M BO V SINH AN TON

THC PHM TI BP N TP TH

V C S CUNG CP DCH V
SUT N SN

I. NHNG VN CHUNG
1. Khi nim
- BATT l c s ch bin, nu nng phc v cho mt tp
th nhiu ngi cng n ti ch hoc ni khc.
- CS cung cp dch v sut n sn l mt hnh thc ca
BATT, chuyn SXCB thc n theo khu phn nht nh v
chia trong mt bao b nht nh nhm sn sng cung cp
cho khch hng dng cho mc ch s dng trc tip.
2. Phn loi
2.1. Theo quy m
- BATT nh: phc v di 200 ngi.
- BATT va: phc v t 200 n 500 ngi
- BATT ln: phc v trn 500 ngi n.

2.2. Theo a im n ung

- Ti ch
- Ni khc
2.3. Theo phng thc phn phi
- Phc v cho n tp trung
- Phc v cho n phn tn
2.4. Theo i tng n ung:nh my, x nghip;
trng hc; qun i; bnh vin; c quan; hng
khng
2.5. Theo hnh thc ch bin v phc v: chia nh
sut trong a; Cm hp; sut n ty chn; chia ti
ch n ngay.

3. Mi nguy v sinh an ton thc phm (VSATTP) ti bp n tp th

v ch bin sut n sn.
TT
1

Mi nguy
Vi sinh vt:
- Vi khun:
+ Staphylococcus. aureus
+ Salmonella
+ E. coli
+ V. cholera
+ V. parahemolyticus
+ Bacillus. Cereus
+ Clostridium perfringens
+ Listeria monocytogens
+ Campylobacter
- Virus: Rota, vim gan A, E,
Norwalk....
- K sinh trng: Giun, sn...

Ngun gc
1. T c th con ngi:
- Cm bc thc n
- T ho, khc, nh
- Tip xc vi thc phm
2. Nguyn liu thc phm:
- ng vt c bnh, nhim vi sinh
vt, k sinh trng.
- Rau, qu nhim.
3. Ch bin, nu nng khng k
4. Bo qun khng m bo:
thc phm nhit m, nhim t
mi trng..
thc phm nhiu gi trc khi n
gy nhim th cp

2 Ha cht:
Ha cht bo
v thc vt

S dng ha cht bo v thc

vt cm, qu liu, khng gi
ng thi gian cch ly

Ph gia

S dng loi cm, qu liu,

khng ng chng loi.

Kim loi nng

nhim t mi trng, dng

c cha ng, ch bin.

Ha cht khc T trng trt chn nui.

(khng sinh,
hormone)

3 c t t nhin trong thc phm:

+ Thc vt c c:
- Nm c
- c t vi nm: Aflatoxin, ochratoxin
+ ng vt c c:
- C nc
- c t trong nhuyn th:
* DSP: Gy tiu chy
* NSP: Gy lit thn kinh
* PSP: Gy lit c
* ASP: Gy ng tr
- c t trong c: Histamine ( c n )

S dng thc phm

t ng vt, thc vt
khng an ton

4 Thc phm bin cht:

- m bin cht; M bin cht; Cht bt
bin cht

Bo qun khng
ng yu cu
VSATTP

II. BIN PHP M BO VSATTP TI BATT V C

S CUNG CP DCH V SUT N SN
1. m bo y cc iu kin VSATTP:
C 3 nhm iu kin cn phi m bo:
iu kin v c s; iu kin v dng c thit b; iu
kin v con ngi;
1.1. iu kin v c s
1.1.1. V tr:
- Phi cch bit khi nhng ni bn nh cng nc thi,
ni nui ng vt, ni rc
- C th nh bp phi xa:
+ Khu vc c mi trng nhim v cc hot ng cng
nghip khc c nhiu kh nng gy nhim TP
+ Khu vc d b ngp lt, tr khi c bin php bo v nh
bp khi ngp lt c hu hiu.

+ Khu vc c cc cht thi rn, lng, kh m khng th loi

b chng c hiu qu.
+ Khu vc d b sinh vt gy hi ph hoi.
- V tr ca nh bp v khu vc bp cn m bo:
+ Khng b nhim.
+ Khng b ngp lt.
+ Thun tin giao thng.
+C ngun nc m bo.
+ C cng rnh thot nc tt.
+ ng s ni b thun tin cho cung ng v vn chuyn
thc phm
1.1.2. Thit k v b tr
- Dy chuyn ch bin - nu nng theo nguyn l mt chiu

Hnh 1: S nguyn l bp mt chiu

S CH - RA
CH BIN
NU NNG

- KV THAY QUN O
BHL - RA TAY
- WC

KHU VC
KHO

TIP NHN NGUYN LIU

CHIA BAO GI

BO QUN - VN CHUYN NH N

- Cc khu vc c kch thc ph hp.

