IU CH

TN
1. iu ch
acid boric

2. iu ch
sulfur kim
loai
3. iu ch va
xet tinh bn
cua Fe(II)
Fe(III)
hydroxyd

Hoa cht

Hin tng

Na2B4O7 + H2O (un nong,

dung pH th mau) -> X
Dd X + HCl (lam lanh)

pH=10 mau
xanh

Na2B4O7 + 5H2O+2HCl -> 2NaCl + 4H3BO3

1. Pb(CH3COO)2+Na2S

kt tua trng
uc
tua en

Pb(CH3COO)2+Na2S-> PbS+ 2CH3COONa

2. SbCl3+Na2S

tua vang cam

2SbCl3+3Na2S-> Sb2S3+ 6NaCl

3.SnCl2+Na2S
a) iu ch
1. FeSO4+NaOH

SnCl2+Na2S-> SnS+2NaCl
FeSO4+ 2NaOH->

Fe(OH)2+ Na2SO4

FeCl3+ 3NaOH ->

Fe(OH)3+3NaCl

tua o nu

Fe(OH)3 ngoai kk
CuSO4+NH4OH 2M
( thm NH4OH cho n
khi tua tan h.toan)
a) iu ch Zn(OH)2
C1: NaOH 2M + Zn
C2: ZnCl2 + NaOH

5. iu ch va
khao sat tinh
cht cua kem
hydroxyd
Zn(OH)2

kt tua trng
xanh

2. FeCl3+NaOH
b) Xet tinh bn
Fe(OH)2 ngoai kk

4. iu ch
phc ng(II)

tua nu

Phng trinh

b) tinh cht Zn(OH)2

*gan ly tua cach 2
1/ Zn(OH)2 + NaOH

Trng xanh->
o nu
Khng i mau

4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O-> 4Fe(OH)3

Tua xanh thm

CuSO4+2NH4OH -> Cu(OH)2+ (NH4)2SO4

Cu(oh)2 + NH4OH-->[Cu(NH3)4](OH)2+H2O

Zn it tan, khi bay Zn + NaOH + H2O --> Na2[Zn(OH)4] + H2

ln
Kt tua trng ZnCl2+2NaOH-> Zn(OH)2+2NaCl

Tua trng, cho

nhiu NaOH
thi tua tan it

Zn(OH)2 +2 NaOH-> Na2ZnO2+ 2H2O

Zn(OH)2 +2 HCl-> ZnCl2 + 2H2O

2/ Zn(OH)2 + HCl

3/ Zn(OH)2 + NH4OH

Tua tan nhanh

hn ng 1, dd
trong sut
Tua tan nhanh,
dd trong sut

Zn(OH)2 + 4NH4OH-> [Zn(NH3)4](OH)2 + 4H2O

TINH CHT
TN
1. Tinh cht
cua ion
thiosulfat
(S2O3) 22. Tinh cht
khng bn cua
H2S2O3

HOA CHT

HI N TNG

PHNG TRINH

Na2S2O3 + iod 0,1 M

( iod mau tim en )

Mt mau iod,
dd trong sut

2Na2S2O3 + I2-> 2NaI + Na2S4O6

Na2S2O3 + HCl 2M (i 1
phut )

Dd trng uc
dn chuyn
sang vang uc

Na2S2O3 + 2HCl -> 2NaCl + S + SO2+ H2O

Kt tua xanh
lam

Cr3+ + NaOH-> Cr(OH)3 + Na+

tua tan, mau

xanh ngoc

Cr(OH)3 + 3HCl-> CrCl3 + 3H2O

tua tan, mau

xanh ru
cho H2O2 mau
xanh la ma, un
nong ra mau
vang

Cr(OH)3 + NaOH-> NaCrO2 + 2H2O

NaCrO2+ H2O2 + NaOH-> Na2CrO4 + H2O

a) iu ch
Cr3+ + NaOH 2M
b) Tinh cht
1. Cr(OH)3 + HCl
3. Tinh cht
cua Cr 3+ trong
hp cht
Cr(OH)3

