n tt nghip

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

MC LC

NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG

DN..................................................................................................................

NHN XT CA GIO VIN PH

DUYT.............................................................................................................

LI NI U...................................................................................................

CHNG I: GII THIU CHUNG.................................................................

1.Gii thiu chung v cng trnh cu.............................................................

1.1.V tr........................................................................................................

1.2.Quy m v Tiu chun k thut................................................................

1.3.iu kin a cht thy vn.....................................................................

1.4.S lc v c im ni xy dng cu
.......................................................................................................................

1.5.Bin php thi cng...................................................................................

2.Cu to chi tit tr P3.................................................................................

3.Cc phng n thi cng tr P3...................................................................

3.1.Phng n 1:...........................................................................................

3.2.Phng n 2:............................................................................................

CHNG II: THIT K THI CNG..............................................................

1.iu kin thi cng v bin php thi cng

chi tit............................................................................................................
1.1.iu kin thi cng...................................................................................
1.2.Thi cng cc vn thp.............................................................................

1.2.1.K thut thi cng p cc vn thp.........................................................

1.2.2.Tnh ton cc vn thp.........................................................................

1.2.3.Tnh ton khung chng ngang..............................................................

1.3.p o tai tru P3...................................................................................
1.4.Thi cng cc khoan nhi.........................................................................

1.5.Thi cng lp b tng bt y...................................................................

1.5.1. Thit kt tnh ton vn khun b tr.

.......................................................................................................................
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1.6.Tnh ton kim tra thanh x m
H800x300x14x26.........................................................................................

1.6.1.Tnh ton ti trng................................................................................

1.6.2.Kim tra thanh ................................................................................

1.6.3.Tnh ton, kim tra thanh xuyn tm

.......................................................................................................................

1.6.3.1.Tnh ti trng tc dng ln Tai Neo

.......................................................................................................................

1.6.3.2.Kim tra thanh xuyn tm.................................................................

CHNG III : THIT K T CHC THI

CNG................................................................................................................

1.Trnh t thi cng chi tit.............................................................................

1.1.Cng tc chun b...................................................................................

1.2.Cng tc nh v tim tr..........................................................................

1.3.Thi cng p cc LAZEN IV kch thc

400x170x15,5 chiu di L= 12m : chia
lm 2 giai on..............................................................................................

1.4.p o to mt bng xy dng tr P3

.......................................................................................................................
1.5.Thi cng cc khoan nhi.........................................................................

1.6.Thi cng b tr.........................................................................................

1.7.Thi cng thn tr......................................................................................

1.8.Thi cng x m tr..................................................................................

1.9.Cc yu cu khi thi cng tr........................................................

1.10.m bo an ton trong qu trnh thi

cng...............................................................................................................

1.11.Hon thin tr v thi cng cng tr li

mt bng........................................................................................................
2.Ni dung b tr mt bng thi cng cng
trng xy dng cu:....................................................................................
3.Lp tin thi cng...................................................................................

3.1.Gii thiu.................................................................................................
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3.2.Bng tin thi cng..............................................................................

CHNG IV: D TON................................................................................

1.Khi lng cng tc cn d ton...............................................................

2.Bng d ton...............................................................................................

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NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN

H Ni, NgyThngNm 2014

Gio Vin Hng Dn

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NHN XT CA GIO VIN PH DUYT

H Ni, Ngy Thng Nm 2014

Gio Vin Ph Duyt

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LI NI U
Sau thi gian thc tp ti trng H CNG NGH GTVT, Bng s n lc ca bn
thn cng vi s ch bo dy d tn tnh ca cc thy, c trong trng i Hc Cng
Ngh GTVT v cc thy c trong Khoa Cng Trnh ni ring em tch ly c
nhiu kin thc b ch trang b cho cng vic ca mt k s c nhn tng lai.
n tt nghip l kt qu ca s c gng trong sut gn 3 nm hc tp v tm
hiu nhng kin thc ti trng, l s nh gi tng kt cho cng tc hc tp trong
sut thi gian va qua ca mi sinh vin. Trong thi gian lm n ny em c s
gip nhit tnh ca cc thy c trong b mn Cu ng, c bit l s gip
trc tip ca thy Nguyn Huy Chung trong sut thi gian lm n tt nghip.
Do thi gian tin hnh lm n v trnh ly thuyt cng nh cc kinh nghim
thc tin, nn trong tp n ny chc chn s khng trnh khi nhng thiu st
khng mong mun. Em xin knh mong cc thy c trong b mn c bit l thy gio
Nguyn Huy Chung ch bo em c th hon thin hn bi n cng nh nhng
kin thc chuyn mn ca mnh.
Em xin chn thnh cm n !

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CHNG I: GII THIU CHUNG

1.Gii thiu chung v cng trnh cu
1.1.V tr
a im: Cu Ph Li - a Phc Sc Sn
Cu ph li bc qua Sng Cng ti l trnh KM 32+060 trn tuyn ng cao tc
H Ni Thi Nguyn.
1.2.Quy m v Tiu chun k thut
a.
-

Quy m:
Cu Ph Li l cu BTCT nhp gin n c thi cng theo phng php lp ghp.
Cu xy dng vnh cu bng BTCT v BTCT DL
Cu gm 5 nhp gin n, chiu di mi nhp l 40m, tng chiu di cu l 247m.
Dm cu c mt ct hnh ch I: chiu cao l 1,95m; chiu di l 39,5m.
B rng ton cu B = 34m; cu c thit k vi hai chiu i v , b rng mi
chiu l 16 m.
- Mng m tr l mng cc khoan nhi c ng knh D = 1,2m; chiu di cc ph
thuc vo iu kin a cht.
b. Tiu chun k thut:
- Ti trng thit k HL93
- ng 2 u cu theo tiu chun cp 4 ng ng bng
- Tiu chun thit k: tiu chun thit k ng t TCVN 4054-05, TCVN 57291997.
- Tiu chun thit k cu: 22TCN 272-05.

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Mt c t ng ang t i t r
(t l 1:200)
16000
15000

500

16000
15000

500

Tim c u

8250
i=2%

6x2250=13500

3400 100
1000

7000

1250

1250

1000
100 3400

200

6x2250=13500

3400 100
1000

7000

1000 1450
1000

i=2%

Ch ng

1900 74
200
129

8250

1250
1000
100 3400

1000
1000 1450

750

Ch ng

1250

500

Tim c u

750

500

2100

2100

200

200

9000

2100

200

200

2000

9000

600

2000

2100

c c kho an nh i
D=1200

c c kh o an nh i
D=1200

1200

3X3600=10800
13200

1200

4800

1200

3X3600=10800
13200

1200

Hnh 1.1: Mt ct ngang cu

1.3.iu kin a cht thy vn
a. a hnh
- Khu vc ny l a hnh trung du min ni, cao trung bnh thay i t +14 n
+15m. a hnh khu vc xy cu gn khu dn sinh.
b. Thy vn:
- Sng cng bt ngun t vng o kh, tnh Thi Nguyn chy theo hng Ty Bcng Nam.
- Sng di 96km, din tch lu vc l 965 km, cao trung bnh 224m, dc trung bnh
l 27,3 %. Lu lng trung bnh nm l 25 m/s, mun dng chy nm 26 l/s.km.
Ma l t thng 6 n thng 10, chim 74,7% lng nc c nm, thng 8 c lng
dng chy ln nht chim 19,3 lng nc c nm, thng cn kin nht chim
1,8%lng nc c nm.
c. a cht
- Lp 2a, 2b: Lp t st :st bo, st gy, st gy pha ct, t ph xa khng do, t
ph xa do.
- Lp 3b: Lp t ct: ct pha st, ct bn pha st.
- Lp 5a: Lp t ct: hn hp ct cp km, ct pha st , ph xa pha ct st.
- Lp 5b: Lp t ct :hn hp ct, ct pha st, ph xa pha ct st.
- Lp 6: Lp si, cui: si km phn loi, si cp phi tt, si cp phi km vi ct v
bn.
- Lp 7a: bn v ct phong ha hon ton
Lp 7b: bn v ct phong ha va v cao.
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d. Kh tng
Kh hu chia thnh 2 ma r rt. Ma ma t thng 4 n thng 11 hng nm, ma
kh t thng 12 n thng 3 nm sau. Kh hu khu vc ny mang y c im kh
hu Min Bc.
1.4.S lc v c im ni xy dng cu
a.
-

iu kin cung cp nguyn vt lieu

Ngun vt liu ct, si, sn: c th dng vt liu a phng
Vt liu thp: c th s dng thp ca nh my ch to thp Thi Nguyn
Xi mng: hin nay cc nh my xi mng u c xy dng cc tnh, thnh lun p
ng nhu cu xy dng. V vy vn cung cp xi mng cho cc cng trnh xy dng
rt thun li, gi r lun m bo cht lng, s lng m yu cu cng trnh t ra.
b. Nhn lc v my mc
- Cng ti nhn thu c y phng tin v my mc phc v thi cng, i ng k s
lnh ngh , tho vic.
- Cng vic i hi nhiu nhn cng c th thu trong vng
c. iu kin n ca cng nhn
Ln tri c xy dng gn cng trnh. H thng in nc , thng tin lin lc v
cc nhu yu phm dng trong sinh hot c m bo y .
1.5.Bin php thi cng
-

Thi cng tr bng phng php b tng ton khi.

San i mt bng lm ng cng v
Tp kt vt liu, my mc thi cng
Thi cng m v tr trn cn: to mt bng , tin hnh khoan cc khoan nhi bng thit
b chuyn dng.
Thi cng tr di nc: thi cng cc khoan nhi trn h ni, ng vng vy cc vn
thp, o h mng tr bng my kt hp vi o th cng, lp t gio vn khun,
gia cng ct tho, tin hnh b tng ti ch thn tr.
Kt cu nhp: dm BTCT DL c c trn bi c u cu, dng thit b chuyn
dng a dm lao ra v tr t dm. G lan can, dm ngang, mi ni dc b tng
ti ch.
2.Cu to chi tit tr P3.

Mng tr : l mng cc khoan nhi c ng knh D=1,2m; chiu di cc l 12,4m.

Mng tr bao gm 12 cc khoan nhi mi cc cch nhau 3,6m.
B tr l hnh hp ch nht c kch thc 13200x9600x2000 mm.

