Tong Hop de Thi HSG Quoc Gia

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia
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S GIO DC O TO LM NG
Trng THPT Chuyn Thng Long Lt
TUYN TP
THI HC SINH GII QUC GIA
M HA HC
Bin Son: Thy Nguyn Thnh Anh

T trng b mn Ha Hc

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Lt Thng 5/2005
B Gio Dc V o To
THPT
Thi Quc Gia Chn HS Gii

Mn Thi: Ho Hc Lp 12 - Bng
A
Ngy thi:
2/3/1994
(180 pht, khng k thi gian
giao )
- - - - - o0o - - - - Cu 1:
1. Nu phng php ho hc c th dng loi cc cht c sau:
a. SO2, NO2, HF trong kh thi cng nghip.
b. Lng ln clo trong phng th nghim.
c. Pb2+ hoc Cu2+ trong nc thi cc nh my.
Vit y cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
2. T 0,1 mol H2SO4 c th iu ch 1,12 lt; 2,24 lt; 3,36 lt SO2 c khng?
Gii thch ti sao c hay khng c. Nu c, minh ho bng cc v d c
th.
Trnh by phng php thu SO2 tinh khit iu ch trn.
Cu 2:
1. Lm cc th nghim sau:
o Th nghim 1: Cho vo dung dch H2SO4 long ng trong 3 cc nh s
1, 2, 3 mi cc mt ming st.
o Th nghim 2: Thm vo cc 1 ming nhm t tip xc vi ming st.
o Th nghim 3: Thm v cc 2 mt ming ng t tip xc vi ming
st.
o Th nghim 4: Thm vo cc 3 mt ming bc t tip xc vi ming
st.
Trnh by v so snh cc hin tng xy ra trong cc th nghim trn. Vit phng trnh v cc hin tng . Gii thch s khc nhau v cc hin tng xy
ra trong cc th nghim.
2.
a. Hy vit s v phng trnh xy ra khi in phn dung dch
CuSO4 vi hai in cc bng Platin.
b. Sau khi in phn c mt thi gian, ngt ngun in ngoi v ni hai
in cc trn bng dy dn, c hin tng g xy ra? Gii thch v minh ho
bng phng php ho hc.
Cu 3:
1. a. Nu ngha v cu to ca cu hnh electron 1s22s22p63s23p6.

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b. Cu hnh ny c th gp loi cht no? Minh ho bng tnh cht c

th.
c. Nu tnh cht ca cht trong th d trn.

2. Da vo m in ca nguyn t trong bng sau:
Nguyen to
O
Na
Mg
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
m in
3,5
0,9
1,2
1,5
1,8
2,1
2,5
3,0
a. Nu bn cht lin kt ho hc trong oxit ca mi nguyn t mc oxi ho
cao nht.
b. Phn loi cc oxit trn. Vit phng trnh phn ng nu r tnh cht ho
hc ca mi loi oxit.
3. Trnh by c gii thch nhng yu t quan trong nht lm tng tc
giai on oxi ho SO2 thnh SO3 trong qu trnh sn xut H2SO4.
Cau 4:
1. Khuy a gam mt cht trong b cm 3 cht lng c khi lng ring D1 to
thnh mt dung dch c khi lng ring D2.
a. Thit lp cng thc dng tnh nng % theo khi lng v nng
mol/lit ca dung dch trn.
b. Nu nhng iu kin c th p dng c cng thc thit lp ra.
Cau 5: Bi ton
Hn hp A gm hai oxit st. Dn t t kh hidr i qua m gam A ng trong
ng s nung nng n nhit thch hp. Sn phm to nn l 2,07 gam nc v 8,48 gam hn hp B gm hai cht rn. Ho tan B trong 200 ml dung dch
H2SO4 1M thu c mt dung dch D v 1971,2 ml H2 kc 27,30C v 1atm. Cho
D tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d s c kt ta E. Cho E tip xc vi khng kh
chuyn E hon ton thnh cht rn F. Khi lng ca E v F khc nhau 1,36
gam.
1. Tnh m.
2. Tm nng ca hp cht v ion trong dung dch D, cho rng th tch
dung dch D thay i khng ng k so vi th tch dung dch H 2SO4
dng.
3. Thnh lp cng thc v tnh thnh phn % theo khi lng ca mi cht
trong A.
-----o
o-----
Cho H = 1, O = 16, Fe = 56
Hc sinh c s dng bng HTTH cc nguyn t ho hc.
B Gio Dc V o To
Thi Quc Gia Chn HS Gii THPT

Mn Thi: Ho Hc Lp 12
Ngy thi:
2/3/1995
(180 pht, khng k thi
gian giao )
Bng A:
Lm tt c cc Cu hi l thuyt v Bi ton.

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Bng B:
B 2, trong Cu II: 2, trong Cu III: 4, trong Bi
ton.
- - - - - o0o - - - - A. Cu hi l thuyt.
Cu I:
1. Trong phng th nghim c dd NaOH (dung mi l nc).
a/ Hy trnh by nguyn tc xc nh nng mol/lit ca dd NaOH
cho.
b/ Hy t cho cc s liu c th v tnh nng mol/lit ca dd NaOH .
2. C 3 l c nh s, mi l c cha mt trong cc dd sau: natri sunfat,
canxi axetat, nhm sunfat, natri hiroxit, bari clorua. Cht no c cha
trong l s my, nu:
o Rt dd t l 4 vo l 3, c kt ta trng.
o Rt dd t l 2 vo l 1, c kt ta keo, tip tc rt thm kt ta b
tan.
o Rt dd t l 4 vo l 5, ban u cha c kt ta, rt thm th c lng nh
kt ta xut hin.
Trong mi trng hp gii thch u c vit phng trnh phn ng.
3. Hy ngh cch tch ly tng mui trong hn hp rn gm : clorua ca
amoni, bari, magie (c vit y phng trnh phn ng).
Cu II:
1. Thc nghim cho bit: sau 0,75 giy th 30ml KOH 1M trung ho va
ht 30ml H2SO4 0,5M . Hy xc nh tc ca phn ng theo lng
KOH: theo lng H2SO4. Kt qu thu c mi trng hp c hp l khng?
Ti sao?
2. Hy a ra cc biu thc cn thit chng minh vai tr ca h s cc
cht trong phng trnh phn ng khi xc nh tc phn ng.
(dng phng trnh aA + bB d D + eE vi gi thit phng trnh
n gin dng trong trng hp ny).
Cu III:
1. Cn 2 lt dd CuSO4 0,01M c pH = 2.00 m in:
a. Ti sao dd cn pH thp nh vy.
b. Trong phng th nghim c mui CuSO 4.5H2O, nc nguyn cht, H2SO4
98% (D = 1,84 g/ml). Hy trnh by cch chun b dung dch trn (b
qua cht ph).
2. C vt cn m, bn ng, dd va c chun b trn v ngun in
thch hp:
a. Hy trnh by s ca h thng thc hin s m in ny (c
v hnh). Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra trn in cc.
b. Tnh thi gian thc hin s m in nu bit: I = 0,5 Ampe; lp m c
in tch 10 cm2, b dy 0,17 mm; khi lng ring ca ng l 8,89
g/cm3; hiu sut s in phn ny t 80%.
Cu IV:
Hy vit phng trnh phn ng ho hc xy ra mi trng hp sau y:

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1. iu ch H2SO4 theo phng php nitro : oxi ho SO2 bng NO2 trong dd nc
(c thng bng electron).
2. iu ch mt cht trong thnh phn ca nhin liu tn la bng cch cho
kh F2 i chm qua mui rn KNO3 hoc KClO4 (trong mi trng hp u
to ra 2 sn phm, trong lun c KF).
3. FeS hoc FeCO3 b oxi ho bng oxi trong khng kh m to thnh
Fe(OH)3 (c thng bng electron).
4. Fe2O3, Fe2S3, Fe(OH)3 b ho tan trong dd axit mnh (d) u to ra ion
[Fe(H2O)6]3+
B. Bi ton:
Hn hp A gm bt Al v S. Cho 13,275 gam A tc dng vi 400 ml HCl 2M thu
c 8,316 lt kh H2 ti 27,3oC v 1 atm; trong bnh sau phn ng c dd B.
Nu nung nng 6,6375 gam A trong bnh kn khng c oxi ti nhit
thch hp, c cht D. Ho tan D trong 200 ml HCl 2M c kh E v dd F.
1. Hy tnh nng cc cht v cc ion trong dd B, dd F.
2. Tnh pH ca mi dd v nu r nguyn nhn phi to pH thp nh vy.
3. Dn kh E ( c lm kh) qua ng s cha 31,5 gam bt CuO nung
nng ti nhit thch hp (khng c oxi ca khng kh). Phn ng xong
ta thu c nhng cht no? Tnh lng mi cht . (Bit trong sn
phm : cht rn l nguyn cht, tnh theo gam ; cht kh hay hi o ti
100oC, 1atm; khi tnh s mol c ly ti ch s th 5 sau du phy).
4. Rt t t (c khuy u) cho n ht 198 ml NaOH 10% (D = 1,10 g/ml)
vo dd F:
a. Hy nu v gii thch hin tng xy ra.
b. Tnh lng kt ta thu c (nhiu nht; t nht).
-----o
o----Cho Cu = 64; S = 32; Al = 27; O = 16; H = 1.
Ghi ch: Th sinh c dng loi my tnh c nhn b ti, bng s logarit
B Gio Dc V o To
THPT
Thi Quc Gia Chn HC SINH Gii

Mn Thi: Ho Hc Lp 12
Ngy thi:
3/3/1995
gian giao )
Bng A: Lm tt c cc Cu hi l thuyt v Bi ton
Bng B: B 2. trong Cu IV: 2. trong Bi ton

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A. Cu hi l thuyt:
Cu I:
1. Hy sp xp cc hp cht trong dy sau y theo th t tng dn mc linh
ng ca nguyn t H trong nhm chc (c v d v phn ng km theo): axit
axetic, ru etylic, phenol, nc.
2. m in ca C trong C2H6, C2H4, C2H2 tng ng bng 2,48; 2,75; 3,29.
Hy sp xp ba cht trn theo th t gim dn phn cc ca lin kt C-H; ly
v d phn ng ho hc minh ho v dng cc s liu trn gii thch s
sp xp .
Cu II:
1. Hy gi tn
(CH3)2CH-CH =CH-C(CH3)3
(CH3)2CH
CH
CH
C(CH3)3
CH2
Nhng hirocacbon ny c ng phn cis-trans hay khng? Vit cng thc

cc ng phn (nu c).
iu kin v cu to cho mt hp cht hu c c ng phn cis-trans l
g?
2. Axit elaiic l ng phn ca axit oleic. Khi oxi ho mnh axit elaiic bng
KMnO4 trong H2SO4 ct nhm - CH = CH - thnh hai nhm - COOH, thu c hai axit cacboxylic c mch khng phn nhnh l C9H18O2 (A) v C9H16O4 (B)
Vit cng thc cu to ca A v B, t suy ra cng thc cu to ca axit
elaiic. Vit phng trnh phn ng oxi ho trn.
Axit elaiic v axit oleic l nhng cht ng phn loi g?
Cu III:
1. Polime cao su thin nhin v polime ly t nha cy gut-ta-pec-cha u c
cng thc (C5H8)n: loi th nht c cu trc cis, loi th hai c cu trc trans.
Vit cng thc cu to mt on mch polime cho mi loi.
2. Cho HCl tc dng vi cao su thin nhin sinh ra cao su hiroclo cha 20,6% Cl
trong phn t. Vit phng trnh phn ng v cho bit trong phn t cao
su hirocio c cn cu trc cis hay khng? Gii thch.
Cu IV:
T mt loi thc vt ngi ta tch c cht A (C10H12O2). A phn ng vi dd NaOH to
thnh cht B (C10H11O2Na). B phn ng vi CH3I cho cht C (C10H11O(OCH3)) v NaI. Hi
ca C phn ng vi H 2 nh cht xc tc Ni cho cht D (C 10H13O(OCH3)). D phn ng vi
dd KMnO4 trong H2SO4 to thnh axit 3,4-imetoxibenzoic c cng thc 3,4(CH3O)2C6H2COOH v axit axetic.
1. Vit cng thc cu to ca A, B, C: bit rng A, B, C khng c ng phn cistrans, cc cng thc trong ngoc n trn v cng thc phn t.
2. Vit phng trnh cc phn ng xy ra.
B.Bi ton:
Hai hp cht hu c A, B c cng cng thc phn t v u cha C, H, Br, khi un
nng vi dd NaOH long cht A to ra cht C c cha mt nhm chc. Cht B khng tc
dng vi dd NaOH nh iu kin trn. 5,4 gam cht C phn ng hon ton vi Na cho
0,616 lt H2 27,3oC v 1atm. t chy hon ton 1,35 gam cht C thu c 3,85 gam
CO2.
Khi cho A hoc B phn ng vi Br 2 (c mt bt Fe) u thy khi HBr thot ra: sau
phn ng A to ra 3 cht D, E, F cn B to ra 2 cht G, H.

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1. Vit cng thc cu to ca A, B, C v cc cng thc cu to c th c ca D, E,

F, G, H. Bit rng phn t ca D, E, F, G, H u cha 64% Br.
2. Cho hn hp gm 171gam cht A v 78 gam benzen phn ng vi Br 2 c
mt bt Fe. Sau phn ng thu c 125,6 gam brm benzen, 90 gam cht D,
40 gam cht E v 30 gam cht F. Hy cho bit cht A phn ng vi Br 2 kh
(hoc d) hn benzen bao nhiu ln?
-----o
o-----
Cho Br = 80; O = 16; H = 1.
B Gio Dc V o To
Thi Quc Gia Chn HC SINH Gii THPT

Mn Thi: Ho Hc Lp 12
Ngy thi: 2/3/1996
giao )
Cu I:
1. a) Hy ch ra im sai mi cu hnh e- sau:
(1) 1s22s12p5
(2) 1s22s22p53s23p64s23d6
(3) 1s22s22p64p64s2
b) Vit li cho ng mi cu hnh trn. Mi cu hnh ng l cu hnh
ca ht no? Hy vit mt phng trnh phn ng chng minh tnh cht
ho hc in hnh ( nu c ) ca ht ?
2. Ba nguyn t X, Y, Z trong cng mt chu k c tng s hiu nguyn t l 39.
S hiu ca nguyn t Y bng trung bnh cng s hiu ca nguyn t X v Z.
Nguyn t ca 3 nguyn t ny hu nh khng phn ng vi H2O iu kin
thng.
a)Hy xc nh v tr cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t
ho hc. Vit cu hnh e ca nguyn t v gi tn tng nguyn t.
b)So snh m in, bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t .
c) So snh tnh baz ca cc hiroxit.
d)Tm cch tch tng oxit ra khi hn hp oxit ca 3 nguyn t .
Cu II:
1.Khi ho tan SO2 vo H2O, c cc cn bng sau:
SO2 + H2O
(1)
H2SO3
+
H2SO3
(2)
H + HSO3
+
2HSO3
(3)
H + SO3
Nng ca SO2 cn bng thay i ra sao (c gii thch) mi trng hp sau:
a/ un nng dd.
b/ Thm HCl
c/ Thm NaOH
d/ Thm KMnO4
2. xc nh nhit sinh ca NO bng phng php nhit lng k, ngi ta lm hai th
nghim sau:
Th nghim 1: t pht pho trong lung kh NO, sau 12 thu c 1,508 gam H3PO4.
Th nghim 2: t pht pho trong hn hp ng th tch N 2, O2. Sau 10 thu c
2,123 gam H3PO4

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a) Hy vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra (trong bnh nhit lng k c H2O)

b) Tnh tc trung bnh ca qu trnh to ra H 3PO4 mi th nghim trn. Ti sao
c s khc nhau v tr s ?
3. Bng cch no loi b mi kh trong hn hp kh sau:
a) SO2 trong hn hp SO2 v CO2
b) SO3 trong hn hp SO3 v SO2
c) CO2 trong hn hp H2 v CO2
d) HCl trong hn hp HCl v CO2
Cu III:
1.T thc nghim ngi ta xc nh c: khi phn ng
NH4HS (rn)
NH3(kh) + H2S(kh) (1)
t ti cn bng th tch s PNH3. PH2S = 0,109 (tr s ny l hng s nhit 25oC)
a) Hy xc nh p sut chung ca kh tc dng ln h (1) nu ban u bnh chn
khng v ch a vo NH4HS rn.
b) Nu ban u a vo bnh (chn khng) mt lng NH4HS rn v kh NH3, khi
t ti cn bng ho hc th c PNH3 = 0,0549 atm.
Hy tnh p sut kh NH3 trong bnh trc khi phn ng (1) xy ra ti 25oC
2.Mt trong nhng phng php iu ch Al2O3 trong cng nghip tri qua mt s giai
on chnh sau y:
- Nung Nefelin (NaKAl2Si2O8) vi CaCO3 trong l 1200oC
- Ngm nc sn phm to thnh c dd mui aluminat.
Na[Al(OH)4(H2O)2]; K[Al(OH)4(H2O)2] v bn qung CaSiO3
- Chit ly dd, sc CO2 d qua dd .
- Nung kt ta Al(OH)3 c Al2O3.
Hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
Cu IV:
1. Phn ng no xy ra khi lm bo ho dd Na2CO3 (b qua s thu phn) bng:
a/ Kh Cl2
b/ Kh NO2
2. C cc cp: Cr2O72-/2Cr3+; Fe3+/Fe2+; Cl2/2Cl-; MnO4-/Mn2+
Hy hon thnh phng trnh phn ng sau (nu c)
a) K2Cr2O7 + HCl ?
b) Cl2
+ FeCl2 ?
c) FeCl3
+ HCl ?
d) Cl2
+ MnSO4 ?
e) KMnO4 + FeCl3 ?
f) KMnO4 + HCl ?
(Bit tnh oxi ho gim dn theo th t: MnO4- > Cr2O72- Cl2 > Fe3+)
3. C cc ion sau: Ba2+; Ag+; H+(H3O+); Cl-; NO3-; SO42-.
a) Hy cho bit cng thc cht tan hoc cht t tan to thnh.
b) Trong 5 dd, mi dd ch cha mt trong cc cht phn (a). Nu khng dng
thm cht khc, bng cch no c th nhn ra cht trong mi dd (c gii thch).
B Gio Dc V o To

