Chuyn :

KH OXIT KIM LOI

(Cht kh : Al, CO, H2.)

DNG 1: KH OXIT KIM LOI BNG CHT KH CO, H2

+ nh lut BTKL p dng cho bi ton ny l:
moxit kim loi +mCO =m cht rn sau phn ng +mCO

moxit kim loi +mH2 =m cht rn sau phn ng +mH O

2

Trong :

* S mol H2 lun bng s mol H2O; * S mol CO lun bng s mol CO2

+ Nu ly d CO(H2) kh hon ton oxit th cht rn thu c l kim loi.

+ Nu cho t t lung kh CO (H2) qua ng s cha oxit kim loi th phi xt tng giai on phn
ng, cht rn thu c sau phn ng l hn hp cc sn phm.
VD: Fe2O3 + CO Fe3O4 + CO2
Fe3O4 + CO FeO + CO2
FeO + CO Fe + CO2
Khi cht rn thu c sau phn ng c th l hn hp cc sn phm: Fe, FeO, Fe 3O4, Fe2O3 d
Cu 1: Cho kh CO (d) i vo ng s nung nng ng hn hp X gm Al2O3, MgO, Fe3O4, CuO thu c
cht rn Y. Cho Y vo dung dch NaOH (d), khuy k, thy cn li phn khng tan Z. Gi s cc phn ng
xy ra hon ton. Phn khng tan Z gm
A. Mg, Fe, Cu. B. MgO, Fe, Cu.
C. Mg, Al, Fe, Cu.
D. MgO, Fe3O4, Cu.
Cu 2. kh 4,06 gam mt xit kim loi thnh kim loi phi dng 1,568 lit H2 (ktc).Ho tan hon ton
lng kim loi trn bng ddH 2SO4 long thu c 1,176 lit H2 (ktc) .Kim loi ny l:
A. Zn
B. Fe
C.Pb
D.Cu
Cu 3: Cho lung kh CO (d) i qua 9,1 gam hn hp gm CuO v Al 2O3 nung nng n khi phn ng
hon ton, thu c 8,3 gam cht rn. Khi lng CuO c trong hn hp ban u l
A. 0,8 gam.
B. 8,3 gam.
C. 2,0 gam.
D. 4,0 gam.
Cu 4: Cho V lt hn hp kh ( ktc) gm CO v H2 phn ng vi mt lng d hn hp rn gm CuO v
Fe3O4 nung nng. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, khi lng hn hp rn gim 0,32 gam. Gi tr
ca V l :
A. 0,448.
B. 0,112.
C. 0,224.
D. 0,560.
Cu 5: Kh hon ton mt oxit st X nhit cao cn va V lt kh CO ( ktc), sau phn ng thu
c 0,84 gam Fe v 0,02 mol kh CO2. Cng thc ca X v gi tr V ln lt l
A. FeO v 0,224
B. Fe2O3 v 0,448
C. Fe3O4 v 0,448
D. Fe3O4 v 0,224
Cu 6:Cho CO i qua m gam hh gm Fe,Fe2O3 t0 cao ,sau phn ng thu c 11,2 gam st .Nu cho hh
trn vo CuSO4 d ,phn ng xong ngi ta nhn thy khi lng cht rn thu c tng thm 0,8 gam.Gi
tr ca m l
A. 12,5
B. 13,6
C .24,2
D. 18
Cu 7: Mt hh X gm FeO,Fe2O3 ,Fe3O4 .Ly m1 gam hh X cho vo ng s chu nhit .nung nng ri thi
mt lung kh CO i qua .Kh sau phn ng c dn vo dd Ba(OH)2 d thu c 19,7 gam kt ta
trng .Cht rn cn li trong ng s c khi lng l 19,20 gam gm
FeO,Fe ,Fe3O4 .Xc nh m1:
A.22,0
B.23,6
C.23,2
D.20,8
Cu 8: Kh 4,8 gam mt oxit kim loi nhit cao cn 2,016 lit H2 ( ktc). Kim loi thu c em ho
tan hon ton trong dd HCl, thu c 1,344 lit lit H2 ( ktc).CTPT ca oxit l:
A.FeO
B.CuO
C.Al2O3
D.Fe2O3

