TCXDVN

TIU CHUN XY DNG VIT NAM

TCXDVN : 170: 2007
Sot xt ln 1

KT CU THP
GIA CNG, LP RP V NGHIM THU
YU CU K THUT
Steel structures Fabrication, assembly, check and acceptance Technical requerements

H NI 2007

MC LC
1. Phm vi p dng..................................................................................................
2. Tiu chun vin dn.............................................................................................
3. Nguyn tc chung................................................................................................
4. Gia cng...............................................................................................................
4.1. Yu cu v thp v vt liu hn........................................................................
4.2. o c, nn v un thp...................................................................................
4.3. Ct v gia cng mp.........................................................................................
4.4. T hp...............................................................................................................
4.5. Hn...................................................................................................................
4.6. Gia cng l.......................................................................................................
4.7. Sn....................................................................................................................
5. Vn chuyn, bo qua v chuyn giao kt cu....................................................
5.1. Mc t hp v iu kin cung ng..............................................................
5.2. Ghi nhn mc...................................................................................................
5.3. ng gi...........................................................................................................
5.4. Vn chuyn v bo qun...................................................................................
6. Lp rp kt cu thp............................................................................................
6.1. Ch dn chung...................................................................................................
6.2. Cng tc chun b v cc yu cu v mng......................................................
6.3. Lp t kt cu v t hp cc lin kt lp rp.................................................
6.4. Lin kt bng bu lng c chnh xc thp, trung bnh v cao.......................
6.5. Lin kt bng bu lng cng cao................................................................
6.6. To ng sut trc trong kt cu.....................................................................
6.7. Sn ph kt cu thp.........................................................................................
7. Kim tra v nghim thu kt cu thp...................................................................
7.1. Quy nh nghim thu........................................................................................
7.2. Kim tra vt liu u vo.................................................................................
7.3. Kim tra trong qu trnh sn xut....................................................................
7.4. Kim tra nghim thu.........................................................................................
7.5. Phng php kim tra......................................................................................
7.6. H s nghim thu kt cu thp.........................................................................
Ph lc A (Bt buc) Yu cu i vi cht lng mi hn.....................................
Ph lc B (tham kho) Dung sai gii hn so vi kch thc thit k trong kt cu
khung nh v cng trnh..........................................................................................
Bng P2.1. Dung sai chiu di ca cc kt cu v chi tit hn................................
Bng P2.2. Dung sai theo ng cho....................................................................

LI NI U
TCXDVN: 170: 2007 thay th cho cc TCVN 170: 1989 do Vin Khoa hc
Cng ngh Xy dng bin son, V Khoa hic Cng ngh trnh duyt, B Xy
dng ban hnh theo Quyt nh s:..ngythng..nm

TIU CHUN XY DNG VIT NAM

TCXDVN : 170: 2007

SOT XT LN 1

KT CU GIA CNG, LP RP V NGHIM THU

YU CU K THUT
Steel structures Fabrication, assembly, check and acceptance Technical requerements

1. Phm vi p dng
Tiu chun ny quy nh cc yu cu v gia cng, vn chuyn, lp rp v
nghim thu kt cu thp ca cng trnh cng nghip v dn dng.
Tiu chun ny p dng cho kt cu thp xy dng c ch to t thp
cc bon v thp hp kim thp c gii hn chy t 225N/mm 2 n 435N/mm2, c
gii hn bn t 373N/mm2 590N/mm2 (sau y gi v thp kt cu v k hiu
bng phn s: Gii hn chy/gii hn bn) cho cc cng trnh cng nghip v
dn dng c xy dng trong vng c ng t c nh gi tc nn PGA nh
hn 0,3 0,4g (tng ng vi cp 9 theo thang MSK-64 hoc Zone 4 theo
UBC: 1997) (sau y gi chung l kt cu thp)
Tiu chun ny khng p dng cho kt cu lin kt bng inh tn v kt
cu ng vai tr ca thit b (Kt cu thp ca l cao v thit b sy khng kh,
cc b cha v thit b sinh kh, kt cu ng-ten, kt cu ca l cao, kt cu ca
cc thit b nng chuyn ng v thang my, h thng ng cng ngh), cng nh
cc cng trnh ng st, ng b c cng trnh thy nng
2. Tiu chun vin dn
TCVN 5997:1995 Bn v k thut, bn v xy dng
TCVN 5709:1993 Thp cc bon cn nng dng trong xy dng. Yu cu k thut
TCVN 6522:1999 Thp cc bon kt cu cn nng
TCXDVN 314:2005 Hn kim loi. Thut ng v nh ngha
TCVN 3223:1994 Que hn in dng cho thp cc bon v thp hp kim thp
TCVN 3909:1994 Que hn in dng cho thp cc b v thp hp kim thp.
Phng php th
TCVN 1961: 1975 Mi hn h quang in bng tay

TCVN 5400:1991 Mi hn. Yu cu chung v ly mu th c tnh

TCVN 5401:1991 Mi hn. Phng php th un
TCVN 5402:1991 Mi hn. Phng php th un va p
TCVN 1916:1995 Bulng vt, vt cy v ai c. Yu cu k thut
TCVN 4169:1985 Kim loi. Phng php th mi nhiu chu trnh v t chu
trnh
TCVN 197:2002 Kim loi. Phng php th ko
TCVN 198:1985 Kim loi. Phng php th un
TCVN 313:1985 Kim loi. Phng php th xon
TCVN 312:1984 Kim loi. Phng php th un va p nhit thng
TCXDVN 334:2005

Quy phm sn thit b v kt cu thp trong xy dng dn

dng v cng nghip

TCVN 5403:1991 Mi hn. Phng php th ko
TCXDVN 352:2005 Sn. Phng php khng ph hy xc nh chiu dy mng
sn kh
TCVN 2090:1993 Sn. Phng php ly mu, bao gi, ghi nhn, vn chuyn v
bo qun
TCVN 6203:1995 C s thit k kt cu. Lp k hiu, k hiu chung
TCXDVN 338:2005 Kt cu thp. Tiu chun thit k
Quy chun xy dng Vit Nam-2007
3. Nguyn tc chung
3.1. Kt cu thp phi c gia cng v lp rp theo bn v kt cu v
bn v chi tit kt cu.
3.2. i vi cc kt cu c th, ngoi cc quy nh ca tiu chun ny
cn phi tun theo cc quy nh ring dnh cho cc kt cu .
3.3. Khi gia cng, lp rp nn dng phng php c gii, phng php
t hp khi ln ph hp vi bin php thi cng v s cng ngh.
3.4. Trong qu trnh gia cng, lp rp, nghim thu phi tin hnh kim tra
vic thc hin cc s cng ngh v bin php thi cng. Kt qu
kim tra phi ghi vo nht k cng trnh.

3.5. Vt liu dng cho gia cng v lp rp phi ph hp vi yu cu thit

k.
3.6. Ti liu thit k thi cng cho kt cu phi c lp ng theo cc
yu cu ca cc nh mc v tiu chun k thut. Cng ngh sn
xut phi c th hin trong cc ti liu k thut v c th hin
c th trong trnh t sn xut ca nh ch to.
3.7. Kt cu phi m bo cc yu cu ca thit k v kh nng chu lc
( bn, mi, n nh v bin dng), trong trng hp cn thit
(nu thit k yu cu) phi chu c ti trng kim tra khi cht thi
t nghim.
3.8. Kt cu phi lm vic n nh i vi s tc ng ca nhit hoc
cc tc ng tnh ton khc m chng c th xut hin trong qu
trnh s dng.
3.9. Kt cu di tc dng trc tip ca la khi chy phi gi kh nng
chu lc v (hoc) tnh nguyn vn trong mt khong thi gian nht
nh (do thit k quy nh).
3.10. Kt cu phi c bo v chng n mn (chng c th hin trong
cc ti liu thit k, theo yu cu ca thiu chun xy dng v bo
v chng n mn kt cu xy dng).
3.11. Cc lp bo v chng n mn phi c thc hin trong iu kin
cng xng hoc nh my ch to kt cu thp.
Lp bo v ch c thc hin ti hin trng lp rp trong cc
trng hp:
- Xut hin cc v tr b hng trong qu trnh vn chuyn, bo qun
v lp rp.
- Khi thc hin lp sn hon thin;
- Khi thc hin lp sn ch th
- Khi c s ng ca ngi t hng

3.12. Trong xng hoc nh my ch to kt cu thp khng chng r, sn

v kim loi ti cc v tr lin kt lp rp bng bu lng cng cao
v vng hn lp vi chiu rng 100mm v 2 pha ca mi hn
3.13. Cht lng lm sch b mt do du m ca cu kin phi tun theo
quy nh cp 2 ghi trong tiu chun TCXDVN 334:2005. Mc
lm sch b mt kt cu khi lp r st phi thc hin theo
TCXDVN 334;2005
3.14. Lp sn bo v cc kt cu chu lc theo cc ch tiu hnh dng bn
ngoi phi ph hp theo tiu chun TCXDVN 334:2005
3.15. Dung sai cc thng s hnh hc ca cu kin (chi tit kt cu, sn
phm, n v t hp) phi ph hp vi gi tr c quy nh trong
cc ti liu thit k ca kt cu c th, nhng khng c vt qu
gi tr ghi trong cc bng 1 v bng 2.
Bng 1-Sai lch cho php v kch thc di cc chi tit kt cu
Sai lch
Cc khong kch thc, (m)
1,5 >2,5 >4,5 >9 >15 >21

Cc kch thc v cng

ngh thc hin cc cng
on
1
I. Cc chi tit lp rp
1. Chiu di v chiu rng
chi tit khi:
a) Ct th cng xy theo
ng k
b) Ct na t ng v t
ng bng xy theo khun
mu hoc bng my ct theo
ng k
c) Ct bng my trn b
hoc dy chuyn sn xut
d) Ct bng bo hoc phay
2. Hiu s chiu di cc

<1,5

n >27

2,5
3

4,5
4

9
5

15
6

21
7

27
8

2,5

3,5

4,5

1,5

2,5

3,5

1,5

2,5

3,5

0,5

1,5

2,5

ng cho ca tm thp
hn khi
a) Hn gip mp
b) Hn chng
3. Khong cch gia tim cc

4
6

5
8

6
10

2
1,5

2,5
-

2,5
-

3
-

3,5
-

4
-

1,5

2,5

0,7

10

12

14

15

10

0,5

1,5

2,5

3,5

7
11

10
16

12
19

v c t hp theo ng

10

12

14

15

k vch
2. Khi gia cng n chic

10

l khi
a) Theo vch du
- Cc l bin
- Cc l k nhau
b) Theo trc ng hoc gia
cng trong sn xut dy
chuyn khi:
- Cc l bin
- Cc l k nhau
II. Kch thc cc phn t
kt cu xut xng khi
1. c t hp trn b theo
kch thc
2. c t hp trn b g,
trn cng c g c cht nh
v v trn gi sao chp c
cht nh v
3. Kch thc (di rng)
gia cc b mt phay
4. B rng cc tm y gia
cng bng phng php
cun v c hn khi lp
t
a) Gip mp
b) Ci chng
III. Khong cch gia cc
nhm l
1. Khi gia cng n chic

v t hp theo cc cht nh
v
3. Khi khoan theo dng
khoan

0,5

1,5

2,5

3,5

Ch thch:
1) Kch thc mc 1.1.c, d;1.2a; II.4.a; III phi o bng thc cun c
chnh xc cp 2. Kch thuc mc khc phi o bng thc cun c
chnh xc cp 3.
2) i vi mp trng mc 1.1.a-d, cho php sai lch kch thc +5mm.
Bng 2: Sai lch cho php v hnh dng cc chi tit kt cu
Tn gi cc sai lch
1
I
1
2

II

sai lch cho php v hnh

dng cc chi tit xut xng

3

cong cc chi tit:

Khe h cc tm thp v thc thp di 1m
Khe h gia dy ko cng v cnh thp

1,5mm
0.0011 nhng khng ln hn

gc, cnh hoc thnh thp hnh ch U ch

10mm

H (1 l chiu di chi tit)

Sai lch ng mp cc chi tit thp tm

2mm

so vi l thuyt
1 Khi hn gip ni
2 Khi hn chng, hn gc v hn gc ch T
III Sai lch khi un
Khe h gia mu c c cung di 1,5mm
1

v b dy tm thp, cnh hoc cnh thp

a
b

hnh c un
trng thi ngui
trng thi nng
van (hiu s ng knh) ca ng

trn trong cc kt cu tm ln (D ng

knh ng trn)
a ngoi mi ni gip mi
b ngoi ni gip mi khi lp rp
IV Bin dng ca cc phn t kt cu xut

5mm

2mm
3mm

0.005D
0.003D

xng:
vnh cnh () ca chi tit c tit din
1

ch T hoc ch H ca mi hn gip
mi v cc ch tip gip

4
5
6
7
8
9
10

vnh cnh hnh nm () v tr khc

vnh cnh hnh nm () ca cc chi tit
c tit tit din ch T hoc ch H ca
mi hn gip mi v cc ch tip gip
vnh cnh hnh nm () v tr khc
vnh cnh ca dm cu trc nh mc
IV.1 v IV.3
xon ca cc phn t kt cu (1 l

0,0011 nhng khng ln hn

chiu di phn t kt cu)

cong vnh bng dm khi c sn gia

10mm
0,006h

cng ng (h l chiu cao bng dm)

cong vnh bng dm khi c sn gia

0,003h

cng ng (h l chiu cao bng dm)

cong vnh bng dm khi c sn gia

0,003h

cng ng (h l chiu cao bng dm)

vng ca cc phn t kt cu (1 l

1/750l. nhng khng ln hn

chiu di phn t kt cu)

V Cc sai lch khc
lch trc nh v ct thp trong cc
1
phn t kt cu dng li
2 sai lch gc tang ca b mt phay

12nn
3mm
3mm
1/1500

Ch thch:
1) Cc tr s c du (*) tng ng vi khe h cho php theo TCVN-75 (mi
hn h quang in bng tay. Kiu kch thc c bn) nhng khng ln
hn tr s ghi trong bng 8 ca tiu chun ny.
2) Khe h gia b mt phay v cnh ca thc thp khng c ln hn
0,3mm.

4. Gia cng kt cu thp

4.1.

Yu cu v thp v vt liu hn

4.1.1. Tt c thp phi c kim tra t tiu chun hoc iu kin k

thut. Thp phi c nn thng, xp loi, ghi mc v sp xp theo
tit din.
Trc khi em s dng, thp cn phi lm sch g, sch vt du m
v cc tp cht khc.
4.1.2. Thp phi c xp thnh ng chc chn trong nh c mi che.
Trng hp phi ngoi tr th phi xp nghin cho ro nc.
Xp cc tm tho k lt phi c to gc ln trnh tc ng
nc.
4.1.3. Que hn, dy hn, thuc hn phi xp theo l, theo s liu v phi
ni kh o. Ring thuc hn phi bo qun trong thng kn.
Trc khi s dng, phi kim tra cht lng que hn, dy hn v
thuc hn tng ng vi quy nh trong cc tiu chun hoc iu
kin k thut.
Que hn, dy hn v thuc hn phi sy kh theo ch thch hp
cho tng loi. Lng que hn v thuc hn sy kh ly t sy
ra c dng trong mt ca. Ring C60/45 c dng trong hai gi.
4.2.

o c, nn v un thp

4.2.1. o c thp phi dng thc cun hoc thc l kim loi c
chnh xc cp 2 theo TCVN 4111: 1985 (Dng c o di v gc.
Ghi nhn, bao gi, vn chuyn v bo qun). Cn ch ti lng
d o gia cng c kh v cng trnh ngt khi hn.
4.2.2. Nn v un thp cn trnh to vt xc, vt lm v cc khuyt tt
khc trn b mt.
4.2.3. Nn v un ngui thp phi m bo bn knh cong v vng f
ca cc chi tit theo quy nh ca bng 3.
4.2.4. Nn v un cc chi tit lm bng cc thp loi sau y ch c tin
hnh trng thi nng.

a) Loi C46/39, C44/29 v C38/23 nhit t 900oC n 1000oC.

b) Loi C52/10 v C60/45 nhit t 900oC n 950oC. Khi nhit
h xung di 700oC phi ngng gia cng thp. Sau gia cng,
thp phi c ngui dn sao cho chi tit khng b ti, cong vnh
hoc rn nt. Tuyt i khng dng hn p h quang gia nhit
khi nn v un thp.
4.2.5. Khi un thp, ng knh ba un c quy nh:
a) Khng nh hn 1,2 b dy chi tit lm bng thp cc bon chu ti
trng tnh
b) Khng nh hn 2,5 b dy chi tit lm bng thp cc bon chu ti
trng ng
c) i vi thp hp kim thp, ng knh u ba un phi tng
50% so vi thp cc bon. Ring thp hp kim C60/45 th ng
knh ba un khng nh hn 3 ln b dy chi tit v phi lm nhn
cc mp trc khi un.
Bng 3: Bn knh cong v vng yu cu khi nn v un cc chi tit thp
Dng
thp
cn

Hnh dng ca mt ct
ngang

Thp
tm

Thp
gc

Thp
ch
U

Trc
qun
tnh

Bn knh cong r v vng f

Khi un

Khi nn

r
4

f
5

r
6

f
7

x-x

25a

l2
200a

50

l2
400a

y-y

l2
200a

x-x

45bl

l2
360b1

90b1

l2
720b1

y-y

45b2

l2
360b 2

90b2

l2
720b 2

x-x

25h

l2
200a

50h

l2
400a

y-y

45h

l2
360b

90b

l2
720b

Thp
hnh
ch I

Thp
ng

x-x

25h

l2
200h

50h

l2
400h

y-y

25b

l2
200b

50b

l2
400b

30h

60d

Trong :
1-Chiu dy phn un cong:
S-B dy thp;
b-h-Chiu rng v chiu cao ca tit din;
d-ng knh ng
Ch thch:
1) i vi thp tm cho php dng m hn hi gia nhit nn
2) Bn knh cong nh nht khi un chi tit ti trng tnh, c th bng
12S.
3) Cng thc tnh vng f c p dng khi chiu di cung khng vt
qu 1,5S
4.3.

Ct v gia cng mp

4.3.1. Phi dng phng php gia cng c kh (bo, phay, mi) gia
cng mp chi tit cc loi thp sau:
a) Tt c cc loi thp sau khi ct bng h quang khng kh.
b) Thp loi C52/40 v loi c cng nh hn, thp gia cng
nhit (cc loi thp ny cha qua hn hoc hn khng nng chy
hon ton) sau khi ct bng oxy th cng.
4.3.2. Gia cng c kh phi thc hin ti su khng nh hn 2mm
loi tr ht cc khuyt tt b mt, cc vt xc hoc vt nt cc
mp chi tit. Khi gia cng bng my mi trn, phi mi dc mp
chi tit.

4.3.3. Mp cc chi tit sau khi ct bng dao ct cng phi qua gia cng c
kh tng ng vi cc mc 4.3.1; 4.3.2. Mp sau khi ct bng dao
ct phi nhn, khng c ra xm vt qu 0,3mm v khng c cc
vt nt.
4.3.4. Mp cc chi tit sau khi gia cng phi nhn, g gh khng qu
0,3mm. Ring i vi thp loi C38/23 cho php ti 1mm.
4.3.5. sai lch v kch thc v hnh dng ca cc mp chi tit gia
cng phi tun th theo s sai lch cho php ca cc bn v chi tit
kt cu hoc TCVN 1691:1975 (mi hn h quang in bng tay.
Kiu, kch thc c bn) v bng 4 ca tiu chun ny
Bng 4 Sai lch cho php v ng knh l bu lng chnh xc cao
ng knh danh nh l, mm
Ln hn 12 n 18
Ln hn 18 n 30
Ln hn 30 n 39
4.4.

Sai lch cho php, mm

+0,24; 0
+0,28; 0
+0,34; 0

T hp

4.4.1. Trc khi em t hp, chi tit phi c lm sch hi m, du m

v cc cht bn khc trn b mt nhng v tr s hn vi b rng
khng nh hn 20mm.
Ch cho php t hp kt cu khi cc chi tit cc phn t kt cu
c nn, sa, lm sch g, du m v cc cht bn khc.
Khng c lm thay i hnh dng ca kt cu v cc chi tit khi
t hp nu khng c cp ti trong bin php thi cng.
Khng c lm thay i hnh dng ca kt cu v cc chi tit khi
lt v vn chuyn.
Khng c dch chuyn v lt cc kt cu ln, nng khi chng
mi c hn nh, cha c b g chng bin dng.
4.4.2. Cc phn t kt cu khi t hp xong v c kim tra nhng
cng tc hn chnh khng kt thc trong vng 24 gi th phi c
kim tra li.

4.4.3. Khi hn nh, ch cn mi hn c tit din ti thiu, khi hn

chnh mi hn ny s lm nng chy mi nh.
Chiu di mi hn nh i vi kt cu thp loi C52/40 v thp c
cng nh hn, quy nh khng ln hn 50mm, khong cch
gia 2 mi hn ny khng ln hn 0,5 ln chiu cao mi hn theo
thit k.
Mi hn nh phi do cc th hn c cc iu kin nu iu
4.5.4 v phi hn bng vt liu hn c cht lng nh cht lng
ca mi hn chnh.
Ch thch:
1) Cc chi tit lm bng thp loi C52/40 v loi c cng nh
hn, cho php hn nh ngoi ng hn thit k kp gi
tm chi tit ny trong khi gia cng (khoan, un). Sau khi hn
xong cn ty b v lm sch ch hn trn kt cu.
2) i vi lin kt hn t ng hoc na t ng, cho php hn
dnh bng que hn c bn m bo c yu cu nu ti
iu 4.5.1.; 4.5.2.
4.4.4. Dng mp vt, kch thc khe h ca cc chi tit v ca bn ni
cng ngh thc hin theo quy nh ca tiu chun TCVN
1691:1975 (mi hn h quang in bng tay. Kiu kch thc c
bn). Ring thp loi C60/45 phi c thc hin theo ch dn ca
bn v kt cu.
Nhng ch ba via v ch g gh cn tr vic lp ghp cc chi tit
phi c ty phng my mi trc khi t hp.
4.4.5. Khi t hp bng bu lng cn phi xit cht cc bu lng v lm trng
cc l cn li bng nhng cht t hp.
kht khi xit cht bu lng c kim tra bng que d c b dy
0,3mm khng la c su qu 20mm vo khe
4.4.6. Khi t hp tng th kt cu c th lin kt ton b cc phn t hoc
lin kt ring bit tng phn ca kt cu. Trong qu trnh t hp

tng th cn iu chnh ton b lin kt k c vic khot rng cc l

lp rp v t cc dng c nh v. Phi ghi r m hiu v vch
ng trc trn tt c cc phn t kt cu.
4.4.7. Kt cu u tin cho n kt cu cui cng ca kt cu cng loi
c gia cng trn 01 b gi lp, phi c lp th ph hp vi bn
v chi tit kt cu.
Khi lp th, phi lp ton b cc chi tit phn t ca kt cu vi s
bu lng v cht khng vt qu 30% tng s l trong nhm, ring
s cht khng nhiu qu 3 chic.
Ch thch: Chu k lp th c th khc vi quy nh trn v ty
thuc s tnh ton trc trong thit k.
4.5.

