Bi tp chng ANDEHIT - AXIT: n thi i hc

Ti liu lu hnh ni b

ANEHIT - XETON
Cu 1 (C-2010). Anehit no mch h X c cng thc n gin nht C2H3O. Cng thc phn t
ca X l
A. C8H12O4
B. C6H9O3
C. C2H3O
D. C4H6O2
Cu 2 (C-07). Trong cng nghip, axeton c iu ch t
A. xiclopropan.
B. propan-1-ol.
C. propan-2-ol.
D. cumen.
Cu 3 (C-07). Cho 2,9 gam mt anehit phn ng hon ton vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O)
trong dung dch NH3 thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca anehit l
A. HCHO.
B. CH2=CH-CHO. C. OHC-CHO.
D. CH3CHO.
Cu 4 (B-2010). H n hp M g m an hit X (no, n chc, mch h v hircacbon , c t ng s
mol l 0,2 (s mol ca X nh hn ca . t ch hon ton M, thu c 8,96 l t h CO2 ( tc
v 7,2g H2O. Hircacbon l
A. CH4
B. C2H2
C. C3H6
D. C2H4
Cu 5 (B-2010). Cho phn ng: 2C6H5-CHO + KOH C6H5-COOK + C6H5-CH2-OH
Phn ng n chng t C6H5-CHO
A. va th hin t nh oxi ha, va th hin t nh h.
B. ch th hin t nh oxi ha.
C. ch th hin t nh h.
D. hng th hin t nh h v t nh oxi ha.
Cu 6 (A-2010 . Cho m gam h n hp etanal v propanal phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 43,2 gam t ta v dung dch cha 17,5 gam mu i amoni ca hai
axit hu c. Gi tr ca m l
A. 9,5.
B. 10,9.
C. 14,3.
D. 10,2.
Cu 7 (A-2010). Axeton c iu ch bng c ch oxi ho cumen nh oxi, sau thu phn trong
dung dch H2SO4 long. thu c 145 gam axeton th lng cumen cn dng (gi s hiu sut
qu trnh iu ch t 75% l
A. 300 gam.
B. 600 gam.
C. 500 gam.
D. 400 gam.
Cu 8 (CA-2008): Cho dy cc cht: HCHO, CH3COOH, CH3COOC2H5, HCOOH, C2H5OH,
HCOOCH3. S cht trong d tham gia phn ng tr ng gng l
A. 3.
B. 6.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 9 (CA-2008): Cho h n hp g m 0,1 mol HCHO v 0,1 mol HCOOH tc dng vi lng d
Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3, un nng. Sau khi cc phn ng x ra hon ton, h i
lng Ag to thnh l
A. 43,2 gam.
B. 10,8 gam.
C. 64,8 gam.
D. 21,6 gam.
Cu 10 (CA-2008): t chy hon ton mt anehit X, thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O.
Nu cho X t c dng vi lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3, sinh ra s mol Ag
gp b n ln s mol X phn ng. Cng thc ca X l
A. HCHO.
B. CH3CHO.
C. (CHO)2.
D. C2H5CHO.
Cu 11 (CA-2009): Hiro ho hon ton h n hp M g m hai anehit X v Y no, n chc,
mch h, tip nhau trong dy ng ng (MX < MY), thu c h n hp hai ancol c kh i
lng ln hn h i lng M l 1 gam. t chy hon ton M thu c 30,8 gam CO2. Cng thc
v phn trm h i lng ca X ln lt l
A. CH3CHO v 49,44%.
B. HCHO v 50,56%.
C. HCHO v 32,44%.
D. CH3CHO v 67,16%.
Cu 12 (CA-2009): Cho 0,1 mol h n hp X g m hai anehit no, n chc, mch h, tip nhau
trong dy ng ng tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng thu c
32,4 gam Ag. Hai anehit trong X l
A. CH3CHO v C2H5CHO.
B. HCHO v C2H5CHO.
C. HCHO v CH3CHO.
D. C2H3CHO v C3H5CHO.
Cu 13 (A-2008): S ng phn xeton ng vi cng thc phn t C5H10O l
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 3.
D. 4.
GV: Nguyn Ph Hot

