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THI CNG P B TNG M LN NH BNH

KT QU V KINH NGHIM
Nguyn Lng Am
L Vn ng
(Cng ty c phn Xy dng 47)
I. VI NT V CNG TRNH
1. Nhim v cng trnh :
- Chng l tiu mn, l sm, l mun, gim nh l chnh v cho dn sinh.
- Cp nc ti cho nng nghip, trc mt cho din tch 15.515ha, sau ny
nng ln t 27.600ha n 34.000ha.
- Cp nc cho cng nghip nng thn v dn sinh.
- Cp nc cho nui trng thu sn.
- X v h lu bo v mi trng, chng cn kit dng chy v xm nhp mn
ca sng.
- Kt hp pht in , N=6600 KW.
2. V tr a l :
- p c xy dng trn thng lu sng Cn, x Vnh Ho, Huyn Vnh
Thnh, Tnh Bnh nh.
3. Cc thng s ca p b tng ngn sng
- Loi p : B tng trng lc
- Cao trnh nh p :
95.30 m
571 m
- Chiu di ton b L:
- Chiu cao p ln nht : 55,30 m
- Chiu rng nh p :
7 m (khng k l dnh cho ngi i b)
4. Khi lng thi cng ch yu h thng u mi
- o t:
293.000 m3
- o :
319.000 m3
- p t:
76.320 m3
- B tng:
423.500 m3
Trong :
+ B tng thng: 240.500 m3
+ B tng RCC:
183.000 m3
- xy lt:
2.200 m3
- Khoan pht x l nn:
9.870 m
II. THI CNG CNG TRNH
1. Nhng phng tin, thit b, dng c phc v thi cng
thi cng RCC, Cng ty phi chun b mt dy chuyn hon chnh vi nhng
hng mc sau y:
1.1. Phn qun l cht lng:
- Thit b o nhit
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- Thit b VEBE
- Bn rung tiu chun
- ng h bm giy
- Khun c mu b tng
- Sng cc c theo quy phm
- Thit b o thi gian ninh kt ca b tng.
- My kim tra cht bng phng x
- B dng c rt ct
- B dng c xc nh m vt liu.
- Phng bo dng mu
- Cn tiu ly v cc dng c khc
1.2. Khu vc sn xut B tng:
* Trm trn RCC : Nng sut 120 m3/h c y cc b phn c bn sau:
+ Phu cp liu c s lng theo s loi vt liu th cu thnh RCC: Ct,
5x20, 20x40, 40x60.
+ Silo tro bay v xi mng.
+ Bn chc nc trung gian
+ H thng cp v o m cc loi ph gia theo thit k.
+ H thng my mc cn o t ng v qun l, lu gi s liu tng ci trn.
* Mt bng trm trn: C din tch b tr cc loi kho:
+ Kho xi mng, kho tro bay mi kho c din tch s dng >200m2.
+ Kho ct, cc loi: Kho ring theo tng loi v cha c lng vt liu
cho t nht mt khi ln nht theo thit k thi cng. Quy m kho cao, rng
xe, my c th thi cng c trong nh kho. Ngoi ra, kho cn lp h thng ti
nc lm mt vt liu, v c h thng phun sng h nhit mi trng khu vc.
+ Kho nc : nc c bm d tr trong b ngm c mi che
1.3. Dy chuyn thi cng RCC:
*Phng tin vn chuyn:
- Xe t t vn chuyn va b tng RCC: S dng loi xe KAMAZ 65115,
HUYNDAI 15TON trng ti 15T, thng ben kn,.
- Xe chuyn trn vn chuyn dng vn chuyn va ct lin kt gia cc khi :
S dng xe chuyn trn KARAZ dung tch thng 6 m3.
* Phng tin san:
- My i : S dng my i chuyn dng KOMASU T41
- Xng, bn trang co sa theo my san v san va lin kt.
* Phng tin m:
- My m lu rung ln: t trng 10 tn, loi c 2 bnh thp, tn s rung theo
quy nh.
- My m lu rung loi nh: dng m ni hp m m ln khng m ti
c.
- My m cc (kiu MIKASA) dng m ni dm nh khng m c.
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- My m di, dng m b tng bin thi. B tng bin thi c st thp v

