TRNG THPT CHUYN

TUYN QUANG

THI TH I HC, CAO NG LN TH NHT

MN HA HC- KHI A, B
NM HC: 2014-2015
Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht, khng k thi gian pht .
( thi c 05 trang)
M thi 136

H, tn th sinh:..........................................................................
S bo danh:...............................................................................
Cho bit khi lng nguyn t ca cc nguyn t:
H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; P=31; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Ca =
40; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Br = 80; Ag = 108; Ba = 137
Cu 1: Ho tan kali cromat vo nc c dung dch X, thm dung dch H2SO4 long d vo X c
dung dch Y. Cho dung dch KOH d vo Y c dung dch Z, cho dung dch H2SO4 long d vo Z
c dung dch T. Mu ca cc dung dch X, Y, Z, T ln lt l
A. Vng, da cam, vng, da cam.
B. Vng, da cam, vng, .
C. Da cam, vng, xanh tm, xanh.
D. Da cam, vng, da cam, vng.
Cu 2: t chy hon ton 29,16 gam hn hp X gm RCOOH, C2H3COOH, v (COOH)2 thu
c m gam H2O v 21,952 lt CO2 (ktc). Mt khc, 29,16 gam hn hp X phn ng hon ton
vi NaHCO3 d thu c 11,2 lt (ktc) kh CO2.Gi tr ca m l
A. 10,8 gam
B. 12,6 gam
C. 8,1gam
D. 9 gam
H
O
O
1500 C
X
Y
Z
T
M
Cu 3: Cho s chuyn ha: CH4 X
Pd/PbCO , t
xt,t
xt , t
0

2
0

2
0

Bit X, Y, Z, T, M l cc hp cht hu c. Cc cht Z, M ln lt l

A. CH3CHO v C2H3COOC2H3
B. C2H2 v CH3COOH.
C. C2H5OH v CH3COOC2H3.
D. CH3CHO v CH3COOC2H3.
Cu 4: Cht X l mt aminoaxit thin nhin, mch khng nhnh, trong phn t ch cha mt nhm
NH2 v mt nhm COOH. Cho 13,1 gam X tc dng vi dung dch HCl d, thu c 16,75 gam
mui khan. Tn gi ca X l
A. Axit -aminovaleric.
B. Axit -aminocaproic.
C. Axit 2-amino-2-metylpentanoic.
D. Axit 2-aminohexanoic
Cu 5: Ho tan hon ton m1 gam hn hp 3 kim loi X,Y (u c ho tr II), Z ( ho tr III) vo
dung dch HCl d thy c V lt kh thot ra ( ktc) v dung dch X. C cn dung dch X th c m 2
gam mui khan. Biu thc lin h gia m1, m2, V l
A. m2 = m1+ 35,5V.
B. m2 = m1+ 71V.
C. 112m2 = 112m1 + 71V.
D. 112m2 = 112m1 + 355V.
Cu 6: Cho cc monome sau: stiren, toluen, metylaxetat, vinylaxetat, metylmetacrylat, but-2-in,
benzen, etylen glicol, valin, isopren. S monome tham gia phn ng trng hp l
A. 4.
B. 6.
C. 3.
D. 5.
Cu 7: Tin hnh cc th nghim sau:
- Cho Cu vo dung dch FeCl3 d.
- Cho dung dch AgNO3 vo dung dch Fe(NO3)2.
- Cho Fe3O4 vo dung dch H2SO4 long d.
- Cho NaHCO3 vo dung dch CaCl2 v un nng nh.
- Cho KHCO3 vo dung dch KHSO4.
S th nghim to thnh kt ta hoc c kh sinh ra l
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Cu 8: Dn mu kh thi ca mt nh my qua dung dch Pb(NO3)2 d th thy xut hin kt ta mu
en. Hin tng chng t trong kh thi nh my c kh no sau y?
A. SO2
B. H2S
C. NH3
D. CO2
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Cu 9: Khi cho dung dch cha x mol H3PO4 tc dng vi dung dch cha y mol NaOH, khi y = 2x ta
thu c mui no sau y:
A. NaH2PO4
B. NaH2PO4 v Na3PO4
C. Na2HPO4
D. Na3PO4
Cu 10: Mt loi phn ln supephotphat n c cha 31,31% Ca(H2PO4)2 v khi lng (cn li l
cc tp cht khng cha photpho), c sn xut t qung photphorit. dinh dng ca phn ln l
A. 16,00%.
B. 8,30%.
C. 19,00%.
D. 14,34%.
Cu 11: Cho 18,4 gam hn hp Y gm ancol metylic, ancol anlylic v etylen glicol tc dng vi Na
kim loi (d) thu c V lt kh H2 ( ktc). Mt khc, t 18,4 gam hn hp Y, thu c 30,8 gam
CO2 v 18,0 gam H2O. Gi tr ca V l
A. 3,36.
B. 2,24.
C. 4,48.
D. 5,60.
Cu 12: Cho V lt hn hp kh A gm clo v oxi tc dng va ht vi hn hp B gm 0,2 mol Al v
0,1 mol Mg th thu c 25,2 gam hn hp mui clorua v oxit ca 2 kim loi. S mol ca Cl 2 c
trong V lt hn hp kh A l
A. 0,15.
B. 0,25.
C. 0,2.
D. 0,3.
Cu 13: Trong s chuyn ho: S FeS H2S H2SO4 SO2 S c t nht bao nhiu phn
ng thuc loi phn ng oxi ho-kh?
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 5.