Hn

4.5.1. Hn kt cu thp phi c thc hin ng theo quy trnh cng

ngh lp v c cp c thm quyn ph duyt, chng c th
hin di dng kt cu mu hoc kt cu cng ngh c bit hoc l
theo thit k thi cng cng tc hn (PPSR).
4.5.2. Khi hn kt cu nn s dng cc phng php t ng v bn t
ng c nng sut cao, tun th quy trnh cng ngh, nhm m
bo cc yu cu v kch thc hnh hc v c tnh ca mi hn.
4.5.3. Khi hn phi chn ch n nh. Ch hn phi chn sao cho
m bo c h s ngu n (l t s gia chiu rng b v chiu
su ngu h ca mi hn) khng nh hn 1,3 i vi mi hn gc
(hnh 1.a) v khng nh hn 1,5 i vi mi hn gip mp mt lp
(hnh 1.b)

Hnh 1: Dng ngu ca mi hn:

a Hn gc;

b Hn gip mp mt lp
4.5.4. Th hn h quang tay phi c chng ch hn hp cch. Th hn t
ng v bn t ng phi c hc v hn t ng v phi c
cp chng ch tng ng
4.5.5. Khi thc hin cc mi hn chu lc cnh mi hn phi nh s hoc
m hiu th hn thc hin. S hoc m hiu th hn c nh
du v tr khng nh hn 4cm so vi mp mi hn (nu nh
khng c cc ch dn khc trong thit k hoc ti liu cng ngh).
Khi mt cm chi tit kt cu do mt th hn thc hin cho php
nh du ton b mt ln, lc ny m ca th hn ghi bn cnh mc
ca chi tit xut xng. Khi hn trong iu kin lp rp cho php
khi k hiu mi hnh trong s thc hin.
4.5.6. Phi kim tra vic t hp kt cu trc khi em hn. Ch c php
hn cc lp tip theo ( mi hnh nhiu lp) sau khi lm sch x,
bn v kim loi bn te ca mi hn nh, lp lt v lp trc.
Nhng on ca cc lp hn c r kh, nt, h lm phi c ty
ht trc khi hn lp tip theo.
4.5.7. hn ngu hon ton, khi hn hai mt ca mi hn ch T, mi
hn gc v mi hn gip mp phi ty ht x v cc khuyt tt (nu
c) gc mi hn mt trc, trc khi hn mt sau.
4.5.8. Khi hn tip mi hn b buc phi ngng hn gia chng, phi
nh sch x, kim loi to.. cui ng hn (k c x ming
hn) mt on di 20mm. on hn tip, phi hn ph ln on
c lm sch.
4.5.9. B mt cc chi tit hn v ni lm vic ca th hn phi c che
ma, gi mnh v gi la.
4.5.10. Tnh cht c hc kim loi ca cc mi hn c xc nh qua kt
qu th nghim theo cc tiu chun TCVN 5400:1991; TCVN
5401:1991; TCVN5402:1991;TCVVN 5403:1991 v phi p ng
c cc yu cu sau:

- ng sut bn ca kim loi hn khng c thp hn yu cu i

vi kim loi c bn;
- cng ca kim loi hn (kim loi mi hn, vng nh hng
nhit ) khi hn kt cu trong iu kin cng xung phi thp hn
350HV cho cu kin nhm 1 theo phn loi ca tiu chun v
khng cao hn 400HV cho cc kt cu cc nhm cn li; khi hn
cc cu kin trong iu kin lp rp cng ca kim loi mi hn
khng c cao hn 350 HV;
- bn va p cho cc mu loi VI nhit trung bnh trong
ngy ti ni thong ca 5 ngy lnh nht phi m bo yu cu ca
thit k nhng khng thp hn 29J/cm2 (tr cc mi lin kt thc
hin hn h quang in di lp bo v), d dn di tng i
khng thp hn 16%.
Ghi ch:
1. Vic th nghim dai va p nn thc hin cho kim loi hn
gip mi hoc hn ch T i vi mi hn ngoi cng.
2. Khi th nghim kim loi gii hn dai va p c th thp hn
nhng khng c thp hn 5J/cm2.
3. Khi cn phi nh gi dai va p cho cc mu thuc dng
khc cn phi ch r gi tr trong cc ti liu thit k.
4.5.1. Kch thc ca mi hn theo quy nh ca thit k nhng khng
c vt qu cc tr s trong TCVN 1691:1975 (mi hn h
quang in bng tay. Kiu, kch thc c bn), ring i vi kt cu
lm bng thp loi C60/45, kch thc mi hn phi ph hp vi
bn v kt cu. Kch thc mi hn gc phi m bo c tit
kim lm vic ca n. Tit din ny c xc nh bng cnh mi
hn ghi trong bn v kt cu v khe h ln nht cho php tiu
chun TCVN 1691:1975 (mi hn h quang in bng tay. Kiu,
kch thc c bn).

4.5.2. Nhng ch chy khuyt trn b mt chi tit do hn, phi c lm

sch bng my mi, vi su khng nh hn 0,5mm. Ch khuyt
su vo trong thp hn khng c ln hn 3% b dy thp hn.
4.5.13.Thp loi C38/23 n C52/40 khi hn h quang tay bn t ng
nhit mi trng xung quanh thp hn nhit ghi trong bng
5, cn phi t nng trc ti 120 oC vi b rng 100mm mi bn
ng hn.
Bng 5 Nhit mi trng xung quanh cho php khng cn gia nhit
thp khi hn

B dy thp
(mm)
T 30 n 40
>40

Nhit nh nht cho php oC

Thp hp kim thp loi
Thp cc bon
C52/40 v cng nh hn
i vi cc kt cu
Dng tm ln
Dng tm ln
Dng li
Dng li
v dy
v dy
0
0
0
+5
0
0
+5
+10

Khi hn kt cu ln lm bng thp tm dy trn 20mm phi p dng

cc phng php hn bc thang, hn phn on 2 pha gim tc
ngui cho mi hn, hn t gia ng hn ra 2 pha (do hai th
hn ng thi).
Khi hn thp loi C60/45 c b dy trn 25mm, d nhit mi
trng l bao nhiu, u phi t nng trc khi hn.
Khi hn t t ng thp cc bon v thp hp kim thp, vi dy
bt k khng cn t nng trc nu nhit mi trng ln hn
0oC.
4.5.14.Khi hn xong, mi hn phi c lm sch x v kim loi bn te.
B phn g lp vo kt cu bng hn nh (nu c) phi c ty
b bng cc bin php khng lm hng thp kt cu. Cc mi hn
nh ny phi c ty cho bng mt thp v ty ht khuyt tt.

4.5.15. Mi hn c phn loi ty thuc vo vic b tr kt cu, iu

kin s dng v mc quan trng ca mi hn xc nh mc
cht lng cao, trung bnh hoc thp. c tnh v mc cht
lng c th hin trong bng 6 v ph lc A.

Bng 6: c tnh v mc cht lng mi hn

Loi v
mc
cht
lng
mi hn
lin kt

Kiu mi lin kt v c tnh s dng ca chng

1. Tit din ngang ca mi hn gip mi, chu ng sut ko K

0.85fW (trong cc thanh chu ko v dm, chi tit dn v.v)
2. Mi hn ch T, mi hn gc, mi hn ch nht, lm vic ch
I-Cao

ko khi ng sut ko tc dng ln cc chi tit g lp v khi chu ng

sut ct ti cc mi hn K 0.85fW v khi chu ng sut ct ti mi
hn K 0.85fWr
3. Tit din ngang ca mi hn gip mi chu ng sut ko K
0.85fW cng nh lm vic ch ko ca cc mi hn ch T, mi
hn gc, lin kt ch thp khi ng sut ko tc dng ln chi tit g lp

II. Trung
bnh

K 0.85fW v chu ng sut ct K 0.85fWr

4. Mi hn gc chu ng sut ct Wf 0.7 5fWr lin kt cc chi tit c
bn ca kt cu nhm 2 v nhm 3 (tr trng hp thuc v loi 2 v 3)
5. Mi hn gip mi dc, chu ng sut ko hoc chuyn dch 0,4
<=<0.85f
6. Mi hn gc trong cc chi tit c bn ca kt cu nhm 2 v 3 chu
ng sut ko (mi hn gc trong cc chi tit chu ko ca dn..)
7. Mi hn gip mi v mi hn gc, thuc vng chu ko ca cc chi

tit c bn ca kt cu lin kt gc, gi ta..

III. Thp 8. Cc mi hn gip mi ngang, chu ti trng nn
9. Cc mi hn gip mi dc v cc mi hn lin kt vi gi ta trong

cc chi tit ca kt cu chu nn.

10. Cc mi hn gip mi v cc mi hn gc, lin kt vi chi tit
chu nn trong kt cu nh hnh
12. Cc mi hn gip mi v cc mi hn gc trong cc chi tit ph
ca kt cu (kt cu nhm 4)
K hiu:

ng sut ko ca kim loi mi hn;

fw

Cng tnh ton ca mi hn i u chu nn, ko, un theo

gii hn chy.

wf

ng sut tip tuyn kim loi mi hn gc

wf

ng sut chu ct ca mi hn gc (quy c) theo kim loi ca mi

hn.

fwf

Cng tnh ton ca kim loi mi hn

ng sut php

4.5.16. Kim tra cht lng mi hn

4.5.16.1.Cng tc kim tra cht lng mi hn phi c thc hin theo
cc yu cu ca tiu chun k thut, ti liu thit k v ti liu
cng ngh. Kim tra khng ph hy phi do cc chuyn gia
chuyn ngnh thc hin.
4.5.16.2.Vic kim tra cht lng mi hn phi c tin hnh trc thi
cng lp chng n mn (K c cng tc sn cu kin).
4.5.16.3. Kim tra khng ph hy lin kt hn c thc hin sau khi
sa cha cc khuyt tt c pht hin bng mt thng hoc cc
thit b o.
4.5.16.4.Khi kim tra mi hn, trc ht phi kim tra cc v tr ng
hn giao nhau v nhng v tr c th pht sinh khuyt tt. Nu
kt qu kim tra thy cht lng mi hn khng m bo, vic
kim tra phi c tip tc cho n khi lm r thi hn on mi
hn b khuyt tt.

