Cc hp m 7 thng dng trong nhc nh

trc khi gii ngh t c vi ng gp nho nh cui cng cho aeguitar y hehe , coi nh chc
mng anh Ch nhn dp k nim bi vit th 1000 . Bi ny ni ti vai tr ca hp m 7 trong
nhc nh , ch khng nh gi n vi t cch l mt cht liu tiu biu ca nhc Blues .
tm hiu v hp m Blues Jazz th c l cn phi c mt bi vit khc tng hp hn , v c hp
m 6 , hp m 9 , hp m ...
Cc hp m 7 thng dng
1. Hp m by trng :
_K hiu : Cmaj7 , Dmaj7 , Emaj7 ...
----------CM7 , DM7 , EM7 ...
----------C7+ , D7+ , E7+ ...
trong 2 cch k hiu u tin ph bin hn
_Cu to : Gm 1 + 3T + 5D + 7T hay cng bng hp ba trng cng thm 1 qung 7 Trng
_Cch s dng :
a) kt thc 1 bn nhc thuc m th trng , ngi ta c th dng hp m 7 trng (hp m
nghch) thay v hp m thun nh thng l
VD : Kt thng thng---------------Kt bng hp m 7 trng
------C -> G7 -> C-------------------C -> G7 -> CM7
------G -> D7 -> G-------------------G -> D7 -> GM7
------F -> C7 -> F-------------------F -> C7 -> FM7
b) Dng lm hp m chuyn tip :
VD : C -> CM7 -> F -> FM7 -> Bb -> BbM7 -> Eb -> G7 -> C
c )Dng thc hin gii kt trnh n . Bnh thng , sau hp m 7 bc 5 s v hp m ch .
gii kt trnh n , sau hp m 7 bc 5 s qua hp m bc VI ( hp m bc 6 ca m giai ch ko
phi l hp m 6 ) .
VD : C -> F -> GM7 -> Am
2. Hp m by trng th , gi cch khc l hp m 7 t , hoc cng c th gi n gin l hp
m 7 , chnh l loi hp m 7 u tin m cc bc c dy cc lp hc nhc :
_ K hiu : C7 , D7 , E7 ...
_ Cu to : Gm 1 + 3T + 5D + 7t hay cng bng hp ba trng cng thm 1 qung 7 th
_Cch s dng : Hp m 7 t rt d s dng v rt ph bin
a) Chc nng quan trng nht ca hp m 7 (bc V) l chun b kt thc bn nhc : iu ny
th rt r rng v ph bin ri
VD : C -> G7 -> C
------G -> D7 -> G

------F -> C7 -> F

b) Dng lm hp m chuyn tip :
VD : A7 -> Dm -> G7 -> C
c )Dng thc hin gii kt trnh n . Bnh thng , sau hp m 7 s v hp m ch . gii kt
trnh n , sau hp m 7 s qua hp m bc VI ( hp m bc 6 ca m giai ch ko phi l hp m
6).
VD : Kt thng thng--------------Kt bng hp m 7 trng
-----C -> G7 -> C-------------------C -> G7 -> Am
-----D -> A7 -> D-------------------D -> A7 -> Bm
-----E -> B7 -> E-------------------E -> B7 -> C#m
Gii kt trnh n c ngha kt thc 1 cu nhc , 1 on nhc nh , ch cha mun v hp m
ch kt thc ht bi .
3. Hp m by th :
_K hiu : Cm7 , Dm7 , Em7 ...
_Cu to : Gm 1 + 3t + 5D + 7t hay cng bng hp th cng thm 1 qung 7 th
_Cch s dng :
a) Chc nng quan trng v ph bin nht ca hp m 7 th l lm hp m chuyn tip . Trong
bn nhc , sau hp m 7 th ( bc II) l hp m 7 bc V ri tr v hp m bc I .
VD : C -> Dm7 -> G7 -> C
b) Dng chun b kt thc bn nhc , trng hp ny t dng hn hp m 7 t :
VD : F -> Em7 -> Am
------G -> Dm7 -> G
4. Hp m 7 th trng :
_K hiu : Cm(maj7) , Dm(maj7) ...
_Cu to : 1 + 3t + 5D + 7T hay bng hp m ba th cng thm 1 qung 7 trng , nh tn gi .
_Cch s dng : s dng nh mt hp m lt trong mt s h thng
VD : Em -> Em(maj7) -> Em7 -> Em6
5. Hp m 7 gim na :
_ K hiu : Cm7b5 , C7/5- ...
_ Cu to : 1 + 3t + 5g + 7t hay bng hp m ba gim cng thm 1 qung 7 th . Ging vi hp
m 7 th nhng bc V b gim i na cung
6. Hp m 7 gim :
_K hiu : Cdim , C7dim , Cdim7 , C0 ...
_Cu to : 1 + 3t + 5g + 7g bng hp m 3 gim cng thm mt qung 7 gim (chnh l qung 6

