PLANNING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF

A HOSPITAL BUILDING

A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
SASI VIJAYALAKSHMI.T
VIJAYALAKSHMI.K
MARIYAMMAL.S
In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree
Of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING

SREE SOWDAMBIKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,

ARUPPUKOTTAI.
ANNA UNIVERSITY :: CHENNAI 600 025

NOV / DEC - 2015

PLANNING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF

A HOSPITAL BUILDING

A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
SASI VIJAYALAKSHMI.T (921812103036)
VIJAYALAKSHMI.K (921812103055)
MARIYAMMAL.S (921812103307)

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

Of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING

SREE SOWDAMBIKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,

ARUPPUKOTTAI.
ANNA UNIVERSITY :: CHENNAI 600 025

NOV / DEC 2015

ANNA UNIVERSITY : CHENNAI 600 025

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report PLANNING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF

A HOSPITAL BUILDING is the bonafide work of VIJAYALAKSHMI. K
SASI VIJAYALAKSHMI.T, , MARIYAMMAL.S who carried out the project
work under my supervision.

SIGNATURE

SIGNATURE

Mr. JOHN SURESHKUMAR. M.E.,

Mrs. D. GAYATHRI. M.E.,

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT,

PROJECT GUIDE,

Department of Civil Engg.,

Asst. Professor., (civil)

Sree Sowdambika College of Engg

Sree Sowdambika College of Engg

Aruppukottai

Aruppukottai

INTERNAL EXAMINER

EXTERNAL EXAMINER

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
At the outset I would like to express my praise and gratitude of God Almighty for
his supreme guidance, strength and ways for accomplishing this project
successfully.
I reverently thank the Principal Dr.M.Sivakumar M.Tech.,Ph.D for his prayer.
I highly thankMr.C.John Sureshkumar M.E., Head of the Department, Civil
Engineering, for providing necessary facilities for the successful completion of
this project work.
I sincerely thank Mrs.D.Gayathri M.E., Assistant professor, Department of Civil
Engineering for her guidance and for providing necessary facilities and
encouragements for the successful completion of this project work.
We thank all Assistant professors, Non-teaching staffs of our department, and our
friends who gave encouraged us to complete the project.

Sasi vijayalakshmi.T

(921812103036)

Vijayalakshmi.K

(921812103055)

Mariyammal.S

(921812103307)

ABSTRACT

Multispeciality hospital building provides medical service to the people. The main
purpose of our project is satisfies the medical needs of people. In this project we
concerned about the plan, analysis and design of Multispeciality hospital building.The
plan of the hospital building is done by using AUTO CADD software. The analysis of
structures were done by using STAAD.Pro as well as IS 456:2000 Code of practice for
plain and reinforced cement concrete. The design of RCC slab, beam, column, footing
and stair case is based on working stress method as per IS 456:2000 code.

INDEX

Tables No
1
2

List of tables
Beam End moment and forces
Reinforcement details

Figure No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

List of figures
Site layout
Ground floor plan
First floor plan
Second floor plan
Beam and Column position Diagram
Model structure in STAAD.Pro
Load application on model structure
Bending moment Diagram
Shear Force Diagram
Displacement diagram of whole structures
Reinforcement Details of Footing
Reinforcement Details of Column
Reinforcement Details of Beam
Reinforcement Details of Slab
Reinforcement Details of Staircase

LIST OF SYMBOLS
Symbols
A
Ast
B
Bp
D
D
Fck
Fy
Ftt
Fct
Finf
G
H
L
LL
Lp
M
Md
Mumax
P
Pu
Q
Qo
S
V
W
We
Symbols
Xu
c
v

Description
Cross section area
Area of transverse reinforcement for torsion
Breadth of beam
Width of pedestal
Effective width of span
Effective depth of span
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete
Characteristis strength of steel
Allowable tensile stress in concrete initial transfer of
prestress
Allowable compressive stress in concrete initial transfer of
prestress
Prestress in concrete at bottom of section (inferior)
Distributed dead load or acceleration due to gravity
Overall depth of section
Effective span
Live load
Length of pedestal
Bending moment
Design moment (serviceability limit state)
Maximum of moment Mux and Muy per meter length at the
face of pedestal
Prestressing force
Net ultimate upward soil pressure
Live load
Allowable bearing capacity of the soil
Spacing of stirrup links
Shear force
Distributed load per unit area
Weight of soil
Description
Neutral axis depth
Ultimate shear stress in concrete
Shear stress due to transverse shear
7