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9600

1200

2x3600=7200

1200

n tt nghip

1200

3x3600=10800

1200

13200
Hnh 1.2: Mt ct ngang thn tr

- Thn tr c mt ct l hnh ch nht c kch thc 9000x2000 mm, b bo trn 2

u chiu rng bng ng trn bn knh 1000mm. thn tr cao 14813mm.
- X m:

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4
16000

12.9774

1000
13.2974

11.0454

3400

1000
100

7000

1000
100

13.3174
1068 1000

2000

2001

932 1000

i=2%

3400

2000
500 500
500 500
932 1000

11.2294

11.0454

1068 1000

13.2974

12.9774

Hnh 1.3: X m tr
3.Cc phng n thi cng tr P3
Theo bnh th v tr tr P3 nm di nc nn ta c cc phng n thi cng sau:
3.1.Phng n 1:
Phng n p o to mt bng thi cng:
d. p o, thi cng cc vn thp
Cc bc thc hin
- Bc 1: Xc nh ta h thng trc nh v v nh v tim cc.
Cng tc trc a phng tuyn trc v cao trnh c nh v trc khi p cc v c
v tr lu gi cc mc chun cho sut qu trnh thi cng. Vic nh v trc xong s tin
hnh nh v tng v tr c theo bn v k thut thi cng.
- Bc 2: u tin p cc 2 bn t b sng ra n ht v tr tr, sau tin hnh hn gia
c to thnh tng chn cng.
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e.
-

f.
g.
e.
-

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Bc 3: t ct bn trong kt hp vi bao ct r hc bn ngoi to thnh ch

ng vng chc tin hnh thi cng p cc khp kn.
Thi cng cc khoan nhi s dng phng php khoan gu xoay:
Bc 1: Chun b mt bng v kim tra thit b my mc: chun b mt bng thi cng,
mt bng gia cng lng thp, mt bng di chuyn cc thit b phc v cng tc khoan
cc vo v tr,
Bc 2: nh v tim cc khoan nhi v thit lp mc kim tra v tr cc trong sut qu
trnh thi cng.
Bc 3: Khoan v gia cng lng thp
Bc 4: V sinh h khoan v kim tra chiu di cc
Cng tc v sinh h khoan c tin hnh 2 ln: ln 1 tin hnh sau khi khoan xong,
ln 2 tin hnh sau khi h lng thp.
Cng tc kim tra chiu di cc bng thc dy c treo qu ri hoc da vo chiu
di cn khoan.
Bc 5: H lng thp
Bc 6: Tin hnh b tng
Bc 7: Kim tra cht lng cc khoan nhi:
Kim tra sc chu ti ca cc, kim tra cht lng b tng
Thi cng b tr:
Bc 1: o t h mng, b tng bt y
Bc 2: p u cc, thi cng lp lt mng
Bc 3: nh v,lp dng vn khun b tr
Bc 4: b tng b tr n cao thit k v bo dng vn khun
Bc 5: tho d vn khun.
Thi cng thn tr:
Bc 1: lp t h mng v to nhm lp b tng tip gip ca b tr.
Bc 2: xc nh tim thn tr
Bc 3: lp dng gio vn khun, ct thp thn tr.
Bc 4: b tng thn tr v bo dng
Bc 5 tho vn khun thn tr
Thi cng x m tr.
Bc 1: to nhm b tng thn tr phn tip gip
Bc 2: lp dng gio, vn khun, ct thp x m tr
Bc 3: b tng x m tr n cao nh trong thit k
Bc 4: thi cng k gi, hon thin m tr
Bc 5: bo dng b tng, tho vn khun.
3.2.Phng n 2:
Thi cng bng h ni ( x lan)

a.
o
o
o
o

Thi cng cc khoan nhi bng x lan

Bc 1: Chun b
Chun b vt liu, my mc , cc dng c h tr cng tc khoan cc
Xy dng cu dn cp b tng
Bc 2: thi cng h nh v
Tp kt vt t , thit b thi cng ln h ni, xc nh v tr tr.
ng cc nh v ng vch bng cn cu v ba rung.
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o
o
o
o
o
o
o

Bc 3: Thi cng h ng vch

Lp khung lin kt cc nh v v khung dn hng ng vch
Rung h ng vch bng cn cu v ba rung
Bc 4: Khoan to l bng my khoan v gia cng lng thp
Khoan to l n cao thit k
n nh vch khoan bng ng vch v dung dch bentonic
Bc 5: Np dng lng thp
V sinh h khoan
Tin hnh h lng ct thp n cao cn thit k
Bc 6: b tng cc khoan nhi v kim tra cht lng b tng
Tin hnh b tng cc theo phng php b tng di nc, b tng c cp

o
o
b.
c.
o
o
d.
e.
-

bng cu dn cp b tng
Thi cng cc cc cn li nh trn
Thi cng xong hng cc th tin hnh nh cc nh v thi cng cc hng cc tip theo.
Thi cng cc vn thp bng h ni
Bc 1: tp kt cc vn thp, vt liu, my mc ln h ni
Bc 2: inh v v tr cc vn thp
Bc 3: ng cc vn thp bng ba rung v cu
Bc 4: Lp t cc tng khung chng
Thi cng b tr
Bc 1: b tng bt y
Bm ht nc v o t h mng n cao b tng bt y
Thi cng lp b tng bt y bng phng php b tng di nc
Bc 2: v sinh h mng v p u cc
Bc 3: lp b tng lt mng
Bc 4: nh v v lp dng vn khun b tr
Bc 5: gia cng v np dng ct thp b tr
Bc 6: b tng v bo dng
Bc 7: tho d vn khun
Thi cng thn tr
Bc 1: lp t h mng v to nhm lp b tng tip gip ca b tr.
Bc 2: xc nh tim thn tr
Bc 3: lp dng gio vn khun, ct thp thn tr.
Bc 4: b tng thn tr v bo dng
Bc 5 tho vn khun thn tr
Thi cng x m tr.
Bc 1: to nhm b tng thn tr phn tip gip
Bc 2: lp dng gio, vn khun, ct thp x m tr
Bc 3: b tng x m tr n cao nh trong thit k
Bc 4: thi cng k gi, hon thin m tr
Bc 5: bo dng b tng, tho vn khun.

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CHNG II: THIT K THI CNG

1.iu kin thi cng v bin php thi cng chi tit.
1.1.iu kin thi cng.
Theo s liu kho st th ti v tr thi cng tr c nhng c im nh hng n
phng n thi cng nh sau:
- a cht lng sng chia lm lp r rt:
o Lp 2b: Hn hp st bo, st gy, st ln ct, ph xa do, ph xa km do t cao
-2.35 n cao -4,67
o Lp 3b: Hn hp ct pha st, ph xa pha ct st t cao -4,67 n cao -5,87
o Lp 5a: hn hp ct cp km, ct pha st, ph xa pha ct st t cao -5,87 n
cao -9,27
o Lp 5b: hn hp ct, ct pha st, ph xa pha ct st t cao -9,27 n cao
-10.00
- Chnh cao t MNTC n Cao y mng l 7,583 m
- V tr cc gn b hng i Thi Nguyn
Ta chn phng n p o thi cng
1.2.Thi cng cc vn thp
1.2.1.K thut thi cng p cc vn thp
Xc nh v tr cc trn mt bng hin ti theo tuyn thi cng vch sn
Dng cu a cc vo gi p, sau cn chnh c bng my kinh v hoc bng di
cho ng v tr, thng ng v p cc. Khi u trn cc c gn cht vo khung
thp p th iu khin cho khung ng t t p c xung thnh 1 hnh trnh c ti
cc cm su vo t d dng. Nng khung ng ln ng 1 hnh trnh( khng ti) ri
li p xung, c nh vy cho ti khi cc p vo t cho ti su thit k.
Chun b thp dng ni cc theo ng h s thit k
S dng que hn E42A ( hoc que hn Vit c) hn
Dng cu lp a on c trn vo nh on c di vi chiu theo thit k, dng
my kinh v im tra thng ng c theo 2 phng
nh sch g ti v tr cc mi hn
Hn g tm nh v cc bn m
Sau khi kim tra chi tit chnh xc v tim trc, thng ng s tin hnh hn
chnh thc. Yu cu trong qu trnh hn: ng hn phi lin tc, khng ngm x bt.
Chiu cao ng hn khng di 8mm
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Kim tra nghim thu mi ni xong vi tin hnh thi cng tip
Khi hn ni xong tin hnh p c

Bulldozer

Hnh 2.1: Thi cng cc vn thp v p o

hng trong

My ?i

Hnh 2.2: Thi cng cc vn thp v p o hng ngoi

1.2.2.Tnh ton cc vn thp
Cc vn thp Larsen c cc c trng sau:
Chiu di cc

L=12 m

ng sut cho php:

[] = 1900 kg/cm2

ng sut ct cho php

[] = 1235 kg/cm2

Tit din

F = 242,5 cm2

Momen qun tnh

Jx = 38600 cm4

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Momen un

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

Wx = 2270 cm3

a. Nguyn tc tnh ton

thi cng vng vy cc vn thp, cc tng vnh ai c ch to sn trn b sau
a ra v tr thi cng bng cn cu v x lan ri ng cc cc nh v tip da vo
vnh ai ng cc vn thp. Tng cc vn thp c gia c bng cc loi thp
hnh v cc thanh chng ngang chng dc l cc thanh thp gc hay thp c I. Cc b
phn gia c c dt dn trong qu trnh thi cng v c cu to sao cho thun tin
cho qu trnh lp t v tho d vn khun.
h cc vn thp vo t dng h gi ba c t trn x lan trnh cc hng
cc khng b nghing v khp kn theo chu vi th phi t ton b tng hoc mt
on tng vo vo v tr khung dn hng ng cc lm 2 hoc 3 t ty theo chiu
su cc cn ng cc b phn b phn ngm cc u phi c bi trn m trc khi
ng, cc khe h thng ng cn phi bt bng st do trnh nc d d vo.
Cc nguyn tc tnh ton:
- Tnh cho 1m cc vn thp
- Vng vy cc vn thp c coi l tuyt i cng
- p lc t tc dng ln tng cc c ly theo nh lut Culng vi mt ph hoi l
mt phng
- y ta chn vng vy cc vn thp c mt tng khung chng. do cn kim tra v
mt n nh v bn cu cc b phn c trong vng vy.
Ta xt 2 giai on:
- Giai on 1: H mng c o n cao ca y lp b tng b mng. Ht ra
mt phn b nc trong h mng thi cng khung chng , lc ta xem mc
nc trong vng vy gim i 25 % chiu cao mc nc thi cng. Mc nc ht ra ly
bng 0,25x(hn +h) = 0,25(7,383+2,3) = 2.42 m. y ta chn mc nc trong vng
vy gim i 2m.
- Giai on 2: H mng bt y, nc trong vng vy ht cn. Cc vn c xu
hng quay quanh im O nm cch mt trn ca lp b tng bt y khon 0,5 m v
pha di.
b. Tnh ton
Xt giai on 1:
Xc nh chiu su ngm cc

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-0.5 m

E1

-2.35 m

2m

MNTC: +1.50 m

9.683

2.3

3.09

E2

7.383

2.74

P3

P5

E3

P4

E4
P6

Lp 2b: Hn hp st bo, st gy, st ln ct, ph xa do, ph xa km do t cao

-2.35 n cao -4,67
Trng lng n v y ni: 0,8= 1 ( T/m3)
Gc ma st trong = 11
Lc dnh = 1.00 T/m
Lp 3b: Hn hp ct pha st, ph xa pha ct st t cao -4,67 n cao -5,87
0,91= 1 ( T/m3)
= 10
c = 1.00 T/m
Lp 5a: hn hp ct cp km, ct pha st, ph xa pha ct st t cao -5,87 n
cao -9,27
0,92= 1 ( T/m3)
= 12
c = 1.00 T/m
Lp 5b: hn hp ct, ct pha st, ph xa pha ct st t cao -9,27 n cao
-11.77.
0,98= 1 ( T/m3)
= 13
c = 1.00 T/m
D kin cc vn thp s xuyn qua 4 lp
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S khc nhau gia lp 2b v lp 3b

=

1110
11 100%= 9 %

0,80.91
0,8 = %

13,7 =%100

S khc nhau gia lp 3b v 5a

=

1012
12 100%= 16 %

0,920.91
0.91 = %

1,09 =%100

S khc nhau gia lp 3b v 5a

=

1213
12 100%= 8,3 %

6,5 =%100

0,920.98
0.92 = %

S khc nhau ca , ca 2 lp t < 20% nn ta quy v lp t tng ng c:

c = tb=(0,82,32+0,911,2+0,923,4+0,982,5)/(2,32+1,2+3,4+2,5)
= 0,905(T/m3)
tb=(112,32+101,2+123,4+132,5)/(2,32+1,2+3,4+2,5)
= 12
Do t b ng nm 2 lp 5a v 5b, nn b bng t ca 2 lp trn
b = (0,923,4+0,982,5)/(3,4+2,5) = 0,95 T/m3
Cc h s:
H s vt ti ca p lc t ch ng nc=1,2
H s vt ti ca p lc t b ng nb=0,8
H s vt ti cu p lc thy tnh n=1,2
H s p lc t ch ng
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c= Tg2(450- /2)=tg2(450 60)=0,65