Nm hc: 2010 - 2011

Bi tp chng ANDEHIT - AXIT: n thi i hc

Ti liu lu hnh ni b

Cu 14 (A-2008): Cho 3,6 gam anehit n chc X phn ng hon ton vi mt lng d Ag2O
(hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3 un nng, thu c m gam Ag. Ho tan hon ton m gam Ag
bng dung dch HNO3 c, sinh ra 2,24 l t NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, tc . Cng thc ca X
l
A. C3H7CHO.
B. HCHO.
C. C4H9CHO.
D. C2H5CHO.
Cu 15 (A-2008): un nng V lt hi anehit X vi 3V lt kh H2 (xc tc Ni) n khi phn ng
x ra hon ton ch thu c mt h n hp kh Y c th tch 2V lt (cc th tch kh o cng iu
kin nhit , p sut . Ngng t thu c cht Z; cho Z t c dng vi Na sinh ra H2 c s mol
bng s mol Z phn ng. Cht X l anehit
A. no, hai chc.
B. hng no (cha mt n i i C=C , hai chc.
C. no, n chc.
D. khng no (cha mt n i i C=C , n chc.
Cu 16 (B-2009): Hiro ho hon ton m gam h n hp X g m hai anehit no, n chc, mch h,
tip nhau trong dy ng ng thu c (m + 1) gam h n hp hai ancol. Mt khc, khi t chy
hon ton cng m gam X th cn va 17,92 l t h O2 ( tc . Gi tr ca m l
A. 17,8.
B. 24,8.
C. 10,5.
D. 8,8.
Cu 17 (B-2009): t chy hon ton mt hp cht hu c X, thu c 0,351 gam H2O v 0,4368
lt kh CO2 ( tc . Bit X c phn ng vi Cu(OH 2 trong mi trng kim hi un nng. Cht X
l
A. O=CH-CH=O.
B. CH2=CH-CH2OH. C. CH3COCH3.
D. C2H5CHO.
Cu 18. Chia h n hp 2 anehit no n chc thnh 2 phn bng nhau. t ch hon ton phn 1
thu c 0,54 gam H2O. Phn 2 cho t c dng vi H2 d (h = 100% thu c h n hp 2 ru. t
ch hon ton 2 ru thu c V l t h CO2 ( tc . Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,112.
B. 2,24.
C. 0,672.
D. 1,344.
Cu 19: Cho 10,2 gam h n hp X g m 2 anehit no (c s mol bng nhau t c dng vi dung dch
AgNO3 trong NH3 (d thu c 64,8 gam Ag v mu i ca 2 axit hu c. Mt h c, hi cho 12,75
gam X ba hi 136,5OC v 2 atm th th t ch hi thu c l 4,2 l t. Cng thc ca 2 anehit l
A. CH3-CHO v OHC-CHO.
B. HCHO v OHC-CH2-CHO.
C. CH3-CHO v HCHO.
D. OHC-CHO v C2H5-CHO.
Cu 20: C hai bnh mt nhn cha C2H2 v HCHO. Thu c th du nht c th nhn c 2 bnh
trn l
A. dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3.
B. dung dch NaOH.
C. dung dch HCl.
D. Cu(OH)2.
Cu 21: S lng ng phn an hit ng vi cng thc phn t C5H10O l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
Cu 22: Anehit no X c cng thc n gin nht l C2H3O. CTPT ca X l
A. C2H3O.
B. C4H6O2.
C. C6H9O3.
D. C8H12O4.
Cu 23: Oxi ho 2,2 gam mt anehit n chc X thu c 3 gam axit tng ng (h = 100% .
CTCT ca X l
A. CH3-CHO.
B. CH3- CH2-CHO.
C. (CH3)2CH-CHO.
D. CH3-CH2-CH2-CHO.
Cu 24: Cho 1,02 gam h n hp g m hai anehit no, n chc, mch h ( h c HCHO tip nhau
trong d ng ng phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d, thu c 4,32 gam Ag (h =
100%). T n gi ca 2 anehit l
A. etanal v metanal.
B. etanal v propanal.
C. propanal v butanal.
D. butanal v pentanal.
Cu 25: Cho 2,3 gam hp cht hu c X (cha C, H, O phn ng ht vi dung dch AgNO 3 trong
NH3 d, to ra 10,8 gam Ag. T n gi ca X l
A. anehit fomic.
B. anehit axetic.
C. axit fomic.
D. anehit acr lic.
Cu 26: t ch mt h n hp anehit l ng ng, thu c a mol CO2 v 18a gam H2O. Hai
anehit thuc loi anehit
A. no, n chc.
B. vng no, n chc.
C. no, hai chc.
D. hng no c mt n i i, hai chc.
Cu 27: Khi cho 0,1 mol X (c t h i hi s vi H2 ln hn 20 t c dng vi dung dch AgNO3
trong NH3 d, thu c 43,2g Ag. X thuc loi anehit
GV: Nguyn Ph Hot

