Professional Documents
Culture Documents
^ c l
c l gi (gi)
u c l u
c l
t c l th
d c l
k c l c
t c l ch
d c l gi (gi)
j nu j ng trc mt nguyn m th c l d, v d: [jes] c l: ; Nu
j ng sau mt ph m th c l i, v d: ['stjudnt] c l:
w c l qu
: c ko di m trc n
' Du ' trc m no th m b thm du sc vo, cc m cn li phi t
ng thm du huyn hoc du nng vo, v d: ['stjudnt] c l:
f c l ph
kl c l k
sn c l sn
ra c l roa
ei c l y
nl c l n
n c l sn (un cong li)
re c l roe
eik c l ch k
ml c l m L
tn c l thn
ri c l ruy
eid c l t
kn c l kn
ig c l ch g
ed c l t
el c l eo
fn c l phn
id c l t
d c l t
tl c l th
vn c l vn
il c l iu
sl c l s
bl c l b
ln c l ln
l c l s (un li)
dn c l gn
tn c l chn
> c l o
>l c l oong (ci xoong)
fruticulum
/fru:'tikjulm/
fugacious
/fju:'geis/
absent
/'bsnt/
abstemiously
/b'sti:mjsli/
bacciform
/'bk;sifrs/
foldable
/'fouldbl/
foliation
/fouli'ein/
obituary
/'bituri/
right
/rait/
shipwreck
/'iprek/
shipwright
/'iprait/
shipyard
/'ipja:d/
shoeblack
/'u:blk/
shoestring
/'u:stri/
shredding
/'redi/
shrapnel
shredder
/'rpnl/
/'red/
shrift
/rift/
swim
/swim/
swear
/swe/
swearer
/'swer/
taeniafuge
/'ti:nifju:d/
take
/teik/
tangency
/'tndnsi/
Letter
Letter name
Pronunciation
/e/
bee
/bi/
cee
/si/
dee
/di/
/i/
ef (ef as a verb)
/f/
gee
/di/
aitch
/et/
haitch
/het/
/a/
jay
/de/
jy
/da/
kay
/ke/
el or ell
/l/
em
/m/
en
/n/
/o/
pee
/pi/
cue
/kju/
ar
/r/
ess (es-)
/s/
tee
/ti/
/ju/
vee
/vi/
double-u
ex
/ks/
wy or wye
/wa/
zed
/zd/
zee
/zi/
izzard
/zrd/
Consonants Ph m
p- c nh ch p ca ting Vit
b - c nh ch b ca ting Vit
t - c nh ch t ca ting Vit
tt - c nh ch t ca ting Vit
city, better
d - c nh ch d ca ting Vit
K c nh ch C ca ting Vit
g - c nh ch g ca ting Vit
- c nh ch ch ca ting Vit
f - c nh ch f ca ting Vit
v - c nh ch v ca ting Vit
c nh ch th ca ting Vit
c nh ch ca ting Vit
s - c nh ch s ca ting Vit
z - c nh ch z ca ting Vit
h - c nh h ca t.V
m - c nh m ca t.V
n - c nh n ca t.V
Vai tr nh vn ng ca
t.V
(ch ng cui t)
l - c nh ch L ca ting Vit
r - c nh ch r ca ting Vit
j c nh ch z (nhn mnh)
hoc kt hpvi ch u ju c iu
w w
Vowels Nguyn m
- c i nh trong t.V
e - c e nh trong t.V
- c o nh trong t.V
- c nh trong t.V
- c nh u (trn mi ko di)
trong t.V
e - c nh vn y trong t.V
a - c nh m ai trong t.V
- c nh m oi trong t.V
- c nh m u trong t.V
a - c nh m ao trong t.V
mouth/ma/, now
- c nh m ia trong t.V
e - c nh m ue trong t.V
thought, law
- c nh m o trong t.V
- c nh m ua trong t.V
i - c nh m i trong t.V
happy/hpi/
- c nh trong t.V
about /bat/
u - c nh u trong t.V
infuence /infuns
l - c nh m u trong t.V
result /rizlt/
//
Thng thng, m // s c hin th bi mu t -aCch pht m: c ging m e (hi pha a) trong ting Vit, khi c li t thp, ming
dt, khe
mi rng ra hai bn.
luyn tp
can can a
can.
There is
a sad
man near
a bad
can
and
a bad van.
//
m // c hin th bng cc mu t -a-; -ar; -ua-; v -auCch pht m: c nh m a trong ting Vit, hi ko di, un li.
Luyn tp
park /pk/, are /(r)/,
bartender /btend(r)/, art /t/,far/f(r)/,
father /f(r)/, car, /k(r)/, ask /sk/, star, scar, farmer, bar, March,aunt, father /f(r)/,
car /k(r)/, far /f(r)/, start /stt/, hard /hd/, heart/ht/, smart /smt/, guard /d /,
aunt /nt/
The
bartender
is
parking his
car
near
my
father.
//
Cch pht m: c nh m o trong ting Vit, trn mi, hi ko di.
m //c hin thi bng cc mu t -a- (trong t c mt m tit tn cng
bng ll), o- (trong nhng t c nhm or + ph m), -au-, -aw-, -oa- (khi ng trc
r)
Luyn tp
walk /wk/, door /d(r)/, for /f(r)/, torn /tn/, wall /wl/
floor, glory, thought, gorgeous, board, daughter, small, call
gorgeous
wall
outside
the
do
or.
/d(r)/.
/I/
Cch pht m: c nh m i trong ting Vit. Khi c, li a hng ln trn v ra
pha trc,
khong cch mi trn v di hp, m rng ming sang 2 bn.
m // c hin th bi mu t -i-, -ui-, -a- (trong nhng t 2 m tit tn
cng bng age), -e- (trong cc tip u ng re, de, be).