Unit
Mm
Mm2
Mm
Mm
Mm
Mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
N/mm2
N/mm2
N/mm2
KN/m
Mm
Mm
KN/m2
Mm
KNm
KNm
KNm
N/mm2
KN
KN/m2
N/mm2
Mm
KN
KN/m2
KN/m3
Unit
Mm
N/mm2
N/mm2

uc
SL.NO

Shear stress of concrete in footing

CHAPTER
NO

CONTENTS
Acknowledgement
Abstract
List of Tables
List of Figures
List of Symbols

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

Introduction
1.1.General
1.1.1.Soil investigation
1.1.2.Specification of structure
1.1.3.Code provisions
1.2.Objectives and methodology
1.3.Analysis of Framed Structure
1.3.1.Method of Analysis
1.3.2.Maximum BM in Beams & Columns
1.4.Design of RCC Framed Structural Elements
1.4.1.Footing
1.4.2.Column
1.4.3.Beam
1.4.4.Slab
1.4.5.Staircases
Plan
2.1.Faclilities in Ground floor
2.2.Facilities in First, Second & Third floor
Analysis of Framed Structure
3.1.Technical data
3.1.1.Loads acting on the Analysis structure
3.1.2.Super structure dimensions
3.1.3.Soil characteristics
3.1.4.Foundation
3.1.5.Structural system
3.1.6.Building details
3.1.7.Material specification
3.2.Load calculation
8

N/mm2

29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

5
6

3.3.STAAD.Pro Reports
Design of Structural Elements
4.1.Design of slab
4.2.Design of beams
4.3.Design of Columns
4.4.Design of Staircase
4.5.Design of Footing
Conclusion
Bibliography

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1.GENERAL:
We will propose to construct a Multispeciality hospital building in Tenkasi (near
Tenkasi to Madurai road).
1.1.1.SOIL INVESTIGATION:
The safe bearing capacity of the soil is found as 200 KN/m2. The depth of the
footing is taken to 1.5m, the rectangular footing is to be designed.
1.1.2.SPECIFICATION OF STRUCTURES:

The building roof is designed as RCC.

All the framed structure like column,footing,beam,lintels and roof are
designed in working stress methods and IS 456:2000. Grade of concrete
M20, Grade of steel Fe 415.

The flooring concrete of plain cement concrete using broken stone will be
finished with marbles.

All the surface will be plastered and all ceiling areas.

Weathering coarse will be provided with brick jelly and lime concrete, top
finished with flat tiles.

All the joineries like doors, windows and ventilators are designed to meet
the standard code provisions.

10

 Lump sum provisions have been made towards the sanitary arrangements,
electrification, elevation and water supply arrangements, supplying and
fixing of furnitures and petty supervision charges.

1.1.3.CODE PROVISIONS:
IS 456:2000
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE 1970

1.2.OBJECTIVE AND METHODOLOGY

The objectives of our project are
To prepare architectural and structural drawings.
To analysis a Multispeciality hospital building (G+2) storied using
STAAD.Pro
To design a Multispeciality hospital building is (G+2).