Cu 9: Kh hon ton 100gam mt oxit st bng kh CO thu c 72,414 gam Fe .cho bit CTPT ca oxit
st :
A. Fe2O3
B. Fe3O4
C. FexOy
D. FeO
Cu 10: Kh hon ton a gam mt oxit st X bng kh CO nhit cao ri ho tan lng Fe to thnh
trong dd H2SO4 c nng th thu c 9V lit kh SO2. Nu a gam oxit tc dng vi dd H2SO4 c nng
d th thu c V lit kh SO2. CT oxit st l:
A. FeO
B. Fe3O4
C. Fe2O3
D. Fe3O4 hoc FeO
Cu 11: Kh hon ton 24 gam hh CuO, FexOy nhit cao bng kh H2 thu c hh kim loi X v 7,2
gam H2O .Cho X tc dng vi dd H2SO4 long d ,thu c 4,48 lit H2 ( ktc).CTPT ca FexOy:
A.FeO
B.Fe2O2
C. Fe3O4
D.Fe2O3
Cu 12: Kh hon ton hh Fe2O3 ,Fe3O4 ,FeO bng kh CO nhit cao v cho kh sn phm hp th
hon ton vo dd Ca(OH)2 th thu c 17,75gam kt ta .Th tch kh CO (ktc) tham gia phn ng l:
A. 1,12lit
B.2,24 lit
C.3,976 lit
D. 7,952 lit
Cu 13: Cho kh CO i qua m gam Fe2O3 nung nng trong mt thi gian thu c hh cht rn X (FeO,
Fe2O3, Fe3O4, Fe). Ho tan ht X trong dd axit HNO3 c,nng thu c 5,824 lit kh NO2 (ktc) .Gi tr ca m
l:
A. 16
B. 32
C. 48
D.64
Cu 14: Cho 4,48 lt kh CO ( ktc) t t i qua ng s nung nng ng 8 gam mt oxit st n khi phn
ng xy ra hon ton. Kh thu c sau phn ng c t khi so vi hiro bng 20. Cng thc ca oxit st v
phn trm th tch ca kh CO2 trong hn hp kh sau phn ng l
A. Fe2O3; 65%.
B. Fe2O3; 75%.
C. FeO; 75%.
D. Fe3O4; 75%.
Cu 15: Kh hon ton m gam mt oxit st Y bng kh CO nhit cao c 8,4 gam kim loi v kh
CO2. Hp th hon ton kh CO2 bay ra bng 500ml dd Ba(OH)2 0.35 M th thu c kt ta .Lc b kt ta
, cho dd Na2SO4 d vo dd nc lc sau phn ng thu c 5,825 gam kt ta trng .Xc nh CTPT ca
oxit st
A. FeO hoc Fe2O3

B. Fe3O4 hoc Fe2O3

C. Fe2O3

D. Fe3O4 hoc FeO

Cu 16:Cho kh CO i qua m gam Fe2O3 nung nng trong mt thi gian thu c cht rn A (gi s ch to
ra kim loi). Ho tan A trong HNO3 d ,thu c 0,224 lit kh NO (duy nht ) ktc v 18,15 gam mui
khan . Hiu sut kh oxit st l:
A.10,33%
B.12,33%
C.13,33%
D.15,33%
DNG 1: KH OXIT KIM LOI BNG CHT KH Al (Phn ng nhit nhm)
- Phn ng nhit nhm: Al + oxit kim loi
(Hn hp X)
- Thng gp:
+ 2Al + Fe2O3
+ 2yAl + 3FexOy

oxit nhm + kim loi

(Hn hp Y)

Al2O3 + 2Fe
Al2O3 + 3xFe

+ (6x 4y) Al + 3x Fe2O3

6FexOy + (3x 2y) Al2O3
- Nu phn ng xy ra hon ton, ty theo tnh cht ca hn hp Y to thnh bin lun. V
d:
+ Hn hp Y cha 2 kim loi Al d ; oxit kim loi ht
+ Hn hp Y tc dng vi dung dch baz kim (NaOH,) gii phng H 2 c Al d
+ Hn hp Y tc dng vi dung dch axit c kh bay ra th c kh nng hn hp Y cha (Al 2O3 +
Fe) hoc (Al2O3 + Fe + Al d) hoc (Al2O3 + Fe + oxit kim loi d)

- Nu phn ng xy ra khng hon ton, hn hp Y gm Al 2O3, Fe, Al d v Fe2O3 d

- Thng s dng:
+ nh lut bo ton khi lng: mhhX = mhhY
+ nh lut bo ton nguyn t (mol nguyn t): n Al (X) = nAl (Y) ; nFe (X) = nFe (Y) ; nO (X) = nO (Y)
Cu 1: Phn ng ho hc xy ra trong trng hp no di y khng thuc loi phn ng nhit nhm?
A. Al tc dng vi Fe2O3 nung nng.
C. Al tc dng vi CuO nung nng.

