Professional Documents
Culture Documents
com/AutocadVietNam
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Mc lc
1.
2.
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5.
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VI. Cc lnh hiu chnh cn bn
1. Lnh xa i tng Erase (E)
2. Lnh phc hi i tng b xo Oops
3. Lnh hu b lnh va thc hin Undo (U)
4. Lnh phc hi i tng va Undo l Redo
5. Lnh ti to mn hnh hay v li mn hnh Redraw (R)
6. Lnh ti to i tng trn mn hinh Regen (RE)
VII. Cc lnh hiu chnh to hnh
1. Lnh to cc i tng song song vi cc i tng cho trc Offset (O)
2. Lnh ct i tng gia hai i tng giao Trim (TR)
3.Lnh ct m rng Extrim
4. Lnh xn mt phn i tng gia hai im chn Break (BR)
5. Lnh ko di i tng n i tng chn Extend (EX)
6. Lnh thay i chiu di i tng Lengthen (LEN)
7. Lnh vt mp cc cnh Chamfer (CHA)
8. Lnh vut gc hai i tng vi bn knh cho trc Fillet (F)
9. Lnh hiu chnh a tuyn Pedit
10. Lnh v mt ng thng hoc mt chm ng thng giao nhau. XLINE (Construction line)
11.Lnh v mt na ng thng (RAY)
12. Lnh v hnh vnh khn (DONUT )
13.Lnh v cc on thng c dy (TRACE )
14.Lnh v min c t c (SOLID )
15. Lnh to mt min t cc hnh ghp (REGION)
16.Lnh Cng cc vng Region (UNION )
17.Lnh Tr cc vng Region ( SUBTRACT )
18.Lnh Ly giao ca cc vng Region (INTERSECT )
19.Lnh to nn mt i tng Pline (hoc Region) c dng mt ng bao kn (BOUNDARY)
VIII. Cc Lnh bin i v sao chp hnh
1. Lnh di di i tng Move (M)
2. Lnh sao chp i tng Copy (Co)
3. Lnh quay i tng xung quanh mt im Rotate (RO)
4. Lnh thu phng i tng theo t l Scale (SC)
5. Lnh i xng qua trc Mirror (MI).
6. Lnh di v ko gin i tng Stretch (S).
7. Lnh sao chp dy Array (AR)
IX. Qun l bn v theo lp, ng nt v mu
1. To lp mi Lnh Layer (L)
2. Nhp cc dng ng vo trong bn v Linetype hoc Format \ Linetype
3. nh t l cho dng ng Ltscale
4. Bin CELTSCALE
X. Hnh ct mt ct v v k hiu vt liu
1. Trnh t v mt ct
2. V mt ct bng lnh Hatch (H) hoc BHatch
3. Lnh hiu chnh mt ct HatchEdit
XI. Nhp v hiu chnh vn bn
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1. Trnh t nhp v hiu chnh vn bn
2. To kiu ch lnh Style (ST)hoc vo menu Format \ TextStyle
3. Lnh nhp dng ch vo bn v Text
4. Lnh TextFill t en ch hoc khng t en.
5. Lnh nhp on vn bn Mtext (MT)
6. Lnh hiu chnh vn bn DDedit (ED)
7. Lnh QTEXT hin th dng k t theo dng rt gn
XII. Ghi v hiu chnh kch thc
1. Cc thnh phn kch thc
2. To cc kiu kch thc DimStyle (D) hoc Ddim hoc Dimension \ Style
3. Cc lnh ghi kch thc thng
4. Cc lnh ghi kch thc hng tm
5. Cc lnh ghi kch thc khc.
6. Lnh hiu chnh kch thc
XIII. Bng lnh tt
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kin t hp nhiu hnh khi t s t cc i tng ban u, rt ph hp vi tng sng tc trong
ngnh xy dng.
AutoCad c cc cng c to phi cnh v h tr v trong khng gian ba chiu mnh, gip c
cc gc nhn chnh xc ca cc cng trnh nh trong thc t.
AutoCad cung cp cc ch v thun tin, v cng c qun l bn v mnh, lm cho bn v
c t chc c khoa hc, my tnh x l nhanh, khng mc li, v nhiu ngi c th tham gian
trong qu trnh thit k.
Cui cng, AutoCad cho php in bn v theo ng t l, v xut bn v ra cc lai tp khc
nhau tng thch vi nhiu th loi phn mm khc nhau.
3. Lm quen s b vi AutoCad
Khi ng AutoCad
-Bt my, bt mn hnh
- Nhp p phm tri ca chut vo biu tng AutoCad 2007.
-Hoc dng chut vo Start/Programs/Autodesk/AutoCad 2007.
Cc cch vo lnh trong AutoCad
Vo lnh t bn phm c th hin dng "Command". Cc lnh c dch ra nhng ngn t
thng dng ca ting Anh, nh line, pline, arc v thng c lnh vit tt. Khi ang thc hin mt
lnh, mun g lnh mi, cn nhp phm ESC trn bn phm.
Vo lnh t thc n th c thc hin thng qua chut. Cng c th vo lnh t thc n mn hnh
bn phi
Vo lnh t nhng thanh cng c. Nhng thanh cng c ny c thit k theo nhm lnh. Mi
k hiu thc hin mt lnh.
Cc cch vo lnh u c gi tr ngang nhau. Tu theo thi quen v tin nghi ca mi ngi s
dng m p dng. Thng th ta kt hp gia g lnh vo bn phm v dng thanh cng c hay thc
n s xung.
4. Chc nng mt s phm c bit
-F1 : Tr gip Help
-F2 : Chuyn t mn hnh ho sang mn hnh vn bn v ngc li.
-F3 : (Ctrl + F) Tt m ch truy bt im thng tr (OSNAP)
- F5 : (Ctrl + E) Chuyn t mt chiu ca trc o ny sang mt chiu trc o khc.
- F6 : (Ctrl + D) Hin th ng to ca con chut khi thay i v tr trn mn hnh
- F7 : (Ctrl + G) M hay tt mng li im (GRID)
-F8 : (Ctrl + L) Gii hn chuyn ng ca chut theo phng thng ng hoc nm ngang
(ORTHO)
- F9 : (Ctrl + B) Bt tt bc nhy (SNAP)
-F10 : Tt m dng trng thi Polar
Phm ENTER :
Kt thc vic a mt cu lnh v nhp cc d liu vo my x l. Phm
BACKSPACE ( <-- ): Xo cc k t nm bn tri con tr.
Phm CONTROL :
Nhp phm ny ng thi vi mt phm khc s
gy ra cc hiu qu khc nhau tu thuc nh ngha ca chng trnh (V
d : CTRL + S l ghi bn v ra a.
Phm SHIFT :
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in.
Phm ARROW
(cc phm mi tn ): Di chuyn con tr trn mn hnh.
Phm CAPSLOCK : Chuyn gia kiu ch thng sang kiu ch in.
Phm ESC :
Hu lnh ang thc hin.
