Mt s chuyn Ha hc THPT GV: L Kim Hu (0979577657)

GII TON AXIT CACBOXYLIC

Dng 1: Gii ton l thuyt axit cacboxylic
Cu 1: S ng phn axit ca C4H8O2 l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 2: Cho cc cht sau: HCOOH (1); (CH 3)2CHCOOH (2); CH3COOH (3); C2H5COOH (4) v
CH3CH2CH2COOH (5). Chiu trng tnh axit c sp xp l
A. (2) < (3) < (1) < (4) < (5).
B. (2) < (5) < (4) < (3) < (1).
C. (5) < (2) < (3) < (4) < (1).
D. (3) < (2) < (4) < (1) < (5).
Cu 3: Cho nhng cht sau y: CH 3COOH (1); HCHO (2); HCOONa (3); HCOOH (4); CH 3OH (5). Cht no
tc dng c vi AgNO3/NH3 to ra Ag kim loi l
A. (1), (2), (3), (4).
B. (2), (3), (4).
C. (2), (5).
D. (2).
Cu 4: Cho cc cht sau: NaOH (1); CuS (2); CaCO 3 (3); KCl (4); CuO (5); Cu(OH) 2 (6); CH3CH2OH (7). Nhng
cht tc dng c vi CH3COOH l
A. (1), (2), (4), (5), (7).
B. (2), (3), (4), (6), (7).
C. (1), (2), (3), (5), (6), (7).
D. (1), (3), (5), (6), (7).
Cu 5: Cho cc cht HCOOH; CH3COOH v C2H5OH. Ch dng mt ha cht no sau y c th nhn bit
c 3 cht trn?
A. Cu(OH)2.
B. AgNO3/NH3
C. Na.
D. dung dch Br2.
Cu 6: Cho cc cht CH3CHO, CH3COOH, C3H5(OH)2 v C2H5OH. Ch dng mt ha cht no sau y c th
nhn bit c 3 cht trn?
A. AgNO3/NH3.
B. Cu(OH)2.
C. dung dch Br2.
D. NaOH.
Cu 7: Trong cc cht: ancol etylic, phenol, axit axetic v glixerol. Cht phn ng c vi c 3 cht: NaOH,
Na, CaCO3 l
A. ancol etylic.
B. phenol.
C. axit axetic.
D. glixerol.
Cu 8: Cho bn hp cht sau: (X): axit axetic; (Y) anehit axetic; (Z) glixerol; (T): phenol. Nhng cht c phn
ng vi Cu(OH)2 nhit thng l
A. (X) v (T).
B. (Y) v (T).
C. (Z) v (Y).
D. (X) v (Z).
Cu 9: Axit fomic HCOOH c th tham gia phn ng vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 d v phn ng kh
Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng baz thnh kt ta mu gch (Cu2O) v.
A. trong phn t axit fomic c nhm chc anehit.
B. axit fomic l axit rt mnh nn c kh nng phn ng c vi cc cht trn.
C. axit fomic th hin tnh cht ca mt axit phn ng vi mt baz l AgOH v Cu(OH) 2.
D. y l nhng tnh cht ca mt axit c tnh oxi ha.
Dng 2: Gii ton axit cacboxylic da vo phn ng ca nhm chc COOH.
Cu 10: Cho 3 gam mt axit cacboxylic no, n chc tc dng ht vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. Cng
thc cu to thu gn ca axit l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. C2H5COOH.
D. C3H7COOH.
Cu 11: Cho 5,3 gam hn hp gm 2 axit no, n chc ng ng k tip nhau tc dng vi Na va thu
c 1,12 lt H2 (ktc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca 2 axit l
A. HCOOH v CH3COOH.
B. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.
C. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH.
D. C2H3COOH v C3H5COOH.
Cu 12: Cho 5,76 gam axit hu c n chc, mch h tc dng ht vi CaCO 3 thu c 7,28 gam mui axit
hu c. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca axit l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. C2H5COOH.
D. C2H3COOH.
Cu 13: Cho 3,6 gam axit cacboxylic no, n chc X tc dng hon ton vi 500 ml dung dch KOH 0,12M v
NaOH 0,12M. C cn dung dch thu c 8,28 gam hn hp cht rn khan. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H5COOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. HCOOH.
D. C3H7COOH.
Cu 14: trung ha 6,72 gam mt axit cacboxylic Y (no, n chc) cn dng 200 gam dung dch NaOH
2,24%, Cng thc ca Y l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. C2H5COOH.
D. C3H7COOH.