- Gia cc khu vc c ngn cch bng vch ngn ring bit, trnh
gy nhim cho gia cc vng.
- Yu cu thit k, b tr m bo thun tin cho lm v sinh, kh
trng, kg to ni n nu cho cn trng v V gy hi.
- Nu lp t cc thit b ra tay v tit trng giy (trng hp
khng thay giy c) ti ca ra vo ca tng khu nn lp t
thit b ra tay t ng.
1.1.3. Cu trc
- Nh kho, nh bp, cc phng khu vc nh bp c xy dng
bng cc vt liu m bo thun tin cho cc bin php x l v
sinh.
-Trn nh: sng mu, khng thm nc, khng rn nt, khng mc,
ng hi nc v cc cht bn.
- Sn nh: sng, kg thm nc, d ra kg trn, d lau chi, kh
trng thot nc tt, kg gy c vi TP.

- Tng v gc tng nh: phng, sng mu, khng gy c

vi thc phm, khng thm nc, d c ra v kh trng.
- Ca ra vo: nhn, khng thm nc, tt nht dng ca t
ng ng kn m ra pha ngoi. trnh ng vt v cn
trng gy hi xm nhp, nn trang b ca c mn chn.
- Ca s: c li bo v chng s xm nhp ca cn trng v
ng vt, li phi khng han r, thun li cho lm v sinh.
- H thng thng gi:m bo thng gi tt, trnh tch t hi
nc, khi, bi. Hng ca h thng gi phi m bo
khng c thi t khu vc nhim sang khu vc sch.
- H thng chiu sng: c h thng n chiu sng, cc
n cn c hp hoc li bo v trnh khi v lm ri mnh
thu tinh vo thc phm.
- C dng c cha cht thi v vt phm khng n c
bo m kn v c c ra thng xuyn.

- C h thng cng rnh thot nc d dng, kn, khng

gy nhim ra xung quanh.
- C phng thay qun o, phng ra tay, nh v sinh v
thit b lm v sinh, kh trng.
- Thit b v cha phi c sp xp ng ni quy nh,
theo chui cng vic.
- Gc nn ni c cha nc thi phi d thot nc vi dc
chun khong 2/100 v h thng thot nc vi dc
chun khong 2/100 4/100.
- Cc bn cha phi c thit k khng cho php nc thi
bn ra ngoi.
- Nh v sinh:
+ Nh v sinh, phng ngh, phng thay qun o phi tch
bit vi khu ch bin thc phm. Nn xy dng nhng
phng ny cch xa t nht 3m so vi nh bp.
+ C thit b ra tay v c giy ring trong nh v sinh.

1.2. iu kin v thit b v dng c ch bin nu

nng
1.2.1. Yu cu:
- Cc dng c dng cha ng, CBTP phi c lm t
nguyn liu khng c, khng gy mi l, khng hp
th, khng thi nhim, khng b n mn bi nc, nhit
.
- Nhn, khng rn nt, d lm sch v ty trng.
1.2.2. Cc dng c, thit b ch yu
- Bn ch bin: nn ph bng kim loi khng g, khng
thi nhim hoc dng bn .
- Tht: lm bng g rn. C tht ring cho ch bin thc
phm sng v chn.
- Ni, niu, soong cho, bt, a, mung, gi, a: bng

+ My ch bin.
+ Thit b ng gi, chia.
+ Thit b cung cp nc, nc , hi nc.
+ Thit b lm sch, kh trng.
+ Thit b v sinh c nhn.
+ Thit b bo qun thc phm.
1.2.3. Ch bo dng, gi v sinh v ra dng c,
thit b (xem ph lc 1,2)
- CS h tng v TTB phi sa cha nu cn. Ti CS, nn
nh, tng bn trong thp hn 1 mt tnh t sn ln
nn p gch v phi lau ra t nht mt ln trong ngy
v nu cn phi c ra sch v ty u. Tin hnh c
ra TTB sau khi chuyn ton b TP ra khi nh
bp.

KT s xut hin ca V v CT gy hi t nht 1 thng/ ln v

tin hnh dit t nht 6 thng/ln v lu HS trong 1 nm.
- CS h tng, TTB cn theo ng quy trnh ql VS. Kg nn lu
gi nhng phn b i kg phc v cho cng vic CBTP.
-Kg c VC nguyn liu th vo KV kg N ca nh xng.
-Trg nh xng, cn trang b qut thng gi, trnh t 0, m
qu cao. Nn t0 trg nh bp <250C, m <80%.
- TTB VS cng vi x phng, bn chi, giy VS, nc kh trng
cn c thg xuyn, ph hp ra tay v sdng tt.
- Trng hp h thng cung cp nc ca CS l ngun nc
ging, phi KTCL nc t nht 6 thng/ ln theo yu cu ca
c quan YT c thm quyn, hoc c quan KT thuc BYT. Nu
iu kin ngun nc khng m bo, gim c c quan y t
c nhng ch dn v bin php can thip kp thi. Kt qu
kim tra ny s lu li trong vng mt nm.
-