B. Al tc dng vi axit H2SO4 c, nng.

D. Al tc dng vi Fe3O4 nung nng.

Cu 2: Nung nng m gam hn hp gm Al v Fe3O4 trong iu kin khng c khng kh. Sau khi
phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp rn X. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (d)
thu c dung dch Y, cht rn Z v 3,36 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Sc kh CO2 (d) vo dung dch Y, thu
c 39 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 45,6 gam
B. 57,0 gam
C. 48,3 gam
D. 36,7
gam
Cu 3: Thc hin phn ng nhit nhm hn hp X gm Al v mt oxit st Fe xOy (trong iu kin
khng c khng kh) thu c 92,35 gam cht rn Y. Ha tan Y trong dung dch NaOH (d) thy
c 8,4 lt kh H2 ( ktc) thot ra v cn li phn khng tan Z. Ha tan 1/2 lng Z bng dung
dch H2SO4 c, nng (d) thy c 13,44 lt kh SO2 ( ktc) thot ra. Bit cc phn ng xy ra
hon ton. Khi lng Al2O3 trong Y v cng thc oxit st ln lt l:
A. 40,8 gam v Fe3O4 B. 45,9 gam v Fe2O3 C. 40,8 gam v Fe2O3
D. 45,9 gam v Fe3O4
Cu 4: Trn 5,4 gam bt Al vi 17,4 gam bt Fe3O4 ri tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm (trong iu
kin khng c khng kh). Gi s ch xy ra phn ng kh Fe 3O4 thnh Fe. Ha tan hon ton
cht rn sau phn ng bng dung dch H2SO4 long (d) thu c 5,376 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Hiu
sut phn ng nhit nhm v s mol H2SO4 phn ng l:
A. 75 % v 0,54 mol
B. 80 % v 0,52 mol C. 75 % v 0,52mol
D. 80 % v 0,54 mol
Cu 5: Nung nng m gam hn hp Al v Fe2O3 (trong iu kin khng c khng kh) n khi phn
ng xy ra hon ton , thu c hn hp rn Y. Chia Y thnh hai phn bng nhau:
Phn 1: tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long (d) sinh ra 3,08 lt kh H2 ( ktc)
Phn 2: tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (d) sinh ra 0,84 lt kh H 2 ( ktc) Gi tr ca m l:
A. 22,75 gam
B. 21,40 gam
C. 29,40 gam
D. 29,43
gam
Cu 6: Khi cho 41,4 gam hn hp X gm Fe2O3, Cr2O3 v Al2O3 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH c(d),
sau phn ng thu c cht rn c khi lng 16 gam. kh hon ton 41,4 gam X bng phn ng nhit
nhm, phi dng 10,8 gam Al. Thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca Cr2O3 trong hn hp X l (Cho:
hiu sut ca cc phn ng l 100%;
A. 66,67%.
B. 50,67%.
C. 36,71%.
D. 20,33%.
Cu 7: Nung nng m gam hn hp gm Al v Fe 3O4 trong iu kin khng c khng kh. Sau khi phn ng
xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp rn X. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (d) thu c dung dch Y,
cht rn Z v 3,36 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Sc kh CO 2 (d) vo dung dch Y, thu c 39 gam kt ta. Gi tr
ca m l
A. 45,6.
B. 48,3.
C. 36,7.
D. 57,0.
Cu 8: Nung nng m gam hn hp Al v Fe 2O3 (trong mi trng khng c khng kh) n khi phn ng
xy ra hon ton , thu c hn hp rn Y. Chia Y ta thnh hai phn bng nhau:

 Phn 1 tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long (d) sinh ra 3,08 lt kh H2 ( ktc).
Phn 2 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (d) , sinh ra 0,84 lt kh H2 ( ktc).
Gi tr ca m l
A. 22,75
B. 21,40
C. 29,40
D. 29,43
Cu 9: iu ch c 78 gam Cr t Cr2O3 (d) bng phng php nhit nhm vi hiu sut ca phn
ng l 90% th khi lng bt nhm cn dng ti thiu l
A. 81,0 gam
B. 40,5 gam
C. 45,0 gam
D. 54 gam

