Professional Documents
Culture Documents
WORKSHOP TECHNOLOGY
CHAPTER 1
HAND TOOLS
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HAND TOOLS
1. SCRIBER
2. CENTRE PUNCH
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3. PRICK PUNCH
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4. DIVIDER
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5. SURFACE PLATE
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6. VEE BLOCK
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7. L SQUARE
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8. STEEL RULER
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12. FILE
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PROCEDURE TO FILING
Purpose of Filing
1. Smooth Strokes
2. Hard Strokes
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3. Oblique Strokes
4. Pull Stroke
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PINNING
- Pinning refers to the clogging of the file teeth
with pins, which are material shavings.
- These pins cause the file to lose its cutting
ability and can scratch the work piece.
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FILES ARE SELECTED DEPENDING ON :1. The shape of the face or edge to be filed.
2. The hardness of the material to be filed.
3. The size of the face to be filed.
4. The amount of filing and the surface finish,
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13. HAMMER
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TYPES OF HAMMER
1. Ball Peen
- Normally used in machine workshop, the peen
in this case is rounded and is usually used for
shaping metal and closing rivets.
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3. Claw Hammer
- The most popular hammer foe general work,
available with a wooden glass-fibre or steel
handle.
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14. CHISEL
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COLD CHISEL
- A cold chisel is a tool made of tempered steel
used for cutting cold metals, meaning that
they are not used in conjunction with heating
torches.
- Cold chisels are used to remove waste metal
when a very smooth finish is not required or
when the work cannot be done with other
tools, such as a hacksaw, file, bench shears or
power tools.
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HOT CHISEL
- A hot chisel is used to cut metal that has been
heated in a forge to soften the metal.
- One type of hot chisel is the hardy chisel,
which is used in an anvil hardy hole with the
cutting edge oriented up.
- The hammer drives the work piece into the
chisel, which allows it to be snapped off with a
pair of tongs.
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Set of taps
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Tap wrenches
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Die holder
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VERNIER CALIPERS
-Vernier calipers are precision tools used
to make accurate measurements to within
0.001 in or 0.02 mm, depending on
whether they are inch or metric vernier
calipers.
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VERNIER CALIPERS
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3.
4.
5.
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REVIEW QUESTIONS
Read the following metric caliper setting :a)
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b)
c)
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d)
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MICROMETER
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PARTS OF MICROMETER
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1. Frame
- The C-shaped body that holds the anvil
and barrel in constant relation to each
other. It is thick because it needs to
minimize flexion, expansion, and
contraction, which would distort the
measurement.
- The frame is heavy and consequently has
a high thermal mass, to prevent
substantial heating up by the holding
hand/fingers.
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2. Anvil
- The shiny part that the spindle moves
toward, and that the sample rests against.
3. Sleeve / barrel / stock
- The stationary round part with the linear
scale on it. Sometimes vernier markings.
4. Lock nut / lock-ring / thimble lock
- The knurled part (or lever) that one can
tighten to hold the spindle stationary, such
as when momentarily holding a
measurement.
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5. Screw
- (not seen) The heart of the micrometer, as
explained under "Operating principles". It
is inside the barrel. (No wonder that the
usual name for the device in German is
Messschraube, literally "measuring
screw".)
6. Spindle
- The shiny cylindrical part that the thimble
causes to move toward the anvil.
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7. Thimble
- The part that one's thumb turns.
Graduated markings.
8. Ratchet stop
- (not shown in illustration) Device on end of
handle that limits applied pressure by
slipping at a calibrated torque.
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171=17
10.5=0.5
110.11=0.11
=17.61 mm
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REVIEW QUESTIONS
1) Read the following standard micrometer
setting.
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