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Diagrammatic Test 1

Solutions Booklet

AssessmentDay
Practice Aptitude Tests

Q1

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: D
From the key we see that the given operator changes the shading of all hourglass items. In the input
diagram there are two hourglasses, items 1 and 3. 1 is unshaded, while 3 is shaded. In the output
diagram, therefore, item 1must be shaded and 3 unshaded. Solutions C and D both fulfil this criteria.
As the operator effects only hourglasses, item 2, the square, must remain unchanged. The missing
diagram can therefore only be D.

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Q2

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: C
rd

From the key we see that the first operator mirrors the 3 item in the x axis, while the second swaps
st
rd
the 1 and 3 items. Working in reverse from the output diagram, the crescent has been swapped
with the slash, making the slash the third item, and therefore the item mirrored in the x axis. C shows
the items in the right order with the slash mirrored, and is therefore the correct solution.

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Q3

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: A
rd

The easiest approach here is to work backwards. The final operator mirrors the 3 item, but we can
see this has not happened, and further that the item is different compared to the input diagram, so we
st
st
rd
consider the previous operators. The 1 operator switches the 1 and 3 items, which has been done.
st
rd
We can see that the 1 item, which should be a slash mirrored in the x axis by the 3 operator, is now
rd
an hourglass, which is symmetrical and therefore not visibly affected by the 3 operator. The only
operator in the key which replaces slashes with hourglasses is the one shown in A, which is therefore
the correct solution.

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Q4

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: B
st

st

From the key we see that the 1 operator shades the 1 item; this has no visible effect, because the
st
st
1 item is already shaded. The second operator makes the 1 item half-size. Solution B is the only
one in which the square is half-size and shaded while the other items remain unchanged; it is
therefore the correct solution.

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Q5

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: D
The 1st operator makes all items half size, but in the output diagram, none of the items have been
changed. Therefore the missing operator must cancel or reverse the effect of the 1st . The only
possibility is the one shown in D, which changes the size of all triangles, thereby restoring them to full
size. The correct answer is therefore D.

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Q6

Which operator, if any, has no apparent effect in this process?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: A
st

rd

The 1 and 3 operators have clearly had an effect, as the only top-shaded square has moved 2
nd
positions left, and not been mirrored in the y axis, as it would have been in 2 position when this
nd
operator came into effect. The 2 operator, which mirrors items in the y axis, has also been effective,
st
rd
since the original 1 and 3 items have both been mirrored. The answer is therefore A.

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Q7

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution D:
st

rd

nd

nd

In the output diagram, the 1 and 3 items have been changed by the 2 operator, but the 2 item
has also changed, from shaded to unshaded. The only operator, shown in D, which affects shading of
nd
st
the the 2 item, also removes shading from the 1 item, which has already occurred. The solution is
therefore D.

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Q8

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: D
The 1st operator swaps the 1st and 2nd items, moving the hourglass to 2nd and the semicircle to 1st
position. The 2nd operator then shades the (new) 2nd item, resulting in a shaded hourglass in 2nd
position. The 3rd operator replaces the 1st and 3rd items with a copy of the now-shaded hourglass,
resulting in 3 shaded hourglasses in the output diagram, as shown in D.

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Q9

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: B
nd

Working in reverse, the 2 operator mirrors the sequence in the y axis; in the input diagram the items
st
should be in reverse order, with the slash and square inverted. The 1 operator removes shading
st
nd
entirely from the 1 and 2 items, which are the circle and slash, so this operator gives no further
clue. The only solution in which the items are in the correct order and configuration is B.

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Q10

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: B
nd

nd

Working in reverse, we know that the 2 operator mirrors the 2 item, so we are looking for a
nd
st
st
mirrored crescent as the 2 item. The 1 operator replaces the 1 item with a square, but does not
st
change size or shading, so we are looking for any full-size, unshaded item in the 1 position. The only
solution fitting both criteria is B.

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Q11

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: C
st

rd

The 1 operator rotates the 3 item 90 degrees clockwise, so we are looking for a small square with
nd
st
the bottom left corner shaded. The 2 operator mirrors the 1 item in the x axis, so we are looking for
a large square with the top right corner shaded. C is the only solution to fit both criteria.

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Q12

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: D
st

nd

The 1 operator replaces the slash with a square; the 2 has no effect on the circle. There are no
further changes to the output diagram, so the operator must be ineffective. Mirroring the arrow will
st
have no effect. The 1 item is already a square. Rotating the circle has no effect. Mirroring the square
has no effect. None of the operators would have any effect on the output diagram, and the correct
solution is therefore D.

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Q13

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: B
st

rd

nd

The 1 operator makes the 3 item full size, which should result in a full-size shaded triangle. The 2
however changes the size of all items, returning the triangle to half-size, and also reducing the square
to half-size and increasing the crescent to full size. B is therefore the correct solution.

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Q14

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: D
The 1st operator swaps the 1st and 2nd items, moving the hourglass to 2nd and the semicircle to 1st
position. The 2nd operator then shades the (new) 2nd item, resulting in a shaded hourglass in 2nd
position. The 3rd operator replaces the 1st and 3rd items with a copy of the now-shaded hourglass,
resulting in 3 shaded hourglasses in the output diagram, as shown in D

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Q15

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: A
st

rd

The 1 operator changes the size of all items, which has occurred in the output diagram. The 3
nd
rotates the 2 item 180 degrees; however, the square in the output diagram is unchanged compared
rd
to the input diagram, indicating that the 3 operator restored the square to its original state; it must
nd
nd
rd
already have been rotated by the 2 operator. The 2 operator must therefore be identical the 3
operator the answer is A.

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Q16

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: D
Working in reverse, the 2nd operator has shaded the 2nd item, indicating either an unshaded or
already-shaded slash in the input diagram. The 1st operator has replaced shaded items with squares,
so the 1st and 3rd items could have been either shaded squares already, or any other shaded item,
ruling out A; B is ruled out because the 1st item is the wrong size. The order of operators is crucial: if
the slash had been shaded in the input, it, too, would be a square in the output; thus C must be ruled
out. D is therefore the correct answer.

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Q17

What operator can be removed from the process without changing the output?
(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: C
st

nd

The 1 operator has no effect on the triangle due to its symmetry in the y axis. The 2 operator has
rd
changed the shading of the arrow. The 3 operator has no effect on the arrow, which is already full
size. The two operators which have no effect are therefore shown in C.

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Q18

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: A
rd

st

Working in reverse, the 3 operator rotates the 1 item clockwise, so we are looking for an upright
nd
st
st
triangle. The 2 operator makes the 1 item full size, so the triangle could be half or full size. The 1
st
operator mirrors all triangles in the y axis, so we are still looking for an upright triangle in the 1
rd
position, and the same in the 3 position, since upright triangles have symmetry in the y axis. The
square is unchanged. This configuration is shown in solution A.

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Q19

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: A
st

rd

nd

In the output diagram, the 1 and 3 items are unchanged while the 2 item has been mirrored in the
y axis. As mirroring in the y axis has no effect on the symmetrical hourglass, the missing operator is
st
nd
the one in solution A, which mirrors the 1 and 2 items in the y axis.

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Q20

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: D
nd

nd

rd

Working in reverse, the 2 operator swaps the 2 and 3 items, so we are looking for a triangle in 2
rd
st
rd
position and a square in 3 . The 1 operator shades the original 3 item, the square, which could
nd
already have been shaded; therefore the correct solution has a shaded triangle in 2 position and a
full-size square of any shading in 3rd. This configuration is shown in D.

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nd

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Q21

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: D
st

nd

nd

The 1 operator results in a downward-pointing triangle in 2 position. The 2 operator swaps this
rd
st
nd
triangle with the square. The 3 mirrors the 1 item, still the crescent, and the new 2 item, now the
square, in the y axis. So we are looking for a mirrored crescent, followed by a square shaded in the
bottom left corner, followed by a downward-pointing triangle. This configuration is shown in solution D.

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Q22

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: B
The 1st operator swaps the 1st and 2nd items, resulting in a semicircle in 1st position and an
hourglass in 2nd . The 3rd operator replaces shaded items with squares, which would result in an
unshaded semicircle followed by 2 shaded squares, as shown in the output diagram; therefore the
missing operator must have had no other effect. The operator in A would satisfy this, as would the
additional operator in B. The additional operator in C would have resulted in 3 hourglasses, which
would have become 3 squares in the output. The answer in therefore B.

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Q23

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: C
rd

Working in reverse, the 3 operator rotates crescents anticlockwise, so we are looking for a crescent
nd
nd
nd
pointing downwards in 2 position. The 2 operator removes shading from the 2 item, so the
st
crescent could be either shaded or unshaded in the input diagram. The 1 operator shades squares,
so the square in the input diagram could have any shading. The only solution with the crescent in the
correct rotation is C.

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Q24

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: C
st

nd

The 1 operator results in fully shaded squares in all positions. The 2 operator then unshades the
rd
rd
nd
square in 3 position. The 3 operator results in an unshaded square in 2 position. The correct
solution is therefore C.

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Q25

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: B
st

nd

nd

The 1 operator results in a right-pointing triangle in 2 position; the 2 operator results in the slash
and triangle being rotated anticlockwise, which rotates the triangle back to its original upward position.
This configuration is shown in B.

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Q26

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: A
Working in reverse, the 2nd operator has mirrored the 2nd and 3rd items in the x axis, so we would
expect a downward-pointing semicircle in 2nd position (ruling out answers C and D), while the
operator has no effect on the square in 3rd position. The 1st operator has made the 1st and 2nd items
full size; therefore those items could have been either half or full size in the input diagram. No
operators effect shading, ruling out answer B. A is therefore the correct answer.

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Q27

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: C
The 1st operator replaces the two triangles with crescents. The 2nd operator then mirrors the
crescents in the x axis, which has no effect, as the crescents have symmetry in the x axis. The final
operator replaces the 1st and 3rd items with hourglasses. No operators change rotation or shading,
so the correct configuration is a shaded hourglass followed by an unshaded crescent, then another
shaded hourglass. This configuration is shown in C.

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Q28

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: D
nd

nd

Working in reverse, the 2 operator should have changed the size of the two squares, so the 2 item
rd
in the input diagram would be a full-size partly-shaded square, and the 3 item a half-size shaded
st
nd
nd
square. However, the 1 operator makes the 2 item full size, so the 2 item could be either a fullnd
size square, in which case the operator had no effect, or a half-size square, in which case the 2
operator changed it back again. The arrow is unchanged. The only solution with a partly-shaded
nd
rd
square in 2 and a half-size shaded square in 3 position is D, which is the correct answer.

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Q29

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: C
st

st

nd

The 1 operator changes the size of squares, resulting in half-sized squares in the 1 and 2 position
rd
rd
and a full-sized square in 3 . The 3 operator has changed all the squares to crescents, without
altering their size or configuration. The missing operator must therefore have changed the size of the
nd
st
2 item, which is the operator given in C. A repeat of the 1 operator would also have changed the
rd
st
rd
size of the 2nd item, but as all items were squares prior to the effect of the 3 operator, the 1 and 3
items would also have been returned to their original state, which has not happened. Therefore the
solution is C.

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Q30

What replaces the question mark?


(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D
(E) E

Solution: A
st

nd

nd

The 1 operator makes the 2 item a full-size unshaded square. The 2 operator results in a halfnd
rd
size slash in the 1st, and a full-sized slash in the 2 positions. The 3 operator changes the size of
rd
the only remaining square, resulting in a half-size square in 3 position. The solution matching this
configuration in shown in A, which is the correct answer.

-- End of Test --

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