v nh
Bi 1: Cho hh A gm 3 oxit ca st (Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeO) vi s mol bng nhau. Ly m1 gam A Cho vo ng
s chu nhit nung nng ri cho kh CO i qua, CO phn ng ht, ton bb kh CO 2 ra khi ng c hp
th ht vo bnh ng Ba(OH)2 d thu c m2 gam kt ta trng. Cht rn cn li trong ng s c khi
lng l 19,2 gam gm Fe, FeO, v Fe 3O4. Cho hh ny tc dng ht vi dd HNO 3 thu 2,24 lit kh NO duy
nht. Tnh khi lng m1, m2 v s mol HNO3 phn ng. s: 20,88g, 20,685g, 0,91mol.
Bi 2: Cho kh CO i qua ng s cha 15,2 g hh cht rn gm CuO v FeO nung nng. Sau mt thi gian
c hh kh B v 13,6 g hh rn C. Cho hh kh B hp th hon ton vo dd Ca(OH) 2 d thy c kt ta . Sau
khi phn ng kt thc, lc kt ta sy kh. Tnh khi lng kt ta thu c. s:10g.
Bi 3: Ha tan hon ton a gam mt oxit st bng H 2SO4 c, nng thy thot ra kh SO 2 duy nht. Trong
th nghim khc, sau khi kh hon ton a gam oxit bng kh CO nhit cao ri ha tan lng st to
thnh bng H2SO4 dc nng th thu c lng kh SO 2 nhiu gp 9 ln lng kh SO 2 th nghin trn.
Vit ptp v xc nh cng thc ca oxit st. S:Fe3O4.
Bi 4: Kh 3,48 g mt oxit ca kim loi M cn dng 1,344 lit H 2. Ton b lng kim loi thu c cho tc
dng vi dd HCl d cho 1,008 lit H2. Tm M v oxit ca n. s: Fe3O4.
Bi 5: Khi kh 2,32 g mt oxit st A bng lng H 2 d thu c 0,72 g nc. Xc nh cng thc phn t
ca A v hon thnh ptp: A ----> Fe2(SO4)3----->FeSO4.
Bi 6: 1. A l oxit ca kim loi M c ha tr n cha 30% oxi theo khi lng. Xc nh cng thc phn t
ca A.
2. Cho kh CO i qua ng s ng m gam oxit A trn nhit cao, mt thi gian ngi ta thu
c 6,72 g hh gm 4 cht rn khc nhau. em ha tan hon hh rn ny vo dd HNO 3d to thnh 0,448 lit
kh B duy nht c t khi so vi H2 l 15. tm gi tr m. s: Fe2O3; 7,2 g.
Bi 7: Kh hon ton 23,2 g mt oxit st bng lng H 2 d, un nng, sau khi phn ng kt thc, lng hi
nc c hp th hon ton vo bnh CuSO4 khan th thy bnh ny tng thm 7,2 gam.
- Xc nh cng thc oxit st
- Cho 46,4 g oxit st trn tan ht trong mt lng va dd HCl 18,25%, d= 1,09g/ml. Tnh th
tch dd HCl dng. s: Fe3O4; 293,6ml.
Bi 8: Trong bnh kn dung tch 2,112 lit cha CO v mt lng hh bt A gm Fe 3O4 v FeCO3 27,3 oC v
1,4 atm. Nung nng bnh nhit cao phn ng xy ra hon ton . Hn hp kh sau phn ng c t
khi so vi H2 l 554/27. Ha tan hon ton hh A trong dd HNO3 long thu c 1,792/3 hh kh NO v
CO2 ktc. Tnh th tch dd HCl 2M cn ha tan ht hh A. s: 0.095 lit.
Bi 9: Cho 4,72 g hn hp bt gm cc cht: Fe,FeO,Fe 2O3 tc dng vi CO d nhit cao. Phn ng
xong, thu c 3,92 g Fe. Nu ngm cng lng hn hp cc cht nh trntong dung dch CuSO 4 d, phn
ng xong khi lng cht rn thu c l 4,96 g. Xc nh khi lng mi cht trong hn hp ban u.
S: mFe2O3=1,6(g); mFeO=1,44g ; mFe= 1,68g.
Bi 10: kh hon ton 6,4 g mt xit kim loi cn dng 2,688 lt H 2. em ton b lng kim loi thu
c sau phn ng ha tan hon ton vo dung dch axit HCl th thy thot ra 1,792 lt H 2 (cc th tch kh
o ktc).
Xc nh cng thc ca xit ni trn. (S: Fe2O3 ).
Bi 11: Ha tan 11,6g hn hp A gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 trong dun dch HNO3 long d, thu c hn hp kh
B gm NO, N2O c t khi so vi H 2 bng 19. Mt khc, nu nung A trong dng kh CO d th sau khi p
hon ton thu c 5,92g Fe. Tnh th tch kh B ( ktc).