11

The methodology is given in the following flow chart,

SELECTION OF SITE

SURVEYING

AUTO CAD DRAWING

ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE

DESIGN OF STRUCTURE

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

12

1.3.ANALYSIS OF FRAMED STRUCTURE:

The method by which multispeciality hospital building frames resist horizontal
lateral forces depends upon how the structures has be laid down or planned to bear
these loads.
1.3.2.MAXIMUM BENDING MOMENTS IN BEAMS AND COLUMNS:
The magnitude of bending moments in beams and columns depends upon their
relative rigidity. Generally the beams and columns are made of the same dimension
in alla floors. Beams and columns are made of the same dimension and provided.
1.4.DESIGN OF RCC FRAMED STRUCTURES:
Reinforced cement concrete members can be designed by one of the following
methods.
A) Limit state method.
B) Working stress method.
1.4.B.WORKING STRESS METHOD:
This is conventional method adopted in the past in the design of R.C.
structures.
It is based on the elastic theory in which materials, concrert and steel, are
assumed to be stressed well above their elastic limit under the load.
1.4.1.SLABS:
A slab is a thin flexible member used in floors and roofs of structures to
support the imposed load.
13

 Slabs are the primary members of a structure,which supports the imposed

loads directly on them and transfer the same safely to the supporting
elements such as beams,walls, columns etc.
1.4.2.BEAMS:
A beam has to be generally designed for the actions such as bending
moments, shear forces and twisting moments developed by the lateral loads.
The size of the beam is designed considering the maximum bending moment
in it and generally kept uniform throughout its length.
IS 456 2000 recommends that maximum grade of concrete should not be
less than M25 in R.C. works.
1.4.2.1.BREADTH OF BEAMS:
It shall not exceed the size of the supports.Generally the breadth of beam is
kept as 1/3 of its depth.
1.4.2.2.DEPTH OF BEAMS:
The depth of beams is to be designed to satisfy the strength and stiffness
requirements.
It also satisfies sufficient M.R. and deflection check as recommendeb in
IS 456:2000.
For preliminary analysis purpose over II depth of beam may assumed to be
1/10 of clear span for simply supported and 1/7 to 1/5 for continuous and
cantilever beam.
1.4.3.COLUMN:
Members in compression are called are columns or struts.
14

 The term column is reserved for members who transfer loads to the
ground.
The column is classified in two based on the slenderness ratio, they are short
column and long column.
End condition

Effective length factor

1.Both end fixed

0.65L

2.One end fixed, one end hinged

0.80L

3.Both ends hinged

1.00L

4.One end fixed other end free

2.0L

1.4.4.FOOTINGS:
Foundation is the bottom most important component of a structure.
It should be well planned and carefully done to ensure the safety and
stability of the strucuture.
Foundation provided for R.C. column are called columb base.
1.4.4.1.BASIC REQUIREMENTS OF FOOTING:
It should withstand the applied load moments and induced reactions.
Sufficient area should be provided according to soil pressure.

1.4.5.STAIRCASES:

15

 Stairway,staircase or simply stairs for a construction designed to bridge a

large vertical distance by dividing it into smaller vertical distances called
steps.
Stairs may be straight,round, or may consist of two or more straight pieces
connected at angles.
The step is composed of the tread and riser
TREAD:
It is constructed to the same specifications as any other flooring. The tread depth is
measured from the outer edge of the step to the vertical riser between steps. The
width is measured from one side to the other.
RISER:
The vertical portion between each treads on the stair. This may be missing for an
open stair effect.

16

CHAPTER 2
PLAN

2.1.FACILITIES IN GROUND FLOOR:

The ground floor consists of scan room emergency ward and ramp facilities are
provided.
2.2.FACILITIES IN FIRST, SECOND & THIRD FLOOR:
The first,second floor consist of intensive care unit, operation theatre and ramp
facilities provided.

17

18

19

20

21

CHAPTER 3
ANALYSIS OF FRAMED STRUCTURE

The method by which multispeciality hospital building frames resist

horizontal lateral forces depends upon how the structures has be laid down or
planned to bear these loads.
3.1.TECHNICAL DETAILS:
3.1.1.LOADS ACTING ON THE ANALYSIS STRUCTURE:
1.DEAD LOAD:
=

-1KN/m2

For floor slabs

2 KN/m2

For roof slabs

1.5 KN/m2

For staircase

4 KN/m2

(1.5 D.L) + (1.5 L.L)

Self weight
2.LIVE LOAD:

3.LOAD COMBINATION:
Load combination

3.1.2.SUPER STRUCTURE DIMENSIONS:

Floor wall thickness

250mm

Parapet wall thickness

250mm

Parapet wall height

800mm
22

Slab thickness

150mm

Column size

250mm x 500mm

Rectangular beam

500mm x 250mm

Depth of beam

500mm

Breadth of web

250mm

Floor finishes load

0.6 KN/m2

Weathering coarse

1 KN/m2

BEAM SIZE:

DEAD LOADS:

LIVE LOADS:
Live load on slab

5 KN/m2

Live load on roof

3 KN/m2

3.1.3.SOIL CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil consistency

Hard strata

Bearing capacity

200 KN/m2

250mm x 500mm

3.1.4.FOUNDATION:
Size

23

3.1.5.STRUCTURE SYSTEM:
Type of building
structure

=
=

Multispeciality HospitType of
R.C.C. Framed structure

Wall

Brick masonry

3.1.6.BUILDING DETAILS:
Build up area

Ground floor height

759 mm2
3.5 m

First floor height

3.5 m

Second floor height

3.5 m

3.1.7.MATERIAL SAPECIFICATIONS:
Grade of concrete

M20

Grade of steel

Fe 415

3.2.LOAD CALCULATIONS:
ROOF SLAB
Self weight of slab

0.17 x 25 = 4.25 KN/m2

LL on slab

= 5 KN/m2
= 9.25 KN/m2

Total load
BEAM
Self weight of beam

0.5 x 0.25x25 = 3.1 KN/m

24

B/W wall load

Total load

0.25 x 1x20

= 5 KN/m
= 8.1 KN/m

25

3.3.STAAD.Pro Reports

STAAD.Pro inputs
1. STAAD SPACE
2. INPUT FILE: MARIES 2.STD
3. START JOB INFORMATION
4.

3. ENGINEER DATE 08-OCT-15

5. END JOB INFORMATION

6. 5. INPUT WIDTH 79
7. UNIT METER KN
8. JOINT COORDINATES
9. 1 43.4632 74.7745 22.75; 2 43.4632 74.7745 0; 3 39.0882 74.7745 22.75
10. 4 71.8382 74.7745 22.75; 5 61.4632 74.7745 15; 6 61.4632 74.7745 22.75
11. 7 55.4632 74.7745 15; 8 55.4632 74.7745 22.75; 9 49.3382 74.7745 17.75
12. 10 49.3382 74.7745 22.75; 11 47.5882 74.7745 18.5
13. 12 39.0882 74.7745 18.5; 13 39.0882 74.7745 0; 14 47.5882 74.7745
14. 14.25 13. 15 39.0882 74.7745 14.25; 16 39.0882 74.7745 10; 17 49.3382 74.7745 10
15. 18 71.8382 74.7745 0; 19 47.5882 74.7745 0; 20 47.5882 74.7745 10
16. 21 52.8382 74.7745 0; 22 52.8382 74.7745 10; 23 57.0882 74.7745 0
17. 24 57.0882 74.7745 10; 25 63.3382 74.7745 0; 26 63.3382 74.7745 10
18. 27 67.5882 74.7745 0; 28 67.5882 74.7745 10; 29 39.0882 74.7745 8.26671
19. 30 71.8382 74.7745 8.26671; 31 71.8382 74.7745 10 19. 32 67.5882 74.7745 22.75; 33
61.4632 74.7745 10; 34 55.4632 74.7745 10
20. 35 47.5882 74.7745 22.75; 36 47.5882 74.7745 15; 37 71.8382 74.7745 15
21. 38 47.5882 74.7745 17.75; 39 71.8382 74.7745 17.75
22. 40 39.0882 74.7745 4.13699; 41 71.8382 74.7745 4.13699 23. 42 52.3382 74.7745 10; 43
52.3382 74.7745 17.75
23. 44 52.3382 74.7745 22.75; 45 58.4632 74.7745 15
24. 46 58.4632 74.7745 22.75; 47 58.4632 74.7745 10; 48 64.4632 74.7745 10
26

