Hidrocacbon qua cc nm thi i hc

Nm 2007 Khi A
Cu 1: Cho 4,48 lt hn hp X ( ktc) gm 2 hirocacbon mch h li t t qua bnh cha 1,4 lt dung dch Br2
0,5M. Sau khi phn ng hon ton, s mol Br2 gim i mt na v khi lng bnhtng thm 6,7 gam. Cng thc
phn t ca 2 hirocacbon l (cho H = 1, C = 12)
A. C2H2 v C4H6.
B. C2H2 v C4H8.
C. C3H4 v C4H8.
D. C2H2 v C3H8.
Cu 2: Ba hirocacbon X, Y, Z k tip nhau trong dy ng ng, trong khi lng phn t Z gp i khi
lng phn t X. t chy 0,1 mol cht Y, sn phm kh hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d), thu c
s gam kt ta l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Ca = 40)
A. 20.
B. 40.
C. 30.
D. 10.
Cu 3: Mt hirocacbon X cng hp vi axit HCl theo t l mol 1:1 to sn phm c thnh phn khi lng clo l
45,223%. Cng thc phn t ca X l (cho H = 1, C = 12, Cl = 35,5)
A. C3H6.
B. C3H4.
C. C2H4.
D. C4H8
Cu 4: Hirat ha 2 anken ch to thnh 2 ancol (ru). Hai anken l
A. 2-metylpropen v but-1-en (hoc buten-1).
B. propen v but-2-en (hoc buten-2).
C. eten v but-2-en (hoc buten-2).
D. eten v but-1-en (hoc buten-1).
Cu 5: Hn hp gm hirocacbon X v oxi c t l s mol tng ng l 1:10. t chy hon ton hn hp trn thu
c hn hp kh Y. Cho Y qua dung dch H2SO4 c, thu c hn hp kh Z c t khi i vi hiro bng 19.
Cng thc phn t ca X l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16)
A. C3H8.
B. C3H6.
C. C4H8.
D. C3H4.
Nm 2007 khi B
Cu 6: C 3 cht lng benzen, anilin, stiren, ng ring bit trong 3 l mt nhn. Thuc th phn bit 3 cht
lng trn l
A. dung dch phenolphtalein.
B. dung dch NaOH.
C. nc brom.
D. giy qu tm
Cu 7: Khi brom ha mt ankan ch thu c mt dn xut monobrom duy nht c t khi hi i vi hiro l 75,5.
Tn ca ankan l (cho H = 1, C = 12, Br = 80)
A. 3,3-imetylhecxan.
B. isopentan.
C. 2,2-imetylpropan.
D. 2,2,3-trimetylpentan.
Nm 2008 khi A
Cu 8: Hn hp X c t khi so vi H2 l 21,2 gm propan, propen v propin. Khi t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X,
tng khi lng ca CO2 v H2O thu c l
A. 20,40 gam.
B. 18,96 gam.
C. 16,80 gam.
D. 18,60 gam.
Cu 9: S ng phn hirocacbon thm ng vi cng thc phn t C8H10 l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 10: un nng hn hp kh gm 0,06 mol C2H2 v 0,04 mol H2 vi xc tc Ni, sau mt thi gian thu c hn
hp kh Y. Dn ton b hn hp Y li t t qua bnh ng dung dch brom (d) th cn li 0,448 lt hn hp kh Z
( ktc) c t khi so vi O2 l 0,5. Khi lng bnh dung dch brom tng l
A. 1,20 gam.
B. 1,04 gam.
C. 1,64 gam.
D. 1,32 gam
Cu 11: Khi crackinh hon ton mt th tch ankan X thu c ba th tch hn hp Y (cc th tch kh o cng
iu kin nhit v p sut); t khi ca Y so vi H2 bng 12. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C5H12.
B. C3H8.
C. C4H10.
D. C6H14.
Cu 12: Cho cc cht sau: CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-CH=CH2, CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH2-CH3, CH3-C(CH3)=CH-CH3,
CH2=CH-CH2-CH=CH2. S cht c ng phn hnh hc l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 4.
Cu 13: Cho iso-pentan tc dng vi Cl2 theo t l s mol 1 : 1, s sn phm monoclo ti a thu c l
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 5.
Nm 2008 Khi B
1

Cu 14: Hirocacbon mch h X trong phn t ch cha lin kt v c hai nguyn t cacbon bc ba trong mt
phn t. t chy hon ton 1 th tch X sinh ra 6 th tch CO2 ( cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Khi cho X tc
dng vi Cl2 (theo t l s mol 1 : 1), s dn xut monoclo ti a sinh ra l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 15: Dn 1,68 lt hn hp kh X gm hai hirocacbon vo bnh ng dung dch brom (d). Sau khi phn ng
xy ra hon ton, c 4 gam brom phn ng v cn li 1,12 lt kh. Nu t chy hon ton 1,68 lt X th sinh ra
2,8 lt kh CO2. Cng thc phn t ca hai hirocacbon l (bit cc th tch kh u o ktc)
A. C2H6 v C3H6.
B. CH4 v C3H6.
C. CH4 v C2H4.
D. CH4 v C3H4.
Cu 16: Ba hirocacbon X, Y, Z l ng ng k tip, khi lng phn t ca Z bng 2 ln khi lng hn t ca
X. Cc cht X, Y, Z thuc dy ng ng
A. ankan.
B. ankin.
C. ankaien.
D. anken.
Cu 17: t chy hon ton 1 lt hn hp kh gm C2H2 v hirocacbon X sinh ra 2 lt kh CO2 v 2 lt hi H2O
(cc th tch kh v hi o cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H4.
B. C2H6.
C. C3H8.
D. CH4.
Nm 2009 Khi A
Cu 18: Hirocacbon X khng lm mt mu dung dch brom nhit thng. Tn gi ca X l
A. xiclohexan.
B. xiclopropan.
C. stiren.
D. etilen.
Cu 19: Hn hp kh X gm anken M v ankin N c cng s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t. Hn hp X c khi
lng 12,4 gam v th tch 6,72 lt ( ktc). S mol, cng thc phn t ca M v N ln lt l
A. 0,1 mol C2H4 v 0,2 mol C2H2.
B. 0,2 mol C2H4 v 0,1 mol C2H2.
C. 0,1 mol C3H6 v 0,2 mol C3H4.
D. 0,2 mol C3H6 v 0,1 mol C3H4
Nm 2009 Khi B
Cu 20: Cho hn hp X gm CH4, C2H4 v C2H2. Ly 8,6 gam X tc dng ht vi dung dch brom (d) th khi
lng brom phn ng l 48 gam. Mt khc, nu cho 13,44 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh X tc dng vi lng d dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 36 gam kt ta. Phn trm th tch ca CH4 c trong X l
A. 20%.
B. 50%.
C. 25%.
D. 40%.
Cu 21: Hn hp kh X gm H2 v mt anken c kh nng cng HBr cho sn phm hu c duy nht. T khi ca X
so vi H2 bng 9,1. un nng X c xc tc Ni, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y khng
lm mt mu nc brom; t khi ca Y so vi H2 bng 13. Cng thc cu to ca anken l
A. CH3-CH=CH-CH3.
B. CH2=CH2.
C. CH2=C(CH3)2.
D. CH2=CH-CH2-CH3.
Cu 22: Dy gm cc cht u c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng hp l:
A. stiren; clobenzen; isopren; but-1-en.
B. 1,1,2,2-tetrafloeten; propilen; stiren; vinyl clorua.
C. 1,2-iclopropan; vinylaxetilen; vinylbenzen; toluen.
D. buta-1,3-ien; cumen; etilen; trans-but-2-en.
Cu 23: Cho hirocacbon X phn ng vi brom (trong dung dch) theo t l mol 1 : 1, thu c cht hu c Y
(cha 74,08% Br v khi lng). Khi X phn ng vi HBr th thu c hai sn phm hu c khc nhau. Tn gi
ca X l
A. but-2-en.
B. xiclopropan.
C. propilen.
D. but-1-en.
Nm 2010 Khi A
Cu 24: un nng hn hp kh X gm 0,02 mol C2H2 v 0,03 mol H2 trong mt bnh kn (xc tc Ni), thu c hn
hp kh Y. Cho Y li t t vo bnh nc brom (d), sau khi kt thc cc phn ng, khi lng bnh tng m gam v
c 280 ml hn hp kh Z (ktc) thot ra. T khi ca Z so vi H2 l 10,08. Gi tr ca m l
A. 0,328.
B. 0,205.
C. 0,620.
D. 0,58
Cu 25: Anken X hp nc to thnh 3-etylpentan-3-ol. Tn ca X l
A. 2-etylpent-2-en.
B. 3-etylpent-2-en.
C. 3-etylpent-3-en.
D. 3-etylpent-1-en
2

Cu 26: t chy hon ton mt lng hirocacbon X. Hp th ton b sn phm chy vo dung dch Ba(OH) 2
(d) to ra 29,55 gam kt ta, dung dch sau phn ng c khi lng gim 19,35 gam so vi dung dch Ba(OH) 2
ban u. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H8.