vy m phi ln theo quy nh d>100. i vi khi ln, thi cng c cng
cao s dng m chm thay th cho m di m bo nng sut v hn ch ng
ngi trn khi .
* Phng tin thi cng b tng bin thi:
- My khuy va cht kt dnh (X,N,tro bay)
- Phng tin vn chuyn: X, thng.
* Phng tin ct khe: (c dng khi thi cng RCC thng khoang)
- My ct khe c lp trn my o: yu cu ct c khe rng, su ti
thiu bng 1 lp 30cm.
1.4. Phng tin h tr:
- My phun to sng: dng gi m cho mt RCC v h nhit khu vc khi .
- My bm ra xe, to p sut ln 5at cho 2 vi ra, lm sch xe my trc
khi chng vo khi .
- My bm p sut cao t 25 n 50at lm sch mt khi trc trc khi
khi mi chng ln.
- My nn kh : thi sch, kh khi trc.
- My nh xm RCC: lm xm khi trc.
- Bt che ma khi RCC cha kt thc ninh kt hoc ang gp ma, bao ti
gai gi m RCC khi tri nng v gi nc khi bo dng. S lng phi ph kn
cho ton b mt khi , ring bao ti gai phi ph gi nc bo dng cho tt c
cc khi thi cng ang ch ngy chng.
2. Thit k thi cng khi RCC
1.1 Cc thng s dng tnh ton:
- Cng cp b tng ca trm trn b tng m ln (tnh an ton t 50% 60% nng sut thit k) trung bnh khong 60 n 70 m3/h. k hiu l q(m3/h)
- Thi gian ninh kt ban u ca RCC: (T1)
- iu kin ngoi hin trng v trong phng lun khc nhau (do ngoi c
nng, gi, nhit cao hn nn ninh kt sm hn. Ti cng trng nh bnh trong
phng th nghim T1 khong 14 gi, hin trng T1 = 10h. Tu theo nhit mi
trng m iu chnh ph gia ko di thi gian ninh kt lun t thi gian trn.
- Din tch ln nht ca lp (Slp).
- Chiu cao block: l chiu cao khi thit k cho php, ph thuc vo quy
nh nhit va u vo. N l bi s ca lp (bi s ca 0,3m)
- Kh nng cung cp vt liu v p ng yu cu thi cng.
2.2. Din tch lp tnh ton [Sn]:
- Theo nguyn tc, lp trn lin k phi c m xong trc khi lp di bt
u ninh kt, m bo mt tip xc vi lp trc lun lun l mt nng th trong
khong thi gian ninh kt ban u T1 vic ri, san, m phi ph kn ti thiu din tch
khi ni trn cng din tch 1 di. Tc l phi thi cng xong 1 lp cng 1 di
trong trong khong thi gian T1.

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- Chiu dy 1 lp m xong l 0,3m, din tch mt thong lp cho php