H s p lc t b ng
b= Tg2(450+ /2)=tg2(450 + 60)=1,07

p lc thy tnh
P1 = h1 n = 2 T/m
E1=

1
1
h12 n =
2
2

0,2422 1 = 2 (T)

P2 = P1 = 2 T/m
E2 = h2 P2 = 2 (9,683+X -2 ) = 15,36 + 2X (T)
p lc t ch ng: Pc = c h c 2c
Ti h = 0: P3 = 2c

= -1,612 T/m

Ti h = 5,583+X: P4 = 0,905 (5,583+X) 0.65 -1,612 = 0,062X - 1,25

1
2

= > E3 =

P4 (3,09+X) = 0,5 (0,062X - 1,25) x (3,09+X)

E3 = 0,062X2 1,06X 3,86 (T)

p lc t b ng: Pb = b h b + 2c
Ti h = 0: P5 = 2c

= 2,07 T/m

Ti h = X: P6 = 0,95 X 1,07 + 2,07 = 1,02X + 2,07 (T/m)

= > E4 =

1
2

(P5 + P6) X

E4 =

1
2

(2,07 + 1,02X + 2,07 ) X = 0,51X + 2,07X (T/m)

iu kin m bo n nh chng lt
ML mMg

(1)

ML: Tng momen cc lc gy lt i vi im O

Mg: Tng momen cc lc gi i vi im O
m h s iu kin lm vic m=0,95
ML = M1 + M2 + M3
M1 = 222/3= 2,67
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M2 = 2/3 (15,26+ 2X) (9,683+ 0,5X) =0,67X2 + 18,02X + 98,51

M3 = (0,062X2 1,06X 3,86)[ 2/3(3,09+X)+6,59]
=0,04X3 0,66X2 23,57X 33,39
= > ML = 0,04X3 + 0,01X2 5,55X + 67,79
Mg= E4 (9,683 + 0,44X) = 0,22X3 + 5,85X2 + 20X
Do :
0,04X3 0,66X2 23,57X 33,39 0.95 (0,22X3 + 5,85X2 + 20X)
< = > 0,61X3 +11,35X2 +43,72X 31,61 0
Suy ra : X 0.62
Ta Chn X = 1,5m.
Xt giai on 2 : Tnh duyt cng cc vn thp
B tng bt y xong v nc trong h mng ht cn.
S tnh cc vn thp l dm gin n k ln 2 gi l thanh chng v im O
cch mt trn ca lp b tng bt y l 0,5 m v pha di.
S tnh:
MNTC: +1.50 m

E3

7.883

7.383

E1

9.683

-0.5 m
-2.35 m

2m

E1

0.5

E3

2.3

p lc thy tnh : E1
p lc ngang ch ng: E3
Khi kim tra cng ca tit din cc vn thp ta c th ly momen ln nht
trong cc vn thp l momen gy lt.
Ta tnh E1, E3:
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P1 = n h1 = 1 7,88 = 7,88 T/m

E1 = 1/2 n 7,8832 = 31,07 (T)
P3 =

h3 c = 1,2 0,905 4,03 0,65 = 2,84 T/m

E3 = 1/2

4,032 c nc= 1/20,905 4,032 0,65 1,2= 5,73 (T)

MA = 0 E1 l1 + E3 l3 - VB l = 0
31,07 1/37,883 + 5,73 1/3 4,03 VB 7,883 = 0
= > VB = 11,33 T
MB = 0 E1 l1 + E3 l3 - VB l = 0
31,07 2/37,883 + 5,73 (7,883 - 1/3 4,03) VA 7,883 = 0
= > VA = 25,47 T
Gi z l khong cch gia A v v tr c Mmax nn :
Z = (E1 1/37,883 + E3 1/3 4,03)/(E1 + E3) = 2,43
Do : Mmax = z VB = 5,25 11,33 = 59,25 (T.m)
ng sut: max = Mmax / W = (59,25 105 )/2270 = 2622 kG/cm2
= > max > Ru = 2100 kG/cm2
Kl: khng tha mn.
Do ta phi b tr tng khung chng th 2.
Ta b tr tng khung chng th 2 cao - 2,5m
-

S tnh
MNTC: +1.50 m

3.883

E1
E3

2.3

Ta c s tnh ton cng cc vn thp:

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7.883

0.5

E3
1.34

2.63

E1

3.883

7.383

-2.5 m

9.683

-2.35 m

4.00

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SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

E3

P3
E1

P1
A

3.88

7.883

Biu phn lc gi:

T biu ta c:
VA = 143,2 kN
VB = 5,3 kN
VC = 219 kN
-

Biu momen:

T biu ta c :
Mmax = 96,8 kN.m
Cc vn thp Larsen IV c cc c trng sau:
ng sut cho php:
Momen un

[] = 1900 kg/cm2
Wx = 2270 cm3

Kim tra:
ng sut ln nht :
max = Mmax / W = (96,8 104 )/2270 = 308 kG/cm2
ng sut cho php: [] = 1900 kG/cm2
= > max = []
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Kt lun: Cc vn thp tha mn iu kin v cng .

1.2.3.Tnh ton khung chng ngang
Khung chng c b tr gi n nh cc vn thp trong khi thi cng.
H khung chng l cc thanh thp hnh H 3501005,58
Do c 2 tng khung chng: tng 1 v tr B c cao +1,5m v tang 2 v tr C c
cao 2,5m.
Tng khung chng chu bt li nht l tng khung chng th 2 cao -2,5m.
Nn ta tnh ton kim tra h khung chng tng 2.
Lc tc dng vo h khung chng ti C l ti trng ri u v bng phn lc ti gi
C khi tnh ton kim tra cng cc vn thp do p lc nc v t tc dng :
q = VC = 219 kN/m.
- S tnh ton:

3000

q= 219kN/m

11600

4000

15200

H350

- M hnh v tnh trn Midas ta c kt qu sau

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- Biu momen( n v kN.m):

Biu lc ct ( n v kN/m2):

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Biu ng sut ( n v l N/mm2)

Kim tra thanh H350:

- T cc biu trn ta c ng sut ln nht max = 149,6 N/mm2
- H350 c cc c trng sau: Wx = 2300 cm3 ; F = 173,9 cm2
- ng sut cho php [] = 1900 kG/cm2 = 190 N/mm2

- Ta thy : max < []

Kt lun: H khung chng tha mn iu kin v cng .
1.3.p o tai tru P3
-

Do v tr xy dng cu nm ngay trong th trn, khu ny c ng quy hoch, cho

nn vic thi cng san nn rt thun tin v cung cp vt t bng ng b, do vy
thun tin cho cng tc vn chuyn ct bng t.
m bo tin cung cp t cho san mt bng cng trnh nh thu s s dng
05 t trng ti ln vn chuyn lin tc. m bo c ng tm thi cng vn
chuyn vt liu hng thi cng t trong ra ngoi.
Ton b mt bng c chia thnh 2 khu vc thi cng:
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o Khu vc 1: pha t b ra n chn hng cc Larsen IV b rng khong 15m bng

my xc. Ct san nn s c san thnh tng lp, mi lp dy 30cm v m cht
tng lp bng my m cc t K = 0,95 p n cao theo ch dn ca K s
TVGS.
o Khu vc 2: ton b din tch pha trong vng vy cc vn thp Larsen IV tin hnh

thi cng san ct bng my. Dng my san gt san ct thnh tng lp, mi lp dy
30 cm, m cht tng lp, p n cao theo ch dn ca k s TVGS.
Ly mu th nhim: vic ly mu th nhim tin hnh ly mu theo tng lp, din
tch ly mu theo quy phm hin hnh.

1.4.Thi cng cc khoan nhi

S dng phng php khoan gu xoay v khoan p cp bng my khoan Kelly
KH180. Phng php ny c p dng rt nhiu trong cc d n ln m nh thu
thi cng
Thi cng cc khoan nhi tr P3 bao gm: pha h lu thi cng 12 cc v thng
lu thi cng 12 cc ng knh D=1200mm v di L= 12,4m.
Qu trnh thi cng cc khoan nhi tun theo cc tiu chun sau:
Tiu chun kim tra v nghim thu kt cu BTCT : TCVN 4453-95
Tiu chun thi cng nghim thu b tng : TCXDVN 305-04
Tiu chun th nghim b tng, cp phi b tng: ASTM CI0077
Ch dn k thut ca d n: Phn III, hng mc 10.01 (2).
1.5.Thi cng lp b tng bt y
a. Tnh ton chiu di lp b tng bt y
Chiu dy lp b tng bt y phi tha mn 2 iu kin sau
o Thng p lc y ni
o m bo cng
iu kin 1: trng lng ca b tng phi ln hn sc ni ca nc. Xt trng
-

hp c k n lc ma st gia cc v b tng
Gi X l chiu dy lp b tng bt y
Xt cho trng hp c k n ma st gia cc v b tng
Cng thc kim tra: Pn k (P1 + P2 + P3)
Lc y ni: Pn = (h+X).F. n = 7,383+X) x176,32 x 1
=1301,77+176,32X

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Trng lng b tng bt y : P1 = FX b

=176,32X 2,3
=405,54X
Lc ma st gia b tng bt y v cc khoan nhi
P2 = u X T n= 3,14 1,2 X 2 12= 90,43 X
Lc ma st gia b tng v cc vn thp
P3= X T 2 m= 0,63 X 4 134= 337,68X
1301,77 + 176,32X 0,9 (406,89X + 90,43 X + 337,68X)
1301,7 (405,540,9 + 90.430.9+ 337,68 0.9 176,32)
X 2,27
Chon X= 2,3 m
F: l din tch h mng
F=15,211,6= 176,32(m2)
X: l chiu dy lp b tng bt y
h: l chiu cao t y mng n mt nc thi cng
h= 1,5+ 5,883= 7,383 m
k: h s iu kin lm vic k=0,9
n: s cc trong mng m=12
m: l s cc vn thp cn dng (m = 134)
u: chu vi cc u = d =3,141,2 = 3,768 m
T: lc ma st gia cc v b tng bt y (= 2 T/m2)
n l trng lng n v ca nc (ly =1)
b l trng lng n v ca b tng( = 2,3 )
chu vi mt ct ngang cc vn thp tip xc vi b tng bt y(=0.63m)
T 2 lc ma st n v gia b tng v cc vn thp = (4 T/m2)
iu kin 2: tha mn iu kin v cng
Kim tra ng sut ca b tng bt y:
Tnh ton cho 1m b tng bt y
- Lc y ni: Pn = H w = (2,3+7,383) 1= 9,683 (T/m)
- Trng lng bn thn b tng bt y: Pbt =X b = 2,3 2,3= 5,29 (T/m)
Pbt

A-A
A

Pdn

1m

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Khu tnh ton l khong cch gia cc cc : l= 3,6m

Momen khng un: W = bh2 /6= 1 2,32,3/6 = 0,88 m3
Mo mem ln nht: M= ql2 /8 = (9,683-5,29) 3,63,6 / 8 = 7,12 (T.m)
ng sut ln nht: max =M/W = 7,12/0,88 = 8,09 (T/ m2 )

max = 0,809 (kg/c m2 )

-

B tng bt y mc 200 c ng sut cho php l : [] = 6,5 (kg/c m2 )

Ta c : max = 0,809 (kg/c m2 ) < [] = 6, (kg/c m2 )

