Cc yu t tc ng n kt qu hc tp ca

sinh vin chnh quy trng i hc Kinh t

thnh ph H Ch Minh
V Th Tm
Vin m bo cht lng gio dc
Lun vn ThS. ngnh: o lng v nh gi trong gio dc
(Chuyn ngnh o to th im)
Ngi hng dn: TS. Hong Th Xun Hoa
Nm bo v: 2010
Abstract. Kho st v cc ti liu lin quan v cc nghin cu trc y v cc yu
t nh hng n kt qu hc tp (KQHT) ca SV. Gii thiu v cc m hnh xc
nh cc yu t tc ng n KQHT, mt s l thuyt v ng c hc tp, kin nh
hc tp,... v cc gi thuyt v mi quan h gia cc yu t ny vi KQHT, xy
dng cc gi thuyt ph trn c s cc bin kim sot bao gm: gii tnh, ni c tr.
Gii thiu phng php nghin cu s dng nh gi cc thang o lng cc khi
nim nghin cu. Gii thiu cc phn tch thng k m t, nh gi thang o lng
cc khi nim nghin cu, m t cm nhn ca i tng nghin cu v c trng
tm l v c trng hnh vi. Trnh by kt qu kim nh thang o, m hnh l
thuyt v cc gi thuyt.
Keywords. Kt qu hc tp; Cht lng o to; Gio dc i hc; nh gi cht
lng

Content
1. L do chn ti
Trong k nguyn kinh t tri thc, hi nhp quc t su sc v tt c cc lnh vc, cht
lng o to ca trng i hc tr nn quan trng hn bao gi ht, quyt nh s thnh bi
ca mt quc gia. Cht lng o to c phn nh thng qua kt qu hc tp ca SV.
Kt qu ca nhiu nghin cu trong nc v trn th gii v cc yu t tc ng n
kt qu hc tp ca SV, v d nh nghin cu ca Stinebrickner & ctg (2000, 2001a, 2001b)
v nghin cu ca Checchi & ctg (2000). Mt s nghin cu ti Vit Nam nh nghin cu
ca Hunh Quang Minh (2002), nghin cu khc ca Nguyn Th Mai Trang & ctg (2008).
Kt qu ca cc nghin cu cho thy c mi quan h chc ch gia cc yu t thuc c im
ca SV v KQHT. Nhng hin nay, ti Vit Nam cha c nhiu nghin cu v mi quan h
gia cc kha cnh tm l hc tp ca chnh bn thn SV v KQHT, v d nh ng c hc
tp, mc kin nh, cm nhn ca SV v gi tr ca vic hc tp,vv. Trong khi , nghin
cu v mi quan h ny s gip trng i hc hiu bit r hn v nhng vn c bn trong
tm l hc tp ca SV t c nhng k hoch kch thch cn thit lm tng hiu qu
hc tp ca SV cng nh hiu qu o to ca nh trng.

Trong nhng nm gn y, mt thc trng ang xy ra l hin tng SV b hc hay kt

qu hc tp ngy cng km hn. Nguyn nhn l SV phi i din trong mi trng hc tp
bc i hc, mi trng i hi ngi hc phi t lc, sng to v tch cc cng vi phng
php hc tp hiu qu m bn thn ngi hc cha sn sng chun b cho mnh tm l hc
tp cng nh k nng hc tp hiu qu cc bc hc trc . Bc vo ngng ca i hc
khng phi l iu d dng, nhng hc lm sao cho c hiu qu th tht s l vn kh khn
i vi cc bn sinh vin. Do , SV cn phi chun b cho mnh tm l hc tp tt vi mt
phng php hc tp hiu qu th kt qu hc tp s c nng cao, nu khng th mi vic
s ngc li v c chiu hng ngy cng xu hn. Chnh v tm quan trng ca cc yu t
thuc bn thn SV trong vic nng cao KQHT nn vic nghin cu tc ng ca cc yu t
ny n KQHT ca SV l mt yu cu cp bch trong giai on hin nay.
Trng i hc Kinh t TP.HCM, l mt trng trng im ln nht pha Nam, vi
qui m gn 62.000 SV. Vi thc trng KQHT hin nay ca SV ch mc trung bnh, trong
, SV nh gi thp nht vic ng dng kin thc v k nng hc vo thc tin. iu
cho thy nh trng cha tht s gn cht kin thc v k nng m SV thu nhn c vi
nhng g cuc sng thc yu cu h v kt qu l to ra ngun nhn lc khng kh nng
p ng yu cu pht trin kinh t x hi trong k nguyn hi nhp kinh t th gii. V vy,
gp phn nng cao v th ca trng nh l mt trng c b dy kinh nghim, tin phong,
i mi v kh nng cung ng cho nh tuyn dng ngun nhn lc c cht lng th vic
nng cao cht lng o to m c th l nng cao KQHT ca SV l yu cu cp bch trong
giai on hin nay. Chnh v vy, vic nghin cu cc yu t tc ng n KQHT ca SV s
gip cho nh trng pht huy cc yu t tch cc, quan trng v hn ch cc yu t tiu cc
gp phn nng cao KQHT ca SV t nng cao cht lng o to ca nh trng.
2. Mc tiu nghin cu ca ti
Trn th gii c nhiu nghin cu xem xt KQHT bc i hc. Tuy nhin cc nghin
cu ny c thc hin ti cc nc pht trin phng Ty, trong iu kin sng v
hc tp khc rt nhiu so vi nc ta. Hn na cha c nhiu nghin cu xem xt vai tr ca
c im SV vi KQHT ca SV ti trng i hc. V vy, ti nghin cu ny c mc tiu
xy dng v kim nh m hnh biu din mi quan h gia c im SV vi KQHT ca SV
chnh qui ang hc ti HKT. C th nghin cu ny khm ph
Tc ng ca cc yu t thuc c im SV (bao gm: ng c hc tp, cnh
tranh hc tp, kin nh hc tp, n tng trng hc, phng php hc tp)
n KQHT ca SV;
S khc bit v cc tc ng ca cc yu t thuc c im SV v KQHT gia
nhm SV nam v nhm SV n ; gia nhm SV thnh ph v nhm SV tnh.
3. ngha v mt l lun v thc tin
Kt qu nghin cu ca ti s gip cho HKT nm bt c vai tr quan trng ca
c im SV t c nhng k hoch kch thch cn thit lm tng hiu qu hc tp
ca SV cng nh hiu qu o to ca nh trng. Hn na, kt qu nghin cu cng gip
cho chnh bn thn cc SV hiu c tm quan trng ca cc yu t trn t gia tng
KQHT ca mnh trong qu trnh hc tp ti trng.
Kt qu m hnh o lng gp phn gip cn b nghin cu gio dc b sung vo
thang o nh gi cht lng o to ca mnh. Cc thang o kim nh trong ti
nghin cu ny cng gp phn lm c s cho cc nghin cu tip theo s dng, iu chnh v
b sung tng bc c c b thang o c gi tr v tin cy cao, gip cho vic nh gi
cht lng o to bc i hc.
Kt qu ca nghin cu cng gp mt phn lm c s cho cc nghin cu tip theo
trong lnh vc ny c th khm ph thm nhng yu t cng nh tm quan trng ca
chng trong vic lm tng cht lng o to.
4. Phm vi v phng php nghin cu ca ti