2. Cr(OH)3 + NaOH
tip tuc thm H2O2 3%
vao ng 2, un nong

a) iu ch
Mn2+ + NaOH
b) Tinh cht
1/ Mn(OH)2 ngoai kk
4. Tinh cht
cua Mn(OH)2
2/ Mn(OH)2 + HCl
3/ Mn(OH)2 + H2O2

Kt tua trng
nga

Mn2+ + NaOH -> Mn(OH)2+ Na+

Thanh ng no
mau nu vang

2Mn(OH)2+O2+2H2O-> 2Mn(OH)4
Mn(OH)4 --> MnO2 + H2O

Tua tan, mau

nu en

Mn(OH)2+2HCl-> MnCl2 + 2H2O

Sui bot khi, dd

co mau en
5. Tinh cht
cua Mn(IV)
trong hp cht
MnO2

MnO2 + H2SO4 2M +
H2C2O4

Sui bot khi , tan

MnO2

Mn(OH)2+ H2O2 -> MnO2 + 2H2O

MnO2+H2SO4 +H2C2O4 -> MnSO4+ 2CO2+

2H2O

a) iu ch
NiCl2 + NaOH

6. tinh cht cua

Ni(OH)2

b) Tinh cht
1/ Ni(OH)2 + HCl
ngoai kk
2/ Ni(OH)2+ NaOH

Cn it tua, tua
mau uc
Khng hin
tng

NiCl2 + 2NaOH -> Ni(OH)2+ 2 NaCl

Ni(OH)2 + 2HCl -> NiCl2 + 2H2O

Tua chim ay
ng no

Ko phan ng

Tua khng tan ,

sui bot khi

2Ni(OH)2 + H2O2 -> Ni3O4 + H2O

1/ KMnO4+H2SO4+
Na2S2O3

Mt mau thuc
tim, cho
Na2S2O3 tua
trng uc

KMnO4+H2SO4+ Na2S2O3 -> 4K2SO4+8MnSO4+

5Na2SO4+7H2O

2/ KMnO4+NaOH+
Na2S2O3

Dd mau tim
m, cho
Na2S2O3 mau
xanh la m

KMnO4+NaOH+Na2S2O3 -> 2Na2MnO4 +

Na2S4O6 2KOH

3/ KMnO4+H2O+
Na2S2O3

Dd mau tim
trong, cho
Na2S2O3 co mau
nu o

c) Tinh kh
Ni(OH)2 + H2O2

7. Tinh cht
cua KMnO4

Tua xanh ngoc

bich

KMnO4+ H2SO4+KI
tao dd X
Dd X + dung mi
chloroforom

Kt tua tim than

Co hin tng
tach lp (giot
du mau tim)

KMnO4+H2O+Na2S2O3 -> 3K2SO4+2KOH+

8MnO2 + 3Na2SO4

2KMnO4+ 8H2SO4+10KI -> 5I2 +6K2SO4+

2MnSO4+ 8H2O

1.Tnh cht
Mg(OH)2

a. iuch
MgCl2 + NaOH
b. Xt tinh cht
1.Mg(OH)2 + NaOH
2.Mg(OH)2 + HCl
3.Mg(OH)2 + NH4Cl

2.Tinh cht
nhm Al

1. Al + HCl
2. Al + NaOH

3. Tinhcht
Al(OH)3

1.AlCl3+NaOH, +
NaOH

Tua trng uc

MgCl2 + 2NaOH -> Mg(OH)2 + 2NaCl

Khng hin
tng
Tua tan, dd
trong sut
Tua tan, dd
co mui khai
Sui bot khi
Al tan chm,
co bot khi
Tua tan 1 it

Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + 2H2O

Mg(OH)2 +2 NH4Cl -> MgCl2 + 2NH3
+2H2O
Al + 3HCl -> AlCl3 + 3/2 H2
Al + NaOH + H2O ->NaAlO2 + 3/2H2
Al(OH)3 + NaOH -> NaAlO2 + 2H2O