Tha mn
Thi cng b tng bt y
b tng bt y bng phng php ng
Th tch b tng cn l : V= 11,6 15,2 2,3= 405,54 ( m3 )
Ni dung:
b tng vo phu, phu phi c nt gi, thi btng lng tnh ton th ct dy
nt gi sau lin tc, va va nng dn ng ln theo chiu thng ng , tuyt
i khng c dch chuyn ngang. u ng lun ngp trong b tng 1 khong theo
quy nh
- Phng php ny cho nng sut cao v cho nng sut hn c v hn ch mt tip xc
gia b tng v nc.
Thit b:
- ng : c lm bng thp, l nhng ng np ghp tng on c tit din hnh trn
ng knh D= 20 cm, chiu dy ng l 4mm.
- Phu: c lm bng thp c b dy 4mm, xung quanh c np bng thp gc tng
cng cng
- Nt gi: c lm bng thp hoc bng cao su. Yu cu ca nt gi l d tt xung v
ni ln trn mt nc khi ra khi ng.
- Khi b tng bt y:
o Phu c th tch < 3 m3 v > 1,5 ln th tch ng m bo p lc, khi lng v

b.

vn tc b tng khi .
o S lng ng ty thuc vo din tch h mng, bn knh tc dng v nng sut my
trn b tng
o m bo nng sut b tng qua ng > 0,3 0,4 m3 b tng trn 1 din tch h
mng v h trong 1h.
o Cng ca be tng bt y chn cao hn cng thit k 1520 %, b tng c
st ln d xung v khng b tc, st thng 1820 cm.
o b tng di nc phi chun b chu o, lin tc, cng nhanh cng tt
o Sau khi b tng t cng 50 kg/c m2 th tin hnh ht nc.
1.5.1. Thit kt tnh ton vn khun b tr.
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a. Tnh ton ti trng

- Gi s nng sut trm trn l : N = 50 m3/ h.
- Th tch ca b m: V(b m) = a b h = 9,6 13,2 2 = 253,44 m3
= > Khi lng b tng cn b l Vbt = 253,44 m3
Vy thi gian b tng l : t = Vbt / N = 253,44 / 50 = 5.07 h
Vn tc b tng l: vbt = h / t = 2/ 5.07 = 0.39 m/h.
Ta c vbt < 0,5 nn p lc ca b tng c tnh bi cng thc :
Pbt = bt C
Trong :
Pbt l p lc ngang ca b tng ti (kG/m2)
bt l khi lng ring b tng ti (kG/m3), bt=2350 kG/m3
Rt l bn knh nh hng do m rung trong Rt=0,75m.
Do : Pbt = 2350 0,75 = 1762,5 kG/m2
- p lc xung kch khi b tng: q = 400 kG/m2
- Tng p lc tc dng ln vn khun l :
Pmax = q + Pbt = 400 + 1762,5 = 2162,5 kG/m2
b. Kim tra kch thc ca thnh bn vn khun.

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- Chiu di khong tnh ton ca sng ngang Lvr = 30 cm

- Chiu di khong tnh ton ca sn dc Lhr = 50 cm
- Chiu di cnh tnh ton b mt vn khun trong thng ng: a = 50 cm
- Chiu di cnh tnh ton b mt vn khun trong ngang: b = 30 cm
c. Tnh ton sn ngang
Sn ngang c tnh ton nh mt dm lin tc c di Lhr

qn

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Lc tc dng ln sn ngang:
qhr = n Lvr Pmax = (1,3 50 2162,5)/10000=14,06 ( kG/cm)
qhrtc = Lvr Pmax = 10,81 ( kG/cm)
Momen ln nht tc dng ln sn ngang

Mmax = (q(n) x Ln2)/8 = 1054,22 kG.cm

ng sut ln nht :

x
h

h= 8
= 0.5

cm
cm

Momen chng un :
Wx = ( x h2)/6 = 5.333(cm3)
Vy ng sut ln nht:
Max = 1054,22/5,33 =197,67 kG/cm2
Ta c bn un ca thp l: Ru = 1900 kG/cm2
kim tra theo trng thi gii hn 1 v cng (TTGH1):
max Ru
Nh n thy: max = 197,67 < Ru = 1900 kG/cm2
V y sn nm ngang t yu cu v cng .
Tnh lch sn ngang
Fmax = (qhrtc x Lhr4)/(384 x E x Jx)
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Trong :
E: l m un n hi ca thp.
E = 2100000 kG/cm2
J: l m men qun tnh ca Sn nm ngang.
J = ( x h3)/12 = 21.33 cm4
cng cho php l: [f] = Ln/400 v y [f] = 0.075 cm.
V y : fmax = 0.001 cm
Ta c fmax < [f]
V y sn nm ngang t yu cu v cng.
d. Kim tra sn dc
Khu tnh ton : L = 75cm
qhr = n Lhr Pmax = (1,3 30 2162,5)/10000=8,43 ( kG/cm)
qhrtc = Lhr Pmax = 6,49 ( kG/cm)
y

x
h

Chn:
h=8

cm

=0,5

cm

Wx = ( x h2)/6 = 5,33 cm3

Ta c bn un ca thp l: Ru = 1900 kG/cm2
M men ln nht nh hng ti sn ng:
Mmax = (qhrx L)/12 = 5930 kG/cm2
h= 8
= 0.5
V y max = 1111,87 kG/cm2

cm
cm

Nh n thy: max = 1111,87 < Ru = 1900 kG/cm2

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V y Sn ng t yu cu v cng .
f max

5 * qvrtc .L4
384 E.J x

Tnh ton vng ca sn dc

Trong :
E: l m un n hi ca thp:
E = 2100000 kG/cm2
Jx: l m men qun tnh ca sn ng:
Jx = ( x h3)/12 = 21,33 cm4
cng cho php l:
[f] = L/400 = 0,188 cm
V y : fmax = 0.06 cm
Ta c fmax < [f]
V y sn ng t yu cu v cng.
e. Tnh ton b mt ca vn khun
- B m t ca vn khun s c tnh nh m t tm tn c 4 cnh l: a x b (cm)
Tnh ton lc tc dng ln b m t ca vn khun:
Mmen ln nht tm a x b nh hng n mt ca vn khun:
MMax = .q(v).a.n/10000
Bng tra h s v :
a/b

1,00
0,0513

1,25
0,0665

1,50
0,0757

1,75
0,0817

2,00
0,0829

2,25
0,0833

0,0138

0,0199

0,0240

0,0264

0,0277

0,0281

Trong :
H s ph thu c vo t l gia a:b ( a:b = 1.67 )

max

M max
Wx

Tra bng n i suy ra h s =0,0798

MMax = 56,08 kG/cm2

ng sut ln nht:

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y
x

Wx: l m men chng un ln nht ca tm tn (cm3)

Ta chn:

30
0.5

cm
cm

V y: Wx = b x 2/6 = 1.25 cm3

ng sut ln nht l:
Max = 44,87 Kg/cm2
Nh n thy: Max = 44,87< Ru = 1900 kG/cm2
V y b m t ca vn khun m bo yu cu v TTGH v cng .
Kim tra vng ti trung tm ca tm
vng ca tm vn ti im trong ha c tnh theo cng thc sau:
f=

. qv b
E 3

Trong :
: l h s ph thu c vo t s gia a:b (a:b) =1,67
E: l m un n hi ca thp. E= 2100000 kG/cm2.
Tra bng n i suy ra h s = 0.0135
V y : f = 0.009 cm
[f] = b/400 = 0.075 cm
V y : f < [f]
Vn m t vn khun t yu cu v cng.
f. Kim tra thanh np ngang

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S tnh ton cho khung chng:

1

Tnh ton ti trng cho thanh H

Tnh ton cho dm ch H c kch thc nh sau:
q = n x q(v) x 80/10000
qtc = n x q
q=
qtc =
L=

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16,2
188,8

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kG/cm
cm

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Kim tra cng

Momen ln nht tc dng ln khung ngang h tr
M max

q.L
8

93,746 kG.cm
Jx

436

(cm4)

Wx

87

(cm3)

Ru

190
0

(kG/cm2)

Vi: Kch thc ca thanh thp hnh H - 100-100-6-8 cm

M men qun tnh ti trc x (Jx):
M men chng un ti trc x (Wx)
bn un ln nht ca thp (Ru):
Ta c:
Cc i mmen un, Mmax :
Lc trt cc i,
Tnh ng sut

Mmax

93,746

(kG.cm)

Qmax

1988

(kG)

Qmax :

1075

(kG/cm2)

()

M max
Ru
Wx

Cng thc tnh:

V y khung chng ng c tit di n ch H-200 t yu cu v cng .
Kim tra v vng:

f max

5 * qtc .L4
384 E.J x

vng ln nht c tnh theo

cng thc
vng cho php: [f] = L/400
Suy ra: [f] = 0.47 cm
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fmax = 0.29 cm
V y : fmax<[f]
Kim tra thanh chng ng v y kt lu n: Thanh chng ng t yu cu v
cng.

505

750

745

f. Tnh cng thanh xuyn tm

ng knh : D =26 mm
p lc b tng: Pmax = 2162,5kG/m2
Din tch tc dng : Ftd = 0,75 1.89 = 1,42 m2
Lc ko tc dng vo thanh xuyn tm: N= Pmax Ftd = 3058,86 kG
Ta c: ko = N/ A vi A l tit din thanh xuyn tm
A = 3,14 x 0,0262 = 21,23 m2
= > ko = 144,11 kG/m2
V ko < fy = 420 kG/m2
Vy thanh xuyn tm t yu cu k thut.
g. Kim tra thanh np ng
- Thanh np ng c cu to l 2 thanh [ 125x65x6x8 ghp li
- Thanh chu tc dng lc ngang l cc lc ko ca thanh xuyn tm
- Lc tc dng P = N = 30,59 kN

Lp 62CCCD11

Thanh xuyn tm

Page 37

 n tt nghip

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

- S tnh ton:
-

S tnh ton:

30.59kN

A
0.75

30.59kN

0.75

Biu mo men

Mmax = 3,8 kN.m

Wx = 230 cm3
max = Mmax / Wx = 3,8 104/230 = 166 kG/cm2

max < [] = 1900 kG/cm2

= > tha mn.
-

Kim tra vng:

cng thc: fmax= Pl3 /6EJ = 30,57104 753 /62100000828
=0,12 cm
fmax< [f] = 75/400 = 0,19 cm
= > tha mn.

Lp 62CCCD11

Page 38

 n tt nghip

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

1.6.Tnh ton kim tra thanh x m H800x300x14x26.