- m bo v sinh, cc b, thng cha nc phi c lau

ra lm sch t nht mt nm mt ln.
- Cc dng c, thit b cn c ch lau ra lm v sinh v
kh trng. Vi dng c bt, a c th ra bng tay, bng
my nhng cn qua cc khu:
+ Ra nc lnh loi b ht thc n cn st li.
+ Ra bng nc m 45 500C c pha thm x phng hoc
nc ra bt lai b ht du m v cc cht bn cn
st li.
+ Nhng nc nng trn 800C.
+ Xp vo cc ngn hoc dng c bt a.
+ Cc, chn phi ra bng tia nc chy.
- Rc thi s c qun l nh sau:

+ Qun l vt cha rc thi trnh kg r r nc bn hay

mi hi ra ngoi. Sau khi rc cn phi lm sch ngay.
+ Rc thi kg c em vo khu kg nhim ca nh xng.
+ Rc thi phi c chuyn ti khu lu tr rc v khng
c gi trong phng lm vic.
+ Khu lu gi rc thi s c lm sch sau khi chuyn
sch rc, nhng khu xung quanh khng b nh hng.
1.3. iu kin v con ngi
1.3.1. o to v kin thc v thc hnh VSATTP
- NV nh bp, c bit l nhng ngi x l TP, cn B c
hiu bit ti thiu v VSATTP v thc hnh tt cc quy
trnh, quy phm VSATTP. Ch cc CSCB, nu nng phi
lin h vi c quan YT t chc cc kho o to v
VSATTP. Mi ngi CB, nu nng, phc v phi c chng
ch c o to v VSATTP theo quy nh.
1.3.2. Sc kho ca ngi ch bin, nu nng, phc v
- Khm sc kho khi tuyn dng v khm nh k t nht mi

nm 2 ln. Khi KSK ngoi KT chung, cn ch cc bnh TN

nh lao, l trc trng,v cc bnh ngoi da, bnh ng
HH, bnh ng TH v phi xt nghim phn pht hin
ngi lnh mang vi khun gy bnh ( thng hn, l trc
trng, giun, sn). Nhng ngi mc bnh v chng sau y
khng c trc tip tip xc vi thc phm:
+ Thng hn, l, vim gan truyn nhim
+ Lao ang thi k tin trin.
+ Giang mai thi k ly, lu cp din.
+ Vim ph qun hi thi.
+ Lot l c m.
+ Nhng bnh ngoi da c ly nh gh, l, hc lo, cng nh
cc bnh ngoi da khc vng da h (lao, chm..).
+Bnh x N mc mi v s mi c m, c l r hu mn.
+ Bnh sn i, sn phn.

+ Bnh nm tc u v da, mng tay.

+ Nhng ngi lnh mang vi khun ng rut.
- Ngi trc tip tip xc vi thc phm phi chp hnh y cc
thc hnh v v sinh c nhn:
+ Thc hin ra tay theo ng quy nh.
+ Mc qun o bo h lao ng theo quy nh.
+ Khng eo trang sc, khng mng tay di.
+Kg n, ung, nhai ko cao su, kg ht thuc trg khi lm vic.
+ Khng khc nh trong khu vc ch bin, nu nng.
- M v qun o mc ngoi ca nhn vin tham gia ch bin phi
thay i sch hng ngy.
- Chuyn TP t ni SC ti nh bp, phi thay qun o ngoi v
m (nu kg thay c giy th giy phi c kh trng).
- Vo khu v sinh khng c mc trang phc, m v giy dng
khi CBTP.

- Trong trng hp NV khng tham gia CB hoc KT mun vo

CS, h phi mc qun o ngoi, giy v m sch ring.
- Theo quy nh VSATTP, nu NTP xy ra, NV tham gia CB
kg c ly mu CB ti CS lin quan B tin hnh b mt
vic iu tra nguyn nhn, ngoi tr nhng trng hp thc
hin cc BP kg gy cn tr vic iu tra Ng nhn.
- Khch tham quan: Kg c vo khu vc CB, nu nng, chia
thc n. Nu mun vo phi thc hin cc quy nh m bo
VSATTP.
2. Kim sot nguyn liu u vo v s ch nguyn liu th
Kh khn nht ca cc bp n tp th l kim sot nguyn
liu u vo. Cc bp n tp th thng phi nhp nguyn liu
ti sng hng ngy, do vy, rt kh khn c mt ngun
cung ng nguyn liu an ton, n nh.

- Hp ng cam kt vi CS cung ng TPAT: c bit l rau,

qu, tht, c. Nn chn cc CS p dng Thc hnh nng
nghip tt - GAP
- Kim sot ngun: Kim sot ti vng nguyn liu (vng
trng trt v chn nui): l rt quan trng. Cn c cn b
kim tra, gim st ti trang tri chn nui v trng trt.
- KT tip nhn nguyn liu: c chng ch (th hng) ca bn
cung cp v KT nguyn liu khi nhp. Thc hin KT 3
bc ( KT trc khi nhp, trc khi nu v trc khi n).
S dng thit b kim tra v cm quan pht hin cc
nguyn liu TP khng t yu cu ( thit b KT nhanh).
- Cn ghi chp v lu li trong mt nm i vi cc thng tin
sau v tng thnh phn ca TP v nguyn liu th thu mua:
tn, thnh phn, a ch v tn nh cung cp, a ch v tn
CSCB nguyn liu, thng tin xc nhn l SP (s l hng
hoc ghi ngy sn xut), ngy mua hng.

Nh cung cp phi np giy CNKT ho hc, vt l, VSV ca

thnh phn nguyn liu hoc nguyn liu th nh k. Sau khi
trao i kt qu CQYT trong trng hp pht hin thnh phn
hay nguyn liu th khng t yu cu, cn c bin php gii
quyt nh thay i nh cung cpKt qu ny lu li trong
vng mt nm.
- NV trc tip tham gia CB phi thng xuyn c mt ti thi
im cung cp nguyn liu th v KTCL, ti nguyn, T0
theo tng l hng TP (bao gm s KS T0 chun trong qu trnh
VC do nh cung cp thc hin) hn hp cc cht lchuyn
vo phng ph hp v ghi li kt qu.
- Cung cp thnh phn v nguyn liu th, ngoi tr nhng loi
c th c bo qun T0 trong phng nh TP ng hp, TP kh
v gia v, s khng vt qu s lng dng ht trong mt ngy
v cung cp vo ngy ch bin TP. iu ny rt cn cho nhng
loi thc phm d h hng nh tht, c v ng vt nhuyn th
hai mnh v, rau
-

- Cung cp thnh phn v nguyn liu th, ngoi tr nhng loi

c th c bo qun trong T0 phng nh TP ng hp, TP kh

v gia v, s khng vt qu s lng dng ht trong mt ngy
v cung cp vo ngy CBTP. iu ny rt cn cho nhng loi
TP d h hng nh tht, c v V nhuyn th hai mnh v,
rau
- Trong trng hp, rau v hoa qu dng khng cn qua nu, phi
ra sch di vi nc chy V nu cn s c ra sch vi
dung dch thuc tm hoc nc mui hoc vi dung dch khc
c hiu qu tc dng tng ng v sau li ra sch di
vi nc chy.
3. Kim sot khu ch bin, nu nng
- m bo quy trnh CB, nu nng theo nguyn l mt chiu:
nguyn liu xut nhp kho, sau khi SC chuyn vo bp (nguyn
liu sch), CB nu nng, xong chuyn thc n chn sang
phng chia, phn phi thc n v cui cng ra phng n hoc
vn chuyn n ni khc n. Cn ch :

nguyn liu sch khng ln nguyn liu bn, cc nguyn liu

khc nhau cng khng c ln vi nhau, v ch nu nng
khc nhau. Thc n chn khng c ln thc n sng. i theo
l cc dng c, thit b, con ngi cng phi tch bit nhau.
- p dng Thc hnh SX tt GMP v Thc hnh v sinh tt
GHP (SSOP) cng nh h thng qun l HACCP.
- m bo nhit i vi TP nu chn k, ti thiu phi m bo
T0 trng tm TP t 750C duy tr t nht 1 pht. C th dng nhit
k o tm theo di (xem ph lc 4).
4. Kim sot khu bo qun TP (xem ph lc 3)
4.1. Kho bo qun thc phm
- Chn v sn kho phi kn v bng vt liu rn phng chut
(nn xy gch, lt gch hoc b tng).
- Ca s phi c li thp.
- Ca ra vo phi kn.

- TP ng hm, bao, tiphi trn cc sn k cch mt t

t nht 20cm. Nu l tht phi c mc treo. Cc sn k cch
tng kho t nht 50cm v gia cc l, cc k cn c li i
d kim tra.
- Kho phi sp xp ngn np, trt t theo yu cu k thut. C
qut thng gi v tt nht l c my iu ho khng kh.
- Tu theo loi TP, c my iu chnh T0, m (bo qun
ng lnh, lnh, mt, thng). Phi c my ghi nhit ,
m theo di hng ngy.
- Cn c kho ring cho cc loi TP ti sng v TP kh.
Khng c cc hng khng phi TP vo kho TP.
- Phi c BP phng chng chut, cn trng, gin, su b, cc
mi nguy HH, VL nhim vo TP khi bq TP trong kho.
- C ch kh trng ty u kho, ch kim tra, ch
xut, nhp kho.
4.2. Bo qun thc phm sng trc khi nu nng
- C dng c cha ng ring bit cho thc phm sch v bn.

- C DC cha ng ring bit cho cc loi TP khc nhau.