Mt s chuyn Ha hc THPT GV: L Kim Hu (0979577657)

Cu 15: trung ha 0,58 gam 1 axit cacboxylic X cn dng 100 ml dung dch KOH 0,1M. Bit M X < 150. Cng
thc cu to thu gn ca axit X l
A. C2H5COOH.
B. C2H2(COOH)2.
C. CH2(COOH)2.
D. CH3COOH.
Cu 16: Cho 13,4 gam hn hp X gm hai axit no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc
dng vi Na d, thu c 17,8 gam mui. Khi lng ca axit c s nguyn t cacbon t hn c trong X l
A. 3,0 gam.
B. 4,6 gam.
C. 6,0 gam.
D. 7,4 gam.
Cu 17: Cho 4,52 gam hn hp gm C 2H5OH, C6H5OH, CH3COOH tc dng va vi Na thy thot ra 896ml
kh ( ktc) v m gam hn hp rn. Gi tr ca m l
A. 5,40.
B. 5,44.
C. 6,28.
D. 6,36.
Cu 18: X, Y l hai axit no, n chc, mch h k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Cho hn hp gm 4,6 gam X
v 6 gam Y tc dng ht vi kim loi Na thu c 2,24 lt H2 (ktc). Cng thc ca X v Y ln lt l
A. HCOOH v CH3COOH.
B. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.
C. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH.
D. C3H7COOH v C4H9COOH.
Cu 19: A l axit cacboxylic n chc cha no (1 ni i C=C). A tc dng vi brom cho sn phm cha
65,04% brom (theo khi lng). Vy A c cng thc phn t l
A. C3H4O2.
B. C4H6O2.
C. C5H8O2.
D. C5H6O2.
Cu 20: trung ha 40 ml gim n cn 25 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Bit khi lng ring ca gim l 1 g/ml.
Vy mu gim n ny c nng l
A. 3,5%.
B. 3,75%.
C. 4%.
D. 5%.
Cu 21: Trung ha 9 gam axit cacbonxylic A bng NaOH va c cn dung dch c 13,4 gam mui khan.
A c cng thc phn t l
A. C2H4O2.
B. C2H2O4.
C. C3H4O2.
D. C4H6O4.
Cu 22: Trung ha 2,7 gam axit cacboxylic A cn va 60 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. A c cng thc phn t l
A. C2H4O2.
B. C3H4O2.
C. C4H6O4.
D. C2H2O4.
Cu 23: Trung ha hon ton 1,8 gam mt axit hu c n chc bng dung dch NaOH va ri c cn dung
dch sau phn ng c 2,46 gam mui khan. Axit l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH2=CHCOOH.
C. CH3CH2COOH.
D. CH3COOH.
Cu 24: A v B l 2 axit cacboxylic n chc. Trn 1,2 gam A vi 5,18 gam B c hn hp X. trung ha ht
X cn 90 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. A, B ln lt l
A. Axit propionic, axit axetic.
B. axit axetic, axit propionic.
C. Axit acrylic, axit propionic.
D. Axit axetic, axit acrylic.
Cu 25: Cho 0,1 mol axit hu c X tc dng vi 11,5 gam hn hp Na v K thu c 21,7 gam cht rn v thy
thot ra 2,24 lt kh H2 (ktc). Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. (COOH)2.
B. CH3COOH.
C. CH2(COOH)2.
D. CH2=CHCOOH.
Cu 26: Cho 16,6 gam hn hp gm HCOOH, CH 3COOH tc dng ht vi Mg thu c 3,36 lt H 2 (ktc). Khi
lng CH3COOH l
A. 12 gam.
B. 9 gam.
C. 6 gam.
D. 4,6 gam.
Cu 27: Cho 10,90 gam hn hp gm axit acrylic v axit propionic phn ng hon ton vi Na thot ra 1,68 lt
kh (ktc). Nu cho hn hp trn tham gia phn ng cng H2 hon ton th khi lng sn phm cui cng l
A. 11,1 gam.
B. 7,4 gam.
C. 11,2 gam.
D. 11,0 gam.
Cu 28: Cho 3,15 gam hn hp X gm axit axetic, axit acrylic, axit propionic va lm mt mu hon ton
dung dch cha 3,2 gam brom. trung han ton 3,15 gam hn hp X cn 90 ml dd NaOH 0,5M. Thnh phn
phn trm khi lng ca axit axetic trong hn hp X l
A. 35,24%.
B. 45,71%.
C. 19,05%.
D. 23,49%.
Cu 29: Ha tan 26,8 gam hn hp hai axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h vo nc c dung dch X. Chia
X thnh hai phn bng nhau. Cho phn 1 phn ng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 d thu c 21,6
gam bc kim loi. trung ha hon ton phn 2 cn 200,0 ml dung dch NaOH 1,0M. Cng thc ca hai axit
l
A. HCOOH, C3H7COOH.
B. CH3COOH, C2H5COOH.
C. CH3COOH, C3H7COOH.
D. HCOOH, C2H5COOH.