trng )
_Cch s dng :
a) Hp m 7 gim c chc nng lm hp m chuyn tip nh cc hp m khc
VD : Gm -> C7 -> F#dim -> Gm -> C7 -> F
-----Fmaj7 -> Fdim -> Gm7 -> C7
b) T hp m 7 gim c th chuyn thng qua hp m ch bc I m khng cn phi qua hp m
7 bc V
VD : C -> Dm -> D#dim -> C
-----Bb -> Cdim -> Bb
T: Trng
t: th
D : ng
g: gim
*Ch :Bi vit c tng hp t cun "Hc m Guitar" ca V.A.Ma-nhi-lp v cun "Nhc l
nng cao thc hnh" ca Ng Ngc Thng , cng do NXB m Nhc xut bn .

Bi vit rt b ch
Mnh b sung thm mt t.
5) Hp m 7 gim na (VD: Bm7b5) c th dng chuyn tip sang 7 trng th. VD nh trong
bi "Still got the blues" ca Gary Moore (on do guitar u tin): Dm G C Fmaj7 Bm7b5 E7
6) Hp m 7 gim:
Cch s dng trong bi ca sensoul nu chi khng ng trn ngn n s khng ra (t nht l i
vi mn ).
Mi hp m 7 gim c 4 th bm, mi th bm tng ng vi mt gc (root) khc nhau. Nhng th
v ch l cch th bm ny ging ht nhau, ch khc ch dch chuyn trn ngn n.
VD: D#dim gm c 4 nt D# A C F#. Vi th bm (4->1 3->2 2->1 1->2) th s c thm 3 th bm
na tng ng vi bass (F#, A, C). C th l F#dim (4->4 3->5 2->4 1-5), Adim (4->7 3->8 2->7 1>8) v Cdim (4->10 3->11 2->10 1->11). Cu to ca D#dim, F#dim, Adim v Cdim l ging ht
nhau, ch khc nhau nt gc.
Khi chi hp m vi gc tng ng (VD: D#dim), th chuyn v hp m gc cao hn na cung (VD:
Em hoc E) l s gii quyt c nghch ca dim.
Gm -> C7 -> F#dim -> Gm -> C7 -> F
Bb -> Cdim -> Bb
Fmaj7 -> Fdim -> Gm7 -> C7
C -> Dm -> D#dim -> C (ci ny khng bit mnh nhm hay khng nhng nh khng ra. Mnh
ngh Bdim->C. Bc sensoul xem li gip c khng ?)

Thm mt ci na l cc hp m 7 gim cng cu to c th chuyn qua li m khng cn hp m

chuyn tip no cng c.... (VD: D#dim->F#dim->Adim->Cdim).
Ci ny l mnh thy ngi ta hay chi nh vy. Cn ni c sai sch v cc bc sa gip, mnh
khng c c sch phn ny