25. 49 64.4632 74.7745 15; 50 64.4632 74.7745 22.75

26. 51 43.4632 78.2745 22.75; 52 43.4632 78.2745 0
27. 53 39.0882 78.2745 22.75; 54 71.8382 78.2745 22.75
28. 55 61.4632 78.2745 15; 56 61.4632 78.2745 22.75; 57 55.4632 78.2745 15
29. 58 55.4632 78.2745 22.75; 59 49.3382 78.2745 17.75
30. 60 49.3382 78.2745 22.75; 61 47.5882 78.2745 18.5
31. 62 39.0882 78.2745 18.5; 63 39.0882 78.2745 0; 64 47.5882 78.2745 14.25
32. 65 39.0882 78.2745 14.25; 66 39.0882 78.2745 10; 67 49.3382 78.2745 10
33. 88 47.5882 78.2745 17.75; 89 71.8382 78.2745 17.75
34. 90 39.0882 78.2745 4.13699; 91 71.8382 78.2745 4.13699
35. 92 52.3382 78.2745 10; 93 52.3382 78.2745 17.75
36. 94 52.3382 78.2745 22.75; 95 58.4632 78.2745 15
37. 96 58.4632 78.2745 22.75; 97 58.4632 78.2745 10; 98 64.4632 78.2745 10
38. 99 64.4632 78.2745 15; 100 64.4632 78.2745 22.75
39. MEMBER INCIDENCES
40. 35 1 51; 36 2 52; 37 3 53; 38 4 54; 39 5 55; 40 6 56; 41 7 57; 42 8 58
41. 43 9 59; 44 10 60; 45 11 61; 46 12 62; 47 13 63; 48 14 64; 49 15 65
42. 50 16 66; 51 17 67; 52 18 68; 53 19 69; 54 20 70; 55 21 71; 56 22 72
43. 57 23 73; 58 24 74; 59 25 75; 60 26 76; 61 27 77; 62 28 78; 63 29 79
44. 64 30 80; 65 31 81; 66 32 82; 67 33 83; 68 34 84; 69 35 85; 70 36 86
45. 71 37 87; 72 38 88; 73 39 89; 74 40 90; 75 41 91; 76 42 92; 77 43 93
46. 78 44 94; 79 45 95; 80 46 96; 81 47 97; 82 48 98; 83 49 99; 84 50 100
47. 85 51 52; 86 53 54; 87 55 56; 88 57 58; 89 59 60; 90 61 62; 91 63 53
48. 92 64 65; 93 66 67; 94 68 63; 95 69 70; 96 71 72; 97 73 74; 98 75 76
49. 99 77 78; 100 68 54; 101 79 80; 102 67 81; 103 78 82; 104 83 55
50. 105 84 57; 106 67 59; 107 85 70; 108 86 87; 109 88 89; 110 90 91
51. 111 92 93; 112 93 94; 113 95 96; 114 97 95; 115 98 99; 116 99 100
52. ELEMENT INCIDENCES SHELL
53. 117 53 63 69 85; 118 85 54 68 69
54. ELEMENT PROPERTY
55. 117 118 THICKNESS 0.15
27

56. DEFINE MATERIAL START

57. ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
58. E 2.17185E+007
59. POISSON 0.17
60. DENSITY 23.5616
61. ALPHA 1E-005
62. DAMP 0.05
63. END DEFINE MATERIAL
64. MEMBER PROPERTY
65. 35 TO 84 PRIS YD 0.5 ZD 0.25
66. 85 TO 116 PRIS YD 0.25 ZD 0.25
67. CONSTANTS
68. MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
69. SUPPORTS
70. 1 TO 50 FIXED
71. LOAD 1 LOADTYPE NONE TITLE LOAD CASE 1.
72. SELFWEIGHT Y -1
73. LOAD 2 LOADTYPE NONE TITLE LOAD CASE 2
74. ELEMENT LOAD
75. 117 118 PR GY -5.5
76. LOAD COMB 3 COMBINATION LOAD CASE 3
77. 1 1.5 2 1.5
78. UNIT MMS NEWTON
79. PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT ALL
80. FINISH