R (Redraw) :
Ty sch mt cch nhanh chng cc du "+" ( BLIPMODE )
DEL :
thc hin lnh Erase
Ctrl + P :
Thc hin lnh in Plot/Print
Ctrl + Q :
Thc hin lnh thot khi bn v
Ctrl + Z :
Thc hin lnh Undo
Ctrl + Y :
Thc hin lnh Redo
Ctrl + S :
Thc hin lnh Save , QSave
Ctrl + N :
Thc hin lnh To mi bn v New
Ctrl + O :
Thc hin lnh m bn v c sn Open
Chc nng ca cc phm chut:
- Phm tri dng chn i tng v chn cc v tr trn mn hnh.
- Phm phi, tng ng vi phm ENTER trn bn phm, khng nh cu lnh.
- Phm gia (thng l phm con ln) dng kch hot tr gip bt im, hoc khi xoay th s thu
phng mn hnh tng ng.
5. Cc quy c
H to : Mi im trong khng gian c xc nh bng 1 h to x, y, z vi 3 mt phng c
bn xy, xz, yz.
n v o: Thc t thit k trong ngnh xy dng cho thy, n v thng dng v l mm. Do
vy nhn chung, ta c th quy c rng:
Mt n v trn mn hnh tung ng 1mm trn thc t.
Gc xoay:
- Trong mt phng hai chiu, xoay theo chiu kim ng h l gc m (-), ngc chiu kim ng h l
gc dung (+).
Nhp lnh
Ctrl + N
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Menu bar
File\Save...
Nhp lnh
Save hoc Ctrl + S
Toolbar
+ Trng hp bn v cha c ghi thnh File th sau khi thc hin lnh Save xut hin hp thoi
Save Drawing As ta thc hin cc bc sau.
-Chn th mc, a mc: Save In
- t tn File vo : File Name
-Chn Files of type chn ghi File vi cc phin bn Cad trc ( Nu cn)
-Cui cng nhn nt SAVE hoc nhn phm ENTER
+ Trng hp bn v c ghi thnh File th ta ch cn nhp chut tri vo biu tng ghi trn
thanh cng c hoc nhn phm Ctrl + S lc ny Cad t ng cp nht nhng thay i vo file c ghi
sn .
3. M bn v c sn.
Xut hin hp thoi : Select File
Menu bar
Nhp lnh
Toolbar
File\Open...
Save hoc Ctrl + O
Toolbar
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a. H to cc.
xc nh v tr im ng, mt phng v cc i tng hnh hc khc th v tr ca chng phi
c tham chiu n mt v tr bit. im ny gi l im tham chiu hoc im gc ta . H to
cc c s dng ph bin trong ton hc v ho v dng xc nh v tr ca cc hnh hc trong
mt phng v trong khng gian ba chiu.
H to hai chiu (2D) c thit lp bi mt im gc to l giao im gia hai trc
vung gc: Trc honh nm ngang v trc tung thng ng. Trong bn v AutoCad mt im trong
bn v hai chiu c xc nh bng honh X v tung Y cch nhau bi du phy (X,Y). im
gc to l (0,0) . X v Y c th mang du m hoc du dng tu thuc v tr ca im so vi trc to
. Trong bn v ba chiu (3D) ta phi nhp thm cao Z
* To tuyt i
Da theo gc to (0,0) ca bn v xc nh im. Gi tr to tuyt i da theo gc to
(0,0) ni m trc X v trc Y giao nhau. S dng to tuyt i khi m bn bit chnh xc gi tr
to X v Y ca im.
V d to 30,50 nh hnh v ch nh im c 30 n v dc theo trc X v 50 n v dc theo
trc Y. Trn hnh v 1 v ng thng bt u
t im (-50,-50) n (30,-50) ta thc hin nh sau:
Command:
Line
Specify first point:
-50,-50
Specify next point or [Undo]:
30,-50
* To tng i
Da trn im nhp cui cng nht trn bn
v. S dng to tng i khi bn bit v tr ca
im tng i vi im trc . ch nh to
tng i ta nhp vo trc to du @ (at sign).
V d to @30,50 ch nh 1 im 30 n v
theo trc X v 50 n v theo trc Y t im ch
nh cui cng nht trn bn v.
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V d nhp 1<315 tng ng vi 1<-45. Bn c th thay i thit lp hng v ng
chun o gc bng lnh Units.
To cc c th l tuyt i (o theo gc to ) hoc tng i (o theo im trc ).
ch nh to cc tng i ta nhp thm du @ (a mc, a cng hoc at sign)
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Trong v d sau y ta v cc on thng l cc cnh ca lc gic u (hnh v ) theo to cc
vi cc gc khc nhau s dng hng gc mc nh (chiu dng trc X l gc 0)
Hnh 1: Dng lnh v Line Command: Line
Specify first point : (To im P1 bt k) Specify
next point or [Undo] : @60<0 (P2) Specify next
point or [Undo/Close]: @60<60 (P3)
Specify next point or [Undo/Close]: @60<120 (P4)
Specify next point or [Undo/Close]: @60<180 (P5)
Specify next point or [Undo/Close]: @60<-120 (P6)
Specify next point or [Undo/Close]: C (ng im
u vi im cui P6 vi P1)
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- Di chuyn vung truy bt ngang qua v tr cn truy bt, khi s c mt khung hnh k hiu phng
thc (Marker) hin ln ti im cn truy bt v nhp phm chn (khi cn nhp phm TAB chn im truy
bt)
-Trong AutoCAD 2015, ta c tt c 15 phng thc truy bt im ca i tng (gi tt l truy bt
im). Ta c th s dng cc phng thc truy bt im thng tr hoc tm tr. Trong mc ny gii
thiu truy bt im tm tr.
Cc phng thc truy bt i tng (theo th t )
4. INTersection
5. MIDpoint
6. NEArest
7. NODe
8. PERpendicular
9. QUAdrant
10. TANgent
11. FROm
1. CENter
2. ENDpoint
3. INSert
12. APPint
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13. Tracking
Gn ch truy bt im thng tr
4. Lnh Osnap (OS)
vo ca s lnh Object Snap ta lm nh sau:
Nhp lnh
Customization
OSnap hoc OS
Snap model/Snap model/snap setting/object snap
gn ch truy bt im thng tr bng hp thoi Drafting Setting. lm xut hin hp
thoi Drafting Setting ta thc hin
G lnh OSnap (OS) hoc tools/Dsettings hoc bng Menu hoc gi Shift v nhp phi
chut trn mn hnh CAD s xut hin Shortcut Menu v ta chn OSnap Settings... ( Nu
trc
cha gn ch truy bt im thng tr no ta c th nhn phm F3)
Khi hp thoi Drafting Setting xut hin ta chn trang Object Snap Sau ta chn
cc phng thc truy bt im cn dng sau nhn OK thot.
IV. Cc thit lp bn v c bn
1. Gii hn khng gian v - Lnh LIMITS
Sau khi khi ng chng trnh AutoCad, nhp chut vo Start from scartch v chn h o l
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Metric, ta s c mt mn hnh ca khng gian lm vic c ln mc nh l 420, 297 n v. Nu quy
c 1 n v trn mn hnh tng ng vi 1 mm ngoi thc t, ta s v c i tng c kch 42 cm x
29,7 cm. Nu v cng trnh, khng gian rt cht hp. Do vy ta cn nh ngha mt khng gian lm
vic ln hn.