Sn=(q x T1)/0,3-Sdi. N l din tch tnh ton Sn
2.3. Phn t RCC (chia khi ):
- Phn khi RCC phi tng ng vi nng lc thi cng ca dy truyn b
tng RCC, c th kt cu hng mc, mng li ng thi cng vo khi v
phng php , thc t thi tit, kh nng nhn lc ti thi im thi cng, ti cng
trng thng b tr thi gian thi cng cho 1 khi l 1 m. Nu iu kin thi tit
cho php c th c th b tr 2 m 1 ngy .
- Hn ch phn chia khi nh v tn cng lp t vn khun v tn va cho b
tng bin thi, mt bng thi cng nh s kh khn cho thi cng c gii ho lm mt i
li th ca RCC.
3. Cc phng n thi cng ln p
3.1 Phng n 1: ln u:
- ln u l , san, m ht lp ny mi n lp khc.
- Chn phng php ny p dng cho cc Block c din tch tnh ton ln
nht nh hn din tch nng cho php Sn.
- Phng n ny cng c th thi cng thng khoang khi tng din tch mt 2
hoc nhiu khoang lin k nh hn din tch nng Sn cho php.
3.2 Phng n 2: bc thang.
- Chn phng n thi cng ny khi din tch ca block ln hn din tch
nng Sn cho php. Phng n ny thi cng mt s di lp th nht, khng ch thi
cng ht lp 1, ta quay li chng tip lp 2, ri lp 3 v.v. cc di to nn bc thang c
chiu rng bc bng chnh b rng ca di. Khi chng chiu cao block thit k ta
tip tc thi cng tnh tin cc di cho n khi hon thnh block. Nguyn tc c bn l
tng din tch cc di ang thi cng phi nh hn din tch tnh ton Sn. Phng n
ny ph hp vi chiu cao bock thp, v c bit lu an ton lao ng, c bit
vi t t .
3.3. Phng n 3: nghing (nghing theo hng tim p).
- p dng c im ca RCC l c th thi cng thng khoang, n cng c th thi
cng ln p trn mt nghing n 1/8 (i=12,5%). Cn c vo nng sut cp va ca
trm trn, chiu rng, chiu cao ca block , nghing ti a cho php, p nh
Bnh c nhng Block nghing vi dc 12,5% (ng vo khi ), cng c
ngng block theo phng php ln u v nghing kt hp (p dng cho nhng
Block c chiu di ln.
- Phng php ny p dng rt tt cho cc Block di. Din tch lp lc ny
bng (chiu rng Block x chiu cao block) / dc ca lp . Ta thy n nh hn
din tch block nhiu. Hng nghing ca lp chn theo dc p v dc v pha ng
vo.
3.4. Phng n 4: hn hp ( ln u kt hp nghing theo hng tim p
dc xung pha hng vo)
- Phng n ny p dng cho cc block c chiu rng nh nhng chiu di
ln, khng th ln u c block, nghing li qu tha nng lc. Cng trng
nh Bnh p dng phng n ny rt hiu qu.
4. Chun b mt khi thi cng:
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Ti v tr khi cn m bo cc iu kin sau:

- Thi gian t khi thi cng xong khi trc n lc d nh khi ny phi
thi gian gin cch chng do Thit k quy nh. Vic ny lin quan n ta nhit
ca khi . Cng trnh nh Bnh quy nh 6 ngy mi c chng.
- Cc khi trc, khi thi cng t ny cn i qua phi cng quy
nh, cho php xe my i qua. Ti p nh Bnh cng phi t ti thiu
2,5Mpa, khong 25kg/cm2, thng l sau ngy th 3.
- Mt tip xc vi B tng trc c nh xm, ra sch, thm kh nc
ng.
- Lp t vn khun ng kch thc, ph hp vi khi thit k. Trn vn
khun v cc thnh vch c k du theo di chiu cao tng lp , lp t cc chn b
tng mi p h lu ng bin mi (nu c).
- ng vo khi , trn ng b tr im ra xe, t im ra xe n khi
mt ng c ri si ra sch.
- D kin phng n , theo phng n no, theo hng no, s di trong
1 lp. S lp trn block .
- Tnh ton khi lng cc loi b tng CP2, CP3, va lin kt, b tng bin thi
mi loi l bao nhiu.
- Ti liu th nghim kim tra cht lng X, C,D, tro theo s lng mu yu
cu.
- Bng cp phi RCC cho mi loi va, m khi sp s dng.
C c tt c cc iu kin trn th cng tc chun b khi mi c nghim
thu v nu va cht lng cho php s c php a vo khi .
5. T chc thi cng:
5.1. trm trn:
Tin hnh trn th mt ci trn trn c s cp phi c khu tr m ca
vt liu, nu khng t yu cu phi b, khng c a vo khi . Sau khi trn
xong, tin hnh ngay vic o nhit va, o cng tc Vc, c 2 s liu phi nm
trong gii hn cho php. Sau khi tnh ton hiu chnh cp phi t yu cu th chnh
thc pht lnh thi cng. Trong qu trnh thi cng, nhit v Vc phi c kim tra
cp nht thng xuyn, iu chnh Vc ph hp vi thi tit m cao ngy thp, nng
thp, ma phn cao.
- Tt c cp phi thc t ca tng ci trn u c lu tr trong my tnh, ti
liu ny l b phn ca h s nghim thu bn giao cnng trnh.
5.2. T chc thi cng mt p:
* Cng tc chun b:
- Xe vn chuyn c ra sch trc khi vo trm trn. Cc my i, m, my
ct khe u c ra sch v vo ch trong khi .
- H thng trn va, my m cho BT bin thi cng vt t sn sng.
- H thng phun sng phi c chun b cho nhng ngy nng.
- Chun b sn bt che, dng che khi nng trnh mt nc, v che khi ma
trnh tng nc lm hng RCC.
- Ri va lin kt.
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- Tt c cc xe trc khi i vo khi u phi ra sch lp v gm xe, i vo

