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University
Department of Electrical Engineering
Electronic Devices and Circuits
Lab Manual 6

Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

Name

Created by: Engr.Yasir Manzoor, Engr. Zafarullah

Date: August 21, 2015
Last updated by: Engr.Yasir Manzoor, Engr. Zafarullah
Date: August 21, 2015

Reviewed By: Mr. Talha Rehmani

Approved by the HOD: Dr. Tauseef Tauqeer

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Lab 06 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

Roll No.

Department of Electrical Engineering

Electronic Devices and Circuits
Faculty Member
Name: Sir Talha Rehmani

Session

Signature:________________________
Lab Engineer 1
Name: Engr.Yasir Manzoor

Semester:

Signature:________________________
Lab Engineer 2
Name: Engr.Zafarullah

Date

Signature:________________________

Report Marks: _______ Out of _______

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Viva Marks: _______Out of _________

Lab 06 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

Contents
6

FULL WAVE BRIDGE RECTIFIER ................................................................................................................ 4

6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7

6.8

6.9

INTRODUCTION: .........................................................................................................................................4
OBJECTIVE .................................................................................................................................................4
EQUIPMENT ...............................................................................................................................................4
CONDUCT OF LAB .......................................................................................................................................4
THEORY AND WORKING ...............................................................................................................................4
PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS FOR TWO PULSE RECTIFIER ANALYSIS ......................................................................5
PROCEDURE: ..............................................................................................................................................6
Without Filter ...............................................................................................................................6
With Capacitor Filter ....................................................................................................................9
TROUBLESHOOTING EXERCISE......................................................................................................................10
Diode short circuited ..................................................................................................................10
Diode open circuited ...................................................................................................................11
Full wave bridge rectifier with function generator .....................................................................12
STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOME ...................................................................................................................13

1
2
3
4
5

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Lab 06 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

6 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

6.1 Introduction:
A rectifier is a circuit widely used in power supplies, converters and other electronic devices
where we need to reduce AC voltages to DC values. Full wave rectifier gives two cycle over
complete input. Full wave rectifier is better in many aspects then half wave as it have double
average power, load handling capacity and less ripple factor.

6.2 Objective
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

To study basic parameters of full wave rectifier and their importance.

To implement full wave rectifier and study the input and output wave difference.
To observe effect of capacitor filter in full wave rectifier.
To calculate ripple factor graphically using oscilloscope.
To troubleshoot the bridge rectifier circuit.

6.3 Equipment
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Function Generator
Digital Multimeter
Oscilloscope
Transformer 220V to 12V
Diode 1N4007
Resistance 330 / 0.5W, 470, 680, 820, 1K, 2.2K, 3.3K, 4.7K, 6.8K, 10K,100K
Capacitance 0.1uF,1uF,2.2uF,10uF,47uF,56uF,68uF,100uF,220uF,330uF
Breadboard
Connecting wires

6.4 Conduct of Lab

1. Students are required to perform this experiment using the equipment provided.
2. Students are required to work in a group specified by lab engineer.
3. In case some aspect of the lab experiment is not understood the students are advised
to seek help from the course instructor, lab engineers, assigned teaching assistants
(TA) and lab attendants.

6.5 Theory and Working

The bridge rectifier uses four diodes connected as shown in figure 1. When the input cycle is
positive as in figure 1, diodes D1 and D2 are forward-biased and conduct current in the
direction shown. A voltage is developed across RL that looks like the positive half of the input
cycle. During this time, diodes D3 and D4 are reverse-biased.

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Lab 06 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

Figure 1 full wave bridge rectifier during positive half cycle D1 and D2 conducts
When the input cycle is negative as in figure 2, diodes D3 and D4 are forward biased and
conduct current in the same direction through RL as during the positive half-cycle. During the
negative half-cycle, D1 and D2 are reverse-biased. A full-wave rectified output voltage appears
across RL as a result of this action.