1.6.1.Tnh ton ti trng
Coi ti trng tc dng ln thanh l trng lng h , vn khun thnh, vn
khun y, v b tng ct thp 2 cnh ca x m.
V khi lng ca 2 cnh l tng ng nhau nn ta tnh cnh phi
a. Vn khun thnh.
- Khi lng ca 1m2 vn khun thnh:

450

1000

450

1000

300

300

300

Tng chiu di sn ngang v sng dc l : L = 6x1000= 6000 mm

Thanh sn c tit din F= 100x5 = 500 mm2
Khi lng n v 7850 kg/m3
= > khi lng thanh sn A1 = 6x5x10-4 x 7850 =23,55 kg.
Vn tm : 5x1000x1000 mm
Khi lng n v 7850 kg/m3
= > khi lng 1m2vn tm l A2 = 5x10-3 x7850 = 39,25 kg
Do : 1m vn khun thnh c khi lng:
A = A1 + A2 = 62,8 kg.
Khi lng vn khun thnh:

2T

2453

1T

Din tch vn khun thnh: S = 3,447(1,567+2,453) + 2 x 1,211 = 16,28 m2

Vy khi lng vn khun thnh l:
Lp 62CCCD11

Page 39

1211

2000

3447

1567

 n tt nghip

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

Gt = 16,28 x 62,8 = 1022,38 kg

b. Vn khun y
- Khi lng 1m2 vn khun y

400

1000

400

1000

300

300

300

Tng chiu di sn ngang v sng dc l : L = 6x1000= 6000 mm

Thanh sn c tit din F= 100x5 = 500 mm2
Khi lng n v 7850 kg/m3
= > khi lng thanh sn B1 = 6x5x10-4 x 7850 =23,55 kg.
Vn tm : 5x1000x1000 mm
Khi lng n v 7850 kg/m3
= > khi lng 1m2vn tm l B2 = 5x10-3 x7850 = 39,25 kg
Do : 1m vn khun thnh c khi lng:
B = B1 + B2 = 62,8 kg.
-

Khi lng c tm vn khun y

4060

2000

1T

Din tch vn khun thnh: S = 4,06 x 2 = 8,12 m2

Vy khi lng vn khun thnh l:
G = 8,12 x 62,8 = 509,94 kg
c. Khi lng b tng ct thp
- Ta chia th tch b tng ca cnh x m ra thnh 4 phn tc dng ln 4 thanh .
Th tch BTCT:
V1 = 2 x 0,92 x (2+1,73)/2 = 3,43 m3
V2 = 2 x 1 x (1,73+1,44)/2 = 3,17 m3
V3 = 2 x 1 x(1,44 +1,14)/2 = 2,58 m3
V4 = 2 x 0,48 x (1+1,14)/2 = 1,03m3
Lp 62CCCD11

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SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

Khi lng ring ca BTCT l b = 2,5 T/m3

Khi lng ca BTCT l:
Gb1 = V1 x b = 3,43 x 2,5 = 8,57 T
Gb2 = V2 x b = 3,17 x 2,5 = 7,93 T
Gb3 = V3 x b = 2,58 x 2,5 = 6,45 T
Gb4 = V4 x b = 1,03 x 2,5 = 2,57 T

V3

Ti trng ti mi v tr trn mi thanh l

G1 = Gb1/2 = 8,57/ 2 = 4,285 T
G2 = Gb2/2 = 7,93/ 2 = 3,965 T
G3 = Gb3/2 = 6,45/ 2 = 3,225 T
G4 = Gb4/2 = 2,57/ 2 = 1285 T
d. Khi lng ct thp ca h .
- Hnh dng ca h cnh phi

Bng khi lng ct thp ca h :

Lp 62CCCD11

Page 41

480

V4

100 0

V2

1000

1140

173 0

200 0

V1

143 6

920

3400
1000

 n tt nghip

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

KHUNG PHI

K hiu
thanh

Trng lng
n v

Kch thc

H4

H-

200

200

10

C5R

][-

200

90

HL2R

L-

100

100

HL3R

L-

100

100

HL4R

L-

100

100

HL5R
HL6R
HL7R
HL8R
HL9R
HL10R
HL11R
HL12R
HL13R
SQ1
SQ2
SQ3R
SQ4R
SQ5R
SQ6R
SQ7R
SQ8R
SQ9R
SQ10R
SQ11R
SQ12R
PL5
PL6
PL7

LLLLLLLLL[][][][][][][][][][][][]PLPLPL-

100
75
75
75
50
50
50
50
75
100
100
50
50
50
50
50
50
100
100
100
100
173
200
275

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

100
75
75
75
50
50
50
50
75
100
100
50
50
50
50
50
50
100
100
100
100
82
34
120

x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

PL8

PL-

100

PL9L

PL-

2000

100
335
7

PI3
RB2
RB5
RB6

O-60
D30
D30
D14

Lp 62CCCD11

1
6
1
4
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
9
9
9
5
5
5
5
9
4
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
4
4
4
4
8
8
4
1
0

THK

49.9

kG/m

THK

60.6

kG/m

THK

15.1

kG/m

THK

15.1

kG/m

THK

15.1

kG/m

THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK
THK

15.1
9.02
9.02
9.02
3.77
3.77
3.77
3.77
9.02
11.95
11.95
3.23
3.23
3.23
3.23
3.23
3.23
11.95
11.95
11.95
11.95
7850
7850
7850

kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m3
kG/m3
kG/m3

THK

7850

kG/m3

THK

7850

kG/m2

THK
THK
THK
THK
Tng ( kg )

15.9
5.55
5.55
1.21

kG/m
kG/m
kG/m
kG/m

2
1
4

Page 42

chiu
di
thanh
(Li)
(mm)
2730
2730
3320
1142
1042
921
1320
1400
1150
1730
1610
1590
1800
1600
4750
2000
1630
1630
1570
1570
1530
1530
940
650
380
140
60
462
372
60

Khi
lng 1
thanh
[kg]
136.23
165.44
50.13
17.24
15.73
13.91
11.91
12.63
10.37
6.52
6.07
5.99
6.79
14.43
56.76
23.90
5.27
5.27
5.08
5.08
4.95
4.95
11.23
7.77
4.54
1.67
0.89
0.43
1.04
0.79
105.41
0.95
2.56
2.06
0.07

S
thanh

Tng
khi
lng
[kg]

409

331

201

69

63

56

4
4
4
2
2
2
3
1
5
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
2
3
16

48
51
41
13
12
12
20
14
284
96
5
5
5
5
5
5
45
31
18
7
2
1
17

16

13

105

16

15

12
4
32

31
8
2
2040

 n tt nghip

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

Ta c tng khi lng ca h :

Gh = 2040 kg
e.
-

Ti trng ngi thi cng

Ti trng n v 250 kG/m2
Din tch x m F= 16 x 2 = 32 m2
Ti trng ca ngi thi cng l: 32 x 250 = 8000 kg = 80 kN
Ti trong ngi tc dng ln 1 thanh H 800 l ti trng ri u q
q = 80/(2x17.3)= 2,3 kN/m
f. Ti trng tc dng ln 1 thanh H 800
- Ti trng ri u q = 2.3 kN/m
- Ti trng do vn khun thnh, vn khun y v h
Tng ti trng do vn khun thnh, vn khun y v h l
G = Gt + G + Gh = 1022,38 + 509,94 + 2040 = 3572,32 Kg
V mi cnh u c 2 thanh H 800 chu lc , nn 1 thanh H mi cnh chu 1 ti Trng
Po = G/2 x 10 = (3572,32 x 10)/2 N = 17861,6N = 17,86
Ti trng trn chia u ra thnh 4 lc bng nhau t ti cc v tr thanh chng ca h
.
P = Po/4 =17,86 / 4 = 4,47 kN
- Ti trng do BTCT Tc dng ln mi thanh H 800
G1 = Gb1/2 = 8,57/ 2 = 4,285 T = 42,85 kN
G2 = Gb2/2 = 7,93/ 2 = 3,965 T = 39,65 kN
G3 = Gb3/2 = 6,45/ 2 = 3,225 T = 32,25 kN
G4 = Gb4/2 = 2,57/ 2 = 1285 T = 12,85 kN
Ti trng ti cc v tr tnh ton:
P1 = P + G1 = 4,47 + 42,85 = 47,32 kN
P2 = P + G2 = 4,47 + 39,65 = 44,12 kN
P3 = P + G3 = 4,47 + 32,25 = 36,72 kN
P4 = P + G4 = 4,47 + 12,85 = 17,32 kN
1.6.2.Kim tra thanh
P4

P3

P2

P1

P1

P2

P3

P4

450 1150 1050 950

2150

5800
17300

Lp 62CCCD11

Page 43

2150

950 1050 1150

450

 n tt nghip

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

Tnh bng phn mm midas ta c

Biu momen:

Momen ln nht Mmax= 705,9kN.m = 7059000kG.cm

Thp H800 c Wx = 8100 cm3
ng sut : max= Mmax/ Wx = 871 kG/cm2
max < [] = 1900kG/cm2
= > tha mn
Biu vng:

Ta c vng ln nht fmax= 0.025 m =25 mm.

Do ta phi tng cao vn khun ln 25 mm m bo trong qu trnh b
tng x m t ng cao thit k.
1.6.3.Tnh ton, kim tra thanh xuyn tm
T4

T2

T1

Tai Neo

Thanh H800

1.6.3.1.Tnh ti trng tc dng ln Tai Neo

a. Ti trng vn khun.
Ti trng ca 1 m2 vn khun
Khi lng ca 1m2 vn khun thnh:

Lp 62CCCD11

T3

Page 44

 n tt nghip

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

450

1000

450

1000

300

300

300

Tng chiu di sn ngang v sng dc l : L = 6x1000= 6000 mm

Thanh sn c tit din F= 100x5 = 500 mm2
Khi lng n v 7850 kg/m3
= > khi lng thanh sn A1 = 6x5x10-4 x 7850 =23,55 kg.
Vn tm : 5x1000x1000 mm
Khi lng n v 7850 kg/m3
= > khi lng 1m2vn tm l A2 = 5x10-3 x7850 = 39,25 kg
Do : 1m vn khun thnh c khi lng:
A = A1 + A2 = 62,8 kg.
Din tch Vn khun thnh (2 bn)

T1

2453

1588

5845

2725

Lp 62CCCD11

Page 45

 n tt nghip

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

T2

2453

4500

T3

2453

1567

5855

2409

Din tch tm T1 l : S1 = (5845x1588) + (2453-1588)x(2725+5845)/2

=12988385 mm2 = 12,99 m2
Din tch tm T2 l: S2 = (4500x2453) = 11038500 mm2 = 11,04 m2
Din tch tm T3 l: S3 = (5855x1567) + (2453 1567)x(2409 + 5855)/2
=12835737 mm2 = 12,84 m2
Din tch tm T3 l: S3 = (2000x1246) = 2492000 mm2 = 24,94 m2
= > Tng din tch vn khun thnh(2 bn) l
Sb = 2 x (S1 + S2 + S3 + S4)= 2x(12,99 + 11,04 + 12,84 + 2,94) = 39,81 m2

Lp 62CCCD11

Page 46

 n tt nghip

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

Din tch vn khun y

Din tch vn khun y

S = 4050 x 2000 = 8100000 mm2 = 8,1 m2
Khi lng vn khun:
Gv = A x ( Sb + S ) = 62,8 x ( 39,81 + 8,1) = 3008,75 kg
b. Ti trng ca h (2 bn)

Trong phn tnh ton thanh H800 phn trn ta tnh c khi lng ca h
bn phi l 20400 kg
Do khi lng h ca 2 bn l tng ng nhau nn khi lng h 2 bn l:
Gh = 2 x 20400 = 40800 kg
c. Khi lng ca thanh np ngang.

- Thanh nep ngang c dng ][ , c ghp bi 2 thanh [ 150x75x6.5x10

- Mi bn c :
o 1 thanh di 16485mm
Lp 62CCCD11

Page 47

 n tt nghip
o
o
o
-

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

1 thanh di 12537mm
1thanh di 8243 mm
2 thanh di 4022 mm
Tng chiu di ca thanh np ngang 2 bn l
B = 2x(14685 + 12537 + 8243 + 2x4022) = 87018 mm = 87, 02 m
Khi lng ca thanh trn 1m chiu di l 37,2 kg/m
Tng khi lng ca thanh np ngang l:
Gn = 37,2 x B = 37,2 x 87,02 = 3237 kg
d. Khi lng ca BTCT 2 cnh x m.