Nm hc: 2010 - 2011

Bi tp chng ANDEHIT - AXIT: n thi i hc

Ti liu lu hnh ni b

A. n chc.
B. 2 chc.
C. 3 chc.
D. 4 chc.
Cu 28: Hp cht hu c X un nh vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 (1:2 , thu c sn phm X.
Cho X t c dng vi dung dch HCl hoc dung dch NaOH u thu c h . Cng thc cu to ca
X l
A. HCOOH.
B. HCHO.
C. CH3COONa.
D. CH3CHO.
Cu 29: Cho 0,94 g h n hp hai anehit n chc, no, tip nhau trong d ng ng t c dng
vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c 3,24 gam Ag. CTPT ca hai anehit l
A. etanal v metanal.
B. etanal v propanal.
C. propanal v butanal.
D. butanal v pentanal.
Cu 30: Trong cng nghip, ngi ta iu ch HCHO bng phng ph p
A. oxi ho CH3OH (Cu, tO).
B. nhit phn (HCOO 2Ca.
C. im ho CH2Cl2.
D. h HCOOH bng LiAlH4.
Cu 31: Cng thc t ng qu t ca anehit no, hai chc mch h l
A. CnH2n+2O2.
B. CnH2nO2.
C. CnH2n-2O2.
D. CnH2n-4O2.
Cu 32: Cho 7,2 gam mt anehit no, n chc X phn ng hon ton AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c
21,6 gam Ag. Nu cho A t c dng vi H2 (Ni, to , thu c ru n chc c mch nh nh. CTCT
ca A l
A. (CH3)2CH-CHO.
B. (CH3)2CH-CH2-CHO.
C. CH3-CH2-CH2-CHO.
D. CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CHO.
Cu 33: X c CTCT l Cl-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CHO. Danh ph p IUPAC ca X l
A. 1-clo2-metyl butanal.
B. 2-metylenclorua butanal.
C. 4-clo3-metyl butanal.
D. 3-metyl-4-clobutanal.
Cu 34: Cho h n hp X g m 2 anehit ng ng tip t c dng ht vi H2 (Ni, t0 , thu c h n
hp . t ch hon ton thu c 6,6 gam CO2 v 4,5 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca 2
anehit trong X l
A. CH4O v C2H6O. B. CH2O v C2H4O. C. C3H6O v C4H8O. D. C3H8O v C4H10O.
Cu 35: t ch hon ton 19,2 gam h n hp X g m 2 anehit ng ng tip thu c 17,92
lt kh CO2 ( tc v 14,4 gam H2O. Nu cho 9,6 gam X t c dng ht vi dung dch AgNO3 trong
NH3 (d th thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 75,6.
B. 151,2.
C. 37,8.
D. 21,6.
Cu 36: H n hp X g m 2 anehit no n chc, mch thng, l ng ng tip. Khi cho 3,32
gam B t c dng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d thu c 10,8 gam Ag. T n gica 2 anehit
trong X l
A. etanal v metanal.
B. etanal v propanal.
C. propanal v butanal.
D. butanal v pentanal.
Cu 37: Chu n ho hon ton 4,2 gam anehit X mch h bng phn ng tr ng gng vi dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d r i cho lng Ag thu c t c dng ht vi dung dch HNO3 to ra
3,792 lt NO2 27o C v 740mmHg. T n gi ca X l anehit
A. fomic.
B. axetic.
C. acrylic.
D. oxalic.
Cu 38: X l h n hp HCHO v CH3CHO. Khi oxi ho p gam X bng O2 thu c (p+1,6 gam
g m 2 axit tng ng (h=100% . Cho p gam X t c dng vi dung dch AgNO3trong NH3 d thu
c 25,92 gam Ag. Phn trm h i lng HCHO trong h n hp B l
A. 14,56%.
B. 85,44%.
C. 73,17%.
D. 26,83%.
Cu 39: X l h n hp HCHO v CH3CHO. Khi oxi ho X bng O2 thu c h n hp g m 2 axit
tng ng (h=100% . T h i hi ca so vi X l m. Khong gi tr ca m l
A. 1,36 < m < 1,53.
B. 1,36 < m < 1,67.
C. 1,53 < m < 1,67.
D. 1,67 < m < 2,33.
Cu 40: Oxi ho 53,2 gam h n hp 1 ru n chc v 1 anehit n chc thu c 1 axit hu c
du nht (h=100% . Cho lng axit n t c dng ht vi m gam dung dch NaOH 2% v
Na2CO313,25% thu c dung dch ch cha mu i ca axit hu c n ng 21,87%. T n gi ca
anehit ban u l
A. etanal.
B. metanal.
C. butanal.
D. propanal.

GV: Nguyn Ph Hot

Nm hc: 2010 - 2011

Bi tp chng ANDEHIT - AXIT: n thi i hc

Ti liu lu hnh ni b

Cu 41: t ch hon ton h n hp 3 anehit no n chc thu c 4,48 l t h CO2 ( tc . Cng

lng h n hp , nu oxi ho thnh axit (h = 100% , r i l axit to thnh em t ch hon ton
th thu c m gam nc. Gi tr ca m l
A. 1,8.
B. 2,7.
C. 3,6.
D. 5,4.
Cu 42: Cho h n hp X g m 2 anehit n chc t c dng vi H2 (Ni,to th t n V l t H2 ( tc v
thu c 2 ru no. Nu cho h n hp ru n t c dng ht vi Na thu c 0,375V l t H 2( tc .
H n hp X g m
A. 2 anehit no.
B. 2 anehit hng no.
C. 1 anehit no v 1 anehit hng no.
D. 1 anehit hng no v 1 anehit thm.
Cu 43 (A-07 : Cho 0,1 mol anehit X t c dng vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O trong dung dch
NH3, un nng thu c 43,2 gam Ag. Hiro ho X c , bit 0,1 mol phn ng va vi
4,6 gam Na. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. HCHO.
B. CH3CH(OH)CHO. C. OHC-CHO.
D. CH3CHO.
Cu 44 (A-07 : Cho 6,6 gam mt anehit X n chc, mch h t c dng vi lng d AgNO 3
(hoc Ag2O trong dung dch NH3, un nng. Lng Ag sinh ra cho phn ng ht vi HNO3 thot
ra 2,24 l t h NO du nht ( tc . Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH3CHO.
B. HCHO.
C. CH2=CHCHO.
D. CH3CH2CHO.
Cu 45 (A-07 : D g m c c cht u t c dng vi AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 l
A. anehit axetic, but-1-in, etilen.
B. anehit fomic, axetilen, etilen.
C. anehit axetic, but-2-in, axetilen.
D. axit fomic, vinylaxetilen, propin.
Cu 46 (B-07 : t ch hon ton a mol mt anehit X mch h to ra b mol CO 2 v c mol H2O
(bit b = a + c). Trong phn ng tr ng gng, mt phn t X ch cho 2 electron. X thuc d ng
ng anehit
A. no, hai chc.
B. no, n chc.
C. hng no c hai n i i, n chc.
D. hng no c mt n i i, n chc.
Cu 47 (B-07 : Khi oxi ho 2,2 gam mt anehit n chc thu c 3 gam axit tng ng. Cng
thc ca anehit l
A. C2H3CHO.
B. CH3CHO.
C. HCHO.
D. C2H5CHO.
Cu 48 (A-2009): Cho h n hp kh X g m HCHO v H2 i qua ng s ng bt Ni nung nng. Sau
khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c h n hp kh Y g m hai cht hu c. t chy ht Y th thu
c 11,7 gam H2O v 7,84 lt kh CO2 ( tc . Phn trm theo th tch ca H2 trong X l
A. 65,00%.
B. 46,15%.
C. 35,00%.
D. 53,85%.
Cu 49 (A-2009): Cho 0,25 mol mt anehit mch h X phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3
trong NH3, thu c 54 gam Ag. Mt khc, khi cho X phn ng vi H2 d (xc tc Ni, t0) th 0,125
mol X phn ng ht vi 0,25 mol H2. Cht X c cng thc ng vi cng thc chung l
A. CnH2n-1CHO (n 2 .
B. CnH2n-3CHO (n 2 .
C. CnH2n(CHO)2 (n 0 .
D. CnH2n+1CHO (n 0).
Cu 50 (A-2009): Dy g m c c cht u iu ch trc tip (bng mt phn ng to ra anehit
axetic l:
A. CH3COOH, C2H2, C2H4.
B. C2H5OH, C2H2, CH3COOC2H5.
C. C2H5OH, C2H4, C2H2.
D. HCOOC2H3, C2H2, CH3COOH.
Cu 51 (A-2009): Dy g m c c dung dch u tham gia phn ng tr ng bc l:
A. Glucoz, mantoz, axit fomic, anehit axetic.
B. Fructoz, mantoz, glixerol, anehit axetic.
C. Glucoz, glixerol, mantoz, axit fomic.
D. Glucoz, fructoz, mantoz, saccaroz.
Cu 52 (A-2009): Cho cc hp cht hu c: C2H2; C2H4; CH2O; CH2O2 (mch h); C3H4O2 (mch
h, n chc . Bit C3H4O2 khng lm chu n mu qu tm m. S cht tc dng c vi dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3 to ra t ta l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 5.