Nhp lnh:
Menu : Format/Drawing Limits
Bn phm : Limits
Command : limits
G lnh gii hn mn hnh
Reset Model space limits :
Nhp Enter ng vi to im u
Specify lower left corner or [ON/OFF]
ca gii hn mn hnh.
<0.0000,0.0000> :
Specify upper right corner
Cho gii hn mn hnh ln bng mt khng
<420.0000,297.0000> : 42000,29700
gian rng 42 m x 29,7 m ngoi thc t
Lu :
-Cho d khng gian c nh ngha rng hn 100 ln hin ti, mn hnh lc ny vn khng c g
thay i. Ta phi thc hin lnh thu khng gian gii hn vo bn trong mn hnh bng lnh di
y.
2. Thu khng gian c gii hn vo trong mn hnh - Lnh ZOOM.
Nhp lnh:
Menu : View/Zoom
Command : z
-Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor
(nX or nXP), or [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/
Previous/Scale/Window] <real time> : a
Cc tham s ca lnh ZOOM:
Bn phm : zoom
- G lnh thu phng mn hnh
- Nhp tham s cn dng sau g Enter
Real Time: Sau khi vo lnh ZOOM ta nhn phm Enter lun vo thc hin la chn sau ta gi phm tri chut v click
a ln trn hoc xung di phng to hay thu nh.
All: Autocad s hin th tt c bn v trn mn hnh lm vic
Center: Phng to mn hnh lm vieevj quanh mt tm im v vi chiu cao ca ca s lm vic
Window: Phng to ln mn hnh phn hnh nh xc nh bi khung ca s hnh ch nht.
Previus: Phc hi li hnh nh Zoom trc .
Lu :
-Nu c i tng v to hn hoc nm ngoi gii hn mn hnh th lnh ny s thu ng thi c gii
hn mn hnh (t to 0,0) v i tng v vo trong mn hnh.
3. Lnh y bn v Pan
Lnh Pan cho php y bn v. di chuyn v tr bn v so vi mn hnh quan st cc phn cn thit ca bn v m khng lm thay i
ln hnh nh bn v.
Nhp lnh
Mouse
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Pan hoc P
4. n v o bn v.
Lnh Unit nh n v di v n v gc cho bn v hin hnh. Sau khi vo lnh s xut hin hp thoi
Drawing Units. Trn hp thoi ny ta c th chn n v cho bn v.
Nhp lnh
Customization
Units
5. Lnh Snap.
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Lnh Snap iu khin trng thi con chy (Cursor) l giao im ca hai si tc. Xc nh bc nhy
con chy v gc quay ca hai si tc. Bc nhy bng khong cch li Grid Trng thi Snap c
th tt m bng cch nhp p chut vo nt Snap trn thanh trng thi pha di hoc nhn phm F9
Nhp lnh
Snap
Phm tt
F9 hoc Ctrl + B
6. Lnh Grid.
Lnh Grid to cc im li trn gii hn bn v khong cch cc im li theo phng
X, Y c th ging nhau hoc khc nhau tu theo ta nh ngha trong hp thoi Drafting Setting...
Trng thi Grid c th tt m bng cch nhp p chut vo nt Grid trn thanh trng thi pha di
hoc nhn phm F7.
Nhp lnh
Phm tt
Grid
F7 hoc Ctrl + G
7. Lnh Ortho
Lnh Orthor thit lp ch v lnh Line theo phng ca cc si tc
Lnh tt
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mvsetup
MVS
Sau khi nhp lnh ta nhn phm Space ca s command xut hin cc dnh nhc v ta lm nh sau:
Dng nhc ti thanh command
Nhp vo cc gi tr thit lp nh sau
(Ta nhp N v nhn Enter)
Enable pager Space? [No/Yes] <Y>
(ta nhp M chn h mt v nhn Enter)
Enter units type [.........../Metric]
( Nhp gi tr t l)
Enter the scale factor
Enter the Pager width
(Nhp chiu rng kh giy)
Enter the Pager height
(Nhp chiu cao kh giy)
Nu mun v vi t l 1:100 th ta nhp vo l 100 hoc 1:50 th nhp l 50. Tng t vi cc t l
khc.
Bng n gii hn bn v (Limits) theo kh giy in v t l.
Paper size (mm)
A4: 297x210
mm
m
A3: 420x297
mm
m
A2: 594x420
mm
m
A1: 841x594
mm
m
A0: 1189x841
mm
m
T l v: 1:1
T l in: 1=1
T l v: 1:2
T l in: 1=2
T l v: 1:5
T l in: 1=5
T l v: 1:10
T l in: 1=10
T l v: 1:20
T l in: 1=20
297x210
0.297x0.21
594x420
0.594x0.42
1485x1050
1.485x1.05
2970x2100
2.97x2.1
5940x4200
5.94x4.2
420x297
0.42x0.297
840x594
0.84x0.594
2100x1485
2.1x1.485
4200x2970
4.1x2.97
8400x5940
8.4x5.94
549x420
0.549x0.42
1188x840
1.188x0.84
2970x2100
2.97x2.1
5940x4200
5.94x4.2
11880x8400
11.88x8.4
841x594
0.841x0.594
1682x1188
1.682x1.188
4205x2970
4.205x2.97
8410x5940
8.41x5.94
16820x11880
16.82x11.88
1189x841
1.189x0.841
2378x1682
2.378x1.682
5945x4205
5.945x4.205
11980x8410
1.198x8.41
23780x16820
23.78x16.82
V. Cc Lnh v c bn.
1. Lnh v ng thng Line ( vi cc phng php nhp to )
Ribbon
Draw/Line
Nhp lnh
Line hoc L
Command : L
Tool bar
Ch cn g ch ci l
- Nhp to im u tin
- Nhp to im cui ca on thn
Specify next point or [Undo/Close] - Tip tc nhp to
im cui ca on thng hoc g ENTER kt
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thc lnh ( Nu ti dng nhc ny ta g U th Cad s
hu ng thng va v. Nu g C th Cad s ng
im cui cng vi im u tin trong trng hp v
nhiu on thng lin tip)
-Trong trng hp F8 bt th ta ch cn a chut v pha mun v on thng sau nhp chiu di ca
on thng cn v .
V d:
Command : L
- Specify first point
- Chn mt im u tin
Specify next point or [Undo]: 100 - Bt F8 (Ortho On) a chut sang phi g s s c
on thng nm ngang di 100
Nhp lnh
Line hoc C
Tool bar
: Ti dng nhc ny ta g 3P
: Nhp im th nht ( dng cc phng
php nhp to hoc truy bt im)
: Nhp im th 2
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: Ti dng nhc ny ta g T
: Chn i tng th nht ng
trn tip xc
Specify Point on Object for Second tangent of Circle : Chn i tng th hai ng
trn tip xc
Specify Radius of Circle <>
: Nhp bn knh ng trn
Nhp lnh
Arc hoc A
Tool bar
- Nhp im th nht
- Nhp im th hai
- Nhp im th ba.
