It is the funicular polygon and will consists of straight lines (giving directions of resultants) intersecting on

the lines of action of the given loads.

If the loading is continuous instead of point loads, the line of thrust becomes a continuous curve.
Eddys theorem states that
The bending moment at any section of an arch is proportional to the vertical intercept between the linear
arch (or theoretical arch) and the centre line of the actual arch.
Bending moment at X, Mx = Ordinate O2O3

scale factor

Note that this theorem is valid for only vertical loads

5. State and explain Muller-Breslau principle.

In 1886, Heinrich Mller Breslau proposed a technique to draw influence lines quickly. Muller Breslau
principle states that, if we want to sketch the influence line for any force quantity (like thrust, shear,
reaction, support moment or bending moment) in a structure,
i.

we remove from the structure the restraint to that force quantity

ii.

we apply on the remaining structure a unit displacement corresponding to that forces quantity.

Consider a simply supported beam as shown, Let us find out the influence line diagram for reaction A

First of all remove the support corresponding to the reaction and apply a force in the positive direction that
will cause a unit displacement in the direction of RA. The resulting deflected shape will be proportional to
the true influence line for the support reaction at A.