Mt s chuyn Ha hc THPT GV: L Kim Hu (0979577657)

Cu 30: Cho 13,4 gam hn hp X gm hai axit no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong cng dy ng ng
tc dng vi Na d, thu c 17,8 gam mui. Khi lng ca axit c s nguyn t cacbon t hn c trong X l
A. 3,0 gam.
B. 4,6 gam.
C. 7,4 gam.
D. 6,0 gam.
Cu 31: Ha tan 26,8 gam hn hp hai axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h vo nc c dung dch X. Chia
X thnh hai phn bng nhau.
- Phn 1: Cho phn ng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 21,6 gam bc kim loi.
- Phn 2: trung ha hon ton phn 2 cn 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1,0M.
Cng thc ca hai axit l
A. HCOOH, C2H5COOH.
B. CH3COOH, C3H7COOH.
C. HCOOH, C3H7COOH.
D. CH3COOH, C2H5COOH.
Cu 32: Trung ha 9 gam axit cacbonxylic A bng NaOH va c cn dung dch c 13,4 gam mui khan.
A c cng thc phn t l
A. C2H4O2.
B. C2H2O4.
C. C3H4O2.
D. C4H6O4.
Cu 33: Trung ha 2,7 gam axit cacboxylic A cn va 60 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. A c cng thc phn t l
A. C2H4O2.
B. C3H4O2.
C. C4H6O4.
D. C2H2O4.
Cu 34: Trung ha hon ton 1,8 gam mt axit hu c n chc bng dung dch NaOH va ri c cn dung
dch sau phn ng c 2,46 gam mui khan. Axit l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH2=CHCOOH.
C. CH3CH2COOH.
D. CH3COOH.
Cu 35: A v B l 2 axit cacboxylic n chc. Trn 1,2 gam A vi 5,18 gam B c hn hp X. trung ha ht
X cn 90 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. A, B ln lt l
A. Axit propionic, axit axetic.
B. axit axetic, axit propionic.
C. Axit acrylic, axit propionic.
D. Axit axetic, axit acrylic.
Cu 36: Cho 0,1 mol axit hu c X tc dng vi 11,5 gam hn hp Na v K thu c 21,7 gam cht rn v thy
thot ra 2,24 lt kh H2 (ktc). Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. (COOH)2.
B. CH3COOH.
C. CH2(COOH)2.
D. CH2=CHCOOH.
Cu 37: Cho 16,6 gam hn hp gm HCOOH, CH 3COOH tc dng ht vi Mg thu c 3,36 lt H 2 (ktc). Khi
lng CH3COOH l
A. 12 gam.
B. 9 gam.
C. 6 gam.
D. 4,6 gam.
Cu 38: X l hn hp gm HCOOH v CH3COOH (t l mol 1:1). Ly 21,2 gam X tc dng vi 23 gam C2H5OH
(xuc tc H2SO4 c, un nng) thu c m gam hn hp este (hiu sut este ha u t 80%). Gi tr m l
A. 40,48 gam.
B. 23,4 gam.
C. 48,8 gam.
D. 25,92 gam.
Cu 39: trung ha 8,8 gam mt axit cacboxylic no n chc A cn 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Vy s
ng phn ca axit A c th l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 40: Cho 10,9 gam hn hp gm axit acrylic v axit propionic tc dng vi Na th thu c 1,68 lt H 2
ktc. Vy tng khi lng axit thu c sau khi hiro ha hon ton hn hp trn l
A. 11,3 gam.
B. 11,1 gam.
C. 13,2 gam.
D. 14,8 gam.
Dng 3: Gii ton axit da vo phn ng t chy
Cu 41: t chy hon ton 3,7 gam axit hu c mch h thu c 3,36 lt CO2 (ktc) v 2,7 gam H2O. X l
A. axit axetic.
B. axit propionic.
C. axit oxalic.
D. axit malonic.
Cu 42: t chy 0,1 mol mt axit no, n chc X cn dng 7,84 lt O 2 (ktc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca
axit X l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. C2H5COOH.
D. C3H7COOH.
Cu 43: t chy hon ton 9 gam axit cacboxylic A thu c 8,8 gam CO 2. trung hon cng lng axit ny
cn dng 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Tn ca A l
A. axit axetic.
B. axit propionic.
C. axit oxalic.
D. axit malonic.
Cu 44: t chy hon ton 5,3 gam hn hp 2 axit no, n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng thu c
9,3 gam sn phm gm CO2 v H2O. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca 2 axit l
A. HCOOH v CH3COOH.
B. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.
C. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH.
D. C2H3COOH v C3H5COOH.