ln no phi ra ln y.
* T chc lc lng th cng:
Nhn lc th cng c chia theo ca, tt c c ch huy bi 2 cn b k thut
lm trng ca. Nhn lc v c b tr vo cc v tr: ra xe, trn v vn chuyn va
cho BT bin thi, x l RCC ca lp ri, m BT bin thi, b va RCC cho cc v tr
lm v nhng ni my i khng san c v ph ct khe. Nhim v ca cn b k
thut l iu hnh mi hot ng trong ca theo phng n chn, gii quyt cc
vn pht sinh, ghi chp cp nht s liu tng di , h s ny phi th hin c:
s hiu di , thi gian bt u thi cng v thi gian kt thc, nhit va, cng
tc Vc, nhit mi trng, tnh hnh thi tit t bin, dung trng t c sau khi
m
* Cng tc trn RCC
- Trm trn dng thit b trn cng bc to cht lng RCC ng u v n
nh.
- H thng cn ong ca trm nhy, chnh xc, tin cy cao.
- Lp thit b o nhanh lng ngm nc ca ct liu ht mn v c kh nng t
iu chnh lng nc trn tng ng.
- Thi gian trn, trnh t np liu vo v lng trn ca RCC tun th ng
theo yu cu (xc nh thng qua th nghim hin trng)
- Lng phi liu thnh phn b tng u tnh theo trng lng ca vt liu,
sai lch cho php khi cn o khng vt qu quy nh .
- Trong qu trnh trn RCC lin tc xem xt phiu in kt qu thc t ca m
trn, nu sai s vt qu tr s cho php th phi hiu chnh li h thng cn o ca
trm trn.
- Khong cch t phu ra ca trm xung thit b vn chuyn ( t) khng c
ln hn 1,5m.
- Lng nc trong dung dch cht ph gia phi c khu tr trong lng
dng nc ca cp phi RCC.
* Vn chuyn b tng:
- Cng tc vn chuyn RCC ch yu bng t t
- Khi s dng t t vn chuyn b tng, ng xe chy c lm bng
phng, t trc khi chy vo khi th phi ra sch bnh xe, phng bn, t,
nc mang vo trong khi . Khi xe chy trong khi trnh nhng thao tc lm
hng cht lng b mt lp b tng nh phanh gp, r (cua) gp. Thng xe t c
trang b che nng, che ma c th gim thiu nh hng ca nng gi i vi
do ca b tng.
* Cng tc Ri v san RCC:
- Tin hnh v san theo tng di, ht di ny n di khc v thi cng theo
mt hng nht nh (t thng lu v h lu hoc ngc li)
- Hng ng vo khi lun lun phi nm v tr thi cng sau cng.
- Ti ni phn danh gia CP2 v CP3 lun c san chnh xc, c bit khng
c thiu CP2.
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- Trong qu trnh lun ch trnh hin tng phn tng (ct liu ln tp
trung chn ng, phi cho th cng xc ln, trn li trc khi my i san.
- Chiu dy san 1 lp l (34 - 350 cm, sau khi m cht chiu dy cn 30 cm.
Va ra phi c san m xong trong vng 2 gi.
- Khi lp tip theo phi m bo chc chn lp trc cha n thi gian ninh
kt, nu l mt lnh phi ngng thi cng, x l nh vi 1 khi bnh thng.
- Nhng ni khng san c bng c gii phi san bng th cng.
* Cng tc m RCC
- m RCC c thc hin ngay sau khi san xong di.
- Phng php m ch m tin, li v hng m vung gc vi chiu dng
chy. m ng no phi m lt mi sang ng m khc, tc m 1 n
1,5 km/h, s ln m l 12 ln theo cng thc 2+8+2, tc l 2 ln m u tin m
tnh (khng rung) mc ch to iu kin cho kh thot ra v to mt phng, sau
m 6 lt rung lm cht b tng, cui cng l 2 lt tnh (s lt m c xc
nh thng qua th nghim hin trng).
- ng m bn cnh gi ln ng m trc t nht 10cm.
- Ti 2 u di v my m khng m qua 2 bnh nn tnh m thm
lt cho cht.
* Thi cng b tng bin thi
- B tng bin thi ch yu dng vo cc v tr khng c th m ln c nh
st mt b tng c, st mt vn khun, ch mi dc gn b, ch c ct st dy c, ch
chn sn vt chn nc, chung quanh hnh lang ...
- B tng bin thi c thi cng dn tng lp theo cng b tng m ln, chiu
dy lp ca b tng bin thi cng ging vi chiu dy san phng khi .
- Thi cng b tng bin thi dng phng php thm va, trc tin san b tng
cho bng chiu dy ca lp m ln. Dng qu chy to l, rt va vo trong l v
dng m di m u n cho ti khi b mt b tng bin thi ni va.
* Ct khe co gin:
- Khe co gin c to thnh bng bin php: dng li ct c m t rung h
tr lp trn cn my o ct vi nguyn tc ct khe m bo ng v tr khe co gin
thit k, lp no ct lp , sau khi ct xong, cho tm nha vo to ngn cch.
* Bo dng RCC :
- Xy dng mt h thng ng bm nc t di Sng ln bn cha v h
thng ng t chy xung khi m bo lun nc phc v cng tc bo dng.
Ngoi ra cn s dng bin php phun sng v bao ti dng h.
- Sau khi b tng RCC va ninh kt bt u dng h gi m khng cho kh
trng mt. i vi khe thi cng nm ngang v khe lnh, vic ti nc dng h cn
duy tr cho n khi bt u b tng RCC lp trn hoc 28 ngy ty theo iu kin
no n trc. i vi nhng mt b tng l ra ngoi (l ra ngoi vnh vin) thi gian
dng h khng c di 28 ngy.
6. Qun l cht lng RCC
nh gi cht lng RCC thng qua cc cng tc th nghim kim tra,. cng
tc th nghim kim tra hin trng bao gm: Th nghim kim tra cht lng vt liu
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u vo: nh xi mng, tro bay, ct , dm... th nghim kim tra hn hp RCC cha
ng kt bao gm: th nghim kim tra cng tc Vc, thi gian ninh kt, dung trng
trong phng, dung trng hin trng.... th nghim kim tra cng v chng
thm .
6.1. Qun l cht lng vt liu :
Cng tc khng ch cht lng vt liu thi cng RCC ln p bao gm cc
vt liu sau: Xi mng , ct, dm, ph gia khong v ph gia ho hc.
* Xi mng
Vic kim tra khng ch cht lng xi mng bao gm cc cng tc sau:
- Xi mng lun c cht lng n nh, cung ng kp thi ch ng trong thi
cng.
- Tnh ton lp nh kho cha xi mng ph hp, kho cha xi mng m bo kh
ro trnh dt
- Mi l xi mng nhp v, u c chng nhn cht lng thng qua phiu kim
tra ca nh sn xut ng thi phng th nghim kim tra li cht lng xi mng ca l
xi mng mi nhp.
* Ct
- Tn sut kim tra cht lng ct l theo l, mi l ct khong 350 m3 . Ti ni
tp kt ct phi lm nh che, mc ch lm gim nhit khi tri nng v khng
ch m ca ct nh hn 6% khi tri ma.
- S dng ct sng Cn cho b tng m ln, ct trc khi a vo s dng
phi sng qua sng 10mm v khng ch hm lng trn sng 5mm khng vt qu
10%.
* dm
- dm trong b tng m ln c phi trn t 2 c ht (cp phi 2) v 3 c
ht (cp phi 3).
- Tn sut kim tra dm l theo tng l, mi l khong 200m3 kt qu th
nghim kim tra t yu cu mi a vo s dng. dm c tp kt trong cc nh
che vt liu nhm gim bt nhit cho RCC.
* Tro bay
- i vi b tng m ln , tro bay c coi nh mt thnh phn trong cht kt
dnh. Mt khc tro bay cng c coi l mt phn cht n ci thin b mt b tng
m ln khi m v xt ti h s Vp/Vm.
- Tro bay c kim tra theo tng l, c nh che nh xi mng. c bit lun
khng ch m ca tro bay trc khi a vo s dng, trnh trng hp tro bay ht
m vn cc s lm tt ng dn khi trm trn vt hnh, t nh hng n cht
lng v tin thi cng b tng m ln .
* Ph gia ho hc
- Tnh cht quan trng nht ca ph gia ho dng cho RCC l kh nng ko di
ninh kt ( S ninh) ca b tng gip qu trnh thi cng c lin tc ng thi c tc
dng gim nc, gim lng dng cht kt dnh cho cp phi b tng, dn n nhit
trong b tng cng gim, hn ch ng sut nhit trong b tng.