Luyn tp
his /hz/, drink /drk /, display /dsple/, building /bld/, destroy /dstr/,
business /bzns/
/i/
Luyn tp
clean /klin/, sleep /slip/, street /strit/,
scene, sea, tea, cheap, sheep, machine, complete, receipt, relief, belief
//
Cch pht m: c nh m o trong ting Vit, pht m trn mi.
m // c hin th bng mu t -o-.
Luyn tp:
on /n/, project /prdekt/, office /fs/
wash, clock, block, college, pond, conversation
//
Cch pht m: c nh m s trong ting Vit. Khi c, li t st chn rng, trn mi,
lung hi i ra xt qua k rng. m // c hin th bi cc mu t -c-, s-, -t- (khi ng trc ia hoc io), -ch-,-sh-.
Luyn tp
finish/fn/, machine /min/
sociable, ensure, pressure, she, ship, schedule, shadow, shampoo, function, potential
//
Cch pht m: c nh m trong ting Vit, khi c ming m va phi, li a ln
trn, lung hi i ra ngn. m // c hin th bng cc mu t -a-, -e-, o-,-u-, -ou-
Luyn tp
offer /f(r)/, information /nfmen/, introduce /ntrdjus/,
semester /smest(r)/,
letter, figure, calendar, around, accept, banana, famous, dangerous
//
Cch pht m: c nh m trong ting Vit, ming m va, un li v hi ko di.
m // c hin th bng cc mu t -o-, -u-, -i-, -ea- (thng c r theo sau).
Luyn tp
further /f(r)/, first /fst/
bird, burn, word, burden, world, early, girl, sir,
//
Cch pht m: c nh m trong TV, ming m va, li a v pha sau.
m // c hin th bng cc mu t -o- (trong cc t c mt m tit hoc
m c nhn ca nhng t c hai m tit), -u- (trong cc tip u ng), oo-, -ou-.
Luyn tp
sunshine /snan/, us /s/, discuss /dsks/
love, wonderful, cut, much, dump, sunny, blood, flood, country, touch
/e/
Cch pht m: - c nh m y trong ting Vit. Khi c, ko di m / e/ v kt thc ti
m //, m // c ngn v nhanh. m /e/ c hin th bi nhng mu t
-a- (trong nhng t c mt m tit tn cng a+ph m+e), -a- (trong
nhng t nhiu m tit tn cng l ion, ian),
-ai-, -ay-, -ea-, -ei-, -ey-
Luyn tp
wave /wev/, break /brek/, take /tek/, pay /pe/, display /dsple/,
paint /pent/,
shade,hate gate,nation, baby, neighbor, straight, day, face, safe, nation, great,
obey,
/a/
Cch pht m: - c nh m ai trong ting Vit. m ny bt u bng m // ri nng
ln thnh m //. Khi pht m // ming m rng v n //ming hp
dn. m / a/ c hin th bi cc mu t -i- (trong nhng t c mt m tit
tn cng bng i+ph m+e), -ei-, -ie-, -ui-, -uy-
Luyn tp
fly /fla/, kite /kat/, fight /fat/, outside /atsad/, sunshine /snan/,
climb /klam/, bike /bak/, sign /san/
silent, island, guide, fine, dine, mine, fine, dine, behind, neither, height, lie, die,climb,
guide, guy, silent, client, high
//
Cch pht m: c nh m u trong ting Vit. m // c hin th bi cc mu t o- (khi ng cui mt t), -oa-, -ou-, -ow-.
Luyn tp
smoke /smk/, hold /hld/, low /l/,home /hm/, drove/drv/
go, mosquito, coat, road, home, hole, slow, pole, ago, potato, soul, though,
window, coat, goat, control, post-office, vote
/a/
Cch pht m: c nh m ao trong ting Vit. u tin pht m // sau ming hi
ng li, li di chuyn ln trn v ra pha sau nh khi pht m /u/, m
ng sau ngn v nhanh.
m /a/ c hin th bng cc mu t -ou-, -ow-.
Luyn tp
outside /atsad/, soundly /sandli/, down /dan/
//
Cch pht m: c gia m tr v m ch trong ting Vit. Khi c, li t st vm
ming, trn mi, bt hi. m // c hin th bng cc mu t -d-, -g-.
Luyn tp
original /rdnl/, just /dst/, enjoy /nd/
soldier, schedule, bridge, gym, German, geology, language, judge, college
/t/
y l hnh thc c nh m /t/ thnh m /d/ trong ting Anh. Hc vin xem xt mt s t sau c
xut hin trong bi:
Cch thng thng
Cch c trong bi
water
/wt(r)/
/wd(r)/
graffiti
/rfiti/
/rfidi/
letter
/let(r)/
/led(r)/
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
M NI
Trong cc bi nghe Toeic, nhng ngi bn x thng c ni cc m gn nhau ng iu cu ni
c mm mi, t nhin.
Vic ni m gia hai t ng st nhau din ra khi mt t tn cng l mt ph m v t tip theo bt
u bng mt nguyn m.
Xt cc v d sau:
///bld//z nd(r)//knstrkn/
///fs//bld//zpn//f(r)//
///t//zn//dsple//n////mju
bzns/
zim/
/a//nid//t//tekat/
Not at all.
/nttl/
/dst//skfju//hv//eni//m(r)//
/bjutfl//snanit//de/
prblmz/
/f//ju//nid//f(r)nf
men//(r)//wnt /t/
/sanp//eni//v//iz ktvtiz/
Introduce you to
/ntrdjus ju//t/
This year
/sj(r)/