4.5.16.5.Khi xut hin c h thng cc khuyt tt khng cho php (mc

khng t yu cu vt qu 10%). S lng cc v tr kim tra
bng phng php khng ph hy phi c thc hin gp i.
Trong qu trnh kim tra tip theo, nu tip tc thy xut hin cc
khuyt tt khng cho php phi thc hin kim tra ton b 100%
mi hn cng loi.
4.5.16.6.Cc mi hn khng m bo yu cu cht lng phi c sa
cha theo bin php v ti liu cng ngh c duyt v phi
c kim tra.
4.5.16.7.Nu trong ti liu thit k khng quy nh th khi lng v
phng php kim tra cht lng mi hn c thc hin theo
quy nh trong bng 7.
Bng 7: Cc phng php v khi lng kim tra cht lng mi hn kt
cu thp
Phng php kim Loi mi hn kim
tra, tiu chun

tra theo bng 3

Khi lng

Ghi ch

kim tra

Kt qu kim tra mi
Mt thng v
dng c o
Chp phng x

Ton b

1 v 2

100%

100%

hoc siu m (theo

tiu chun o n

hn loi 1-5 theo bng

2 phi c lp danh
mc
Khng tnh n khi

100%

v thit k quy

lng thc hin cho

mi hn cc loi 1 v 2

nh)

Th nghim c kh

4
5%
Nh trn
5 v 8
1%
Nh trn
Loi lin kt kim tra, khi lng v yu cu cht lng
theo yu cu ca thit k

Ghi ch
1. Phng php v khi lng kim tra mi hn ti cc nt c cng cao, ni
m tng nguy c to vt nt, phi c ch dn thm trong ti liu thit k

2. Trong cc cu kin v trong cc nt c nguy c xut hin vt nt do ngui

trong cc mi hn, vic kim tra cht lng mi hn phi c thc hin
khng sm hn 2 ngy m sau khi kt thc cng tc hn.
4.5.16.8. Kim tra hnh dng bn ngoi mi hn cn tha mn cc yu cu
sau:
a) B mt nhn, u n (khng chy trn, chy chn, co hp, ngt
qung), khng chuyn tip t ngt t b mt mi hn sang b mt thp
c bn. Trong kt cu chu ti trng ng, b mt mi hn gc cng
phi m bo chuyn tip u n sang b mt thp c bn.
b) Kim loi mi hn phi cht c, khng c vt nt v khng c
khuyt tt vt qu gii hn cho php (theo ph lc A).
c) Cho php khuyt chn mi hn vi su khng qu 0,5mm khi
thp c b dy t 4 n 10mm v khng qu 1mm khi thp dy trn
10mm.
d) Ming hn phi c hn p y.
4.5.16.9. Kim tra kn mi hn bng du ha c quy nh nh sau:
Tm du mt mt mi hn, s ln tm khng t hn 2, khong
thi gian gia hai ln tm l 10 pht;
Qut nc phn hoc nc cao lanh mt mi hn khng tm
du v yn trong thi gian 4 gi.
Nu mi hn kn th trn mt c qut nc phn hay nc
cao lanh khng xut hin vt du loang.
4.5.16.10. Kim tra cht c mi hn bng nc x phng. Nu sau
khi bm kh nn (pha bn kia) hoc ht chn khng m khng
thy xut hin bt kh x phng th mi hn c c chc tt.
4.5.17.

Khng cho php c vt nt trong mi hn. on mi hn c

vt phi c khoan chn cch cc u nt 15mm bng mi
khoan c ng knh t 5 n 8mm. sau gia cng vt mp
v hn li.

4.5.18.

Cc tm lm mu th nghim c tnh phi c gia cng bng

loi thp lm kt cu v c hn trong iu kin nh khi hn
kt cu (cng v tr hn, th, ch , vt liu v thit b hn).

4.5.19.

Kch thc tm lm mu th nghim, hnh dng, kch thc

mu th v phng php ct mu phi theo quy nh ca cc
TCVN 197:2002 (Kim loi, phng php th ko). TCVN
198:1985 (Kim loi, phng php th un) TCVN 256: 1983
(Kim loi, phng php th cng Brinen). TCVN 257:1985
(Kim loi phng php th ng cng Roven. Thang A, B, C).
TCVN 258:1985 (Kim loi, phng php th cng Vicke),
v TCXDVN 312:1984 (Kim loi, phng php th un v
p nhit thng).
S lng mu th nghim c l quy nh nh sau;
a) Ko tnh: Mi hn gip mp-2mu, kim loi mi hn gip
mp mi hn gc v ch T mi loi 3 mu;
b) dai va p kim loi mi hn gip mp v khu vc ln
cn mi hn theo ng nng chy-mi loi 3 mu;
c) Un tnh mi hn gip mp-2mu:
d) cng: Tt c cc mi hn lm bng thp hp kim thp
loi C60/45 v thp c cng nh hn vi s lng khng
t hn 4 im kim loi mi hn cng nh khu vc ln cn
mi hn trong 1 mu.
Cc ch s quy nh c tnh ca thp theo thit k. Loi b cc
mi hn c kt qu kim tra khng t yu cu. Khi cht
lng vt liu hn, ch v tay ngh th hn phi c kim
tra li.

4.5.20.

Mi hn c khuyt tt phi c x l bng cc bin php sau:

hn p cc on mi hn b ngt qung, ming b lm, cc
khuyt tt khc ca mi hn vt qu quy nh phi c ty
b vi chiu di bng kch thc khuyt tt cng thm vt

qu quy nh phi ty sch v hn p, sau c ty li

bo m chuyn tip u n t kim loi p sang thp c
bn.
Mi hn hoc on mi hn c khuyt tt sau khi x l cn
phi c kim tra li.
4.5.21.

Kt cu hn c bin dng d vt qua tr s cho trong bng 2

phi c sa cha bng cc bin php nhit, c hoc kt hp
gia nhit v c.

4.6.

Gia cng l

4.6.1.

Tt c cc l lp rp phi c gia cng ti nh my theo ng

ng knh thit k, tr nhng l c bn v kt cu quy
nh cho php gia cng l vi ng knh nh hn, sau c
th khoan m rng theo ng ng knh thit k.
Cho php dng phng php t gia cng l c ng knh
danh nh t 10 n 25 mm i vi C60/45 c b dy ti
10mm.

4.6.2 ng knh danh nh ca l bo lnh vi chnh xc thp, trung

bnh v coa c qui nh c th trong ti liu thit k. Trong
trng hp thit k khng qui nh c thc hin theo bng 8.
Bng 8: Qui nh v ng knh bu lng v ng knh l tng ng
Sn phm kim loi
- Thn bu lng chnh
xc trung bnh v
thn bu lng cng
cao.
_ L bu lng cng
thng
- L bu lng cng
cao

ng knh l theo thit k mm

-

12

(14)

16

(13) (15)

(17)

19
-

15
-

20

(27)

30

(21) (25) (25) (31)

23
21
23
25

28
25
28
30

33
31
33
35

36
39
-

Ch thch: Cc thng s nm trong ngoc n () quy nh trc ng dy

ti in

4.6.3. ng knh bu lng chnh xc cao, c quy nh bng ng

knh thn bu lng dung sai cho php ca ng knh l so vi thit
k c ly theo bng 9
Bng 9 Sai lch cho ph v ng kch l bu lng chnh xc cao.
ng knh danh nh l mm
Sai lch cho php mm
Ln hn 12 n 18
- 024; 0
Ln hn 18 n 30
-0.28; 0
Ln hn t 30 n 39
+0,34 ;0
4.6.3 Khoan hoc khot rng cc l lp rp ch c tin hnh sau khi
kp cht hoc hn cc phn t kt cu.
Cho php khoan l lp rp cc chi tit t hp v cc nhnh khi
cc phn t kt cu c t chc trn b.
Ch tin hnh khot rng l sau khi t hp xong v kim tra
xogn kch thc.
4.6.5 Cht lng v sai lch kch thc l bu lng chnh xc thp,
trung bnh v l bu lng cng cao phi tho mn cc yu cu
ghi trong bng 10.
4.6.6 Cc l gia cng ti nh my dng cho bu lng chnh xc thp,
trung bnh v l bu lng cng cao phi m bo cc yu cu t
hp kt cu sau y:
a)

Ca lp ng knh phi nh hn ng knh danh nh ca l

1,5mm v phi t lt 75% s l. Nu t hn 75% th phi t hp v
kim tra li;

b)

Sau khi t hp li, nu s l t lt vn t hn 75% th cho php

khot l rng vi ng knh ln hn, sau kim tra li bn
ca lin kt bng tnh ton.

4.6.7. Cht lng v v tr cc l lp rp phi tha mn cc yu cu sau:

- Phi c trn 85% ca lp ng knh x qua c cc l lp rp.
Nu di 85% hoc khng tha mn cc yu cu quy nh trong
bng 10 th phi kim tra li vic t hp cc phn t kt cu. Sau
khi kim tra m cht lng vn khng p ng c yu cu th

phi sa cha b gia cng l lp rp, hn kt cu gia cng trn b

phi c t hp tng th li sa cha ch sai hng. Nhng
kt cu c l lp rp c sa cha phi c k hiu ring.
- Tin hnh kim tra song song khong cch cc l ca mt s mt
lp rp bng gi t hp, bng thit b g lp hoc bng b c mu
c bit..
Bng 10: Cht lng v sai lch kch thc l bulng
Danh mc dung sai
Sai s ng knh v
ovan l khoan v
t cho lin kt bng
inh tn v bulng
Kch thc d trn
1mm v vt nt mp
l
nghing (trc
nghin) di 3%
chiu dy cm chi
tit, nhng khng
qu 2mm khi thi
cng bng my v
khng vt qu 3mm
khi gia cng bng
thit b kh nn cm
tay
nghing (trc
nghing) di 3%
chiu dy cm chi
tit lp rp bng bu
lng
nghing ln
Sai s su l
khoan

ng
knh l
(mm)

Dung sai cho

php

S lng
C235-C285 C345-C440

n 17

0; +0,6

Khng gii hn

0; +0,6

0; +1,5

Trn 17
0;+1,5

Khng cho php

Khng gii hn

Khng cho php

Khng gii
hn

Di 20%

Khng gii hn
Ghi ch: ng knh l t cnh ca li khng c vt qu ng
knh danh nh ca l l.5mm.

4.6.8 Vic nghin cu cc l khoan khot rng phi tin hnh trc khi tho d
kt cu t hp tng th.
Phi ty sch cc ba va cc mp l.
4.6.9 Vic t hp kim tra v t hp ton b kt cu lin kt bng bu lng lp
c thc hin lai x nghip ch to nu nh c yu cu trng ti liu
thit k.
4.7.

Sn.

4.7.1 Ton b kt cu thp phi c sn lt v sn ph ti x nghip gia cng

theo chi dn ca thit k
4.7.2 Khi sn lt v sn ph phi tun theo cc iu kin sau:
4.7.2.1 Trc khi sn lt phi lm sch cc vt bn v du m lin kt ch;
4.7.2.2 Ch tin hnh sn lt sau khi kim tra sch ca kt cu. Ch c
sn ph sau khi kim tra cht lng sn lt. Khi sn phi tun theo ch
dn k thut v sn;
4.7.2.3 Khng c sn lt v sn ph vi b rng 180mm v hai pha dng
hn nhng v tr c trong bn v v nhng b mt lp rp bu lng
cng cao;
4.7.2.4 Sn lt v sn ph phi tin hnh khi nhit khng kh khng thp hn
+5oC.
4.7.2.5 Nhng phn kt cu thp c b tng th khng sn m c qut mt
lp va xi mng mng;
4.7-2.6 Nhng kt cu cun c phi sn lt ngay ti ni gia cng bng loi
sn chng kh:
4.7.2.7 Phi sn lt v sn ph cc lp mng. phng. khng b chy v khng
st. B dy cc lp sn c xc nh theo ch dn k thut v sn;
4.7.2.8 Khi sn bng my th kh nn phi c lm sch du, bi v hi m.
Ch thch:
1) Nu ni gia cng kt cu c nhit thp di +5 oC th cho php sn lt v
sn ph ti ni lp rp c nhit cao hn.
2) Ti nhng ct khng b tng c th sn lt v sn ph.

5. Vn chuyn, bo qun v chuyn giao kt cu

5.1

Mc t hp v iu kin cung ng

5.1.1

Kt cu phi c cung cp cho n v s dung mt cch ng b.

5.1.2 Trong thnh phn sn phm v ti liu bt buc phi bao gm: Kt cu, ti
liu thit k, ch dn lp rp, hng dn s dng v ti liu v qun l
cht lng ca kt cu.
5.1.3 Thnh phn t hp khi lng, trnh t cung ng cu kin, mc chi tit
ho li liu thit k, cung cp ph tng, vt liu, cc chi tit m v chi
tit g lp..) phi c c th ho trong cc bin bn tho thun (hp
ng) cung cp kt cu.
5.1.4 Khi qui nh kch thc kt cu cn phi xem xt kh nng tch chng
thnh cc chi tit c tnh n kh nng cng ngh ca nh sn xut v
thit b nng h ca ngi s dng cng nh iu kin vn chuyn. Vic
tch kt cu thnh cc thnh phn v khi phi m bo cc yu cu sau:
- Chi tit hoc khi c tch ra phi bo ton kch thc v hnh dng thit k
trong qu trnh bc d v vn chuyn;
- Chi tit hoc khi phi c chi tit tre trong qu trnh bc d v t
hp ln trong qu trnh lp rp, to cc cu v thang lp rp cng nh
phi c ng b ha bng cc chi tit g lp lp rp kt cu vo v tr
thit k;
- Kch thc bao ca chi tit hoc khi ca cu kin c vn chuyn
bng ng st phi m bo theo kch thc ca kh ng st;
- Kch thc bao ca chi tit hoc khi cu kin vn chuyn bng ng
b phi m bo cc yu cu ca c quan an ton giao thng ng b.
5.2.

Ghi nhn mc

5.2.1 Cn c vo cng dng ca vic ghi nhn mc kt cu v chi tit, c th l

ghi nhn mc theo nguyn cng, chung, c th hay l nh hng.
5.2.2 Vic ghi nhn mc theo nguyn cng ngi ta ghi ln chi tit hoc thnh
phn chi tit trong qu trnh thc hin cc nguyn cng ch to kt cu
theo cc ti liu cng ngh. V nguyn tc vic ghi nhn mc theo nguyn

cng khng c bo ton khi kt cu c ch to xong, tr trng

hp c bit c ghi trong ti liu thit k, iu kin k thut hoc cc
tiu chun cho kt cu c th.
5.2.3 Vic ghi nhn mc chung c ghi cho mi cu kin. Vic ghi nhn mc
chung phi tun theo cc tiu chun do n v thit k quy nh. Trong
trng hp n v thit k khng quy nh n v nhn thu cn thng
nht vi ch u t la chn tiu chun s dng cho ph hp.
Cho php ghi ln cc cu kin k hiu hng ha hoc tn rt gn ca nh
ch to.
Cho php ghi ln cu kin mc dng sc 5cm bng mu xc nh cho mi
n t hng khi nh ch to cung cp theo hai n t hng tr ln cho
mt a ch.
5.2.4. Nhn mc ring phi ghi ln cc cu kin qua kim tra chung v kim
tra lp rp. Vic ghi nhn mc c th phi bao hm:
- Vic ghi nhn mc chung;
- Vic ghi nhn mc b sung theo s lp rp.
5.2.5. Nhn mc nh hng phi ghi ln cu kin m trong qu trnh lp rp cn
phi c thng tin v chnh xc ca hng trong khng gian. Vic ghi
nhn mc nh hng ch s dng khi c ch dn trong cc ti liu thit k
cho cc cu kin qua kim tra v t hp chung.
5.2.6. Ghi nhn mc nh hng phi thc hin b sung cho vic ghi nhn mc
chung hoc ghi nhn mc ring v n khng bao hm cc k hiu nh
du: v tr mc cp, im t v v tr lp rp ca cu kin c ghi trong
ti liu thit k. V tr ta v v tr nh v ca cu kin ghi dng sc di
5mm.
5.2.7 Nhn m c th ghi thnh mt hng hoc bc thang ph thuc vo kch
thc cu kin.
5.2.8 Vic ghi nhn mc phi thc hin ti hai v tr v b tr ch d nhn thy,
d c trong qu trnh bo qun v lp rp, trong trng hp cn thit k
c khi s dng v sa cha.

5.2.9 i vi cc cu kin do kch thc qu nh khng th ghi c dng ch

ghi nhn mc, cho php ghi nhn mc khng ghi s hp ng v s bn
v, lc ny cc kt cu phi c ng vo thng hoc ng thnh b.
Thng hoc b phi c gn nhn ghi r s hp ng, s bn v v s
lng trong thng hoc trong b.
5.2.10Vic ghi nhn mc phi c qui nh trong cc tiu chun hoc iu kin
k thut hoc l ti liu thit k v vic ghi ln cu kin bng mt trong
cc phng php sau :
- Sn theo khun mu;
- Ch v s theo tiu chun qui nh;
- Gn ln cc chi tit tm kim loi c nh s bng cch dp ch v s;
Cho php ghi nh mc bng cch sn th cng. Vic ghi nhn mc bng
tm kim loi phi c ghi trong khung bng sn.
5.2.11 Vic ghi nhn mc theo khun mu phi thc hin bng sn khc mu
vi phng ca cu kin
5.2.12 Vic ghi nhn mc phi thc hin bng k t c chiu cao 10,15,30,50 v
l0mm)
5.2.13 iu kin v thi hn bo v nhn mc c qui nh trong ti liu tiu
chun. Vic ghi nhn mc phi m bo nhn thy khi bo qun v lp
rp. Vic ghi nhn mc c thc bin bng cc tm kim loi gn ln
cu kin phi c bo ton, cc dng ch vit trong sut thi gian s
dng ca chi tit trong mi iu kin v ch c qui nh trong
cc tiu chun iu kin k thut v trong ti liu thit k.
5-2.14 Vic gn ln cc cu kin cc mc kim loi phi loi tr kh nng to v
ng cc kh c. Kch thc tm kim loi ly theo tiu chun TCVN
2090:1993.
5.2.15 Vic ghi nhn mc vn chuyn ca chi tit thc hin theo tiu chun
TCVN 2090:1993
Phng php ly mu, bao gi, ghi nhn, vn chuyn v bo qun.
5.2.16 Trn cc chi tit chnh ca kt cu nn ghi tr s nng chy ca kim loi.

5.3

ng gi

5.3.1 Vic ng gi kt cu phi m bo khng lm thay i hnh dng kch

thc kt cu, khng lm bin dng cng nh phi bo ton lp bo v
ca kt cu trong sut qu trnh bc d v bo qun.
5.3.2 Dng c bn ca vic ng gi kt cu vn chuyn v bo qun l l
ng thng.
5.3.3 Vic ng thng c thc hin cho cc kt cu, chi tit v n v lp rp
(chi tit c cng v bn nh: cc cu kin li mng; m (ng
ray cn cu, cc thanh dn hng ca vn chuyn ln cao, kt cu bao
che); Cc thnh phn ca kt cu bao che nh v cng trnh, cho php
thc hin vic ng hm. Cc hm ring bit ca cu kin ng vai tr l
phng tin vn chuyn hoc kt hp vi cc phng tin vn chuyn.
5.3.4 T hp cc hm vn chuyn c thc hin t cc chi tit cng loi hot
cc hm ca cng mt n t hng v bn v hoc t cc chi tit vn
chuyn khc nhau trong gii hn ca n t hng.
5.3.5 Cc hm vn chuyn chi tit phi m bo:
- Kh nng c gii ho cng tc xp d ln phng tin vn chuyn;
- Khng thay i hnh ang v kch thc, bo ton kt cu trong qu
trnh vn chuyn, bc d v bo qun;
- bn ca tng kin ring bit phi c kh nng xp thnh hai lp tr
ln, tr cc kin ca ch kt dng li v cc kt cu tm cong;
- Thun li cho vic kim tra s lng chi tit v nhn mc ca chi tit
trong kin;
- An ton cho vic xp v bc , c kh nng tch thnh cc kin ring
bit;
- tin cy v thun tin trn cc phng tin vn chuyn tun theo
qui tc ca cc phng tin vn chuyn tng ng.
5.3.6 Cc chi tit (chi tit t hp, chi tit g lp, cc chi tit m, cc phng
tin lp rp) c khi lng nh vi kch thc bao di l.5m c
ng kin bng cc thng c y (c th c mi che hoc khng, thnh

kn hoc bng li), c sn xut theo bn v ch to theo trnh t qui

nh. Vic ng kin bulng cng cao thc hin theo tiu chun. Cho
php cung cp cc chi tit t hp trong thng v conteno ca nh cung
ng..
5.3.7 Kch thc ti a ca cc kin v thng phi ph hp yu cu ca vic
vn chuyn bng ng st, ng b, ng khng v ng thu phi
tun theo qui nh ca cc ngnh vn ti tng ng.
5-3.8 Khi lng ca kin vn chuyn khng c vt qu 20tn, nu nh
khi lng vn chuyn khng c cp n trong n t hng. Nu
khi lng ca kin vo qu 20 tn, cn phi tho thun vi ngi vn
chuyn v ngi nhn hng. Trong trng hp phi trung chuyn trn
ng vn chuyn cn phi thng nht vi cc trm (im) trung chuyn
khi khi lng ca kin vt qu 10 tn.
5.3.9 Khi vn chuyn hn hp kch thc bao v khi lng cc kin v thng
khng c vt qu gi tr nh nht c qui nh trong lut ca cc
loi phng tin vn chuyn.
5.3.10 Khi lng cc phng lin ng gi vn chuyn phi l cn thit ti
thiu. Cc chi tit chu lc v khng chu lc ca phng tin ng kin
pht c tnh ton theo nh mc v qui tc xy dng v vic thit k kt
cu thp c tnh n khi lng cc cu kin a ng kin khi bc, d v
vn chuyn ln cc phng tin vn chuyn.
5.3.11Cc chi tit chu lc ca cc phng nn ng gi phi c chc
chn cho vic mc cp v g lp chng ln phng tin vn chuyn. Cc
l trong cc chi tit ca phng tin ng gi phi ln hn (mm): cho
vic mc cp-70, cho vic g lp-30.
5.3.12 Cc phng tin ng gi phi s dng.
- Thp cn (nng v lnh) v thp tm;
- Lin kt bu lng v lin kt hn:
- Si thp cc bon thp cng dng chung qua nhit luyn ng knh
khng di 6mm.

5.3.13 bo v lp bo v kt cu li cc v tr tip xc gia chng vi nhau

hoc tip gip vi cc phng tin ng gi cn c g cht qua lp bo
v bng ba carton, g, nha hoc cc vt liu khc.
5.3.14 Khi vn chuyn. phn kt cau nh ra phi c kp cht. Cn nhng v
tr s hn lp rp th phi c bo v khng b g.
5.3.15 Cc mp u mt chi tit c gia cng bng phay v cc b mt lm
vic ca khp v gi xoay phi c bi du m. Ngoi ra cc l dng
cho khp xoay cng phi c bo v khng b han g bng cc nt g.
5.3.16 Treo buc, vn chuyn trong nh my v bc d cc phn t kt cu
thnh phm pht thc hin sao cho kt cu hoc chi titt khng b bin
ng d v xy xc. Khng c treo buc bng xch trc tip ln b
mt cc chi tit. Cc chi tit nh cng lot (ging. chng) phi c xp
buc thnh b khi bc d chng.
5.3.17 Cc thng cha chi tit cng nh phng tin g nh trong cc thng
vn chuyn phi c thc hin theo tiu chun ca cc ngnh vn ti
tng ng .
5.3.18 n v gia cng phi cp chng ch cho kt cu khi hon thnh ton b
hay mt b phn ring bit ca hp ng gia cng.
5.4

Vn chuyn v bo qun

5.4.1

Ton b kt cu kho phi c:

a) Phn loi theo hng mc cng trnh, theo chng loi mc thp v theo
th t lp rp;
b) Kim tra li (nu c h hng th phi sa cha);
c) Chun b sn sng lp rp lm sch g, hi m, bi m vo nhng
phn gi , vch cc ng trc trn cc phn l kt cu nh du trung
tm v v tr treo buc.

5.4.2 Bc d, bo qun v vn chuyn kt cu phi trnh gy h hng kt cu

v lp sn.
Khng c qung nm kem cu khi bc d.
5.4.3 Xp t kt cu vo kho hoc ln phng tin vn chuyn.

 Phi m bo chc chn trn cc tm k lt. Khong cch

gia cc tm k lt phi m bo khng gy bin dng d
cho kt cu. Trong cc ng xp nhiu tng, gia cc phn t
kt cu phi dng cc tm ngn v k theo tng v theo
phng ng;
Cc dn, dm v thp c un phi c bo qun v
tr thng ng;
Khng c t kt cu st mt t;
Khng ng nc trn kt cu;
5.4.4 Nu kt cu c ch h hng cn c gia cng hoc thay th bng chi
tit mi phi a s tha thun vi thit k.
5-4.5 Kt cu khi lp rp pht sch g, hi m, m, sn v cc tp cht ph kim
loi khc. Nu kt cu lm sch bng cch phun ct th phi ty sch theo
lp b xy ha v cc b mt tip ni khi lp rp, phi kim tra sch
trc khi lp rp kt cu.
5.4-6 Yu cu i vi cng tc vn chuyn v bo qun phi c nu c th
trong cc tiu chun hoc iu kin k thut khi kt cu c sn xut
hng lot cn khi sn xut n chic phi c th hin r trong cc ti
liu thit k. Qu lnh vn chun phi c thc hin nghim ngt theo
cc yu cu ny.
5.4.7 Cng tc xp, vn chuyn d v bo qun kt cu phi c thc hin khi
c cc bin php loi tr vic lm h hng kt cu v bo ton lp bo v
cu kin. Khng cho php d ti bng cch qung v ko l.
5.4.8 Cng tc bc d phi m bo an ton cho ngi, thit b vn chuyn v
kt cu.
5.4.9 Cho php vn chuyn cu kin bng bt k loi phng tin vn chuyn
no. Bc xp v vn chuyn khi vn chuyn cu kin bng ng st phi
thc hin bng toa h theo yu cu ca tiu chun vn ti ng st c
tnh n vic s dng ti a ti trng (dung tch) v tun theo yu cu ca

qui tc vn chuyn hng ho v yu cu k thut ca vic xp v g hng

ho.
5.4.10 Phn b v g nh cc cu kin, kin, gi hng ring bit ln phng tin
vn chuyn phi thc hin theo s c lp tun theo iu tch k
thut hin hnh v cc qui nh cho cc loi vn chuyn c s dng.
5.4.11 Bc d cu kin, kin hng ho v cc thng cha phi thc hin bng
cc phng php loi tr c kh nng lm h hng cu kin v phng
tin vn chuyn.
5.4.12 Kt cu v cc phn ca kt cu phi c bo v trong cc kho thit b
chuyn dng c b tr theo cc n t hng v theo n v lp rp v
mc sn phm.
5.4.13 Khi bo qun phi m bao v tr n nh cho cu kin, kin v thng
cha khng c chng chm t cng nh xem xt cc bin php
chng li s ngng ng hi nc t nhin ln b mt hoc pha trong kt
cu.
5.4.14 Khi xp kt cu, kin hoc cc thng hng thnh nhiu lp cn t pha
di lp di cng mt lp m bng g v cc lp m theo chiu cao
ca mi lp.
5.4.15 S b tr kho phi loi tr c s bin dng ca cu kin v m bo
an ton cho cng tc mc v tho cp cu kin, kin hoc thng cha.
5.4.16 Khi b tr vo kho phi m bo gc nhn tt nhn mc ca cu kin.
5.4.17 Kch thc li i b v i xe trong kho gia cc cm hng ho hoc cc
cu kin ting bit phi p ng c yu cu ca tiu chun v qui tc
xy dng v k thut an ton.
6. Lp rp kt cu thp
6.1

Ch dn chung

6.1.1 Lp rp kt cu thp cn phi theo ng thit k

6.1.2 Cng vic thi cng lp rp tip theo ch c php tin hnh sau khi
lm xong mi cng vic t hp, hn v lp bu lng.

6.1.3 Qu trnh lp rp kt cu thp nn c c gii ha. nh vn chuyn, t

hp kim v lp t.
6.1.4 Hng dn lp rp phi do ngi c php thi cng lp rp m nhim.
6.1.5 Phng php lp rp ch yu nn lp rp theo khi lng ln (k c
phng php lp rp dy chuyn), phng php ny khng ch dnh ring
cho kt cu thp v p dng cho c lp rp cc phn khc ca nh v cng
trnh.
6.1.6 Trong lp rp, tt c cc cng vic ct, nn, un, t hp khi ln, hn, to
l phi tun theo cc quy nh ca tiu chun ny.
6.1.7 Trong qu trnh thi cng, phi ghi nht k cng vic lp rp, hn v lp bu
lng cng .
6.2 Cng tc chun b v cc yu cu v mng.
6.2.1 Chun b cn thit cho cng tc lp rp (dng nh tm, cng trnh ph, lp
t ng ray, ng t, ng cho cu, ng in, mt bng lp rp...)
phi c tin hnh trc khi lp rp v theo ng cc yu cu v t chc
thi cng.
Cc thit b lp rp phi c tp kt v vn hnh th trc khi lp rp.
6.2.2 Ch cho php bt u thi cng lp rp sau khi chun b xong mt bng
v v tr cc b cc gi ta kt cu thp ca ton b cng trnh hay tng
phn kt cu ring bit theo bin php thi cng c duyt.
6.2.3 S hiu trc nh v lp rp c ghi pha ngoi ng bin ca trc gi
kt cu.
S phn b cc trc nh v v cc mc chun b phi c tin hnh
theo ng yu cu trc c trong xy dng.
6.2.4 Sai lch vuh tr cc trc nh v ca mng v v tr ca cc v khc do
vi kch thc thit k c quy nh trong bng 11.
6.2.5 Cc chi tit t sn v cc bu lng neo dng kp cht v lp rp kt cu
phi c t v b tng ng thi vi vic lm mng.
6.2.6 Vic dng ct trn mng thc hin nh sau:

a) Trc khi dng loi ct phay mt gi ta, cn chnh v trm

va xi mng cho tm gi;
b) i vi cc loi ct phay mt gi ta, c th dng ngay ct
trn mi mng m khng cn trm xi mng nu t n cao trnh
thit k chn ct;
Bng 12 Sai lch cho php mt mng, tm gi, tr kt cu v v tr bu lng neo

Sai lch
Mt phng trn ca gi (theo iu 3.2.6.a)
a) Theo chiu cao

Tr s sai lch cho php

1,5mm

b) Theo nghing
B mt mng (theo iu 2.6b v cao cc chi tit
gi theo iu 3.2.6.c)
a) Theo chiu cao

5
1/1000

b) Theo nghing
X dch v tr bu lng neo khi:
a) Bu lng trong ng bin ca gi kt
cu
b) Bu lng neo ngoi ng bin ca gi

5mm
10mm

kt cu
Sai lch cao tnh ti u mt ca bu lng neo

20; - 0mm

Sai lch chiu di on ren ca bu lng neo

+30l 0mm

6.3-3 Cc phn t kt cu trc khi nng mang i lp rp phi lm sch cht

bn, hi m v sn li nhng ch h hng.
6.3.4 Khi nng cc kt cu b cong cn phi c dng c g hoc gia cng
nhm chng bin dng d cho kt cu.
6.3.5 Trc khi tho khi mc cu, cc phn t kt cu phi c c nh chc
chn bng bu lng, bng cht, hn nh, ng thi phi dng cc thanh
ging, thanh chng, thanh neo c nh hoc tm thi theo phng n th
cng.
6.3.6 Khi lp t kt cu, cc l ln kem bu lng c chnh xc cao phi c
lp bng bu lng tm- S lng bu lng lp tm khng c t hn 1/3

tng s l. Nu trong mt mt kt cu c s l t hn hoc bng 5 th s

bu lng lp tm khng t hn 2. Cc l lin kt bng bu lng c chnh
xc trung bnh v thp cng phi lp bng bu lng tm vi s lng nh
trn.
6-3.7 Trong lin kt bn lp rp c tnh n tc dng ca ti trung lp rp th s
lng tit din v chiu i cc im hn nh phi xc nh bng tnh
ton. Trong lin kt khng chu ti trng lp rp th chiu di hn nh
khng nh hn 10% chiu di mi hn thit k, nhng khng ngn hn
50mm.
6.3.8 Lp t, iu chnh v c nh kt cu phi c kim tra bng dng c v
theo tin trnh lp rp tng phn khng gian cng ca cng trnh.
6.3.9 Hn v lp rp cc bu lng c nh trong ch c thc hin sau khi
kim tra chnh xc ca v tr lp t kt cu trong cng trnh.
6.3.10 Ch c php g lp palng, h thng dy dn v cc thit b cu trc
vo kt cu lp t khi bin php thi cng ny c c quan thit k
ng .
6.3.11 Vic lp rp cc chi tit ca thit b in, ng oang sng ngh. h thng
tn hiuvo kt cu phi c s ng ca c quan thit k.
6.3.12 Lp rp nh v cng trnh kch thc ln phi tin hnh ng b gia tng
l v phn khng gian cng cng vi vic lp t tt c cc chi tit kt
cu. ng thi cho php c thc hin cc cng vic tip theo trn tng
phn hoc tc lp xong. Kch thc cc khi khng gian cng c
xc nh theo phng n thit k th cng,
6.4

Lin kt bng bu lng c chnh xc thp, trung bnh v cao.

6.4.1 u bu lng v cu ca bu lng thng v bu lng neo phi bt cht kht

vi cc phn t kt cu v rng en (khng qu 2 ci u v 1 ci
cu). Nu c tip xc vi mt phng nghing th phi t cc rng en
xin. Cn ch rng, phn thn ca bu lng c nh nh ra khi l phi l
phn c ren v sau khi bt cht bu lng phi c t nht 1 vng ren
nh ra khi cu.

6.4.2 Vic xit cht cu cc bu lng c nh v bu lng neo phi theo ng ch

dn trong bn v thi cng bng cch t cc cu hm. xit cht bu lng
c nh phi c kim tra bng cch g ba, bu lng khng b rung hoc
lch dch. xit cht c kim tra theo quy nh iu 4.4.5.
6.5

Lin kt bng bu lng cng cao.

6.5.1 Trc khi lp bu lng cng cao phi lm sch v mt cc chi tit,
hoc bng ngn la (khi b dy thp khng nh hn 5mm v ch khng
lm thp b qu nhit (, hoc bng cht thp. Phi kim tra b mt gia
cng trc khi lin kt bu lng cng cao.
6.2

so lch b dy gia cc chi tit gip mi c kim tra bng thc v

que d. Vic kim tra ny c tin hnh dy l u tin. Nu lch
nm trong khong t 0.5 n 3mm th mp chi tit b li ln phi c vt
vi dc 1/10. Khng cho php vt bng xy hoc bng h quang
khng kh. Nu so lch ln hn 3mm th phi dng cc tm m thp
c cng mc vi thp kt cu .

6.5.3 Lin kt bng bu lng cng cao phi c t hp bng bu lng c

nh. Khng c php dng cc bu lng tm thi.
6.5.4 Th lp rp bu lng cng cao phi c chuyn mn ho.
6.5.5 Bu lng cng cao, cu v rng en cn c lm sch cc cht bn,
du m trc khi lp rp.
6.5.6 Phi dm bo xit ca bu lng theo thit k bng c lc, cu c xit
li m men xon tnh ton hoc ti mt gc quy nh Cl lc gm 2
loi, cl thu lc v c hc. Pht hin chun cl 2 ln trong ca lm vic
( u v gia ca).
6.5.7 Trnh s xit bu lng cng cao phi bo m cht kh ca ton
cm.
6.5.8 Phi t cc rng en c x l nhit cu v u bu lng cng ao
nh sau:
Mt ci cu v m ci u bu lng.

6.5.9 Khi cu c xit chn ti m gc quy nh th khng c xit thm

na.
6.5.10 Trong kt cu va c lin kt bu lng va c lin kt hn th ch php
hn sau khi lp v kt xit cht ton b bu lng.
6.5.11 Sau khi xit cht bu lng, th rp rp phi ghi r s hoc k hiu ca
mnh vo .
6.5.12 xit ca bu lng phi c kim tra 100% i vi lin kt c s bu
lng khng qu coi lin kt c t 6 n 20 bu lng kim tra khng t hn 5
ci, lin kt c nhiu hn so bu lng kim a 25% s bu lng. Nu khi
kim tra pht hin d ch mt bu lng c xit cht khng t yu cu
th phi kim tra tng s bu lng, ng thi phi xit phi xit cht thm
bu lng ti tr s quy nh. Kim tra xong cc u bu lng phi c sn
li. Phi gh vo nht k cng trnh vic chun b cc mp chi tit v lp
rp bu lng cng cao.
6.6 To ng sut trc trong kt cu.
6.6.1 Vic to ng sut trc trong kt cu phi thc hin theo ch dn c qui
nh trong thit k
6.6.2 Nu thit k khng qui nh c th c th thc hin theo nguyn tc sau:
6.6.2.1. Trc khi to ng sut trc trong kt cu. Cp thp php c ko cng
vi mt lc bng 0,5 ln kp t.
6.6.2.2. i vi kt cu to ng sut bng cch ko cng th phi tho mn cc
yu cu sau:
a)

Ko cng cc phn t lm bng cp thp trn b vi lc ln hn 20%

lc thit k v gi trng thi ny trong thi gian 1 gii. Vic ko cng
cp trong khi lp rp cn c ghi chp bng vn bn, cn ko cng ti
x nghip gia cng cn c du ca b phn KCS

b)

To ng sut theo trnh t ko cng cp ti 50% ng sut thit k v gi

trng tho ny trong thi gian 10 pht quan st, o, sau b ko
cng thp ti ng sut thit k, sai lch cho php v ng sut tht k, sai
lch cho php v ng sut cc bc ko cng l 5%. Trong trng

hph c bit, khi c thit k cho php c th ko cng cp theo

nhiu bc cho ti ng sut thit k;
c)

Kim tra trng thi ca kt cu c tin hnh trong qu trnh lp rp

mi thi im trung gian v thi im kt thc.

6.6.3

ng sut trc ca kt cu c to bng phng php un cong phi

kim tra bng cch o thu chun v tr gi cc im quy nh, cng
nh thu chun kch thc hnh hc kt cu. Cc sai lch cho php phi
ph hp vi thit k.

6.6.4

Trong kt cu ng sut trc, khng c php hn v tr gn b thp

si cng nh cc v tr m thit k khng cho php.

6.6.5

Khng c php s dng thit b ko cng nu khng c l lch ghi cc

s hiu chun ca thit b .

6.6.6

Ngi ph trch to ng sut cho kt cu phi c o to k thut v

chuyn mn ny. Qu trnh to ng sut trc v kim tra ng sut
phi c ghi vo nht k thi cng.

6.7

Sn ph kt cu thp.

6.7.1

Kt cu trc khi sn ph hoc sn li phi lm sch vt g b mt v

lp sn cn bm dnh tt vo b mt thp) Th khng sn lt li.

6.7.2

Nhng ch sn lt hoc sn ph b h hang trong qu trnh vn chuyn

v trong lp rp phi c lm dch v sn li. Cc nt v cc ch gip
mi ca lin kt sau khi lp rp xong cng phi c sn li.

7.

Kim tra v nghim thu kt cu thp.

7.1

Qui dnh nghim thong suet

7.1.1

Mi kt cu trc khi xut xng phi c cn b k thut ca n v

ch to kim tra.

7.1.2

Khi nghim thu phi tun th mi thng s ca cu kin theo cc yu

cu:
- Ca tiu chun ny
- Ca cc tiu chun hoc ch dn k thut cho cc cu kin c th.
- Cc ti liu thit k.

7.1.3

Khi nghim thu kt cu sn xut hng lai th khi lng, phng php
v k hoch kim tra (k c khi lng la chn) phi c lp theo cc
tiu chun hoc ch dn k thut cho cc kt cu c th.

7.1.4

Khi nghim thu kt cu sn xut n chic v s lng nh. Bin php

v k hoch kim tra (k c khi lng la chn) phi c ch r trong
cc ti liu thit k.

7.1.5

Da vo yu cu v cht lng ca cu kin v cc thng s ca ch

lm vic theo yu cu ca cc ti liu ch r mc 7.1.2 qui nh
theo s liu kim tra u vo, kim tra ch to v kim tra nghim thu
trn c s danh mc ch tiu v php o c thng k trong bng 13
di y.

7.1.6

Kt qu kim tra vt t u vo, gia cng ch to v kim tra nghim

thu c ghi chp vo nht k kim tra k thut, cc ti liu th nghim
hoc cc ti liu khc.

7.1.7

Cc thng s kt qu kim tra phi c ghi vo cc ti liu nu trn v

phi p ng ng vi yu cu ca ti liu thit k cho kt cu.
Bng 13: Dng v cc thng s kim tra.

Dng kim tra

1
1. u vo

Cc thng s kim tra hoc chun on

2
S lng chi tit t hp, vt t u vo v phi (Loi v
mc thp, chng loi v kch thc hnh hc, mc sn, vt
liu hn v vt liu chng n mn; Khi lng gas hn

2. Ch to

v ct kim loi, chng loi bulng v ai c)

Kch thwocs hnh hc ca c, khun mu v dng c khc
Kch thc hnh hc ca chi tit v phi, k c kch thc
sau khi gia cng c kh
T hp cu kin hoc chi tit trc khi hn
S lng mi hn v mi lin kt bulng
S lng cc chi tit sn xut ri trong mt cu kin
Kch thc hnh hc ca cu kin
Khi lng chng n mn, k c vic chun b b mt sn
chng r v cc lp ph.

3. Nghim thu

3.1 kim tra theo Cc thng s ca cc nguyn cng cng ngh sn xut
kim tra tnh n nh ca qu trnh cng ngh thi cng v
chu k v th
kim tra s y khi lng cng vic kim tra vt liu
nghim
u vo v kim tra trong qu trnh thi cng
Trn c s t hp th kim tra tnh lp rp ca cc kt cu
Kh nng chu lc v cng
3.2 Kim tra v bn Kim tra s y cc ti liu kim tra u vo, ti liu
giao

kim tra trong qu trnh thi cng v s tun th ca chng

theo cc ti liu cng ngh.
Kim tra cc thng s hnh hc ca cu kin nh hng
n qu trnh t hp thit b
Kim tra bng mt thng cc cu kin
Kim tra t hp, bo v chng n mn, cc mi hn v cc
yu cu khc ca tiu chun, yu cu k thut v cc ti
liu thit k khc.
T hp, Ghi nh mc, ng goic

Ghi ch:
1. Kim tra kh nng t hp, kh nng chu lc v cng ca cu kin
phi thc hin nghim ngt, nu nh chng c quy nh trong cc
tiu chun, ch dn k thut v ti liu thit k cho cc kt cu c th.
2. chun on bng cch quan st bn ngou nhm kim tra cc yu ci
cu ca tiu chun vi mc ch xc nh v tr c th ra khuyt tt
ca cu kin.
7.2

Kim tra vt liu u vo.

7.2.1 Ton b cc vt liu c s dng ch to kt cu thp trc khi a

vo thi cng u phi c kim tra. Kim tra vt liu u vo v chi tit
t hp c thc hin theo tiu chun do thit k qui nh.
7.2.2 Vic kim tra vt liu u vo cn phi kim tra xut x ca vt liu v
cc thng s c l tnh ca vt liu. Vic kim tra c l tnh ca vt liu
cn c s h tr ca cc phng th nghim hp chun.
7.3

Kim tra trong qu trnh sn xut

7.3.1 Vic kim tra ch to c thc hin theo ti liu cng ngh ca nh ch
to. Khi lng kim tra phi nh gi cht lng cc nguyn cng
thc hin. Cng tc kim tra phi thc hin theo yu cu ca cc tiu
chun hoc ch dn k thut ch dn k thut v ti liu thit k cho kt
cu.
7.3.2 Thnh phn cc thng s kim tra trong qu trnh kim tra v ton b
cng tc kim tra, cng nh chnh xc v tnh n nh ca cc thng s
ca ch cng ngh ca cc nguyn cng ch to phi tun theo cc tiu
chun ca h thng cng ngh thng nht ca vic chun b sn xut theo
cc tiu chun tng ng do n v thit k ch nh
7.3.3 i vi cc cu kin sn xut n chic v sn xut lot nh vic kim tra
ton b c th thc hin theo mc 7.3.1 v 7.3.2 ca tiu chun ny. Nu
nh gi tr thc t ca mt tng s bt k vt ra khi gii hn cho php
th chi tit ny b loi v khi khi lng chi tit cn kim tra ca lot sn
phm tng gp i. Trong trng hp kim tra ln hai nu cc chi tit lt
u sai cng mt lot thng s th ton b lot sn phm phi ch to li
v tin hnh kim tra nh c.
7.1

Kim tra nghim thu

7.4.1 Khi kim tra nghim thu tin hnh nghim thu cc chi tit ch to xong
v mt cht lng da trn cc s liu kim tra vt liu u vo, kim tra
trong qu trnh thi cng, kim tra theo chu k kim tra b sung.
7.4.2 Vic kim tra chu k c thc hin theo nh k, n c qui nh trong
cc ti liu cng ngh ca nh ch to, hoc ngoi k hoch, trong trng
hp thc hin khi kim tra nghim thu thng xuyn theo yu cu ca ti
liu tiu chun hoc ti liu thit k.
7.4.3 Khi kt qu kim tra nh k trong t kt qu, kt cu xng phi c
nh du cho n khi loi b c ht nguyn nhn gy khuyt tt.
7.4.4 Kim tra nghim thu mi loi kt cu phi thc hin theo danh mc ch
tiu v cc chun on c thng k bng 14. khi la chn kim tra
n cuh sn phm, k c vic t hp, khi lng phi c quy nh theo

yu cu ca mc 5.3 v 5.4; khi kim tra c th cho tng n v sn

phm.
7.4.5 Ngi s dng c quyn tin hnh kim tra vt t u vo ca cc sn
phm, lc ny s dng qui tc kim tra nghim thu c qui dnh theo
tiu chun ny, theo cc tiu chun v yu cu k thut hoc ti liu thit
k cho cc kt cu c th.
7.5