- Tuyt i khng di chuyn TP ngc chiu ch bin.
4.3. Bo qun thc phm sau khi nu chn
- TP sau khi nu chn c chuyn vo phng chia, phn phi.
- Phng chia phi coi l phng v trng nht, coi nh PM.
- Thc hin chia TP theo ng Quy phm sn xut tt.
- Cc dng c cha ng TP chn phi c dng ring bit.
- Cc sut n phi c bo qun trnh bi, rui v gi nhit
nht nh theo yu cu k thut.
- Khi vn chuyn n a im n ni khc cn c bin php bo
qun m bo VSATTP.
- Thi gian t sau khi nu nng n khi n khng qu 2 gi.
5. Kim tra khu vn chuyn thc phm
5.1. Phng tin vn chuyn
-Phng tin VC c th l xe y, xe ba bnh, t.. phi m bo
cc yu cu sau:

Phi sch s, c c ra, lm v sinh, kh trng nh k

sau mi ln vn chuyn thc phm. Trc khng c
vn chuyn ho cht, vt liu xy dng
- Thc phm ng thnh cc n v, sut n, thnh cc thng,
hmc y kn khi vn chuyn.
- Tt nht c phng tin vn chuyn chuyn dng cho TP.
- B tr, sp xp khi vn chuyn m bo khng v,
nhim, chng rui, b, bi
5.2. Ch vn chuyn
Tu theo mt hng m quy nh ch vn chuyn thch hp:
- Vi thc phm cn n nng phi c thit b bo qun nng.
- Vi canh, thc n lng, thc n chn phi c thit b chuyn
dng, trnh lm xo trn, v.
- Nu cng mt chuyn m phi a sut n n nhiu a
im cn sp xp b tr hp l trnh xo trn lm h
hng khi giao, nhn.
5.3. Thi gian vn chuyn
-

Cng rt ngn thi gian vn chuyn cng tt, m bo thi gian

t sau khi nu nng n khi n khng qu 2 gi.
6. Kim sot nh n
+ Nh n phi m bo iu kin v c s, dng c thit b v
con ngi phc v.
+ Ngi n phi ra tay sch s trc khi n. Trong khi n khng
ni to, i li ln xn, gi ng quy nh, ch nh n tp th.
+ Trc khi vo phng n, c tin phng m, nn, treo o ma,
o khoc, ch ra tay, phng v sinh
+ Phng n c bn, gh ngi thng thong.
7. Phng chng nhim th cp
Trong trng hp di y, NVtham gia CB phi gi sch v ty
trng bn tay v cc ngn tay. Nu s dng gng tay dng mt
ln, theo ng quy nh cn phi thay gng tay trong nhng
trng hp sau:

+ Trc khi bt u lm vic v sau khi i v sinh.

+ Trng hp VC t ni N sang ni kg N ca nh xng.
+ Ngay sau khi lm vic tip xc trc tip vi thc phm.
+ Trong trng hp va tip xc vi cc loi TP v dng c CB
nh tht, c v V nhuyn th hai mnh v, v trng sng
c kh nng tr thnh ngun nhim VSV.
- Nguyn liu th phi c phn loi theo tng loi nguyn
liu TP ring, c th l theo th t t tht, c, V nhuyn th
hai mnh v, rau,c lu gi trong khu lu tr ring bit
v chia thnh nhiu khu khc nhau. Trong trng hp ny, NL
th phi c t trong vt cha sch c np y trnh N
t bao b nguyn liu th sang khu lu tr v phng trnh N
gia cc loi nguyn liu th.
- S ch TP phi c CB hon ton ti khu vc N v khng
gy N sang cc khu vc phng v trnh N trong CS.
- Cc DC, vt cha nh dao, tht, s c phn loi sd v tng

loi TP ring, kg sd nhng vt dng ny vi mc ch khc.

- Theo quy nh VSATTP, DCCB v vt cha s dng phi
c ra sch mt trong v ngoi di vi nc chy sch vi
nhng bc sau: tit trng hon ton vi nhit 800C t nht
trong 5 pht hoc vi bt k PP no c hiu qu tng ng,
sy kh v lu gi hp VS bng vt dng cha ng sch. Trong
quy nh, ra v tit trng DCCB v vt cha s dng trong
nh bp phi c tin hnh sau khi chuyn ton b cc loi
TP ra khi khu vc trn.
+ DC v vt dng ang s dng phi c s dng hp VS, nu
cn kt hp tit trng di vi nc nng. Trong trng hp
ny, DC v vt cha c s dng dnh cho nguyn liu th
khng c s dng cho nhng TP qua ch bin
- V kh nng gy N trn mt tht, thit b lc v DC bng g rt
cao nn tt c cc DC ny phi c tit trng k lng hn. V
tt nht nn trnh sd cc DCCB bng g.

- Nhng my c sd trong qu trnh CBTP nh my ct TP,

my thi rau, phi c tho d ra, tit trng v sy kh
t nht ngy mt ln.
- Theo quy nh, chu ra s c dng ring cho tng loi TP
trnh N. c bit, cn phi c chu ra dnh ring cho
nguyn liu dng cho TP nu chn k, nguyn liu dng cho
TP CB khng qua nu v chu ra DCCB.
- phng chng N t ngun nc bn tr li t sn nh,
cn CBTP, DC v vt cha phi cch sn nh t nht l
60cm. Nu TP c CB trong chu chng nc trn c th
trnh N trc tip t ngun nc b bn xung sn, th phi
t dng ng v cch sn nh t nht l cao 30cm.
- Lm ngui TP nu chn k v lu gi trong T0nh bp, cng
nh TP cha nu sau khi SC cn c lu ti ni sch
phng chng N th cp t TP ny sang TP khc.