2000

1000

3400

Th tch BTCT ca 1 cnh x m l

V = 3/2 x 2 x 3,4 x 1 = 10,2 m3
- Trng lng n v ca BTCT l 2,5 T/m3
- V 2 cnh ca x m l tng ng nn tng khi lng ca 2 cnh x m l:
Gb = 2 x 2,5 x 10,2 = 51 T= 51000 kg
e. Ti trng ca thanh H800
- Chiu di thanh l L= 17300 mm.
- Khi lng n v l 210kg/m
- Khi lng 2 thanh l G = 2 x210 x 17,3 = 7266 kg
f. Ti trng ngi
- Ti trng n v 250 kG/m2
- Din tch x m F= 16 x 2 = 32 m2
- Ti trng ca ngi thi cng l: Gng = 32 x 250 = 8000 kg
g. Tng khi lng tc dng ln Tai Neo
- Tng khi lng tc dng ln 4 tai leo l
G = Gv + Gh + Gn + Gb + G + G = 3008,75 + 40800 + 3237 + 51000 + 7266 + 8000=
113311,75 kg
- Ti trng tc dng ln 1 Tai Neo l
Po = G/4 x 10-2 = 113311,75 /4 x 10-2 = 283 kN
1.6.3.2.Kim tra thanh xuyn tm

Lp 62CCCD11

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 n tt nghip

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

Po

Tai Neo

38

760

T1

365

600

T2

130

T3
400

Ta di chuyn lc im t lc Po vo st mp cch v tr t Po mt on z = 200mm

th lc ti trng tc dng ti v tr s l lc P v momen M= z x Po
P = Po= 283 kN
M = 0.2 x 283 = 56,6 kN.m
Di ti trng tc dng th cc thanh 38 s xut hin cc lc cng T1, T2, T3. Cc
lc cng trn do lc P v momen M gy ra, nn ta c:
T1 = T1M + T1P
T2 = T2M + T2P
T3 = T3M + T3P
Lc cng do momen M tc dng:
M L1

T1M =

2
i

56,6 0.13
0.132+0.372 +0.62

= 14,3 kN

56,6 0.37
0.132+0.372 +0.62

= 40,76 kN

56,6 0.6
0.132+0.372 +0.62

= 66,1 kN

i=1

M L2

T2M =

2
i

i=1

M L3

T3M =

2
i

i=1

Lc cng do lc P tc dng:

Lp 62CCCD11

T1P =

P
3 nf nfa

283
3 0.3 0.8

= 393 kN

T2P =

P
3 nf nfa

283
3 0.3 0.8

= 393 kN

Page 49

 n tt nghip

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

T3P =

P
3 nf nfa

283
3 0.3 0.8

Lc cng do ti trng gy ra:

T1 = T1M + T1P = 14,3 + 393 =407,3 kN
T2 = T2M + T2P = 40,76 + 393 = 433,76 kN
T3 = T3M + T3P = 66,1 + 393 = 459,1 kN
Lc cng cho php [ T ]
[T] = 0.76 x Ap x fpu
Trong :

Ap l tit din ca thanh 38

Ap = 11,34 cm2 =1,13x10-3 m2
fpu l cng chu ko ln nht :
fpu = 1080 Mpa = 1080000kN/m2

do : [T] = 0,76x1,13x10-3 x1080000= 930,79 kN

-

Kim tra:
T1 < [T]
T2 < [T]
T3 < [T]

Kt lun: tha mn.

Lp 62CCCD11

Page 50

= 393 kN

 n tt nghip

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

CHNG III : THIT K T CHC THI CNG

1.Trnh t thi cng chi tit.
1.1.Cng tc chun b
To mt bng thi cng cu: dng t vn chuyn t,my san, my i v cng
nhn thi cng to mt bng.
Lm ng cng v
Lp dng ln tri , kho cha , nh xng .
Tp kt vt liu xy dng
a. To mt bng.
Nguyn tc to mt bng
- V tr ca cng trng cng gn cng tt, tp chung 1 pha b, thun tin cho vic
vn chuyn, i vi nhng cu ln chia thnh nhiu gi thu nh c th b tr cng
trng c 2 bn pha b hoc c th b tr 1 bn l cng trng chnh 1 bn l cng
trng ph.
- Din tch chn phi cho din tch sn xut v thi cng, a hnh cao khng b ng
ngp
- Mt bng phi tng i bng phng t phi san i
- Din tch n b, di dn v din tch phi ph b cy cng nghip, cy nng nghip l
t nht
- D t chc bo v
Mt bng thi cng cng trnh cu Ph Li
- Ta chn mt bng thi cng cng trnh cu nm pha chn cu hng i Thi Nguyn.
- a hnh rung, cao, t phi o p,san i
b. Ln tri; kho, bi cha vt liu:
- Do thi gian thi cng l kh di, nn vic chun b kho bi, ln tri l rt cn thit. Kho
bu ln tri phi c xy dng ni kh ro, an ton v gn cng trnh, m bo vic
qun l v bo qun nguyn vt liu v my mc thi cng.
- H thng kho vt t v bi cha vt liu c thit k theo nguyn tc l bo qun
c vt t, nhn hng trc tip v cp hng kp thi, t khu trung chuyn; bo v
trnh s xm hi ca con ngi, thin tai v ha hon.
- Bi cha ct liu ct, dm dng cho b tng c tp kt thnh ng trn cng
trng, trn bi t chng ngoi tri. Bi cha vt liu nn b tr gn trm trn b
tng, thng l b phn ca trm trn
c. ng cng v
- Dng c 3 hnh thc vn chuyn: ng b, ng st( ng xe goong) v ng
thy
- ng cng v ni t v tr kho, bi v cc xng gia cng ch to, bi tp kt xe my
n cc mt bng thi cng v kt ni cc im thi cng vi nhau
Lp 62CCCD11

Page 51

 n tt nghip

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

d. Nguyn vt liu: cc loi vt liu c chuyn n cng trng v tp kt vo kho bi,

qu trnh cung ng vt liu phi m bo tnh lin tc, m bo cc thng s k thut
v yu cu vt liu
e. Nhn lc v my mc: Nhn lc , my mc c huy ng y m bo cho cng
trnh kp tin xy dng:
- Nhn lc: Bn cnh i ng k s c trnh v cng nhn lnh ngh, n v thi cng
c th tuyn thm nhn cng ti a phng y nhanh tin thi cng.
- My mc: n v thi cng c y thit b thi cng, t cc loi my nh nh my
hn, my ct, my pht in, my bm cho n cc loi my ln nh my cu, my
khoan, my o, my san my o
1.2.Cng tc nh v tim tr
a.
-

Ti liu lm cn c o c
Bnh khu vc
H s bn thuyt minh cc mc
Ti liu lin quan n khu vc lm cu
H s thit k cu
Quy nh v t l bnh v s lng cc cc mc
S lng
Ch

iu di

cu

bnh

Cc
nh v

M
c cao
c

L<
50m
(50
100)m
(10
0200)m
(20
0500)m
L>
500m

1
/100
0
1
/100
0
1
/200
0
1
/200
0
1
/200
0

Mi
b t nht 1
cc
Mi
b t nht 2
cc
Mi
b t nht 2
cc
Mi
b t nht 2
cc
Mi
b t nht 2
cc

1
mc
1
mc
1
mc
M
i b 1
mc
2
mc
mi b

b. nh v tim m tr cu
- Mc ch: m bo ng v tr kch thc ca ton b cng trnh cng nh cc b
phn kt cu c thc hin trong sut qu trnh thi cng
Lp 62CCCD11

Page 52

 n tt nghip

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

- Ni dung:
o Xc nh li v kim tra trn thc a cc mc cao v mc nh
o Cm li cc mc trn thc a nh v tim cu, ng trc ca cc tr, m v
ng dn u cu
o Kim tra li hnh dng v kch thc cc cu kin ch to ti cng trng.
o nh v cc cng trnh ph tm phc v thi cng
o Xc nh tim tr cu bng phng php giao hi, phi c t nht 3 phng ngm t
-

3 mc c nh ca mng li.
Cch xc nh tim tr

B1

A1
T4

T3

A
c

B2

A2

o Hai im A,B l 2 mc cao chun cho trc, im A cch tim tr mt on c nh,

ta tin hnh lp 2 c tuyn ABA1, ABA2
o Cch xc nh tim tr P3 c xc nh nh sau
Ti A nhn v B theo hng tim cu m 1 gc 1 = 2 =900 v hai pha ly hai im A1,
A2 cch A mt on AA1 = AA2
Ti B nhn v A theo hng tim cu m mt gc 1 = 2 =900 v hai pha ly hai im
B1, B2 cch B mt on BB1 = BB2
Gi c l tim tr T3
BC
BB2
Tag=
Ti A2 nhn v A quay mt gc c:
AC
AA1
Tag =
o t my nh v I ti A hng theo tim cu t my kinh v II ti A1 hng v sau
m 1 gc . Giao hai hng ny ti c l tim tr cu P3
o Kim tra li v tr im c bng cch t my kinh v s II ti A2 hng my v A ri
m 1 gc , sau t my ti B1 hng v B ri m 1 gc . Giao 2 hng my I v
II ta c v tr tim tr P3.
1.3.Thi cng p cc LAZEN IV kch thc 400x170x15,5 chiu di L=
12m : chia lm 2 giai on
-

Giai on 1: Hng cc c LAZEN pha trong

Giai on 2: ton b s lng cc c cn li
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- Dng my on c in t o chuyn v ca cc c 3 ngy 1 ln

a. H thng in
H thng in phc v thi cng p cc c b tr y , c cp t t in tng
ca cng trng bao gm:
- Dy cp in 3 pha bc cao su
- Cu giao phc v ring cho my p cc
- nh sang thi cng ban m, nh sang bo v m bo s dng v cc tnh hung
c bit
b. My p cc lazen IV
My p cc c chon thi cng cho cng trnh ny l my p cc c Pmax = 130
Tn, cc thng s k thut c th nh sau:
- ng c in 30 KW, vi in p 220/380 V
- Hp iu tc: Hp s ZIL 130
- My bm thy lc: dng loi bm pitong cong 310-220 ( 200 lt/ pht)
c. My hn, cu
- My hn phc v cho cng tc p cc l 1 my hn c thng s EMC l: in 380V,
cng sut 20 KVA
- 01 cn trc bnh hi cu c v i trng c Qmax= 16 Tn
d. Trnh t thi cng
- Xc nh ta h thng trc nh v- nh v ch tr tim cc
- Cng tc trc a phng tuyn trc v cao trnh c nh v trc khi p cc v c v
tr lu gi cc mc chun cho sut qu trnh thi cng. Vic nh v trc xong s tin
hnh nh v tng c thi cng theo bn v thit k k thut thi cng.
- u tin p cc 2 bn b sng ra n ht v tr tr sau tin hnh hn gia c to
thnh tng chn cng.
- t ct bn trong o kt hp vi bao ct, r hc bn ngoi to thnh ch ng
vng chc tin hnh p cc khp kn to thnh o thi cng
1.4.p o to mt bng xy dng tr P3
-

nh v v ng cc nh v hng trong sau ng cc vn thp hng trong

Vn chuyn t p ra v tr thi cng
p v San ri t t b ra n hng cc vn thp trong rng khoang 15m
t c p thnh nhiu lp ,mi lp 30cm.
ng cc nh v v cc vn thp hng ngoi v Tin hnh p cc khp kn
p t bn trong vng vy cc vn thp hng cc vn thp to thnh o thi cng.
1.5.Thi cng cc khoan nhi

a. Cc bc thi cng.
Cng tc chun b
- Kho st v chun b mt bng: trc khi tin hnh thi cng, mt bng thi cng phi
c kho st k lng, bao gm cng tc n v mc tiu cha r. Ton b cc cng
trnh hin hu gy cn tr qu trnh thi cng nh nh, cy ci, ng in phi c