Mt s chuyn Ha hc THPT GV: L Kim Hu (0979577657)

Cu 45: t chy hon ton 1,760 gam mt axit hu c X mch thng c 1,792 lt kh CO 2 (ktc) v 1,440
gam H2O. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH3CH2CH2COOH. B. C2H5COOH.
C. CH3CH=CHCOOH. D. HOOCCH2COOH.
Cu 46: t chy hon ton hn hp hai axit cacboxylic thu c 3,36 lt CO 2 (ktc) v 2,70 gam H2O. Hai axit
trn l axit
A. no, n chc, mch h.
B. khng no, n chc.
C. no, a chc.
D. thm, n chc.
Cu 47: t chy hon ton 0,10 mol hn hp hai axit cacboxylic l ng ng k tip thu c 3,360 lt CO 2
(ktc) v 2,70 gam H2O. S mol ca mi axit ln lt l
A. 0,050 v 0,050.
B. 0,045 v 0,055.
C. 0,040 v 0,060.
D. 0,060 v 0,040.
Cu 48: t chy hon ton a mol axit hu c Y c 3a mol CO 2. Mt khc trung ho a mol Y cn va
2a mol NaOH. Cng thc cu to ca Y l
A. HCOO-CH2-COOH. B. CH3-COOH.
C. CH3-CH2-COOH.
D. HOOC-COOH.
Cu 49: t chy hon ton 6,0 gam axit cacboxylic X ri dn ton b sn phm chy ln lt qua bnh 1 ng axit H 2SO4
c, d v bnh 2 ng dung dch NaOH c, d. Kt thuc th nghim, bnh 1 tng 3,6 gam; bnh 2 tng 8,8 gam
Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. HOOC-COOH.
D. CH2-CH-COOH
Cu 50: Cho hn hp hp X gm hai axit cacboxylic no, mch khng phn nhanh. t chy hon ton 0,3 mol
hn hp X, thu c 11,2 lt kh CO 2 ktc. Nu trung hon 0,3 mol X th cn 500 ml dung dch NaOH 1M.
Hai axit l
A. HCOOH, HOOC-CH2-COOH.
B. HCOOH, CH3COOH.
C. HCOOH, C2H5COOH.
D. HCOOH, HOOC-COOH.
Cu 51: t chy hon ton hn hp 2 axit C 2H5COOH v C3H7COOH thu c 0,55 mol H2O. Th tch CO2
thu c ktc l
A. 12,32 lt.
B. 18,48 lt.
C. 6,16 lt.
D. kt qu khc.
Cu 52: A l axit cacboxylic n chc cha no (1 ni i C=C). A tc dng vi brom cho sn phm cha
65,04% brom (theo khi lng). Vy A c cng thc phn t l
A. C3H4O2.
B. C4H6O2.
C. C5H8O2.
D. C5H6O2.
Cu 53: t chy hon ton 2,22 gam mt axit hu c no A thu c 1,62 gam H2O. A l
A. C3H7COOH.
B. C2H5COOH.
C. HCOOH.
D. CH3COOH.
Cu 54: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol axit n chc cn V lt O 2 ktc, thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,2 mol H2O. Gi
tr V l
A. 6,72 lt.
B. 8,96 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 5,6 lt.
Cu 55: t chy hon ton mt axit A thu c 0,2 mol CO2 v 0,15 mol H2O. A c cng thc phn t l
A. C3H4O4.
B. C4H8O2.
C. C4H6O4.
D. C5H8O4.
Cu 56: t chy hon ton 4,38 gam mt axit E no, mch thng thu c 4,032 lt CO 2 (kc) v 2,7 gam H2O.
CTCT ca E l
A. CH3COOH.
B. C17H35COOH.
C. HOOC(CH2)4COOH.
D. CH2=C(CH3)COOH.
Cu 57: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol axit cacboxylic A thu c cha n 8 gam hn hp CO 2 v H2O. A l
A. axit fomic.
B. axit axetic.
C. axit acrylic.
D. axit oxalic.
Cu 58: Z l mt axit hu c. t chy 0,1 mol Z cn 6,72 lt O2 (ktc). CTCT ca Z l
A. CH3COOH.
B. CH2=CHCOOH.
C. HCOOH.
D. Kt qu khc.
Cu 59: t chy ht 1 th tch hi axit hu c A c 3 th tch hn hp CO 2 v hi nc khi o cng iu
kin. CTPT ca A l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. HOOCCOOH.
D. HOOCCH2COOH.
Cu 60: t chy hon ton 0,44 gam mt axit hu c, sn phm chy cho hp th hon ton vo bnh 1 ng
P2O5, bnh 2 ng dung dch KOH. Sau th nghim thy khi lng bnh 1 tng 0,36 gam v bnh 2 tng 0,88
gam. CTPT ca axit l
A. C4H8O2.
B. C5H10O2.
C. C2H6O2.
D. C2H4O2.