B. C3H6.
C. C3H4.
D. C2H6.
Nm 2010 Khi B
Cu 27: Hn hp kh X gm mt ankan v mt anken. T khi ca X so vi H 2 bng 11,25. t chy hon ton
4,48 lt X, thu c 6,72 lt CO2 (cc th tch kh o ktc). Cng thc ca ankan v anken ln lt l
A. CH4 v C4H8.
B. C2H6 v C2H4.
C. CH4 v C2H4.
D. CH4 v C3H6.
Nm 2011 Khi A
Cu 28: Hn hp X gm C2H2 v H2 c cng s mol. Ly mt lng hn hp X cho qua cht xc tc nung nng,
thu c hn hp Y gm C2H4, C2H6, C2H2 v H2. Sc Y vo dung dch brom (d) th khi lng bnh brom tng
10,8 gam v thot ra 4,48 lt hn hp kh (ktc) c t khi so vi H 2 l 8. Th tch O2 (ktc) cn t chy hon
ton hn hp Y l
A. 33,6 lt.
B. 22,4 lt.
C. 26,88 lt.
D. 44,8 lt.
Cu 29: Cho 13,8 gam cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C7H8 tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong
NH3, thu c 45,9 gam kt ta. X c bao nhiu ng phn cu to tha mn tnh cht trn?
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cu 30: t chy hon ton hn hp X gm C2H2, C3H4 v C4H4 (s mol mi cht bng nhau) thu c 0,09 mol
CO2. Nu ly cng mt lng hn hp X nh trn tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3, th khi
lng kt ta thu c ln hn 4 gam. Cng thc cu to ca C3H4 v C4H4 trong X ln lt l:
A. CHC-CH3, CH2=CH-CCH.
B. CHC-CH3, CH2=C=C=CH2.
C. CH2=C=CH2, CH2=CH-CCH.
D. CH2=C=CH2, CH2=C=C=CH2.
Cu 31: Cho buta-1,3-ien phn ng cng vi Br2 theo t l mol 1:1. S dn xut ibrom (ng phn cu to v
ng phn hnh hc) thu c l
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 1.
D. 3.
Cu 32: Cho dy chuyn ho sau:
Benzen + ( C 2H4, xt, to ) >
X + ( Br 2 as t l 1:1 ) > Y ( KOH/ C 2H5OH xt, to )
> Z
(trong X, Y, Z l sn phm chnh).
Tn gi ca Y, Z ln lt l
A. 1-brom-1-phenyletan v stiren.
B. 1-brom-2-phenyletan v stiren.
C. 2-brom-1-phenylbenzen v stiren.
D. benzylbromua v toluen.
Nm 2011 - Khi B
Cu 33: Cho phn ng: C6H5-CH=CH2 + KMnO4 C6H5 -COOK + K2CO3 + MnO2 + KOH + H2O.
Tng h s (nguyn, ti gin) tt c cc cht trong phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng trn l
A. 24.
B. 34.
C. 27.
D. 31
Cu 34: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Khi t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon X bt k, nu thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O th X l anken.
(b) Trong thnh phn hp cht hu c nht thit phi c cacbon.
(c) Lin kt ho hc ch yu trong hp cht hu c l lin kt cng ho tr.
(d) Nhng hp cht hu c khc nhau c cng phn t khi l ng phn ca nhau.
(e) Phn ng hu c thng xy ra nhanh v khng theo mt hng nht nh.
(g) Hp cht C9H14BrCl c vng benzen trong phn t.