GV: Nguyn Ph Hot

Nm hc: 2010 - 2011

Bi tp chng ANDEHIT - AXIT: n thi i hc

Ti liu lu hnh ni b

AXIT CACBOXYLIC
Cu 1 (C-2010). Cho 16,4 gam h n hp X g m 2 axit cacbox lic l ng ng tip nhau phn
ng hon ton vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M v KOH 1M thu c dung dch . C cn dung
dch , thu c 31,1 gam h n hp cht rn han. Cng thc ca 2 axit trong X l
A. C2H4O2 v C3H4O2
B. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2
C. C3H4O2 v C4H6O2
D. C3H6O2 v C4H8O2
Cu 2 (B-2010). H n hp Z g m hai axit cacbox lic n chc X v (MX > MY c t ng h i
lng l 8,2 gam. Cho Z t c dng va vi dung dch NaOH, thu c dung dch cha 11,5 gam
mu i. Mt h c, nu cho Z t c dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 21,6
gam Ag. Cng thc v phn trm h i lng ca X trong Z l
A. C3H5COOH v 54,88%.
B. C2H3COOH v 43,90%.
C. C2H5COOH v 56,10%.
D. HCOOH v 45,12%.
Cu 3 (A-2010 . H n hp g m 0,1 mol mt axit cacbox lic n chc v 0,1 mol mu i ca axit
vi im loi im c t ng h i lng l 15,8 gam. T n ca axit tr n l
A. axit propanoic.
B. axit etanoic.
C. axit metanoic.
D. axit butanoic.
Cu 4 (CA-2009): Trung ho 8,2 gam h n hp g m axit fomic v mt axit n chc X cn 100
ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M. Nu cho 8,2 gam h n hp trn tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch
AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng th thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Tn gi ca X l
A. axit propanoic.
B. axit metacrylic.
C. axit etanoic.
D. axit acrylic.
Cu 5 (B-2008): Cho 3,6 gam axit cacboxylic no, n chc X tc dng hon ton vi 500 ml dung
dch g m KOH 0,12M v NaOH 0,12M. C cn dung dch thu c 8,28 gam h n hp cht rn
khan. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H5COOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. HCOOH.
D. C3H7COOH.
Cu 6 (B-2008): Axit cacboxylic no, mch h X c cng thc thc nghim (C3H4O3)n, v cng
thc phn t ca X l
A. C6H8O6.
B. C3H4O3.
C. C12H16O12.
D. C9H12O9.
Cu 7 (A-2008): Trung ho 5,48 gam h n hp g m axit axetic, phenol v axit benzoic, cn dng
600 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng, thu c h n hp cht rn khan c
kh i lng l
A. 8,64 gam.
B. 6,84 gam.
C. 4,90 gam.
D. 6,80 gam.
Cu 8 (A-2008): Dy g m cc cht c xp theo chiu nhit si tng dn t tri sang phi l:
A. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H6, CH3COOH. B. CH3COOH, C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH.
C. C2H6, C2H5OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH. D. C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, CH3COOH.
Cu 9 (B-2009): Cho 0,04 mol mt h n hp X g m CH2=CH-COOH, CH3COOH v CH2=CHCHO phn ng va vi dung dch cha 6,4 gam brom. Mt khc, trung ho 0,04 mol X cn
dng va 40 ml dung dch NaOH 0,75 M. Kh i lng ca CH2=CH-COOH trong X l
A. 0,56 gam.
B. 1,44 gam.
C. 0,72 gam.
D. 2,88 gam.
Cu 10 (B-2009): H n hp X g m axit Y n chc v axit Z hai chc (Y, Z c cng s nguyn
t cacbon). Chia X thnh hai phn bng nhau. Cho phn mt t c dng ht vi Na, sinh ra 4,48 l t
kh H2 ( ktc). t chy hon ton phn hai, sinh ra 26,4 gam CO2. Cng thc cu to thu gn v
phn trm v h i lng ca Z trong h n hp X ln lt l
A. HOOC-CH2-COOH v 70,87%.
B. HOOC-CH2-COOH v 54,88%.
C. HOOC-COOH v 60,00%.
D. HOOC-COOH v 42,86%.
Cu 11: t ch hon ton 0,1 mol h n hp X g m 2 axit cacbox lic ng ng tip thu c
6,16 gam CO2 v 2,52 gam H2O. Cng thc ca 2 axit l
A. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.
B. C2H3COOH v C3H5COOH.
C. HCOOH v CH3COOH.
D. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH.
Cu 12: Chia 0,6 mol h n hp 2 axit no thnh 2 phn bng nhau. Phn 1 t ch hon ton thu
c 11,2 l t h CO2 ( tc . Phn 2 t c dng va vi 500 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Cng thc
cu to ca 2 axit ban u l
A. CH3-COOH v CH2=CH-COOH.
B. H-COOH v HOOC-COOH.
GV: Nguyn Ph Hot

