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Kendall Securro
Mrs. DeBock
English 4 Honors
12 November 2015
Modern Tools Benefit Surgery Recipients
Many modern tools that are being developed because of advances in technology benefit
healthcare providers, as well as make a more enjoyable experience for the recipient of those
services. Patients requiring pacemakers now have options for much smaller versions that do not
require metal leads running to the heart. Surgeons are accepting electrosurgery, which is an
alternative to using the traditional scalpel to cutting the patients skin. A new device used in
retinal surgeries allows patients eyes to be examined at the microscopic level in the supine
position. The prevalence of the (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) MRI machine have yielded new
problems such as longer stays for patients, however new techniques are being developed to
streamline the experience for all hospital employees and their patients. Also, technological
advances are now allowing medical records to be stored and sent online eliminating the need for
hard copies. Another significant advancement with recent technologies has been a new drill bit
used in orthopedic surgeries to eliminate bone damage.
The typical pacemaker is about the size of a silver dollar, with a thin, flexible wire, or
lead, that runs to the heart. A new pacemaker is being studied that is not only much smaller than
the current devices, but it works without these wires. The leadless pacemaker is one of ten items
on Cleveland Clinics Medical Innovations for 2015. Every year, Cleveland Clinic experts

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compile a list of breakthroughs expected to make headlines in the coming year. So far in 2015,
the list includes several innovations related to heart health. Along with the leadless pacemaker,
the list includes new cholesterol medications, as well as a new drug for heart failure patients.
According to these experts, another advance, a mobile stroke unit that better connects
paramedics and in-hospital neurologists for quicker treatments, has been one of the most
imperative devices in saving the lives of stroke victims.
With a growing interest in studies about different technique investigations in surgeries
such as electrosurgery, CO2 laser, and radiosurgery; to get the better and fast healing results with
less notable scarring to the skin. All surgeons commonly accept electrosurgery, launched as a
method of cutting and coagulating tissues. Modern electrosurgical devices are able to produce
wave forms as well as incorporate safety features. However results found that electrosurgery
causes significant lateral tissue damage which is generated during incising and coagulating.
Banafshe Gholamhoseini says that radiosurgical developed instrument is used for cutting and
coagulating the tissues simultaneously without crushing the cells via alternative electricity with
high frequency current and provides a safer experience for the patient. This allows more delicate
surgeries to be performed with a larger margin of safety for the patient.
The inclusion of the optical coherence tomography (OCT) to ocular imaging techniques
has dramatically changed the way we diagnose, manage, and follow-up retinal conditions.
Although OCT as an imaging modality has been in use for a long time, its use during surgery
was limited to inconveniencing intraoperative hand-held, externally mounted or
microscope-mounted devices. The conventional OCT unit requires a compliant patient who is
able to sit upright. Attempts have been made by modifying the spectralis OCT to convert the
table top system into a hand-held device to obtain high resolution images of infants with

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aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) without the need for general anesthesia. A
portable spectral domain OCT unit with a hand-held probe is also available which allows
imaging in the supine position. The surgical maneuvers need to be paused to acquire images.
According to Chaitra Jayadev, this new microscope mounted (SDOCT) device is being put to use
to ensure sterility, image quality, reproducibility, and reduce the image capture time,.
Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and its crucial role in the
diagnosis of various diseases has maintained, and increased substantially, the need for sedation
and anesthesia in children. As such, many organizations have switched from radiologist-led
sedation practices to anesthesia-led sedation/anesthesia practices. Mohamed A. Mahmoud
attributes this to delays that can result in a significant ripple effect throughout the day in highvolume MRI units. These delays often lead to patient and family dissatisfaction due to
significant wait times, along with staff dissatisfaction due to the resulting unplanned overtime
and dealing with unhappy families whose stay is unexpectedly elongated. An important issue in
health care currently is waste of time, money and materials. A sample of time data collected over
two weeks before the project was initiated showed that only twenty percent of patients scheduled
as the first MRI with general anesthesia (GA) started on-time.
The benefits of technological application in the healthcare system can be referred to
empowering employees, the exchanging possibility of information between health care
institutions, medical ethics, efficiency and effectiveness, online education, communication
between patients and doctors, increasing geographic range of health services and health,
increasing the health services quality and also increasing access to judicial services. Information
Technology (IT) in healthcare department has provided many facilities such as obtaining
information, medical advice and remote health for human society. Today, IT use in the Medical