2
Cu 14: Cho phng trnh ion sau: Zn + NO3 + OH ZnO2 + NH3 + H2O
Tng cc h s (cc s nguyn ti gin) ca cc cht tham gia v to thnh sau phn ng l

A. 12.
B. 19.
C. 23.
D. 18.
Cu 15: Cho 150 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1M vo 250 ml dung dch Al2(SO4)3 x(M) thu c 42,75
gam kt ta. Thm tip 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1M vo hn hp phn ng th lng kt ta thu
c l 94,2375 gam. Gi tr ca x l
A. 0,15.
B. 0,3.
C. 0,25.
D. 0,45.
Cu 16: Hn hp X gm ankin Y v H2 c t l mol l 1:2. Dn 13,44 lt hn hp X (ktc) qua Ni,
nung nng thu c hn hp Z c t khi so vi H2 l 11. Dn hn hp Z qua dung dch Br2 d, sau
phn ng hon ton thy c 32 gam Br2 phn ng. Cng thc ca ankin Y l:
A. C4H6.
B. C5H8.
C. C3H4.
D. C2H2.
Cu 17: Cho dy cc cht sau: Al, NaHCO3, (NH4)2CO3, NH4Cl, Al2O3, Zn, K2CO3, K2SO4. C
bao nhiu cht trong dy va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl, va tc dng c vi dung dch
NaOH?
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 3.
Cu 18: Cho cc axit sau:(1) etanoic; (2) cloetanoic;(3) 3-clopropanoic; (4) floetanoic. S sp xp
no ng vi chiu tng dn tnh axit ca cc axit ?
A. (1) < (3) < (2) < (4).
B. (3) < (1) < (2) < (4).
C. (3) < (4) < (2) < (1).
D. (1) < (3) < (4) < (2).
Cu 19: Ho tan m gam hn hp Na, K, Ba vo nc d thu c 800ml dung dch X v 0,896 lt
H2(ktc). pH ca dung dch X bng:
A. 11
B. 1
C. 12
D. 13
Cu 20: Hiro ha cht hu c X mch h thu c isopentan. t chy hon ton X thu c s
mol H2O gp 4 ln s mol X chy. Vy s CTCT ca X tha mn l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 21: Ha tan ht 4 gam hn hp A gm Fe v 1 oxit st trong dung dch axit HCl (d) thu c
dung dch X. Sc kh Cl2 cho n d vo X thu c dung dch Y cha 9,75 gam mui tan. Nu cho
4 gam A tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long d th thu c V lt NO(sn phm kh duy nht,
ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,747.
B. 1,120.
C. 0,726.
D. 0,896
Cu 22: Cho mt axit cacboxylic n chc tc dng vi etylen glicol thu c mt este duy nht.
Cho 0,1 mol este ny tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH thu c 16,4 gam mui. Axit l
A. CH3COOH.
B. C2H3COOH.
C. HCOOH.
D. C2H5COOH.
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Cu 23: Hn hp X gm axit oxalic, axetilen, propanial v vinyl fomat (trong s mol ca axit
oxalic v axetilen bng nhau). t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X cn dng va 1,125 mol O2,
thu c H2O v 55 gam CO2. Nu cho m gam hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch NaHCO3 d th thu
c ti a bao nhiu lt CO2 ( ktc)?
A. 2,8 lt.
B. 8,6 lt.
C. 5,6 lt.
D. 11,2 lt.
Cu 24: Mt hn hp gm hai ankol n chc. Cho m gam hn hp tc dng vi K d thu c 5,6
lt kh ktc. Nu ly m gam hn hp trn un vi dung dch H2SO4 c 1400C thu c ti a
13,5 gam hn hp ba ete. Gi tr ca m l
A. 13,5.
B. 18
C. 9.
D. 15.
Cu 25: Trong bnh kn th tch khng i 56lt cha N2, H2 theo t l th tch 1 : 4 nhit 00C,
p sut 200atm v t xc tc (th tch xc tc khng ng k). Nung nng bnh mt thi gian sau a
v 00C thy p sut gim 5% so vi ban u. Tnh hiu sut phn ng tng hp amoniac l
A. 20%
B. 12,5%
C. 15%
D. 10%
Cu 26: Cho cc dung dch: C6H5NH2 (anilin), CH3NH2, NaOH, C2H5OH v H2NCH2COOH. Trong
cc dung dch trn, s dung dch c th lm i mu phenolphtalein l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 27: Hn hp X gm ba amin: propan-1-amin (propylamin), propan-2-amin (iso-propylamin) v
N-metyletanamin (etyl metylamin). Cho 8,85 gam X tc dng va vi V ml dung dch HCl 1M.
Gi tr ca V l
A. 100.
B. 300.
C. 200.
D. 150.
Cu 28: Mt este c cng thc phn t l C4H6O2, khi thu phn trong mi trng axit thu
c axetanehit. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca este l
A. HCOO-C(CH3)=CH2.
B. CH3COO-CH=CH2.
C. CH2=CH-COO-CH3.
D. HCOO-CH=CH-CH3.
Cu 29: Khi cho hn hp Fe3O4 v Cu vo dung dch H2SO4 long d thu c cht rn X v dung
dch Y. Dy no di y gm cc cht u tc dng c vi dd Y?
A. BaCl2, HCl, Cl2.
B. NaOH, Na2SO4,Cl2.
C. KI, NH3, NH4Cl.
D. Br2, NaNO3, KMnO4.
Cu 30: Thy phn 445,05 gam peptit Val-Gly-Gly-Val-Gly thu c hn hp X gm 127,5 gam
Gly; 163,8 gam Val; 39,6 gam Gly-Gly; 87 gam Val-Gly; 23,1 gam Gly-Val-Gly v m gam mt
pentapeptit X1. Gi tr ca m l ( Cho bit khi lng mol ca Val v gly ln lt l 117 v 75)
A. 4,050.
B. 58,050.
C. 22,059.
D. 77,400.
Cu 31: Hn hp kh X gm etilen, metan, propin v vinylaxetilen c t khi so vi H2 l 17.
t chy hon ton 0,05 mol hn hp X ri hp th ton b sn phm chy vo bnh dung dch
Ca(OH)2 (d) th khi lng bnh tng thm m gam. Gi tr ca m l
A. 3,39.
B. 6,6.
C. 5,85.
D. 7,3.
Cu 32: Cho cc cht: saccaroz, vinyl axetat, imetylamin, glyxylglyxin (gly-gly), axit glutamic,
phenol, glixerol; metylamoni clorua. S cht tc dng vi dung dch NaOH long, nng l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
2+
2+
2+

Cu 33: Dung dch X cha 5 loi ion Mg , Ba , Ca , 0,5 mol Cl v 0,3 mol NO3 . Thm t t
dung dch Y cha hn hp K2CO3 1M v Na2CO3 1,5M vo dung dch X n khi c lng kt ta
ln nht th th tch dung dch Y cn dng l :
A. 160 ml.
B. 600 ml.
C. 320 ml.
D. 480ml.
Cu 34: trng thi c bn:
- Phn lp electron ngoi cng ca nguyn t nguyn t X l np2n+1.
- Tng s electron trn cc phn lp p ca nguyn t nguyn t Y l 7.
- S ht mang in trong nguyn t nguyn t Z nhiu hn s ht mang in trong nguyn t nguyn
t X l 20 ht. Nhn xt no sau y l sai? ( bit Z = 7 l F; Z = 17 l Cl; Z - 11 l Na; Z = 12 l Mg;
Z = 13 l Al; Z = 19 l K)
A. S oxi ha cao nht ca X trong hp cht l +7.
B. Oxit v hiroxit ca Y c tnh lng tnh.
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C. m in gim dn theo th t X, Y, Z.
D. Nguyn t X v Y thuc 2 chu k k tip.
Cu 35: in phn dung dch gm 0,1 mol AgNO3; 0,2 mol Cu(NO3)2; 0,1 mol Fe(NO3)3 vi in
cc tr, cng dng in 40A trong thi gian 965 giy th khi lng kim loi c gii phng
catot l
A. 29,2 gam.
B. 10,8 gam.
C. 17,2 gam.
D. 23,6 gam.
Cu 36: Thu phn hon ton 3,42 gam saccaroz trong mi trng axit , thu c dung dich
X. Cho
ton b dung dch X phn ng ht vi lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3, un nong, thu c m
gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 2,16
B. 4,32
C. 21,60
D. 43,20
Cu 37: C hn hp gm Si v Al. Hn hp ny phn ng c vi dy cc dung dch no sau y:
A. NaOH KOH
B. BaCl2 v AgNO3
C. HCl, HF
D. Na2CO3 v KHCO3
Cu 38: Cho V ml dung dch HCl 2M vo 300 ml dung dch cha NaOH 0,6M v NaAlO2 (hoc
Na[Al(OH)4]) 1M n khi phn ng hon ton, thu c 15,6 gam kt ta. Gi tr ln nht ca V
thu c lng kt ta trn l
A. 390.
B. 190.
C. 400.
D. 490.
Cu 39: Hn hp X gm hai ancol no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Oxi
ho hon ton 0,2 mol hn hp X c khi lng m gam bng CuO nhit thch hp, thu c hn
hp sn phm hu c Ycha hai anehit. Cho Y tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong
NH3, thu c 54 gam Ag. Cng thc hai anehit l
A. CH3CHO, C2H5CHO
B. C2H5CHO, C3H7CHO
C. . C4H9CHO, C3H7CHO
D. HCHO, CH3CHO
Cu 40: Tin hnh cc th nghim sau:
- Ngm mt l ng trong dung dch AgNO3.
- Ngm mt l km trong dung dch HCl long.
- Ngm mt l nhm trong dung dch NaOH.
- Ngm ngp mt inh st c qun mt on dy ng trong dung dch NaCl.
- mt vt bng gang ngoi khng kh m.
- Ngm mt ming ng vo dung dch Fe2(SO4)3.
S th nghim xy ra n mn in ha l
A. 4.
B. 2
C. 3.
D. 1.
Cu 41: Cho cc cn bng sau:

2SO3(k)

2NH3 (k).
(1) 2SO2(k) + O2(k)
(2) N2 (k) + 3H2 (k)

CO(k) + H2O(k)
(3) CO2(k) + H2(k)

H2 (k) + I2 (k).
(4) 2HI (k)

Khi thay i p sut, nhm gm cc cn bng ho hc u khng b chuyn dch l

A. (3) v (4).
B. (1) v (3).
C. (2) v (4).
D. (1) v (2).
Cu 42: Hai cht X v Y c cng cng thc phn t C2H4O2. Cht X phn ng c vi kim loi Na
v tham gia phn ng trng bc. Cht Y phn ng c vi kim loi Na v ho tan c CaCO3.
Cng thc ca X, Y ln lt l
A. CH3COOH, HOCH2CHO
B. HOCH2CHO, CH3COOH
C. HCOOCH3, HOCH2CHO
D. HCOOCH3, CH3COOH
Cu 43: Tin hnh cc th nghim sau:
(a) Cho Mg vo dung dch Fe2(SO4)3 d;
(b) Dn kh H2 (d) qua bt MgO nung nng;
(c) Cho dung dch AgNO3 tc dng vi dung dch Fe(NO3)2 d;
(d) Cho Na vo dung dch MgSO4;
(e) Nhit phn Hg(NO3)2;
(g) t Ag2S trong khng kh;
(h). in phn dung dch Cu(NO3)2 vi cc dng lm bng ng, cc m lm bng thp.
S th nghim khng to thnh kim loi l
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A. 5.
B. 3.
C. 2.
Cu 44: Cho cc phn ng sau:
to
4HCl + MnO2
MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O.

D. 4.
2HCl + Fe FeCl2 + H2.

t
14HCl + K2Cr2O7
6HCl + 2Al 2AlCl3 +
2KCl + 2CrCl3 + 3Cl2 + 7H2O.
3H2.
16HCl + 2KMnO4 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O.
S phn ng trong HCl th hin tnh kh l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 1.
Cu 45: Cho 13,44 lt kh clo ( ktc) i qua 2,5 lt dung dch KOH 100oC. Sau khi phn ng xy
ra hon ton, ton b lng KCl sinh ra cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3 d thu c 71,75 gam
kt ta. Dung dch KOH trn c nng l
A. 0,48M.
B. 0,4M.
C. 0,2M.
D. 0,24M.
Cu 46: Cho cc dung dch: axit fomic, etanial, lng trng trng, alanylglyxylvalin (Ala-Gly-Val),
fructoz, propan-1,3-iol, phenol, glyxylalanin (Gly-Ala), trianmitin, saccaroz. S dung dch ha
tan c Cu(OH)2 nhit thng l
A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 47: Cho 1,9 gam hn hp mui cacbonat v hirocacbonat ca kim loi kim M tc dng ht vi dung
o

dch HCl (d), sinh ra 0,448 lt kh ( ktc). Kim loi M l

A. Li.
B. Rb.
C. Na.

D. K.
Cu 48: Sn phm hu c ca phn ng no sau y khng dng ch to t tng hp?
A. Trng ngng hexametyleniamin vi axit aipic
B. Trng ngng axit -aminocaproic.
C. Trng hp metyl metacrylat.
D. Trng hp vinyl xianua.
Cu 49: Axit fomic c th tc dng vi tt c cc cht trong dy no sau y?
A. Mg, Cu, dung dch AgNO3/NH3, NaHCO3.
B. Mg, Ag, CH3OH/H2SO4 c nng.
C. Mg, dung dch AgNO3/NH3 dung dch NaCl.
D. Mg, dung dch AgNO3/NH3, NaHCO3.
Cu 50: Ha tan hon ton 31,25 gam hn hp X gm Mg, Al v Zn trong dung dch HNO3, sau phn ng
hon ton thu c dung dch Y v hn hp gm 0,1 mol N2O v 0,1 mol NO. C cn dung dch sau phn
ng thu c 157,05 gam hn hp mui. Vy s mol HNO3 b kh trong phn ng trn l:
A. 0,40 mol
B. 0,5 mol
C. 0,45 mol
D. 0,30 mol
-----------------------------------------------

----------- HT ----------

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P N V LI
THI TH

Cu
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

M 136
A
B
D
D
D
A
A
B
C
C
D
C
C
B
D
C
A
A
D
B
A
A
C
B
B
C
D
B
D
B
D
C
A
A
C
B
A
A
D
C
A
B
B
A
D
B
C
C
D
A

M 210
C
C
B
B
D
A
C
D
C
D
D
C
A
B
C
B
B
B
C
D
B
A
A
B
C
A
D
A
C
C
D
A
C
A
A
C
D
C
B
A
B
D
D
D
A
B
D
A
B
B

M 358
A
B
A
C
A
A
C
A
D
D
A
B
B
A
B
D
D
D
C
D
C
A
C
A
C
B
D
B
D
C
A
D
B
A
D
C
A
B
B
B
C
D
C
D
C
A
B
B
C
A

M 485
C
C
A
B
D
B
C
C
C
A
C
B
B
A
D
D
B
C
A
A
C
D
C
D
A
D
D
A
B
B
D
B
D
A
B
B
A
B
D
A
B
C
C
C
A
A
D
A
D
D

GII CHI TIT

MN HA

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Li gii chi tit

Cu 1: Chn A. Do:
+ dd K2CrO4 mu vng.
+ trong dd lun tn ti cn bng :
CrO42- + H2O Cr2O72- + H+
(vng)
(cam)
+ thm H+ , cn bng dch chuyn theo chiu thun v ngc li vi OHCu 2: Chn B.
Do 1 mol COOH phn ng to 1 mol CO2 nn

nCO2=n-COOH=
Khi t chy X:

= 0,5 mol
nC(X) = nCO2 =

no(X)= 1 mol.
= 0,98 mol.

Theo nh lut bo ton khi lng

mX = mC(trong CO2) + m H(H2O) + mO(COOH) = nCO2.12 + nH2O.2 + 16nO
nH2O = 0,7 mol
mH2O = 18.nH2O = 112,6g
Cu 3: Chn D. + 2CH4 C2H2 + 3H2 (15000C, lm lnh nhanh)
+ C2H2 + H2 C2H4 (Pd/PbCO3, t0)
+ CH2=CH2 + O2 CH3CHO (PdCl2, CuCl2, t0) (Z)
+ CH3CHO + O2 CH3COOH + H2O (xt, t0 )
+ CH3COOH + C2H2 CH3COO C2H3
(M)
Cu 4: Chn D
i vi aminoaxit X thin nhin (
), mch khng nhnh, trong phn t ch cha mt
nhm NH2 v mt nhm COOH: xt phn ng vi HCl
+ HOOC-R-NH2 + HCl HOOC-R-NH3Cl
1 mol

1mol
x mol
X mol
m = 36,5x(g)= mmui mX = 16,75- 13,1
x= 0,1 mol MX = MR + 67=

= 131g

M R= 67g R : C5H7
Cu 5: Chn D
Bo ton e : ncho = nnhn vi ncho= nkim loi . ha tr kim loi
nnhn= 2. nH2= nHCl=nCl mmui = mKL + mCl- 112m2 = 112m1 + 71V
Cu 6: Chn A. Gm stiren, vinylaxetat, isopren, metylmetacrylat.
Cu 7: Chn A
- Cho dung dch AgNO3 vo dung dch Fe(NO3)2.
AgNO3 + Fe(NO3)2 Fe(NO3)3 + Ag
- Cho KHCO3 vo dung dch KHSO4
KHCO3 + KHSO4
K2SO4 + H2O + CO2
- Cho NaHCO3 vo dung dch CaCl2 v un nng nh.
NaHCO3 + CaCl2
CaCO3 + CO2 + 2NaCl
Cu 8: Chn B. Do phn ng : Pb(NO3)2 + H2S PbS + 2HNO3
(en)
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Cu 9: Chn C. Do t l mol H3PO4 : NaOH = 1 : 2 nn c phn ng sau

2NaOH + H3PO4 Na2HPO4 + 2H2O
Cu 10: Chn C. Xt 100 qung c 31,31g Ca(H2PO4)2
- dinh dng ca qung ny c anh gia b ng ham l ng % P2O5 tng ng vi l ng
photpho co trong thanh ph n cua no.
% P2O5 =

= 19,00%.

Cu 11: Chn D
- Cho 18,4 gam hn hp Y tc dng vi Na kim loi (d):
2R-OH + 2Na
2RONa + H2
nO(X)=nOH(X)=2nH2
- Mt khc, t 18,4 gam hn hp Y, thu c 30,8 gam CO2 v 18,0 gam H2O. Ta c:
mC(trong CO2) + m H(H2O) + mO(OH) = nCO2.12 + nH2O.2 + 16nO

mY =

nO(X)= 0,5 mol

VH2(dktc)= nO(X).22,4= 5,6 (l)
Cu 12: Chn C. t nCl2=x mol v nO2=y mol. Phn ng va to mui gm cc ion sau: Al3+ ,
Mg2+ , Cl- , O2- .
Theo nh lut bo ton in tch: 3nAl3+ +2nMg2+ = nCl- + 2nO2- = 2nCl2 + 4nO2
mmui= 27nAl3+ +24nMg2+ + 35,5nCl- + 16nO2H
Cu 13: Chn C. ta c dy chuyn i s OXH ca S nh sau:
S0 S-2 S-2 S+6 S+4 S0 . phn ng thuc loi phn ng oxi ho-kh khi S thay
i s xi ha. Nhng H2SO4 SO2 c th l phn ng: Na2SO3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + H2O + SO2
l phn ng trao i.
Cu 14: Chn B : 4 Zn + NO3 + 7OH 4 ZnO22 + NH3 + 2H2O
_ phng php thng bng e- :
x4 / Zn0 Zn+2 +2e
x1 / N+5 + 8e N-3
Cu 15: Chn D.
nBa(OH)2 u = 0.15 => nOH- = 0.3
nAl2(SO4)3 = 0.25x => nAl3+ = 0.5x v nSO4(2-) = 0.75x
Khi cho 150ml Ba(OH)2 vo dd thu c 42.75g kt ta
Thm tip 200ml
=> m kt ta theo l thuyt = 350*42.75/150 = 99.75g > 94.2375g
=> Lc u cha to kt ta cc i, Al2(SO4)3 d ; sau khi thm Ba(OH)2 vo th p to kt ta
ln nht v sau Ba(OH)2 d s ha tan thm mt phn kt ta
+ Khi cha thm: (tnh theo nBa(OH)2)
Ba2+ + SO4(2-) ---> BaSO4
0.15
0.15
0.15
3+
Al + 3OH ----> Al(OH)3
0.1 0.3
0.1
+ Khi thm Ba(OH)2 vo: (tnh theo nAl2(SO4)3)
Ba2+ + SO4(2-) ---> BaSO4
0.75x-0.15
0.75x-0.15
Al3+ + 3OH- ---> Al(OH)3
0.5x-0.1 1.5x-0.3 0.5x-0.1
OH- d
+ Al(OH)3 --->AlO2- + 2 H2O
0.4-1.5x+0.3 0.7-1.5x
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Ta c:
m kt ta lc sau = m kt ta ban u + mBaSO4 sau + mAl(OH)3 cha tan lc sau = 42.75 + 233*(0.75x-0.15) +
78*(0.5x-0.1-0.7+1.5x)
=> 330.75x - 54.6 = 94.2375
=> x = 0.45
Cu 16: Chn C.
X c nY = 0,2mol v nH2 = 0,4 mol . Dn hn hp Z qua dung dch Br2 d, sau phn ng hon
ton thy c 0,2 mol Br2 phn ng = s mol Y ban u
Z c 0,2 mol anken v 0,2 mol H2(H2 ch hidro ha ankin thnh anken)
mZ = 0,4.

= 0,2.Manken + 0,2.MH2

Manken= 42g

anken l C3H6

Y l C3H4
Cu 17: Chn A . Gm Al, NaHCO3, (NH4)2CO3, Al2O3, Zn.
Cu 18: Chn A
(1) etanoic: CH3COOH
(2) cloetanoic: ClCH2COOH
(3) 3-clopropanoic: ClCH2CH2COOH
(4) floetanoic: FCH2COOH
_ Do m in ca F> Cl >H v Clo cng xa nhm COOH th kh nng ht e cng gim.
Cu 19: Chn D.
Dng tng qut: 2M + 2H2O 2M(OH)x + xH2
nOH = 2nH2 =2.

= 0,08 mol

COH= 0,1 M

pH=14+
= 13
Cu 20: Chn B.
Hidro ha cht hu c X mch h thu c isopentan

X c 5C

t chy hon ton X thu c s mol H2O gp 4 ln s mol X chy

bo ton hidro
X c 8H
X l C5H8. CTCT tha mn:
CHCCH(CH) ; CH=CHC(CH)=CH ; CH=C=C(CH)

Cu 21: Chn A.
Coi A gm x mol Fe v y mol O.
Sc kh Cl2 cho n d vo X thu c dung dch Y cha 9,75 gam mui tan
mui tan chnh l FeCl3
x= nFeCl3= 0,06 mol.
y= 0,04 mol.
Cho A vo HNO3 th c qu trnh:
+ Cho e : Fe
Fe+3 + 3e
+ Nhn e: N+5 + 3e
O + 2e
3nNO + 2nO = 3nFe

N+2
O-2

VNO = 22,4. nNO = 22,4. 0,33=0,747 l

Cu 22: Chn A. Do este to t etylen glycol v axit n chc nn n c 2 nhm chc este
ng vi NaOH t l mol 1:2
nmui=nNaOH=2neste= 0,2 mol

phn

Mmui= 82g. CT este c dng (RCOO)2C2H4.

CT mui RCOONa
MR= 15g
R: CH3
Cu 23: Chn C. X gm C2H2O4 ; C2H2 ; C3H4O2(anhit) ; C3H4O2(este)
Do s mol ca axit oxalic v axetilen bng nhau
Coi X gm x mol C2H2O2 v y mol C3H4O2 (n C2H2O2 = 2 n C2H2O4 )
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Theo nh lut bo ton nguyn t Ta c

nCO2 = 2x + 3y= 1,25 mol
nH2O = x + 2y
nO(X) = 2x + 2y = 0,25 + x +2y (= 2 nCO2 + nH2O 2nO2)
x= 0,25 mol v y= 0,25 mol.
nC2H2O4 = 0,125 mol
(COOH)2 + 2NaHCO3

2CO2 + (COONa)2 + H2O

VCO2 = 22,4. 2. nC2H2O4= 5,6 l

Cu 24: Chn B
t CTPTTB 2 ancol l ROH
2R-OH + 2Na
2RONa + H2
nancol =nOH=2nH2= 0,5 mol
2ROH ROR + H2O
nH2O = 0,5nancol = 0,25 mol
Theo DLBTKL mancol = mete + mH2O
m=18g
Cu 25: Chn B. nhh= 500 mol
N2 + 3H2
Mol u 100
400
Mol p/ x
3x
Mol cb 100-x 400-3x
n hh sau = (400-2x) mol
cho

nN2= 100 mol ; nH2= 400 mol.

2NH3
0
0
2x

n1.P2=n2.P1 bi P2=0,95P1

0,95.400= 400-2x
x= 12,5 mol. Tnh hiu sut theo N2
(Tnh hiu sut theo cht no m kt qu ra cao hn)
Cu 26: Chn C. Gm CH3NH2,NaOH
Cu 27: Chn D
Ta thy X gm cc amin c cng thc phan t chung l C3H9N
C3H9N + HCl C3H10NCl

H%= 12,5 %

nHCl = nX = 0,15 mol

VHCl= 150 ml
Cu 28: Chn B
Cu 29: Chn D
Cu 30: Chn B. Trong peptit ban u c: nVal= 2,3 mol ; nGly= 3,45 mol
Trong peptit sn phm(tr X1) c nVal =2 mol ; nGly=3 mol
Theo DLBT ta c trong X1 nVal = 0,3mol ; nGly= 0,45mol
X1: Val-Gly-Gly-Val-Gly
X1= 0,15 mol
mX1= 58,050g
Cu 31: Chn D. X gm C2H4 , CH4 , C3H4 , C4H4 . = 34g
mhh = 1,7 g
Do X gm hidrocacbon c 4 H nn nH= 4nhh= 0,2 mol

nC = 0,125 mol

mtng = mCO2 + mH2O = 44.nC +18. 0.5nH= 7,3 g

Cu 32: Chn C. Gm metylamoni clorua , glyxylglyxin (gly-gly) , axit glutamic, phenol , vinyl
axetat
Cu 33: Chn A.
kt ta t cc i th ion kim loi phn ng ht vi CO32-. Theo nh lut bo ton in
tch th:
2nMg2+ + 2nBa2+ +2 nCa2+ = nCl + nNO3 = 2nCO32 nCO32- = 0,4 mol = VY.(CM (K2CO3) + CM (Na2CO3))
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 VY= 160 ml
Cu 34: Chn A.