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Specify start point of arc or [CEnter]
-Nhp im th u S
- Nhp to im cui
-Nhp im th u
-Ti dng nhc ny ta nhp CE
Nu chn lnh v Menu th khng c dng nhc
ny.
-Nhp to tm cung trn.
- Ti dng nhc ny ta g ch A
(nu chn t menu th khng c dng nhc ny)
Nhp gi tr gc tm
Nhp im th u
Ti dng nhc ny ta nhp CE ( Nu
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chn EN lnh t Menu th khng c dng nhc ny)
Nhp im cui ca cung trn.
Ti dng nhc ny ta g ch R (nu chn t menu
th khng c dng nhc ny)
Nhp bn knh ca cung
Command : PL
- Specify start point :
- Current line-width is 0.0000
- Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth
/Length /Undo/Width]:
- ..............
- Cc tham s chnh
+ Close
+ Halfwidth
* Starting halfwidth<>:
* Ending halfwidth<>:
+ Width
* Starting Width<>:
* Ending Width<>:
+ Length
- Nhp im u ca ng thng
- Th hin chiu rng hin hnh
- Nhp im th 2 hoc chn cc tham s khc
ca lnh Pline
- ............ ( tim tc nhp im tip theo...)
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* Length of line:
+ Undo
+ Arc
xc vi cung trn .
* Nhp chiu di phn on sp v.
+ Hu b nt v trc .
+ V cung trn ni tip vi ng thng.
Nhp lnh
polygon hoc Pol
Tool bar
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* Specify first corner........
* Specify other corner point.......
+ Fillet (Sau khi vo lnh g ch F )
* Specify fillet radius for rectangles..
* Specify first corner........
* Specify other corner point.......
+ Width (Sau khi vo lnh g ch W )
* Specify line width for rectangles<>:
* Specify first corner........
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- Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/ center]:
- Specify axis endpoint of elliptical arc or [center]
- Ti dng nhc ny ta g A
- Nhp to hoc chn im u ca trc
th nht
- Nhp to hoc chn im u ca trc
th nht
- Nhp khong cch na trc th hai
- Chn im u ca cung hoc nhp gi tr
gc y l gc gia trc ta va nh vi
ng thng t tm n im u ca cung
-Chn cui ca cung hoc nhp gi tr
gc y l gc gia trc ta va nh vi
ng thng t tm n im cui ca cung
Chn im u ca Spline
Chn im k tip
Chn to im k tip
Chn to im k tip hoc nhn phm ENTER kt
thc
Chn hng tip tuyn ti im u hoc ENTER
chn mc nh
Chn hng tip tuyn ti im u hoc ENTER
chn mc nh
. Tham s CLOSE
- ng kn ng SPLINE ( ni im u
vi im cui)
.Tham s Fit to lerance
- To ng cong Spline min hn. Khi gi tr
- Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance] <start ny = 0 th ng SLPINE i qua tt c cc
tangent>: f
im ta chn. Khi gi tr ny khc khng th
ng cong ko ra xa cc im ny to
ng cong min hn
- Specify fit tolerance <0.0000>: 5
- ENTER hoc nhp gi tr dng
9. Lnh Mline v ng // v MlStyle v Mledit
Lnh Mline dng v mt bng cc cng trnh kin trc, xy dng, v bn . to kiu
ng Mline ta s dng lnh Mlstyle, hiu chnh ng mline ta s dng lnh Mledit.
a. To kiu ng mline bng lnh Mlstyle
b. Trc khi thc hin lnh Mline chng ta phi to kiu ng Mline, xc nh cc thnh phn
Mline v khong cch gia cc thnh phn, dng ng v mu cho thnh phn.
c. Mlstyle => Enter
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Draw/Multiline/
Nhp lnh
Mline hoc ML
Tool bar
Thao tc
Nu ti dng nhc ny ta nhp J nh v tr ca
ng Mline bng ng tm hay ng trn hoc
ng di.
Chn cc tham s cn nh v tr
Nu ti dng nhc ny ta nhp S
nh t l cho kong cch gia cc thnh phn
Nu ti dng nhc ny ta nhp S
nhp tn khiu Mline c sn
Nhp lnh
Mledit
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Nhp lnh
Poit hoc PO
Comand : Po
Command
Tool bar
Thao tc
Specity a point :
Ch nh v tr im
11. Lnh hiu chnh kiu im
Ribbon
Nhp lnh
Format/point Style
Ddpttpe
Sau khi nhp lnh s xut hin hp thoi Point Style. Ta thng s dng phng thc truy bt im
NODE
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12. Lnh chia i tng thnh nhiu on bng nhau Divide (DIV)
Ribbon
Nhp lnh
Draw/point/Divide
Divide Hoc DIV
Dng chia i tng ( Line, Arc, Circle, Pline, Spline) thnh cc on c chiu di bng
nhau. Ti cc im chia ca i tng s xut hin mt im. i tng c chia vn gi nguyn
tnh cht l mt i tng. nh kiu ca cc im chia ny ta dng lnh PointStyle hc trn.
truy bt cc im ny ta dng phng php truy bt NODe
Command : DIV => Enter
Thao tc
Chn i tng cn chia
Nhp s on cn chia hoc nhp B ( Nu chn B
xut hin dng nhc sau) chn mt khi (Block)
vo cc im chia.
Nhp tn khi cn chn
Enter name of block to insert:
Mun quay khi khi chn khng
Align block with object? [Yes/No] <Y>:
Nhp s on cn chia
Enter the number of segments:
13. Lnh chia i tng ra cc on c chiu di bng nhau Measure (ME)
Tng t Divide lnh Measure dng chia i tng ( Line, Arc, Circle, Pline, Spline)
thnh cc on c chiu di cho trc bng nhau. Ti cc im chia ca i tng s xut hin mt
im. i tng c chia vn gi nguyn cc tnh cht i tng ban u
Ribbon
Nhp lnh
Draw/point/Measure
Measure Hoc ME
Command : ME => Enter
Command
Thao tc
Select object to Measure:
Chn i tng cn chia
Command
Select object to divide:
Enter the number of segments or [Block]:
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Specify length of segment or [Block]:
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Specify through point:
Thao tc
chn im u tin (im xut pht)
chn im th hai (im nh hng cho na ng
thng)
chn im khc (im nh hng cho na ng
thng mi i qua im (1)
Enter kt thc lnh
Nhp lnh
Donut hoc DO
Tool bar
Thao tc
Gi tr ng knh trong
Specify inside diameter of donut <current>:
Gi tr ng knh ngoi
Specify outside diameter of donut <current>:
To tm
Specify center of doughnut:
Hnh vnh khuyn s c t mu bn trong nu gi tr ca lnh Fill l ON v ngc li khi Fill
l OFF.