- Ngun nc CB phi l nc sch, c th ung c. Cn

phi KT v ghi li nhng s liu hng ngy v ngun nc
trc v sau mt ngy lm vic m bo ngun nc sd
kg mi, kg mu, kg vn c v kg c hp cht l. D lng
chlorine kg c vt qu 0,1mg/L, nu ngun nc CB l
nc thng, hoc nc ging th cn phi lc v tit trng
trc khi sd.
8. Kim sot T0 ca NLth v TP qua CB
- NL th phi c lu gi trong bung ring, t lnh hoc
thit b lm lnh vi T0 ph hp. Thi gian NL c lu
gi,T0 phng, T0 trong thit b lm lnh hay t lnh phi ghi
chp v theo di cht ch.
- Phi CB ngay NL th sau khi a ra khi t lnh hay thit b
lm lnh. Cc loi TP kg cn nu chn k th phi CB ngay
sau khi s ch.

- Cc loi TP n ngay sau khi CB cn c m bo T0< 100C

hoc >500C hn ch s ly lan ca VK gy bnh.
+ Nu TP nu chn k cn lm ngui, my hay TB lm ngui hoc
my chia TP thnh tng phn nh vo vt cha phi gim T0
phn tm ca TP cho n khi t c xp x 200C trong 30
pht rt ngn khong thi gian T0 ph hp vi cc VK pht
trin trong TP (khong 200C-500C).Thi gian bt u lm ngui,
thi gian kt thc cn ghi chp li.
+ Dng c cha cc loi TPCB phc v n nhanh cn phi m
bo VSATTP. Thi gian khi vic CB kt thc cn phi ghi li
m bo TP c dng ngay trong vng khong 30 pht sau khi
ch bin. Nu qu 30 pht th cn m bo:
- Ngay sau khi CB xong, TP cn dng nng s c gi trong vt
cha sch gi nhit. Thi gian lu gi cn phi ghi li.
- Tt c cc loi TP khc lu gi <100C sau khi CB n khi em ra
phc v. cn ghi li thi gian TP lu gi trong thit b lm lnh,
T0 trong TB lm lnh v thi gian khi em TP ra khi thit b.

+ Trong qu trnh giao sut n, phi m bo KS T0 chun <

100C hoc >650C bng xe giao hng c thit b lm gi lnh
hoc nng v thi gian giao hng cn ghi li.
i vi cc loi TP cn giao hng > 650C, thi gian t v lu
gi trong t lnh v thi gian ly ra khi cn ghi li.
+ Nu TP phc v nng hoc lu gi trong thi gian qu 30 pht
ti CS nhn v phc v TP c CB ti CSCB sut n sn lin
kt, th TP phi c lu gi <100C n khi dng.
Trong trng hp ny, thi gian lu gi trong TB lm lnh, T0
trong TB v thi gian ly ra khi TB cn ghi li.
Ngi qun l mt CS phc v sut n sn hoc ngi chu
trch nhim qun l mt CS nh hiu trng mt trng hc
(di y gi tt l Ngi chu trch nhim ) phi phn
cng NV c trch nhim qun l VSATTP c s ( gi tt l
Ngi qun l VSATTP ).

- Ngi chu trch nhim phi c gng ly thng tin v

nhng nh cung cp NLTP mua NL m bo CL. Nu vic
chi tr da trn CS cung cp lin tc, cn phi c ch dn k
T0 lu gi trong sut qtrnh giao hng v c kt qu KT VSV
i vi TP sng do nh CC tin hnh nh k.
- Ngi chu trch nhim phi cho php Ngi qun l
VSATTP tin hnh cng vic KT da vo mu KT v BC
kq KT ti tng thi im, xc nhn vic KT c tin hnh
y , ng quy cch. Kt qu ny s c lu gi 1 nm.
- Ngi chu trch nhim phi c nhng BP can thip kp
thi nh tr li nguyn liu TP, loi b danh mc thc n,
thu mu TP CB, nu nh Ngi qun l VSATTP bo
co c nhng vic khng n sau khi c kt qu KT.
- Ngi chu trch nhim phi thc hin nhng iu chnh
theo mt chng trnh cng nh c nhng BP

ph hp nu cn phi yu cu c thi gian nh kq KT.