28

29

30

Beam maximum moments

31

32

33

Reinforcement details

34

CHAPTER 4
DESIGN OF RC STRUCTURAL MEMBERS

4.1.DESIGN OF SLABS:
4.1.1.DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLAB:
Lx = 5m

and

LY = 8m

IDENTIFICATION OF SLAB:
LY/LX = 8/5
= 1.6<2
This is two way slab.
CALCULATION OF EFFECTIVE DEPTH:
Span/Effective depth = 20
Effective depth

= 5000/20
= 250mm

Cover

= 20mm

Overall depth

= 270mm

CALCULATION OF LOAD:
Self weight

= 0.27x25
= 6.75KN/m2
35

Floor finishes

= 0.6KN/m2

Live load

= 3KN/m2

Total load

= 10KN/m2

Ultimate load

= 1.5x10
= 15KN/m2

CALCULATION OF BENDING MOMENT:

= Wleft2/8

Mu

= 15x5.22/8
= 50.7 KNm
Shear force

= wl/2
= 15x5.2/2
= 39KN

CHECK FOR DEPTH PROVIDED:

= 0.138xfckxbd2

Mumax
50.76x106
D

= 0.138x20x1000xd2
= 135mm < 250mm

Hence safe.
REINFORCEMENTS:
Mu

= 0.87xfyxAstxd (1-((Astxfy)/(bdfck)
36

50.7x106

= 0.87x415xAstx250 (1-((415xAst)/(1000x20x250)

Ast

= 590mm2

Provide 12mm dia bars

Spacing

= 1000 x ast / Ast

= 190 mm

Ast pro

= 595 mm2

% of steel

= Ast x 100/ bd

Ast min

= 0.12 % of GA
= 0.12 x 1000 x 250 / 100
= 300 mm2

Ast pro > Ast req

Hence safe.
CHECK FOR SHEAR:
Shear force

= Vu / bd
= 39 x 103 / 1000 x 250
= 0.156 N/mm2

= 0.22 N/mm2

c > v
37

Hence safe in shear.

38

DESIGN OF RAMP SLAB

4.1.2.DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLAB:

Lx = 5m

and

LY = 8m

IDENTIFICATION OF SLAB:
LY/LX = 8/5
= 1.6<2
This is two way slab.
CALCULATION OF EFFECTIVE DEPTH:
Span/Effective depth = 20
Effective depth

= 5000/20
= 250mm

Cover

= 20mm

Overall depth

= 270mm

CALCULATION OF LOAD:
Self weight

= 0.27x25
= 6.75KN/m2

Floor finishes

= 0.6KN/m2

Live load

= 3KN/m2
39

Total load

= 10KN/m2

Ultimate load

= 1.5x10
= 15KN/m2

CALCULATION OF BENDING MOMENT:

= Wleft2/8

Mu

= 15x5.22/8
= 50.7 KNm
Shear force

= wl/2
= 15x5.2/2
= 39KN

CHECK FOR DEPTH PROVIDED:

= 0.138xfckxbd2

Mumax
50.76x106
D

= 0.138x20x1000xd2
= 135mm < 250mm

Hence safe.
REINFORCEMENTS:
Mu

= 0.87xfyxAstxd (1-((Astxfy)/(bdfck)

50.7x106

= 0.87x415xAstx250 (1-((415xAst)/(1000x20x250)

Ast

= 590mm2
40

Provide 12mm dia bars

Spacing

= 1000 x ast / Ast

= 190 mm

Ast pro

= 595 mm2

% of steel

= Ast x 100/ bd

Ast min

= 0.12 % of GA
= 0.12 x 1000 x 250 / 100
= 300 mm2

Ast pro > Ast req

Hence safe.
CHECK FOR SHEAR:
Shear force

= Vu / bd
= 39 x 103 / 1000 x 250
= 0.156 N/mm2

= 0.22 N/mm2

c > v
Hence safe in shear.