Nm hc: 2010 - 2011

Bi tp chng ANDEHIT - AXIT: n thi i hc

Ti liu lu hnh ni b

C. CH3-COOH v HOOC-COOH.
D. H-COOH v CH3-CH2-COOH.
Cu 13: Cng thc chung ca axit cacbox lic no, n chc, mch h l
A. CnH2nO2.
B. CnH2n+2O2.
C. CnH2n+1O2.
D. CnH2n-1O2.
Cu 14: Cng thc chung axit cacbox lic no, a chc, mch h l
A. CnH2n-m(COOH)m.
B. CnH2n+2-m(COOH)m.
C. CnH2n+1(COOH)m
D. CnH2n-1(COOH)m
Cu 15: C4H8O2 c s ng phn axit l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 16: Trn 20 gam dung dch axit n chc X 23% vi 50 gam dung dch axit n chc
20,64% thu c dung dch D. trung ho D cn 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1,1M. Bit rng D
tham gia phn ng tr ng gng. Cng thc ca X v tng ng l
A. HCOOH v C2H3COOH.
B. C3H7COOH v HCOOH.
C. C3H5COOH v HCOOH.
D. HCOOH v C3H5COOH.
Cu 17: Axit icacbox lic mch thng c phn trm h i lng ca c c ngu n t tng ng l %
C = 45,46%, %H = 6,06%, %O = 48,49%. Cng thc cu to ca axit l
A. HOOC-COOH.
B. HOOC-CH2-COOH.
C. HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH.
D. HOOC-CH2-CH2-CH2-COOH.
Cu 18: Axit X mch thng, c cng thc thc nghim (C3H5O2)n. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. C2H4COOH.
B. HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH.
C. CH3CH2CH(COOH)CH2COOH.
D. HOOCCH2CH(CH3)CH2COOH
Cu 19: trung ho 8,8 gam mt axit cacbox lic mch thng thuc d ng ng ca axit fomic
cn 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Cng thc cu to ca axit l
A. CH3COOH.
B. CH3(CH2)2COOH. C. CH3(CH2)3COOH. D. CH3CH2COOH.
Cu 20: X, l 2 axit no, n chc, mch h, tip nhau trong d ng ng. Cho h n hp A
g m 4,6 gam X v 6,0 gam t c dng ht vi Na thu c 2,24 l t h H 2 ( tc . Cng thc phn
t ca X v ln lt l
A. CH2O2 v C2H4O2.
B. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2.
C. C3H6O2 v C4H8O2.
D. C4H8O2 v C5H10O2.
Cu 21: t ch hon ton 0,1 mol h n hp 2 axit cacbox lic l ng ng tip thu c 3,36
lt CO2 ( tc v 2,7 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca chng l
A. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2.
B. C3H6O2 v C4H8O2.
C. CH2O2 v C2H4O2.
D. C3H4O2 v C4H6O2.
Cu 22: t ch hon ton 0,1 mol h n hp 2 axit cacbox lic l ng ng tip thu c 3,36
lt CO2 ( tc v 2,7 gam H2O. S mol ca m i axit ln lt l
A. 0,05 v 0,05.
B. 0,045 v 0,055.
C. 0,04 v 0,06.
D. 0,06 v 0,04.
Cu 23: Cho 14,8 gam h n hp 2 axit hu c no, n chc t c dng vi lng va Na2CO3 to
thnh 2,24 lt kh CO2 ( tc . Kh i lng m i mu i thu c l
A. 23,2.
B. 21,2.
C. 20,2.
D. 19,2.
Cu 24: Mt h n hp hai axit hu c c phn ng tr ng gng. Axit c h i lng phn t ln hi
t c dng vi Cl2 (as thu c ba sn phm monoclo. Cng thc ca hai axit l
A. CH3COOH v HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH v HOOC-COOH.
C. HCOOH v CH3(CH2)2COOH.
D. HCOOH v (CH3)2CHCOOH.
Cu 25: Trung ho 9 gam mt axit n chc bng lng va NaOH thu c 12,3 gam mu i.
Cng thc cu to ca axit l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH2=CHCOOH. C. CH3COOH.
D. CH3CH2COOH.
Cu 26: Cng thc thc nghim ca mt axit no, a chc l (C3H4O3)n. Cng thc phn t ca axit
l
A. C6H8O6.
B. C3H4O3.
C. C9H12O8.
D. C3H4O4.
Cu 27: t ch hon ton mt axit hu c ta thu c: nCO2 nH2O . Axit l
A. axit hu c c hai chc, cha no.
B. axit vng no.
C. axit n chc, no.
D. axit n chc, cha no.
Cu 28: Trong c c ng phn axit C5H10O2. S lng ng phn hi t c dng vi Cl2 (as ch cho
mt sn phm th monoclo du nht (theo t l 1:1 l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 1.
GV: Nguyn Ph Hot