Mn Thi: Ho Hc Lp 12
Ngy thi: 3/3/1996

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giao )
Cu I:
Khi clo ho C5H12 100oC c chiu sng thu c cc sn phm vi t l % nh sau: 2Clo-2Metyl-Butan: 28,4%
1-Clo-2Metyl-Butan: 24,4%
1. Vit phng trnh phn ng (dng cng thc cu to) v c ch phn ng.
2. Nu thay Clo bng Brom th cc t l % trn bin i th no? Gii thch.
3. Hy d on t l % sn phm monoclo ho Propan v IsoButan.
Cu II:
1. C cc hp cht sau: C 2H5OH; n-C10H21OH; C6H5OH; C6H5CH2OH; C6H5NH2;
HOCH2CHOHCH2OH; CH3COOH; n-C6H14; C5H6 v C6H12O6 (glucoz)
a) Cho bit nhng cht tan tt, nhng cht tan km trong nc? Gii thch.
b) Hy vit cng thc cc dng lin kt hiro gia cc phn t C 6H5OH v C2H5OH.
Dng no bn nht, dng no km bn nht? Gii thch.
2. a) Khi nhn Etan theo trc dc lin kt C-C ta thy rng cc nguyn t H ni vi 2
nguyn t C khng che khut nhau tng cp mt m xen k nhau. M t hin t ng ny
bng cng thc v gii thch.
b) Nu nhn phn t n-Butan theo dc trc lin kt C 2-C3 ta s thy c bao nhiu dng
xen k nh vy? Dng no chim u th hn? V sao?
Cu III:
c im ca phn ng este ho l thun nghch?
1. Nu cc bin php phn ng nhanh t ti trng thi cn bng. Nu cc bin
php chuyn dch cn bng ho hc v pha to thnh este.
2. Thit lp biu thc tnh hng s cn bng K, gi s cho a mol axit axetic phn ng
vi b mol ru etylic v sau khi phn ng t ti trng thi cn bng thu c c mol
este.
- Tnh gi tr ca K khi a =b =1mol v c = 0,655 mol
- Nu a = 1mol v b tng gp 5 ln th lng este tng gp bao nhiu ln?
Cu IV:
1. Hp cht A (C18H18O2Br2) phn ng c vi dd NaOH nng. Cho hn hp sau phn ng
tc dng vi dd axit v c long, thu c B (C9H9O2Br) v C (C9H11OBr).
Oxi ho B hoc C u thu c axit para-brom-benzoic.
Oxi ho trong iu kin thch hp C chuyn thnh B.
T B thc hin chuyn ho theo s sau:
o
o
Cl2 ,as
B
D
ddHCl G H2SO4 ,170 C H
ddNaOH,t E
(D cha 1 nguyn t Clo trong phn t, H c ng phn Cis-trans. Cc sn phm D,
E, G, H u l sn phm chnh)
a) Vit cng thc cu to ca A, B, C, D, E, G, H v vit cc ph ng trnh phn ng
xy ra.
b) So snh nhit nng chy ca B v C. Gii thch.
2. Heliotropin C8H6O3 (cht nh hng trong cng nghip hng liu) c iu ch t
cht safrol C10H10O2 (trong tinh du x x) bng cch ng phn ho safrol thnh
COOH
Isosafrol C10H10O2, sau oxi ho isosafrol nh cht oxi ho thch hp.
Vit cng thc
cu to ca Heliotropin, safrol v isosafrol. Bit rng heliotropin phn ng c vi
AgNO3 trong dd NH3 cho mui ca axit 3,4-metylen dioxiBenzoic
O
O CH2

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v isosafrol c ng phn cis-trans

3. Cc cht Freon gy ra hin tng l thng zon.
C ch phn hu zon bi Freon (th d CF2Cl2) vit nh sau:
CF2Cl2 h
Cl + CF2Cl
(a)
O3 + Cl
O2 + ClO
(b)
O + ClO
O2 + Cl
(c)
a) Gii thch v sao 1 phn t CF2Cl2 c th phn hu hng chc ngn phn t
Ozon?
b) Trong kh quyn c 1 lng nh kh Metan. Hin tng g xy ra ng thi vi
hin tng l thng ozon? Gii thch.
Cu V:
Tng th tch ( 0oC) ca Hirocacbon A (kh) v th tch va O 2 t chy
hon ton A bng 1/2 th tch ca cc sn phm chy 195 oC. Sau khi lm lnh n
0oC th tch ca cc sn phm chy cn bng 1/2 th tch ban u ca hn hp A v
O2. Cc th tch u o cng p sut.
1. Vit cng thc cu to A.
2. Thc hin phn ng tch Hiro t A thu c hn hp sn phm B. t chy hon
ton 4,032 lt B (ktc) thu c 6,72 lt CO2 (ktc). Dn 0,252 lt B (ktc) qua dd Br 2
lm cho khi lng dd nng thm 0,21 gam. Tnh thnh phn % th tch ca hn hp B.
Gi s ch xy ra s tch Hiro.
B Gio Dc V o To

Mn Thi: Ho Hc Lp
12
Ngy thi:
14/3/1997
giao )
Bng A: Lm tt c cc cu
Bng B: Khng lm phn V
Cu I:
1. Hy xp cc cng thc sau y theo th t tng dn s oxi ho ca N: N 2, NO,
NH3, N2O, NH2OH, HNO3, N2H4, NO2, HNO2.
Hy ch r nguyn nhn v cu to nguyn t N c s cc oxi ho .
2. Cho cc cht sau:
a)Na2CO3; b) KNO3; c) (NH4)2SO4; d) BaCl2; e) KHSO4
Gii thch tnh cht axit-baz ca cc dd nc ca cc cht trn. Cho bit gi tr c lng pH ca cc dd (pH > 7; < 7 hoc 7 ?).
3. tng trn ca kh quyn c lp ozon lm l chn bo v tri t khi tc hi
ca tia cc tm do mt
tri ri xung nh duy tr cn bng ho hc.
hv
O2 + O
O3
Gn y cn bng ny b ph v, l mt trong nhng hm ho v mi trng trn
tri t. Mt trong cc nguyn nhn l con ngi thi vo kh quyn mt lng ng k
NO v Cl (Cl do clo-flo cacbon t cc my lnh thot vo khng kh to ra hv CF 2Cl2
CF2Cl + Cl ); Cc kh ny lm xc tc cho qu trnh bin i O3 thnh O2.
Hy vit pt p (ring r v tng cng) chng minh vai tr xc tc ca Cl v NO.

Trang:10
*********************************************************************************************************************************
Cu II:
KMnO4 l thuc th c dng xc nh nng cc mui st (II). Phn ng gia
KMnO4 v FeSO4 trong dung dch H2SO4 din ra theo s :
KMnO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO4
K2SO4 + MnO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O (1)
1. Hy vit phng trnh phn ng (1) di dng phng trnh ion (k hiu phng
trnh ion l (2)).
2. Gi thit phn ng l thun nghch, hy thit lp biu thc hng s cn
bng ca phn ng da vo (2) theo nng cn bng ca cc cht.
3. Gi tr logarit hng s cn bng ca phn ng oxi ho-kh 25 oC dc tnh theo
lgK
biu thc:
= nE0
0.059
(E0 l hiu th in cc tiu chun ca cc cp cht phn ng, n l s electron
tham gia vo qu trnh oxi ho hoc kh trong phn ng).
Hy tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng theo (2).
0
o
0
Cho E MnO-4 /Mn 2+ = 1,51V; E Fe3+ /Fe2+ = 0,77V; E Cl2 /2Cl- = 1,36V
4. Trong mt hn hp gm c KMnO4 0,010M; H2SO4 0,500M; FO4 0,020M v
Fe2(SO4)3 0,005M.
Hy tnh nng cc ion khi phn ng kt thc.
5. Mi yu t sau y nh hng nh th no n (2):
a) Tng pH ca dung dch;
b) Thay H2SO4 bng HCl
c) Thm lng nh KSCN vo dung dch.
Cu III:
1. Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng ht nhn sau:
206
a)
?
+ 2He4
82Pb
17
17
b)
+?
9F
8O
239
c)
?
+ 2He4
94Pu
1
4
d)
+ ?
1H
2He
e)
? + 1D2
2 2He4
i vi mi nh lut bo ton dc p dng lp phng trnh trn, hy phn tch
mt v d minh ho.
2.a) Uran trong thin nhin cha 99,28% U238 (c thi gian bn hu l 4,5.10 9nm) v
0,72% U235 (c thi gian bn hu l 7,1.10 8nm). Tnh tc phn r mi ng v
trn trong 10gam U3O5 mi iu ch.
b) Mari v Pie Curi diu ch Ra 226 t qung Uran trong thin nhin. Ra 226 dc to ra t
ng v no trong hai ng v trn?
Cu IV:
1. Hy vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra khi dn lng d kh H2S sc qua dung dch (c
pH 0,5) cha cc ion Ag+, Ba2+, Cr2O72-, Cu2+, Fe3+, Ni2+.
2. C dd mui nitrat ca Mg2+, Ba2+, Al3+, Cr3+, Co2+, Ag+, Hg22+ (k hiu l dd 1).
Hy vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra trong mi trng hp sau y:
a) Thm dd NaCl vo dd 1 ti khi kt ta c hon ton. Lc ly kt ta (k hiu a),
dd cn li (k hiu l dd2).
b) Ra kt ta a bng nc ri cho tc dng tip vi dd NH3 6M.
c) un cch thu ti nng dd 2, thm vo NH 4Cl rn, ri thm tip NH3 6M ti pH
9,0.
d) Cho kt ta thu dc c) tc dng vi NaOH 2M c mt t dd H2O2.

Trang:11
*********************************************************************************************************************************
Cu V:
Xt phn ng N2(kh) + 3H2(kh)
2NH3(kh) (I)
1) Ti iu kin tiu chun i vi cc cht, T = 298K, c:
So = -197,9J.K-1; Ho = -91,8kJ.
Tnh Go v kt lun v kh nng xy ra phn ng (I).
2) Cng ti 298K, c PN2 = PH2 = 10,0atm; PNH3 = 1,0atm.
a) Tnh G = Go + 2,303RTlg Kp vi Kp = P2NH3/P3H2PN2 v R = 8,31 J.K-1.
b) Da vo cc s liu tnh c trn, gii thch mc xy ra phn ng (I) hai
trng hp 1) v 2). Kt qu c ph hp vi nguyn l L Satli hay khng? Ti
sao?
B Gio Dc V o To

Mn Thi: Ho Hc Lp 12
Ngy thi: 15/3/1997
giao )
Bng A: Lm tt c cc cu
Bng B: Khng lm cu VI
Cu I:
1. Hy cho bit kiu lai ho ca cc nguyn t v loi lin kt (, ) trong cc hp cht
sau:
Cl-CH2-CH =O; CH2=CH - CN; CH2 = C = O
2. Hy sp xp cc hp cht cho di y theo th t tng dn nhit si. Gii
thch.
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3
(A); CH3-CH2-CH2OH
(B); CH3-CH2-CH2NH2
(C); (CH3)3CH
(D);
(CH3)3N (E).
3. C th thc hin c cc phn ng sau hay khng, v sao?
C2H5ONa + CH3COOH C2H5OH + CH3COONa (1)
NaNH2
+ CH4
CH3Na + NH3
(2)
Cu II:
1. Hp cht X cha 60% C, 4,44%H v 35,56%O trong phn t, dd nc ca X lm hng
qu tm. Thu phn X thu c axit axetic v axit o-hiroxibenzoic.
a) Xc nh cng thc cu to ca X, bit MX = 180vC.
b) Tnh th tch va dd NaOH 0,5M phn ng hon ton vi 5,4g X.
2. Mannoz (monosaccarit) HOCH2-(CHOH)4-CH=O l ng phn ca glucoz. dng
vng 6 cnh mannoz ch khc glucoz ch nhm OH nguyn t C 2 nm cng pha
vi OH nguyn t C3.
Oxi ho mannoz bng dd HNO3 100oC thu c sn phm Y cha 41,38%C; 3,45%H
v 55,17%O. Y b thu phn c trong mi trng axit cng nh baz to ra axit
polihiroxiicacboxylic hoc mui tng ng.
Xc nh cng thc cu to ca Y, bit MY = 174 vC.
Cu III:
T mt loi tinh du ngi ta tch c cht A cha 76,92%C; 12,82%H v 10,26%O trong
phn t, MA = 156 vC. A cn c iu ch bng cch hiro ho xc tc cht 2isopropyl-5-metylphenol (B).
1. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A.

Trang:12
*********************************************************************************************************************************
2. Vit cng thc cc ng phn cis-trans ca A.

3. un nng A vi H2SO4 c thu c hai cht c cng cng thc phn t C 10H18. Vit
cng thc cu to ca hai cht v vit c ch phn ng.
4. So snh tnh cht axit ca A vi B.
Cu IV:
Thu phn hon ton 1 mol polipeptit X cho ta:
2 mol CH3- CH(NH2) - COOH (Alanin hay vit tt l Ala)
1 mol HOOC - CH2 - CH2 - CH(NH2) - COOH (axit glutamic hay Glu)
1 mol H2N -(CH2)4 - CH(NH2) - COOH (Lizin hay Lys)
N
1 mol
CH2
CH
COOH
Histidin hay His
NH2
N
H
Nu cho X tc dng vi 2,4-(NO2)2C6H3F (k hiu ArF) ri mi thu phn th thu c

Ala, Glu, Lys v hp cht
N
CH2 CH COOH
NH
Ar
Mt khc nu thu phn X nh enzim cacboxipeptiaza th thu c Lys v mt

tetrapeptit. Ngoi ra khi thu phn khng hon ton X cho ta cc ipeptit Ala-Glu,
Ala-Ala v His-Ala.
1. Xc nh cng thc cu to v tn ca polipeptit X.
2. Sp xp cc aminoaxit trn theo th t tng dn pH1 (pH 1 c gi l im ng
in, ti pH aminoaxit tn ti dng ion lng cc trung ho v in tch v khng
di chuyn v mt in cc no c), bit cc gi tr pH1 l 3,22; 6,00; 7,59 v 9,74.
3. Vit cng thc cu to dng ch yu ca mi aminoaxit trn cc pH bng 1 v 13.
4. Di tc dng ca enzim thch hp aminoaxit c th b ecacboxyl ho (tch nhm
cacboxyl). Vit cng thc cu to ca cc sn phm ecacboxyl ho Ala v His. So
snh tnh baz ca cc nguyn t nit trong phn t gia hai sn phm . Gii
thch.
Cu V:
T dn xut halogen c th iu ch axit cacboxylic theo s sau:
HX
CO
Mg
-MgX
2
RX
RMgX
RCOOMgX
RCOOH
ete khan
ete khan
2
T CH4 v cc cht v c cn thit hy vit phng trnh cc phn ng iu ch:
1. Axit metylmaloic CH3CH(COOH)2
2. Axit -vinylacrilic.
Cu VI:
C phng trnh phn ng sau:
OH
H2SO4 85 % , 10 C
(A)
1.Vit c ch phn ng.
+ H2O
(B) h = 55%

Trang:13
*********************************************************************************************************************************
2.Thay A bng C6H5-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-C(CH3)2OH (A1), C6H5-CH2-CH2-C(CH3)2OH (A2) v

tin hnh phn ng trong iu kin tng t nh trn thu c sn phm hu c tng
ng B1 (hiu sut 86%), B2 (hiu sut 65%).
a) Vit cng thc cu to ca B1, B2.
b) Ti sao hiu sut phn ng to ra B1, B2 cao hn to ra B?
B Gio Dc V o To

Mn Thi: Ho Hc Lp
12
Ngy thi:
13/3/1998
giao )
Bng A: Lm tt c cc bi
Bng B: Khng lm nhng cu c du *
Bi I:
1. Trong thin nhin Brom c ch yu nc bin di dng NaBr. Cng nghip ho hc
iu ch Brom t nc bin theo qui trnh nh sau: Cho mt lng dd H2SO4 vo mt lng
nc bin; tip n sc kh Clo vo dd mi thu c; sau dng khng kh li cun
hi Brom vo dd Na2CO3 ti bo ho Brom. Cui cng cho H2SO4 vo dd bo ho
Brom, thu hi Brom ri ho lng.
Hy vit phng trnh cc phn ng ho hc ch yu xy ra trong qu trnh v
cho bit vai tr ca H2SO4.
2. Brom lng hay hi u rt c. Hy vit phng trnh phn ng ho hc xy ra khi
dng mt ho cht thng thng d kim hu ht lng Brom lng chng may b
lm , bo v mi trng.
Bi II:
Dng 94,96ml H2SO4 5% (D = 1,035g/ml) va tc dng ht vi 2,80 g cht X, thu c mui Y v cht Z.
1. X, Y, Z c th l nhng cht no? Hy gii thch c th v vit phng trnh
phn ng ho hc minh ho.
2. Nu sau qu trnh trn thu c 7,60 g mui Y th s c bao nhiu cht Z?
Bit rng X c th l mt trong cc cht: CaO, MgO, NaOH, KOH, Zn, Fe.
Bi III:
1.Tm phng trnh cho mi phn ng ho hc sau y:
a) K2Cr2O7 + ? + H2O Cr(OH)3 + S + NH3 + KOH
b) K2Cr2O7 + Na2SO3 + H2SO4 ? + Na2SO4 + K2SO4 + H2O
c) K2Cr2O7 + (NH4)2S + ? + H2O K3[Cr(OH)6] + S + ?
2. Hy cho bit cht oxi ho trong mi phn ng trn. Da vo cu hnh electron ca
nguyn t, hy gii thch tnh cht oxi ho ca cht .
3*). Hy cho bit vai tr ca pH i vi cc phn ng ho hc trn trong s to thnh
cc sn phm cha crom.
Bi IV:
C s liu: in cc
Th in cc tiu chun (V) 25oC
+
H/H
-2,106.
Fe / Fe2+
-0.440.