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di di khi phm vi thi cng. Thit b my mc, vt li c b tr hp l v thun tin

trong qu trnh thi cng cc khoan nhi.
- Kim tra thit b my mc: kim tra cn thn my mc thit b, mt bng my di
chuyn v cng tc np t my mc hp l. Chun b sn thp tm phng khi nn
np t mng yu gy st ln nh hng n s di chuyn v lt my mc thit b
trong qu trnh thi cng.
- V tr khoan cc s c san phng, lp y bng ct hay t trc khi tin hnh khoan
cc. Ct s c vn chuyn bng xe ti.
Xc nh tim cc
- Ta tim mi cc s c nh v v nh du c th. Sau khi np t ng vch th
tim mi cc s c kim tra li bi nh thu v k s t vn. V tr cc c xc nh
da trn h s thit k ca cc v ch sai khc l +80 mm.
- Mc kim tra s c thit lp xc nh v tr tim cc trong sut qu trnh thi cng.
Tim mi cc s c nh v v kim tra trc khi khoan bi k s kho st
Pile center
Temporary mark

Refecence mark

Lp t my khoan
Lp ng my khoan trn b v cc tm thp k to ng di chuyn cho my xung
v tr khoan cc v iu chnh ph hp vi phng thng ng v ngang ca tim cc.
Tim ca my khoan c xc nh bng mi cn khoan hoc gu xoay. Phng ngang
ca my v phng thng ng ca mi khoan c xc nh bng my o mc nc
hoc qu di.
Chun b khoan to l v lp dng ng vch
- Chun b khoan: my khoan di chuyn ti v tr khoan iu chnh ph hp vi tim cc
theo phng ngang v phng thng ng. Kim tra chnh xc bng my o mc
nc hoc qu di trc khi khoan. Dung h ng vch( ng vch tm thi v ng vch
vnh cu) bo v l khoan trong qu trnh khoan to l. Sau tin hnh khoan
bng my khoan xoay.
- Lp dng ng vch: Dung h ng vch vi chiu di 12m ( bao gm ng vch tm thi
v ng vch vnh cu) bng ba rung. ng vch vnh cu li sau khi hon thin
KCN chiu di ty thuc vo iu kin a cht ca mi cc m K s t vn quyt
nh. ng knh trong ca ng vch l 1300mm dy 12mm. Kim tra thng ng
ca ng vch bng 2 ca di theo 2 hng ngang.
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SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

Cng tc khoan

Hnh 3.1: khoan bng my khoan Kelly

Hnh 3.2: khoan bng my khoan p cp

Tin hnh khoan ti chn ca ca ng vch khng cn s dng dung dch
Bentonine.
Sau khi bm dung dich Bentonine vo l khoan, tip tc khoan v dung dich
Bentonine c duy tr lun cao hn mc nc ngm 2m m bo n nh
thnh l khoan trnh hin tng st l
Khi gu xoay khoan trong qu trnh di chuyn khoan n khi kt thc mt l, qu
trnh di chuyn ln xung phi chm trnh hin tng h hng l va khoan.
Trong qu trnh khoan lun kim tra cn chnh thng ng ca gu xoay theo 2
hng ngang v thng ng bng qu di v vung gc 90.
Trong sut qu trnh khoan qua tng lp t c ghi chp li cn thn v ly mu
t bi nh thu v s kim tra gim st ca k s t vn, v lun kim tra cc ch
s ca dung dch Bentonine v iu chnh ch s kim tra nm trong gii hn cho
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php di s gim st ca k s t vn. B cha ca dung dch Bentonine c

kim tra thng xuyn v vt liu bn cn lng c s c qua silo tch ct
loi b dung dich bn khi dd Bentonine
- ng knh ca gu xoay c kim tra trc khi khoan.
V sinh h khoan ln 1
- Sau khi hon thnh l khoan. ng bm va b tng v ng thi kh c t vo
y l khoan. Dng my nn kh thi cn lng ng y h khoan theo dd
Bentonine qua ng bm ht ln.
- Qu trnh bm ht dd Bentonine loi b cn lng trong y h khoan lng dd
Bentonine s b mt i v vy s bm ngay dd Bentonine hon tr m bo n
nh. Dung dch bentonine bm ln s c a vo b lng qua h thng tch lc
ct thu hi s dng li dd Bentonine.
Gia cng lng thp
- Lng thp c gia cng theo nh h s bn v c chp thun.
- Ct thp ch c hn vi ct thp khung cng gi nh v v n nh ca lng
thp. ai c nh c buc gn vo ct thp ch bng dy thp buc. ng siu m
c hn c nh vi cc vng thp nh v ti mt s v tr. Ti y ca lng thp
ng siu m hn bp kn bng tm thp v tm thp c hn vi li thp ca y
lng thp. ng siu m c bp kn u di m bo qu trnh kim tra cc
sau ny. nh ca ng siu m thp hn cao thi cng khong 1.0m v bng cao
trc khi p u cc thun tin khi thc hin cng tc siu m kim tra cc
( 7 ngy sau khi b tng) khi cha o h mng v p u cc. B tr lp t
ng siu m c th hin trong bn v ( Th nghim siu m cc c tin hnh
trc khi o h mng v p u cc m bo ng siu m khng b nh
hng h hng khi siu m s cho kt qu chnh xc cao). ng siu m c c
c nh m bo khng b nh hng trong qu trnh lp t lng thp v qu trnh
b tng cc.
- Sau khi gia cng xong ton b lng thp s c K s t vn kim tra v cho thi
cng.
- Gia cng lp dng lng thp c tin hnh ring bit vi cng tc khoan to l.
Trc khi tin hnh khoan, lng thp phi c gia cng lp dng hon thnh v
c K s t vn kim tra. Trong sut qu trnh gia cng ct thp. Thp ai ca
phn ni cc lng thp vi nhau s khng c lp dng m khi h lng thp
xung l khoan th mi tin hnh ni vi lng thp khc bng bulong. Trong qu
trnh gia cng lng thp phi k cao hn mt t khong cch ti thiu 20cm v
c ch bt bo v khi tri ma gy h hng thp v bi bn.
Lp t lng thp
- Sau khi hon thnh gia cng lng thp th ton b lng thp gia cng c gi
kh v bo v trong bi cha c che bt cn thn v lng thp c k cao hn mt
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t 20cm. Khi qu trnh v sinh l khoan ln 2 kt thc th lng thp s c cn

cu h xung mt cch sm nht trnh vic lng cn ca l khoan v thnh ng
vch b h hng. Khi h n cao thit k, lng thp c treo c nh. nh ca
lng thp c xc nh theo h s thit k.
Ct thp c h xung h khoan tng lng mt bng cn trc v c treo tm
thi trn ming h vch bng cch ngng qua cc ai tng cng buc sn cch
u trn ca lng khong 1,5m. Dng cn trc a lng thp tip theo ni vi lng
di v tip tc h xung cho n khi kt thc.
Ct thp c c nh vo ming ng vch nh cc quang treo. Trng hp Ct
thp khng di ht chiu di ca cc th cn phi chng lc y ni ct thp ln khi
b tng bng cch hn nhng thanh thp hnh vo ng vch c nh lng
thp.
Khi h ct thp phi tin hnh rt cn thn t t gi cho lng thp lun thng ng
trnh va chm lng thp vo thnh h khoan lm sp thnh gy kh khn cho
vic no vt thi ra.

Hnh 3.3: thi cng h lng thp

Lp t ng b tng: Cc ng b tng c ni vi nhau bng khp ren, ng
c lp chnh gia tm l khoan th ng cho n khi y ng cch y h
khoan 300 mm khong trng cho b tng chy vo v khong cch cho
qu cu bt ng ni ln trn.
V sinh h khoan ln 2
- Sau khi h lng thp v ng b tng kt thc. Nh thu s kim tra dung dch
bentonine v s lng cn bi bn ca h khoan. Nu lng cn nh hn 10cm v
hm lng ct nh hn 6% th tin hnh b tng. Nu lng ng khng t
yu cu, tin hnh v sinh h khoan li.
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-

o
o
o
o
-

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

V sinh l khoan bng my nn kh. ng b tng v ng dn kh c lp t

n y l khoan. Di p lc thi ca my nn kh cng vi s kt hp phng
php tun hon nghch bentonine th bi bn lng ng s y ln trn ra ngoi qua
ng b tng. Dung dch bentonine s c thu li qua b cha v qua qu trnh
tch lc s dng li.
b tng
Trc khi tin hnh b tng cc. Mi xe ti b tng c o kim tra st
v c ghi chp li cn thn cho mi cc
Kha ng b tng v kim tra cc mc nh sau:
Cht lng b tng
Kim tra ng b tng( ng knh, chiu di, mi ni)
Kim tra s r r ca mi ni ng b tng
Kim tra h thng tun hon nghch dd Bentonine
Tin hnh kim tra cht lng b tng v s np t ng b tng kim tra bi k s
t vn
B tng c vn chuyn v vn chuyn bng xe chuyn dng t trm trn v c
trc tip vo phu c lp u ng b tng v qu trnh b tng
phi lin tc khng c gin on trnh b tng khng b phn tng
u ca ng lun ngp trong b tng ti thiu l 2m trong sut qu trnh b
tng cc. ng c nhc ln t t trong qu trnh b tng trnh b tng
y cc b khuyt tt.
Qu cu bng xp c t vo ng trnh cho dung dch Bentonine ln vo
b tng
Cao trn cng ca cc khi dng b tng phi ln hn cao thit k ti thiu
l 1,2 m loi b lp b tng d tha ln mn khoan
Nhit ca b tng c kim tra trn mi xe ch b tng. Trng hp thi tit
nng th dng h thng lm lnh h nhit ca b tng cho ph hp vi tiu
chun.

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Hnh 3.4: cng tc b tng

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Rt ng vch
- Sau khi b tng xong t 15 n 20 pht, tin hnh rt ng vch tm ln, ng vch
c ko theo phng thng ng, khng gy ra cc xung t mnh nh hng n
cht lng u cc. ng vch vnh cu s c gi li
- Sau khi rt ng vch xong t 1 n 2h th tin hnh lp h khoan n cao nn thi
cng.
- Trng lp cha lp h khoan c ngay th tin hnh dng tm thp hoc cc nh
du trnh gy nguy him trong qu trnh thi cng,
- Thu dn mt bng, di chuyn n v tr mi khoan cc tip theo.
b. Kim tra b tng:
Ti hin trng: kim tra st ca b tng v o nhit ca b tng ti hin trng
gn v tr b tng
Th nghim kim tra:
- Ly mu b tng th nghim sc chu nn ti phng th nghim: mu b tng c
ly ti hin trng gn v tr thi cng.
Ly 3 t hp mu ( 9 mu)
Mt t hp cho th nghim 7 ngy, mt cho 28 ngy v mt cho th nghim khc. Mi
mu c dn ngy ly mu v c mu v chi tit c th.
- Th nghim kim tra cng b tng
- Th nhim siu m u cc: Siu m kim tra cht lng b tng cc . Trc khi
tin hnh, nh thu trnh phng php v cc trang thit b, dng c kim tra siu
m cc T vn chp thun.
o Kt qu th nghim siu m cc c thc bi n v, ngi ca nng lc sau trnh
kt qu siu m ca mi cc cho K s t vn ngay khi th nghim mi cc kt thc.
Trnh mt bo co v cng tc th nghim siu m y cc cc sau 10 ngy tin
hnh th nghim siu m cc cho K s t vn xem xt.
o Siu m cc c tin hnh sau 7 ngy b tng cc xong v di s hng dn ca
K s t vn.
c. Sai s
- Sai s cho php i vi cc khoan nhi c th nh sau:
- Sai s tim cc khi hon thnh so vi thit k l : + 80mm
- nghing ca cc khi hon thnh khng lch hn t l 1:100 so vi phng ngang.
- nh ca ct thp lng khng nh ln vt qu 150mm so vi b tr v thp hn
khng qu 75mm. Cao nh b tng cc khng qu 25mm so vi cao thit k.
- ng knh ca cc khoan nhi ti thiu phi bng 97% ng knh cc thit k.
1.6.Thi cng b tr
Cng tc o h mng
- o h mng bng my n cao thit k.
- o t su khong 1,5 n 2 m ta tin hnh np dng khung chng cc vn thp tng
1 cao +1,5m.
- o n khi qu cao -2.5m khong 1,5 m ta tin hnh np dng khung chng cc
vn thp tng 2.
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My o
Khung chng
+1.50