Tua tan ht
2.AlCl3+NaOH, +
HCl
1. H2O2 + MnO4

4. Tinhcht
Sui bot khi,
H2O2
mau xam en
(hydroperoxy
d)
2. H2O2 + H2SO4 + KI Khng mau,
+ KI mau o
cam
3. H2O2 + H2SO4
+ KMnO4
Mt mau
KMnO4
TN
1.Tinh kh
cua Pb(II)
2.Tinh kh
Sn(II) (P
nh tinh
Bi3+)

Al(OH)3 +3HCl->AlCl3 + 3H2O

H2O2 ---> O2 + H2O (MnO2 ng vai tr
xc tc )
H2O2 + H2SO4 + KI ---> K2SO4 + I2 + H2O

5H2O2 + 3H2SO4 + 2KMnO4

-> 2MnSO4 + 5O2 + K2SO4 + 8H2O

TINH KH
HA CHT
HT
PHNG TRNH
2+
Pb(CH3COOH)2 0.5M Tua trng, khi
Pb +2 NaOH ->Pb(OH)2 + 2Na+
+ NaOH 2M + H2O2 cho H2O2 thi
Pb(OH)2 + H2O2 -> PbO2 +2H2O
3%
tua vang
Bi(NO3)3 +NaOHc + Tua trng, khi Bi(NO3)3+3NaOH -> Bi(OH)3 + 3NaNO3
SiCl2
cho SiCl2 thi Bi(OH)3 + 3 SnCl2 + 6 NaOH = 2Bi +
3Sn(OH)4 + 6 NaCl
tua en

3.Tinh kh
h/c S(II)

KMnO4 + H2SO4 2M
+ Na2S

Lam mt mau 8KMnO4 +12 H2SO4 +5Na2S -->

tim, dd trong 8MnSO4+ 5Na2SO4 + 4K2SO4+12H2O
sut

4.So sanh
tinh kh cua
ion
haloganid
Cl-,Br-,II > Br >Cl

1.NaCl + H2SO4 2M
+KMnO4

Khng mau,
cho KMnO4
thi tua en

2 KMnO4 + 10 NaCl + 8 H2SO4 => K2SO4 +

2 MnSO4 + 5 Na2SO4 + 5 Cl2 + 8 H2O

2.NaBr + H2SO4 2M
+ KMnO4

Khng mau,
cho KMnO4
thi mau vang

2 KMnO4 + 10 NaBr + 8 H2SO4 => K2SO4 +

2 MnSO4 + 5 Na2SO4 + 5 Br2 + 8 H2O

Mau vang
m
Mt mau
thuc tim

8NaI +5H2SO4 -> 4Na2SO4 + 4I2 +H2S

+4H2O
10FeSO4 +8H2SO4 + 2KMnO4 -->
5Fe2(SO4)3 +2MnSO4 +K2SO4 +8H2O

3.NaI +H2SO4 2M

5.Tinh kh
Fe(II)

6.So sanh
tinh kh Fe
va Cu

Tinh oxy ha
Cr6+ trong hc
K2Cr2O7

1. FeSO4 + H2SO4
2M + KMnO4
0.05M

2. FeSO4 + HCl
FeSO4 + K3[Fe(CN)6] = KFe[Fe(CN)6] +
2M
+
K2SO4
K3[Fe(CN)6]
0.5M
inh sang bong + inh b phu 1
CuSO4 + Fe -> FeSO4 + Cu
CuSO4
lp o trn b
mt

TINH OXY HA
1. K2Cr2O7
+ Dd nu en,
K2Cr2O7+7H2SO4+6KI-->
H2SO4 2M + tua lng
Cr2(SO4)3+3I2+4K2SO4+7H2O
KI
xung
2. K2CrO4
Dd o gach,
+H2SO4 (gan tua) khi cho
+ C2H5OH
C2H5OH tua
tan, dd xanh
la m