- Ngi chu trch nhim phi c gng trang b cho nhng
Ngi qun l VSATTP hay ngi tham gia CB c y
kin thc v KTh y nh c h tham gia vo nhng hi
tho lin quan n QLVSTP v phng trnh NTP.
- Ngi chu trch nhim phi cho NV tham gia CB, bao
gm c NV ngn hn, hp ng, KSK nh k v KT mu
phn t nht mt nm 2 ln. Kt mu phn bao gm c xt
nghim E.coli 0157:H7 .
- Ngi chu trch nhim s khng cho php NVCB c
tham gia cng vic khi NV ny c nhng triu chng tiu
chy, st, v.vv c vt m bn tay v ngn tay.
- Trong khi chun b thc n, phi m bo trong phm vi
nng lc ca i ng NV v CS c th thc hin c.

- Khi chun b cho tng thc n, cn lu nhng im sau:

+ Ngi tham gia ch bin c gng khng c ri t khu
nhim sang khu khng v trnh nhim trong nh xng.
+ Nn tng c nhn tham gia ch bin s c trch nhim vi
tng mng ca cng vic hng ngy.
+ Trang thit b thc phm phi c m bo cha ng
v lu gi thc phm ngay sau khi hon thnh cng vic
ch bin.
Ngi chu trch nhim s tho lun vic phn chia cng
vic trc vi nhn vin tham gia ch bin da vo danh
mc quy trnh chun b.
- Cc c quan VSATTP a phng cn gim st, ch dn,
kim tra cc c s ch bin ti cc bp n tp th v sut n
sn.

 Hnh

2:S cc khu kim sot trng yu

ti BATT v Cc c s cung cp dch v
sut n sn

Ph lc
QUY TRNH THC HIN MT S TIU CHUN
V SINH AN TON THC PHM
Ph lc 1. HNG DN QUY TRNH RA TAY NG
QUY CCH
(1) Lm t tay v ch xt tay vi x phng.
(2) Ra sch bn tay v cnh tay. Ch ra k k gia cc
ngn tay (ch xt khong 30 giy).
(3) Ra sch x phng (khong 20 giy).
(4) Ch xt tay v ngn tay k vi dung dch kh trng, x
phng 0,2% (hoc ngm tay v ngn tay trong dung dch x
phng kh trng 0,1% hoc bin php khc c hiu qu
tng ng trong khong thi gian 30 giy).
(5) Ra k di vi nc.
(6) Lau kh bng khn giy sch hoc my thi kh.

Ph lc 2. HNG DN QUY TRNH RA V TIT TRNG

DNG C CH BIN
1. My ch bin thc phm
(1) Tho d cc phn v b phn ca my. Khng t trc tip
phn tho d xung nn nh.
(2) Ra 3 ln di vi nc sch ( sd nc m 400C).
(3) Ra k vi bng ra c km cht ty tt hoc cht kim
(4) Ra sch cht ty di vi nc sch ( sd nc m 40 0C).
(5) Tit trng tt c cc b phn T0 800C trong t nht l 5 pht
hoc p dng BP khc c hiu qu tng ng.
(6) Sy kh.
(7) Lp li tng b phn ca my.
(8) Trc khi sd, nn phun cn st trng 70% hoc s dng BP
tng ng.
2. Bn ch bin thc phm
(1) Dn sch bn ch bin.
(2) Ra 3 ln di vi nc sch (sd nc m khong 40 0C).

(3)Ra k vi bng ra c km cht ty tt hoc cht kim nh.

(4) Ra sch cht ty di vi nc sch (sd nc m 40 0C).
(5) Sy kh.
(6) Phun cn st trng 70% hoc s dng BP tng ng.
(7) Trc khi s dng, tit trng ging nh bc (6).
3. Tht, dao v dng c trn
(1) Ra 3 ln di vi nc sch (sd nc m 40 0C).
(2)Ra k vi bng ra c km cht ty tt hoc cht kim nh.
(3) Ra sch cht ty di vi nc sch (sd nc m 40 0C).
(4) Tit trng nhit 800C trong vng t nht l 5 pht hoc
p dng bin php khc c hiu qu tng ng.
(5) Sy kh.
(6) Lu gi trong vt cha lu gi m bo v sinh sch.

4. Khn lau bn, vi

(1) Git 3 ln di vi nc sch (sd nc m 40 0C
(2) Git k vi bng ra c km cht ty tt hoc cht kim nh.
(3) Lm sch cht ty di vi nc sch (sd nc m 40 0C).
(4) Tit trng bng cch luc nhit 100 0C trong vng t
nht l 5 pht
(5) Sy kh v lu gi ti ni m bo v sinh sch.
Ph lc 3. HNG DN QL LU GI NL TH
1. Rau v hoa qu
(1) Kim tra k pht hin cn trng, hp cht l, h hng hay
mi l, s phi tr li hoc cm s dng nhng thc phm
khng bnh thng.
(2) Ly 50g tng loi nguyn liu vo vt cha sch (nh ti
nha,). ng cht v lu gi nhit di -200C trong
vng t nht 2 tun (y l thi gian quy nh lu gi mu).

