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ee a TAA IN RPOPRILE HOMERICE 2 Dans Ylliade, les Thraces apparalssent surout dans le chant X }. 208 ‘si urm.; G.'S Kirk, Objective Dating Criteria in Homer, Museum Helv Heum, XVIt. 3060, p. 194; "A. M. Snodgrass, Barly’ Greek Armour and Weapons, Py ‘MAHATL WaSILESCU 2 triva Troiei4, eveniment petrecut, conform, sistematizirli cronografilor antici, tn. cea de a doua jumatate a mileniului Il Len.%, aceasta idee se considera confirmata Ge descoperitile arheologice corespunzitoare cpocii bronzului de pe teritoriul Tocuit Ge veehit traci, precum si de interpretarea in sens mycenian a personajelor mitice fracice care apar in epos sau a unor divinltati tracice intrate in pantheonul grec. ‘Cum in Iliada traeil — unil dintre principalii aliafi ai trofenilor — sint infa- tisati ca find In posesia nel civillzatli cu nimic inferioard celel aheene™, invatatii ‘Au Incercat si gAseasea_un corespondent al acestei civilizafii In culturiie pre~ 31 proto-istorice din sudul Balcanilor si de pe coastele Marii Egee, Perioadele istorice Minate de accasté comparatie au fost, desigur, cele corespunzitoare ultimel parti A epoeti brongalut’ 1. primel para epocil terului in care se cuprind. secolele TX=VIt Lem Elementele de comparatle oferite de epopel sint armele de atne si de aparare, imbrdcdmintea, caii #1 atelajele, tactica de lupta etc. th ciuda lipsei unor corespondenfe arheologice sigure’, aspectul destul de sirdecios al culturit materiale tracice din sccolelele IX—VIT'Lemn,, in comparaile Ca imaginea fastuoas a prineipilor traci homerici®, a facut pe un numar de Cercetitori sé considere e&, mai degrabé, clvilizatiatracilor homerici isi sAseste ele mal_multe apropieri in epoca bronzului tracic, unde aspectul general al cealturls materiale, legaturile cu Tumea myceniand, sugereaza 0 lume mai prosperd ®. ‘Aceastd. coneluzie, formulata inca din 1990 de cunnscutul Invatat_ bulgar G. 1. Kezarov in eapitolul privitor la Tracla din The Cambridge Ancient History", TC M, P. Nilsson, The Mycenoean Origin of Greek Mythology, Berkeley— California, 182 | idem, Homer and Myeenae, London, 1995; C. M. Bowra, Homer Gnd his Forerunnes, Bdinburgh, 1963, ‘p. 24 sh urm.;/C. H. Whitman, Homer and the Heroic Tradition, Cambridge Mass, 195%, p. 23 si urm.; D. L. Page, History Gnd the Homerle Iliad, Berkeley—California, 1959, p. 169 31 urm.; TB. L, Web- Ster, Prom Mycenae to Homer, London, 1960; A! J. BL Wace, in’ A. J. B. Wace- F'jx’ ‘Subbings, A Companion to Homer, London, 1962, p. ‘325 si urm.; G. S. 4k, The Songs of Homer, Cambridge, 1962; A. Heubeck, Die homerische Frage GErtrige der Forschung, Band 27), Darmstadt, 1974. S Pentru aceste probleme veal in general, E. J. Forsydyke, Greece before Homer Ancient Chronology and Mythology, London, 1956; B. S. Andrew. The Polls of Troy. in Greek Tradition, in Greece and Rome, Second Series, XU, 1, 4965, p. 28 si urm.; M, Vasilescu, La guerre de Troie et les inscriptions du liné- tire B, Analele Universitayii yal. 1, Cuza" layi, XIX, 1, S. 151, 1978, p. 1 si urm, ct. G.I. Kazarov, CAH, VIII, 1990, p. 334 1 Este vorba, desigur, de finele ieiladicutui, gului se termind cova. mai Wraiu ca in Grecia, catre 1100 ie, La Bulgarie @ Vage du bronze, Studia Balcantca, W, p. 55, WN Et_H. Danow, Zum Kriegswessen.., p. 89 sh urm.; idem, Drevna Traktja, peal um, * Faem, Zum Kriegswessen.., p. 40 ‘naga spre exempliy, E. Condurachi, op. cit, p. 253: les Thraces, de Ho- mére sont ies hommes de T’age du bronze, dont le faste et la richesse répondent BNGn Certain moment de la evilsation batkanigue de la fin du