Trang:14
*********************************************************************************************************************************
Fe / Fe3+
-0.036.
+
H2 / 2H
0,000.
1. Hy vit phng trnh phn ng gia Fe vi axit HCl v dng s liu trn gii
thch kt qu ca phn ng .
2. Thc t dng tc nhn no trong s cc tc nhn: Fe, H, H 2, kh nitrobenzen
thnh anilin? Vit phng trnh phn ng v dng s liu trn gii thch.
3*). Hy ngh s trong c ch r lin h gia cc cht bng mi tn ()
da vo v dng s liu trn tnh c th in cc tiu chun ca qu trnh
Fe3+ Fe2+; k hiu tr s l x. Hy t x vo v tr thch hp trong dy s liu
m u bi a ra.
Bi V:
1. Hy so snh tan ca SO2 trong dd nc c cng nng ca cc cht sau:
a) NaCl; b) HCl;
c) NH4Cl;
d) Na2S.
2*). Dn t t SO2 qua mt lt dd Ca(OH)2 (dd A). Sau phn ng thu c dd c pH =
12,0 v kt ta CaSO3. Lc ly kt ta ri lm kh cn nng 1,200 gam.
a) Hy tnh th tch SO2 27,3oC, 1atm tan c vo dd A.
b) Tnh nng mol/lt ca Ca(OH)2 trong dd A.
3. Cho NaOH d vo dd X cha cc ion H +, Cr2O72-, Pb2+, Ba2+, NH4+. un nng dd ta s c kh mi khai bay ra v c kt ta vng.
Lc kt ta, ri cho tc dng vi dd HCl. Khi y ta c dd mu da cam v mt kt ta
mu trng. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng gii thch cc hin tng.
B Gio Dc V o To

Mn Thi: Ho Hc Lp 12
Ngy thi: 14/3/1998
giao )
Bng A: lm tt c cc bi
Bng B: khng lm nhng cu c du*
Bi I:
1. Cho 4 dn xut clo ca hirocacbon, chng u c cng thc phn t C4H9Cl.
a) Vit cng thc cu to thu gn v gi tn 4 cht theo danh php thng dng v
IUPAC. Sp xp chng theo trnh t tng dn nhit si. Gii thch.
b*) Cho dn xut clo mch khng nhnh trn tc dng vi clo (chiu sng) theo t l
mol 1:1. Trnh by c ch ca phn ng. Cho bit sn phm no chim t l cao
nht; gii thch.
2. Vit cng thc cu trc cc ng phn ca:
a)
C3H5Cl
b)
ClCH =(C=)nCHCl, vi n = 1, 2, 3.
Bi II:
1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng to thnh sn phm chnh khi cho 1mol
hirocacbon A tc dng vi cc cht sau:
a) 1mol HNO3(c H2SO4c);
b) 1mol Br2(c chiu sng);
c) KMnO4c,d(un nng).
d*) Trnh by giai on quyt nh tc chung ca mi phn ng a)v b).

Trang:15
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2*. Iotbenzen c iu ch vi hiu sut cao theo s phn ng sau:

300 C
C6H6 + I2 + HNO
NO + NO2 + AgI
3
Cho bit vai tr ca HNO3? Nu tn c ch phn ng.
Bi III:
1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra trong cc trng hp sau(A, B, C, D, E, G, H, I,
K, L vit dng cng thc cu trc ):
0
H2, Ni, t C
a) C6H5 C C COOCH3
H2, Pd, PbCO3
o
b. b) p-CH3C6H4CH3 dd KMnO4 d ,t
o
c) o-CH3C6H4CH3 dd KMnO4 d ,t
C
dd HCl
G
dd HCl
o
d) o-BrCH2C6H4CH2Br
dd NaOH, t
o
D HOCH2 -CH2OH, t
C H OH(d )
H 2SO5
H
c, to
2 4
c,1400C
K H2SO4
Cho bit ng dng ca E v I.

2. Hy phn bit 4 aminoaxit sau (c gii thch), bit rng phng th nghim c cc
loi giy qu, dd NaNO2+ dd HCl, ddNaOH, C2H5OH v cc dng c cn thit.
a) CH3-CH-COOH (Ala)
b) H2N-(CH2)4-CH-COOH (Lys)
NH2
NH2
c) HOOC-(CH2)2-CH-COOH (Glu)
d.
COOH (Pro)
Bi IV:
1. Trong thuc l c cht anabazin v mt ng phn cu to ca n l nicotin (rt
c). Ngoi ra ngi ta cn tng hp c cht nicotirin c cu to tng t nicotin:
CH3
N
N
N
N
CH3
Nicotin
N
Anabazin
H
Nicotirin
a) Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra khi cho mi hp cht trn tc dng vi HCl theo t
l mol 1:1. Sp xp chng theo trnh t tng dn kh nng phn ng . Gii thch.
b) Trong s 3 hp cht trn, cht no c nhit si cao nht? Gii thch.

Trang:16
*********************************************************************************************************************************
2. Oxi ho nicotin bng K2Cr2O7 trong dd H2SO4 thu c axit nicotinic dng iu
ch cc amit ca n l vitamin PP v coiamin (thuc cha bnh tim):
CONH2
C N(C2H5)2
O
N
Nicotiamit
Vitamin PP
Codiamin
Vit cng thc cu to ca axit nicotinic v so snh nhit nng chy ca n vi

axit benzoic. Gii thch.
b*) Cho bit trng thi lai ho ca cc nguyn t nit trong phn t
vitamin PP. So snh tnh baz ca cc nguyn t nit : gii thch.
c) Vitamin PP nng chy nhit cao hn coiamin, mc d c phn t khi
nh hn. Ti sao?
Bi V:
1*) A l mt isaccarit kh c AgNO3 trong dd NH3, gm hai ng phn c kh
nng lm quay mt phng nh sng phn cc trong nhng iu kin thng nht
biu th bng []25D l +92,6o v +34o. Dung dch ca mi ng phn ny t bin
i v []25D cho ti khi cng t gi tr n nh l + 52o.
Thu phn A (nh cht xc tc axit) sinh ra B v C:
CHO
CHO
H
HO
H
H
OH
H
OH
OH
CH2OH
(B)
H
HO
HO
H
OH
H
H
OH
CH2OH
(C)
Cho A tc dng vi mt lng d CH3I trong mi trng baz thu c sn phm D khng c
tnh kh. un nng D vi dd axit long thu c dn xut 2,3,6-tri-O-metyl ca B v dn
xut 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-metyl ca C.
a) Vit cng thc cu trc (dng vng 6 cnh phng) ca B, C, A, D; bit rng trong
phn t A c lin kt - 1,4 - glicozit. Gii thch v vit cc phng trnh phn ng.
b) V sao dd mi ng phn ca A t bin i v []25D v cui cng u t gi
tr 52o? Tnh thnh phn phn trm cc cht trong dd gi tr []25D = 525 v vit
cng thc cu trc ca cc cht thnh phn .
2. Metyl ho hon ton cc nhm OH ca 3,24 gam amilopectin bng cch cho tc
dng vi CH3I trong mi trng baz, ri em thu phn hon ton (xc tc axit) th

Trang:17
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thu c 1,66.10-3 mol 2,3,4,6 - tetra - O - metylglucoz v 1,66.10-3 mol 2,3 - i - O metylglucoz; cn li l 2,3,6 - tri - O - metylglucoz.
a)Vit cng thc cu trc (dng vng 6 cnh phng) ca 3 sn phm trn v cho bit
xut x ca chng.
b) Cho bit t l phn trm cc gc glucoz nhng ch c nhnh ca phn t
amilopectin.
c) Tnh s mol 2,3,6 - tri - O - metylglucoz sinh ra trong phng th nghim trn.
B Gio Dc V o To
thi chnh thc

Mn Thi: Ho Hc - Bng A
Ngy thi: 12/3/1999
(180 pht, khng k thi gian giao )
Cu 1:
Dung dch A gm cc cht tan FeCl 3, AlCl3, NH4Cl v CuCl2 (nng mi cht
xp x 0,1M).
1. Dung dch A c phn ng axit, baz, trung tnh ? Ti sao ?
2. Cho H2S li chm qua dung dch A cho n bo ho th thu c kt ta v
dung dch B. Hy cho bit thnh phn cc cht trong kt ta v trong dung dch B.
3. Thm dn NH3 vo dung dch B cho n d. C hin tng g xy ra ? Vit cc
phng trnh phn ng ion gii thch.
Cu 2:
1. Phtgen c dng lm cht clo ho rt tt cho phn ng tng hp hu c, c iu ch theo phng trnh:
CO(k) + Cl2(k)
;
Ho = -111,3 kJ.mol-1
COCl2(k)
Magi c iu ch theo phng trnh:
MgO(r) + C(r)
;
Ho = 491,0 kJ.mol-1
Mg(r) + CO(k)
Cn tc ng nh th no vo nhit v p sut ring phn ca kh mi phn
ng trn thu c nhiu sn phm hn? Ti sao phi tc ng nh vy ?
2.Thc nghim cho bit ti 25oC tc tiu th kh NO trong phn ng iu
ch nitrozoni clorua kh :
2NO (k) + Cl2 (k)
(1)
2NOCl (k)
-4
-1 -1
o
bng 3,5.10 mol.l s . Hy tnh tc (ti 298 K):
a) Ca phn ng (1)
b) Tiu th kh Cl2
c) To thnh NOCl (k)
Cu 3:
ClO2 l cht ho cht c dng ph bin trong cng nghip. Thc nghim cho
bit:
1.a/ Dung dch long ClO2 trong nc khi gp nh sng s to ra HCl, HClO3.
b/ Trong dung dch kim (nh NaOH) ClO2 nhanh chng to ra hn hp mui
clorit v clorat natri.
2.c/ ClO2 c iu ch nhanh chng bng cch cho hn hp KClO 3, H2C2O4 tc
dng vi H2SO4 long.
d/ Trong cng nghip ClO2 c iu ch bng cch cho NaClO3 tc dng vi
SO2 c mt H2SO4 4M.

Trang:18
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Hy vit phng trnh phn ng v ni r l phn ng oxi ho- kh hay phn ng

trao i ? Ti sao ? (phn tch tng phn ng a, b, c, d).
Cu 4:
1. C mt th nghim sau y (lm trong t ht kh c): ly vo ng
nghim 1ml axit sunfuric c, b mt mnh ng vo ng nghim v un nng
nh.
a) C hin tng g xy ra? Bng cch no nhn bit sn phm kh ca phn ng ?
Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
b) Ti sao phi un nng nh ?
2. C 3 dung dch Ba(OH)2, Pb(CH3COO)2, MgSO4 b mt nhn hiu.
Hy chn 5 thuc th c dng phn bit c 3 dung dch trn. Vit cc phng
trnh phn ng v gii thch.
Cu 5:
Tr s th in cc tiu chun ca mt s din cc cho trong bng sau y:
in cc
S th t ca in cc
Th in cc chun (V)
2+
3+
Fe /Fe
1
0,77
43[Fe(CN)6 /[Fe(CN)6
2
0,36
NO, H2O/NO3-,H+
3
0,96
NO2 , OH /NO3 ,H2O
4
0,10
Al/Al3+
5
-1,66
Da vo s liu trn, hy:
1. Lp cc pin, tnh hiu th ca tng pin (ghi kt qu o c theo th t
gim dn, thnh bng nh sau).
2. Ch r nh hng ca pH n mc d oxi ha ca NO3-.
Th t
Pin gm
Hiu th ca pin (theo
in cc
in
V)
cc
3. Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra trn mi in cc v phn ng xy ra
trong mi pin c to ra:
a) T in cc 2 vi in cc 5
b) T din cc 3 vi in cc 5
c) T in cc 3 vi in cc 4
B Gio Dc V o To
thi chnh thc

Ngy thi: 13/3/1999
Cu I:
1. Hy gi tn v sp xp cc hp cht sau theo th t tng dn nhit si. Gii
thch cch sp xp :
(CH3)4C
;
CH3(CH2)4CH3 ; (CH3)2CHCH(CH3)2
CH3(CH2)3CH2OH
;
(CH3)2C(OH)CH2CH3
2. Hy cho bit cc phn ng di y thuc loi phn ng no (oxi ho, kh hoc phn
ng khc)?

Trang:19
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CrO3 ,piridin
(1)
a. CH3CH2OH
b. CH4
(1)
(2)
CH3OH (2)
LiAlH
c. CH3CH2OH TiCl 4
4
d.
e.
CHO
H CrO
CH3CH=O 2(2) 4
H-COOH (3)
CH3COOH
H-CH=O (4)
H2CO3
CH3CH3
CH3OH, H+
CH(OCH3)2 + H2O
Br
+ Br 2
Br
f.
Br
+ HBr
Cu II:
1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng to thnh A, B, C, D, M, N (vit dng cng thc cu
to) theo s sau:
o
CH3OH, HCl khan
a) BrCH2CH2CH2CH =O
A
B
dd NaOH,t

b) BrCH2CH2CH2COOH
1) dd NaOH, to
2) dd HCl
Br2 , H2O
+ o
C
H ,t
+ o
c) HOCH2(CHOH)4CH =O
M
H ,t N
2. Vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch 1,3,5-triaminobenzen t toluen v cc hp

cht v c thch hp.
Cu III:
T mt loi thc vt ngi ta
CH=O
tch c hp cht (A) c cng
H
OH
thc phn t C18H32O16. Thu
HO
H
phn hon ton (A) thu c
HO
H
glucoz (B), fructoz (C) v
H
OH
glucoz (D):
CH 2OH (D)
1. Vit cng thc cu trc dng vng phng 5 cnh v 6 cnh ca galactoz.
2. Hiro ho glucoz, fructoz v galactoz thu c cc poliancol (ru a chc). Vit
cng thc cu trc ca cc poliancol tng ng vi (B), (C) v (D).
3. Thu phn khng hon ton (A) nh enzim -galactozidaza (enzim xc tc cho phn
ng thu phn cc -galactozit) thu c galactoz v saccaroz.
Metyl ho hon ton (A) nh hn hp CH3I v Ag2O, sau thu phn sn phm
metyl ho thu c 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-metyl galactoz (E) v 2,3,4-tri-O-metyl glucoz (G)
v 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-metyl fructoz (H).
Vit cng thc cu trc ca (E), (G), (H) v (A).
Cu IV:
1. a) un nng mt dn xut tetraclo ca benzen vi dd NaOH (theo t l mol 1:1)
trong metanol, ri cho sn phm thu c tc dng vi natri monocloaxetat v sau cng
l axit ho th thu c cht dit c 2,4,5-T.
Vit s cc phn ng xy ra, gi tn cht u v cc sn phm, nu tn c
ch cc phn ng .

Trang:20
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b) Trong qu trnh tng hp 2,4,5-T nu trn sinh ra mt sn phm ph c c

tnh cc mnh v l thnh phn gy c mnh nht ca cht c mu da cam ,
l cht c ioxin:
Cl
O
Cl
Cl
O
Cl
Hy trnh by s phn ng to thnh ioxin.
2. a)Khi ch ho hn hp cc ng phn khng gian ca 2,3-ibrom-3-metylpentan vi
km thu c cc hirocacbon khng no v km bromua.
Vit cng thc cu trc v gi tn cc hirocacbon .
b)S thu c sn phm no bng phn ng tng t nh trn nu xut pht t 2,4ibrom-2-metylpentan.
Cu V:
1. Axit xinamic c iu ch theo s phn ng sau:
K CO , to
C6H5CH=O +
(CH3CO)2O
C6H5CH=CHCOOH + CH3COOH
2 3
Khi kt thc phn ng phi tin hnh tch benzanehit d ra khi hn hp. C mt hc
sinh thc hin nh sau: cho dd KMnO4 c vo hn hp phn ng loi
benzanehit d, sau axit ho hn hp n mi trng axit thu ly axit xinamic.
Cch lm ny ng hay sai? Nu mt phng php khc tch c axit xinamic t
hn hp sn phm.
2. Trong phng th nghim ngi ta iu ch etilen bng cch un nng etanol vi
H2SO4 c khong 170oC. Gii thch ti sao cn dn sn phm li qua dd NaOH
long.
3. Bnh cu A cha y metylamin (tos = - 6,5oC)
c y bng nt cao su c lp ng thu tinh, p bnh cu vo chu B cha nc c
thm phenolphtalein(xem hnh bn).
Nu cc hin tng xy ra. Gii thch.
B Gio Dc V o To
thi chnh thc

Ngy thi: 13/3/2000
giao )
Cu I:
1) Cho cc cht sau: HNO 3, Cu, Fe, Na, S, C, NaNO 3, Cu(NO3)2, NH4NO3. Hy vit tt c
cc phng trnh phn ng c th to ra kh NO2, ghi r iu kin phn ng (nu c).
2) Mui amoni v mui kim loi kim ging v khc nhau c bn nhng im no?
Nu ra mt vi th d c th.
3) Trong phng th nghim ho hc c 8 l ho cht mt nhn ng ring bit cc dd:
NaCl; NaNO3; MgCl2; Mg(NO3)2; AlCl3; Al(NO3)3; CrCl3;Cr(NO3)3. Bng phng php ho
hc, lm th no nhn bit c mi dd? Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra v ghi
iu kin (nu c)
4) Hy hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng ht nhn sau y (c nh lut bo
ton no c dng khi hon thnh phng trnh trn ?)

Trang:21
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a. 92U238 90Th230 + ...

b. 92U235 82Pb206 + ...
Cu II:
1) xc nh hm lng oxi tan trong nc ngi ta ly 100,00ml nc ri cho ngay MnSO4
(d) v NaOH vo nc. Sau khi lc k (khng cho tip xc vi khng kh) Mn(OH) 2 b oxi
ho thnh MnO(OH)2. Thm axit (d), khi ly MnO(OH)2 b Mn2+ kh thnh Mn3+. Cho Kl
(d) vo hn hp. Mn3+ oxi ho I- thnh I3-. Chun I3- ht 10,50ml Na2S2O3 9,800.10-3M
a. Vit cc phng trnh ion ca cc phn ng xy ra trong th nghim.
b. Tnh hm lng (mol/l) ca oxi tan trong nc.
2) T cc nguyn t O, Na, S to ra c cc mui A, B u c 2 nguyn t Na trong
phn t. Trong mt th nghim ho hc ngi ta cho m1 gam mui A bin i thnh
m2 gam mui B v 6,16 lt kh Z ti 27,3 oC; 1atm. Bit rng hai khi lng khc
nhau 16,0 gam.
a. Hy vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra vi cng thc c th ca A, B.
b. Tnh m1, m2.
Cu III:
1) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra (nu c) ca kh clo, tinh th iot tc dng
vi:
a. Dung dch NaOH ( nhit thng, khi un nng)
b. Dung dch NH3.
2) Trong cng ngh ho du, cc ankan c loi hiro chuyn thnh hirocacbon
khng no c nhiu ng dng hn. Hy tnh nhit ca mi phn ng sau y:
C4H10 C4H6 + H2 ; Ho1 (1)
CH4 C6H6 + H2 ; Ho2
(2)
Bit nng lng lin kt. E theo kJ.mol-1, ca cc lin kt nh sau:
E. theo kJ.mol-1
435,9
416,3
409,1
587,3
Lin kt
H-H
C-H
C-C
C=C
(Vi cc lin kt C-H, C-C, cc tr s trn l trung bnh trong cc hp cht
hirocacbon khc nhau).
Cu IV:
1. Hy vit phng trnh ho hc v cu hnh electron tng ng ca cht u, sn
phm trong mi trng hp sau y:
a. Cu2+ (z=29) nhn thm 2e
b. Fe2+ (z=26) nhng bt 1e
c. Bro (z=35) nhn thm 1e
d. Hgo (z=80) nhng bt 2e
2. Ho tan 7,180 gam st cc cha Fe 2O3 vo mt lng rt d dd H2SO4 long ri thm nc ct n th tch ng 500ml. Ly 25ml dd ri thm dn 12,50 ml dd KMnO 4
0,096M th xut hin mu hng tm trong dd.
a. Xc nh hm lng (phn trm v khi lng) ca Fe tinh khit trong st cc.
b. Nu ly cng mt khi lng st cc c cng hm lng ca Fe tinh khit nhng cha tp
cht FeO v lm li th nghim ging nh trn th lng dd KMnO4 0,096M cn dng l
bao nhiu?
Cu V:
1. Cho: Eo 25oC ca cc cp Fe 2+ / Fe v Ag+ / Ag tng ng bng -0,440V v 0,800V.
Dng thm in cc hiro tiu chun, vit s ca pin c dng xc nh cc
th in cc cho. Hy cho bit phn ng xy ra khi pin c lp t hai cp hot
ng.