Phm vi ca ti
Nghin cu ny ch thc hin ti HKT, i tng kho st l SV chnh quy ang hc
ti trng. Bin ph thuc l KQHT c o lng thng qua kin thc v k nng thu nhn
c ca cc mn hc thuc khi kin thc gio dc i cng. Nhm loi b s nh hng
n KQHT do khc nhau v chuyn ngnh o to v s nm hc tp.
Tc ng ca nh trng (chng trnh o to, ging vin, c s vt cht, v.v...)
khng thuc phm vi nghin cu ca ti. ti ny ch cp n tc ng ca c im
SV (ng c hc tp, kin nh hc tp, cnh tranh hc tp, n tng trng hc, phng
php hc tp) vi KQHT.
Phng php nghin cu
Nghin cu c tin hnh thng qua hai bc chnh: nghin cu s b v nghin cu
chnh thc.
Nghin cu s b thc hin bng phng php nh tnh thng qua phng php
phng vn su vi 12 SV bng phng php phng vn mt - i - mt kt hp vi pht bng
hi thm d cho 30 SV iu chnh cch s dng thut ng thang o.
Nghin cu chnh thc c thc hin bng phng php nh lng thng qua pht
bng hi vi kch thc mu 962 SV nh gi thang o cng nh kim nh li m hnh l
thuyt v cc gi thuyt trong m hnh.
Thang o c kim nh trc tin bng phng php phn tch nhn t khm ph
EFA (Exploratory Factor Analysis) v h s tin cy Cronbach alpha. Cc thang o ny c
tip tc kim nh thng qua phng php phn tch nhn t khng nh CFA (Confirmatory
Factor Analysis). M hnh l thuyt c bn c kim nh thng qua m hnh cu trc tuyn
tnh SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) v m hnh l thuyt vi bin kim sot c kim
nh bng phng php phn tch cu trc a nhm (Multigroup Analysis).
5. Cu hi nghin cu, gi thuyt nghin cu
5.1. Cu hi nghin cu
t c cc mc tiu nghin cu, ti tp trung tr li cc cu hi nghin cu
sau:
Nhng yu t no thuc bn thn SV tc ng n KQHT ca h? Mc tc
ng ca cc yu t ny?
C s khc bit v cc tc ng ca cc yu t thuc bn thn SV v KQHT
gia nhm SV nam v nhm SV n?
C s khc bit v cc tc ng ca cc yu t thuc bn thn SV v KQHT
gia nhm SV thnh ph v nhm SV tnh?
5.2. Gi thuyt nghin cu
KQHT ca SV b chi phi bi nhiu yu t, trong nhm yu t thuc v c im
ca SV (ng c hc tp, tnh kin nh hc tp, cnh tranh hc tp, n tng v trng i
hc v phng php hc tp) ng vai tr ch o.
6. Khch th v i tng nghin cu
6.1. Khch th nghin cu
SV h chnh quy ang hc ti HKT.
6.2. i tng nghin cu
Gm cc yu t: ng c hc tp, kin nh hc tp, cnh tranh hc tp, n tng
trng hc, phng php hc tp v KQHT ca SV chnh quy ang hc ti HKT.

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