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- Ph gia s dng ti cng trnh l loi SIKA TM20 l ph gia ho do cho b

tng do hng SIKA cung cp vi chc nng chnh l ko di thi gian ninh kt cho b
tng (vic chn loi ph gia s dng thng qua th nghim)
6.2. Qun l cht lng hn hp RCC
- Cn dng cn phi liu b tng m ln ca trm trn mi nm kim
nghim, hiu chnh mt ln.
- Vic o kim tra cht lng b tng c th tin hnh ly mu bt k lc no
ming my trn, hng mc v tn sut o kim tra c tin hnh theo s quy nh
sau:

Tr s Vc

Tn sut o kim

Mc ch o kim

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Hng mc
kim tra

o kim tnh kh m ca b tng

m ln.
Khng ch nhit
Kim nghim cht lng b tng
m ln v cht lng thi cng

C 2h mt ln

C 2h ~ 4h mt ln
C (300~500m3) mt mu
Cng
khng 300m3, t nht
khng nn
mi ca ly mu
Khi iu kin thi tit bt li (gi ln, tri ma, nhit cao) th phi tng thm
thch hp s ln o kim tra Vc
6.3. Qun l cht lng RCC ti hin trng:
Khi tin hnh b tng ti p tin hnh cc cng tc kim tra sau
Yu cu kim tra
Tn sut kim tra
Tr s Vc
2h mt ln
Ly mu kim tra cng
Theo yu cu thit k R7,R28
v R90
Tnh hnh ct liu phn ly
Khng ch ton qu trnh
Thi gian gin cch ca 2 lp RCC Khng ch ton qu trnh
Khng ch ton qu trnh
Thi gian t b tng cho nc
vo trn n hon tt m ln
Nhit b tng a vo khi 2h ~ 4h mt ln
- Xc nh chng thm ca b tng m ln: Thit b v dng c th
nghim cng ging nh b tng thng ch khc phn khi to mu.
- Kim tra dung trng m nn: dng my o phng x o cht v
m. Mi khoang RCC 100 - 200 m2 t nht c 1 im kim tra, mi lp t nht
c 3 im kim tra. Ly kt qu o dung trng bng my phng x sau khi m sau 10
pht lm cn c nh gi dung trng m.
7. Qun l nhit trong thi cng RCC
- Trc khi trn RCC: phi s b tnh nhit hn hp va thng qua cc
thng s nhit ca cc vt liu cu thnh RCC. Nu n thp hn nhit cho php
mi c trn th nh ni trn.

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- tnh nhit hn hp va trn c s nhit cc thnh phn, ta c th