17.Lnh v cc on thng c dy TRACE
Command line: Trace => Enter
Command
Thao tc
Nhp khong cch, hoc vo gi tr, hoc Enter
Specify trace width <0.2000>:
Tr im (1)
Specify start point:
Tr im (2)
Specify next point:
Specify next point:
Tr im (3) hoc kt thc lnh
on thng c t khi lnh Fill c gi tr ON
18.Lnh v min c t c SOLID
Mi 2D Solid c m t bi 3 hoc 4 cnh. Vi cc hnh 3 cnh th cch nhp tng i n
gin ch vic bm chn 3 im lin tip khng thng hng ta s c mt ming tam gic t c. Ring vi
hnh Solid 4 cnh khi khai bo im phi ch th t im nhp vo. Nu im (1) - (2) l m t cnh th
nht th (3) - (4) l m t cnh i din nhng phi c cng hng vi (1) - (2)
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Thao tc
Bm chn im (1)
SOLID Specify first point:
Bm chn im (2)
Specify second point:
Bm chn im (3)
Specify third point:
Specify fourth point or <exit>:
Bm chn im (4) hoc kt thc
19. Lnh to mt min t cc hnh ghp (REGION)
Lnh ny dng chuyn i mt i tng (dng hnh kn) hoc mt nhm i tng thnh mt
i tng duy nht - gi l mt min (Region). Mi min c th c to ra t mt s i tng
n gin. Tuy nhin nu to mt Region t cc cc ng (Line, Arc...) th cc i tng ny phi
to thnh mt vng kn.
Ribbon
Nhp lnh
Tool bar
Draw/Region/
Region hoc REG
Sau lnh Region c bn hnh dng th hin ca cc i tng trn bn v l khng thay i,
tuy nhin tnh cht i tng ho thay i. V d mt hnh t gic ng kn c to bi lnh
Line s gm 04 i tng Line, sau khi c Region s tr thnh 01 i tng duy nht. Mt vng
trn v bng lnh Circle nu cha Region th c th d dng thay i bn knh thng qua cc tay cm,
nu Region th s tr thnh 01 min trn.
Command line: Region => Enter
Sau AutoCAD s yu cu chn i tng cn Region (Select objects:). Khi chn xong
bm Hy bm kt thc lnh.
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3. Lnh hu b lnh va thc hin Undo (U)
Menu Bar
Edit/Undo/
Nhp lnh
Undo hoc U hoc Ctrl+Z
Tool bar
Tool bar
Nhp lnh
Redraw hoc R
Lnh Redraw lm mi cc i tng trong khung nhn hin hnh. Lnh ny dng xo cc
du "+" ( gi l cc BLIPMODE) trn Viewport hin hnh
Command : R Vo lnh sau ENTER
Lnh Redrawall lm mi li cc i tng trong tt c khung nhn bn v hin hnh
Command : Redrawall Vo lnh sau ENTER
6. Lnh ti to i tng trn mn hinh Regen (RE)
Lnh Regen s dng tnh ton v ti ti li ton b cc i tng trn khung nhn hinh hnh. Tng
t l Regenall tnh ton v ti ti li ton b cc i tng trn c bn v
Menu Bar
Nhp lnh
View/Regen
Regen hoc Regenall
Nhp lnh
Offset hoc O
Tool bar
Thao tc
Nhp khong cch gia hai i tng //
Chn i tng cn to //
Tip tc chn i tng cn to // hoc nhn phm
ENTER kt thc lnh
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Command : O
Nhp lnh
Trim hoc Tr
Tool bar
Thao tc
Chn ng chn
Enter
chn i tng cn xn => Enter
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4. Lnh xn mt phn i tng gia hai im chn Break (BR)
Lnh Break cho php ta xn mt phn ca i tng Arc, Line, Circle, ....on c xn
gii hn bi hai im ma ta chn. Nu ta xn mt phn ca ng trn th on c xn nm ngc
chiu kim ng h v bt u t im chn th nht.
Ribbon
Nhp lnh
Tool bar
Modify/Break/
Break hoc Br
C 4 phng php khi thc hin lnh Break
a. Chn hai im.
Command
Break select object:
Thao tc
Ta chn F
Chn im u tin on cn xn
Chn im cui on cn xn
c. Chn mt im.
Lnh Break trong trng hp ny dng tch 1 i tng thnh hai i tng c lp.
im tch l im m ta chn i tng thc
hin lnh Break
Command : BR => Enter
Command
Thao tc
Break select object:
Break Specify second break poit or [First poit]:
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Break Specify second break poit or [First poit]:
Break Specify first break point:
Nhp lnh
Lengthen hoc LEN
Tool bar
Thao tc
Nhp lnh
Chamfer hoc CHA
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Command
Thao tc
Nhp lnh
Fillet hoc F
Tool bar
Thao tc
Chn cc tham s t ch vut gc
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Chn tham s R (Radius)
Specify fillet radius <0.0000>:
Select first object or [Polyline /Radius /Trim/
mUltiple]:
Select second object:
Chn tham s P (Polyline)
Chn tham s T (Trim)
Enter Trim mode option >:[Trim/No trim]<No
trim
Select first object or [Polyline: /Radius /Trim
/mUltiple]:
Select second object:
Chn tham s U (mUltiple):
Nhp lnh
Pedit
Tool bar
Thao tc
-La chn Multiple cho php ta chn nhiu i
tng trn dng nhc "Select polyline:"
-Nu i tng l on thng hoc cung trn khng
phi l a tuyn th dng nhc sau xut hin
(i tng ta chn khng phi l a tuyn
(Bn c mun chuyn i tng chn
thnh a tuyn khng?Nhn ENTER chuyn
thnh a tuyn)
Sau xut hin dng nhc hiu chnh a tuyn
Nu i tng chn l a tuyn th s xut hin
dng nhc hiu chnh ton b a tuyn.
(Chn la chn hoc ENTER kt thc lnh) hoc
chn cc tham s cn dng
ng a tuyn ang m (hoc m a tuyn ng)
Nhp C ng (nhp O m)
Nhp tham s J : Ni cc on thng,
cung trn hoc a tuyn khc vi a tuyn
c chn thnh 1 a tuyn chung (ch ni c
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trong trng hp cc nh ca chng trng
nhau) i tng a tuyn chung c cc tnh
cht ca a tuyn c chn.
Select objects
Select objects
Chn cc i tng cn ni
Tip tc chn hoc nhn ENTER kt thc vic
la chn
Thng bo i tng c ni vi
nhau
nh chiu rng mi cho a tuyn, khi nhp W s
xut hin dng nhc
Nhp chiu rng mi cho c a tuyn
Chuyn a tuyn thnh mt ng cong l tp
hp cc cung trn, cc cung trn ny tip xc
nhau v i qua cc nh ca a tuyn
Chuyn a tuyn thnh 1 ng cong
i qua im u ca a tuyn (nu ng cong h).
ng cong ny khc vi cc ng cong
to bi la chn Fit v khc ng spline to bi
lnh Spline.
Khi bin SPLINETYPE = 5 th ng cong c
dng B-spline bc hai v tip xc im gia ca
cc phn on, khi bin SPLINETYPE = 6 th
ng cong c dng B-spline bc ba.
- lm xut hin cc ng khung bao ca a
tuyn ta nh bin SPLFRAME l ON. Ta c th
gn gi tr bin SPLINETYPE bng cch chn
la chn Polyvars trn screen menu ca lnh
Pedit.