S pht biu ng l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 35: Hn hp kh X gm etilen, metan, propin v vinylaxetilen c t khi so vi H 2 l 17. t chy hon ton
0,05 mol hn hp X ri hp th ton b sn phm chy vo bnh dung dch Ca(OH) 2 (d) th khi lng bnh tng
thm m gam. Gi tr ca m l
A. 6,6.
B. 5,85.
C. 7,3.
D. 3,39.
3

Cu 36: Cho butan qua xc tc ( nhit cao) thu c hn hp X gm C 4H10, C4H8, C4H6 v H2. T khi ca X
so vi butan l 0,4. Nu cho 0,6 mol X vo dung dch brom (d) th s mol brom ti a phn ng l
A. 0,48 mol.
B. 0,24 mol.
C. 0,36 mol.
D. 0,60 mol.
Cu 37: S ng phn cu to ca C5H10 phn ng c vi dung dch brom l
A. 8.
B. 7.
C. 9.
D. 5.
Nm 2012 Khi A
Cu 38: Hirat ha 5,2 gam axetilen vi xc tc HgSO4 trong mi trng axit, un nng. Cho ton b cc cht hu
c sau phn ng vo mt lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 thu c 44,16 gam kt ta. Hiu sut phn ng
hirat ha axetilen l
A. 80%.
B. 70%.
C. 92%.
D. 60%.
Cu 39: Hiro ha hon ton hirocacbon mch h X thu c isopentan. S cng thc cu to c th c ca X l
A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 7.
D. 4.
Cu 40: t chy hon ton 4,64 gam mt hirocacbon X (cht kh iu kin thng) ri em ton b sn phm
chy hp th ht vo bnh ng dung dch Ba(OH)2. Sau cc phn ng thu c 39,4 gam kt ta v khi lng
phn dung dch gim bt 19,912 gam. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H4
B. CH4.
C. C2H4.
D. C4H10
Cu 41: t chy hon ton 3 lt hn hp X gm 2 anken kt tip nhau trong dy ng ng cn va 10,5 lt O 2
(cc th tch kh o trong cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Hirat ha hon ton X trong iu kin thch hp thu
c hn hp ancol Y, trong khi lng ancol bc hai bng 6/13 ln tng khi lng cc ancol bc mt. Phn
trm khi lng ca ancol bc mt (c s nguyn t cacbon ln hn) trong Y l
A. 46,43%
B. 31,58%.
C. 10,88%.
D. 7,89%
Cu 42: Hn hp X gm H2 v C2H4 c t khi so vi H2 l 7,5. Dn X qua Ni nung nng, thu c hn hp Y c t
khi so vi H2 l 12,5. Hiu sut ca phn ng hiro ha l
A. 70%.
B. 60%.
C. 50%.
D. 80%.
Cu 43: Cho dy cc cht: cumen, stiren, isopren, xiclohexan, axetilen, benzen. S cht trong dy lm mt mu
dung dch brom l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Nm 2012 Khi B
Cu 44: Hn hp X gm 0,15 mol vinylaxetilen v 0,6 mol H2. Nung nng hn hp X (xc tc Ni) mt thi
gian, thu c hn hp Y c t khi so vi H2 bng 10. Dn hn hp Y qua dung dch brom d, sau khi phn ng
xy ra hon ton, khi lng brom tham gia phn ng l
A. 24 gam.
B. 16 gam.
C. 0 gam.
D. 8 gam.
Cu 45: t chy hon ton hn hp X gm hai hirocacbon (t l s mol 1 : 1) c cng thc n gin nht
khc nhau, thu c 2,2 gam CO2 v 0,9 gam H2O. Cc cht trong X l
A. hai ankaien.
B. mt anken v mt ankin.
C. hai anken.
D. mt ankan v mt ankin.
Cu 46: Hirat ha 2-metylbut-2-en (iu kin nhit , xc tc thch hp) thu c sn phm chnh l
A. 3-metylbutan-2-ol.
B. 3-metylbutan-1-ol
C. 2-metylbutan-2-ol.
D. 2-metylbutan-3-ol.
Nm 2013- Khi A M : 374
Cu 3: Trong mt bnh kn cha 0,35 mol C 2H2; 0,65 mol H2 v mt t bt Ni. Nung nng bnh mt thi gian, thu
c hn hp kh X c t khi so vi H2 bng 8. Sc X vo lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 n phn ng
hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y v 24 gam kt ta. Hn hp kh Y phn ng va vi bao nhiu mol Br 2 trong
dung dch?
A. 0,10 mol.
B. 0,20 mol.
C. 0,25 mol.
D. 0,15 mol
Cu 4: iu kin thch hp xy ra cc phn ng sau:
(a) 2C + Ca CaC2
(b) C + 2H2 CH4
(c) C + CO2 2CO
(d) 3C + 4Al Al4C3
Trong cc phn ng trn, tnh kh ca cacbon th hin phn ng
A. (c)
B. (b)
C. (a)
D. (d)
4

Cu 11: Khi c chiu sng, hirocacbon no sau y tham gia phn ng th vi clo theo t l mol 1 : 1, thu c
ba dn xut monoclo l ng phn cu to ca nhau?
