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Lecture 11.

SYSTEMS OF FARMING
The systems of farming and types of cultivation vary according to the climatic
condition, soil types and irrigation potential available in a particular place. The common
systems of farming are dry land farming, garden land farming and wetland farming
Dry farming
In dry farming crops are cultivated purely under rainfed condition. Depending
upon the nature of rainfall, it may be either unimodel (uniform rainfall distribution either
during SW monsoon (or) NE monsoon seasons or bimodal (uniform rainfall distribution
during both the monsoon seasons). Either single or double crops are raised depending
upon the nature of rainfall in dry farming. Example: Cotton, millets, oilseeds
Garden land farming (Irrigated Dry crop)
Crops are raised by using irrigation water. The water for irrigation may be
obtained from bore well, open well, ponds or tanks depending upon the availability of
resources. Crops are irrigated based on crop need or based on type of soil. Example:
pulses, cotton, chillies, vegetables, oilseeds etc.
Wetland farming
Crops such as rice, banana, sugarcane, turmeric etc. are cultivated with abundant
water supply. In wetland farming crops are grown with assured water supply.
Opportunity farming (Marketing): Profit is the deserving factor.
Example: Basmathi 2 t/ha - Rs. 25/- per kg
Response farming: We are aiming for maximum output.
Example: IR.50 - 5 t/ha - Rs. 5/- per kg
Irrigated dry: Sorghum - Cotton - Pulse
Oilseeds - Cotton - Pulse
Irrigated wet: Turmeric - Rice - Rice - Pulse
Banana - Banana (ratoon) - Rice sequence
Sugarcane - Sugarcane (ratoon) - Rice sequence
Rainfed dry: (mono modal): Single crop of any one of the following
(Sorghum / cotton / maize / groundnut)
Rainfed dry: (bimodal): Double cropping - In Dharmapuri, Salem areas
Oilseeds - Ragi
Rainfed wet: Rice, Rice - pulse, Rice - Rice - pulse

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