dng cng thc tnh nhit ca hn hp b tng sau khi trn tnh (khng k nhit
thu ho) Tiu chun ngnh 14 TCN 65 2002 ph lc A2:
Tb=[Cx*Tx*X + Cc*Tc*C + Cd*Td*D + Tn*N] : Cb(X + C + D + N)
Cb=[Cx*X+Cc*C+Cd*D+N] : (X+C+D+N)
Cx=Cc=Cd=0.2 l t nhit ca xi mng, ct,
Tb;Tx; ;Tc;Td; Tn l nhit ca hn hp b tng(b), Ximng (X), Ct(C),
(D), v nc(N).
- Trong sut qu trnh thi cng phi lun o nhit ca va v nhit mi
trng, tt c c ghi chp lu tr trong h s khi .
- Sau khi thi cng xong, phi to 1 l ng knh khong 30 mm bng cch
ng cy st v khi , sau nt li bo v, tuyt i khng c nc vo l.
Chng ta s o nhit hng ngy thng qua l ny vi tn sut gi mt ln. Kt qu
o ti cng trnh nh sau:
+ Khi dng CP2 c lng X= 105 kg: Nhit hn hp va u vo 29 trong
qu trnh ninh kt nhit b tng trong lng khi tng ln theo thi gian, v t
cc i ngy th 6 t 38,5 n 39 ty theo nhit mi trng v chiu dy khi
.
+ Khi dng CP3 c lng X= 70 kg: Nhit hn hp va u vo 30 , trong
qu trnh ninh kt nhit b tng trong lng khi tng ln theo thi gian, v t
cc i ngy th 6 t 34,5 n 35 ty theo nhit mi trng v chiu dy khi
.
- Trong 2 trng hp trn, nhit tng thm ln lt l 10 v 5 . Trong
khi nhit tng (on nhit) theo th nghim ca vin nghin cu l 24 ng vi b
tng CP 2 v 20 i vi CP3. Nh vy nhit tng thm thc t hin trng bng
khong 50% trng hp on nhit. Theo ti liu thng k ca mt s p trn th gii
(nh p Upper Stiilwater) nhit tng thm ti a ti hin trng bng 45% trong
trng hp on nhit. Trong iu kin nhit mi trng nh Bnh tng i cao,
ta nhit km hn, thm tr giai on u RCC cn hp th nhit ca mi trng nn
c cao hn l hon ton ph hp vi thng k trn th gii.
III. MT S BI HC RT RA T THC T THI CNG CNG TRNH
1. Cng tc thit k
1.1. Phng n kt cu p
- Do p dng cng ngh RCC trong xy dng cng trnh nn kh nng c gii
ho cao, thi cng nhanh. Khc vi b tng thng, RCC c th thi cng thng khoang
nn khi b tng tng i ln (n 3000 m3), nu iu kin cho php, thit b v
nhn lc y c th thi cng ln p lin tc khng ngng.
- Tuy nhin i vi cng trnh nh Bnh, trong thn p b tr kh nhiu chi
tit nh: Cng dn dng, cng x su, cng ly nc, hm cha phai nn to nhiu
gc cnh v nhng khu vc din tch nh trong khi RCC, phn nh ca p b
rng tng i nh, nhng yu t ny gy rt nhiu kh khn trong thao tc thi cng
c gii, lm chm cng thi cng khi , khng pht huy c ht vi u th
cng ngh b tng m ln.

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- D gi l p RCC nhng khi lng RCC cha chim u th trong tng cng
khi lng b tng xy dng p (chim gn 50%).
1.2 Cp phi b tng m ln
- p b tng nh Bnh s dng 2 cp phi (CP2 v CP3), ct liu dm ln
nht Dmax = 60mm, xi mng PCB40, ph gia hot tnh tro bay. Ni chung n nay
cng trnh thi cng theo 2 cp phi trn hon ton n nh. Cht kt dnh l nhng sn
phm sn xut trong nc, ct liu c khai thc s dng ti ch nn thun li cho
cng tc thi cng.
Tuy nhin c mt s vn cn ch nh sau
- Cha t ra v gii quyt trit bi ton ng sut nhit trn c s l thuyt nn
cng tc khc phc ng sut nhit cho khi RCC trong giai on u cn rt b
ng, chiu cao mt t tng i thp (phn chn p mi t ln p khng qu
90cm tng ng vi 3 lp ) nn khi lng khi khng ln, iu ny nh hng
n vic y nhanh cng thi cng cng trnh.
- Cp phi ch chn mt loi ph gia hot tnh l tro bay, khng c phng n
cp phi d phng cc loi khc nn cng tc thi cng hon ton ph thuc vo ngun
cung cp tro bay nn nu nguyn nhn khch quan no ngun cung cp tro bay b
ngng tr s gy b ng cho n v thi cng.
2. Cng tc thi cng
n nay cng tc thi cng p nh Bnh sp hon thnh, RCC m bo
cht lng v m thut. c c kt qu trn Cng ty thc hin tt cc cng tc
sau
- Thit k t chc thi cng cng trnh chi tit v hp l, v l cng trnh ln u
tin c p dng cng ngh RCC nn cng ty hp ng vi Vin kho st thit k
Cn Minh - Trung Quc t vn xy dng cng trnh.
- Cn c vo H s thit k, cc yu cu k thut xy dng cng trnh, thit k
t chc thi cng, cng ty ch ng u t mua sm thit b c chng y ,kp
thi t dy chuyn thi cng RCC n thit b qun l cht lng thi cng.
- Chun b ngun nhn lc y , t chc cho cn b k thut nghip v cng
ty tham gia cc hi tho, cc lp tp hun, bi dng v cng ngh RCC; tham quan,
hc tp thi cng cc cng trnh RCC tng t ti Trung Quc p dng vo thi cng
cng trnh.
IV. KIN NGH
1. i vi cng tc thit k
- Ch nn b tr RCC nhng on p c chiu di > 15m. v nhng on p
c chiu di ngn rt kh khn trong cng tc thi cng, tr trng hp nhng on ny
c th thi cng thng khoang c.
- Tnh ton chiu rng di b tng bin thi nhng v tr tip gip vi vn
khun ti thiu phi bng 2/3 chiu cao ca mt khi v khng nh hn 0,5m, v
khu vc ny b tr cc dy no vn khun nn khng th san m bng c gii.
- Phn b tng RCC on nh p ( tr b rng phn b tng bin thi) nn
thit k c chiu rng ti thiu bng 5m khong lu thng cho 2 ln thit b di
chuyn ra vo thi cng.