Nm hc: 2010 - 2011

Bi tp chng ANDEHIT - AXIT: n thi i hc

Ti liu lu hnh ni b

Cu 29: t ch hon ton 1,44 gam mu i ca axit hu c thm n chc ta thu c 0,53 gam
Na2CO3 v 1,456 lt kh CO2 ( tc v 0,45 gam H2O. CTCT ca mu i axit thm l
A. C6H5CH2COONa.
B. C6H5COONa.
C. C6H5CH2CH2COONa.
D. C6H5CH(CH3)COONa.
Cu 30: X l axit hu c tho mn iu in:
m gam X + NaHCO3 x mol CO2 v m gam X + O2 x mol CO2. Axit X l
A. CH3COOH.
B. HOOC-COOH.
C. CH3C6H3(COOH)2.
D. CH3CH2COOH.
Cu 31: Cho 5,76g axit hu c n chc X t c dng ht vi CaCO3 d, thu c 7,28g mu i. T n
gi ca X l
A. axit fomic
B. axit axetic
C. axit butyric.
D. axit acrylic.
Cu 32: trung ho a gam h n hp X g m 2 axit no, n chc, mch thng l ng ng tip
cn 100 ml dung dch NaOH 0,3M. Mt h c, t ch hon ton a gam X thu c b gam nc v
(b+3,64) gam CO2. Cng thc phn t ca 2 axit l
A. CH2O2 v C2H4O2.
B. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2.
C. C3H6O2 v C4H8O2.
D. C4H8O2 v C5H10O2.
Cu 33: Thc hin phn ng este ho m gam CH3COOH bng mt lng va C2H5OH (xc tc
H2SO4 c, un nng thu c 1,76 gam este (h=100% . Gi tr ca m l
A. 2,1.
B. 1,1.
C. 1,2.
D. 1,4.
Cu 34: H n hp X g m 1 axit no n chc v 2 axit hng no n chc c 1 li n t i, l ng
ng tip nhau. Cho X t c dng va vi 100ml dung dch NaOH 2M, thu c 17,04 gam
h n hp mu i. Mt h c, t ch hon ton X thu c t ng h i lng CO 2 v H2O l 26,72
gam. Cng thc phn t ca 3 axit trong X l
A. CH2O2, C3H4O2 v C4H6O2.
B. C2H4O2, C3H4O2 v C4H6O2.
C. CH2O2, C5H8O2 v C4H6O2.
D. C2H4O2, C5H8O2 v C4H6O2
Cu 35: Cho h n hp X g m 2 axit hu c n chc, mch h, l ng ng tip t c dng va
vi dung dch NaHCO3 thu c 1,12 l t h CO2 ( tc . Nu t ch hon ton X th thu c
3,136 lt CO2 ( tc . Cng thc cu to ca 2 axit trong X l
A. HCOOH v CH3COOH.
B. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.
C. C2H3COOH v C3H5COOH.
D. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH.
Cu 36 (A-07 : t ch hon ton a mol mt axit hu c c 2a mol CO2. Mt h c, trung
ho a mol cn va 2a mol NaOH. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca l
A. CH3COOH.
B. HOOC-COOH.
C. HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH.
D. C2H5COOH.
Cu 37 (B-07 : trung ho 6,72 gam mt axit cacbox lic (no, n chc , cn dng 200 gam
dung dch NaOH 2,24%. Cng thc ca l
A. CH3COOH.
B. C2H5COOH.
C. C3H7COOH.
D. HCOOH.
Cu 38 (B-07 : t ch hon ton 0,1 mol mt axit cacbox lic n chc, cn va V l t O2
( tc , thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,2 mol H2O. Gi tr ca V l
A. 8,96.
B. 11,2.
C. 4,48.
D. 6,72.
Cu 39 v 40: H n hp X g m 1 axit no, mch thng, 2 ln axit (A v 1 axit hng no c mt n i
i trong g c hirocacbon, mch h, n chc (B , s ngu n t cacbon trong A gp i s ngu n
t cacbon trong B. t ch hon ton 5,08g X thu c 4,704 l t CO2( tc .Trung ho 5,08g X
cn 350ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M.
Cu 39: Cng thc phn t ca A v B tng ng l
A. C8H14O4 v C4H6O2.
B. C6H12O4 v C3H4O2.
C. C6H10O4 v C3H4O2.
D. C4H6O4 v C2H4O2.
Cu 40: S gam mu i thu c sau phn ng trung ho l
A. 5,78.
B. 6,62.
C. 7,48.
D. 8,24.
Cu 41 (A-2009): Cho h n hp X g m hai axit cacboxylic no, mch khng phn nhnh. t chy hon
ton 0,3 mol h n hp X, thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2 ( tc . Nu trung ha 0,3 mol X th cn dng 500
ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Hai axit l:
A. HCOOH, HOOC-CH2-COOH.
B. HCOOH, CH3COOH.
C. HCOOH, C2H5COOH.
D. HCOOH, HOOC-COOH.
GV: Nguyn Ph Hot