2K2CrO4+8H2SO4+3C2H5OH
-->3CH3COOH+2Cr2(SO4)3+2K2SO4+
11H2O

1.nh tinh MgCl2( hoc nc

cua Mg2+
may ) + NH4OH 2M
->dd X
Dd X + NH4Cl 2M +
Na2HPO4 0,5M

2.nh tinh NiCl2 0,5M + NH4OH

cua Ni2+
2M+ dd
(png
dimetylglioxyme
TSUGAEP
)
3.nh tinh 1. FeCl3 + HCl +
Fe3+ ( tao
KSCN
phc
Fe(III))
2. FeCl3 + HCl +
K4[Fe(CN)6]

NH TINH
Kt tua trng
uc cua
Mg(OH)2

MgCl2+2NH4OH -> Mg(OH)2 + 2NH4Cl

Mg(OH)2+2NH4Cl -> MgCl2 + 2NH3
+2H2O

Thm NH4Cl
tua tan, cho
MgCl2+ NH4OH + Na2HPO4->
Na2HPO4 lai
MgNH4PO4 + 2NaCl + H2O
xut hin kt
tua trng uc
Mau xanh
NiCl2+NH4OH -> Ni(OH)2+ H2O
ngoc nhat,
khi thm dd
dimetylglioxy
me thi dd
mau hng
o cam m FeCl3 + 6KSCN -- > K3[Fe(SCN)6] + 3KCl.

sXanh dng
m

4 FeCl3 + 3 K4Fe(CN)6 = Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 + 12

KCl

Chuyn dch cn bng gia ion cromat va bicromat

TN
1/ Chuyn t
cromat sang
bicromat
2/ chuyn t
bicromat sang
cromat

HOA CHT

HIN TNG

PHNG TRNH

K2CrO4 + H2SO4

Vang chuyn
sang cam

2K2CrO4 + H2SO4 -> K2SO4 + K2Cr2O7 + H2O

NaOH + K2CrO4 + H2SO4

( dd ng trn)

Cam chuyn
sang vang ban
u

K2Cr2O7 + 2NaOH -> H2O + K2CrO4 +

Na2CrO4

TINH IT TAN CA MUI CROMAT

1/ BaCl2 + K2CrO4
(gan tua+CH3COOH )

Mau vang chanh

Tan 1 phn

2/ SrCl2 + K2CrO4
(gan tua+CH3COOH )

Mau vang nhat

Tua tan nhanh

3/ CaCl2 + K2CrO4
(gan tua+CH3COOH )

Ko mau
Ko hin tng

4/ Pb(NO3)3 + K2CrO4
(gan tua+CH3COOH )

Vang
Ko tan

5/ AgNO3 + K2CrO4
(gan tua+CH3COOH )

o gach
Ko tan

BaCl2 + K2CrO4 = BaCrO4 + 2 KCl

CaCl2 + K2CrO4 = CaCrO4 + 2 KCl

2 AgNO3 + K2CrO4 = Ag2CrO4 + 2 KNO3

TINH TAN
TN
HA CHT
HIN TNG
PHNG TRNH
1.Tinh tan cua mui 1. bt acid
t tan
KL kim
salixylic + H2O
Tan nhiu
2. mui
natrisalixylat
+H2O
2. Tinh tan trong nc cua hydroxyd KL kimth
a. iu ch
Mg2+ +
kt tua trng
Mg2+ + NaOH -> Mg(OH)2+Na+
Ca2+ + NaOH ->Ca(OH)2 + Na+
NaOH
Sr2+ + NaOH ->Sr(OH)2 + Na+
Ca2+ +
Ba2+ + NaOH -> Ba(OH)2 + Na+
NaOH
Sr2+ +
NaOH
Ba2+ +
NaOH
b. So
Mg(OH)2
Tua nhiu nht
Tua it hn ng 1
snhtnh
+H2O
Tua it hn ng 2
tan
Ca(OH)2 +
Tua it nht
H2O
( X(OH)2 + H2O, ly
tm, gan tua, +H2O)
Sr(OH)2 +
H2O
Ba(OH)2 +
H2O
3. khao sat tan trong acid cua mui sulphat KL kim th
a. iuch
MgCl2 +
Khng phan ng

b. So
snhtnh
tan
(XSO4 + H2O, ly
tm, gan tua, +HCl)