-Khi s xut hin hp thoi Set Spline
Fit Variables Bin SPLINESEGS qui nh s
cc phn on ca mi on spline.
* Width
Fit
Spline
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Draw/Xline/
Xline
Lnh ny thng c s dng v cc ng ging, cc ng nm ngang hoc thng ng. Trong php
v mt chiu cng c th s dng lnh ny tm im v, nu kt hp thm vi cc lnh Trim, Scale... c th
to thnh cc cnh ca hnh chiu
Command line: Xline => Enter
Command
Thao tc
Specify a point or [Hor/Ver/Ang/Bisect/Offset]: chn mt im bt u v (hoc chn H,V,A,B,O)
chn im th hai ca ng thng
Specify through point:
chn im khc nu mun v chm ng thng
Specify through point:
i qua im 1
Cc la chn ca lnh XLine
Hor :
O => Enter
nhp khong cch hoc t => Enter
chn i tng gc
chn mt im xc nh v tr ng thng s pht
sinh
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Command: Ray => Enter
Command
Specify start point:
Specify through point:
Specify through point:
Thao tc
chn im u tin (im xut pht)
chn im th hai (im nh hng cho na ng
thng)
chn im khc (im nh hng cho na ng
thng mi i qua im (1)
Enter kt thc lnh
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Command
Thao tc
Chn
ri bm vo mt im bn trong vng ng kn (hnh). Kt thc lnh
ny mt i tng Pline c to thnh, s dng lnh MOVE ri di PLine ra bn cnh ta
c th hin nh hnh sau.
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Nhp lnh
Move hoc M
Tool bar
Chn cc i tng cn di
Tip tc chn cc i tng hoc ENTER
kt thc vic la chn
Chn im chun hay nhp khong di: c
th dng phm chn ca chut, dng cc phng
thc truy bt im, to tuyt i, tng i, cc
tng i...
im m cc i tng di n, c th s dng
phm chn ca chut, dng cc phng thc
truy bt im, to tuyt i, tung i, to
cc tng i, direct distance,polar tracking..
Ch
(1) im Base point v Second point of displacement c th chn bt k.
(2) Nu mun di i tng cn v tr chnh xc th ti Base point v Second point of displacement ta
dng cc phng thc truy bt im.
(3) im Base point ta chn bt k hoc truy bt im v Second point of displacement dng to
tng i, cc tng i, direct distance hoc polar tracking.
(4) Ti dng nhc "Base point or displacement" ta c th nhp khong di theo phng X v Y, khi
ti dng nhc tip theo ta nhn phm ENTER.
2. Lnh sao chp i tng Copy (Co)
Ribbon
Nhp lnh
Tool bar
Modify/Copy
Copy hoc Co
Command : Copy => Enter
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Command
Thao tc
Select objects:
Select objects
Specify base point or displacement,
or[Multiple]:
Specify second point of displacement or <use
first point as displacement>
Multiple
Select objects:
Select objects
<Base point or displacement>/Multiple:
Base point
Specify second point of displacement or <use
first point as displacement>
Specify second point of displacement or <use
first point as displacement>
Ch
(1) C th chn Base point v Second point l cc im bt k.
(2) Chn cc im Base point v Second point bng cch dng cc phng thc truy bt im.
(3) Ti dng nhc " Specify second point of displacement or <use first point as displacement>" ta c
th nhp to tng i, cc tng i, c th s dng Direct distance v Polar tracking.
(4) Ti dng nhc "Base point or displacement" ta c th nhp khong di.
3. Lnh quay i tng xung quanh mt im Rotate (RO)
Lnh Rotate thc hin php quay cc i tng c chn chung quanh 1 im chun (base point) gi l
tm quay. y l 1 trong nhng lnh chnh hnh quan trng.
Ribbon
Modify/Rotate
Nhp lnh
Rotate hoc Ro
Tool bar
Thao tc
Select objects:
Select objects
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la chn.
Select base point
Chn tm quay
Gc tham chiu
Gi tr gc mi
Thao tc
Select objects
Select objects
Reference
Nhp lnh
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Modify/Mirror
Mirror hoc Mi
Thao tc
Select objects
Select objects
Specify first point of mirror line
Specify second point of mirror line
Delete source objects? [Yes/No] <N>
Select objects
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(1) Cc on thng giao vi khung ca s chn c ko gan ra hoc co li, na ng trn
c di i.
(2) Cung trn c ko gin v on thng ngang b ko co li. (3) on ng c di, hai on nm
ngang c ko gin.
7. Lnh sao chp dy Array (AR)
Lnh Array dng sao chp cc i tng c chn thnh dy theo hng v ct
(Rectangular array, sao chp tnh tin (copy) hay sp xp chung quanh tm (Polar array, sao chp
(copy) v quay (rotate). Cc dy ny c sp xp cch u nhau. Khi thc hin lnh s xut hin hp
thoi Array
Ribbon
Nhp lnh
Tool bar
Modify/Array
Array hoc Ar
Nu ta nhp lnh -Array th cc dng nhc s xut hin nh cc phin bn trc . Dng
sao chp cc i tng c chn thnh dy c s hng (rows) v s ct (columns) nht nh hoc
to cc dy sp xp chung quanh mt tm ca ng trn . Nu ta s dng lnh -Array s xut hin
cc dng nhc:
Command
Thao tc
Select objects
Select objects
Ch : Chng ta c th nhp vo g tr m.
Enter the type of array [Rectangular/Polar]
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Nhp lnh
Layer hoc La
Tool bar
Khi thc hin lnh Layer s xut hin hp thoi Layer Properties Manager
Khi ta to bn v mi th trn bn v ny ch c mt lp l lp 0. Cc tnh cht c gn
cho lp 0 l : Mu White (trng), dng ng Continuous (lin tc), chiu rng nt v l
0,025mm (bn v h mt) v kiu in l Normal. Lp 0 ta khng th no xo hoc i tn
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Gn lp hin hnh:
Ta chn lp v nhn nt Current. Lc ny bn phi dng Current Layer ca hp thoi Layer
Properties Manager s xut hin tn lp hin hnh m ta va chn. Nu mt lp l hin hnh th cc i
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tng mi c to trn lp ny s c cc tnh cht ca lp ny
-Thay i trng thi ca lp:
Tt m (ON/OFF) ta nhn vo biu tng trng thi ON/OFF. Khi mt lp c tt th cc
i tng s khng hin trn mn hnh. Cc i tng ca lp c tt vn c th c chn nu
nh ti dng nhc "Select objects" ca cc lnh hiu chnh ta dng la chn All chn i
tng.
ng bng v lm tan bng (FREEZE/THAW) :
Ta nhn vo biu tng trng thi FREEZE/THAW. Cc i tng ca lp ng
bng khng xut hin trn mn hnh v ta khng th hiu chnh cc i tng ny ( Khng th
chn cc i tng trn lp b ng bng k c la chn All). Trong qu trnh ti hin
bn v bng lnh Regen, Zoom....cc i tng ca lp ng bng khng tnh n v gip cho
qu trnh ti hin c nhanh hn. Lp hin hnh khng th ng bng.