Nm hc: 2010 - 2011

Bi tp chng ANDEHIT - AXIT: n thi i hc

Ti liu lu hnh ni b

Cu 42 (A-2009): Hp cht X mch h c cng thc phn t l C4H9NO2. Cho 10,3 gam X phn
ng va vi dung dch NaOH sinh ra mt cht kh Y v dung dch Z. Kh Y nng hn khng kh,
lm gi qu tm m chuyn mu xanh. Dung dch Z c kh nng lm mt mu nc brom. C cn
dung dch Z thu c m gam mu i han. Gi tr ca m l
A. 8,2.
B. 10,8.
C. 9,4.
D. 9,6.
H 3O
KCN
Cu 43: Cho s chu n ha: CH3CH2Cl
Y. Cng thc cu to ca X,
X
t0
ln lt l:
A. CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2CHO.
B. CH3CH2NH2, CH3CH2COOH.
C. CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2COONH4.
D. CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2COOH.
Cu 44 (C-2010). Hai cht X v c cng cng thc phn t C2H4O2. Cht X phn ng c vi
kim loi Na v tham gia phn ng tr ng bc. Cht phn ng c vi im loi Na v ha tan
c CaCO3. Cng thc ca X, ln lt l
A. HOCH2CHO, CH3COOH
B. HCOOCH3, HOCH2CHO
C. CH3COOH, HOCH2CHO
D. HCOOCH3, CH3COOH
Cu 45 (C-2010). Axit cacbox lic X c cng thc n gin nht l C3H5O2. Khi cho 100 ml dung
dch axit X n ng 0,1M phn ng ht vi dung dch NaHCO3 (d), thu c V ml h CO2 (ktc).
Gi tr ca V l
A. 112
B. 224
C. 448
D. 336
PHN NG ESTE HO GIA AXIT CACBOX LIC VI ANCOL (RU
Cu 46 (C-2010). Cho 45 gam axit axetic phn ng vi 69 gam ancol et lic (xc t c H2SO4 c ,
un nng, thu c 41,25 gam et l axetat. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ho l
A. 62,50%
B. 50,00%
C. 40,00%
D. 31,25%
Cu 47 (CA-2008): un nng 6,0 gam CH3COOH vi 6,0 gam C2H5OH (c H2SO4 lm xc tc,
hiu sut phn ng este ho bng 50%). Kh i lng este to thnh l
A. 6,0 gam.
B. 4,4 gam.
C. 8,8 gam.
D. 5,2 gam.
Cu 48: un nng h n hp g m 1 mol axit X c cng thc phn t C4H6O4 vi 1 mol CH3OH (xc
tc H2SO4 c thu c 2 este E v F (MF > ME . Bit rng mE = 1,81mF v ch c 72% lng ru
b chu n ho thnh este. S gam E v F tng ng l
A. 47,52 v 26,28.
B. 26,28 v 47,52.
C. 45,72 v 28,26.
D. 28,26 v 45,72.
Cau 49: Trong phn ng este ho gia ru v axit hu c th cn bng s dch chu n theo chiu
to ra este hi
A. gim n ng ru ha axit.
B. cho ru d ha axit d.
C. tng n ng cht xc t c.
D. chng ct t ch este ra.
Cu 50 v 51: H n hp M g m ru no X v axit n chc mch h c cng s ngu n t
cacbon. t ch 0,4 mol M cn 30,24 l t O2 ( tc thu c 52,8 gam CO2 v 19,8 gam H2O. Nu
un nng 0,4 mol M vi H2SO4 c l xc t c, thu c m gam h n hp 2 este (h = 100%).
Cu 50: Cng thc phn t ca X v tng ng l
A. C3H8O3 v C3H4O2.
B. C3H8O2 v C3H4O2.
C. C2H6O2 v C2H4O2.
D. C3H8O2 v C3H6O2.
Cu 51: Gi tr ca m l
A. 22,2.
B. 24,6.
C. 22,9.
D. 24,9.
Cu 52 v 53: Chia h n hp g m mt axit n chc vi mt ru n chc thnh 3 phn bng nhau.
Phn 1 cho t c dng ht vi Na thu c 3,36 l t h H2( tc . Phn 2 t ch hon ton thu c 39,6
gam CO2. Phn 3 un nng vi H2SO4 c thu c 10,2 gam este E (h=100% . t ch ht lng este
thu c 22 gam CO2 v 9 gam H2O.
Cu 52: Cng thc phn t ca E l
A. C3H6O2.
B. C4H8O2.
C. C5H8O2.
D. C5H10O2.
Cu 53: Nu bit s mol axit ln hn s mol ru th cng thc ca axit l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. C2H5COOH.
D. C3H7COOH.
Cu 54, 55 v 56: Thc hin phn ng este ha gia mt axit no X v mt ru no c este 0,1
mol E mch h. Cho 0,1 mol E phn ng hon ton vi dung dch NaOH to ra16,4g mu i. t
ch hon ton 0,1 mol ru cn 0,25 mol O2.
GV: Nguyn Ph Hot