H2SO4
kt tua trng uc
kt tua trng sa
CaCl2 +
kt tua trng uc
H2SO4
SrCl2 +
H2SO4
BaCl2 +
H2SO4
CaSO4 + 2HCl Tt ca u khng
SrSO4 + 2HCl
tan
BaSO4 + 2HCl

CaCl2 + H2SO4 -> CaSO4 + 2HCl

SrCl2 + H2SO4 -> SrSO4 + 2HCl
BaCl2 + H2SO4 -> BaSO4 + 2HCl

KHO ST BN CA BC HYDROXYD AgOH

NH4OH 2M + AgNO3
( 1 phut + thm
NH4OH 6M)

Tua vang nu, yn 1 phut

thi co bui en , cho NH4OH
6M bui en tan, dd trong sut

2 NH4OH + 2 AgNO3 = Ag2O + H2O + 2 NH4NO3

Ag2O + 4 NH4OH --- > 2[Ag(NH3)2]OH +
3H2O

KH NNG TO PHC CA AgX

1/ AgCl + NH4OH
2/ AgBr + NH4OH

AgCl + 2 NH4OH = 2 H2O + [Ag(NH3)2]Cl

Tt ca ng no u co tua tan 1
phn

AgBr + 2 NH4OH-> 2 H2O + [Ag(NH3)2]Br

3/ AgI + NH4OH
1/AgCl + Na2S2O3
2/ AgBr + Na2S2O3

AgI + NH4OH -> 2 H2O + [Ag(NH3)2]I

AgCl + Na2S2O3 -> Na3[Ag(SO3S)2] + NaCl
Tt ca cac ng no co tua tan hoan
toan

3/ AgI + Na2S2O3

AgBr + Na2S2O3-> Na3[Ag(SO3S)2] + NaBr

AgI + Na2S2O3-> Na3[Ag(SO3S)2] + NaI

S THY PHN
TN
1.S thuy phn 1 s
loai KL kim

HA CHT
1. KNO3 + H2O

HIN TNG
PH=7 ko mau

2. KCl + H2O

PH=7 ko mau

3. K2CO3 + H2O

PH=11 mau xanh

PHNG TRNH

Co32- + H2O -> HCO3- + OH-

tim

2.S thuy phn cua

Sb(III) va Bi(III)

1. SbCl3 + H2O
2. Bi(NO3)3
+H2O

1.Tinh oxy
hoa kh cua
NaNO2

1.

2.

2. Tinh kh
va oxy hoa
cua S(IV)
trong hp
cht Na2SO3

1.

2.

Kt tua trng uc
nhiu va c

Kt tua trng nhng

it hn ng 1
Bi(NO3)3 +2H2O -> 2HNO3 +
BiNO3(OH)2

TINH OXY HA KH
KI + H2O +H2SO4
Kt tua tim en cua I2 va
2M + NaNO2
khi hoa nu ngoai kk
NO
KMnO4 + H2O +
H2SO4 + NaNO2
Mt mau KMnO4 , dd
trong sut
Na2SO3+H2SO4
2M+KMnO4
Na2SO3+H2SO42M
+Na2S

SbCl3 + H2O -> 2HCl +

SbOCl

2NaNO2 + 2KI +2H2SO4

-> I2 + NO+ K2SO4 +
Na2SO4+ 2H2O

5NaNO2+2KMnO4+2H2S
O4->
5NaNO3+2MnSO4+K2SO4
+3H2O
Ko mau, luc sau dd mau 2KMnO4+3H2SO4+5Na2S
xanh nhat
O3 -> 2MnSO4+ K2SO4+
5Na2SO4+3H2O
Vang nhat

Na2S + H2SO4 + Na2SO3

-> S + Na2SO4 + H2O

Con phn khao sat tan cua AgX (TN 3 - bai 9 ) va tinh tan cua PbX2 ( TN 6 - bai 5) em b sung thm nhe
Nhng ni dung phia trn cung phai xem lai vi hin tng mi ngi ra khac nhau va mt s phng trinh
cha chc a chinh xac - Chuc em thi tt nhe !!!