-8,183

11600
cc khoan nhi D1200

Hnh 3.5: Thi cng o h mng

Cng tc b tng bt y
- b tn bt y bng phng php va dng
- t cc ng thng ng vo h mng y ng st mt nn, tin hnh si hoc
c kch thc 20-30 cm xung quanh ng, sau y va xi mng ct vo
trong ng cho n khi ng y th nhc dn ng ln mt cch t t va trn ra
lp y khe
- Cc ng t cch nhau 4- 6 m, ng khng bi bt ming vi cn a ming
ng vo trong l xo b tr di y h mng. Va xi mng ct c t l 1.2,5 , trong
ct khng ln qu 3% ht st.
lp dm lt v thi cng lp b tng to phng.
- B tng to phng dy 10 cm v mc 300
- Lp dm lt dy 20 cm
Gia cng v lp dng ct thp b tr theo thit k
Lp dng vn khun b tr
b tng b tr
- B tng c trn ti trm trn v c vn chuyn n cng trng bang xe mix
Xe bm b tng

-3.583
-5.583
R nh thot n c
-5.883
-8.183
-9.683

9600
11600

cc khoan nhi D1200

Hnh 3.6: b tng b tr

B tng trc khi c phi c kim tra cht lng b tng
B tng c thng qua my bm b tng, chiu dy mi lp b tng 30cm
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B tng theo di nghing vi gc nghing = 2025o

Bo dng b tng v tho vn khun, chun b thi cng thn tr

C?c khoan nh?i

D= 1200mm

4000

Thanh vnh dai

H350

Thanh H350

Hnh3.7: Mt bng thi cng b m

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1.7.Thi cng thn tr.

Thi cng thn tr t 1
Cc bc thi cng
- To nhm phn b tng tip xc gia thn v b tr
- Lp dng h gio thi cng thn tr
- Gia cng v np dng ct thp thn tr
- Lp ghp vn khun
- Vn chuyn b tng v kim tra cht lng b tng trc khi .
- b tng thn tr bng xe bm b tng.
- Kim tra cht lng b tng
- Tho vn khun v chun b thi cng thn tr t 2
Vn khun thp

Sn cng tc

-3.583

-5.883
-8.183

cc khoan nhi D1200

Hnh 3.8: H gio, vn khun thi cng thn tr t 1

Thi cng thn tr t 2
Cc bc thi cng
- Lp dng h gio thi cng v gia cng ct thp
- To nhm phn b tng tip xc
- Lp t ct thp thn tr t 2
- Vn chuyn b tng v kim tra cht lng b tng trc khi
- b tng bng xe bm b tng n cao thit k
- Kim tra v bo dng b tng sau khi
- Tho vn khun, hon thin thn v chun b thi cng x m tr

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SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

-

+11.046
Sn cng tc

Xe bm b tng

Vn khun thp

-3.583
-5.883
-9.683

-8.183

9600

11600
cc khoan nhi D1200

Hnh 3.9: H gio, vn khun thi cng thn tr t 2

1.8.Thi cng x m tr
-

Gia cng ct thp v np dng h gio thi cng x m

To nhm b mt tip xc gia phn thn v x m
Lp t ct thp x m
Lp t vn khun x m
Vn chuyn b tng v kim tra cht lng b tng trc khi
b tng bng xe bm b tng
Nghim thu v bo dng b tng
Tho vn khun v hon thin
1.9.Cc yu cu khi thi cng tr

thi cng cc hng mc cu m bo cht lng, tin , an ton,

cn ch trng cc khu sau y:
+ Lp dy chuyn cng ngh thi cng ng b.
+ Lun chuyn vt t, thit b thi cng mt cch ti u.
+ Tun th cc yu cu k thut trong thi cng.

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-

SVTH: Vng Vn Tuyn

Cao y b ch l d kin, cao chnh thc c TVTK, ch

u t quyt nh ti hin trng, cn c vo iu kin a cht
thc t khi thi cng ngoi hin trng.

Mi mt phn kt cu nh: Cc khoan nhi, b, thn, x m tr . l

mt im dng k thut, phi m bo thit b v kh nng cung
cp b tng sao cho mi cng on b tng phi c lin tc,
thi gian bt u trn m b tng u tin cho n khi m trn b
tng ng kt cn c lm nhm bng vi phun nc v bn chi
st.

m bo m quan cho b mt kt cu, vn khun b tng

m cn dng vn khun thp.

Cc cng tc thi cng b tng m phi tun th theo: Kt cu b

tng v b tng ct thp ton khi - Quy phm thi cng v nghim
thu TCVN 4453 - 1995.

Sau khi b tng phi c bo dng bng ti m, phng php v

quy trnh bo dng theo TCVN 5592 - 1991.

Vic thi cng phn t nn ch c thc hin khi p t t nn

t cht K90 v c n nh.
1.10.m bo an ton trong qu trnh thi cng

Thi cng ngn gon tng hng mc, tng kt cu

Vt liu v cc phng tin thi cng phi gn gng, khng mt an ton cho thit b
v con ngi qua li

Ch m bo an ton giao thng ng sng

Ch cng tc an ton khi thi cng trn cao : lp t h thng lan can, cng nhn c
dy bo him

Trong qu trnh thi cng, n v thi cng lun b tr 1 t kho st v ph trch cng tc
an ton lao ng, an ton cho cng trnh.

H thng khung vy cc vn thp c o c cao v ta ti nh 4 gc 3 ln 1

tun xc nh chuyn v u cc vn thp.
1.11.Hon thin tr v thi cng cng tr li mt bng

Tho d h gio thi cng

o t v rt cc vn thp
Vn chuyn t i.
2.Ni dung b tr mt bng thi cng cng trng xy dng cu:
Mt bng thi cng lp cho mt cng trng xy dng gm nhiu hng mc cng
trnh hoc c th lp cho tng cng trnh hay tng hng mc cng trnh cu
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Mt bng thi cng cho mt cng trng, b tr cho:

+ Bn thn cng trnh xy dng cu
+ Khu vc hnh chnh nghip v k thut v khu vc nh tm ti cng
trng.
+ Khu vc khai thc nguyn vt liu (b tr mvt liu).
+ Kho bi cha vt liu, cu kin v h thng ng cng v vn chuyn cng
trng.
+ Cc xng gia cng v ph tr.
+ Cc trm my mc thi cng.
+ H thng in nc cho cng trng.
Ty theo a hnh khu vc m ta b tr m t bng cng trng sao cho hp l v
mi m t, thi cng cc hng mc ca cng trnh c r rng.
3.Lp tin thi cng
3.1.Gii thiu
Tin thi cng l s phn nh tc hot ng ca cng trng xy dng, v chi
ph, thi gian hon thnh cng trnh.
K hoch tin l mt trong nhng cn c mang tnh php l k kt hp ng.
Nh thu thi cng phi cam kt thc hin tin hoch nh v phi chu bi
thng thit hi do s chm tr ca tin gy ra
K hoch tin l c s thc lp cc k hoch khc nh quy hoch mt bng;
iu phi nhn lc, huy ng my thit b; k hoch cung cp vt t
-

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3.2.Bng tin thi cng

ST
T

Tn cng vi c
San i to m t bng thi cng, Chun b ln tri, tp chung
v t li u thi cng
ng cc vn thp, p o to mt bng thi cng cc
khoan nhi

1
2

S ngy
thi cng
10
5

nh v v thi cng khoan cc khoan nhi

50

Gia cng ct thp b, thn, x m tr

60

Cng tc o t h mng v thi cng lp b tng bt y

Ht nc h mng, p u cc, thi cng lp dm m

v b tng to phng.
Lp t ct thp v vn khun b tr
b tng b m, bo dng b tng.

7
8

6
6

Lp t h gio thi cng v lp t ct thp thn tr t 1

10

Lp t vn khun thn tr, b tng v bo dng b

tng thn tr t 1

11

Lp t h gio thi cng v lp t ct thp thn tr t 2

12

Lp t vn khun thn tr, b tng v bo dng b

tng thn tr t 2

13

Thi cng x m tr

14

Hon tr li mt bng

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CHNG IV: D TON

1.Khi lng cng tc cn d ton.
-

Cng tc ng cc vn thp:
Chu vi h mng l : 11,6 x 2+ 15.2 x 2 = 53,6 m
Cc vn thp c thng s 400x170x5,5
S lng cc vn thp l 53,6/0.4 = 134 coc
Tng chiu di cc l 134 x 12 = 1608 m.
p t cng trnh
p t n cao +2m
Khi lng t p l 2100m3
Cng tc o t h mng:
Th tch h mng cn o l 11,6 x 15,2 x (8,183+2) = 1795,47 m3
Cng tc khoan cc:
S cc l 12 cc
Chiu di cc l 12,4 m tnh n y b
Chiu cao t y b n mt t p l 5,583 + 2 = 7,583m
Chiu di l khoan l: 12,4 + 7,58 = 19,98 m
Tng chiu di l khoan l : 12 x 19,98 = 239,76 m
Cng tc ng vch
Chiu di ng vch tm thi l 6m
Chiu di ng vch vnh cu 6m
Tng chiu di ng vch 12 cc l (6+6) x 12 = 144m
Ct thp cc khoan nhi
Tng khi lng cc thanh D12, D14, D16 l 20,837+6,108+19,117=46,062
Tng khi lng cc thanh D18, D22, D25 l:
382,423+44,928+939,603=1366,954
B tng cc khoan nhi l 10,179 m3
Cng tc p u cc:
Chiu di ct thp nh ln hn cao y b mng l 1,41m
Tit din cc khoan nhi D1,2m l 3,14 x 1,22 /4= 1,13 m2
Khi lng b tng phi p 1 cc l 1,41 x 1,13 =1,59m3
Khi lng b tng u cc phi p ca 12 cc l 12 x 1,59 = 19,08 m3
Cng tc thi cng lp dm lt.
Din tch l 9,6 x 13,2 = 126,72 m2
B dy lp dm l 20cm
Khi lng dm thi cng l: 0,2 x 126,72 = 25,34 m3
Thi cng lp b tng lt:M15
B dy lp b tng lt l 10cm
Din tch l 126,72m2
Khi lng b tng lot mng l: 126,7 x 0,1 = 12,7 m3
Ct thp b thn, x m tr:
Khi lng ct thp b l: 21128,54 kg
Khi lng ct thp thn tr l: 28059,94 kg
Khi lng ct thp x m tr l: 6933,57 kg
Khi lng ct thp l 21128,54 + 28059,94 + 6933,57 = 56122,05 kg
B tng b, thn, x m tr:
Th tch b tng b tr l: 253,44 m3
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Th tch b tng thn tr l: 252,38 m3

Th tch b tng x m tr l: 57,22m3
Tng khi lng b tng l 253,44 + 252,38 + 57,22 = 563,04m3
Thi cng nh cc vn thp:
Tng chiu di cc l 1608 m
Cng tc bm dd Bentonite
Chiu di cc khoan nhi l 12,4 m
ng knh cc l 1,2m
Th tch cc khoan nhi l 12,4 x 3,14 x 1,22 /4 = 14,02 m3
Th tch dung dch Bentonite dng thi cng cc l 50 m3
2.Bng d ton
T khi lng trn ta c bng d ton:

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