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- Theo nguyn tc, m bo s lin kt tt gia 2 lp RCC th lp trn lin

k phi c m xong trc khi lp di bt u ninh kt, cn phi tnh ton vi
thm vi trng hp thi cng lp trn khi lp di lin k ang trong thi gian bt u
ninh kt
- Trong thit k cp phi RCC cn tn dng ti a vt liu c sn ti a phng
gim bt gi thnh xy dng cng trnh, tuy nhin ct sng t nhin thng kh t
yu cu hon ton v hm lng ht mn rt thp dn n tnh chng thm v lin
kt km.V th cn tnh ton tng thm lng ht mn m bo cht lng RCC.
- Mt yu t rt quan trng m bo cht lng ca RCC l s lin kt cc lp
trong qu trnh thi cng, yu t ny ph thuc rt nhiu vo cng tc Vc. Thit
k cp phi khng nn qu cao m khong 8s - 10s l tt.
- Mt ng thi cng t vn chuyn va RCC vo khi t im ra xe
n khi phi ri si, dm hoc lt tm b tng c ra sch ( trnh mang
cht bn vo khi ) ch phc v thi cng cho duy nht cho 1 t thi cng ln p
(chiu cao 1 t ). Khi thi cng khi tip theo chng ln trn, mt ng ny
phi c lm li hon ton. Tnh tng cng phc v thi cng cho ton p khi lng
ny l rt ln, ngh trong tnh ton gi thnh xy dng cng trnh n v thit k
phi tnh n khi lng ny.
2. i vi cng tc thi cng
- Trong qu trnh san m RCC s xut hin hin tng tri nc trong hoc
tp trung s nhiu cc ht ct liu ln khng thy ni va ti cc im cc b trn mt
b tng va m, phi mc b trit cc trng nc v thm nc xi mng (nc
va dng cp phi b tng bin thi) vo cc im khng ni va tng s lin
kt cho b tng.
- Cc khi thi cng xong t cng 2,5Mpa cho php t vn chuyn
va RCC c i qua thi cng khi pha bn trong, khi i qua khi ny
khng nn ch tp trung i theo mt tuyn duy nht m phi i theo nhiu tuyn,
nhng im quay xe phi ri lp m trnh lm nh hng n cht lng khi
ny.
KT LUN
p dng cng ngh RCC l mt bc tin quan trng trong cng tc xy dng
cng trnh ca nc ta. Tuy nhin c c mt cng trnh m bo cht lng v
m thut cn phi hi t y tt c mi yu t c bn, t cng tc tnh ton thit k
hp l n cng tc thi cng, qun l kim sot cht lng khoa hc./.

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