Kho lp (LOCK/UNLOCK):
Ta nhn vo biu tng trng thi LOCK/UNLOCK i tng ca lp b kho s khng hiu
chnh c ( khng th chn ti dng nhc "Select objects" ) tuy nhin ta vn thy trn mn hnh v
c th in chng ra c.
-Xo lp (DELETE)
Ta c th d dng xo lp a to ra bng cch chn lp v nhn vo nt Delete. Tuy
nhin trong mt s trng hp lp c chn khng xo c m s c thng bo khng
xo c nh lp
0 hoc cc lp bn v tham kho ngoi v lp cha cc i tng bn v hin
hnh.
- Ngoi ra ta c th thc hin cc lnh lin quan n tnh cht v trng thi ca lp bng thanh
cng c Objects Properties c mc nh trong vng ho
2. Nhp cc dng ng vo trong bn v Linetype hoc Format \ Linetype
Dng ng, mu v chiu rng nt v c th gn cho lp hoc cho cc i tng. Thng thng khi bt
u bn v trn hp thoi ch c mt dng ng duy nht l Continuous. nhp dng ng ta s
dng lnh Linetype hoc vo menu Format\ LineType... xut hin hp thoi Linetype Manager v
chn nt Load nh trong khi to lp ta gn dng ng cho mt lp no
Nhp lnh
Tool bar
Linetype hoc Lt
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Thao tc
Nhp mt gi tr dng bt k
Thao tc
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-Trn hp thoi Linetype Manager gi tr bin CELTSCALE c nh ti bi son tho
Current Objects Scale (khi chn nt Details>)
Thao tc
Ta chn T m hp thoi Hatch nh hnh
di y
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Trang Gradient
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One Color:
Xc nh vng t s dng s bin i trong gia bng v mu nn sng ca mt mu. Khi
One Color c chn, AutoCAD hin th mu mu vi nt Browse v thanh trt Shade and Tint
(bin GFCLRSTATE)
Two Color:
Xc nh vng t s dng s bin i trn gia bng v mu nn sng ca hai mu. Khi
Two Color c chn, AutoCAD hin th mu mu vi nt Browse cho mu 1 v mu 2 (bin
GFCLRSTATE)
Centered :
Xc nh cu hnh gradient i xng. Nu thnh phn ny khng c chn, vng ph
gradient thay i v pha tri, to ngun sng o pha tri ca i tng (bin GFSHIFT)
Angle:
Xc nh gc ca vng t gradient. Gc xc nh quan h vi UCS hin hnh. La chn ny ph
thuc vo gc ca mu mt ct (bin GFANG)
3. Lnh hiu chnh mt ct HatchEdit
Cho php ta hiu chnh mt ct lin kt. Ta c th nhp lnh hoc nhp p chut ti i tng
cn thay i sau s xut hin hp thoi Hatch Edit cho ta hiu chnh.
Tng t nh hp thoi Hacth Gradient ta chn cc thng s cn thay i sau nhn nt
OK hon tt cng vic.
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XI. Nhp v hiu chnh vn bn
1. Trnh t nhp v hiu chnh vn bn
nhp v hiu chnh vn bn ta tin hnh theo ba bc sau
-To cc kiu ch cho bn v bng lnh
Style
- Nhp dng ch bng lnh Text hoc on vn bn bng lnh
Mtext
-Hiu chnh ni dung bng lnh Ddedit ( hoch nhp p
chut)
- Sau khi to cc kiu ch (text Style) ta tin hnh nhp cc dng ch. Lnh Text dng
Nhp lnh
Style
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Ta c th xem kiu ch va to ti Preview. C th thay i tn v xo kiu ch bng cc nt
Rename v Delete. Sau khi to mt kiu ch ta nhp nt Apply to kiu ch khc hoc mun kt thc
lnh ta nhp nt Close. Kiu ch c th c ng nhiu ni khc nhau.
3. Lnh nhp dng ch vo bn v Text
Ribbon
Annotation/Single Line
Nhp lnh
DText hoc Text
Tool bar
Lnh text cho php ta nhp cc dng ch vo trong bn v. Trong mt lnh Text ta c th
nhp nhiu dng ch nm cc v tr khc nhau v cc dng ch s xut hin trn mn hnh khi ta
nhp t bn phm.
Command: Text => Enter
Command
Thao tc
Current text style: "Viet" Text height:
Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style]
Style name (or ?):
Specify height <10.000>
Specify Rotation Angle of Text<0>
Enter Text:
Thao tc
im gc th nht on vn bn
Specify first corner:
im gc i din on vn bn
Specify opposite corner or.......
Sau xut hin hp thoi Text Formatting. Trn hp thoi ny ta nhp vn bn nh cc phn mm vn
bn khc.
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QTEXT OFF
QTEXT ON
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tm.
Extension line (ng ging):
Thng thng ng ging l cc ng thng vung gc vi ng kch thc. Tuy nhin,
bn c th hiu chnh n thnh xin gc vi ng kch thc. ng ging c ko di qu ng
kch thc 1 on bng 2 n 3 ln chiu rng ng c bn. Hai ng ging ca cng mt kch
thc phi song song nhau.
Dimension text (Ch s kch thc):
Ch s kch thc l ln ca i tng c ghi kch thc. Trong ch s kch thc c
th ghi dung sai (tolerance), nhp tin t (prefix), hu t (suffix) ca kch thc. Chiu cao ch s
kch thc trong cc bn v k thut l cc gi tr tiu chun. Thng thng, ch s kch thc nm
trong, nu khng ch n s nm ngoi. n v kch thc di theo h Mt l mm, trn bn v
khng cn ghi n v o. Nu dng n v di khc nh centimt hoc mt th n v o c ghi ngay sau
ch s kch thc hoc trong phn ch thch bn v.
Arrowheads (Mi tn, gch cho) :
K hiu hai u ca ng kch thc, thng thng l mi tn, du nghing, chem. hay mt
khi (block) bt k do ta to nn. Trong AutoCAD 2007 c sn 20 dng mi tn. Hai mi tn
c v pha trong gii hn ng kch thc. Nu khng ch chng c v pha ngoi. Cho php
thay th hai mi tn i nhau bng mt chm m.
i vi kch thc bn knh v ng knh th kch thc c 4 thnh phn: ng kch thc, mi
tn (gch cho), ch s kch thc v du tm (center mark) hoc ng tm (center line). Khi
ta xem ng trn hoc cung trn l cc ng ging.
2. To cc kiu kch thc DimStyle (D) hoc Ddim hoc Dimension \ Style
S dng lnh ny to kiu kch thc mi, hiu chnh kch thc c sn. Trn cc hp thoi c cc
hnh nh minh ho khi thay i cc bin
Menu bar
Nhp lnh
Tool bar
DimStyle, Ddim hoc D
Sau khi vo lnh xut hin hp thoi sau:
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Style
- Sau khi t tn, la chn cc thng tin cn thit cho kiu ng kch thc ta chn Continue...
b. Trang Lines
Trong trang ny c 4 khung hnh ch nht v tng ng ta s nh cc bin lin quan nh sau:
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ng ging da trn khong cch gia cc ng ging. Khi cho th AutoCad t ch s kch
thc v mi tn nm gia cc ng ging. Nu khng ch th v tr ca ch s kch thc v
mi tn ph thuc vo cc la chn trong mc ny.