Trang:22
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2. a. Hy sp xp cc nguyn t Natri, Kali, Liti li theo th t gim tr s nng lng ion

ho th nht (I1). Da vo cn c no v cu to nguyn t a ra qui lut sp xp
?
b. Da vo cu hnh electron, hy gii thch s ln hn nng lng ion ho th nht (I1)
ca Mg so vi Al (Mg c I1 = 7,644 eV; Al c I1 = 5,984 eV).
-----o
B Gio Dc V o To
o-----

Mn Thi: Ho Hc -
Bng A
thi chnh thc
14/3/2000
Ngy thi:
gian giao )
Cu I:
Cho s sau:
A
n - Butan
axeton
1,4-ibrom-2-buten
550-6000C
B1
D1
C1
1)CH2
A1
B2
Mg
ete khan
C2
glixerin trinitrat
CH2
O
2) H3O +
D2
isoamylaxetat
A, A1, B, B1, B2 ... D2 l cc hp cht hu c.

1) Hy ghi cc cht cn thit v iu kin phn ng trn cc mi tn.
2) Vit cng thc cu to ca tt c cc hp cht hu c s trn.
3) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng to thnh glixerin trinitrat t n-butan theo s
trn.
Cu II:
1) Tm hp cht hu c A, B, C, D, E, G, H, I u cha 35,56%C; 5,19%H; 59,26%Br
trong phn t v u c t khi hi so vi nit l 4,822. un nng A hoc B vi dd
NaOH u thu c anchit n-butiric, un nng C hoc D vi dd NaOH u thu c
etylmetylxeton. A bn hn B, C bn hn D, E bn hn G, H v I u c cc nguyn
t C* trong phn t.
a. Vit cng thc cu trc ca A, B, C, D, E, G, H v I.
b. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
2) Hai xicloankan M v N u c t khi hi so vi metan bng 5,25. Khi monoclo ho
(c chiu sng) th M cho 4 hp cht, N ch cho 1 hp cht duy nht.
a.Hy xc nh cng thc cu to ca M v N.
b. Gi tn cc sn phm to thnh theo danh php IUPAC.

Trang:23
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c. Cho bit cu dng bn nht ca hp cht to thnh t N, gii thch.

COOH
Cu III:
COOH
HOOC - CH2 - C - CH2 - COOH
1) Axit xitric hay l axit limonic
OH
3,13
c cc gi tr pKa l 4,76;
v 6,40. Hy gi tn axit ny theo danh php IUPAC v ghi (c gii thch) tng gi tr
pKa vo nhm chc thch hp.
2) un nng axit xitric ti 176oC thu c axit aconitic (C6H6O6). Kh axit aconitic sinh ra
axit tricacbalylic (hay l axit propan-1,2,3-tricacboxylic). Nu tip tc un nng axit
aconitic s thu c hn hp gm axit itaconic (C5H6O4, khng c ng phn hnh hc)
v axit xitraconic (C5H6O4 c ng phn hnh hc); hai axit ny chuyn ho ngay
thnh cc hp cht mch vng cng c cng thc phn t C5H4O3.
Hy vit s cc phn ng xy ra di dng cc cng thc cu to v cho bit axit
aconitic c ng phn hnh hc hay khng?
3)Ngi ta c th tng hp axit xitric xut pht t axeton v cc ho cht v c cn
thit. Hy vit s cc phn ng xy ra.
Cu IV:
1) X l mt isaccarit khng kh c AgNO3 trong dd amoniac. Khi thu phn X sinh
ra sn phm duy nht l M (D-andoz, c cng thc vng dng ). M ch khc Driboz cu hnh nguyn t C2.
H O
CH OH
CH I
HCl3 xt N baz 3xt Q xt 2H+ dn xut 2,3,4-tri-O-metyl ca M
M
a. Xc nh cng thc ca M, N, Q v X (dng vng phng).
b. Hy vit s cc phn ng xy ra.
2) t chy 0,2 mol hp cht A thuc loi tp chc thu c 26,2 gam kh CO2; 12,6 gam
hi H2O v 2,24 lt kh N2 (ktc). Nu t chy 1 mol A cn 3,75 mol O2.
a. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A.
b. Xc nh cng thc cu to v tn ca A. Bit rng A c tnh cht l ng tnh, phn
ng vi axit nit gii phng nit; vi ancol etylic c axit lm xc tc to thnh hp cht
c cng thc C5H11O2N. Khi un nng A chuyn thnh hp cht vng c cng thc
C6H10N2O2. Hy vit y cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra v ghi iu kin (nu
c). A c ng phn loi g?
Cu V:
1) C 5 l ng ring bit cc cht: cumen hay l isopropylbenzen (A), ancol benzylic
(B), anisol hay l metyl phenyl ete (C), benzanehit (D) v axit benzoic (E). Bit (A),
(B), (C), (D) l cc cht lng.
a. Hy sp xp th t tng dn nhit si, gii thch.
b. Trong qu trnh bo qun cc cht trn, c 1 l ng cht lng thy xut hin tinh
th. Hy gii thch hin tng bng phng trnh phn ng ho hc.
c. Hy cho bit cc cp cht no ni trn c th phn ng vi nhau. Vit cc ph ng
trnh phn ng v ghi iu kin (nu c).
2) Trong qu trnh iu ch metyl tert-butyl ete (MTBE) t ancol, ngi ta thu c
thm 2 sn phm khc.
a. Vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch MTBE t hirocacbon.
b. Vit cng thc cu to 2 sn phm ni trn.
c. Vit cng thc cu to cc sn phm sinh ra v phng trnh phn ng khi cho
MTBE tc dng vi HI.

Trang:24
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3) C 1 hn hp cc cht rn gm: p-toluiin (p-metylanilin), axit benzoic, naphtalen.

Trnh by ngn gn phng php ho hc tch ring tng cht.
B Gio Dc V o To
thi chnh thc

Ngy thi: 14/3/2001
Cu I (4 im):
1. Phng php sunfat c th iu ch c cht no: HF , HCl , HBr , HI ? Nu c
cht khng iu ch c bng phng php ny, hy gii thch ti sao?
Vit cc phng trnh phn ng v ghi r iu kin (nu c) minh ho.
2. Trong dy oxiaxit ca clo, axit hipoclor l quan trng nht. axit hipoclor c
cc tnh cht: a) Tnh axit rt yu, yu hn axit cacbonic; b) C tnh oxi ho mnh
lit; c) Rt d b phn tch khi c nh sng mt tri, khi un nng. Hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng minh ho cc tnh cht .
3. C cc dung dch (b mt nhn) : a) BaCl2 ; b) NH4Cl ; c) K2S ; d) Al2(SO4)3 ; e)
MgSO4 ; g) KCl ; h) ZnCl2 . c dng thm dung dch phenolphtalein (khong pH chuyn
mu t 8 - 10) hoc metyl da cam (khong pH chuyn mu t 3,1 - 4,4).
Hy nhn bit mi dung dch trn, vit cc phng trnh ion (nu c) gii
thch.
4. Tm cch loi sch tp cht kh c trong kh khc v vit cc phng trnh
phn ng xy ra: a) CO c trong CO2 ; b) H2S c trong HCl ; c) HCl c trong H2S ;
d) HCl c trong SO2 ; e) SO3 c trong SO2 .
Cu II (3,5 im):
1. Hy dng k hiu lng t biu din cc trng hp s lng electron trong mt
obitan nguyn t.
2. Mi phn t XY3 c tng cc ht proton, ntron, electron bng 196; trong ,
s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 60, s ht mang in ca X
t hn s ht mang in ca Y l 76.
a) Hy xc nh k hiu ho hc ca X,Y v XY3 .
b) Vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t X,Y.
c) Da vo phn ng oxi ho - kh v phn ng trao i, hy vit phng trnh
phn ng (ghi r iu kin, nu c) cc trng hp xy ra to thnh XY3.
Cu III (5 im):
1. Hon thnh phng trnh phn ng a) , b) sau y. Cho bit cc cp oxi ho
- kh lin quan n phn ng v so snh cc gi tr Eo ca chng.
a) Zn[Hg(SCN)4] + IO3- + ClICl + SO42- + HCN + Zn2+ + Hg2+
b) Cu(NH3)m2+ + CN- + OHCu(CN)2- +
CNO- +
H2O
2. Dung dch X c cht tan l mui M(NO 3)2 . Ngi ta dng 200ml dung dch
K3PO4 va phn ng vi 200ml dung dch X, thu c kt ta M3(PO4)2 v dung dch
Y. Khi lng kt ta ( c sy kh) khc khi lng M(NO3)2 ban u l 6,825 gam.
in phn 400 ml dung dch X bng dng in I = 2 ampe ti khi thy khi lng
catt khng tng thm na th dng, c dung dch Z. Gi thit s in phn c
hiu sut 100%.
a) Hy tm nng ion ca dung dch X, dung dch Y, dung dch Z. Cho bit
cc gn ng phi chp nhn khi tnh nng dung dch Y, dung dch Z.

Trang:25
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b) Tnh thi gian (theo giy) in phn.

c) Tnh th tch kh thu c 27,3oC , 1atm trong s in phn.
Cu IV (4 im):
1. Sunfuryl iclorua SO2Cl2 l ho cht ph bin trong phn ng clo ho. Ti
350oC, 2 atm phn ng
SO2Cl2 (kh)
SO2 (kh)
+
Cl2 (kh)
(1)
C Kp = 50 .
a) Hy cho bit n v ca tr s v gii thch: hng s cn bng Kp ny phi
c n v nh vy.
b) Tnh phn trm theo th tch SO 2Cl2(kh) cn li khi (1) t ti cn bng
iu kin cho.
c) Ban u dng 150 mol SO2Cl2(kh), tnh s mol Cl2(kh) thu c khi (1) t ti
cn bng.
Cc kh c coi l kh l tng.
2. a) Tnh in li ca dung dch CH3NH2 0,010M.
b) in li thay i ra sao khi
- Pha long dung dch ra 50 ln.
- Khi c mt NaOH 0,0010M.
- Khi c mt CH3COOH 0,0010M.
- Khi c mt HCOONa 1,00M.
+
Bit:
CH3NH2 + H+
;
K = 1010,64
CH3NH3

CH3COO + H+
CH3COOH
;
K = 10-4,76
Cu V(3,5 im):
Phn ng
S2O82- + 2 I 2 SO42- + I2
(1)
c kho st bng thc nghim nh sau: Trn dung dch KI vi dung dch h tinh bt,
dung dch S2O32- ; sau thm dung dch S2O82- vo dung dch trn. Cc dung dch
u c nng ban u thch hp.
1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra; ti sao dung dch t khng mu
chuyn sang mu xanh lam?
2. Ngi ta thu c s liu sau y:
Thi gian th nghim(theo
Nng I- (theo mol . l -1)
giy)
0
1,000
20
0,752
50
0,400
80
0,010
Dng s liu , hy tnh tc trung bnh ca phn ng (1).
B Gio Dc V o To
thi chnh thc

Ngy thi: 15/3/2001
Cu I (5 im):
1. Xut pht t brombenzen cha 14 C v tr 1 v cc ho cht v c cn thit
khng cha 14 C, hy iu ch cc hp cht thm cha 14 C v tr 3 :
a) Anilin ;

Trang:26
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b) Iotbenzen ; c) Axit benzoic.

2. Hon thnh s cc phn ng sau v gi tn cc sn phm t A n F :
Na2Cr2O4
2H
C
D
Cl2 (1 mol)
H2O
Benzen (1mol)
A
B
FeCl3
t0C, p
HNO3
Fe, HCl
E
F
3. Khi oxi ho etylenglicol bng HNO3 th to thnh mt hn hp 5 cht. Hy
vit cng thc cu to phn t ca 5 cht v sp xp theo trt t gim dn nhit
si ca chng (c gii thch).
N
Cu II (4 im):
Xinconiin (X) c cng thc cu to :
CH = CH2
9
l ng phn lp th C9 ca xinconin (Y).
C HOH 1. Hy ghi du * vo mi nguyn t cacbon
bt i v khoanh vng trn nguyn t nit c tnh baz mnh nht trong phn
t X.
2. Cho t t dung dch HBr vo X nhit phng ri un nng nh, sinh ra cc
sn phm chnh l A (C19H23BrON2) , B (C19H24Br2ON2) , C (C19H25Br3ON2)
, v
D (C19H24Br4N2). Ch ho D vi dung dch KOH trong ru 90o thu c E (C19H20N2)
Hy vit cng thc cu to ca A , B , C , D , E. Ghi du * vo mi nguyn t
cacbon bt i trong phn t D v E.
3. Cho C6H5COCl vo X v Y thu c sn phm u c cng thc C26H26N2O2
(t l F v G). F v G c ng nht (cng l mt cht) hay khng? Chng c nhit
nng chy ging hay khc nhau? ti sao?
Cu III (4 im):
1.C mt hn hp protit gm pepsin (pH I = 1,1), hemoglobin (pHI = 6,8) v
prolamin (pHI = 12,0). Khi tin hnh in di dung dch protit nu trn pH = 7,0 th
thu c 3 vt cht (xem hnh):
Xut pht
Cc
Cc
A
B
C
Cho bit mi vt cht c trng cho protit no ? Gii thch.
2. Khi thu phn hon ton 1 mol tripeptit X thu c 2 mol axit glutamic
( HOOC(CH2)2CH(NH2)COOH ), 1 mol alanin ( CH3CH(NH2)COOH ) v 1 mol NH3. X khng
phn ng vi 2,4-initroflobenzen v X ch c mt nhm cacboxyl t do. Thu phn X
nh enzim cacboxipeptiaza thu c alanin v mt ipeptit Y.
Vit cng thc cu to ca X , Y v gi tn chng.
Cu IV (4,5 im):
Melexitoz (C18H32O16) l ng khng kh, c trong mt ong. Khi thu phn
hon ton 1 mol melexitoz bng axit s nhn c 2 mol D-glucoz v 1 mol Dfructoz. Khi thu phn khng hon ton s nhn c D-glucoz v isaccarit
turanoz. Khi thu phn nh enzim mantaza s to thnh D-glucoz v D-fructoz,
cn khi thu phn nh enzim khc s nhn c saccaroz.
Metyl ho 1 mol melexitoz ri thu phn s nhn c 1 mol 1,4,6-tri-O-metyl-Dfructoz v 2 mol 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-metyl-D-glucoz.
1. Hy vit cng thc cu trc ca melexitoz. Vit cng thc cu trc v gi tn
h thng ca turanoz.

Trang:27
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2. Hy ch ra rng, vic khng hnh thnh fomanehit trong sn phm oxi ho

bng HIO4 chng t c cu trc furanoz hoc piranoz i vi mt xch fructoz v
piranoz hoc heptanoz (vng 7 cnh) i vi mt xch glucoz.
3. Cn bao nhiu mol HIO 4 phn hu hai mt xch glucoz c cu trc
heptanoz v s nhn c bao nhiu mol axit fomic?
Cu V (2,5 im):
1. Clorofom tip xc vi khng kh ngoi nh sng s b oxi ha thnh photgen
rt c. nga c ngi ta bo qun clorofom bng cch cho thm mt lng nh
ancol etylic chuyn photgen thnh cht khng c.
Vit phng trnh phn ng oxi ha clorofom bng oxi khng kh thnh
photgen, phn ng ca photgen vi ancol etylic v gi tn sn phm.
2. un nng vi git clorofom vi lng d dung dch NaOH, sau nh thm vi
git dung dch KMnO4 thy hn hp xut hin mu xanh. Vit cc phng trnh phn
ng v gii thch s xut hin mu xanh.
3. Khi tin hnh iu ch axit lactic t anehit axetic v axit xianhiric, ngoi
sn phm mong mun ta cn thu c hp cht X (C6H8O4). Vit cng thc cu to ca X
v cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
1. Vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch D-fructoz t D-glucoz, bit rng Dglucozazon khi tc dng vi benzandehit to thnh ozon ca D-glucoz
(HOCH2(CHOH)3COCHO).
2. Chitin (tch t v tm, cua...) c coi nh l dn xut ca xenluloz, trong cc
nhm hidroxyl cc nguyn t C2 c thay th bng cc nhm axetylamino ( -NHCO-CH3 ).
a) Vit cng thc cu to mt on mch ca phn t chitin.
b) Gi tn mt mt xch ca chitin.
c) Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra khi un nng chitin vi dung dch HCl
c (d), un nng chitin vi dung dch NaOH c (d).
Cu III (5 im): (thay cu III bng A, dng cho bng B)
1. Cho hn hp ng phn t gm axit benzoic v axit p-metoxibenzoic tc
dng vi hn hp HNO3 c v H2SO4 c.
Vit cng thc cu to hai sn phm mononitro chnh v cho bit cht no to
thnh vi s mol nhiu hn? Hy so snh tnh axit ca cc cht gm hai axit u v
hai sn phm, gii thch.
2. C cc hp cht sau: H3NCH2COO (A)
, H2NCH2CONH2 (B) , H2N-CONH2 (C) , CH3CHOHCOOH (D). Cho bit tng hp cht trn thuc loi hp cht c
chc hu c no? Vit phng trnh phn ng ca tng hp cht trn vi:
a) Dung dch HCl (d, nng)
;
b) Dung dch NaOH (d, nng).
b gio dc v o to
thi chnh thc
k thi chn hc sinh gii quc gia

lp 12 thpt nm hc 2000-2001
Mn : ho hc Bng B
Thi gian : 180 pht ( khng k thi gian giao )

Ngy thi : 13 / 3 / 2001
Cu I (5 im):
1. Xut pht t brombenzen cha 14 C v tr 1 v cc ho cht v c cn thit khng
cha 14 C, hy iu ch cc hp cht thm cha 14 C v tr 3 :
a) Anilin ;

Trang:28
*********************************************************************************************************************************
b) Iotbenzen ; c) Axit benzoic.