Mt s chuyn Ha hc THPT GV: L Kim Hu (0979577657)

Cu 61: X l hn hp 2 axit cacboxylic no, h, phn t mi axit cha khng qu 2 nhm -COOH. t chy
hon ton 9,8 gam X c 11 gam CO2 v 3,6 gam H2O. X gm
A. HCOOH v CH3COOH.
B. HCOOH v HOOCCH2COOH.
C. HCOOH v HOOCCOOH.
D. CH3COOH v HOOCCH2COOH.
Cu 62: Hn hp X gm 0,01 mol HCOONa v a mol mui natri ca hai axit no n chc mch h l ng
ng lin tip. t chy hn hp X v cho sn phm chy (CO 2, hi nc) ln lt qua bnh 1 ng H2SO4 c
bnh 2 ng KOH thy khi lng bnh 2 tng nhiu hn bnh mt l 3,51 gam. Phn cht rn Y cn li sau khi
t l Na2CO3 cn nng 2,65 gam. Cng thc phn t ca hai mui natri l
A. C2H5COONa v C3H7COONa.
B. C3H7COONa v C4H9COONa.
C. CH3COONa v C2H5COONa.
D. CH3COONa v C3H7COONa.
Dng 4: Bi ton hiu sut
Cu 63: Khi lng axit axetic thu c khi ln men 1 lt ancol etylic 8 o l bao nhiu ? Cho d = 0,8 g/ml v hiu
sut phn ng t 92%.
A. 76,8 gam.
B. 90,8 gam.
C. 73,6 gam.
D. 58,88 gam.
Cu 64: Thc hin phn ng oxi ha m gam ancol etylic nguyn cht thnh axit axetic (hiu sut phn ng t
25%) thu c hn hp Y, cho Y tc dng vi Na d thu c 5,6 lt H 2 (ktc). Gi tr ca m l
A. 18,4 gam.
B. 9,2 gam.
C. 23 gam.
D. 4,6 gam.
Cu 65: trung ha 40 ml gim n cn 25 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Bit khi lng ring ca gim l 1 g/ml.
Vy mu gim n ny c nng l
A. 3,5%.
B. 3,75%.
C. 4%.
D. 5%.
Cu 66: un nng 6 gam CH 3COOH vi 9,2 gam C2H5OH (c H2SO4 c lm xuc tc) n khi phn ng t ti
trng thi cn cn bng th c 5,5 gam este. Hiu sut phn ng este ha l
A. 55%.
B. 62,5%.
C. 75%.
D. 80%.
Cu 67: Cho 0,3 mol axit X n chc trn vi 0,25 mol ancol etylic em thc hin phn ng este ha thu c
thu c 18 gam este. Tch ly lng ancol v axit d cho tc dng vi Na thy thot ra 2,128 lt H 2. Vy cng
thc ca axit v hiu sut phn ng este ha l
A. CH3COOH, H% = 68%.
B. CH2=CHCOOH, H%= 78%.
C. CH2=CHCOOH, H% = 72%.
D. CH3COOH, H% = 72%.
Cu 68: un 12 gam axit axetic vi 13,8 gam etanol (c H 2SO4 c lm xuc tc) n khi phn ng t trng thi
cn bng, thu c 11 gam este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ha l
A. 55%.
B. 50%.
C. 62,5%.
D. 75%.
AXIT CACBOXYLIC TRONG THI TT NGHIP THPT
Cu 1: (BT2-2008)-Cu 7: Cng thc chung ca axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h l
A. CnH2n+1CHO.
B. CnH2n+1COOH.
C. CnH2n+1OH.
D. CnH2n-1COOH.
Cu 2: (BT-2007)-Cu 23: Cng thc chung ca axit cacboxylic no n chc, mch h l
A. CnH2n-2COOH (n 2).
B. CnH2n+1COOH (n 0).
C. CnH2n-1COOH (n 2).
D. CnH2n(COOH)2 (n 0).
Cu 2: (BT2-2008)-Cu 23: Axit acrylic c cng thc l
A. HCOOH.
B. C2H5COOH.
C. CH2=CHCOOH.
D. CH3COOH.
Cu 3: (GDTX-2009)-Cu 22: Dung dch lm qu tm chuyn sang mu l
A. CH3COOH.
B. CH3NH2.
C. C2H5OH.
D. CH3COOC2H5
Cu 4: (KPB-2008)-Cu 8: Trong iu kin thch hp, axit fomic (HCOOH) phn ng c vi
A. HCl.
B. Cu.
C. C2H5OH.
D. NaCl.
Cu 5: (BKHXH&NV-2008)-Cu 42: Cht phn ng c vi CaCO3 l
A. C2H5OH.
B. C6H5OH.
C. CH3COOH.
D. HCOOC2H5.
Cu 6: (BT-2008)-Cu 29: Axit axetic (CH3COOH) khng phn ng vi
A. CaO.
B. Na2SO4.
C. NaOH.
D. Na2CO3.
Cu 7: (KPB-2007)-Cu 32: Cht X c cng thc phn t C2H4O2, cho cht X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH to
ra mui v nc. Cht X thuc loi
A. axit no n chc.
B. axit khng no n chc.