(3) t thc phm vo vt cha sch ring v lu gi nhit

khong 100C (di - 150C i vi rau ng lnh).
(4) Ra di vi nc sch t nht 3 ln.
(5) Ra vi dung dch cht ty trung tnh.
(6) Ra sch di vi nc chy.
(7) Nu cn, tit trng vi dung dch st trng quy nh v ra
sch li di vi nc chy.
(8) Lm ro nc.
(9) Ct rau v hoa qu bng tht v dao ring.
(10) t vo vt cha sch.
(11) Che y bng khn ph sch (ngoi tr vt cha cht
lng) v nu qu 30 pht th nn gi ti nhit -100C
trong thit b lnh.

2. C v sn phm ng vt nhuyn th hai mnh v v

sn phm tht
(1) Kim tra k pht hin cn trng, hp cht l, h hng
hay mi l, s phi tr li hoc cm s dng nhng thc
phm khng bnh thng.
(2) Ly 50g tng loi nguyn liu vo vt cha sch (nh ti
nha,). ng cht v lu gi nhit di -200C trong
vng t nht 2 tun (y l thi gian quy nh lu gi mu).
(3) t thc phm vo vt cha sch ring v lu gi nhit
khong 100C i vi sn phm tht, c v sn phm ng
vt nhuyn th hai mnh v di 50C (di - 150C i vi
thc phm cn ng lnh).
(4) Ct thc phm bng tht v dao ring.
(5) Cn ch bin ngay.

Ph lc 4. HNG DN GHI NHIT CA TM SN

PHM V THI GIAN LM NNG TP NU K
1. Thc phm rn k
(1) Xc inh nhit ca du vt qu nhit thit lp.
(2) Ghi li thi gian bt u ch bin.
(3) Ti thi gian thch hp trong quy trnh ch bin, o nhit
t nht 3 ln ti 3 phn khc nhau ca tm thc phm,
Nu nhit tt c cc phn u vt qu 750C, ghi li
nhit tng phn trung tm v tip tc lm nng thm mt
pht ti thi im o xong.
(4) Ghi li ton b thi gian lm nng.
(5) Nu quy trnh thc hin nhiu hn mt ln, xc nh v ghi
li nhit du qu nhit thit lp v tin hnh x l
nng da vo iu kin m t (1) n (4). Nu nhit du
khng vt qu nhit thit lp, cn phi c bin php
tng du ln.

2. Thc phm nng v hp

(1) Ghi li thi gian bt u ch bin.
(2) Ti thi gian thch hp trong quy trnh ch bin, o nhit
t nht 3 ln ti 3 phn khc nhau ca tm thc phm,
Nu nhit tt c cc phn u vt qu 750C, ghi li
nhit tng phn trung tm v tip tc lm nng thm mt
pht ti thi im o xong.
(3) Ghi li tng s thi gian lm nng.
(4) Nu quy trnh thc hin nhiu hn mt ln, xc nh v ghi
li x l nhit da vo iu kin m t (1) n (3). Trong
trng hp ny, cn thc hin o ti mt phn trung tm
c coi l kh lm nng nht.

3.Thc phm luc v thc phm rn quay

Cn u tin hng u quy trnh x l nhit trong cng on
ch bin. Nu x dng thc phm tht, c v ng vt
nhuyn th hai mnh v ng lnh, thc phm ny cn c
r ng trc khi ch bin.
(1) Trong quy trnh ch bin, la chn thc phm cn phi
xem xt n phn kh x l nhit nht trn sn phm v o
nhit ti 3 v tr khc nhau ti tm sn phm (t nht l 3
phn trn mt sn phm luc). Nu nhit ti tt c cc
phn u trn 750C, ghi li nhit ca tng phn tm v
tip tc x l nhit trong khong thi gian 1 pht t lc o
xong.
Nu thc phm kh c th o c phn tm th cn phi
tin hnh o 3 phn gn tm ca sn phm (hoc t nht l
mt phn i vi sn phm luc).
(2) Nu quy trnh ch bin c lm i lm li, nn kim tra
v ghi li mi ln theo phng php tng t.

Ph lc 5. NI DUNG KIM TRA 3 BC

1.Trc khi nhp

T Ngy
T gi

Tn
S
Ngun Ngy, gi
thc lng gc (tn, thu hoch,
phm
a ch
git m

Tnh
trng
cm
quan

Xt
nghim

Ghi
ch

2.Trc khi nu, ch bin

T Ngy
T gi

Tn
S
Ngun gc:
thc lng
T kho
phm
(nhp bao
gi)
Ni khc

iu
kin
bo
qun

Tnh
Xt
Ghi
trng nghim ch
cm
quan

(tn, a ch)

3.Trc khi n
T
T

Ngy
gi

Tn
thc
n

S
lng
sut
n

Ngun gc
-Nu, ch bin
tc thi
- T ni khc
(Tn, a ch)

iu kin
ch bin,
nu nng

iu
kin
bo
qun

Thi
gian
s
dng

Tnh
trng
cm
quan

Xt
nghim

Lu
mu

Ghi
ch

10

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