Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Table of Contents
1. Introductions
2. Company Background
3. Common Separation Technologies
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
API/Gravity Separators
Corrugated Plate Interceptors
Induced Gas Floatation (IGF)
Induced Static Floatation (ISF)
Hydrocyclone
Centrifuge
GLR Personnel
API/Gravity Separators
Usually a tank or series of tanks where oil collects on the
waters surface and can be skimmed off
Built according to the API 421 code, based on Stokes Law
Performance of these vessels varies greatly depending on
parameters such as:
Retention time, tank internals, oil properties, physical conditions,
and inlet stream characteristics
To alter the oil properties and improve performance chemicals are
often used
API/Gravity Separators
Pros
Simple Design, No moving
parts, Relatively Inexpensive,
Retrofit Capability, Added Surge
Capacity, some solids removal
Cons
Ineffective with small oil
droplets or emulsified oil,
Require long retention time to
achieve efficient separation
Costs
Capital Costs: $30,000$150,000 +
Operating Costs: Occasional
shutdowns for Cleaning
Cons
Costs
Cons
Costs
Gas is induced into a recycled water stream and then into the produced
water at the bottom of the vessel
The vessel is typically divided in to several cells and in each cell the
gasified water is introduced
Gas bubbles adhere to oil droplets and help float them to the top of the
water
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Pros
Cons
Costs
12
Hydrocyclones
Conical tubes with the fluid stream feed tangentially
into the top of the cone so it swirls around the cone
The spinning motion of the fluid is accelerated by the
tapered shape of the cone
Spinning creates a centrifugal force which pushes the
heavier water out and the lighter oil into the middle of
the cone
The oil is forced out the larger end and the water
continues down the cone and leaves out the tapered
end
The smaller the cone radius the smaller the target
outlet oil concentration in water
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Hydrocyclones
Pros
Cons
Costs
Capital Costs: $75,000-$450,000 +
Operating Costs: Pump to provide necessary pressure and maintenance
costs for regular installation of replacement liners
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Centrifuge
Centrifuge
Pros
High removal rate
Removes solid particles as small
as 2 micron
Cons
Low flow rates
Susceptible to wear resulting in
maintenance costs
Costs
Capital Cost: $150,000
$800,000 +
Operating Cost: motor to spin
the fluid
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3
P-1
Circulation pump
600 usgpm
480V, 3P, 60 Hz, 1800 rpm
70 psi
Eagle Horizontal ANSI, 6X4, 60 HP
1
E-1
GLR Vessel
Capacity: 1.73m^3
Design Pressure: 1000 kPa
Size: 813mm Dia. X 3556mm H.
PI
FM
To relief tank
Gas
PI
PI
Sample
pt.
C
4
To skim tank
E-1
F
M
B
1
GLR skid
Package limits
XYZ Corp - Generic Location
A
GLR Skid Process and Instrumentation Diagram
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Drawn by: N.S.
Approved by: DWL
SIZE
Project #
DWG NO
Tab.
03-269
03-269-01
SCALE
Not to scale
SHEET
REV
A
1 OF 1
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25
Cons
Costs
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Performance
Maximum Removal Efficiencies
28
G
LR
-M
B
F
on
es
H
yd
ro
cy
cl
IS
F
IG
F
ty
100
98
96
94
92
90
88
86
G
ra
vi
% oil removed
Performance
Droplet Size Removal
29
BF
-M
G
LR
Hy
dr
oc
yc
lo
ne
s
IS
F
IG
F
CP
I
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
G
ra
vit
y
Performance
Inlet Oil Concentration Range
yd
ro
cy GL
G
cl R
ra
on -M
C
vi P IG IS e B
ty I F F s F
2000
4000
6000
30
8000
10000
Performance
Average Cost Comparison
$900,000.00
$600,000.00
$300,000.00
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BF
-M
G
LR
Hy
dr
oc
yc
lo
ne
s
IS
F
IG
F
CP
I
G
ra
vit
y
$0.00
SAGD Benefits
Increase in oil recovered/increased revenue
Reduced need for chemicals to enhance
separation
Increased ability to deal with upset conditions
Reduce the likelihood of contamination of the
water treatment facility and the need for
remedial treatment
Increase in water recycle rate
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34
Questions?
Contact us:
Martyn Lutz
Douglas Lee
Email: mlutz@glrsolutions.com
Email: doug@glrsolutions.com
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