Phng php kim tra

7.5.1 Vic kim tra chi tit do b phn kim tra ca n v ch to v c quan
kim tra thc hin.
Bng 14: Thng s v loi kim tra
Danh mc thng s kim tra
Loi v thng s kim tra
Cc ti liu v kim tra vt t u Kim tra xem c cc ti liu cc thng s
vo v kim tra thi cng
tng ng hay khng
kim tra kch thc hnh hc cu o cht lng mi hn
kin (ca cc chi tit) nh hng
n cng tc lp rp
Bng mt thng, theo yu cu ca Khi pht hin khuyt tt, kim tra theo
mc 4.10.8

mc 5.7.4.2 lc ny khi lng kim tra

thc hin theo bng 4

Cht lng bulng v cc lin kt Mt thng
o c
inh tn
Ngoi hnh v chiu dy ca lp bo v Mt thng
o chiu dy
*Khi tra nghin cu cht lng mi hn, cc v tr kim tra phi c lm sch
lp bo v chng n mn.
7.5.2 Loi phng php kim tra sn phm phi ly c theo s liu ca tiu
chun ny cc tiu chun v iu kin k thut cho cc kt cu c th ca
vic sn xut hng loi nh v sn xut n chic, nu nh c qui nh
ring cho chng.
7.5.3 Vic la chn cc phng php v dng c o c cc thng s hnh hc
ca cu kin kim tra phi thc hin theo tiu chun do dn v thit k qui
nh

7.5.4 Qui tc thc hin vic o c cc thng s hnh hc phi c ly theo

tiu chun do n v thit k qui dnh
7.5.5 Vic kim tra cht lng lm sch v lm sch ht du m c thc hin
theo tiu chun do n v thit k qui nh
7.5.6 B ngoi ca lp bo v c kim tra bng mt thng theo tiu chun
TCXDVN 334 : 2005 cho cc lp ph phi kim v theo tiu chun
TCXDVN 334 : 2005 cho lp sn hon thin.
7.5.7 Vic kim tra chiu dy lp ph cn thc hin bng phng php thng
ph bng cch s dng cc thit b kim tra chiu dy theo tiu chun
TCXDVN 352 : 2005: sn. Phng php khng ph hu chiu dy mng
sn kh. Kt qu ly gi tr bnh qun ca 5 im o cho mi v tr kim
tra.
7.5.8 cht ca lp ph, do, bn, vic th nghim un v cc yu cu
khc i vi lp ph nh chng c qui nh trong ti liu thit k hoc
ti liu tiu chun phi c kim tra theo trnh t c qui nh.
7.5.9 Vic kim tra tnh ng b, vic ghi nhn mc, v ng gi phi c
thc hin theo yu cu ca iu 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 ca tiu chun ny.
7.6

H s nghim thu kt cu thp gm

Bn v kt cu v bn v kt cu chi tit c ph duyt;
Vn bn thay i thit k khi gia cng v lp rp.
Danh sch v s hiu th hn c chng ch hp cch hn kt cu;
Vn bn nghim thu v mng, gi kt cu v chi tit t sn;
Cc chng ch v vt liu thp, vt liu hn, sn;
Vn bn kt qu kim tra cht lng hn;
Vn bn nh gi trc khi sn;
Vn bn hon cng (sai lch kch thc, cong vnh, vng ca kt
cu);
Vn bn th nghim kt cu (nu c)
Vn bn kim tra cht lng sn;

Nht k thi cng (ghi r s thay i v thit k, din bin thi cng v cng
tc hn, lp rp).

Ph lc A
(Bt buc)
Yu cu i vi cht lng mi hn
Bng P1 Nhng khuyt tt cho php
Khuyt tt cho php theo mc
cht lng
Danh mc
c tnh khuyt tt theo
khuyt tt
hnh dng v kch thc
Trung
Cao
Thp
bnh
1. Vt nt
Vt nt cc loi, kch Khng cho php
Bt rng
thc v hng
Din tch ti a so vi din 1%
2%
3%
tch mi hn thit k
on nh gi
Kch thc ti a ca mt
bt
Hn gip mi
d0,2S
d0,25S
d0.3S
Mi hn gc
d0,2K
d0,25K
d0.3K
Nhng khng ln hn
3mm
4mm
5mm
Bt tch t
Tng din tch ti a ca 4%
8%
16%
cc bt so vi din tch
on khuyt tt ca mi
hn**
Kch thc ti a ca bt
Hn gip mi
d0,2S
d0,25S
d0.3S
Mi hn gc
d0,2K
d0,25K
d0.3K
Nhng khng ln hn
2mm
3mm
4mm
Khong cch gia cc bt L12t
L12t
L12t
Khuyt tt di
Khng cho php
Khuyt tt ngn
Mi hn gip mi
d0,2S
d0,25S
d0.3S
Mi hn gc
d0,2K
d0,25K
d0.3K
Nhng khng ln hn
2mm
3mm
4mm
kch thc ti da ca bt L12t
L12t
L12t
kh hoc
5. Ngm x
Khuyt ti di
Khng cho php
Khuyt tt ngn
Mi hn i u
d0,2S
d0,25S
d0.3S
Mi hn gc
h0,2K
h0,25K
h0.3K
kch thc ngm x ti a 2mm
3mm
4mm
6.Ln ng, Ln kim kim loi khng Khng cho php
volfram v ng nht
cc kim loi

khc
7.
Hn
khng thu
v
khng
nng chy

Khuyt tt di
Nh trn
Khuyt tt ngn
Khng cho php
Mi hn gip mi
h0,1S
Mi hn gc
h0,1K
Khong cch gia cc
Max 2mm
khuyt tt
L12t
Khng nng chy
Khng cho php
8.Hn khng
Khng
Khng cho php khuyt
thu (khng
cho php tt di
nng chy ht
Khuyt tt ngn
h0,1S ti h0,2 Ti
a: 1,5mm a: 2mm

9.
khng Khe h qu ln hoc
m bo khe khng khe h gia cc
h trong lin chi tit.
kt ch T

h<0,5m h<0,5mm h<1mm +

m
+ + 0,15K 2K
max
0,1K
max 3mm 4mm
max
2mm

Khe h qu ln trong mt
s trng hp c th cn
bng bng cch tng chiu
di cnh vung gc ca
mi hn
10. Chuyn Vic chuyn tip t b mt h0,5mm h1mm
tip
mi hn snag b mt thp
c bn phi iu n

h1,2mm

11. li
Hn i u

Vic chuyn tip t b mt h1mm

mi hn dang b mt thp + 0,1b
c bn phi u n
Max
5mm

h1mm + h1mm
0,15b
0,25b

Max 7mm

Max 10mm

Max 4mm

Max 5mm

Hn gc

Max
3mm

12 tng tng cnh gc vung

cnh
gc mi hn ca phn ln mi
vung mi hn gc khng phi l
hn
nguyn nhn ph ti

h<1mm
h<1mm + h<1mm +
+ 0,1K 0,15K
2K
max
max
max 3mm 4mm
2mm

13
Gim
cnh
gc
vung

Khng Khuyt tt di khng cho

cho php php
Khuyt tt ngn
h0,3mm+0,1K
Max 1mm Max 2mm

14 i li y mp mi hn qu h<0,1m h<0,1mm h<0,1mm +

mp mi hn nng
m + 0,3b +
0,6b 1,2b
max
max
max 3mm 4mm
2mm

15.

khng thng
hng
mp
mi hn

Hnh A cc tm v mi hn
h0,1t
h0,15t
h0,25t
Max
Max 4mm Max 5mm
3mm
Hnh B mi hn vng
h0,2t
h0,3t
h0,5t Max
Max
Max 4mm 5mm
3mm

16.
Hn Vic chuyn tip t b mt Khng cho php khuyt tt di
khng
mi hn sang b mt thp
y(Mi hn c bn phi u n
b lm)
Khuyt tt ngn
h0,05t
h0,1t
h0,2t
max o,5mm max 1mm max 2mm
17. Mi hn khc nhau gia cc h1,5mm+
khng i cnh ca mi hn nu nh 0,1K
xng
chng khng c cp h=K1+K2
n nu nh chng khng
c cp dn trong ti
liu thi cng
h = K1+K2

h2mm+
0,1K

h2mm+0
,15K

18. li Vic chuyn tip t b mt h0,5mm

y mi hn mi hn sang b mt thp
c bn phi u n

h1mm

h1,5mm

19. Hn trn
20.
Cung
chy khng
tt
21. Qu la
hoc
qu
chy
kim
lic
bn.
S bm dnh
kim
loi
nng chy.
S xc b
mt
kim
loi. Vt bo
hoc ct. S
mng
ca
kim loi
22. Tp hp
cc khuyt
tt theo tit
din ngang
ca mi hn

Khng cho php

B mt mi hn cc b Khng
cho Cho php
khng phng do phi hn php
li
H hang cc b do hu Bt buc phi sa cha
qu ca cung chy pha
ngoi mi hn
x hn bm dnh vo b
mt kim loi
H hang b mt kim loi
do vic ty cc thit b g
hn
H hang cc b do mi
hoc ct
S gim chiu y kim
loi do bo
Tng chiu cao ti a ca Cho s 10mm, K8mm
cc khuyt tt ngn h:
0,15S
0,2S
h1+ h2+ h3+h4+h5+h6h
0,15K
0,2K
Cho s>10mm, K>8mm
0,20S
0,25S
0,2k
0,25k
Max
Max
10mm
10mm

0,25S
0,2K
0,3S
0,3k
Max 10mm

*Din tch hnh chiu ca mi hn ln mt phng song song vi b mt

lin kt bng tch chiu rng nhn vi chiu di mi hn ca mt on
nh gi khuyt tt.

** Tng din tch bt tch t c tnh bng % ca din tch ln ca hai

din tch: B mt bao quanh cc bt hoc l ng trn vi ng knh
chiu rng mi hn.
Ghi ch:
1. Khuyt tt di - l mt hoc mt s khuyt tt ca tng chiu di
ln hn 25mm cho mi 100mm mi hn hoc ti thiu 25% chiu di
mi hn di 100m.
2. khuyt tt ngn- l mt trong nhng khuyt tt hoc mt s khuyt
tt vi tng chiu di di 25mm cho mi 100mm mi hn hoc ti a
25% chiu di mi hn di 100mm.
3. K hiu
S- dy mi hn i du danh nh, mm
K- Gi tr cnh gc vung danh nh ca mi hn gc, mm
B-Chiu dy thc t ca mi hn i u.
Kf- Tr s thc cnh gc vung ca mi hn gc
T- Chiu dy kim loi, mm
d- ng knh bt,mm
h- kch thc (Chiu cao hoc chiu rng) khuyt tt,mm
L- Khong cch gia cc khuyt tt hoc cc on khuyt tt, mm
Ph lc B
(Tham kho)
Dung sai gii hn so vi kch thc thit k
trong kt cu khung nh cng trnh
Bng P2.1 Dung sai chiu di ca cc kt cu v chi tit hn.
Chiu di danh nh, mm
T 2500 n 4000
T trn 4000 n 8000
T trn 8000 n 16000
T 16000 n 25000

Gi tr dung sai gii hn, mm vi h

0,25
2,0
2,5
3,0
4,0

s chnh xc K
0,40
3,0
4,0
5,0
6,0

0,60
5,0
6,0
8,0
10

Trn 25000
5,0
8,0
12
Ghi ch: Cho cc kt cu xy dng khi K= 0,25 mc t hp 100% khi K =
0.4-0,98%, Khi K= 0.6 Khng di 90%

Bng P2.2 Dung sai theo ng cho

Chiu di danh nh, mm

Gi tr dung sai gii hn, mm vi h

s chnh xc K
0,25
0,40
0,60
T 2500 n 4000
2,0
3,0
5,0
T trn 4000 n 8000
2,5
4,0
6,0
T trn 8000 n 16000
3,0
5,0
8,0
T 16000 n 25000
4,0
6,0
10,0
Trn 25000
5,0
8,0
12,0
Ghi ch Trong bng C1 v C.2 H s chnh xc K xc nh theo tiu chun
GOST 21779