2. Hon thnh s cc phn ng sau v gi tn cc sn phm t A n F :
Na2Cr2O4
2H
Cl2 (1 mol)
H2 O
C
D
Benzen (1 mol)
A
B
FeCl3
tO , p
HNO3 (1 mol)
Fe, HCl
E
F
3. Khi oxi ho etylenglicol bng HNO3 th to thnh mt hn hp 5 cht. Hy vit cng
thc cu to phn t ca 5 cht v sp xp theo trt t gim dn nhit si
ca chng (c gii thch).
Cu II (3,5 im):
Xinconiin (X) c cng thc cu to :
N
9
CH=CH2
C HOH
l ng phn lp th C9 ca xinconin (Y).
N
1. Hy ghi du vo mi nguyn t cacbon bt i v khoanh vng trn nguyn t
nit c tnh baz mnh nht trong phn t X.
2. Cho t t dung dch HBr vo X nhit phng ri un nng nh, sinh ra cc
sn phm chnh l A (C19H23BrON2) , B (C19H24Br2ON2) , C (C19H25Br3ON2) , v
D (C19H24Br4N2). Ch ho D vi dung dch KOH trong ru 90o thu c E (C19H20N2)
Hy vit cng thc cu to ca A , B , C , D , E. Ghi du vo mi nguyn t
cacbon bt i trong phn t D v E.
Cu III (5 im):
1. Cho hn hp ng phn t gm axit benzoic v axit p-metoxibenzoic tc
dng vi hn hp HNO3 c v H2SO4 c.
Vit cng thc cu to hai sn phm mononitro chnh v cho bit cht no to
thnh vi s mol nhiu hn? Hy so snh tnh axit ca cc cht gm hai axit u v
hai sn phm, gii thch.
2. C cc hp cht sau:
H 3NCH2COO (A)
, H2NCH2CONH2(B) , H2N-CONH2 (C) , CH3CHOHCOOH (D). Cho bit tng hp cht trn thuc loi hp cht c chc
hu c no? Vit phng trnh phn ng ca tng hp cht trn vi :
a) Dung dch HCl (d, nng)
;
b) Dung dch NaOH (d, nng).
Cu IV (4,5 im):
1. Vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch D-fructoz t D-glucoz, bit rng
D-glucozazon khi tc dng vi benzanehit to thnh ozon ca D-glucoz
(HOCH2(CHOH)3COCHO).
2. Chitin (tch t v tm, cua...) c coi nh l dn xut ca xenluloz, trong
cc nhm hiroxyl cc nguyn t C2 c thay th bng cc nhm axetylamino
( -NH-CO-CH3 ).
d) Vit cng thc cu to mt on mch ca phn t chitin.
e) Gi tn mt mt xch ca chitin.
c) Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra khi un nng chitin vi dung dch HCl
c (d), un nng chitin vi dung dch NaOH c (d).

Trang:29
*********************************************************************************************************************************
Cu V (2 im):
1. Clorofom tip xc vi khng kh ngoi nh sng s b oxi ha thnh photgen
rt c. nga c ngi ta bo qun clorofom bng cch cho thm mt lng nh
ancol etylic chuyn photgen thnh cht khng c.
Vit phng trnh phn ng oxi ha clorofom bng oxi khng kh thnh
photgen, phn ng ca photgen vi ancol etylic v gi tn sn phm.
2. un nng vi git clorofom vi lng d dung dch NaOH, sau nh thm vi
git dung dch KMnO4 thy hn hp xut hin mu xanh. Vit cc phng trnh phn
ng v gii thch s xut hin mu xanh.
b gio dc v o to

lp 12 thpt nm hc 2000-2001
thi d b
Mn : ho hc Bng A
Ngy thi th nht : ( theo quyt nh v thng bo ca B)
Cu I :
1. Vit cc phng trnh ho hc t Na2Cr2O7 , C (than ), Al (bt nhm) v cc
iu kin cn thit thu c Cr.
2. CrO2Cl2 (cromyl clorua) l mt ho cht quan trng. Hy vit cc phng trnh
ho hc to ra CrO2Cl2 t:
a) CrO3 tc dng vi axit HCl.
b) Cho K2Cr2O7 tc dng vi KCl tronh H2SO4 c, nng.
3. Thm cht thch hp v hon thnh phng trnh ho hc sau:
a) KNO2 + KNO3 + ?
K2CrO4 + NO
b) NaNO2 + ?
+ NaI
I2 + NaHSO4 + NO + H2O
c) HNO3 + P2O5
? + N2O5
Cu II :
1. Vn dng l thuyt Bronstet v axit baz hy gii thch tnh axit baz
trong dung dch nc ca cc cht sau:
a) BaCl2
;
b) K2S
;
c) NH4HS
;
d) NaHSO3
2. Hy trnh by 3 th nghim minh ho tnh cht axit baz trong mi dung
dch : a) NH4HSO4
;
b) Na2CO3 (m t cch th nghim v gii thch).
3. Cho NaOH (d) vo hn hp X gm c Zn 2+ ; Pb2+ ; Fe3+ ; Cu2+ ;
Mg2+ ;
NO3- s c kt ta A v dung dch B.
Hy nu phng php ho hc xc nhn cc cht c mt trong kt ta A v
dung dch B(nu r nhn bit) Vit phng trnh ion ca cc phn ng xy ra.
Cu III :
1. Thm dn dung dch NaOH vo dung dch cha H + 0,100M ; Fe3+ 1,0.10-3M
v Mg2+ 0,100M cho n d. Cho bit c hin tng g xy ra?
2. Gi s tng nng NaOH cho vo l 0,2030 M. Hy tnh nng cc ion
trong dung dch (khi tnh khng k s to phc hiroxo ca cc ion kim loi).
Cho: Tch s tan Mg(OH)2: 10 10,95
Fe(OH)3 : 10 37,5.
Cu IV :
1. Hai mui ca cng mt axit lm i mu khc nhau i vi giy qu tm, to
kt ta trng vi nc vi trong v to kt ta vng vi dung dch AgNO 3 l nhng mui
no? Vit cc phng trnh phn ng chng minh.

Trang:30
*********************************************************************************************************************************
2. a) Nu dn chng c th cho thy Cu2O bn vi nhit hn CuO v CuCl bn vi

nhit hn CuCl2 , gii thch nguyn nhn.
b) Nu dn chng c th cho thy trong nc CuCl km bn hn CuCl2 , gii
thch nguyn nhn.
c) Th in cc chun ca cp Cu 2+/ Cu+ l 0,15V, ca cp I2/ 2I- l 0,54V nhng
ti sao ngi ta c th nh lng ion Cu2+ trong dung dch nc thng qua tc dng ca
ion vi dung dch KI? Cho bit dung dch bo ho ca CuI trong nc nhit thng c nng l10-6M.
Cu V :
1. Hy thit lp s pin sao cho khi pin phng in th xy ra phn ng kh
ion Fe3+ bi Cu . Vit phng trnh cc na phn ng xy ra ti cc in cc.
2. Tnh sc in ng tiu chun ca pin (Eopin)
khi pin mi bt u hot
ng.
3. Tnh nng cc cht cn li trong cc dung dch khi pin phng in hon
ton (gi s nng cc cht trc phn ng u bng 0,010M).
4. Sc in ng ca pin s tng hay gim nu:
- Thm mt t KI
- Thm t NH3
vo dung dch cc ng (dung dch A).
- Thm mt t KMnO4 (mi trng axit)
- Thm t NaF
- Thm t NaOH
vo dung dch ca cc cha Fe3+ (dung dch B).
Cho Eo Cu2+/ Cu+ = 0,34V ; Eo Cu+/ Cu = 0,52V
Eo Fe3+/ Fe2+ = 0,77V ; Eo Fe2+/ Fe = - 0,40V
b gio dc v o to

lp 12 thpt nm hc 2000-2001
thi d b
Mn : ho hc Bng B
Ngy thi th nht : ( theo quyt nh v thng bo ca B)
Cu I :
1. Vit cc phng trnh ho hc t Na2Cr2O7 , C (than ), Al (bt nhm) v cc
iu kin cn thit thu c Cr.
2. CrO2Cl2 (cromyl clorua) l mt ho cht quan trng. Hy vit cc phng trnh
ho hc to ra CrO2Cl2 t:
a) CrO3 tc dng vi axit HCl.
b) Cho K2Cr2O7 tc dng vi KCl tronh H2SO4 c, nng.
3. Thm cht thch hp v hon thnh phng trnh ho hc sau:
a) KNO2 + KNO3 + ?
K2CrO4 + NO
b) NaNO2 + ?
+ NaI
I2 + NaHSO4 + NO + H2O
c) HNO3 + P2O5
? + N2O5
Cu II :
1. Vn dng l thuyt Bronstet v axit-baz hy gii thch tnh axit-baz trong
dung dch nc ca cc cht sau:
a) BaCl2
;
b) K2S
;
c) NH4HS
;
d) NaHSO3

Trang:31
*********************************************************************************************************************************
2. Hy trnh by 3 th nghim minh ho tnh cht axit baz trong mi dung

dch : a) NH4HSO4
;
b) Na2CO3 (m t cch th nghim v gii thch).
3. Cho NaOH (d) vo hn hp X gm c Zn 2+ ; Pb2+ ; Fe3+ ; Cu2+ ;
Mg2+ ;
3NO s c kt ta A v dung dch B.
Hy nu phng php ho hc xc nhn cc cht c mt trong kt ta A v
dung dch B (nu r nhn bit) Vit phng trnh ion ca cc phn ng xy ra.
Cu III :
1. Thm dn dung dch NaOH vo dung dch cha H + 0,100M ; Fe3+ 1,0.10-3M
v Mg2+ 0,100M cho n d. Cho bit c hin tng g xy ra?
2. Gi s tng nng NaOH cho vo l 0,2030 M. Hy tnh nng cc ion
trong dung dch (khi tnh khng k s to phc hiroxo ca cc ion kim loi).
Cho: Tch s tan Mg(OH)2: 10 10,95
Fe(OH)3 : 10 37,5.
Cu IV :
1. Hai mui ca cng mt axit lm i mu khc nhau i vi giy qu tm, to
kt ta trng vi nc vi trong v to kt ta vng vi dung dch AgNO 3 l nhng mui
no? Vit cc phng trnh phn ng chng minh.
2. a) Nu dn chng c th cho thy Cu2O bn vi nhit hn CuO v CuCl bn vi
nhit hn CuCl2 , gii thch nguyn nhn.
b) Nu dn chng c th cho thy trong nc CuCl km bn hn CuCl2 , gii
thch nguyn nhn.
c) Th in cc chun ca cp Cu 2+/ Cu+ l 0,15V, ca cp I2/ 2I- l 0,54V nhng
ti sao ngi ta c th nh lng ion Cu2+ trong dung dch nc thng qua tc dng ca
ion vi dung dch KI? Cho bit dung dch bo ho ca CuI trong nc nhit thng c nng l10 -6M.
b gio dc v o to

lp 12 thpt nm hc 2000-2001
thi d b
Mn : ho hc Bng A
Ngy thi th hai : ( theo quyt nh v thng bo ca B)
Cu I :
1.Vit cc phng trnh phn ng (nu c) ca:
a) Axit axetic (pKa = 4,76) , phenol (pKa = 10) vi :
- Dung dch NaHCO3
- Dung dch Na2CO3
Bit H2CO3 c pKa1 = 6,4 v pKa2 = 10,3
b) Dung dch CH3COONa , dung dch C6H5ONa vi CO2
2. Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng (cc sn phm vit dng cng thc
cu to) theo cc s chuyn ho sau:
CH3OH(dung mi)
a)
C6H5CH=CH2
+
Br2
A
+
B
H2SO4 , to
b)
C6H5CH=CH2
C(C16H16)
Nu tn cc c ch ca phn ng a) v b).
COOH

Trang:32
*********************************************************************************************************************************
f) C6H5ONa
CO2
M
6 at, 125oC
H+
(CH3CO)2O
OCOCH3
(Aspirin)
Cu II :
Hp cht thin nhin X cha 66,67% cacbon; 6,67% hiro; cn li l oxi. Bit
phn t khi ca X l 180.
X tc dng vi (CH3CO)2O cho A(C14H16O5), vi HBr lnh cho B (C10H11BrO2, gm
hai ng phn c to B1 v B2), vi CH3I (c mt baz) cho D (C11H14O3),vi HI nng
cho CH3I , v vi O3 ri Zn / HCl (dung dch) cho E (C8H8O3).
E tc dng vi HI nng cng cho CH3I, ngoi ra E cn kh c AgNO3. X , B , v E
tan trong dung dch NaOH nhng khng tan trong dung dch NaHCO3.
A v D khng tan trong dung dch NaOH nhng d lm mt mu KMnO4 long
ngui v brom long.
1. Xc nh cng thc phn t v cc nhm chc c trong phn t X.
2. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca X , A , B , D v E ; bit rng E l ng phn
c pKa gn thp nht.
3. Dng cc cng thc cu to thu gn vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
Gii thch ti sao sinh ra hai ng phn ca B.
4. Gi tn X , B1 , E.
Cu III :
1. Vit phng trnh phn ng monoclo ho sec-butyl clorua, gi tn cc sn
phm to thnh.
2. Nu xut pht t (S)-sec-butyl clorua th s nhn c bao nhiu hp cht
quang hot? Vit cng thc cu to v gi tn theo danh php R , S.
3. Hon thnh s cc phn ng sau v gi tn cc sn phm :
Cl2 (1 mol) HNO3 (1 mol)
HN(C2H5)2
Fe, HCl
a)
Benzen (1 mol)
A
B
C
D
AlCl3
H2SO4
CH3I (1 mol)
HNO3 (1 mol)
Fe, HCl
G
b) Phenol (1 mol)
E
F
ClCH2COOH
H
Cu IV :
Thnh phn chnh ca tinh du hi l anetol (C10H12O). Cho anetol phn ng vi
dung dch KMnO4 trong nc th to thnh kali axetat, kali p-metoxi benzoat v MnO2.
1. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca anetol, vit cng thc cu trc cc ng
phn khng gian c th c v gi tn IUPAC ca chng.
2. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra v ngh cch tch ly axit pmetoxi benzoic t hn hp sau phn ng.
3. Dng cng thc cu to, hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng ca anetol vi: a)
Br2/ CCl4
;
b) HCl
;
c) Cl2 + H2O
4. Khi un nng vi xc tc, anetol thng b ho nha. Hy gii thch.
b gio dc v o to

Trang:33
*********************************************************************************************************************************
lp 12 thpt nm hc 2000-2001
thi d b
Mn : ho hc Bng B
Ngy thi th hai : ( theo quyt nh v thng bo ca B)
Cu I :
1.Vit cc phng trnh phn ng (nu c) ca:
a) Axit axetic (pKa = 4,76) , phenol (pKa = 10) vi :
- Dung dch NaHCO3
- Dung dch Na2CO3
Bit H2CO3 c pKa1 = 6,4 v pKa2 = 10,3
b) Dung dch CH3COONa , dung dch C6H5ONa vi CO2
2. Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng (cc sn phm vit dng cng thc
cu to) theo cc s chuyn ho sau:
CH3OH(dung mi)
a)
C6H5CH=CH2
+
Br2
A
+
B
H2SO4 , to
b)
C6H5CH=CH2
C(C16H16)
Nu tn cc c ch ca phn ng a) v b).
COOH
CO2
H+
(CH3CO)2O
OCOCH3
g) C6H5ONa
M
6 at, 125oC
(Aspirin)
Cu II :
Hp cht thin nhin X cha 66,67% cacbon; 6,67% hiro; cn li l oxi. Bit
phn t khi ca X l 180.
X tc dng vi (CH3CO)2O cho A(C14H16O5), vi HBr lnh cho B (C10H11BrO2, gm
hai ng phn c to B1 v B2), vi CH3I (c mt baz) cho D (C11H14O3),vi HI nng
cho CH3I , v vi O3 ri Zn / HCl (dung dch) cho E (C8H8O3).
E tc dng vi HI nng cng cho CH3I, ngoi ra E cn kh c AgNO3. X , B , v E
tan trong dung dch NaOH nhng khng tan trong dung dch NaHCO3.
A v D khng tan trong dung dch NaOH nhng d lm mt mu KMnO4 long
ngui v bom long.
1. Xc nh cng thc phn t v cc nhm chc c trong phn t X.
2. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca X , A , B , D v E ; bit rng E l ng phn
c pKa gn thp nht.
Cu III :
1. Vit phng trnh phn ng monoclo ho sec-butyl clorua, gi tn cc sn
phm to thnh.
2. Hon thnh s cc phn ng sau v gi tn cc sn phm :
Cl2 (1 mol)
HNO3 (1 mol)
HN(C2H5)2
Fe, HCl
a) Benzen (1 mol)
A
B
C
D
AlCl3
H2SO4
CH3I (1 mol)
HNO3 (1 mol)
Fe, HCl