Mt s chuyn Ha hc THPT GV: L Kim Hu (0979577657)

C. ancol no a chc.
D. este no n chc.
Cu 8: (KPB-2007)-Cu 27: Thuc th dng phn bit gia axit axetic v ancol etylic l
A. dung dch NaCl.
B. dung dch NaNO3.
C. qu tm.
D. kim loi Na.
Cu 9: (GDTX-2009)-Cu 31: Cho 5,0 gam CaCO3 phn ng ht vi axit CH 3COOH (d), thu c V lt kh CO 2
( ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 3,36.
B. 4,48.
C. 1,12.
D. 2,24.
Cu 10: (BKHXH&NV-2007)-Cu 47: Cho hn hp X gm 0,2 mol CH 2=CHCOOH v 0,1 mol CH3CHO. Th
tch H2 ( ktc) phn ng va vi hn hp X l
A. 4,48 lt.
B. 2,24 lt.
C. 8,96 lt.
D. 6,72 lt.
Cu 11: (KPB-2007)-Cu 5: Trung ho 6,0 gam mt axit cacboxylic no n chc, mch h cn dng 100 ml dung
dch NaOH 1M. Cng thc cu to ca axit l
A. CH3COOH.
B. CH2 = CHCOOH.
C. HCOOH.
D. C2H5COOH.
AXIT CACBOXYLIC TRONG THI CAO NG, I HC
Cu 1: CA.07. Cho 5,76 gam axit hu c Y n chc, mch h tc dng ht vi CaCO 3 thu c 7,28 gam
mui ca axit hu c. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH3COOH
B. CH3-CH2-COOH
C. CH2=CHCOOH
D. CH2=CH-CH2COOH
Cu 2: HA.07. t chy hon ton a mol axit hu c Y c 2a mol CO 2. Mt khc, trung ho a mol Y cn
va 2a mol NaOH. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca Y l
A. CH3-COOH
B. C2H5-COOH
C. HOOC-COOH
D. HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH
Cu 3: HB.07. trung ho 6,72 gam mt axit cacboxylic Y (no, n chc) cn 200 gam dung dch NaOH
2,24%. Cng thc ca Y l
A. C3H7COOH
B. C2H5COOH
C. CH3COOH
D. HCOOH
Cu 4: HB.07. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt axit cacboxylic n chc, cn va V lt O2 (o ktc), thu c
0,3 mol CO2 v 0,2 mol H2O. Gi tr ca V l: A. 4,48
B. 6,72
C. 8,96
D. 11,2
Cu 5: HB.07. Oxi ho hon ton 2,2 gam mt anehit X n thu c 3 gam axit tng ng. Cng thc X l
A. C2H5CHO
B. C2H3CHO
C. CH3CHO
D. HCHO
Cu 6: CA.08. Cho hn hp gm 0,1 mol HCHO v 0,1 mol HCOOH tc dng vi lng d dung dch
AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng. Sau phn ng xy ra hon ton, khi lng Ag to thnh l
A. 21,6 gam
B. 10,8 gam
C. 43,2 gam
D. 64,8 gam
Cu 7: HB.08. Axit cacboxylic no, mch h X c cng thc thc nghim (C3H4O3)n, vy cng thc phn t ca X
l
A. C6H8O6
B. C9H12O9
C. C12H16O12
D. C3H4O3.
Cu 8: HB.08. Cho 3,6 gam axit cacboxylic no, n chc X tc dng hon ton vi 500 ml dung dch gm
KOH 0,12M v NaOH 0,12M. C cn dung dch thu c 8,28 gam hn hp cht rn. Cng thc ca X l
A. C2H5COOH
B. C3H7COOH
C. HCOOH
D. CH3COOH
Cu 9: CA.09. Dy gm cc cht c th iu ch trc tip (bng mt phn ng) to ra axit axetic l
A. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H5COOCH3.
B. CH3CHO, C6H12O6 (glucoz), CH3OH.
C. CH3OH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
D. C2H4(OH)2, CH3OH, CH3CHO.
Cu 10: CA.09. Oxi ho m gam etanol thu c hn hp X gm axetanehit, axit axetic, nc v etanol d.
Cho ton b X tc dng vi dung dch NaHCO 3 (d), thu c 0,56 lit kh CO2 ( ktc). Khi lng etanol
b oxi ho to ra axit l: A. 1,15 gam.
B. 4,60 gam.
C. 2,30 gam.
D. 5,75 gam.
Cu 11: CA.09. Trung ho 8,2 gam hn hp gm axit fomic v axit n chc X cn 100 ml dung dch NaOH
1,5M. Nu cho 8,2 gam hn hp trn tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3, ung nng th thu
c 21,6 gam Ag. Tn gi ca X l
A. axit acrylic.
B. axit propanoic.
C. axit etanoic.
D. axit metacrylic.
Cu 12: HA.09. Cho hn hp X gm hai axit cacboxylic no, mch khng phn nhnh. t chy hon ton 0,3 mol
hn hp X, thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2 ( ktc). Nu trung ha 0,3 mol X th cn dng 500 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Hai
axit l: A. HCOOH, HOOC-COOH.
C. HCOOH, C2H5COOH.