Nm hc: 2010 - 2011

Bi tp chng ANDEHIT - AXIT: n thi i hc

Ti liu lu hnh ni b

Cu 54: Cng thc phn t ca l

A. C2H6O.
B. C2H6O2.
C. C3H8O.
D. C3H8O3.
Cu 55: Cng thc phn t ca E l
A. C6H10O4.
B. C5H8O4.
C. C6H10O2.
D. C5H8O2.
Cu 56: Cho 90,0g X t c dng vi 62,0g c 87,6g E th hiu sut phn ng este ha l
A. 80%.
B. 70%.
C. 60%.
D. 50%.
Cu 57: Cho 24,0 gam axit axetic t c dng vi 18,4 gam glixerin (H2SO4 c v un nng thu
c 21,8 gam glixerin triaxetat. Hiu sut ca phn ng l
A. 50%.
B. 75%.
C. 25%.
D. 80%.
Cu 58: t ch hon ton h n hp X g m 2 ru n chc, ng ng tip thu c 14,08
gam CO2 v 9,36 gam H2O. Nu cho X t c dng ht vi axit axetic th s gam este thu c l
A. 18,24.
B. 22,40.
C. 16,48.
D. 14,28.
Cu 59: t ch hon ton 19,68 gam h n hp g m 2 axit l ng ng tip thu c 31,68
gam CO2 v 12,96 gam H2O. Nu cho t c dng vi ru et lic, vi hiu sut phn ng ca m i
axit l 80% th s gam este thu c l
A. 25,824.
B. 22,464.
C. 28,080.
D. 32,280.
Cu 60: Chia 26,96 gam h n hp X g m 3 axit n chc thnh 2 phn bng nhau. Phn 1 cho t c
dng vi NaHCO3 d thu c 4,48 l t h CO2 ( tc . Phn 2 cho t c dng ht vi et len glicol ch
thu c gam 3 este tp chc v nc. Gi tr ca m l
A. 44,56.
B. 35,76.
C. 71,52.
D. 22,28.
Cu 61: Cho 5,76g axit hu c n chc X t c dng ht vi CaCO3 d, thu c 7,28g mu i.
Nu cho X t c dng vi 4,6 ru et lic vi hiu sut 80% th s gam este thu c l
A. 6,40.
B. 8,00.
C. 7,28.
D. 5,76.
Cu 62: t ch hon ton m gam h n hp hai ancol n chc X v thuc cng mt d ng
ng, ngi ta thu c 70,4 gam CO2 v 37,8 gam H2O. Nu cho m gam h n hp tr n t c dng vi
24,0 gam axit axetic (h = 50% th s gam este thu c l
A. 20,96.
B. 26,20.
C. 41,92.
D. 52,40.
Cu 63: t ch hon ton mt ru a chc, thu c H2O v CO2 vi t l mol tng ng l 3:2.
Nu cho ru t c dng vi h n hp g m axit axetic v axit fomic th s lng este c th to
thnh l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 64 v 65: un nng 25,8g h n hp X g m 2 ru no, n chc, bc 1, l ng ng tip
trong H2SO4 c 140oC thu c 21,3g h n hp g m 3 ete (h = 100% . Nu cho 25,8g X t c
dng ht vi axit fomic th thu c m gam este.
Cu 64: T n gi ca 2 ru trong X l
A. metanol v etanol.
B. etanol v propan-2-ol.
C. etanol v propan-1-ol.
D. propan-1-ol v butan-1-ol.
Cu 65: Gi tr ca m l
A. 19,9.
B. 39,8.
C. 38,8.
D. 19,4.
Cu 66: Cho 37,6 gam h n hp X g m C2H5OH v mt ru ng ng t c dng vi Na d thu
c 11,2 l t h H2 ( tc . Nu cho bng lng c trong X t c dng ht vi axit axetic th thu c
s gam este l
A. 44,4.
B. 22,2.
C. 35,2.
D. 17,6.
Cu 67: t ch hon ton h n hp 2 ru l ng ng tip thu c 8,8 gam CO2 v 6,3 gam
H2O. Cng lng h n hp tr n, nu cho t c dng ht vi axit oxalic th thu c m gam h n hp 3
este hng cha nhm chc h c. Gi tr ca m l
A. 19,10.
B. 9,55.
C. 12,10.
D. 6,05.
Cu 68 v 69: Chia 0,9 mol h n hp 2 axit no thnh 3 phn bng nhau. Phn 1 t ch hon ton
thu c 11,2 l t h CO2 ( tc . Phn 2 t c dng va vi 500 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Phn 3
t c dng va vi ru et lic (xc t c H2SO4 c thu c m gam h n hp 2 este hng cha
nhm chc h c.
Cu 68: Cng thc cu to ca 2 axit ban u l
A. CH3-COOH v CH2=CH-COOH.
B. H-COOH v HOOC-COOH.
C. CH3-COOH v HOOC-COOH.
D. H-COOH v CH3-CH2-COOH.
GV: Nguyn Ph Hot

Nm hc: 2010 - 2011

Bi tp chng ANDEHIT - AXIT: n thi i hc

Ti liu lu hnh ni b

Cu 69: Gi tr ca m l
A. 36,6.
B. 22,2.
C. 22,4.
D. 36,8.
Cu 70: Chia h n hp X g m 2 axit hu c n chc, mch h, l ng ng tip thnh 3 phn
bng nhau. Phn 1 t c dng vi dung dch NaHCO3 d thu c 2,24 l t h CO2 ( tc . Phn 2 t
ch hon ton X thu c 6,272 l t CO2 ( tc . Phn 3 t c dng va vi et len gl col thu c
m gam h n hp 3 este hng cha nhm chc h c. Gi tr ca m l
A. 9,82.
B. 8,47.
C. 8,42.
D. 9,32.
Cu 71: X, l 2 axit no, n chc, mch h, tip nhau trong d ng ng. Cho h n hp A
g m 5,52 gam X v 10,80 gam t c dng ht vi Na thu c 3,36 l t h H2 ( tc . Nu cho A t c
dng ht vi ru et lic th thu c m gam este. Gi tr ca m l
A. 24,72.
B. 22,74.
C. 27,42.
D. 22,47.
Cu 72: S lng este thu c hi cho et len gl col t c dng vi h n hp g m CH3COOH,
HCOOH v CH2=CH-COOH l
A. 6.
B. 9.
C. 12.
D. 18.
Cu 73 (A-07 : H n hp X g m HCOOH v CH3COOH (t l mol 1:1 . L 5,3 gam X t c dng
vi 5,75 gam C2H5OH (c xc tc H2SO4 c , thu c m gam h n hp este (hiu sut c c phn
ng este ho u bng 80% . Gi tr ca m l
A. 10,12.
B. 16,20.
C. 8,10.
D. 6,48.
Cu 74 (B-07 : Cho glixerol (glixerin phn ng vi h n hp axit bo C17H35COOH v
C15H31COOH, s loi trieste t i a c to ra l
A. 6.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 75: S lng este thu c hi cho et lengl col t c dng vi h n hp g m 4 axit cacbox lic
n chc l
A. 8.
B. 10.
C. 14.
D. 12.

GV: Nguyn Ph Hot

Nm hc: 2010 - 2011