+ Either the text or Arrows (Best Fits): V tr ch s kch thc v m tn c sp xp nh sau.
* Khi ch cho mi tn v ch s kch thc th c hai s nm trong hai ng ging
* Khi ch ch cho ch s kch thc th ch s nm trong hai ng ging cn mi tn nm ngoi
ng ging.
* Khi ch ch cho mi tn th mi tn nm gia hai ng ging cn ch s kch thc nm
ngoi ng ging.
* Khi khng ch cho ch s kch thc hoc mi tn th c hai s nm ngoi ng ging.
+ Arrows: V tr ch s kch thc v m tn c sp xp nh sau.
* Khi ch cho mi tn v ch s kch thc th c hai s nm trong hai ng ging
* Khi ch ch cho mi tn th mi tn nm gia hai ng ging cn ch s kch thc nm
ngoi ng ging.
* Khi khng ch cho mi tn th c hai s nm ngoi ng ging.
+ Text: V tr ch s kch thc v m tn c sp xp nh sau.
* Khi ch cho mi tn v ch s kch thc th c hai s nm trong hai ng ging
* Khi ch ch cho ch s kch thc th ch s nm trong hai ng ging cn mi tn nm ngoi
ng ging.
* Khi khng ch cho ch s kch thc th c hai s nm ngoi ng ging.
+ Both text and Arrows: Khi khng chc cho ch s khch thc v mi tn th c hai s
nm ngoi ng ging.
+ Always keep text between Ext Lines: Ch s kch thc lun nm trong hai ng ging.
+ Suppress Arrows if They Don't Fit Inside Extension lines: Khng xut hin m tn nu
khng ch. Vi iu kin l ch s kch thc phi nm trong hai ng ging.
-Text Placement : Gn ch s kch thc khi di chuyn chng khi v tr mc nh
+ Beside the Dimension line: Sp xp ch s bn cnh ng kch thc
+ Over the Dimension Line, with a leader: C mt ng dn ni gia ch s kch thc v
ng kch thc.
+ Over the Dimension Line, Wihtout a leader: Khng c ng dn ni gia ch s kch
thc v ng kch thc..
-Scale for Dimension Features : Gn t l kch thc cho ton b bn v hoc t l trong khng
gian v
+ Use Overall Scale of: Gn t l cho ton b cc bin ca kiu kch thc. T l ny khng
thay i gi tr s ca ch s kch thc.
+ Scale Dimension to Layout (Paper Space) : Xc nh h s t l da trn t l gia khung
nh hin hnh trong khng gian v v khng gian giy.
-Fine Tuning Option : Gn cc la chn FIT b xung
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A
5. A - ARC V cung trn
7. AA - AREA Tnh din tch v chu vi 1
8. AL - ALIGN Di chuyn, xoay, scale
10. AR - ARRAY Sao chp i tng thnh dy trong 2D
11. ATT - ATTDEF nh ngha thuc tnh
13. ATE - ATTEDIT Hiu chnh thuc tnh ca Block
B
14. B - BLOCK To Block
15. BO - BOUNDARY To a tuyn kn
16. BR - BREAK Xn 1 phn on thng gia 2 im chn
C
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17.
18.
20.
22.
C - CIRCLE V ng trn
CH - PROPERTIES Hiu chnh tnh cht ca i tng
CHA - ChaMFER Vt mp cc cnh
CO, CP - COPY Sao chp i tng
D
23.
24.
25.
26.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
38.
40.
E
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
48.
E - ERASE Xo i tng
ED - DDEDIT Hiu chnh kch thc
EL - ELLIPSE V elip
EX - EXTEND Ko di i tng
EXIT - QUIT Thot khi chng trnh
EXT - EXTRUDE To khi t hnh 2D
F
49. F - FILLET To gc ln/ Bo trn gc
50. FI - FILTER Chn lc i tng theo thuc tnh
H
54.
55.
56.
57.
H - BHATCH V mt ct
H - HATCH V mt ct
HE - HATCHEDIT Hiu chnh mat cat
HI - HIDE To li m hnh 3D vi cc ng b khut
I
58. I - INSERT Chn khi
59. I -INSERT Chnh sa khi c chn
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66. IN - INTERSECT To ra phn giao ca 2 i tng
L
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
75.
76.
77.
78.
L- LINE V ng thng
LA - LAYER To lp v cc thuc tnh
LA - LAYER Hiu chnh thuc tnh ca layer
LE - LEADER To ng dn ch thch
LEN - LENGTHEN Ko di/ thu ngn i tng vi chiu di cho trc
LW - LWEIGHT Khai bo hay thay i chiu dy nt v
LO LAYOUT Tao layout
LT - LINETYPE Hin th hp thoi to v xc lp cc kiu ng
LTS - LTSCALE Xc lp t l ng nt
M
79. M - MOVE Di chuyn i tng c chn
80. MA - MATCHPROP Sao chp cc thuc tnh t 1 i tng ny sang 1 hay
nhiu i t-ng khc
82. MI - MIRROR Ly i xng quanh 1 trc
83. ML - MLINE To ra cc ng song song
84. MO - PROPERTIES Hiu chnh cc thuc tnh
85. MS - MSPACE Chuyn t khng gian giy sang khng gian m hnh
86. MT - MTEXT To ra 1 on vn bn
87. MV - MVIEW To ra ca s ng
O
88. O - OFFSET Sao chp song song
P
91. P - PAN Di chuyn c bn v
92. P - PAN Di chuyn c bn v t im 1 sang im th 2
94. PE - PEDIT Chnh sa cc a tuyn
95. PL - PLINE V a tuyn
96. PO - POINT V im
97. POL - POLYGON V a gic u khp kn
101. PS - PSPACE Chuyn t khng gian m hnh sang khng gian giy
R
103.
107.
108.
110.
112.
R - REDRAW Lm ti li mn hnh
REC - RECTANGLE V hnh ch nht
REG- REGION To min
REV - REVOLVE To khi 3D trn xoay
RO - ROTATE Xoay cc i tng c chn xung quanh 1 im
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114. RR - RENDER Hin th vt liu, cy cnh, n,i tng
S
115.
116.
120.
121.
123.
125.
126.
127.
T - MTEXT To ra 1 on vn bn
TH - THICKNESS To dy cho i tng
TOR - TORUS V Xuyn
TR - TRIM Ct xn i tng
U
139. UN - UNITS nh n v bn v
140. UNI - UNION Php cng khi
V
142. VP - DDVPOINT Xc lp hng xem 3 chiu
W
145. WE - WEDGE V hnh nm/chm
X
146. X- EXPLODE Phn r i tng
151. XR - XREF Tham chiu ngoi vo cc File bn v
Z
152. Z - ZOOM Phng to-Thu nh
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