41

DESIGN OF BEAM

Beam size

250mm x 500mm

250mm

500mm

30mm

Mu

130 KNm

fck

20 N/mm2

fy

415 N/mm2

CALCULATION OF DEPTH:
Effective cover

30mm

Effective depth

500 30

470mm

CHECK FOR DEPTH PROVIDED:

Mu

= k. fck b dreq2

130 x 106

= 0.138 x 20 x 250 x dreq2

= 435mm

Effective depth

= 435mm
42

Overall depth

= 465mm

CALCULATION OF BOTTOM TENSION REINFORCEMENT:

Mu/bd2

= 134 x 106 / 250 x 4652

= 2.6 N/mm2

Pt

= 0.92

0.92

= 100 x Asrreq /( bd)

Ast req

= 1150 mm2

CHECK FOR REINFORCEMENT:

Ast min/bd

= 0.85 / fy

Astmin/ (250 x 500)

= 0.85 / 415

Astmin

= 256 mm2

Ast req > Astmin

Hence safe.
DESIGN OF REINFORCEMENT:
16 mm dia Fe 415 HYSD bars
No.of bars

= Total area of bars/ Area of 1 bar

= 1150 / (/4 x 162)
= 6 bars

25mm

= 2 bars
43

Provide 6 #16mm dia Fe 415 bars @ the bottom of the main tension reinforcement
Astpro

= N x area of one bar

= 6 x (/4) x 162
= 1206.37 mm2

Ast pro > Ast req

Hence safe.

NOMINAL REINFORCEMENT AT THE TOP:

Provide 2 # 12 mm dia bars @ the top of the beam. The top of the beam as nominal
bars for stirrups.
CHECK FOR SHEAR:
Shear force in the beam

= 85 KN

= Vu/bd
= 0.68 N/mm2

100 As/bd

= 0.5 N/mm2

= 0.3 N/mm2

c max

= 1.8 N/mm2

v > c < c max

44

CHECK FOR DEFLECTION:

L/D max

= (L/D) basic x Kt x Kc x Kf

Fs

= 0.58 x 415 x (256/1150)

= 53.58

Kt

= 1.5

(L/D) provided

= 8.6

(L/D) max

= 20 x Kt
= 30

(L/D) max > (L/D) provided

Hence safe.

45

DESIGN OF COLUMN

Size = 500mm x 250mm

Length = 4.75 m = 4750 mm
Effective length = 0.8 L
= 0.8 x 4.75
= 3.8 m
CHECK FOR SLENDERNESS RATIO:
Slenderness ratio

= Le / b
= 3.8 / 0.5
= 7.6 < 12

Slenderness ratio

= Le / d
= 3.8 / 0.25
= 15.2 m

Hence it is a short column.

CALCULATION OF Ag:
Pu

= 0.4 fck Ac + 0.67 fy Ast

Ag

= 500 x 250 mm2

Axial load

= 1250 KN
46

Ultimate load

= 1.5 x 1250
= 1875 KN

1875 x 103

= 0.4 x 20 x (12500 Asc) + ( 0.67 x 415 x Asc)

Asc

= 3301.2 mm2

No of bars

= 10 nos

Provide 40mm clear cover

Provide 20 mm dia bars @ 100mm
DESIGN OF DISTRIBUTION REINFORCEMENT:
Dist greater of

= 1 x 20 / 4
= 5 mm = 6mm dia

6 mm ties are provided

PITCH:
Least lateral dimension

= 250 mm
= 16 x dia of bars
= 16 x 20
= 320 mm

Provide 6mm dia bar ties @ 300 mm C/C

47

48

DESIGN OF STAIRCASE

No. of steps in flight

10

Thread

300mm

Rise

150mm

Width of landing beam

300mm

EFFECTIVE SPAN:
L

Tk of waist slab

( no. of steps x tread) + width of landing beam)

( 10 x 300 ) + 300

3300mm

span/20

3300/20

165mm

tkx1x25

1.65 x 25 x 1

4125 KN/m

ws (T2 + R2)1/2/T

4125 ( 3002 + 1502)1/2/300

LOADS:
D.L of slab on slope, ws

D.L. on horizontal span, w

49

D.L. on one step

4611.8 N/mm

x b x h x 25

x 0.3 x 0.15 x 25

0.5625 KN/m

Loads on stesps per m length =

D.L. on one step x 1000/T

0.5625 x 1000 /300

1.875 KN/m

Finishes

0.6 KN/m

Total D.L.