Trang:34
*********************************************************************************************************************************
b) Phenol (1 mol)
F
ClCH2COOH
H
Cu IV :
Thnh phn chnh ca tinh du hi l anetol (C10H12O). Cho anetol phn ng vi
dung dch KMnO4 trong nc th to thnh kali axetat, kali p-metoxi benzoat v MnO2.
1. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca anetol, vit cng thc cu trc cc ng
phn khng gian c th c v gi tn IUPAC ca chng.
2. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra v ngh cch tch ly axit pmetoxi benzoic t hn hp sau phn ng.
3. Dng cng thc cu to, hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng ca anetol vi: a)
Br2/ CCl4
;
b) HCl
;
c) Cl2 + H2O
4. Khi un nng vi xc tc, anetol thng b ho nha. Hy gii thch.
b gio dc v o to

lp 12 thpt nm hc 2001-2002
E THI CHNH THC

Mn : ho hc Bng A
Ngy thi :
13 / 3 / 2002
Cu I:(4 im)
1. Khi xiclotrime ho 1,3-butaien vi s c mt ca cht xc tc c kim, ngi ta
iu ch c (Z, E, E)-1,5,9-xiclooecatrien. y l mt phng php n gin
iu ch hidrocacbon vng ln. Khi dng cht xc tc thch hp l cc phc alyl ca kim loi chuyn tip ngi ta iu ch c (E, E, E)-1,5,9-xiclododecatrien
v (Z, Z, E)-1,5,9-xiclododecatrien. Hy vit cng thc cu to ca 3 hp cht trn.
2. Sp xp s tng dn tnh baz (c gii thch) ca cc cht trong tng dy sau:
(a) CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH, CH2=CH-CH2-NH2, CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2, CHC-CH2-NH2 .
(b)
-NH-CH3 ,
-CH2-NH2 , C6H5-CH2-NH2, p-O2N-C6H4-NH2.
Cu II: (5,5 im)
1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng theo s chuyn ho sau (cc cht t A, ... G2 l
cc hp cht hu c, vit dng cng thc cu to):
Fe
Cl2 (1 mol)
Mg
1) Etilen oxit
H2SO4 Br2 (1 mol)
E1 + E2
C6H5-CH3
A
B
C
D
(1 mol)
a.s.
ete khan
2) H2O/H+
15OC
(1 mol)
a.s.
G 1 + G2
2. (3,5 im). Vit s phn ng iu ch cc hp cht sau y, ghi r cc iu

kin phn ng (nu c):
a) T etanol v cc ho cht v c cn thit, iu ch:
(A) Propin (khng qu 8 giai on).
(B) 1,1-icloetan (qua 4 giai on).
b) T benzen v cc cht v c, hu c (cha khng qu 3 nguyn t cacbon), iu
ch:
(C)
(D)
Cu III: (2,5 im)

Trang:35
*********************************************************************************************************************************
Hp cht hu c A c cng thc phn t C7H9N. Cho A phn ng vi

C2H5Br (d), sau vi NaOH thu c hp cht B c cng thc phn t C11H17N.
Nu cng cho A phn ng vi C2H5Br nhng c xc tc AlCl3 (khan) th to ra hp cht C
c cng cng thc phn t vi B (C11H17N). Cho A phn ng vi H2SO4 (c) 180oC to
hp cht D c cng thc phn t C7H9O6S2N, sau khi ch ho D vi NaOH 300oC ri vi
HCl s cho sn phm E (E c phn ng mu vi FeCl3). Mt khc, nu cho A phn ng
vi NaNO2 trong HCl 5oC, ri cho phn ng vi -naphtol trong dung dch NaOH th
thu c sn phm c mu G.
Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A, B, C, D, E, G v vit cc phng trnh phn ng
(nu c) minh ho.
Cu IV: (5,5 im)
Thu phn mt protein (protit) thu c mt s aminoaxit c cng thc v pK a
nh sau:
Ala CH3CH(NH2)COOH (2,34; 9,69);
Pro
COOH (1,99; 10,60);
Ser HOCH2CH(NH2)COOH (2,21; 9,15);
Asp HOOCCH2CH(NH2)COOH (1,88; 3,65;9,60);

Orn H2NCH23CH(NH2)COOH (2,10; 8,90; 10,50);
Arg H2NC(=NH)NHCH23CH(NH2)COOH (2,17; 9,04; 12,48);
1. Vit tn IUPAC v cng thc Fis pHI ca Arg, Asp, Orn. Trn mi cng thc hy
ghi (trong ngoc) gi tr pKa bn cnh nhm chc thch hp. Bit nhm
-NHC(=NH)NH2 c tn l guaniino.
2. Ala v Asp c trong thnh phn cu to ca aspactam (mt cht c ngt cao
hn saccaroz ti 160 ln). Thu phn hon ton aspactam thu c Ala, Asp v
CH3OH. Cho aspactam tc dng vi 2,4-initroflobenzen ri thu phn th c dn
xut 2,4-initrophenyl ca Asp v mt sn phm c cng thc C 4H9NO2. Vit cng
thc Fis v tn y ca aspactam, bit rng nhm -COOH ca Asp khng cn
t do.
3. Arg, Pro v Ser c trong thnh phn cu to ca nonapeptit braikinin. Thu phn
braikinin sinh ra Pro-Pro-Gly ; Ser-Pro-Phe ; Gly-Phe-Ser ; Pro-Phe-Arg ; Arg-Pro-Pro ;
Pro-Gly-Phe ; Phe-Ser-Pro.
a) Dng k hiu 3 ch ci (Arg, Pro, Gly,...), cho bit trnh t cc aminoaxit trong
phn t braikinin.
b) Vit cng thc Fis v cho bit nonapeptit ny c gi tr pH I trong khong no? (
6; <6; << 6; > 6; >> 6).
Cu V: (2,5 im)
1.
Oxi ho 150 mg amiloz bi NaIO4 thu c 0,0045 mmol axit fomic.

(a) Tnh s lng trung bnh cc gc glucoz trong phn t
CHO
H
OH
amiloz; bit rng khi oxi ho 1 mol amiloz bng NaIO 4, s
H
gc glucoz u mch to ra 1 mol axit fomic, s gc glucoz HO
H
OH
cui mch to ra 2 mol axit fomic.
HO
H
(b) Vit s cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
CH2OH
2. Vit s cc phng trnh phn ng chuyn D-glucoz thnh
L-galuz Lguloz c cng thc bn.
b gio dc v o to

Trang:36
*********************************************************************************************************************************
lp 12 thpt nm hc 2001-2002
thi chnh thc
Mn : ho hc Bng A
Ngy thi :
12 / 3 / 2002
Cu I: (5 im).
1. Liu php phng x c ng dng rng ri cha ung th. C s ca liu php
l s bin i ht nhn.
59
+ 0 n1
X?
(1)
27Co
60
X? 28Ni + ... ;
h = 1,25 MeV
(2)
(a) Hy hon thnh phng trnh ca s bin i ht nhn trn v nu r nh
lut no c p dng hon thnh phng trnh.
(b) Hy cho bit im khc nhau gia phn ng ht nhn vi phn ng oxi ho-kh
(ly th d t phn ng (2) v phn ng Co + Cl2 CoCl2).
2. C cu hnh electron 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1
(1)
(a) Dng k hiu lng t biu din cu hnh electron (1).
(b) Cu hnh electron (1) l cu hnh electron ca nguyn t hay ion ? Ti sao ?
(c) Cho bit tnh cht ho hc c trng ca ion hay nguyn t ng vi cu hnh
electron (1), hy vit mt phng trnh phn ng minh ha.
Z2
3. Bit En = -13,6. 2 (n: s lng t chnh, Z: s n v in tch ht nhn).
n
(a) Tnh nng lng1e trong trng lc mt ht nhn ca mi h N6+, C5+, O7+.
(b) Qui lut lin h gia E n vi Z tnh c trn phn nh mi lin h no gia ht
nhn vi electron trong cc h ?
(c) Tr s nng lng tnh c c quan h vi nng lng ion ho ca mi h trn hay
khng ? Tnh nng lng ion ho ca mi h.
4. p dng thuyt lai ho gii thch kt qu ca thc nghim xc nh c BeH2, CO2
u l phn t thng.
Cu II: (6 im).
1. Bit th oxi ho-kh tiu chun :
EoCu2+/Cu+ = +0,16V, EoCu+/Cu = +0,52V, Eo Fe3+/Fe2+ = +0,77V, EoFe2+/Fe = -0,44V
Hy cho bit hin tng g xy ra trong cc trng hp sau:
(a) Cho bt st vo dung dch Fe2(SO4)3 0,5M.
(b) Cho bt ng vo dung dch CuSO4 1M.
2. Dung dch X gm Na2S 0,010M, KI 0,060M, Na2SO4 0,050M.
(a) Tnh pH ca dung dch X.
(b) Thm dn Pb(NO3)2 vo dung dch X cho n nng 0,090M th thu c kt
ta A v dung dch B.
i
Cho bit thnh phn ho hc ca kt ta A v dung dch B.
ii
Tnh nng cc ion trong dung dch B (khng k s thu phn ca cc
ion, coi th tch dung dch khng thay i khi thm Pb(NO3)2).
iii
Nhn bit cc cht c trong kt ta A bng phng php ho hc, vit cc
phng trnh phn ng (nu c).
(c) Axit ho chm dung dch X n pH = 0. Thm FeCl3 cho n nng 0,10M.
i
Tnh th ca cc platin nhng trong dung dch thu c so vi cc calomen
bo ho (Hg2Cl2/2Hg,2Cl-).
ii
Biu din s pin, vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra ti cc in cc
v phn ng tng qut khi pin hot ng.

Trang:37
*********************************************************************************************************************************
Cho : axit c H2S pK1 = 7,00, pK2 = 12,90; HSO4- c pK = 2,00; Tch s tan ca
PbS = 10-26 ; PbSO4 = 10-7,8 ; PbI2 = 10-7,6.
Eo Fe3+/Fe2+ = 0,77 V ; Eo S/H2S = 0,14V ; Eo I2/2I- = 0,54V ; Ecal bo ho = 0,244V
Cu III: (3 im).
Cho dng in 0,5A i qua dung dch mui ca mt axit hu c trong 2 gi.
Kt qu sau qu trnh in phn l trn catt to ra 3,865 gam mt kim loi v trn
ant c kh etan v kh cacbonic thot ra.
1. Cho bit mui ca kim loi no b in phn? Bit rng 5,18 gam ca kim loi
y c 1,59 gam Cu t dung dch ng sunfat.
2. Cho bit mui ca axit hu c no b in phn?
3. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra trn cc in cc.
Cu IV: (2,5 im).
Ti 25oC phn ng 2 N2O5 (k)
4 NO2 (k) + O2 (k) c hng s tc k = 1,8.10 5
-1
. s ; biu thc tnh tc phn ng v = k.CN 2O5. Phn ng trn xy ra trong bnh
kn th tch 20,0 lit khng i. Ban u lng N2O5 cho va y bnh. thi im
kho st, p sut ring ca N2O5 l 0,070 atm . Gi thit cc kh u l kh l tng.
1. Tnh tc : a) tiu th N2O5 ; b) hnh thnh NO2 ; O2.
2. Tnh s phn t N2O5 b phn tch sau 30 giy.
3. Nu phn ng trn c phng trnh N2O5 (k)
2 NO 2 (k) + 1/2 O2 (k) th tr
s tc phn ng, hng s tc phn ng c thay i khng? Gii thch.
Cu V: (3,5 im).
Kh NO kt hp vi hi Br2 to ra mt kh duy nht trong phn t c 3 nguyn t.
1. Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
2. Bit phn ng trn thu nhit, ti 25oC c Kp = 116,6. Hy tnh Kp (ghi r n v) ti
0oC ; 50oC. Gi thit rng t s gia hai tr s hng s cn bng ti 0 oC vi 25oC hay
25oC vi 50oC u bng 1,54.
3. Xt ti 25oC, cn bng ho hc c thit lp. Cn bng s chuyn dch nh
th no? Nu:
a) Tng lng kh NO.
b) Gim lng hi Br2.
c) Gim nhit .
d) Thm kh N2 vo h m:
- Th tch bnh phn ng khng i (V = const)
- p sut chung ca h khng i (P = const).
b gio dc v o to

lp 12 thpt nm hc 2002-2003
thi chnh thc

Mn : ho hc Bng A
Ngy thi :
12 / 3 / 2003
Cu I:
1. Nhm clorua khi ho tan vo mt s dung mi hoc khi bay hi nhit khng
qu
cao th tn ti dng ime (Al 2Cl6). nhit cao (7000C) ime b phn li thnh
monome (AlCl3). Vit cng thc cu to Lewis ca phn t ime v monome; Cho
bit kiu lai ho ca nguyn t nhm, kiu lin kt trong mi phn t ; M t cu trc
hnh hc ca cc phn t .

Trang:38
*********************************************************************************************************************************
2. Phn t HF v phn t H 2O c momen lng cc, phn t khi gn bng nhau (HF
1,91
Debye, H2O 1,84 Debye, MHF 20, MH2O 18); nhng nhit nng chy ca hiroflorua
l
830C thp hn nhiu so vi nhit nng chy ca nc l 00C, hy gii thch v
sao?
Cu II:
1. Trong phng th nghim c cc dung dch b mt nhn: AlCl3, NaCl, KOH, Mg(NO3)2,
Pb(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2, AgNO3. Dng thm mt thuc th, hy nhn bit mi dung dch.
Vit cc phng trnh phn ng (nu c).
2. Dung dch bo ha H2S c nng 0,100 M. Hng s axit ca H2S: K1 = 1,0 x 10-7
v
K2 = 1,3 x 10-13.
a) Tnh nng ion sunfua trong dung dch H2S 0,100 M khi iu chnh pH = 2,0.
b) Mt dung dch A cha cc cation Mn2+, Co2+, v Ag+ vi nng ban u ca mi
ion
u bng 0,010 M. Ho tan H2S vo A n bo ho v iu chnh pH = 2,0 th ion
no to
kt ta.
Cho: TMnS = 2,5 x 10-10 ; TCoS = 4,0 x 10 21 ; TAg2S = 6,3 x 10-50
3. Kim loi A phn ng vi phi kim B to hp cht C mu vng cam. Cho 0,1 mol hp
cht C phn ng vi CO2 (d) to thnh hp cht D v 2,4 gam B. Ha tan hon ton D
vo nc, dung dch D phn ng ht 100 ml dung dch HCl 1 M gii phng 1,12 l kh
CO2 (ktc). Hy xc nh A, B, C, D v vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. Bit
hp
cht C cha 45,07 % B theo khi lng; hp cht D khng b phn tch khi nng chy.
Cu III:
Phng trnh phn ng iot ho axeton trong dung dch c xc tc axit:
CH3 C CH3
I2
H
CH3 C CH2I + HI
O
(A)
(B)
CH3 C CH3 v CH3 C = CH2
+
OH
OH
(E)
(F)
Thc nghim cho thy phn ng l bc nht i vi axeton v bc nht i vi H+.

Mt khc, thc nghim cng cho thy trong qu trnh
phn ng c to ra cc cht trung gian
T ngi ta nu gi thit phn ng trn xy ra qua 3 giai on.
a) Vit phng trnh biu din nh lut tc ca phn ng v cho bit n v
(th nguyn) ca hng s tc phn ng.
b) Vit biu thc biu din tc phn ng qua: tc tiu hao (A), (B); tc to
thnh
(E), (F)
c) Vit phng trnh biu din 3 giai on ca phn ng. Giai on no quyt nh
tc
phn ng. Hy chng minh c ch anh (ch) nu ra ph hp vi phng trnh vit
(a).

Trang:39
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d) Mt th nghim, ngi ta ly nng ban u ca axeton, iot v ion H+ u bng

0,1M. Sau 30 pht, nng axeton gim bt 15% so vi nng ban u. Tc to
thnh HI ti thi im 30 pht l 3,47.10-5 mol. L-1. pht-1. Hy tnh hng s tc
phn ng.
Cu IV:
1. Phn ng gia AgNO3 vi KCl trong dung dch to thnh kt ta AgCl v gii phng
nng lng. Ta c th to ra mt t bo in ho (pin) sinh cng in nh phn ng
.
a) Vit cng thc ca t bo in ho theo quy tc IUPAC v cc na phn ng in
cc ti anot v catot.
0
0
b) Tnh G298 ca phn ng kt ta AgCl v E 298 ca t bo in ho.
Cho: TAgCl 250C bng 1,6. 10 10 .
2. in phn 50 ml dung dch HNO3 c pH = 5,0 vi in cc than ch trong 30 gi,
dng in 1A.
a) Vit na phn ng ti cc in cc v phng trnh phn ng chung.
b) Tnh pH ca dung dch sau khi in phn.
c) Tnh th tch dung dch NaOH 0,0001 mol/L cn trung ha dung dch sau khi
in phn.
d) Hy cho bit nn dng cht ch th no xc nh im dng ca phn ng
trung ha.
Coi khi lng ring ca dung dch HNO3 long l 1 g/ml
Cu V :
Khi nung nng n nhit cao PCl5 b phn li theo phng trnh
PCl5 (k) PCl3 (k) + Cl2 (k)
1. Cho m gam PCl5 vo mt bnh dung tch V, un nng bnh n nhit T (K)
xy ra
phn ng phn li PCl5. Sau khi t ti cn bng p sut kh trong bnh bng p. Hy
thit
lp biu thc ca Kp theo phn li v p sut p. Thit lp biu thc ca kc theo
, m, V.
2. Trong th nghim 1 thc hin nhit T1 ngi ta cho 83,300 gam PCl5 vo bnh
dung tch V1. Sau khi t ti cn bng o c p bng 2,700 atm. Hn hp kh trong
bnh c t khi so vi hiro bng 68,862. Tnh v Kp.
3. Trong th nghim 2 gi nguyn lng PCl5 v nhit nh th nghim 1 nhng thay
V2
dung tch l V2 th o c p sut cn bng l 0,500 atm. Tnh t s
.
V1
4. Trong th nghim 3 gi nguyn lng PCl5 v dung tch bnh V1 nh th nghim 1
nhng h nhit ca bnh n T3 = 0,9 T1 th o c p sut cn bng l 1,944
atm.
Tnh Kp v . T cho bit phn ng phn li PCl5 thu nhit hay pht nhit.
Cho: Cl = 35,453 ; P : 30,974 ; H = 1,008 ; Cc kh u l kh l tng.
b gio dc v o to

lp 12 thpt nm hc 2002-2003
thi chnh thc

Mn : ho hc Bng A

Trang:40
*********************************************************************************************************************************
Ngy thi :
13 / 3 / 2003
Cu I:
1. Khi c mt enzim aconitaza, axit aconitic b hidrat ha to thnh axit A khng
quang hot v axit B quang hot theo mt cn bng:
COOH
H2O
HOOC
H2O
A
B
C
C
(C6H8O7)
(C6H8O7)
CH2COOH
H
6%
90%
Axit aconitic
4%
a) Vit cng thc cu to ca A v B, ghi tn y ca chng v ca axit aconitic
theo danh php IUPAC. Axit A c pKa: 3,1 ; 4,8 ; 6,4. Ghi cc gi tr pKa bn cnh nhm
chc thch hp.
b) Vit s iu ch A t axeton v cc cht v c cn thit.
2. Ozon phn mt tecpen A (C10H16) thu c B c cu to nh sau:
.
CH3 C CH2 CH
CH CH2 CH O
O
H3C
CH3
Hidro ha A vi xc tc kim loi to ra hn hp sn phm X gm cc ng phn c

cng thc phn t C10H20.
a) Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A.
b) Vit cng thc cc ng phn cu to trong hn hp X.
c) Vit cng thc lp th dng bn ca cc ng phn trong hn hp X.
Cu II:
1. Hp cht A (C5H11O2N) l mt cht lng quang hot. Kh A bng H2 c xc tc Ni s
c B (C5H13N) quang hot. Cho B tc dng vi axit HNO2 thu c hn hp gm ancol C
quang hot v ancol tert-amylic (2-metyl-2-butanol).
Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A. Dng cng thc cu to, vit phng trnh
cc phn ng to thnh B, C v ancol tert-amylic t A.
2. Hp cht A (C5H9OBr) khi tc dng vi dung dch it trong kim to kt ta mu
vng.
A tc dng vi dung dch NaOH to ra 2 xeton B v C cng c cng thc phn t C5H8O.
B, C u khng lm mt mu dung dch kalipemanganat lnh, ch c B to kt ta
mu vng vi dung dch it trong kim. Cho B tc dng vi CH3MgBr ri vi H2O th c
D (C6H12O). D tc dng vi HBr to ra hai ng phn cu to E v F c cng thc phn
t C6H11Br trong ch c E lm mt mu dung dch kali pemanganat lnh.
Dng cng thc cu to, vit s phn ng t A to thnh B, C, D, E, F. Vit tn A
v D theo danh php IUPAC.
Cu III:
1. Hy ngh s phn ng vi y iu kin :
a) t etylen v cc cht v c tng hp cc hp cht sau v sp xp chng theo th t
tng dn nhit si:
C2H5OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OH (Etylcacbitol)
;
O
O
O
NH
b) T benzen hoc toluen v cc cht
v c
tng hp c cc dc cht sau: Axit 4aminoDioxan
Mopholin
2- hidroxibenzoic; axit 5-amino 2,4
dihidroxibenzoic.
2. a) Dng cng thc cu to, hy hon thnh s tng hp sau y:

Trang:41
*********************************************************************************************************************************
COCl2 + CH3OH
C2H3O2Cl
C6 H5 NH 2
HOSO 2 Cl
C8H8O4NSCl

NH3
C6H8O2N2S.
b) Gii thch hng ca phn ng to thnh C8H8O4NSCl v C6H8O2N2S.
H 3O
Cu IV:
TRF l tn vit tt mt homon iu khin hot ng ca tuyn gip. Thy phn
hon ton 1 mol TRF thu c 1 mol mi cht sau:
N
CH2-CH-COOH
NH3 ;
; HOOC-CH2-CH2-CH-COOH ;
NH2
COOH
NH2
N
N
(Pro)
(His)
(Glu)
H
H
Trong hn hp sn phm thy phn khng hon ton TRF c dipeptit His-Pro. Ph khi
lng cho bit phn t khi ca TRF l 362 vC. Phn t TRF khng cha vng ln
hn 5 cnh.
1. Hy xc nh cng thc cu to v vit cng thc Fis ca TRF.
2. i vi His ngi ta cho pKa1 = 1,8 ; pKa2 = 6,0 ; pKa3 = 9,2. Hy vit cc cn bng
in ly v ghi cho mi cn bng mt gi tr pKa thch hp. Cho 3 biu thc:
pHI = (pKa1+pKa2+pKa3) : 3 ; pHI = (pKa1+pKa2) : 2 ; pHI = (pKa2+pKa3) : 2 ;
biu thc no ng vi His, v sao?
3. Hy ngh s phn ng vi y iu kin tng hp axit (D, L)
glutamic t hidrocacbon cha khng qu 2 nguyn t cacbon trong phn t.
Cu V:
isaccarit X (C12H22O11) khng tham gia phn ng trng bc, khng b thy phn
bi enzim mantaza nhng b thy phn bi enzim emulsin. Cho X phn ng vi CH3I ri
thy phn th ch c 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-metyl-D-guloz. Bit rng: D-guloz l ng
phn cu hnh C3 v C4 ca D-glucoz; mantaza xc tc cho s thy phn ch lin
kt -glicozit, cn emulsin xc tc cho s thy phn ch lin kt -glicozit.
1. Vit cng thc lp th ca X.
2. Deoxi- D-guloz A (C6H12O5) c chuyn ha theo 2 hng sau:
HIO4
CH3OH, H
1) LiAlH4
2) H2O
H3O+
Glixerin, 3-hidroxipropanal
B
HBr
C6H11BrO4 (E)
KOH
C6H10O4 (F) H2O/ DCl hn hpG
a) Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A.
b) Vit cng thc cu to ca B, C, D, E, F.
c) Xc nh cng thc cu to cc cht c trong hn hp G, bit phn t khi ca
chng u ln hn 160 v nh hn 170 vC.
b gio dc v o to

lp 12 thpt nm hc 2003-2004
thi chnh thc

Mn : ho hc Bng A

Trang:42
*********************************************************************************************************************************
Ngy thi :
11 / 3 / 2004
Cu I
1. Vit phng trnh ho hc cho mi trng hp sau:
a) Cho kh amoniac (d) tc dng vi CuSO4.5H2 O.
b) Trong mi trng baz, H2O2 oxi ho Mn2+ thnh MnO2.
c) Trong mi trng axit, H2O2 kh MnO4- thnh Mn2+.
2. Trong s cc phn t v ion: CH2Br2, F - , CH2O, Ca2+, H3As, (C2 H5 )2O , phn t
v ion no c th to lin kt hiro vi phn t nc? Hy gii thch v vit s m
t s hnh thnh lin kt .
3. a) U238 t phn r lin tc thnh mt ng v bn ca ch. Tng cng c 8 ht
c phng ra trong qu trnh . Hy gii thch v vit phng trnh phn ng
chung ca qu trnh ny.
b) Uran c cu hnh electron [Rn]5f36d17s2. Nguyn t ny c bao nhiu
electron c thn? C th c mc oxi ho cao nht l bao nhiu?
c) UF6 l cht lng d bay hi c ng dng ph bin tch cc ng v
uran. Hy vit phng trnh phn ng c UF6 c to thnh khi cho UF4 tc dng vi
ClF3.
Cu II
1. Trong nguyn t hoc ion dng tng ng c t 2 electron tr ln, electron
chuyn ng trong trng lc c to ra t ht nhn nguyn t v cc electron khc.
Do mi trng thi ca mt cu hnh electron c mt tr s nng lng. Vi nguyn t
Bo (s n v in tch ht nhn Z = 5) trng thi c bn c s liu nh sau:
Cu hnh electron
1s1
1s2
1s22s1
Nng lng
(theo eV)
- 340,000
- 600,848
- 637,874
Cu hnh electron
1s22s2
1s22s22p1
Nng lng
(theo eV)
- 660,025
- 669,800
Trong : eV l n v nng lng; du - biu th nng lng tnh c khi

electron cn chu lc ht ht nhn.
a) Hy trnh by chi tit v kt qa tnh cc tr s nng lng ion ho c
th c ca nguyn t Bo theo eV khi dng d kin cho trong bng trn.
b) Hy nu ni dung v gii thch qui lut lin h gia cc nng lng ion ho .
2. Nng lng lin kt ca N-N bng 163 kJ.mol 1, ca NN bng 945 kJ.mol1. T 4
nguyn t N c th to ra 1 phn t N4 t din u hoc 2 phn t N 2 thng thng.
Trng hp no thun li hn? Hy gii thch.
Cu III
Dung dch A gm AgNO3 0,050 M v Pb(NO3)2 0,100 M.
1. Tnh pH ca dung dch A.
2. Thm 10,00 ml KI 0,250 M v HNO 3 0,200 M vo 10,00 ml dung dch A. Sau
phn ng ngi ta nhng mt in cc Ag vo dung dch B va thu c v ghp thnh
pin (c cu mui tip xc hai dung dch) vi mt in cc c Ag nhng vo dung dch
X gm AgNO3 0,010 M v KSCN 0,040 M.
a) Vit s pin .
b) Tnh sc in ng Epin ti 250C .
c) Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra khi pin hot ng.
d) Tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng .

Trang:43
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Cho bit : Ag+ + H2O

AgOH + H+
(1) ; K1= 10 11,70
Pb2+ + H2O
PbOH+ + H+
(2) ; K2= 10 7,80
Ch s tch s tan pKs : AgI l 16,0 ; PbI2 l 7,86 ; AgSCN l 12,0 .
RT
0
ln = 0,0592 lg
EAg
;
=
0
,799
V
+
F
/Ag
3. Epin s thay i ra sao nu: a) thm mt lng nh NaOH vo dung dch B ; b)
thm mt lng nh Fe(NO3)3 vo dung dch X?
Cu IV
1. Kh CO gy c v tc dng vi hemoglobin (Hb) ca mu theo phng trnh
3 CO + 4 Hb Hb4 (CO)3
S liu thc nghim ti 200C v ng hc phn ng ny nh sau:
Nng (mol. l-1)
Tc phn hu Hb
( mol. l-1 .s-1 )
Hb
CO
1,50
2,50
1,05
2,50
2,50
1,75
2,50
4,00
2,80
Hy tnh tc phn ng khi nng CO l 1,30; Hb l 3,20 (u theo mol.l1
) ti 200C .
2. Ngi ta nung nng n 8000C mt bnh chn khng th tch 1 lt cha
10,0 gam canxi cacbonat v 5,6 gam canxi oxit. Hy tnh s mol kh cacbonic c trong
bnh. Mun cho lng canxi cacbonat ban u phn hu ht th th tch ti thiu
ca bnh phi bng bao nhiu? Bit ti nhit kh CO 2 trong bnh c p sut l
0,903 atm .
3. Ti 200C, phn ng: H2 (k) + Br2
(lng)
2 HBr (k)
(1)
16
c hng s cn bng Kp = 9,0 .10 . K hiu (k) ch trng thi kh.
a) Hy tnh Kp ca phn ng: H2 (k) +
Br2 (k)
2 HBr (k)
(2)
0
ti 20 C v p sut pBr (k) = 0,25 atm.
2
b) Hy cho bit s chuyn dch cn bng ho hc ca phn ng (2) nu gim

th tch bnh phn ng hai trng hp:
*) Trongbnh khng c Br2 (lng) ; **) Trongbnh c Br2 (lng).
b gio dc v o to
thi chnh thc

lp 12 thpt nm hc 2003-2004
Mn : ho hc Bng A
Ngy thi :
12 / 3 / 2004
Cu I
1. 3-metylbuten-1 tc dng vi axit clohidric to ra cc sn phm, trong c A l 2clo-3-metylbutan v B l 2-clo-2-metylbutan. Bng c ch phn ng, hy gii thch s
to thnh hai sn phm A v B.
1. 2. 2-metylbuten-2 phn ng vi axit clohidric. Trnh by c ch ca
phn ng, cho bit sn phm chnh v gii thch?
3. Trong phn ng clo ho nh cht xc tc FeCl 3 , kh nng phn ng tng i cc
v tr khc nhau trong cc phn t biphenyl v benzen nh sau:

Trang:44
*********************************************************************************************************************************
250
250
790
1
790
250
250
1
1
a) Trnh by c ch phn ng clo ho biphenyl theo hng u tin nht.

b) Tc monoclo ho biphenyl v benzen hn km nhau bao nhiu ln?
c) Trong mt phn ng clo ho biphenyl thu c 10 gam 2-clobiphenyl, s thu c bao
nhiu gam 4-clobiphenyl?
Cu II
1. T etilen v propilen c xc tc axit, platin v iu kin cn thit, hy vit s
tng hp isopren.
2. Cho s sau:
O
Xiclohexanol HBr
1. Li
2. CuI
3.
Br
CH2
CH2
NBr
O
N H /O
B (NBS) C 2 4 2
D KOH
C2H5OH
Vit
cng thc cc sn phm hu c A, B, C v D.
3. T axetilen v cc ho cht v c cn thit, hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng to
ra p-(imetylamino)azobenzen:
CH3
CH3
Cu III
Monosaccarit A (t l glicoz A) c tn l (2S,3R , 4S , 5R)-2,3,4,5,6pentahiroxihexanal. Khi un nng ti 1000C, A b tch nc sinh ra sn phm B c tn
l 1,6anhiroglicopiranoz. Dglucoz khng tham gia phn ng ny. T A c th
nhn c cc sn phm E (C5H10O5) v G (C5H8O7) theo s phn ng:
Br2
H2O
CaCO3
H2O2
HNO3
a) Vit cng thc Fis ca A v B.

b) A tn ti 4 dng gh (D-glicopiranoz). Vit cng thc ca cc dng v cho
bit dng no bn hn c?
c) Dng cng thc cu dng biu din phn ng chuyn ho A thnh B. V sao
Dglucoz khng tham gia phn ng tch nc nh A?
d) Vit cng thc cu trc ca E v G. Hy cho bit chng c tnh quang hot hay
khng?
NH2
N
Cu V
CH2 CH COOH
1. Cc aminoaxit phn ng vi nhau to thnh polipeptit.
N
Hy cho bit cu trc ca cc ipeptit to thnh t leuxin
(CH3)2CHCH2CH(NH2)COOH v histiin (hnh bn).
Histidin
H
2. Gi A, B l cc -aminoaxit mi trng axit, baz
tng ng v X l ion lng cc.
a) Xc nh t s nng ca A v B im ng in.

Trang:45
*********************************************************************************************************************************
b) Vt alanin chuyn v cc no khi pH < 5 v pH > 8?

c) Xc nh hm lng tng i ca ion lng cc X ca alanin im ng in,
bit rng hng s axit ca alanin: pK1 = 2,35 i vi cn bng A
X + H+
pK2 = 9,69 i vi cn bng X
B + H+ .
b gio dc v o to

lp 12 thpt nm hc 2004-2005
thi chnh thc

Mn : ho hc Bng A
Ngy thi :
10 / 3 / 2005
Cu 1 (2 im):
Bng dung dch NH3, ngi ta c th lm kt ta hon ton ion Al 3+ trong dung
dch nc dng hiroxit, nhng ch lm kt ta c mt phn ion Mg2+ trong
dung dch nc dng hiroxit.
Hy lm sng t iu ni trn bng cc php tnh c th.
Cho bit: Tch s tan ca Al(OH)3 l 5.1033; tch s tan ca Mg(OH)2 l 4.1012;
hng s phn ly baz ca NH3 l 1,8.105.
Cu 2 (2 im):
Nhng hai tm km, mi tm c khi lng 10 gam vo hai dung dch mui kim
loi ho tr hai. Sau mt thi gian xc nh, ly hai tm km ra khi dung dch, ra
sch, lm kh ri cn li. Kt qu cho thy mt tm c khi lng 9,5235 gam, tm kia
c khi lng 17,091 gam.
Cho bit: Mt trong hai dung dch mui kim loi ho tr hai l mui st (II); lng
km tham gia phn ng hai dung dch l nh nhau.
1. Gii thch hin tng xy ra mi dung dch.
2. Cho bit kim loi no tham gia vo thnh phn dung dch mui th hai.
Cu 3 (1,5 im):
Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng sau y:
1. NaCl
+
H2SO4 c, nng
2. NaBr
+
H2SO4 c, nng
3. NaClO +
PbS
4. FeSO4 + H2SO4 + HNO2
5. KMnO4 + H2SO4 + HNO2
6. NaNO2 + H2SO4 long
Cu 4 (4,5 im):
pH = 0 v 25oC th in cc tiu chun Eo ca mt s cp oxi ho - kh c
cho nh sau:
2IO4/ I2 (r) 1,31 V ; 2IO3/ I2 (r) 1,19 V ; 2HIO/ I2 (r) 1,45 V ; I2 (r)/ 2I 0,54 V.
(r) ch cht trng thi rn.
1. Vit phng trnh na phn ng oxi ho - kh ca cc cp cho.
2. Tnh Eo ca cc cp IO4/ IO3 v IO3/ HIO

Trang:46
*********************************************************************************************************************************
3. V phng din nhit ng hc th cc dng oxi ho - kh no l bn, cc dng no

l khng bn? Ti sao?
4. Thm 0,40 mol KI vo 1 lt dung dch KMnO4 0,24 M pH = 0
a) Tnh thnh phn ca hn hp sau phn ng.
b) Tnh th ca in cc platin nhng trong hn hp thu c so vi in cc
calomen bo ho.
5. Tnh Eo ca cp IO3/ I2(H2O).
I2(H2O) ch it tan trong
nc.
2+
o 4 / Mn
MnO
Cho bit: E
= 1,51 V ; E ca in cc calomen bo ho bng 0,244
V;
25oC, lnRT = 0,0592 lg ; tan ca it trong nc bng 5,0.10 4 M.
Cu 5 (2,5 im):
Cc vi ht c cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng: 3s1, 3s2, 3p3, 3p6 l nguyn
t hay ion? Ti sao?
Hy dn ra mt phn ng ho hc (nu c) minh ho tnh cht ho hc c
trng ca mi vi ht.
Cho bit: Cc vi ht ny l ion hoc nguyn t ca nguyn t thuc nhm A v
nhm VIII(0).
Cu 6 (3,5 im):
Mt bnh in phn cha dung dch NaOH (pH=14) v mt bnh in phn
khc cha dung dch H2SO4 (pH = 0) 298K. Khi tng hiu in th t t hai cc
mi bnh ngi ta thy c kh ging nhau thot ra c hai bnh ti cng in th.
1. Gii thch hin tng trn. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra mi bnh (khng
xt s to thnh H2O2 v H2S2O8).
2. Tnh hiu in th ti thiu phi t vo hai cc mi bnh cho qu trnh
in phn xy ra.
3. Ngi ta mun gim pH ca dung dch NaOH xung cn 11. C th dng NH 4Cl c
khng? Nu c, hy gii thch v tnh khi lng NH4Cl phi dng gim pH ca 1 lt
dung dch NaOH t 14 xung cn 11.
4. Khi pH ca dung dch NaOH bng 11, th hiu in th ti thiu phi t vo
hai cc ca bnh in phn cho qu trnh in phn xy ra l bao nhiu?
o
Cho bit:
Eo1/2 O2 / 2OH
=+0,4
= 1,23 V ; pK b (NH3)
H2O,
2H
, 1/2 V
O 2; /EH2O
= 4,75
Cu 7 (4 im):
Ngi ta thc hin phn ng 2 NO2 (k) + F2 (k)
2 NO 2F (k) trong mt bnh kn c
th tch V (c th thay i th tch ca bnh bng mt pttng). p sut ban u
ca NO2 bng 0,5 atm, cn ca F 2 bng 1,5 atm. Trong cc iu kin tc u
vo = 3,2. 103 mol.L1.s1.
1. Nu thc hin phn ng trn cng nhit vi cng nhng lng ban u ca cht
phn ng nhng thm mt kh tr vo bnh cho th tch thnh 2 V, cn p sut
tng qut vn bng 2 atm, th tc u bng 8.10 4 mol.L1.s1. Kt qu ny c
cho php thit lp phng trnh ng hc (biu thc tc ) ca phn ng hay
khng?