B. HCOOH, HOOC-CH2-COOH.
D. HCOOH, CH3COOH.

Mt s chuyn Ha hc THPT GV: L Kim Hu (0979577657)

Cu 13: HB.09. Khi cho a mol mt hp cht hu c X (cha C, H, O) phn ng hon ton vi Na hoc vi
NaHCO3 th u sinh ra a mol kh. Cht X l
A. etylen glicol.
B. axit 3-hiroxipropanoic.
C. axit aipic.
D. ancol o-hiroxibenzylic.
Cu 14: HB.09. Hn hp X gm axit Y n chc v axit Z hai chc (Y, Z c cng s nguyn t cacbon). Chia
X thnh hai phn bng nhau. Cho phn mt tc dng ht vi Na, sinh ra 4,48 lt kh H2 ( ktc). t chy
hon ton phn hai, sinh ra 26,4 gam CO2. Cng thc cu to thu gn v phn trm v khi lng ca Z
trong hn hp X ln lt l
A. HOOC-CH2-COOH v 54,88%.
C. HOOC-COOH v 42,86%.

B. HOOC-COOH v 60,00%.
D. HOOC-CH2-COOH v 70,87%.

Cu 15: CA.10. Hai cht X v Y c cng cng thc phn t C 2H4O2. Cht X phn ng c vi kim loi Na v
tham gia phn ng trng bc. Cht Y phn ng c vi kim loi Na v ha tan c CaCO 3. Cng thc ca
X, Y ln lt l: A. CH3COOH, HOCH2CHO.
B. HCOOCH3, HOCH2CHO.
C. HCOOCH3, CH3COOH.
D. HOCH2CHO, CH3COOH.
Cu 16: CA.10. t chy hon ton 2,76 gam hn hp X gm CxHyCOOH, CxHyCOOCH3, CH3OH thu c
2,688 lt CO2 (ktc) v 1,8 gam H2O. Mt khc, cho 2,76 gam X phn ng va vi 30 ml dung dch NaOH
1M, thu c 0,96 gam CH3OH. Cng thc ca CxHyCOOH l
A. CH3COOH.
B. C2H5COOH.
C. C2H3COOH.
D. C3H5COOH.
Cu 17: CA.10. Cho 16,4 gam hn hp X gm 2 axit cacboxylic l ng ng k tip nhau phn ng hon
ton vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M v KOH 1M, thu c dung dch Y. C cn dung dch Y, thu c 31,1
gam hn hp cht rn khan. Cng thc ca 2 axit trong X l
A. C3H6O2 v C4H8O2.
B. C3H4O2 v C4H6O2.
C. C2H4O2 v C3H4O2.
D. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2.
Cu 18: CA.10. Cho 45 gam axit axetic phn ng vi 69 gam ancol etylic (xuc tc H 2SO4 c), un nng, thu
c 41,25 gam etyl axetat. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ha l
A. 40,00%.
B. 62,50%.
C. 50,00%.
D. 31,25%.
Cu 19: CA.10. Axit cacboxylic X c cng thc n gin nht l C 3H5O2. Khi cho 100 ml dung dch axit X
nng 0,1M phn ng ht vi dung dch NaHCO3 (d), thu c V ml kh CO2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 336.
B. 112.
C. 448.
D. 224.
Cu 20: HA.10. Tng s cht hu c mch h, c cng cng thc phn t C2H4O2 l
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 1.
D. 3.
Cu 21: HA.10. Hn hp gm 0,1 mol mt axit cacboxylic n chc v 0,1 mol mui ca axit vi kim loi
kim c tng khi lng l 15,8 gam. Tn ca axit trn l
A. axit etanoic.
B. axit propanoic.
C. axit butanoic.
D. axit metanoic.
Cu 22: HB.10. Tng s hp cht hu c no, n chc, mch h c cng cng thc phn t C 5H10O2, phn
ng c vi dung dch NaOH nhng khng c phn ng trng bc l
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 8.