A. isopentan.
B. pentan.
C. neopentan.
D. butan.
Cu 17: Tn thay th (theo IUPAC) ca (CH3)3C-CH2-CH(CH3)2 l
A. 2,2,4-trimetylpentan
B. 2,2,4,4-tetrametylbutan
C. 2,4,4,4-tetrametylbutan
D. 2,4,4-trimetylpentan
Cu 47: Hn hp X gm H2, C2H4 v C3H6 c t khi so vi H2 l 9,25. Cho 22,4 lt X (ktc) vo bnh kn c sn
mt t bt Ni. un nng bnh mt thi gian, thu c hn hp kh Y c t khi so vi H 2 bng 10. Tng s mol H2
phn ng l
A. 0,070 mol
B. 0,015 mol
C. 0,075 mol
D. 0,050 mol
Nm 2013- Khi B M : 537
Cu 7: Hn hp X gm hiro, propen, axit acrylic, ancol anlylic (C 3H5OH). t chy hon ton 0,75 mol X, thu
c 30,24 lt kh CO2 (ktc). un nng X vi bt Ni mt thi gian, thu c hn hp Y. T khi hi ca Y so vi
X bng 1,25. Cho 0,1 mol Y phn ng va vi V lt dung dch Br2 0,1M. Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,6.
B. 0,5.
C. 0,3.
D. 0,4.
Cu 12: Cho 3,36 lt kh hirocacbon X (ktc) phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3, thu
c 36 gam kt ta. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C4H4.
B. C2H2.
C. C4H6.
D. C3H4.
Cu 14: Trong cc cht: stiren, axit acrylic, axit axetic, vinylaxetilen v butan, s cht c kh nng tham gia phn
ng cng hiro (xc tc Ni, un nng) l
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Cu 15: Cho s phn ng: C2H2 X CH3COOH.
Trong s trn mi mi tn l mt phn ng, X l cht no sau y?
A. CH3COONa.
B. C2H5OH.
C. HCOOCH3.
D. CH3CHO
Cu 50 : Hirocacbon no sau y khi phn ng vi dung dch brom thu c 1,2-ibrombutan?
A. But-1-en
B. Butan
C. But-1-in
D. Buta-1,3-ien
Cu 57: un si dung dch gm cht X v KOH c trong C2H5OH , thu c etilen. Cng thc ca X l
A. CH3CH2Cl
B. CH3COOH
Nm 2013- C Khi A-B

C. CH3CHCl2

D. CH3COOCH CH2

Cu 10: Hn hp kh X gm C2H6, C3H6 v C4H6. T khi ca X so vi H2 bng 24. t chy hon ton 0,96 gam X trong oxi
d ri cho ton b sn phm chy vo 1 lt dung dch Ba(OH) 2 0,05M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c m
gam kt ta . Gi tr ca m l
A. 9,85.
B. 5,91.
C. 13,79.
D. 7,88.
Cu 27: Trng hp m tn etilen thu c 1 tn polietilen (PE) vi hiu sut phn ng bng 80%. Gi tr ca m l
A. 1,80.
B. 2,00.
C. 0,80.
D. 1,25.
Cu 33: S ng phn cu to, mch h ng vi cng thc phn t C4H6 l
A. 2.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 50: Cho 27,2 gam ankin X tc dng vi 15,68 lt kh H2 (ktc) c xc tc thch hp, thu c hn hp Y (khng cha
H2). Bit Y phn ng ti a vi dung dch cha 16 gam Br2. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C4H6.
B. C3H4.
C. C2H2.
D. C5H8.
Cu 55: Cht no di y khi phn ng vi HCl thu c sn phm chnh l 2-clobutan?
A. But-1-en.
B. Buta-1,3-ien.
C. But-2-in.
D. But-1-in.
Cu 59: Cho cc cht: but-1-en, but-1-in, buta-1,3-ien, vinylaxetilen, isobutilen, anlen. C bao nhiu cht trong s cc cht
trn khi phn ng hon ton vi kh H2 d (xc tc Ni, un nng) to ra butan?
A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 3.