Figure 2 full wave bridge rectifier during negative half cycle D3 and D4 conducts

6.6 Performance Parameters for Two Pulse Rectifier Analysis

The following parameters has been explained in the analysis of Half Wave Rectifier.
6.6.1.1

Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV)

Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV) of half wave rectifier = VSMAX

6.6.1.2

6.6.1.3

Average Value of Output Voltages and Current

1
2
= sin() =
0

Average Diode Current

ID

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IDC

Lab 06 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

6.6.1.4

The rms Value of Output Voltages and Current

2

( sin()) =
=
0
2
Irms

Vrms

6.6.1.5 The Load Average and rms Power

PDC

= VDC IDC =

Pac = Vrms Irms

6.6.1.6 Rectifier Efficiency
=

PDC
PAC

4Vm 2
2 R
Vm 2
=
2R

= 81%

6.6.1.7 Form Factor

FF =

Vrms
VDC

=1.11

6.6.1.8 Ripple Factor

VAC
= FF 2 1 = 48.2%
VDC
6.6.1.9 Power Absorbed By the Load
RF =

Pload = Irms 2 R

6.7 Procedure:
Without Filter
1.
2.
3.
4.

Connect the circuit on bread board as per figure 3.

Connect the primary of the transformer to main supply i.e. 230V, 50Hz
Starting from 330 vary the resistance up to 100K as mentioned in table 1.
Connect the Multimeter at output terminals note down the Vac and Vdc as per given
tabular form by varying resistance.
5. Disconnect load resistance and note down no load voltage Vdc (V no load)
6. Connect load resistance at 1K and connect Channel II of CRO at output terminals and
CH I of CRO at Secondary Input terminals observe and note down the input and output
wave form of output voltage (VO) Output current (Io), diode 1 voltage (VD1), diode 3 voltage
(VD3) and source current (IS) on graph sheet.
7. Calculate ripple factor

Equation 1 Ripple factor

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Lab 06 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

8. Calculate Percentage of Regulation

Equation 2 Percentage Regulation

Figure 3 Full wave rectifier without filter

Sr.No

Load Resistance

330 / 0.5 W

470

680

820

1K

3.3 K

4.7 K

6.8 K

10 K

10

100 K

No Load voltage_________________
% Of Voltage
Output Voltage
Ripple Factor
Regulation

Vac
Vdc
100

Table 1 Observation for full wave rectifier without filter

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Lab 06 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

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Lab 06 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

With Capacitor Filter

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Connect the circuit as in figure 4 and vary the capacitor.

Connect oscilloscope at output to observe the change in ripple of output wave.
Using oscilloscope measure average value (Vdc) of output waveform.
Using oscilloscope observe and calculate Vac of output ripple according to table 4.
Calculate ripple factor using equation and fill the table 4 given below.
Output Voltage

S.No

0.1uF

1uF

2.2uF

10uF

47uF

56uF

68uF

100uF

220uF

10

330uF

Vr(max)

Vr(min)

Vr(p-p)=Vr(max)-Vr(min)

( )/2
2

Table 2 Full wave rectifier using different filtering capacitor

.

Figure 4 Full wave rectifier with capacitor filter

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Lab 06 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

Vdc

Ripple
Factor

Figure 5 Model wave forms for full wave rectifier

6.8 Troubleshooting Exercise

Connect the circuit as in figure 3 observe the behavior of output waveform in following cases.

Diode short circuited

6.8.1.1 D1 Short Circuited
Short the D1 using jumper wire and draw the output wave form obtained on oscilloscope.
Write reason for distorted waveform.

Reason:
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
6.8.1.2 D3 short circuited
Short the D3 using jumper wire and draw the output wave form obtained on oscilloscope.
Write reason for distorted waveform.

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Lab 06 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

Reason:
______________________________________________________________________________
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Diode open circuited

6.8.2.1 D1 open circuited
Open the D1 and draw the output wave form obtained on oscilloscope. Write reason for
distorted waveform.

Reason:
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
6.8.2.2 D4 open circuited
Open the D4 and draw the output wave form obtained on oscilloscope. Write reason for
distorted waveform.

Reason:
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

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Lab 06 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

Full wave bridge rectifier with function generator

1.
2.
3.
4.

Connect the circuit as shown in figure 5.

Generate 10V (p-p) sine wave using function generator.
Observe and draw the output wave form.
Give reasons for distorted output waveform.

Figure 5 Bridge rectifier with function generator

Reasons:
______________________________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

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Lab 06 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier

6.9 Student Learning Outcome

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Lab 06 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier