TRNG I HC VINH

TRNG THPT CHUYN

THI TH THPT QUC GIA, LN CUI NM 2015

Mn: HA HC
Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht;
M thi 132

H v tn th sinh:.....................................................................SBD: .............................
Cho bit nguyn t khi ca cc nguyn t :
H =1, Li= 7, C = 12, N = 14, O = 16, Na = 23, Mg = 24, Al = 27, S =32, Cl = 35,5 , K = 39, Ca = 40, Rb
= 85.5 ; Fe = 56, Cu = 64, Zn = 65, Ag = 108; Cs 133
Cu 1: Polime no sau y c dng ch to thy tinh hu c plexiglas?
A. Poli(vinyl clorua).
B. Polietilen.
C. Poli(metyl metacrylat).
D. Poliacrilonitrin.
Cu 2: Thy phn hon ton m gam hn hp M gm tetrapeptit X v pentapeptit Y (u mch h) bng
dung dch KOH va , ri c cn cn thn th thu c (m + 11,42) gam hn hp mui khan ca Val v
Ala. t chy hon ton mui sinh ra bng mt lng oxi va thu c K 2CO3; 2,464 lt N2 (ktc) v
50,96 gam hn hp gm CO2 v H2O. Phn trm khi lng ca Y trong hn hp M c th l
A. 55,24%.
B. 54,54%.
C. 45,98%.
D. 64,59%.
Cu 3: t chy hon ton 0,25 mol hn hp X gm ba ancol, cn dng va V lt O2, thu c H2O v
12,32 lt CO2. Mt khc, cho 0,5 mol X trn tc dng ht vi Na, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton
thu c 12,32 lt H2. Cc th tch kh u o ktc. Gi tr ca V gn nht vi
A. 12,31.
B. 15,11.
C. 17,91.
D. 8,95.
Cu 4: Pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. Nhm khng tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long, ngui.
B. Nhm c tnh dn in v dn nhit ln hn tnh dn in v dn nhit ca st.
C. Trong cng nghip, nhm c sn xut t qung boxit.
D. Nhm c cu to kiu mng tinh th lp phng tm din.
Cu 5: Cho dy cc cht sau: C2H2, C6H5OH (phenol), C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3CHO, CH3COCH3, C2H4.
Khng nh no sau y l ng khi ni v cc cht trong dy trn?
A. C 2 cht c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc.
B. C 3 cht c kh nng tc dng vi dung dch NaOH.
C. C 4 cht c kh nng lm mt mu nc brom.
D. C 6 cht c kh nng phn ng vi H2 (xc tc Ni, nung nng).
Cu 6: Thc hin cc th nghim sau:
(1) Nung hn hp gm Fe v NaNO3 trong kh tr. (2) Cho lung kh H2 i qua bt CuO nung nng.
(3) t dy Al trong bnh kn cha y kh CO2. (4) Nhng dy Ag vo dung dch HNO3 long.
(5) Nung hn hp bt gm CuO v Al trong kh tr.
S th nghim c th xy ra phn ng oxi ha kim loi l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 7: Hn hp M gm axit cacboxylic X, ancol Y (u n chc) v este Z c to ra t X v Y
(trong M, oxi chim 43,795% v khi lng). Cho 10,96 gam M tc dng va vi 40 gam dung dch
NaOH 10%, to ra 9,4 gam mui. Cng thc ca X v Y ln lt l
A. CH2=CHCOOH v C2H5OH.
B. CH2=CHCOOH v CH3OH.
C. C2H5COOH v CH3OH.
D. CH3COOH v C2H5OH.
Cu 8: Pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. C th phn bit mantoz v saccaroz bng dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng.
B. Glucoz v mantoz u b kh bi H2 (xc tc Ni, nung nng).
C. Dung dch saccaroz tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 trong NaOH khi un nng cho kt ta Cu2O.
D. Fructoz khng lm mt mu nc brom.
Cu 9: Hn hp M gm CH3CH2OH, CH2=CHCH2OH, CH3COOH, CH2=CHCOOH, HCOOCH3. t
chy hon ton m gam M cn dng va 0,4 mol O2, thu c 0,35 mol CO2 v 0,35 mol H2O. Mt
khc, cho m gam M trn tc dng va vi 50 gam dung dch Ba(OH)2 nng x%. Gi tr ca x l
A. 68,40.
B. 17,10.
C. 34,20.
D. 8,55.
Cu 10: Nhit phn Fe(NO3)2 trong mi trng kh tr. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c
sn phm gm:
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A. FeO, NO2, O2.

B. Fe2O3, NO2, O2.
C. Fe3O4, NO2, O2.
D. Fe, NO2, O2.
Cu 11: Ha tan hon ton 9,75 gam Zn trong lng d dung dch HNO3 c, nng. Sau khi phn ng
xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch X v V lt NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 4,48.
B. 2,24.
C. 3,36.
D. 6,72.
t0
Cu 12: Cho phn ng ha hc: FeS + H2SO4 c
Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + H2O
Sau khi cn bng phn ng ho hc trn vi h s ca cc cht l nhng s nguyn dng, ti gin th
tng h s ca H2SO4 v FeS l
A. 12.
B. 10.
C. 14.
D. 16.
Cu 13: Etyl axetat khng tc dng vi
A. H2O (xc tc H2SO4 long, un nng).
B. H2 (xc tc Ni, nung nng).
C. dung dch Ba(OH)2 (un nng).
D. O2, t0.
Cu 14: Cho hnh v m t th nghim iu ch kh Y t cht rn X nh sau:

Hnh v trn minh ha cho phn ng no sau y?

0
0
A. 2KMnO4 t
K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
B. NH4Cl t NH3 + HCl
0
C. BaSO3 t BaO + SO2
D. CaC2 + 2H2O
Ca(OH)2 + C2H2
Cu 15: X, Y, Z l ba axit cacboxylic n chc cng dy ng ng (MX < MY < MZ ), T l este to bi
X, Y, Z vi mt ancol no, ba chc, mch h E. t chy hon ton 26,6 gam hn hp M gm X, Y, Z, T
(trong Y v Z c cng s mol) bng lng va kh O2, thu c 22,4 lt CO2 (ktc) v 16,2 gam
H2O. Mt khc, un nng 26,6 gam M vi lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra
hon ton, thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Mt khc, cho 13,3 gam M phn ng ht vi 400 ml dung dch NaOH
1M v un nng, thu c dch N. C cn dung dch N thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m gn
nht vi
A. 38,04.
B. 24,74.
C. 16,74.
D. 25,10.
Cu 16: Hp cht no sau y l loi hp cht hu c tp chc?
A. HCOOH.
B. H2NCH2COOH.
C. HOCH2CH2OH.
D. CH3CHO.
Cu 17: Cht no sau y khng tc dng vi dung dch NaOH?
A. CH3COOH.
B. C2H5NH3Cl.
C. C2H4.
D. C6H5OH (phenol).
Cu 18: Hn hp X gm axit oxalic, axit axetic, axit acrylic v axit malonic (HOOCCH 2COOH). Cho
0,25 mol X phn ng ht vi lng d dung dch NaHCO 3, thu c 0,4 mol CO 2. t chy hon ton
0,25 mol X trn cn dng va 0,4 mol O2, thu c CO2 v 7,2 gam H2O. Phn trm khi lng ca
axit oxalic trong X l
A. 21,63%.
B. 43,27%.
C. 56,73%.
D. 64,90%.
Cu 19: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Vinyl axetat khng lm mt mu dung dch brom.
B. Metyl fomat khng to lin kt hiro vi nc.
C. Cht git ra l nhng cht khi dng cng vi nc th c tc dng lm sch cc cht bn bm trn
cc vt rn bng phn ng ha hc vi cc cht .
D. Lipit l nhng hp cht hu c c trong t bo sng, khng ha tan trong nc, nhng ha tan
trong cc dung mi hu c khng phn cc.
Cu 20: trng thi c bn, cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t nguyn t X l 3s 23p1. V tr
(chu k, nhm) ca X trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc l
A. chu k 3, nhm IIIB. B. chu k 3, nhm IA. C. chu k 4, nhm IB. D. chu k 3, nhm IIIA.

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Cu 21: Hp th hon ton 11,2 lt CO 2 (ktc) vo dung dch cha x mol Ca(OH) 2; y mol NaOH v x mol
KOH. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c dung dch cha 32,3 gam mui (khng c kim
d) v 15 gam kt ta. B qua s thy phn ca cc ion, t l x : y c th l
A. 2 : 3.
B. 8 : 3.
C. 49 : 33.
D. 4 : 1.
Cu 22: Cho cn bng ha hc sau (xy ra trong bnh kn dung tch khng i):

PCl5 (k)
PCl3 (k) + Cl2 (k); H > 0
Trong cc yu t: (1) tng nhit ca h phn ng; (2) thm mt lng kh Cl 2; (3) thm mt lng
kh PCl5; (4) tng p sut chung ca h phn ng; (5) dng cht xc tc. Nhng yu t no u lm cn
bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun (gi nguyn cc yu t khc)?
A. (2), (4), (5).
B. (1), (3), (4).
C. (1), (3).
D. (1), (3), (5).
Cu 23: Mt hc sinh nghin cu dung dch X v thu c kt qu nh sau: Dung dch X tc dng c
vi dung dch Ba(OH)2, sinh ra kt ta trng. Khi cho dung dch X tc dng vi dung dch HCl, sinh ra
kh khng lm mt mu dung dch KMnO4. Dung dch X tc dng vi dung dch natri panmitat, sinh ra
kt ta. Vy dung dch X l dung dch no sau y?
A. Dung dch NaHSO3.
B. Dung dch NaHCO3.
C. Dung dch Ca(HSO3)2.
D. Dung dch Ca(HCO3)2.
Cu 24: Pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. N-Metylanilin l mt amin thm.
B. Metylamin phn ng vi axit nitr nhit thng, sinh ra bt kh.
C. Mui metylamoni clorua khng tan trong nc.
D. Khi cho anilin phn ng vi dung dch H2SO4 long, ly mui va to ra cho tc dng vi lng d
dung dch NaOH li thu c anilin.
Cu 25: Cho phn ng ha hc: Br2 + 5Cl2 + 6H2O
2HBrO3 + 10HCl
Cu no sau y din t ng tnh cht ca cc cht phn ng?
A. Br2 l cht oxi ha, Cl2 l cht kh.
B. Br2 l cht oxi ha, H2O l cht kh.
C. Br2 l cht kh, Cl2 l cht oxi ha.
D. Cl2 l cht oxi ha, H2O l cht kh.
Cu 26: Cht no sau y khng c phn ng trng bc?
A. CH2=CHCHO.
B. CH3COCH3.
C. CH3CHO.
D. C6H12O6 (fructoz).
Cu 27: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Trng ngng caprolactam thu c t capron.
B. Peptit, tinh bt, xenluloz v t lapsan u b thy phn trong dung dch NaOH long, un nng.
C. Anilin v phenol u lm mt mu nc brom nhit thng.
D. Cc ancol a chc u phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 to dung dch mu xanh lam.
Cu 28: Cho 2,13 gam P2O5 tc dng vi 80 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon
ton, thu c dung dch X cha m gam mui. B qua s thy phn ca cc ion, gi tr ca m l
A. 4,70.
B. 4,48.
C. 2,46.
D. 4,37.
Cu 29: dng lng, phenol v ancol benzylic u phn ng vi
A. dung dch NaCl.
B. dung dch NaHCO3. C. dung dch NaOH.
D. kim loi Na.
Cu 30: Pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. S ng phn cu to amino axit c cng cng thc phn t C4H9NO2 l 5.
B. Cc amino axit u l nhng cht rn nhit thng.
C. Protein c phn ng mu biure vi Cu(OH)2.
D. Tripeptit glyxylalanylglyxin (mch h) c 3 lin kt peptit.
Cu 31: Tin hnh cc th nghim sau:
(1) Cho l hp kim Fe - Cu vo dung dch H2SO4 long.
(2) Cho l Cu vo dung dch AgNO3.
(3) Cho l Zn vo dung dch HNO3 long.
(4) t dy Mg trong bnh ng kh Cl2.
S th nghim c xy ra n mn ha hc l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 1.
Cu 32: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(1) Khi t chy hon ton mt ancol X bt k, nu thu c s mol CO 2 nh hn s mol H2O th X l
ancol no, n chc, mch h.
(2) T nilon 6,6 v t visco u l t tng hp.
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(3) CH3COOH v H2NCH2CH2NH2 c khi lng phn t bng nhau nn l cc cht ng phn vi
nhau.
(4) Cc cht: CHCl=CHCl, CH3CH=CHCH2OH, CH3CH=CHCOOH u c ng phn hnh hc.
Nhng pht biu sai l
A. (2), (3).
B. (1), (3), (4).
C. (1), (2), (3).
D. (1), (2), (4).
Cu 33: Pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. Cc kim loi kim v kim th u tc dng c vi nc nhit thng hoc khi un nng.
B. So vi nguyn t natri, nguyn t magie c m in ln hn v bn knh nh hn.
C. Cc kim loi kim (t Li n Cs) c bn knh nguyn t tng dn.
D. Cc kim loi kim th (t Be n Ba) c m in gim dn.
Cu 34: Cho m gam bt Fe vo 100 ml dung dch CuSO 4 1M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu
c dung dch X v 9,2 gam cht rn Y. Gi tr ca m l
A. 5,6.
B. 8,4.
C. 11,2.
D. 2,8.
Cu 35: Hn hp M gm C2H5NH2, CH2=CHCH2NH2, H2NCH2CH2CH2NH2, CH3CH2CH2NH2 v
CH3CH2NHCH3. t chy hon ton 5,6 lt M, cn dng va 25,76 lt O 2, ch thu c CO2; 18 gam
H2O v 3,36 lt N2. Cc th tch kh u o iu kin tiu chun. Phn trm khi lng ca C 2H5NH2
trong M l
A. 48,21%.
B. 24,11%.
C. 40,18%.
D. 32,14%.
Cu 36: Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp X gm K, K 2O, KOH, KHCO3, K2CO3 trong lng va
dung dch HCl 14,6%, thu c 6,72 lt (ktc) hn hp gm hai kh c t khi so vi H 2 l 15 v dung
dch Y c nng 25,0841%. C cn dung dch Y, thu c 59,6 gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 46,6.
B. 37,6.
C. 18,2.
D. 36,4.
Cu 37: Cho 38,55 gam hn hp X gm Mg, Al, ZnO v Fe(NO 3)2 tan hon ton trong dung dch cha
0,725 mol H2SO4 long. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c dung dch Y ch cha 96,55
gam mui sunfat trung ha v 3,92 lt (ktc) kh Z gm hai kh trong c mt kh ha nu ngoi khng
kh. Bit t khi ca Z so vi H2 l 9. Phn trm s mol ca Mg trong hn hp X gn nht vi gi tr no
sau y?
A. 25.
B. 15.
C. 40.
D. 30.
Cu 38: Cho 300 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1M vo 200 ml dung dch cha AlCl3 0,75M v HCl 0,5M. Sau
khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 7,80.
B. 3,90.
C. 11,70.
D. 5,85.
Cu 39: Phng trnh ha hc no sau y l sai?
0
A. Cr2O3 + 2Al t Al2O3 + 2Cr
B. Fe3O4 + 8HI
3FeI2 + I2 + 4H2O
C. FeCl3 + 3AgNO
Fe(NO3)3 + 3AgCl D. 2FeCl3 + 3H2S
2FeS + S + 6HCl
3
Cu 40: Cho s phn ng sau:
0
0
Cl 2 +dung dch KOH d
(NH4)2Cr2O7 t X
Z +dung dch H2SO4 lo ng T
dung dch HCl,t Y
Trong X, Y, Z, T u l cc hp cht khc nhau ca crom. Cht T l
A. K2Cr2O7.
B. K2CrO4.
C. Cr2(SO4)3.
D. CrSO4.
Cu 41: Cho 20,8 gam hn hp M gm hai cht hu c, tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH, thu c
dung dch N gm hai mui R1COONa, R2COONa v m gam R'OH (R2 = R1 + 28; R1, R2, R' u l cc
gc hirocacbon). C cn N ri t chy ht ton b lng cht rn, thu c H 2O; 15,9 gam Na2CO3 v
7,84 lt CO2 (ktc). Bit t khi hi ca R'OH so vi H2 nh hn 30; cng thc ca hai cht hu c trong
M l
A. HCOOCH3 v C2H5COOCH3.
B. CH3COOC2H5 v C3H7COOC2H5.
C. HCOOH v C2H5COOCH3.
D. HCOOCH3 v C2H5COOH.
Cu 42: Nh rt t t dung dch HCl vo dung dch cha a mol KOH, b mol NaOH v c mol K 2CO3, kt
qu th nghim c biu din trn th sau:
S mol CO2

0,3

0,4

S mol HCl
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Tng (a + b) c gi tr l
A. 0,2.
B. 0,3.
C. 0,1.
D. 0,4.
Cu 43: Ha tan hon ton m gam MSO 4 (M l kim loi) vo nc thu c dung dch X. in phn
dung dch X (in cc tr, hiu sut 100%) vi cng dng in 7,5A khng i, trong khong thi
gian 1 gi 4 pht 20 giy, thu c dung dch Y v khi lng catot tng a gam. Dung dch Y tc dng
va vi 200 ml dung dch cha KOH 1M v NaOH 1M, sinh ra 4,9 gam kt ta. Coi ton b lng
kim loi sinh ra u bm ht vo catot. Gi tr ca m v a ln lt l
A. 24 v 9,6.
B. 32 v 4,9.
C. 30,4 v 8,4.
D. 32 v 9,6.
Cu 44: Cht no sau y khng phn ng vi dung dch CuSO4?
A. H2S.
B. BaCl2.
C. Fe2O3.
D. NaOH.
Cu 45: C 3 dung dch: Na2SO3, NaNO3, NH4NO3 ng ring bit trong 3 ng nghim mt nhn. Thuc
th duy nht cn dng nhn bit 3 ng nghim trn bng phng php ha hc l
A. dung dch HCl.
B. dung dch NaOH.
C. dung dch Ba(OH)2. D. dung dch BaCl2.
Cu 46: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(1) Kh SO2 gy ra hin tng hiu ng nh knh.
(2) Kh CO2 gy ra hin tng ma axit.
(3) Cc dng nhin liu nh than, du m v kh t nhin c gi l nhin liu ha thch.
(4) Khi c thi ra kh quyn, freon (ch yu l CFCl3 v CF2Cl2) ph hy tng ozon.
(5) Cc ngun nng lng: thy in, gi, mt tri u l nhng ngun nng lng sch.
Nhng pht biu ng l
A. (3), (4), (5).
B. (1), (2), (4).
C. (1), (2), (4), (5).
D. (2), (3), (4), (5).
Cu 47: Cho m gam hn hp bt X gm Fe xOy, CuO v Cu (x, y nguyn dng) vo 600 ml dung dch
HCl 1M, thu c dung dch Y (khng cha HCl) v cn li 6,4 gam kim loi khng tan. Cho Y tc dng
vi lng d dung dch AgNO3, thu c 102,3 gam kt ta. Bit cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton. Gi
tr ca m gn nht vi gi tr no sau y?
A. 22,7.
B. 34,1.
C. 29,1.
D. 27,5.
Cu 48: Nung nng hn hp X gm ba hirocacbon c cc cng thc tng qut l C nH2n+2, CmH2m,
Cn+m+1H2m (u l hirocacbon mch h v iu kin thng u l cht kh; n, m nguyn dng) v 0,1
mol H2 trong bnh kn (xc tc Ni). Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp Y. Cho Y
tc dng vi lng d dung dch Br2 trong CCl4, thy c ti a 24 gam Br2 phn ng. Mt khc, t chy
hon ton Y, thu c a mol CO2 v 0,5 mol H2O. Gi tr ca a l
A. 0,25.
B. 0,30.
C. 0,50.
D. 0,45.
Cu 49: S ng phn cu to bn, mch h c cng cng thc phn t C3H6O2 u tc dng vi kim loi
Na l
A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 7.
D. 4.
Cu 50: Dy no sau y ch gm cc kim loi va tc dng vi dung dch HCl, va tc dng vi dung
dch NaOH?
A. Al, Zn, Na.
B. Al, Zn, Cr.
C. Ba, Na, Cu.
D. Mg, Zn, Cr.
----------- HT ----------

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