Tie. milienare, Cette imaue contraste avec celle des premiers siécles du millénaire suivant, ca. Factérises par une civilisation beaucoup plus simple, sinon trés primitive, qui hmuarque les débuts du_premier age du fer"; cf. si Studii si cercetart de Istorie eche, XX, 2, 1968, p. 273. “i Vol, VIII, pr 834 Although archaclogical exploration of the regions in- habited by. the ‘Thracians ‘is tll in its Infancy, it is already clear that by the middle of the second millenium B.C, the tribes there had developed a floru- Fisihing Bronze Age civilisation, The political and social life of the people at {his period must have corresponded to that Achaeans as apearing in the Tliad” ; idem! Traklja © Omirovija epos, In Tv. Ist, XI—XTI, 1992, p. 122—135, dar cf, 1 aluziile lui V. Parvan, Getica, Bucuresti, 1926, p. 203: ,Cind sépaturile 1 fel, In Tracia, epoca bron- ‘cf Ve Mikov, ISTORIE POLITICA $1 SOCIAL - ECONOMICA ‘TRACI IN EPOPEILE HOMERICE MIHALL VASILESCU Ne propunem, In cele ce urmeazi, si redeschidem diseutla privitoare ta eva~ Iuarea epocil cfreia apartin tracii din epopeile homerice. Aceasta pentru ch cerce: virile recente ale Invatatllor tracologi tind, cu pufine excep ', s& acrediteze idela ce tracit homerici apartin epoell bronzclui? sic, mai mult, oamenii lui Pelroos, ‘Acamas 41 Rhesos au fost participanti reali la rdzboiul troian ‘Sprijinita In general pe opinia c& epopelle homerice au ca punct de plecare poeria epicd orali myceniand care avea ca sublect central rfzbolul abeilor impo- TCE D. P, Dimitrov, Tralejskata grobna_nachodka og e. Dablok, Staroza- gorsko Raskopki 4 proutvanija, IV, 199, p, 235237 (inaccesibil) ; H. Danov, Zum Kriegswessen der alter Thraker wahrend der Periode der. Militardemokratie, Studit Clasice, Til, 1961, p. 39 sf urm.; idem, Social and Economie Bvotution of the Thra- cians in Homeric, Archaic and Classical Times, Btudes historiques @ Voccasion iu Xi-e congris international des sciences historiques, T, Sofia, 1960, p. 3 si urm idem, Drevna Trakija, Sofia, 1969, p. 178 si urm.; G. J, Mihailov, Liethnogenese des peupier balkaniques. Symposium international sur Tethnogenese des peuples batkaniques, Plovdiv. 29—28 avril 1969 (Studia Balcanica, V, Sofia, 1971), in le~ ‘gatura cu comuniearea Tui V. Velkov. 2 J, Wiesner, Die Thraker, Stuttgart, 1968, p. 33-33; V. Velkov, Thraker und Phruger nach den Epen Homers, Studia Boleanica, V, "1071, p. 279 st urm. 5 E Condurachi, L’Bthnogencse dee peuples balkaniques * les’ sources éerites, Studia Batcanica, V, p. 252 si urm.; V, Geortiev, La thrarologie > état actuel, in Thracia. Primus Congressus studiorum thracteorum, vol. 1, Serdicae, 1974, p."18 st urm. Lr divkova, Le Tombeau de Kazanlak, Sotia, 1974, p. 6 si urm.;\Al. Fol, Lune politique thraco-péonienne jusqwae Iil-e siécle av-ne, Btudes’ Mstoriques, VIL, Sofia, 1978, p. 19 si urm.; idem, Rapports entre ta culdure grecque et te monde thrace, Assimilation et résistance a In culture gréco-romaine dans le monde ancien (ravoux du Vi-e Congres International d'Etudes Classiques, Madrid, septembrie 1974, réunis et présentés par D. M, Pippidi), Bucuresti—Paris, 1976, p. 265; cf. D. P, Dimitrav, Troia VII b2 und die thrakischen und mbsischen Stamme, Studia Balcanica, V, Sofia, 1971, p. 66 si urm, TT" A.’ Gindin, LinguistiGeskij isommentarij k upominanju deuck grupt fra- kijskich’ plemen v qlliade", Doklady i soobsCenija sovetskot delegate... Mejdu- narodnyi sdead po teuéeniju stranu 10-go Vostonolj Evropy (Bucharest, 410 sent~ Jabrija, 1974), Moskva, 1974, p, 1 si urm. ale extrasului,

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