- Y c cu hnh e l : 1s22s22p63s23p1. Y l Al.

- Vi X, do ep= 2n+1 6 v 2 n (n=2 tr ln mi c phn lp p)nn n=2
X c cu hnh e l : 1s22s22p5. X l F. S oxi ha cao nht ca F trong
hp cht l -1.
Cu 35: Chn C. Cc qu trnh c th xy ra
Ti catot( theo th t u tin phn ng trc):
(1) Ag+ + 1e Ag
(2) Fe3+ + 1e Fe2+
(3) Cu2+ +2e Cu
(4) Fe2+ + 2e Fe
Ti anot : (5) 2H2O 4H+ + O2 + 4e
ne = 0,4 mol khng xy ra (4). (1) v (2) xy ra hon ton, (3) xy ra nhng Cu2+ vn cn.
mKL = 108.mAg + 64nCu = 108.0,1 + 64.0,1= 17,2 g
Cu 36: Chn B. Thu phn hon ton
saccaroz trong mi trng axit, thu c dung dich
X cha
nglucose= nfructose = nsaccarose = 0,01 mol . c glucose v frutose u phn ng vi l ng d dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un nong
mAg =108.nAg= 108.2(nglucose+ nfructose) = 0,04.108= 4,32g
Cu 37: Chn A.
Cu 38: Chn A
t V ln nht th s xy ra trng hp to kt ta sau kt ta tan 1 phn.
OH- + H+ H2O
[Al(OH)4]- + H+ Al(OH)3 + H2O
Al(OH)3 + 3H+ Al3+ + 3H2O
nH+ = nOH- + 4nAlO2- - 3nAl(OH)3 = 0,3.0,6 + 4.0,3.1- 3.

= 0,78 mol

VHCl = 390 ml
Cu 39: Chn D.
nAg= 0,5 mol. > 2.nanhit=nancol. M ancol l n chc nn to ra anhit cng n chc nn
trong hn hp anhit phi c HCHO.
Cu 40: Chn C
- Ngm ngp mt inh st c qun mt on dy ng trong dung dch NaCl.
Ngm mt l ng trong dung dch AgNO3 (Cu-Ag)
- mt vt bng gang ngoi khng kh m (Fe-C)
Cu 41: Chn A . Thay i p sut cn bng dch theo chiu thay i s mol nhng theo hng
ngc li, iu ny khng th p dng vi phn ng khng c s chnh lch s mol 2 v ca phng
trnh.
Cu 42: Chn B
Cu 43: Chn B

(b)Dn kh H2 (d) qua bt MgO nung nng;

(cc oxit kim loi ng Al tr v trc trong dy in ha khng b kh bi
H2,CO,C)
(d)Cho Na vo dung dch MgSO4;

Na + H2O

NaOH +H2

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NaOH + MgSO4

Na2SO4 + Mg(OH)2

(h). in phn dung dch Cu(NO3)2 vi cc dng lm bng ng, cc m lm bng thp. (Hin
tng dng cc tan)
Cu 44: Chn A . Gm:
t
MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O.
4HCl + MnO2
to
2KCl + 2CrCl3 + 3Cl2 + 7H2O
14HCl +K2Cr2O7
16HCl + 2KMnO4 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O
o

Cu 45: Chn D. nAgCl=nKCl= 0,5 mol

3Cl2 + 6KOH -> 5KCl + KClO3 + 3H2O
nKCl = 0,5 mol
=> nKOH = 0,6 mol
=> CM KOH = 0,6/2,5 = 0,24 M
Cu 46: Chn B.
axit fomic

(phn ng axit bazo)

(Phn ng mu bi-ure)
(phn ng to phc xanh lam)

Cu 47: Chn C.
Chn D. Gi CTPT : M2CO3; MHCO3
nCO2= nhh= 0,02 mol
=
17,5

= 95 g
< MM < 34

M l Na.

Cu 48: Chn C. Nguyn liu Dnh cho phn ng trng hp.

Cu 49: Chn D.
Cu 50: Chn A
Gi s sau phn ng c x mol NH4NO3. Ta c:
Qu trnh cho e: Mg
Mg+2 +2e
Al

Al+3 +3e

Zn

Zn+2 +2e

Qu trnh nhn e: N+5

N+1 - 4e

N+5

N+2 - 3e

N+5
N-3 - 8e
DLBT e : 2nMg + 3nAl + 2nZn = 8nN2O + 3nNO + 8nNH4NO3
m mui = mKL + mNO3-(mui KL) + mNH4NO3
nNO3- (mui KL)= ne trao i
157,05 = 31,25 + 62(8.0,1+3.0,1+8x) + 80x
x= 0,1 mol

nHNO3 b kh = 2nN2O + nNO +nNH4NO3= 0,4 mol

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