D. 9.
Cu 23: HB.10. Hn hp Z gm hai axit cacboxylic n chc X v Y (M x > My) c tng khi lng l 8,2 gam.
Cho Z tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH, thu c dung dch cha 11,5 gam mui. Mt khc, nu cho Z
tc d ng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Cng thc v phn trm khi
lng ca X trong Z l
A. C2H3COOH v 43,90%.
B. C3H5COOH v 54,88%.
C. C2H5COOH v 56,10%.
D. HCOOH v 45,12%.
Cu 24: HB.10. Hn hp X gm axit panmitic, axit stearic v axit linoleic. trung ha m gam X cn 40 ml
dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt khc, nu t chy hon ton m gam X th thu c 15,232 lt kh CO 2 (ktc) v 11,7
gam H2O. S mol ca axit linoleic trong m gam hn hp X l
A. 0,010.
B. 0,015.
C. 0,020.
D. 0,005.
Cu 25: HB.10. Hn hp M gm axit cacboxylic X, ancol Y (u n chc, s mol X gp hai ln s mol Y) v
este Z c to ra t X v Y. Cho mt lng M tc dng va vi dung dch cha 0,2 mol NaOH, to ra 16,4
gam mui v 8,05 gam ancol. Cng thc ca X v Y l

Mt s chuyn Ha hc THPT GV: L Kim Hu (0979577657)

A. CH3COOH v C2H5OH.
B. CH3COOH v CH3OH.
C. HCOOH v C3H7OH.
D. HCOOH v CH3OH.
Cu 26: HA.11. Hn hp X gm axit axetic, axit fomic v axit oxalic. Khi cho m ga X tc dng vi NaHCO 3
(d) th thu c 15,68 lt kh CO 2 (ktc). Mt khc, t chy hon ton m gam X cn 8,96 lt kh O 2 (ktc), thu
c 35,2 gam CO2 v y mol H2O. Gi tr ca y l
A. 0,8.
B. 0,3.
C. 0,2.
D. 0,6.
Cu 27: HA.11. t chy hon ton x mol axit cacboxylic E, thu c y mol CO 2 v z mol H2O (vi z = y x).
Cho x mol E tc dng vi NaHCO3 (d) thi uc y mol CO2. Tn ca E l
A. axit oxalic.
B. axit fomic.
C. axit aipic.
D. axit acrylic.
Cu 28: HA.11. Trung ha 3,88 gam hn hp X gm hai axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h bng dung
dch NaOH, c cn ton b dung dch sau phn ng thu c 5,2 gam mui khan. Nu t chy hon ton
3,88 gam X th th tch oxi (ktc) cn dng l
A. 1,12 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 2,24 lt.
Cu 29: HA.11. t chy hon ton x gam hn hp gm hai axit cacboxylic hai chc, mch h v u c mt
lin kt i C=C trong phn t, thu c V lt kh CO 2 (ktc) v y mol H2O. Biu thc lin h gia cc gi tr x,
y v V l:
28
28
28
28
A. V (x 62y)
B. V (x 30y) .
C. V (x 30y) .
D. V (x 62y) .
95
55
55
95
Cu 30: HA.11. Ha hi 15,52 gam hn hp gm mt axit no n chc X v mt axit no a chc Y (s mol X
ln hn s mol Y), thu c mt th tch hi bng th tch ca 5,6 gam N 2 (o cng iu kin nhit , p
sut). Nu t chy toan b hn hp hai axit trn th thu c 10,752 lt CO 2 (ktc). Cng thc cu to ca X,
Y ln lt l:
A. CH3-COOH v HOOC-CH2-COOH.
B. H-COOH v HOOC-COOH.
C. CH3-COOH v HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH.
D. CH3-CH2-COOH v HOOC-COOH.