Trang:47
*********************************************************************************************************************************
2. Ngi ta li thc hin phn ng trn cng iu kin nhit vi cng nhng lng
V bng
NO2, F2 v kh tr nh (1) nhng gim th tch xung
. Tnh gi tr ca tc
2
u vo .
3. Nu thay cho vic thm kh tr, ngi ta thm NO2 vo cho p sut tng qut
bng 4 atm v th tch bng V th tc u v o = 1,6.102 mol.L1.s1. Kt qu ny
cho php kt lun nh th no v phng trnh ng hc ca phn ng?
4. D on c ch ca phn ng.
b gio dc v o to

lp 12 thpt nm hc 2004-2005
thi chnh thc

Mn : ho hc Bng B
Ngy thi :
10 / 3 / 2005
Cu 1 (2 im):
t chy kim loi magi trong khng kh. Cho sn phm thu c tc dng vi mt
lng d dung dch axit clohiric, un nng ri c dung dch n cn kh. Nung
nng sn phm mi ny v lm ngng t nhng cht bay hi sinh ra trong qu
trnh nung.
Hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra trong th nghim trn v cho bit
c nhng cht g trong sn phm ngng t c.
Cu 2 (2 im):
Nhng hai tm km, mi tm c khi lng 10 gam vo hai dung dch mui kim
loi ho tr hai. Sau mt thi gian xc nh, ly hai tm km ra khi dung dch,
ra sch, lm kh ri cn li. Kt qu cho thy mt tm c khi lng 9,5235 gam,
tm kia c khi lng 17,091 gam.
Cho bit: Mt trong hai dung dch mui kim loi ho tr hai l mui st (II); lng
km tham gia phn ng hai dung dch l nh nhau.
1. Gii thch hin tng xy ra mi dung dch.
2. Cho bit kim loi no tham gia vo thnh phn dung dch mui th hai.
Cu 3 (1,5 im):
Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng sau y:
1. NaCl
+
H2SO4 c, nng
2. NaBr
+
H2SO4 c, nng
3. NaClO +
PbS
4. FeSO4 + H2SO4 + HNO2
5. KMnO4 + H2SO4 + HNO2
6. NaNO2 + H2SO4 long
Cu 4 (4 im):
1. Tnh in li ca ion CO32 trong dung dch Na2CO3 c pH =11,60 (dung
dch A).
2. Thm 10,00 ml HCl 0,160 M vo 10,00 ml dung dch A. Tnh pH ca hn hp
thu c.
3. C hin tng g xy ra khi thm 1 ml dung dch bo ho CaSO 4 vo 1 ml dung
dch A.

Trang:48
*********************************************************************************************************************************
Cho: CO2 + H2O

HCO3 + H+ ; K = 106,35
HCO3
H+ + CO32 a; 1 K = 1010,33
a
tan ca CO2 trong nc bng 3,0.102 M.
2
5,04
Tch s tan ca CaSO4 bng 10
; ca CaCO3 bng 108,35
Cu 5 (2,5 im):
Cc vi ht c cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng: 3s1, 3s2, 3p3, 3p6 l nguyn
t hay ion? Ti sao?
Hy dn ra mt phn ng ho hc (nu c) minh ho tnh cht ho hc c
trng ca mi vi ht.
Cho bit: Cc vi ht ny l ion hoc nguyn t ca nguyn t thuc nhm A v
nhm VIII(0).
Cu 6 (3,5 im):
Mt bnh in phn cha dung dch NaOH (pH=14) v mt bnh in phn
khc cha dung dch H2SO4 (pH = 0) 298K. Khi tng hiu in th t t hai cc
mi bnh ngi ta thy c kh ging nhau thot ra c hai bnh ti cng in th.
1. Gii thch hin tng trn. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra mi bnh (khng
xt s to thnh H2O2 v H2S2O8).
2. Tnh hiu in th ti thiu phi t vo hai cc mi bnh cho qu trnh
in phn xy ra.
3. Ngi ta mun gim pH ca dung dch NaOH xung cn 11. C th dng NH 4Cl c
khng? Nu c, hy gii thch v tnh khi lng NH4Cl phi dng gim pH ca 1 lt
dung dch NaOH t 14 xung cn 11.
4. Khi pH ca dung dch NaOH bng 11, th hiu in th ti thiu phi t vo
hai cc ca bnh in phn cho qu trnh in phn xy ra l bao nhiu?
o
Cho bit:
Eo1/2 O2 / 2OH
=+0,4
= 1,23 V ; pK b (NH3) =
H2O,
2H
, 1/2 V
O2;/ E
H2O
4,75
Cu 7 (4 im):
Ngi ta thc hin phn ng 2 NO2 (k) + F2 (k)
2 NO2F (k) trong mt bnh kn c
th tch V (c th thay i th tch ca bnh bng mt pttng). p sut ban u
ca NO2 bng 0,5 atm, cn ca F 2 bng 1,5 atm. Trong cc iu kin tc u
vo = 3,2. 103 mol.L1.s1.
1. Nu thc hin phn ng trn cng nhit vi cng nhng lng ban u ca cht
phn ng nhng thm mt kh tr vo bnh cho th tch thnh 2 V, cn p sut
tng qut vn bng 2 atm, th tc u bng 8.10 4 mol.L1.s1. Kt qu ny c
cho php thit lp phng trnh ng hc (biu thc tc ) ca phn ng hay
khng?
2. Ngi ta li thc hin phn ng trn cng iu kin nhit vi cng nhng lng
NO2, F2 v kh tr nh (1) nhng gim th tch xung bng V . Tnh gi tr ca tc
2
u vo .
3. Nu thay cho vic thm kh tr, ngi ta thm NO2 vo cho p sut tng qut
bng 4 atm v th tch bng V th tc u v o = 1,6.102 mol.L1.s1. Kt qu ny
cho php kt lun nh th no v phng trnh ng hc ca phn ng?
4. D on c ch ca phn ng.

Trang:49
*********************************************************************************************************************************
b gio dc v o to

lp 12 thpt nm hc 2004-2005
thi chnh thc

Mn : ho hc Bng A
Ngy thi :
11 / 3 / 2005
Cu 1 (5.25 im):
1. Vit s iu ch cc axit sau y:
a) Axit: benzoic, phenyletanoic, 3-phenylpropanoic t benzen v cc ho cht cn thit
khc.
b) Axit: xiclohexyletanoic, 1-metylxiclohexan-cacboxylic t metylenxiclohexan v cc
ho cht cn thit khc.
2. Sp xp (c gii thch) theo trnh t tng dn tnh axit ca cc cht trong tng
dy sau:
a) Axit: benzoic, phenyletanoic, 3-phenylpropanoic, xiclohexyletanoic,
1-metylxiclohexan-cacboxylic.
b)
COOH
CH2COOH
COOH
N
COOH
(A)
(D)
(C)
(B)
3. Sp xp (c gii thch) theo trnh t tng dn nhit nng chy ca cc cht

sau:
COOH
(A)
COOH
COOH
;
N
(B)
;
(C)
Cu 2 (4 im):
L-Prolin hay axit (S)-piroliin-2-cacboxylic c pK1 = 1,99 v pK2 = 10,60. Piroliin
(C4H9N) l amin vng no nm cnh.
1. Vit cng thc Fis v cng thc phi cnh ca L-prolin. Tnh pHI ca hp cht ny.
2. Tnh gn ng t l dng proton ho H2A+ v dng trung ho HA ca prolin
pH = 2,50.
3. Tnh gn ng t l dng eproton ho A v dng trung ho HA ca prolin
pH = 9,70.
4. T metylamin v cc ho cht cn thit khc (benzen, etyl acrilat, natri etylat v cc
cht v c), hy vit s iu ch N-metyl-4-phenylpiperiin.
Cu 3 (3 im):
Hp cht hu c A cha 79,59 % C; 12,25 % H; cn li l O ch chim mt nguyn t
trong phn t. Ozon phn A thu c HOCH2CH=O ; CH3[CH2]2COCH3 v
CH3CH2CO[CH2]2CH=0. Nu cho A tc dng vi brom theo t l mol 1:1 ri mi ozon
phn sn phm chnh sinh ra th ch thu c hai sn phm hu c, trong s c
mt xeton. un nng A vi dung dch axit d dng thu c sn phm B c cng cng
thc phn t nh A, song khi ozon phn B ch cho mt sn phm hu c duy nht.
1. Xc nh cng thc cu to v gi tn A.

Trang:50
*********************************************************************************************************************************
2. Tm cng thc cu to ca B v vit c ch phn ng chuyn ho A thnh B.

Cu 4 (4 im):
1. D-Galactoz l ng phn cu hnh v tr s 4 ca D-glucoz. Trong dung dch
nc D-galactoz tn ti 5 dng cu trc khc nhau trong mt h cn bng. Hy dng
cng thc cu hnh biu din h cn bng v cho bit dng no chim t l cao
nht.
2. D-Galactoz l sn phm duy nht sinh ra khi thu phn hp cht A (C 12H22O11).
thc hin phn ng ny ch c th dng cht xc tc l axit hoc enzim galactoziaza.
A khng kh c dung dch Fehling, song tc dng c vi CH3I trong mi trng baz
cho sn phm ri em thu phn th ch thu c 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-metyl-Dgalactoz.
Hy tm cu trc ca A, vit cng thc vng phng v cng thc cu dng ca
n.
3. un nng D-galactoz ti 165oC sinh ra mt hn
hp sn phm, trong c mt lng nh hp cht B.
Cho B tc dng vi CH3I (c baz xc tc) ri thu
phn sn phm sinh ra th thu c hp cht C l
mt dn xut tri-O-metyl ca D-galactoz. Hy gii
thch qu trnh hnh thnh B v vit cng thc
Fis ca C.
OH
O
HO
OH
Cu 5 (3,75 im):
2-(1-Hiroxipentyl)xiclopentanon (A) l cht trung gian trong qu trnh tng hp
mt cht dng lm hng liu l metyl (3-oxo-2-pentylxiclopentyl)axetat (B).
1. Vit cng thc cu to ca A v s cc phn ng tng hp A t axit aipic (hay
axit hexanioic) vi cc cht khng vng v cc cht v c khc.
2. Vit cng thc cu to ca B v s cc phn ng tng hp B t A v cc ho
cht cn thit khc.
3. B c tt c bao nhiu ng phn cu hnh? Hy vit cng thc lp th ca ng
phn c cu hnh ton l R.
b gio dc v o to

lp 12 thpt nm hc 2004-2005
thi chnh thc
Mn : ho hc Bng B
Ngy thi :
11 / 3 / 2005
Cu 1 (5.25 im):
1. Vit s iu ch cc axit sau y:
a) Axit: benzoic, phenyletanoic, 3-phenylpropanoic t benzen v cc ho cht cn thit
khc.
b) Axit: xiclohexyletanoic, 1-metylxiclohexan-cacboxylic t metylenxiclohexan v cc
ho cht cn thit khc.
2. Sp xp (c gii thch) theo trnh t tng dn tnh axit ca cc cht trong tng
dy sau:
a) Axit: benzoic, phenyletanoic, 3-phenylpropanoic, xiclohexyletanoic,
b)

Trang:51
*********************************************************************************************************************************
1-metylxiclohexan-cacboxylic.
COOH
COOH
(A)
CH2COOH
COOH
;
(D)
(C)
(B)
3. Sp xp (c gii thch) theo trnh t tng dn nhit nng chy ca cc cht

sau:
COOH
(A)
COOH
COOH
;
N
(B)
;
(C)
L-Prolin hay axit (S)-piroliin-2-cacboxylic c pK1 = 1,99 v pK2 = 10,60. Piroliin

(C4H9N) l amin vng no nm cnh.
1. Vit cng thc Fis v cng thc phi cnh ca L-prolin. Tnh pHI ca hp cht ny.
2. Tnh gn ng t l dng proton ho H2A+ v dng trung ho HA ca prolin pH =
2,50.
3. Tnh gn ng t l dng eproton ho A v dng trung ho HA ca prolin pH =
9,70.
4. T metylamin v cc ho cht cn thit khc (benzen, etyl acrilat, natri etylat v cc
cht v c), hy vit s iu ch N-metyl-4-phenylpiperiin.
Cu 3 (3 im):
Hp cht hu c A cha 79,59 % C; 12,25 % H; cn li l O ch chim mt nguyn t
trong phn t. Ozon phn A thu c HOCH2CH=O ; CH3[CH2]2COCH3 v
CH3CH2CO[CH2]2CH=0. Nu cho A tc dng vi brom theo t l mol 1:1 ri mi ozon
phn sn phm chnh sinh ra th ch thu c hai sn phm hu c, trong s c
mt xeton. un nng A vi dung dch axit d dng thu c sn phm B c cng cng
thc phn t nh A, song khi ozon phn B ch cho mt sn phm hu c duy nht.
1. Xc nh cng thc cu to v gi tn A.
2. Tm cng thc cu to ca B v vit c ch phn ng chuyn ho A thnh B.
Cu 4 (4 im):
1. Dng c ch phn ng gii thch cc kt qu thc nghim sau:
a) Hng s tc dung mi phn 3-metylbut-2-enyl clorua trong etanol ln hn dung
mi phn anlyl clorua 6000 ln.
b) Sau khi ho tan but-3-en-2-ol trong dung dch axit sunfuric ri yn mt tun
th thu c c but-3-en-2-ol v but-2-en-1-ol.
c) X l but-2-en-1-ol vi hiro bromua th thu c hn hp 1-brombut-2-en v
3-brombut-1-en.
d) X l but-3-en-2-ol vi hiro bromua cng thu c hn hp 1-brombut-2-en v
3-brombut-1-en.
2. Cho bit sn phm no l sn phm chnh trong mi hn hp sau khi x l but-2-en1-ol, but-3-en-2-ol vi hiro bromua trn? V sao?
Cu 5 (3,75 im):
1. Vit cng thc chiu Fis ca dng mch h cc cht sau:

Trang:52
*********************************************************************************************************************************
HOCH2
OH
OH
H2C
(A)
OH
OH
H3C
OH
OH
OH
CH2 OH
OH
OH
(B)
2. Trong cc cht (A), (B), (C), (D) trn, cht no:

a) thuc dy L?
b) l ng eoxi?
c) l ng c mch nhnh?
d) thuc loi xetoz?
e) c dng furanoz?
g) c cu hnh nhm anomeric?
----------------------------------------------------------o
o---------------------------------------------------------
OH HO OH
(C)
O
HO
OH HO OH
(D)
CH2OH

Tong Hop de Thi HSG Quoc Gia

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Tong Hop de Thi HSG Quoc Gia

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Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

THI HC SINH GII QUC GIA

Bin Son: Thy Nguyn Thnh Anh

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

Thi Quc Gia Chn HS Gii

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

b. Cu hnh ny c th gp loi cht no? Minh ho bng tnh cht c

c. Nu tnh cht ca cht trong th d trn.

Thi Quc Gia Chn HS Gii THPT

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

B 2, trong Cu II: 2, trong Cu III: 4, trong Bi

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

Thi Quc Gia Chn HC SINH Gii

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

Nhng hirocacbon ny c ng phn cis-trans hay khng? Vit cng thc

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

1. Vit cng thc cu to ca A, B, C v cc cng thc cu to c th c ca D, E,

Cho Br = 80; O = 16; H = 1.

Thi Quc Gia Chn HC SINH Gii THPT

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

a) Hy vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra (trong bnh nhit lng k c H2O)

Thi Quc Gia Chn HC SINH Gii THPT

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

(180 pht, khng k thi gian

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

v isosafrol c ng phn cis-trans

Thi Quc Gia Chn HC SINH Gii THPT

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

Thi Quc Gia Chn HC SINH Gii THPT

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

2. Vit cng thc cc ng phn cis-trans ca A.

Histidin hay His

Nu cho X tc dng vi 2,4-(NO2)2C6H3F (k hiu ArF) ri mi thu phn th thu c

Mt khc nu thu phn X nh enzim cacboxipeptiaza th thu c Lys v mt

1.Vit c ch phn ng.

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

2.Thay A bng C6H5-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-C(CH3)2OH (A1), C6H5-CH2-CH2-C(CH3)2OH (A2) v

Thi Quc Gia Chn HC SINH Gii THPT

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

Thi Quc Gia Chn HC SINH Gii THPT

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

2*. Iotbenzen c iu ch vi hiu sut cao theo s phn ng sau:

Cho bit ng dng ca E v I.

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

Vit cng thc cu to ca axit nicotinic v so snh nhit nng chy ca n vi

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

Thi Quc Gia Chn HC SINH Gii THPT

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

Hy vit phng trnh phn ng v ni r l phn ng oxi ho- kh hay phn ng

Thi Quc Gia Chn HC SINH Gii THPT

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

2. Vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch 1,3,5-triaminobenzen t toluen v cc hp

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

b) Trong qu trnh tng hp 2,4,5-T nu trn sinh ra mt sn phm ph c c

Thi Quc Gia Chn HC SINH Gii THPT

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

a. 92U238 90Th230 + ...

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia

2. a. Hy sp xp cc nguyn t Natri, Kali, Liti li theo th t gim tr s nng lng ion

Thi Quc Gia Chn HC SINH Gii THPT

A, A1, B, B1, B2 ... D2 l cc hp cht hu c.

Tuyen tap e thi hoc sinh gioi Quoc Gia