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Records Department (MRD) is not only a competitive advantage, but it is seen as a necessity.
The Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences describes advantages in IT applications as: it can
affect the performance improvement of MRD, produce applications such as quick responding to
clients and staff by use of IT and hospital information management system, reduction of clients
waiting time, increasing medical record maintenance quality by electronic or scanned medical
records (MR), enhancing security and confidentiality of information using access levels for each
user allowed to use the system, information sharing through network and internet between
different parts and in higher levels between hospitals which will lead to knowledge sharing and
help medical education and research advancement, reduction of the costs using paperless system
and reducing the space occupied by the paper MR and many other applications.
During surgeries where bone machining operations are involved, many factors come into
play which boils down to the mechanical level of the bit used. Bone can be damaged by the
mechanical and thermal extremes, therefore, working conditions should be selected in order to
reduce or avoid this problem. With the purpose of reducing the damage that occurs when
drilling, an analysis and improvement of the structure of a surgical drill bit has been done. Josu
Soriano describes factors that affect the performance of new bits as the rake angle, margin width,
and body thinning over the temperatures, cutting forces, and surface roughness. Eight drill bits
were manufactured from hard metal and drilling tests on bovine femoral bone were done. These
tests showed that the rake angle is the most prominent factor among those tested, both for
temperatures and cutting efforts.
Many modern tools that are being developed because of advances in technology benefit
healthcare providers, as well as make a more enjoyable experience for the recipient of those
services. Now, patients that require pacemakers have a much smaller and updated version that

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does not require metal leads running to the heart. Surgeons are accepting electrosurgery, which
is an alternative to using the traditional scalpel to cutting the patients skin; this allows for cuts to
be made without crushing lateral cells. A new device used in retinal surgeries allows patients
eyes to be examined at the microscopic level in the supine position allowing smaller children or
the elderly to be thoroughly examined. The machine has created new problems such as longer
stays for patients, however new techniques are being developed to streamline the experience to
minimize the time spent in the hospital. Also, technological advances now allow medical records
to be stored and sent online eliminating the need for hard copies. Another significant
advancement with recent technologies has been a new drill bit used in orthopedic surgeries to
eliminate bone damage.

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Works Cited
"Cleveland Clinic's 2015 Innovations Include Heart-Health Breakthroughs: A Tiny Implantable
Pacemaker, New Medications, And A Mobile Stroke Unit Are Among The Items On The
Annual List Of Medical Advancements." Heart Advisor 1 (2015): 1. Academic OneFile.
Web. 29 Oct. 2015.
Gholamhoseini, Banafshe, et al. "Histopathologic Comparison Of Radiofrequency And Scalpel
Blade On Mice Skin Incisional Wound Healing Model." Pakistan Veterinary Journal 32.3
(2012): 382-385. Academic Search Complete. Web. 28 Oct. 2015.
Jayadev, Chaitra, et al. "Microscope-Integrated Optical Coherence Tomography: A New Surgical
Tool In Vitreoretinal Surgery." Indian Journal Of Ophthalmology 63.5 (2015): 399403. Academic Search Complete. Web. 28 Oct. 2015.
Mahmoud, Mohamed A., et al. "Improving On-Time Starts For Patients Scheduled With General
Anesthesia In A MRI Suite." Pediatric Anesthesia 23.7 (2013): 607-613. Academic
Search Complete. Web. 28 Oct. 2015.
"Performance improvement indicators of the Medical Records Department and Information
Technology (IT) in hospitals." Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 2015: Academic
OneFile. Web. 28 Oct. 2015.
Soriano, Josu, et al. "Study And Improvement Of Surgical Drill Bit Geometry For Implant Site
Preparation." International Journal Of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 74.5-8
(2014): 615. Advanced Placement Source. Web. 28 Oct. 2015.

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