4.6 + 1.875 + 0.6

7.075 KN/m

Live load

5 KN/m

Total load

7.075 + 5

12.075 KN/m

18.11 KN/m

Wul2/8

18.11 x 3.32/8

24.65 KNm

Ultimate load
BENDING MOMENT:
Mu

CHECK FOR DEPTH OF WAIST SLAB:

50

( Mu / (0.138 fck b))1/2

94.5 mm

Cover

20mm

Effective depth

165 20 10/2

140mm

REINFORCEMENT:

Mu
24.65x106

= 0.87xfyxAstxd (1-((Astxfy)/(bdfck)
= 0.87x415xAstx140 (1-((415xAst)/(1000x20x140)
= 529.16 mm2

Provide 12 mm dia bars

Spacing

= 1000 x /4 x 122 / 529.16

= 220 mm

Dis. Reinforcement

= o.12 % of GA
= 0.12 x 1000 x 165 /100
= 198 mm2

Provide 8mm dia bars

Spacing

= 1000 x /4 x 82 / 198
51

= 250 mm

52

DESIGN OF FOOTING

Footing type

= Rectangular type footing

Size of the column

= 500mm x 250mm

Axial load

= 1250 KN

Safe bearing capacity

= 200 KN/m3

Self weight of footing

= 125 KN

Total factored load

= 1375 KN

Footing area

= 1375 / (1.15 x 185)

= 6.46 KN/m2

PROPOTION OF THE FOOTING AREA:

(2.5x ) X 5x

= 6.46

12.5x2

= 6.46

= 0.71

Short side of footing

= 2.5 x 0.71

Long side of footing

= 5 x 0.71

Rectangular footing

= 2m x 4m

SOIL PRESSURE:
Pu

= 1250 / (2 x 4)
53

= 156.2 KN/m2
FACTORED BENDING MOMENT:
Bending moment @ short side

= 0.5Pul2 = 239.18 KNm

Bending moment @ long side

= 0.5pul2 = 59.79 KNm

Projection @ short side

= 0.5 (4 0.5) = 1.75m

Projection @ long side

= 0.5 (2 0.25) = 0.875m

DESIGN CONSIDERATION:
Mu

= 0.138 fck bd2

= (Mu / (0.138 fck b)1/2

= 294.76 mm

SHEAR CONSIDERATION:
Vu

= 156.2 ( 1275-d)

= Vu / bd

0.36

= 156.2 (1275 d) / (1000 x d)

= 380 mm

Overall depth

= 400 mm

REINFORCEMENT IN FOOTING:
LONGER DIRECTION:
Mu

= 0.87 fy Ast d (1 (fyAst /(bd fck)))

54

Ast

= 1956 mm2

Provide 16mm dia bars

Spacing

= 100 mm

SHORTER DIRECTION:
Mu

= 0.87 fy Ast d (1 (fyAst /(bd fck)))

Ast

= 446 mm2

Ration of longer to shorter span

= 4/2
=2

Reinforcement in central band width 2m

= ( 2/ B+1) Ast
= (2/1.5+1)x2x446
= 713.6mm2
Provide 12 mm dia bars
Ast min

= 0.12 x 1000 x 400 / 100

= 480 mm2

Spacing

= 150 mm

CHECK FOR SHEAR STRESS:

Mu

= 156.2 x 0.7
= 109.3 KNm
55

100 x Ast / bd

= 100 x 1956 / 1000 x 380

= 0.51

Vu / bd

= 109.3 x 103 / 1000 x 380

= 0.28 N/mm2

56

CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION

The plan was drawn by Auto cad 2007

The analysis of the structure was done by using STAAD PRO software.
The structural elements are designed by using working stress method and IS
456 2000 code provision
The design project was helped as to acquire knowledge about the various
analysis and design concept and code provision.

57

CHAPTER 6
BIBILIOGRAPHY
1. Design of Reinforced Concrete by N.Krishnaraju.
2. Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering by P.C.Punmia.
3. Prestressed Concrete by Ramamarutham.

58