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QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
H NI 2010
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
MC LC
LI NI U......................................................................................................................................5
1. QUY NH CHUNG .......................................................................................................................7
2. PHN LOI K THUT V CHY.............................................................................................9
3. BO M AN TON CHO NGI ...........................................................................................18
4. NGN CHN CHY LAN...........................................................................................................29
5. CHA CHY V CU NN ......................................................................................................34
Ph lc A Gii thch t ng................................................................................................................39
Ph lc B Phn loi vt liu xy dng theo cc c trng chy.........................................................41
Ph lc C Phn hng nh v cc gian phng theo tnh nguy him chy v chy n..........................44
Ph lc D Cc quy nh bo v chng khi cho nh v cng trnh....................................................48
Ph lc E Yu cu v khong cch phng chy chng chy gia cc nh v cng trnh ..................52
Ph lc F Gii hn chu la danh nh ca mt s cu kin kt cu..................................................55
Ph lc G Quy nh v khong cch n cc li thot nn v chiu rng ca li ra thot nn..........74
Ph lc H Mt s quy nh v s tng gii hn (chiu cao cho php) v din tch khoang chy
ca nh................................................................................................................................................82
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
LI NI U
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD do Vin Khoa hc Cng ngh Xy dng ch tr bin son, V
Khoa hc Cng ngh v Mi trng trnh duyt, B Xy dng ban hnh km theo
Thng t s 07 /2010/TT-BXD ngy 28 thng 7 nm 2010. Quy chun ny c
sot xt v thay th chng 11, phn III, tp II, Quy chun xy dng Vit Nam c
ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 439/BXD-CSXD ngy 25/9/1997 ca B trng
B Xy dng.
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Phm vi iu chnh
1.1.1. Quy chun ny quy nh cc yu cu chung v an ton chy cho cc gian phng, nh v cng
trnh xy dng (sau y gi chung l nh) v bt buc p dng trong tt c cc giai on xy
dng mi, ci to, sa cha hay thay i cng nng, ng thi quy nh phn loi k thut v
chy cho cc nh, phn v b phn ca nh, cho cc gian phng, cu kin xy dng v vt liu
xy dng.
CH THCH: Thut ng An ton chy cho nh, cng trnh c nu trong A.1 ca Ph lc A.
1.1.2. Cc phn 3, 4 v 5 ca Quy chun ny khng p dng cho cc nh c chc nng c bit (nh
sn xut hay bo qun cc cht v phng tin gy n, cc kho cha du m v sn phm du
m, kh t t nhin, kho ha cht c hi, cng trnh qun s, phn ngm ca cng trnh tu
in ngm, cng trnh hm m, ).
1.1.3. Cc tiu chun v cc yu cu v phng chy, chng chy ca cc ti liu chun trong xy dng
phi da trn yu cu ca Quy chun ny.
Cng vi vic p dng Quy chun ny, cn phi tun theo cc yu cu phng chy chng chy
quy nh c th hn trong cc ti liu chun khc c quy nh p dng cho tng i tng nh
v cng trnh. Khi cha c cc ti liu chun quy nh c th theo cc yu cu ca Quy chun
ny th vn cho php s dng cc quy nh c th trong cc tiu chun hin hnh cho n khi cc
tiu chun c sot xt li, cng nh cho php s dng cc tiu chun hin hnh ca nc
ngoi trn nguyn tc m bo yu cu ca Quy chun ny v cc quy nh php lut ca Vit
Nam trong vic p dng tiu chun ca nc ngoi v phng chy cha chy v p dng tiu
chun nc ngoi trong hot ng xy dng Vit Nam.
Trong cc ti liu chun hin hnh c lin quan v phng chy, chng chy cho nh v cng
trnh, nu c cc quy nh, yu cu k thut thp hn v mc an ton chy so vi nhng quy
nh v yu cu ca Quy chun ny, th p dng theo Quy chun ny.
CH THCH: Thut ng ti liu chun c nu trong mc A.11 ca Ph lc A.
1.1.4. Cc ti liu thit k v ti liu k thut ca nh, kt cu, cu kin v vt liu xy dng phi nu
r cc c tnh k thut v chy ca chng theo quy nh ca Quy chun ny.
1.1.5. Khi thit k v xy dng cng trnh, ngoi vic p ng nhng quy nh ca Quy chun ny, cn
phi tun theo cc quy nh nhng ti liu chun hin hnh khc c lin quan n phng chng
chy v yu cu khc i vi cng trnh nh: quy hoch, kin trc, kt cu, h thng cp nc,
h thng in, thit b in, chng st, h thng cp nhin liu, cp nhit, h thng thng gi,
iu ho khng kh, an ton s dng knh, trnh ri ng, va p.
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QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
1.1.6. i vi cc nh cha c tiu chun phng chy, chng chy, cng nh cc nh thuc nhm nguy
him chy theo cng nng F 1.3( 1) c chiu cao ln hn 75 m( 2), cc nh thuc nhm nguy him
chy theo cng nng khc c chiu cao ln hn 50 m, cc nh c s tng hm ln hn 1, cc nh
c bit phc tp v khc thng th ngoi vic tun th quy chun ny cn phi b sung cc yu
cu k thut v cc gii php v t chc, v k thut cng trnh ph hp vi cc c im ring
v phng chng chy ca cc nh , trn c s cc ti liu chun hin hnh c php p dng.
Cc yu cu v gii php ny phi c c quan Cnh st phng chy cha chy v cu nn cu
h c thm quyn thm duyt.
1.1.7. Trong mt s trng hp ring bit, B Xy dng ch cho php gim bt mt s yu cu ca
Quy chun ny i vi cng trnh c th, khi c lun chng gi B Xy dng nu r cc gii
php b sung, thay th v lun chng ny phi c s thm duyt ca Cc Cnh st phng chy
cha chy v cu nn cu h.
1.1.8. Khi thay i cng nng hoc thay i cc gii php quy hoch khng gian v kt cu ca cc nh
hin hu hoc cc gian phng ring ca cc nh th phi p dng Quy chun ny v cc ti
liu chun hin hnh ph hp vi nhng thay i .
1.1.9. i vi nh ring l cho h gia nh c chiu cao t 06 tng tr xung, khng bt buc p dng
Quy chun ny m thc hin theo hng dn ring, ph hp cho tng i tng nh v khu dn
c.
1.2.
i tng p dng
Cc c quan, t chc v c nhn c lin quan n hot ng xy dng nh dn dng v nh cng
nghip trn lnh th Vit Nam phi tun th cc quy nh ca Quy chun ny.
1.3.
Gii thch t ng
Cc thut ng v nh ngha trong Quy chun ny c nu ti Ph lc A.
1.4.
Cc quy nh chung
1.4.1. Trong cc nh, khi thit k phi c cc gii php kt cu, quy hoch khng gian v k thut cng
trnh m bo khi xy ra chy th:
Mi ngi trong nh (khng ph thuc vo tui tc v tnh trng sc khe) c th s tn ra bn
ngoi ti khu vc an ton (sau y gi l bn ngoi) trc khi xut hin nguy c e do tnh
mng v sc kho do tc ng ca cc yu t nguy him ca m chy;
C kh nng cu ngi;
Lc lng v phng tin cha chy c th tip cn m chy v thc hin cc bin php cha
chy, cu ngi v ti sn;
Khng chy lan sang cc nh bn cnh, k c trong trng hp nh ang chy b sp ;
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Hn ch cc thit hi trc tip v gin tip v vt cht, bao gm bn thn ngi nh v cc ti sn
bn trong nh, c xt ti tng quan kinh t gia gi tr thit hi v chi ph cho cc gii php
cng trang thit b k thut phng chy cha chy.
1.4.2. Trong qu trnh xy dng phi m bo:
u tin thc hin cc gii php phng chng chy theo thit k ph hp vi tiu chun hin hnh
v c thm duyt theo quy nh;
Thc hin cc yu cu phng chy cha chy cho cc cng trnh ang xy dng, cc cng trnh
ph tr v cc quy nh phng chy cha chy trong thi cng xy lp theo php lut v phng
chy cha chy hin hnh;
Trang b cc phng tin cha chy theo quy nh v trong trng thi sn sng hot ng;
Kh nng thot nn an ton v cu ngi, cng nh bo v ti sn khi xy ra chy trong cng
trnh ang xy dng v trn cng trng.
1.4.3. Trong qu trnh khai thc s dng phi:
Gi nguyn cu trc, ni tht ca nh v kh nng lm vic ca cc trang thit b phng chy
cha chy ng vi yu cu ca thit k v cc ti liu k thut lp cho chng;
Thc hin cc quy nh v phng chy cha chy theo php lut hin hnh;
Khng c php thay i kt cu hay cc gii php quy hoch khng gian v k thut cng
trnh m khng c thit k c ph duyt theo quy nh;
Khi tin hnh sa cha, khng cho php s dng cc cu kin v vt liu khng p ng cc yu
cu ca cc quy chun, tiu chun hin hnh.
Khi nh c cp php iu kin phi hn ch v ti trng chy, v s ngi trong nh hoc
trong bt k phn no ca nh, th bn trong nh phi t thng bo v nhng hn ch ny
nhng ni d thy, cn b phn qun l nh phi thit lp cc bin php t chc ring v phng
chy cha chy v s tn ngi khi xy ra chy.
1.4.4. Khi phn tch tnh nguy him chy ca nh, c th s dng cc tnh hung tnh ton da trn
tng quan gia cc thng s: s pht trin v lan truyn cc yu t nguy him ca m chy,
vic s tn ngi v t chc cha chy.
Quy nh chung
2.1.1. Nh, cc phn v cc b phn ca nh, gian phng, vt liu xy dng, cu kin xy dng, c
phn loi k thut v chy da trn cc tnh cht sau:
Tnh nguy him chy: tnh cht lm pht sinh v pht trin cc yu t nguy him chy;
Tnh chu la: tnh cht chng li cc tc ng ca m chy v chng s lan truyn cc yu t
nguy him ca m chy.
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
2.1.2. Vic phn loi k thut v chy dng thit lp cc yu cu cn thit v bo v chng chy cho
cc kt cu, gian phng, nh, cc phn v cc b phn ca nh ph thuc vo tnh chu la v /
hoc tnh nguy him chy ca chng.
2.2.
Vt liu xy dng
2.2.1. V mt an ton chy, vt liu xy dng ch c c trng bng tnh nguy him chy.
Tnh nguy him chy ca vt liu xy dng c xc nh theo cc c tnh k thut v chy sau:
tnh chy, tnh bt chy, tnh lan truyn la trn b mt, kh nng to khi v cht c.
2.2.2. Theo tnh chy, vt liu xy dng c phn thnh vt liu khng chy v vt liu chy. Vt liu
xy dng chy c phn thnh 4 nhm:
Ch1 (chy yu);
Ch2 (chy va phi);
Ch3 (chy mnh va);
Ch4 (chy mnh).
Tnh chy v cc nhm ca vt liu xy dng theo tnh chy c xc nh theo Ph lc B, mc
B.2.
i vi vt liu xy dng khng chy th khng quy nh v tnh nguy him chy v khng xc
nh cc ch tiu khc.
2.2.3. Theo tnh bt chy, vt liu xy dng chy c phn thnh 3 nhm:
BC1 (kh bt chy);
BC2 (bt chy va phi);
BC3 (d bt chy).
Nhm vt liu xy dng theo tnh bt chy c xc nh theo Ph lc B, mc B.3.
2.2.4. Theo tnh lan truyn la trn b mt, vt liu xy dng chy c phn thnh 4 nhm:
LT1 (khng lan truyn);
LT2 (lan truyn yu);
LT3 (lan truyn va phi);
LT4 (lan truyn mnh).
Nhm vt liu xy dng theo tnh lan truyn la trn b mt c quy nh cho lp vt liu b
mt ca mi v sn, k c lp thm tri sn, theo Ph lc B, mc B.4.
i vi cc vt liu xy dng khc, khng xc nh v khng quy nh vic phn nhm v lan
truyn la trn b mt.
2.2.5. Theo kh nng sinh khi, vt liu xy dng chy c phn thnh 3 nhm:
SK1 (kh nng sinh khi thp);
SK2 (kh nng sinh khi va phi);
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QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
SK3 (kh nng sinh khi cao).
Nhm vt liu xy dng theo kh nng sinh khi c xc nh theo Ph lc B, mc B.5.
2.2.6. Theo c tnh ca cc sn phm chy, vt liu xy dng chy c phn thnh 4 nhm:
T1 (c tnh thp);
T2 (c tnh va phi);
T3 (c tnh cao);
T4 (c tnh c bit cao).
Nhm vt liu xy dng theo c tnh ca cc sn phm chy c xc nh theo Ph lc B, mc
B.6.
2.3.
Cu kin xy dng
2.3.1. Cu kin xy dng c c trng bng tnh chu la v tnh nguy him chy.
Tnh chu la ca mt cu kin c th hin bng gii hn chu la ca cu kin . Tnh nguy
him chy ca mt cu kin c c trng bng cp nguy him chy ca n.
2.3.2. Gii hn chu la ca cu kin xy dng c xc nh bng khong thi gian (tnh bng pht)
k t khi bt u th chu la theo ch nhit tiu chun cho n khi xut hin mt hoc mt s
du hiu ni tip nhau ca cc trng thi gii hn c quy nh i vi cu kin cho nh sau:
Mt kh nng chu lc (kh nng chu lc c k hiu bng ch R);
Mt tnh ton vn (tnh ton vn c k hiu bng ch E);
Mt kh nng cch nhit (kh nng cch nhit c k hiu bng ch I).
CH THCH: 1) Gii hn chu la ca cu kin xy dng c xc nh bng th nghim chu la theo cc tiu chun
TCXDVN 342 : 2005 n TCXDVN 348 : 2005( 1) hoc cc tiu chun tng ng. Gii hn chu la ca
cu kin xy dng c th xc nh bng tnh ton theo tiu chun thit k chu la c p dng.
2) Gii hn chu la yu cu ca cc cu kin xy dng c th c quy nh trong Quy chun ny v trong
cc Quy chun k thut cho tng loi cng trnh. Gii hn chu la yu cu ca cu kin xy dng c k
hiu bng REI, EI, RE hoc R km theo cc ch s tng ng v thi gian chu tc ng ca la tnh bng
pht. V d: Cu kin c gii hn chu la yu cu l REI 120 ngha l cu kin phi duy tr c ng thi c
ba kh nng: chu lc, ton vn v cch nhit trong khong thi gian chu tc ng ca la l 120 pht; Cu
kin c gii hn chu la yu cu l R 60, th cu kin ch phi duy tr kh nng chu lc trong thi gian 60
pht, khng yu cu v kh nng cch nhit v tnh ton vn.
3) Mt cu kin xy dng c cho l m bo yu cu v kh nng chu la nu tha mn mt trong hai iu
kin sau:
a) Cu kin c cu to vi c im k thut ging nh mu th nghim chu la v mu ny khi th nghim
c gii hn chu la khng nh hn gii hn chu la yu cu ca cu kin ;
b) Cu kin c cu to vi c im k thut ph hp vi cu kin nu trong Ph lc F v c gii hn chu la
danh nh tng ng cho trong ph lc ny khng nh hn gii hn chu la yu cu ca cu kin .
2.3.3. Theo tnh nguy him chy, cu kin xy dng c phn thnh 4 cp:
K0 (khng nguy him chy);
Cc tiu chun TCXDVN s c chuyn i thnh TCVN theo quy nh ca Lut Tiu chun v Quy chun k thut.
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QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
K1 (t nguy him chy);
K2 (nguy him chy va phi);
K3 (nguy him chy).
CH THCH: 1) Cp nguy him chy ca cu kin xy dng c xc nh bng th nghim theo tiu chun Vit Nam hin
hnh hoc tng ng.
2) Cho php xc nh cp nguy him chy ca cu kin m khng cn th nghim nh sau:
+ Xp vo cp K0, nu cu kin c ch to ch t vt liu khng chy;
+ Xp vo cp K1, nu b mt ngoi ca cu kin c cu to t vt liu c ng thi cc ch tiu k thut
v chy khng nguy him hn Ch1, BC1, SK1;
+ Xp vo cp K2, nu b mt ngoi ca cu kin c cu to t vt liu c ng thi cc ch tiu k thut
v chy khng nguy him hn Ch2, BC2, SK2;
+ Xp vo cp K3, nu b mt ngoi ca cu kin c cu to ch t cc vt liu c mt trong cc ch tiu k
thut v chy l Ch3, BC3, SK3.
2.4.
2.4.1. B phn ngn chy c dng ngn cn m chy v cc sn phm chy lan truyn t mt
khoang chy hoc t mt gian phng c m chy ti cc gian phng khc.
B phn ngn chy bao gm tng ngn chy, vch ngn chy v sn ngn chy.
2.4.2. B phn ngn chy c c trng bng tnh chu la v tnh nguy him chy.
Tnh chu la ca mt b phn ngn chy c xc nh bng tnh chu la ca cc b phn cu
thnh ra n, bao gm:
Phn ngn cch (tm vch, tm tng, tm sn, );
Cu kin gi n nh cho phn ngn cch (khung, thanh ging, );
Cu kin phn ngn cch (dm , sn , tng , );
Cc chi tit lin kt gia chng.
Gii hn chu la theo trng thi mt kh nng chu lc (R) ca cu kin gi n nh cho phn
ngn cch, ca cu kin phn ngn cch v ca cc chi tit lin kt gia chng phi khng
c thp hn gii hn chu la yu cu i vi phn ngn cch.
Tnh nguy him chy ca b phn ngn chy c xc nh bng tnh nguy him chy ca phn
ngn cch cng vi cc chi tit lin kt v ca cc cu kin gi n nh cho phn ngn cch.
2.4.3. B phn ngn chy c phn loi theo gii hn chu la ca phn ngn cch nh trong Bng 1.
Khi trong b phn ngn chy c cc ca i, cng, ca np, van, ca s, mn chn (sau y gi
chung l ca v van ngn chy), hay khi cc ca c b tr khoang m (gi l khoang m
ngn chy) th ca, van ngn chy v khoang m ngn chy phi c chn loi cng c kh
nng ngn chy ph hp vi loi ca b phn ngn chy theo quy nh ti Bng 1.
Gii hn chu la ca cc loi ca v van ngn chy trong b phn ngn chy c quy nh ti
Bng 2.
Gii hn chu la ca cc b phn ca khoang m ngn chy (vch, sn, ca v van ngn chy)
ca v van ngn chy trong b phn ngn chy phi ph hp quy nh ti Bng 3.
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QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
B phn ngn chy loi 1 phi thuc cp nguy him chy K0. Trong cc trng hp ring, cho
php s dng cp nguy him chy K1 trong cc b phn ngn chy loi 2 n loi 4.
Bng 1 - Phn loi b phn ngn chy
B phn ngn chy
Sn ngn chy
RI 150
RI 60
I 45
I 15
RI 150
RI 60
RI 45
RI 15
Bng 2 - Gii hn chu la ca ca v van ngn chy trong b phn ngn chy
Ca v van ngn chy trong b phn
ngn chy
I 70
I 45*
I 15
70
45
15
I 70
Ca s
Mn chn
khng nh hn
2.5.
Sn ca khoang m
EI 45
REI 45
EI 30
EI 15
REI 15
EI 15
2.5.1. Cu thang v bung thang b dng thot nn c phn thnh cc loi sau:
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QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
a) Cc loi cu thang b:
+ Loi 1 cu thang bn trong nh, c t trong bung thang;
+ Loi 2 cu thang bn trong nh, h;
+ Loi 3 cu thang bn ngoi nh, h;
CH THCH: h tc l khng c t trong bung thang.
2.6.1. Nh hoc cc phn ca nh c ngn cch ring bit bng cc tng ngn chy loi 1 (gi l
khoang chy) c phn nhm theo bc chu la, theo cp nguy him chy kt cu v theo nhm
nguy him chy theo cng nng.
Bc chu la ca nh v khoang chy c xc nh bng gii hn chu la ca cc cu kin xy
dng ca n;
Cp nguy him chy kt cu ca nh v khoang chy c xc nh theo mc tham gia ca
cc cu kin xy dng vo s pht trin chy v hnh thnh cc yu t nguy him ca m chy;
Nhm nguy him chy theo cng nng ca nh v cc phn ca nh c xc nh theo mc ch
s dng v c im ca cc quy trnh cng ngh b tr bn trong n;
2.6.2. Nh v cc khoang chy c phn theo bc chu la nh Bng 4.
Cc b phn chu lc ca nh bao gm cc tng v ct chu lc, cc thanh ging, cc vch
cng, cc b phn ca sn (dm, x hoc tm) tham gia vo vic m bo s n nh tng th v
s khng bin i hnh dng ca nh khi c chy.
Cc cu kin chu lc khng tham gia vo vic m bo n nh tng th cho nh phi c
n v thit k ch dn trong ti liu k thut ca nh.
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Khng quy nh gii hn chu la i vi b phn bt l thng (ca, cng, ca s, ca np, ca
tri, trong c c ca trn nh v cc phn cho nh sng xuyn qua khc ca tm lp mi),
ngoi tr cc ca, van ngn chy trong b phn ngn chy v cc trng hp c ni ring.
Khi gii hn chu la ti thiu ca cu kin c yu cu l R 15 (RE 15, REI 15) th cho php
s dng cc kt cu thp khng bc bo v m khng ph thuc vo gii hn chu la thc t ca
n, ngoi tr cc trng hp khi gii hn chu la ca cc b phn chu lc ca nh theo kt qu
th nghim nh hn R 8.
Trong cc bung thang b khng nhim khi loi N1 c php s dng cc bn thang v cc
chiu thang vi gii hn chu la R 15 v thuc cp nguy him chy K0.
Bng 4 - Bc chu la ca nh
Gii hn chu la ca cu kin xy dng, khng nh hn
Bc chu
la ca
nh
B phn
chu lc
ca nh
Tng
ngoi
khng
chu lc
Sn gia cc
tng (bao gm
c sn tng p
mi v sn
trn tng
hm)
B phn mi khng c
tng p mi
Bung thang b
Tm lp (bao
gm tm lp
c lp cch
nhit)
Gin,
dm, x
g
Tng
bung
thang trong
nh
Bn
thang v
chiu
thang
R 150
30
RI 60
R 30
R 30
RI 150
R 60
II
R 120
15
RI 45
R 15
R 15
RI 120
R 60
III
R 90
15
RI 45
R 15
R 15
RI 90
R 60
IV
R 30
E 15
RI 15
R 15
R 15
RI 30
R 15
Khng quy nh
CH THCH: 1) Trong cc ngi nh c bc chu la I, II, III th sn v trn ca tng hm, tng na hm phi lm bng vt
liu khng chy v c gii hn chu la t nht 90 pht. Sn cc tng 1 v tng trn cng phi lm bng vt
liu c tnh chy khng thp hn Ch1.
2) Trong cc ngi nh c bc chu la IV, V th sn ca tng hm hay tng na hm phi lm bng vt liu
c tnh chy khng thp hn Ch1 v c gii hn chu la khng di 45 pht.
3) Trong cc phng c sn xut hay bo qun cc cht lng chy c th sn phi lm bng vt liu khng
chy.
4) Tng, tng ngn v sn ca bung thang my v bung my ca thang my b tr trong nh thuc bt
k bc chu la no phi lm bng vt liu khng chy vi gii hn chu la khng nh hn 60 pht. Nu
thang my b tr ngoi nh th gii hn chu la ca nhng b phn nu khng nh hn 30 pht.
5) Tng ngn, bao che hnh lang gia ca nh c bc chu la I, phi lm bng vt liu khng chy vi
gii hn chu la t nht 30 pht v ca nh c bc chu la II, III, IV phi lm bng vt liu khng chy
hay chy yu (Ch1) vi gii hn chu la t nht 15 pht. Ring nh c bc chu la II ca hng sn xut D,
E c th bao che hnh lang bng tng knh.
2.6.3. Theo tnh nguy him chy v kt cu, nh v cc khoang chy c phn thnh 4 cp S0, S1, S2,
S3 nh trong Bng 5 gi l cp nguy him chy kt cu ca nh.
Khng quy nh v tnh nguy him chy i vi ca, cng, ca s, ca np trong kt cu bao che
ca nh tr nhng trng hp c ni ring.
15
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng 5 - Cp nguy him chy kt cu ca nh
Cp nguy him
Cp nguy him chy ca cu kin xy dng, khng nh hn
chy kt cu ca
nh
Cc b phn chu lc
Tng
Tng, vch
Tng ca bung Bn thang v
dng thanh (ct, x,
ngoi t
ngn, sn v thang b v b phn chiu thang
dn, v.v.)
pha ngoi mi khng c
ngn chy
trong bung
tng p mi
thang b
S0
K0
K0
K0
K0
K0
S1
K1
K2
K1
K0
K0
S2
K3
K2
K1
K1
K1
Khng quy nh
Mc ch s dng
c im s dng
(1)
(2)
(3)
F1
Nh thng xuyn hoc tm thi (trong Cc gian phng trong nh ny thng c s dng
c ngy v m. Nhm ngi trong c th gm
c c sut ngy m).
nhiu la tui v trng thi th cht khc nhau. c
trng ca cc nh ny l c cc phng ng.
F 1.1
16
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng 6 (tip theo)
(1)
(2)
F 1.2
F 1.3
F 1.4
Nh mt cn h ring l k c cc nh c mt
s cn h lin k v mi cn h u c li ra
ngoi ring
F2
F 2.1
F 2.2
F 2.3
Cc c s c cp mc F 2.1, h ra ngoi
tri;
F 2.4
Cc c s c cp mc F 2.2, h ra ngoi
tri.
F3
Cc c s dch v dn c.
F 3.1
C s bn hng;
F 3.2
F 3.3
Nh ga;
F 3.4
F 3.5
F 3.6
(3)
17
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng 6 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
F4
F 4.1
F 4.2
F 4.3
F 4.4
F5
Cc nh, cng trnh, gian phng dng sn Cc gian phng loi ny c c trng bi s c
mt ca nhm ngi lm vic c nh, k c lm vic
xut hay lm kho.
sut ngy m
F 5.1
F 5.2
F 5.3
Quy nh chung
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
chuyn nghip, bao gm c vic s dng cc phng tin cu h, qua cc li ra thot nn v li
ra khn cp.
3.1.4. Vic bo v ngi trn cc ng thot nn phi c bo m bng t hp cc gii php quy
hoch khng gian, tin nghi, kt cu, k thut cng trnh v t chc.
Cc ng thot nn trong phm vi gian phng phi m bo s thot nn an ton qua cc li ra
thot nn t gian phng m khng tnh n cc phng tin bo v chng khi v cha chy
c trong gian phng ny.
Ngoi phm vi gian phng, phi tnh n vic bo v ng thot nn t iu kin m bo thot
nn an ton cho ngi c k n tnh nguy him chy theo cng nng ca cc gian phng trn li
ra thot nn, s ngi thot nn, bc chu la v cp nguy him chy kt cu ca nh, s li ra
thot nn t mt tng v t ton b ngi nh.
Trong cc gian phng v trn cc ng thot nn ngoi phm vi gian phng phi hn ch tnh
nguy him chy ca vt liu xy dng thuc cc lp b mt kt cu (lp hon thin v p mt)
ty thuc vo tnh nguy him chy theo cng nng ca gian phng v ngi nh, c tnh n cc
gii php khc v bo v ng thot nn.
3.1.5. Khi b tr thot nn t cc gian phng v ngi nh khng c tnh n cc bin php v phng
tin dng cu nn, cng nh cc li ra khng p ng yu cu v li ra thot nn quy nh ti
3.2.1.
3.1.6. Khng cho php b tr cc gian phng nhm F 5 hng A hoc hng B di cc gian phng dng
cho hn 50 ngi c mt ng thi, cng nh trong cc tng hm hoc tng na hm.
Khng cho php b tr cc gian phng nhm F 1.1, F 1.2 v F 1.3 trong cc tng hm v tng na
hm.
CH THCH: 1) Tng hm l tng m qu mt na chiu cao ca n nm di ct mt t t cng trnh theo qui hoch
c duyt.
2) Tng na hm l tng m mt na chiu cao ca n nm trn hoc ngang ct mt t t cng trnh theo
qui hoch c duyt.
3.1.7. m bo thot nn an ton, phi pht hin chy v bo chy kp thi. Nh v cc phn nh
phi c trang b cc h thng bo chy theo cc quy nh hin hnh.
CH THCH: Cc yu cu c bn v b tr h thng bo chy c quy nh trong tiu chun TCVN 3890 : 2009.
3.1.9. Hiu qu ca cc gii php m bo an ton cho ngi khi chy c th c nh gi bng tnh
ton.
3.2.
Li ra thot nn v li ra khn cp
19
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Qua hnh lang;
Qua tin snh (hay phng ch);
Qua bung thang b;
Qua hnh lang v tin snh (hay phng ch);
Qua hnh lang v bung thang b;
b) Dn t cc gian phng ca tng bt k, tr tng 1, vo mt trong cc ni sau:
Trc tip vo bung thang b hay ti cu thang b loi 3;
Vo hnh lang dn trc tip vo bung thang b hay ti cu thang b loi 3;
Vo phng s dng chung (hay phng ch) c li ra trc tip dn vo bung thang b hoc ti
cu thang b loi 3;
c) Dn vo gian phng lin k (tr gian phng nhm F 5 hng A hoc B) trn cng tng m t
gian phng ny c cc li ra nh c nu a) v b). Li ra dn vo gian phng hng A hoc
B c php coi l li ra thot nn nu n dn t gian phng k thut khng c ch cho ngi
lm vic thng xuyn m ch dng phc v cc gian phng hng A hoc B nu trn.
3.2.2. Cc li ra t tng hm v tng na hm l li ra thot nn khi thot trc tip ra ngoi v tch bit
vi cc bung thang b chung ca nh.
Cho php b tr:
Cc li ra thot nn t tng hm i qua cc bung thang b chung c li i ring ra bn ngoi
c ngn cch vi phn cn li ca bung thang b bng vch c ngn chy loi 1;
Cc li ra thot nn t tng hm v tng na hm c b tr cc gian phng hng C, D, E, i vo
cc gian phng hng C 4, D v E v vo snh nm trn tng mt ca nh nhm F 5 khi bo m
cc yu cu ca 4.24;
Cc li ra thot nn t phng ch, phng gi , phng ht thuc v phng v sinh tng hm
hoc tng na hm ca nh nhm F 2, F 3 v F 4 i vo snh ca tng 1 theo cc cu thang b
ring loi 2;
Khoang m, k c khoang m kp trn li ra ngoi trc tip t nh, t tng hm v tng na
hm.
3.2.3. Cc li ra khng c coi l li ra thot nn nu trn li ra ny c t ca hay cng c cnh m
kiu trt hoc xp, ca cun, ca quay.
Cc ca i c cnh m ra (ca bn l) nm trong cc ca hay cng ni trn c coi l li ra
thot nn.
3.2.4. S lng v chiu rng ca cc li ra thot nn t cc gian phng, cc tng v cc ngi nh c
xc nh theo s lng ngi thot nn ln nht c th i qua chng v khong cch gii hn cho
php t ch xa nht c th c ngi (sinh hot, lm vic) ti li thot nn gn nht.
CH THCH: 1) S lng ngi thot nn ln nht t cc khng gian khc nhau ca nh hoc phn nh c xc nh theo
Ph lc G, mc G.3;
20
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
2) Ngoi cc yu cu chung c nu trong Quy chun ny, yu cu c th v s lng v chiu rng ca cc
li ra thot nn c nu trong Quy chun k thut cho tng loi cng trnh. Ph lc G nu mt s quy nh
c th cho cc nhm nh thng gp.
Cc phn ca ngi nh c tnh nguy him chy theo cng nng khc nhau c ngn cch bng
cc b phn ngn chy phi c cc li ra thot nn ring.
3.2.5. Cc gian phng sau phi c khng t hn hai li ra thot nn:
Cc gian phng nhm F 1.1 c mt ng thi hn 10 ngi;
Cc gian phng trong tng hm v tng na hm c mt ng thi hn 15 ngi; ring cc gian
phng trong tng hm v tng na hm c t 6 n 15 ngi c mt ng thi th cho php mt
trong hai li ra tun theo cc yu cu ca 3.2.13 d);
Cc gian phng c mt ng thi hn 50 ngi;
Cc gian phng nhm F 5 hng A hoc B c s ngi lm vic trong ca ng nht ln hn 5
ngi, hng C - ln hn 25 ngi hoc c din tch ln hn 1.000 m2;
Cc sn cng tc h hoc cc sn dnh cho ngi vn hnh v bo dng thit b trong cc gian
phng nhm F 5 c din tch ln hn 100 m2 - i vi cc gian phng thuc hng A v B hoc
ln hn 400 m2 - i vi cc gian phng thuc cc hng khc.
Cc gian phng nhm F 1.3 (cn h) c b tr c hai tng (2 cao trnh thng gi l cn h
thng tng), khi chiu cao b tr ca tng pha trn ln hn 18 m th phi c cc li ra thot nn
t mi tng.
3.2.6. Cc tng nh thuc cc nhm sau y phi c khng t hn hai li ra thot nn:
F 1.1; F 1.2; F 2.1; F 2.2; F 3; F 4;
F 1.3 khi tng din tch cc cn h trn mt tng ln hn 500 m2 (i vi cc nh n nguyn th
tnh din tch trn mt tng ca n nguyn). Trng hp tng din tch nh hn 500 m2 v khi
ch c mt li ra thot nn t mt tng, th t mi cn h cao ln hn 15 m, ngoi li ra
thot nn phi c mt li ra khn cp theo 3.2.13;
F 5, hng A hoc B khi s ngi lm vic trong ca ng nht ln hn 5 ngi, hng C khi s
ngi lm vic trong ca ng nht ln hn 25 ngi.
Tng hm v na hm phi c khng t hn hai li ra thot nn khi c din tch ln hn 300 m2
hoc dng cho hn 15 ngi c mt ng thi.
Trong cc nh c chiu cao khng qu 15 m, cho php c mt li ra thot nn t mi tng (hoc
t mt phn ca tng c ngn cch khi cc phn khc ca tng bng cc b phn ngn chy)
c nhm nguy him chy theo cng nng F 1.2, F 3, F 4.3 c din tch khng ln hn 300 m2,
vi s ngi khng ln hn 20 ngi v khi li thot nn i vo bung thang b c ca i ngn
chy loi 2 (theo Bng 2).
3.2.7. S li ra thot nn t mt tng khng c t hn hai nu tng ny c gian phng c yu cu s
li ra thot nn khng t hn hai.
S li ra thot nn t mt ngi nh khng c t hn s li ra thot nn t bt k tng no ca
ngi nh .
21
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
3.2.8. Khi c t hai li ra thot nn tr ln, chng phi c b tr phn tn (tr cc li ra t hnh lang
vo cc bung thang b khng nhim khi). Khong cch ti thiu L (m) gia cc li ra thot
nn xa nht (li n cch li kia) c xc nh theo cc cng thc:
Tnh cho cc li ra t gian phng: L 1,50
Tnh cho cc li ra t hnh lang: L 0,33
P
(n 1)
D
(n 1)
Trong :
P - chu vi gian phng, m;
n - s li ra thot nn;
D - chiu di hnh lang, m.
Nu trong gian phng, trn mt tng hoc trong ngi nh c t hai li ra thot nn tr ln, th khi
tnh ton kh nng thot nn ca cc li ra cn gi thit l m chy ngn cn khng cho
ngi s dng thot nn qua mt trong nhng li ra . Cc li ra cn li phi m bo kh nng
thot nn an ton cho tt c s ngi c trong gian phng, trn tng hoc trong ngi nh .
3.2.9. Chiu cao thng thu ca li ra thot nn phi khng nh hn 1,9 m, chiu rng thng thy
khng nh hn:
+ 1,2 m t cc gian phng nhm F 1.1 khi s ngi thot nn ln hn 15 ngi, t cc gian
phng v nh thuc nhm nguy him chy theo cng nng khc c s ngi thot nn ln
hn 50 ngi, ngoi tr nhm F 1.3;
+ 0,8 m trong tt c cc trng hp cn li.
Chiu rng ca cc ca i bn ngoi ca bung thang b cng nh ca cc ca i t bung thang
b vo snh khng c nh hn gi tr tnh ton hoc chiu rng ca bn thang c quy nh
ti 3.4.1.
Trong mi trng hp, khi xc nh chiu rng ca mt li ra thot nn phi tnh n dng hnh
hc ca ng thot nn qua l ca hoc ca bo m khng cn tr vic vn chuyn cc
cng ti thng c ngi nm trn.
3.2.10. Cc ca ca li ra thot nn v cc ca khc trn ng thot nn phi c m theo chiu li
thot t trong nh ra ngoi.
Khng quy nh chiu m ca cc ca i vi:
a) Cc gian phng nhm F 1.3 v F 1.4;
b) Cc gian phng c mt ng thi khng qu 15 ngi, ngoi tr cc gian phng hng A hoc
B;
c) Cc phng kho c din tch khng ln hn 200 m2 v khng c ch cho ngi lm vic
thng xuyn;
d) Cc bung v sinh;
e) Cc li ra dn vo cc chiu thang ca cc cu thang b loi 3.
22
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
3.2.11. Cc ca ca cc li ra thot nn t cc hnh lang tng, khng gian chung, phng ch, snh v
bung thang b phi khng c cht kha c th m c ca t do t bn trong m khng cn
cha. Trong cc nh chiu cao ln hn 15 m, cc cnh ca ni trn, ngoi tr cc ca ca cn h,
phi l ca c hoc vi knh cng lc.
i vi cc bung thang b, cc ca ra vo phi c c cu t ng v khe ca phi c chn
kn. Cc ca trong bung thang b m trc tip ra ngoi cho php khng c c cu t ng v
khng cn chn kn khe ca.
Cc ca ca li ra thot nn t cc gian phng hay cc hnh lang c bo v chng khi cng
bc, phi l ca c c trang b c cu t ng v khe ca phi c chn kn. Cc ca ny
nu cn m khi s dng, th phi c trang b c cu t ng ng khi c chy.
3.2.12. Cc li ra khng tho mn cc yu cu i vi li ra thot nn c th c xem l li ra khn cp
tng thm mc an ton cho ngi khi c chy. Cc li ra khn cp khng c a vo
tnh ton thot nn khi chy.
3.2.13. Ngoi trng hp nu 3.2.12, cc li ra khn cp cn gm c:
a) Li ra ban cng hoc lgia, m c khong tng c vi chiu rng khng nh hn 1,2 m
tnh t mp ban cng (lgia) ti ca s (hay ca i lp knh) hoc khng nh hn 1,6 m gia
cc ca knh m ra ban cng (lgia);
b) Li ra dn vo mt li i chuyn tip h (cu vt) dn tip n mt n nguyn lin k ca
nh nhm F 1.3 hoc n mt khoang chy lin k. Li i chuyn tip ny phi c chiu rng
khng nh hn 0,6 m;
c) Li ra ban cng hoc lgia, m c trang b thang bn ngoi ni cc ban cng hoc lgia
theo tng tng;
d) Li ra bn ngoi trc tip t cc gian phng c cao trnh sn hon thin khng thp hn m
4,5 m v khng cao hn 5,0 m qua ca s hoc ca i c kch thc khng nh hn 0,75 m x
1,5 m, cng nh qua ca np c kch thc khng nh hn 0,6 m x 0,8 m; khi ti cc li ra
ny phi c trang b thang leo; dc ca cc thang leo ny khng quy nh;
e) Li ra mi ca nh c bc chu la I, II v III thuc cp S0 v S1 qua ca s, ca i hoc ca
np vi kch thc v thang leo c quy nh nh ti mc d).
3.2.14. Trong cc tng k thut cho php b tr cc li ra thot nn vi chiu cao khng nh hn 1,8 m.
T cc tng k thut ch dng t cc mng k thut cng trnh (ng ng, ng dy,)
cho php b tr li ra khn cp qua ca i vi kch thc khng nh hn 0,75 m x 1,5 m hoc
qua ca np vi kch thc khng nh hn 0,6 m x 0,8 m m khng cn b tr li ra thot nn.
Khi tng k thut c din tch ti 300 m2 cho php b tr mt li ra, cn c mi din tch tip
theo nh hn hoc bng 2.000 m2 th phi b tr thm khng t hn mt li ra.
Trong cc tng k thut ngm cc li ra ny phi c ngn cch vi cc li ra khc ca ngi
nh v dn trc tip ra bn ngoi.
3.3.
ng thot nn
23
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
hp vi cc yu cu ca tiu chun TCVN 3890 : 2009 Phng tin Phng chy cha chy cho
nh v cng trnh trang b, b tr, kim tra, bo dng.
3.3.2. Khong cch gii hn cho php t v tr xa nht ca gian phng, hoc t ch lm vic xa nht ti
li ra thot nn gn nht, c o theo trc ca ng thot nn, phi c hn ch ty thuc
vo:
+ Nhm nguy him chy theo cng nng v hng nguy him chy n ca gian phng v nh;
+ S lng ngi thot nn;
+ Cc thng s hnh hc ca gian phng v ng thot nn;
+ Cp nguy him chy kt cu v bc chu la ca nh.
Chiu di ca ng thot nn theo cu thang b loi 2 ly bng ba ln chiu cao ca thang .
CH THCH: Cc yu cu c th v khong cch gii hn cho php t v tr xa nht n li ra thot nn gn nht c nu
trong cc Quy chun cho tng loi cng trnh. Ph lc G nu mt s quy nh c th cho cc nhm nh
thng gp.
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Cc khung trn treo trong cc gian phng v trn cc ng thot nn phi c lm bng vt
liu khng chy.
3.3.5. Trong cc hnh lang trn li ra thot nn nu 3.2.1, ngoi tr nhng trng hp ni ring trong
quy chun, khng cho php b tr: thit b nh ra khi mt phng ca tng trn cao nh hn
2 m; cc ng dn kh chy v ng dn cc cht lng chy c, cng nh cc t tng, tr cc t
thng tin lin lc v t t hng nc cha chy.
Cc hnh lang nu 3.2.1 phi c bao bc bng cc b phn ngn chy ph hp quy nh
trong cc quy chun cho tng loi cng trnh.
Cc hnh lang di hn 60 m phi c phn chia bng cc vch ngn chy loi 2 thnh cc on
c chiu di c xc nh theo yu cu bo v chng khi nu trong Ph lc D, nhng khng
c vt qu 60 m. Cc ca i trong cc vch ngn chy ny phi ph hp vi cc yu cu ca
3.2.11.
Khi cc cnh ca i ca gian phng m nh ra hnh lang, th chiu rng ca ng thot nn
theo hnh lang c ly bng chiu rng thng thy ca hnh lang tr i:
Mt na chiu rng phn nh ra ca cnh ca (tnh cho ca nh ra nhiu nht) - khi ca c b
tr mt bn hnh lang;
C chiu rng phn nh ra ca cnh ca (tnh cho ca nh ra nhiu nht) - khi cc ca c b
tr hai bn hnh lang;
Yu cu ny khng p dng cho hnh lang tng (snh chung) nm gia ca ra t cn h v ca
ra dn vo bung thang b trong cc n nguyn nh nhm F 1.3.
3.3.6. Chiu cao thng thy cc on nm ngang ca ng thot nn khng c nh hn 2 m, chiu
rng thng thy cc on nm ngang ca ng thot nn v cc on dc khng c nh hn:
+ 1,2 m - i vi hnh lang chung dng thot nn cho hn 15 ngi t cc gian phng
nhm F 1, hn 50 ngi - t cc gian phng thuc nhm nguy him chy theo cng nng
khc;
+ 0,7 m i vi cc li i n cc ch lm vic n l;
+ 1,0 m trong tt c cc trng hp cn li.
Trong bt k trng hp no, cc ng thot nn phi rng, c tnh n dng hnh hc ca
chng, khng cn tr vic vn chuyn cc cng ti thng c ngi nm trn.
3.3.7. Trn sn ca ng thot nn khng c c cc git cp vi chiu cao chnh lch nh hn 45
cm hoc c g nh ln, ngoi tr cc ngng trong cc ca i. Ti cc ch c git cp phi b
tr bc thang vi s bc khng nh hn 3 hoc lm ng dc vi dc khng c ln hn 1 :
6 ( chnh cao khng c qu 10 cm trn chiu di 60 cm hoc gc to bi ng dc vi mt
bng khng ln hn 9,5o).
Khi lm bc thang nhng ni c chiu cao chnh lch ln hn 45 cm phi b tr lan can tay
vn.
Trn ng thot nn khng cho php b tr cu thang xon c, cu thang cong ton phn hoc
tng phn theo mt bng v trong phm vi mt bn thang v mt bung thang b khng cho
25
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
php b tr cc bc c chiu cao khc nhau v chiu rng mt bc khc nhau. Trn ng thot
nn khng c b tr gng soi gy ra s nhm ln v ng thot nn.
3.4.
3.4.1. Chiu rng ca bn thang b dng thot ngi, trong k c bn thang t trong bung
thang b, khng c nh hn chiu rng tnh ton hoc chiu rng ca bt k li ra thot nn
(ca i) no trn n, ng thi khng c nh hn:
a) 1,35 m i vi nh nhm F 1.1;
b) 1,2 m i vi nh c s ngi trn tng bt k, tr tng mt, ln hn 200 ngi;
c) 0,7 m i vi cu thang b dn n cc ch lm vic n l;
d) 0,9 m i vi tt c cc trng hp cn li.
3.4.2. dc (gc nghing) ca cc thang b trn cc ng thot nn khng c ln hn 1 : 1 (45o);
b rng mt bc khng c nh hn 25 cm, cn chiu cao bc khng c ln hn 22 cm.
dc (gc nghing) ca cc cu thang b h i ti cc ch lm vic n l cho php tng n
2 : 1 (63,5o).
Cho php gim chiu rng mt bc ca cu thang cong n tip (thng b tr snh tng 1)
phn thu hp ti 22 cm; Cho php gim chiu rng mt bc ti 12 cm i vi cc cu thang b
ch dng cho cc gian phng c tng s ch lm vic khng ln hn 15 ngi (tr cc gian
phng nhm F 5 hng A hoc B).
Cc cu thang b loi 3 phi c lm bng vt liu khng chy v c t st cc phn c
(khng c ca s hay l nh sng) ca tng c nhm nguy him chy khng thp hn K1 v
c gii hn chu la khng thp hn REI 30. Cc cu thang b ny phi c chiu thang nm cng
cao trnh vi li ra thot nn, c lan can cao 1,2 m v b tr cch l ca s khng nh hn 1 m.
Cu thang b loi 2 phi tha mn cc yu cu quy nh i vi bn thang v chiu thang trong
bung thang b.
3.4.3. Chiu rng ca chiu thang b phi khng nh hn chiu rng ca bn thang. Cn chiu rng
ca chiu thang trc li vo thang my (chiu thang ng thi l snh ca thang my) i vi
thang my c cnh ca bn l m ra, phi khng nh hn tng chiu rng bn thang v mt na
chiu rng cnh ca ca thang my, nhng khng nh hn 1,6 m.
Cc chiu ngh trung gian trong bn thang b thng phi c chiu di khng nh hn 1 m.
Cc ca i c cnh ca m vo bung thang b th khi m, cnh ca khng c lm gim chiu
rng tnh ton ca cc chiu thang v bn thang.
3.4.4. Trong cc bung thang b khng cho php b tr:
Cc ng dn kh chy v cht lng chy c;
Cc t tng, tr cc t thng tin lin lc v t cha cc hng nc cha chy;
Cc cp v dy in t h (tr dy in cho thit b in dng thp) chiu sng hnh lang v
bung thang b;
Cc li ra t thang ti v thit b nng hng;
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Cc thit b nh ra khi mt tng cao di 2,2 m tnh t b mt ca cc bc v chiu
thang.
Trong khng gian ca cc bung thang b, khng cho php b tr bt k cc phng chc nng
no.
3.4.5. Trong khng gian ca cc bung thang b, tr cc bung thang khng nhim khi, cho php b
tr khng qu hai thang my ch ngi h xung ch n tng 1 vi cc kt cu bao che ging
thang lm t cc vt liu khng chy.
Cc ging thang my nm ngoi nh, nu cn bao che th phi s dng cc kt cu lm t vt liu
khng chy.
3.4.6. Cc bung thang b tng 1 phi c li ra ngoi trc tip ti khu t lin k ngi nh hoc qua
snh c ngn cch vi cc hnh lang tip gip bng cc vch ngn chy loi 1 c ca i. Khi
b tr cc li ra thot nn t hai bung thang b qua snh chung th mt trong s , tr li ra dn
vo snh, phi c ca ra bn ngoi trc tip.
Cc bung thang b loi N1 phi c li ra thot trc tip ngay ra ngoi tri.
3.4.7. Cc bung thang b, tr bung thang b loi L2, phi c cc l ly nh sng vi din tch khng
nh hn 1,2 m2 trn cc tng ngoi mi tng.
Cho php b tr khng qu 50% bung thang b bn trong khng c cc l ly nh sng, dng
thot nn, trong cc trng hp sau:
Cc nh thuc nhm F 2, F 3 v F 4: i vi bung thang loi N2 hoc N3 c p sut khng kh
dng khi chy;
Cc nh thuc nhm F 5 hng C c chiu cao ti 28 m, cn hng D v E khng ph thuc chiu
cao nh: i vi bung thang loi N3 c p sut khng kh dng khi chy;
Cc bung thang b loi L2 phi c l ly nh sng trn mi c din tch khng nh hn 4 m2 vi
khong h gia cc v thang c chiu rng khng nh hn 0,7 m hoc ging ly sng theo sut
chiu cao ca bung thang b vi din tch mt ct ngang khng nh hn 2 m2.
3.4.8. Vic bo v chng khi cc bung thang b loi N2 v N3 phi tun theo Ph lc D. Khi cn
thit, cc bung thang b loi N2 phi c chia thnh cc khoang theo chiu cao bng cc vch
ngn chy c loi 1 vi li i li gia cc khoang nm ngoi khng gian bung thang b;
Cc ca s trong cc bung thang b loi N2 phi l ca s khng m c.
3.4.9. Tnh khng nhim khi ca li i qua khong thng thong bn ngoi dn ti cc bung thang b
khng nhim khi loi N1 phi c m bo bng cc gii php kt cu v quy hoch khng
gian.
Cc li i ny phi h, thng khng t ti cc gc bn trong ca nh, ng thi phi m
bo cc yu cu sau:
Khi mt phn ca tng ngoi ca nh ni tip vi phn tng khc di mt gc nh hn 135o
th khong cch theo phng ngang t l ca i gn nht khong thng thong bn ngoi ti
nh gc tip gip phi khng nh hn 4 m; khong cch ny c th gim n bng gi tr phn
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nh ra ca tng ngoi; yu cu ny khng p dng cho li i, nm cc gc tip gip ln hn
hoc bng 135o, cng nh cho phn nh ra ca tng ngoi c gi tr khng ln hn 1,2 m;
Chiu rng phn tng gia cc l ca i ca khong thng thong bn ngoi v ca s gn
nht ca gian phng khng c nh hn 2 m;
Cc li i phi c chiu rng khng nh hn 1,2 m vi chiu cao lan can 1,2 m, chiu rng ca
phn tng gia cc l ca i khong thng thong bn ngoi phi khng nh hn 1,2 m.
3.4.10. Cc bung thang b loi L1 c php b tr trong cc nh thuc tt c cc nhm nguy him
chy theo cng nng c chiu cao ti 28 m; khi , trong nh nhm F 5 hng A hoc B, li ra
hnh lang tng t cc gian phng hng A hoc B phi i qua khoang m lun lun c p sut
khng kh dng.
3.4.11. Cc bung thang b loi L2 c php b tr trong cc nh c bc chu la I, II, III thuc cp
nguy him chy kt cu S0, S1 v nhm nguy him chy theo cng nng F 1, F 2, F 3 v F 4, vi
chiu cao khng qu 9 m. Cho php tng chiu cao ca nh n 12 m khi l ly sng bn trn
c m t ng khi chy v khi trong nh nhm F 1.3 c h thng bo chy t ng hoc c
cc u bo chy c lp.
Khi b tr cc bung thang b loi L2, cn phi m bo cc yu cu sau:
Trong cc nh nhm F 2, F 3 v F 4, s lng cc bung thang b loi L2 phi khng c qu
50%, cc bung thang b cn li phi c l ly sng trn tng ngoi mi tng (loi L1);
i vi cc nh nhm F 1.3 dng n nguyn, trong tng cn h c b tr cao trn 4 m phi
c mt li ra khn cp theo 3.2.13.
3.4.12. Trong cc nh c chiu cao ln hn 28 m, cng nh trong cc nh nhm F 5 hng A hoc B phi
b tr cc bung thang b khng nhim khi loi N1.
Cho php:
B tr khng qu 50% bung thang b loi N2 trong cc nh nhm F 1.3 dng hnh lang;
B tr khng qu 50% bung thang b loi N2 hoc N3 c p sut khng kh dng khi chy
trong cc nh nhm F 1.1, F 1.2, F 2, F 3 v F 4;
B tr bung thang b loi N2 v N3 c chiu sng t nhin v lun c p sut khng kh dng
trong cc nh nhm F 5 hng A hoc B;
B tr bung thang b loi N2 hoc N3 c p sut khng kh dng khi chy trong cc nh nhm
F 5 hng B;
B tr bung thang b loi N2 hoc N3 c p sut khng kh dng khi chy trong cc nh nhm
F 5 hng C hoc D. Khi b tr bung thang b loi L1 th bung thang phi c phn khoang
bng vch ngn chy c qua mi 20 m chiu cao v li i t khoang ny sang khoang khc ca
bung thang phi t ngoi khng gian ca bung thang.
3.4.13. Trong cc nh c cc bung thang b khng nhim khi phi b tr bo v chng khi cho cc
hnh lang chung, cc snh, cc khng gian chung v cc phng ch.
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3.4.14. Trong cc nh c bc chu la I v II thuc cp nguy him chy kt cu S0, cho php b tr cc
cu thang b loi 2 i t tin snh ln tng hai c tnh n cc yu cu ca 4.26.
3.4.15. Trong cc nh cao khng qu 28 m thuc cc nhm nguy him chy theo cng nng F 1.2, F 2,
F 3, F 4, vi bc chu la I, II v cp nguy him chy kt cu S0, th cho php s dng cc cu
thang b loi 2 ni hai tng tr ln, khi cc bung thang b thot nn p ng yu cu ca cc ti
liu chun v 4.27.
3.4.16. Cc thang cun phi c b tr ph hp cc yu cu quy nh cho cu thang b loi 2.
Vic ngn chn s lan truyn ca m chy c thc hin bng cc bin php hn ch din tch
chy, cng chy v thi gian chy. C th l:
S dng gii php kt cu v quy hoch khng gian, ngn cn s lan truyn ca cc yu t
nguy him ca m chy trong mt gian phng, gia cc gian phng vi nhau, gia cc nhm
gian phng c tnh nguy him chy theo cng nng khc nhau, gia cc tng v cc n nguyn,
gia cc khoang chy, cng nh gia cc ta nh;
Hn ch tnh nguy him chy ca vt liu xy dng c s dng cc lp b mt ca kt cu
nh, bao gm: lp lp mi, cc lp hon thin ca tng ngoi, ca cc gian phng v ca cc
ng thot nn;
Hn ch tnh nguy him chy v nguy him chy n cng ngh trong cc gian phng v nh;
C cc thit b cha chy ban u, trong bao gm thit b t ng v cm tay;
C thit b pht hin chy v bo chy.
CH THCH: 1) Quy nh v khong cch phng chy chng chy gia cc nh , cng trnh cng cng v cc nh sn xut
c cho Ph lc E. Khong cch gia cc kho cht lng chy, cc kho h trn mt t c cha cht chy,
cc bn cha LPG( 1), kh chy n cc cng trnh khc phi tun theo nhng quy chun chuyn ngnh.
2) Thut ng Cng chy c nu trong Ph lc A.
4.2.
4.3.
Cc b phn nh (cc gian phng, tng k thut, tng hm, tng na hm v cc phn khc ca
nh) m vic cha chy kh khn cn c trang b cc phng tin b sung nhm hn ch din
tch, cng v thi gian chy.
4.4.
Hiu qu ca cc gii php nhm ngn chn s lan truyn ca m chy c php nh gi
bng cc tnh ton kinh t - k thut da trn cc yu cu ca 1.4.1 v hn ch thit hi trc tip
v gin tip do chy.
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4.5.
Cc phn nh v gian phng thuc cc nhm nguy him chy theo cng nng khc nhau phi
c ngn cch vi nhau bng cc kt cu ngn cch vi gii hn chu la v cp nguy him
chy kt cu theo quy nh hoc ngn cch nhau bng cc b phn ngn chy. Khi yu cu i
vi cc kt cu ngn cch v b phn ngn chy ny c xem xt c k n tnh nguy him
chy theo cng nng ca cc gian phng, gi tr ti trng chy, bc chu la v cp nguy him
chy kt cu ca nh.
4.6.
Trong mt ngi nh khi cc phn c tnh nguy him chy theo cng nng khc nhau c
phn chia bng cc b phn ngn chy th mi phn phi p ng cc yu cu v chng chy
t ra nh i vi nh c nhm nguy him chy theo cng nng tng ng.
Vic la chn h thng bo v chng chy ca nh phi c da trn c s: khi cc phn ca
nh c tnh nguy him chy theo cng nng khc nhau, th tnh nguy him chy theo cng nng
ca ton nh c th ln hn tnh nguy him chy theo cng nng ca bt c phn no trong nh
.
4.7.
Trong cc nh thuc nhm F 5, nu yu cu cng ngh cho php, cn b tr cc gian phng hng
A v B gn tng ngoi, cn trong cc nh nhiu tng, cn b tr cc gian phng ny cc tng
pha trn.
4.8.
Trong cc tng hm v tng na hm, khng cho php b tr cc gian phng c s dng hoc lu
gi cc cht kh v cht lng chy cng nh cc vt liu d bt chy, tr cc trng hp c ni
ring.
4.9.
Cc cu kin xy dng khng c to iu kin cho vic lan truyn chy ngm.
4.10.
Tnh chu la ca cc chi tit lin kt cu kin xy dng khng c thp hn tnh chu la yu
cu ca chnh cu kin .
4.11.
4.12.
4.13.
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4.14.
Hiu qu ca cc bin php chng chy, s dng cho vic lm gim tnh nguy him chy ca vt
liu, phi c nh gi bng cc th nghim nhm nguy him chy ca vt liu xy dng nu
trong phn 2 (Phn loi k thut v chy).
Hiu qu ca cc bin php chng chy, s dng nng cao tnh chu la ca cu kin, phi
c nh gi bng cc th nghim gii hn chu la ca cc cu kin xy dng nu trong phn
2 (Phn loi k thut v chy).
Hiu qu ca cc bin php chng chy, khng c tnh n khi xc nh kh nng chu lc ca
cc cu kin kim loi (ct hay dm), c php nh gi bng cc th nghim so snh cc m
hnh kch thc thu nh ca ct vi chiu cao khng nh hn 1,7 m hoc cc m hnh dm c
nhp khng nh hn 2,8 m m khng c ti trng tnh.
4.15.
Cc trn treo dng nng cao gii hn chu la ca cc sn v mi, xt v tnh nguy him chy,
phi p ng cc yu cu t ra cho cc sn v mi .
Cc vch ngn chy trong cc gian phng c trn treo phi ngn chia c khng gian pha trn trn
treo.
Trong khng gian bn trn cc trn treo khng cho php b tr cc knh v ng ng vn
chuyn cc cht chy dng kh, hn hp bi - kh, cht lng v vt liu chy.
Cc trn treo khng c b tr trong cc gian phng hng A hoc B.
4.16.
4.17.
Cc tng ngn chy, dng phn chia nh thnh cc khoang chy, phi c b tr trn ton
b chiu cao nh v phi bo m khng chy lan truyn t pha ngun chy vo khoang chy
lin k khi cc kt cu nh pha c chy b sp .
Tng din tch cc l ca trong cc b phn ngn chy, tr kt cu bao che ca cc ging thang
my, khng c vt qu 25% din tch ca b phn ngn chy . Ca v van ngn chy trong
cc b phn ngn chy phi p ng cc yu cu ca 2.4.3 v cc yu cu ca phn ny.
Ti cc ca i trong cc b phn ngn chy dng ngn cc gian phng hng A hoc B vi cc
khng gian khc nh: phng c hng khc vi hng A hoc B, hnh lang, bung thang b v
snh thang my, phi b tr cc khoang m lun c p sut khng kh dng nh yu cu nu
trong Ph lc D. Khng c php b tr cc khoang m chung cho hai gian phng tr ln cng
c hng A hoc B.
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4.20.
Khi khng th b tr cc khoang m ngn chy trong cc b phn ngn chy dng ngn cc
gian phng hng A hoc B vi cc gian phng khc hoc khi khng th b tr cc ca i, cng,
ca np v van trong cc b phn ngn chy dng ngn cc gian phng hng C vi cc gian
phng khc, cn phi thit lp t hp cc gii php nhm ngn nga s lan truyn ca m chy
v s xm nhp vo cc phng v tng lin k ca cc kh, hi d bt chy, hi ca cc cht lng,
bi v x chy m cc cht ny c kh nng to thnh cc nng nguy him n. Hiu qu ca
cc gii php phi c chng minh.
Trong cc l ca ca cc b phn ngn chy gia cc gian phng lin k hng C, D v E, khi
khng th ng c bng ca hoc cng ngn chy, cho php b tr cc khoang m h c
trang b thit b cha chy t ng. Cc kt cu bao che ca cc khoang m ny phi l kt cu
ngn chy.
4.21.
Ca v van ngn chy trong cc b phn ngn chy phi c lm t cc vt liu khng chy.
Cho php s dng cc vt liu thuc nhm c tnh chy khng thp hn Ch3 c bo v bng
vt liu khng chy c dy khng nh hn 4 mm lm cc ca, cng, ca np v van ngn
chy.
Ca ca cc khoang m ngn chy, ca i, cng, ca np ngn chy trong cc b phn ngn
chy pha cc gian phng trong khng bo qun v khng s dng cc cht kh chy, cht
lng chy v vt liu chy, cng nh khng c cc qu trnh cng ngh lin quan ti vic hnh
thnh cc bi chy, c php lm t vt liu thuc nhm c tnh chy Ch3 vi chiu dy khng
nh hn 40 mm v khng c hc rng.
4.22.
CH THCH: 1) Cho php t ng thng gi v ng khi trong tng ngn chy ca nh , cng trnh cng cng v nh ph
tr khi chiu dy ti thiu ca tng ngn chy (tr tit din ng ng) ch khng c di 25 cm,
cn b dy phn ngn gia ng khi v ng thng hi ti thiu l 12 cm.
2) Nhng l t ng dn nc b phn ngn chy phi c x l ph hp vi quy nh trong 4.12.
4.23.
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Trong cc nh c cc bung thang b khng nhim khi phi b tr bo v chng khi t ng
cho cc ging thang my m ti ca ra ca chng khng c cc khoang m ngn chy vi p
sut khng kh dng khi chy.
4.24.
4.25.
Trong nh thuc mi nhm nguy him chy theo cng nng, tr nhm F 1.3, theo cc iu kin
ca cng ngh, cho php b tr cc thang b ring bit lu thng gia tng hm hoc tng na
hm vi tng mt.
Cc thang b ny phi c bao che bng cc vch ngn chy loi 1 vi khoang m ngn chy
c p sut khng kh dng khi chy.
Cho php khng b tr khoang m ngn chy nh nu cho cc thang b ny trong cc nh
nhm
F 5 vi iu kin chng dn t tng hm hoc tng na hm c cc gian phng hng C 4, D, E
vo cc gian phng cng hng tng mt.
Cc thang b ny khng c k n khi tnh ton thot nn, tr cc trng hp ni 3.2.1.
4.26.
Khi b tr cc cu thang b loi 2 i t snh tng 1 ln tng 2, th snh ny phi c ngn cch
khi cc hnh lang v cc gian phng lin k bng cc vch ngn chy loi 1.
4.27. Gian phng, trong c b tr cu thang b loi 2 theo 3.4.15, phi c ngn cch vi cc hnh
lang thng vi n v cc gian phng khc bng cc vch ngn chy loi 1. Cho php khng ngn
cch gian phng c cu thang b loi 2 bng cc vch ngn chy khi:
C trang b cha chy t ng trong ton b nh;
Trong cc nh c chiu cao khng ln hn 9 m vi din tch mt tng khng qu 300 m2.
4.28.
4.29.
Vic la chn kch thc ca nh v ca cc khoang chy, cng nh khong cch gia cc nh
phi da vo bc chu la, cp nguy him chy kt cu, nhm nguy him chy theo cng nng v
gi tr ti trng chy, c tnh n hiu qu ca cc phng tin bo v chng chy c s dng,
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s c mt, v tr v mc trang b ca cc n v cha chy, nhng hu qu c th v kinh t v
mi trng sinh thi do chy.
4.30.
Trong qu trnh khai thc vn hnh, tt c cc thit b k thut bo v chng chy phi bo m
kh nng lm vic theo ng yu cu t ra.
4.31.
Vic trang b h thng bo chy v cha chy t ng phi tun theo tiu chun TCVN 3890 :
2009.
5. CHA CHY V CU NN
5.1.
Nh v cng trnh phi m bo vic cha chy v cu nn bng cc gii php: kt cu, quy
hoch khng gian, k thut - cng trnh v gii php t chc.
Cc gii php ny bao gm:
B tr cc ng cho xe cha chy v li tip cn cho lc lng v phng tin cha chy, kt
hp chung vi cc ng v li i theo cng nng ca ngi nh hoc b tr ring;
B tr cc thang cha chy ngoi nh v bo m cc phng tin cn thit khc a lc
lng cha chy cng cc trang thit b k thut cha chy n cc tng v mi ca cc ngi
nh, trong gm c vic b tr cc thang my c ch chuyn ch lc lng cha chy;
B tr ng ng cp nc cha chy, kt hp vi cc ng ng cp nc sinh hot hoc b tr
ring, v khi cn thit, b tr cc hng tip nc, ng ng tip nc vo trong nh cho lc
lng cha chy, cc tr nc, b cha nc cha chy hoc cc ngun cp nc cha chy
khc;
Bo v chng khi cho cc li i ca lc lng cha chy bn trong ngi nh;
Trang b cho ngi nh cc phng tin cu ngi cho c nhn v tp th trong trng hp cn
thit;
B tr trn a phn khu dn c, khu cng nghip hoc cng trnh, cc trm (i) phng chy v
cha chy vi s lng nhn vin v cc thit b k thut cha chy cn thit, p ng cc iu
kin cha chy trn cc cng trnh hoc khu vc trong phm vi hot ng ca cc trm (i) ny.
Vic la chn cc gii php nu trn ph thuc vo bc chu la, cp nguy him chy kt cu v
nhm nguy him chy theo cng nng ca ngi nh.
5.2.
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ng ct dng cho mt ln xe khng c di qu 150 m, cui ng phi c bi quay xe theo
cc quy nh trong 5.3. Nu di qu 100 m phi c ch trnh xe vi kch thc theo quy nh
5.4;
C th tip cn ti cc ngun nc cha chy ca cng trnh cng nh ti cc im thun li cho
vic cha chy, cu nn. Khong cch t ni xe cha chy ti hng tip nc vo nh khng
c ln hn 18 m.
5.3.
5.4.
5.5.
5.6.
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QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Khi iu kin sn xut khng yu cu c ng vo th li vo cho xe cha chy c php b
tr phn ng rng 3,5 m cho xe chy, nn ng c gia c bng cc vt liu m bo chu
c ti trng ca xe cha chy v m bo thot nc mt.
Khong cch t mp li vo cho xe cha chy n tng ca ngi nh phi khng ln hn 5 m
i vi cc nh c chiu cao nh hn 12 m, khng ln hn 8 m i vi cc nh c chiu cao trn
12 m n 28 m v khng ln hn 10 m i vi cc nh c chiu cao trn 28 m.
Trong nhng trng hp cn thit, khong cch t mp ng n tng ngoi ca ngi nh v
cng trnh c tng n 60 m vi iu kin ngi nh v cng trnh ny c cc ng ct vo,
km theo bi quay xe cha chy v b tr cc tr nc cha chy. Trong trng hp , khong
cch t nh v cng trnh n bi quay xe cha chy phi khng nh hn 5 m v khng ln hn
15 m v khong cch gia cc ng ct khng c vt qu 100 m.
CH THCH: 1) Chiu rng ca ta nh v cng trnh ly theo khong cch gia cc trc nh v.
2) i vi cc h nc c s dng cha chy, cn b tr li vo vi khong sn c kch thc mi chiu
khng nh hn 12 m.
3) Cc tr nc cha chy cn c b tr dc ng xe chy, m bo khong cch n mp ng khng
ln hn 2,5 m v khong cch n tng ca ta nh khng nh hn 5 m.
5.7.
5.8.
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5.9.
5.10.
5.11.
5.12.
5.13.
Gia cc bn thang v gia cc lan can tay vn ca bn thang phi c khe h vi chiu rng
thng thy chiu trn mt bng khng nh hn 100 mm.
5.14.
CH THCH: Yu cu k thut c th ca thang my m bo vn chuyn lc lng v phng tin cha chy c tiu
chun quy nh ring.
5.15.
5.16.
Cc h thng cp nc cha chy cho nh phi bo m lc lng v phng tin cha chy
c th tip cn v s dng mi thi im.
5.17.
Vic cp nc cha chy cng nh trang b v b tr cc phng tin, dng c cha chy chuyn
dng khc cho nh v cng trnh phi tun theo quy nh ca tiu chun TCVN 3890 : 2009.
5.18.
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a) Cc nh cao trn 10 tng, cc nh cng cng tp trung ng ngi, gara, nh sn xut, kho c
din tch trn 18.000 m2 phi c phng trc iu khin chng chy v c nhn vin c chuyn
mn thng xuyn trc ti phng iu khin.
b) Phng trc iu khin chng chy phi:
C din tch b tr cc thit b theo yu cu phng chng chy ca nh nhng khng nh
hn 6 m2;
C hai li ra vo: mt li thng vi khng gian trng ngoi nh v mt li thng vi hnh lang
chnh thot nn;
c ngn cch vi cc phn khc ca nh bng cc b phn ngn chy loi 1;
C lp t cc thit b thng tin v u mi ca h thng bo chy lin h vi tt c cc khu vc
ca ngi nh;
C bng theo di iu khin cc thit b cha chy, thit b khng ch khi v c s mt bng
b tr cc thit b phng chy cha chy ca nh.
38
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Ph lc A
Gii thch t ng
A.1.
A.2.
A.3.
A.4.
A.5.
Cng chy
i lng biu th tc gii phng nhit lng ca mt m chy.
A.6.
A.7.
A.8.
Khoang chy
Mt phn ca ngi nh c ngn cch vi cc phn khc ca ngi nh bng cc tng ngn
chy loi 1.
A.9.
Khoang m
Khng gian chuyn tip gia hai ca i, dng bo v trnh s xm nhp ca kh lnh, ca
khi, hoc ca cc kh khc khi i vo nh, vo bung thang b, hoc vo cc gian phng khc
ca nh.
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QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Khoang m c cc b phn cu thnh c gii hn chu la m bo yu cu quy nh (xem
2.4.3).
A.11. Ti liu chun
Ti liu ra cc quy tc, hng dn hoc c tnh i vi nhng hot ng hoc nhng kt qu
ca chng (theo tiu chun TCVN 6450 : 2007).
CH THCH: Thut ng ti liu chun l mt thut ng chung bao gm cc ti liu nh cc tiu chun (standards), quy
nh k thut (technical specifications), quy phm thc hnh (code of practices) v quy chun (regulation,
code).
40
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Ph lc B
Phn loi vt liu xy dng theo cc c trng chy
B.1.
Vt liu xy dng c phn thnh hai loi: vt liu chy v vt liu khng chy theo cc tr s
ca cc thng s th nghim chy nh sau:
a) Vt liu khng chy, phi m bo trong sut khong thi gian th nghim:
Mc gia tng nhit ca l t khng qu 50 oC;
Khi lng mu b gim khng qu 50 %;
Thi gian ko di ca ngn la khng qu 10 giy.
b) Vt liu chy l vt liu khi th nghim, khng tha mn mt trong 3 yu t trn.
CH THCH: 1) Cc thng s th nghim c xc nh theo tiu chun TCXDVN 331 : 2004( 1) (EN ISO 1182), Vt liu
xy dng Phng php th tnh khng chy hoc tiu chun tng ng.
2) Mt s vt liu thc t sau c xp vo vt liu khng chy: Cc vt liu v c ni chung nh b tng,
gch t st nung, gm, kim loi, khi xy v va trt,
B.2.
Theo tnh chy, vt liu chy c phn thnh 4 nhm, ng vi cc thng s chy th nghim nh
sau:
Bng B 1 - Phn nhm vt liu chy theo tnh chy
Nhm chy ca vt
liu
Cc thng s chy
Nhit kh
trong ng thot
khi (k hiu T)
Mc h hng
lm gim chiu di
mu (k hiu L)
[oC]
[%]
Mc h hng
lm gim khi
lng mu (k
hiu m)
[%]
Ch1 - Chy yu
135
65
20
235
85
50
30
450
> 85
50
300
> 450
> 85
> 50
> 300
CH THCH: 1) Cc thng s th nghim c xc nh theo tiu chun Vit Nam hin hnh hoc tiu chun tng
ng v phng php th tnh chy ca vt liu xy dng.
2) Nu th nghim theo TCXDVN 331 : 2004, cc vt liu p ng yu cu sau cng c xp vo nhm
vt liu chy yu:
- Mc gia tng nhit ca l t khng qu 50 oC;
- Khi lng mu b gim khng qu 50 % v thi gian ko di ca ngn la khng qu 20 giy.
B.3.
Theo tnh bt chy, vt liu chy c phn thnh 3 nhm ng vi cc thng s th nghim chy
nh sau:
Tiu chun TCXDVN 331 : 2004 s c chuyn i thnh TCVN theo quy nh ca Lut Tiu chun v Quy chun k thut.
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Bng B 2 - Phn nhm vt liu chy theo tnh bt chy
Nhm bt chy ca vt liu
BC1 - kh bt chy
BC2 - bt chy va phi
BC3 - d bt chy
CH THCH: Cc thng s th nghim c xc nh theo tiu chun ISO 5657 (Cc th nghim phn ng vi la Th
nghim tnh bt chy ca vt liu xy dng khi chu tc ng ca ngun nhit bc x) hoc tiu chun
tng ng.
B.4.
Theo tnh lan truyn la trn b mt, vt liu chy c phn thnh 4 nhm ng vi cc thng s
th nghim chy nh sau:
Bng B 3 - Phn nhm vt liu chy theo tnh lan truyn la trn b mt
< 5,0
CH THCH: Cc thng s th nghim c xc nh theo tiu chun ISO 9239 (Cc th nghim phn ng vi la S
lan truyn ca ngn la trn b mt vt liu sn. Xc nh cc ng x chy khi chu tc ng ca ngun
nhit bc x) hoc tiu chun tng ng.
B.5.
Theo kh nng sinh khi, vt liu chy c phn thnh 3 nhm ng vi cc thng s th nghim
nh sau:
Bng B 4 - Phn nhm vt liu chy theo kh nng sinh khi
CH THCH: Cc thng s th nghim c xc nh theo tiu chun ISO 5660 2 (Cc th nghim phn ng vi la
Mc gii phng nhit, mc sinh khi v mc gim trng lng Phn 2 Mc sinh khi) hoc
tiu chun tng ng.
B.6.
42
Theo c tnh, vt liu chy c phn thnh 4 nhm ng vi ch s c tnh HCL50 ca sn phm
chy nh sau:
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng B 5 - Phn nhm vt liu chy theo c tnh
Ch s HCL50 [g/m3], tng ng vi thi gian l
15 pht
30 pht
60 pht
> 210
> 150
> 120
> 90
T2 - c tnh va phi
70 n 210
50 n 150
40 n 120
30 n 90
T3 - c tnh cao
25 n 70
47 n 50
13 n 40
10 n 30
25
47
13
10
T1 - c tnh thp
CH THCH: Cc thng s th nghim v tnh ton ch s HCL50 theo quy nh ca tiu chun ISO 13571 (Cc yu t e
da s sng ca m chy Hng dn xc nh khong thi gian cho php thot nn t cc s liu ca
m chy) hoc tiu chun tng ng.
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Ph lc C
Phn hng nh v cc gian phng theo tnh nguy him chy v chy n
C.1.
Theo tnh nguy him chy v chy n, nh v cc gian phng c phn thnh cc hng A, B, C1
n C4, D v E.
C.1.1. Hng nguy him chy v chy n ca gian phng c phn nh Bng C 1.
Bng C 1 - Phn hng nguy him chy v chy n i vi gian phng
Hng nguy him chy
ca gian phng
C 1 n C 4
Nguy him chy
Cc cht v vt liu khng chy trng thi nng, nng hoc nng chy, m qu
trnh gia cng c km theo s pht sinh bc x nhit, tia la v ngn la; Cc cht
rn, lng, kh chy c s dng lm nhin liu.
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Tng din tch ca cc gian phng hng A v B vt qu 5% tng din tch ca tt c cc gian
phng ca nh hoc vt qu 200 m2.
Cho php khng xp nh vo hng B nu tng din tch ca cc gian phng hng A v B trong
nh khng vt qu 25% tng din tch ca tt c cc gian phng ca nh (nhng khng vt
qu 1.000 m2) v cc gian phng hng A v B u c trang b cc thit b cha chy t
ng.
c) Nh c xp vo hng C nu ng thi tha mn 2 iu kin sau:
Nh khng thuc hng A hoc B;
Tng din tch ca cc gian phng hng A, B v C vt qu 5% (10%, nu trong nh khng c
hng A v B) tng din tch ca tt c cc gian phng ca nh.
Cho php khng xp nh vo hng C nu tng din tch ca cc gian phng hng A, B v C trong
nh khng vt qu 25% tng din tch ca tt c cc gian phng ca nh (nhng khng vt
qu 3.500 m2) v cc gian phng u c trang b cc thit b cha chy t ng.
d) Nh c xp vo hng D nu ng thi tha mn 2 iu kin sau:
Nh khng thuc hng A, B v C;
Tng din tch ca cc gian phng hng A, B, C v D vt qu 5% tng din tch ca tt c cc
gian phng ca nh.
Cho php khng xp nh vo hng D nu tng din tch ca cc gian phng hng A, B, C v D
trong nh khng vt qu 25% tng din tch ca tt c cc gian phng ca nh (nhng khng
vt qu 5.000 m2) v cc gian phng hng A, B, C u c trang b cc thit b cha chy t
ng.
e) Nh c xp vo hng E nu n khng thuc cc hng A, B, C hoc D.
C.2.
Mt s nh v gian phng thuc cc phn xng, nh kho, b phn sn xut c php phn
hng nguy him chy v chy n nh sau:
a) Hng A
Phn xng ch to v s dng Natri v Kali;
Phn xng nh my lm si nhn to, cao su nhn to;
Phn xng sn xut xng, du;
Phn xng Hydro ha chng ct v phn chia kh;
Phn xng sn xut nhin liu lng nhn to, thu hi v chng ct cc cht lng ha tan hu c
vi nhit bng chy th hi t 28oC tr xung;
Kho cha bnh ng hi t, kho xng;
Cc cn phng cha c quy kim v axit ca nh my in;
Cc trm bm cht lng c nhit bt chy th hi t 28oC tr xung.
b) Hng B
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Phn xng sn xut v vn chuyn than cm, mn ca, nhng trm ty ra cc thng du madt
v cc cht lng khc c nhit bng chy th hi t 28oC n 61oC;
Gian nghin v xay cn cht rn, phn xng ch bin cao su nhn to, phn xng sn xut
ng, nhng kho cha du madt ca nh my in, nhng trm bm cht lng c nhit
bng chy th hi t 28oC n 61oC.
c) Hng C
Phn xng x g, Phn xng lm m thut bng g;
Phn xng dt v may mc;
Phn xng cng nghip giy vi qu trnh sn xut kh;
X nghip ch bin s b si bng, gai ay v nhng cht si khc;
Nhng b phn sng, sy ht ca cc nh my xay v kho cha ht;
Phn xng ti sinh du m, chng ct nha ng, nhng kho cha vt liu chy v du m;
Nhng thit b phn phi in c my ngt in v thit b in vi lng du m ln hn 60 kg
cho mt n v thit b;
Cu vt, hnh lang dng vn chuyn than , than bn;
Kho kn cha than, nhng kho hng hn hp, nhng trm bm cht lng c nhit bng chy
ca hi trn 61oC.
d) Hng D
Phn xng c v luyn kim, Phn xng rn, hn;
Trm sa cha u my xe la;
Phn xng cn nng kim loi, gia cng kim loi bng nhit;
Nhng gian nh t ng c t trong;
Phng th nghim in cao th;
Nh chnh ca nh my in (gian l, gian tuc bin, );
Trm ni hi.
e) Hng E
Phn xng c kh gia cng ngui kim loi (tr hp kim Magi);
Sn cha liu (qung);
Xng sn xut xt (tr b phn l);
Trm qut gi, trm my p khng kh v cc cht kh khng chy;
Phn xng ti sinh axt;
Trm sa cha xe in v u my xe in;
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QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Phn xng dp, khun v cn ngui cc khong cht qung Aming, mui v cc nguyn liu
khng chy khc;
Phn xng thuc cng nghip dt v giy c qu trnh sn xut t;
Phn xng ch bin thc phm, c, tht, sa;
Trm iu khin in;
Cng trnh lm sch nc (lng, lc, ty, );
Trm bm v ht nc ca nh my in;
B phn cha Axit Cacbonic v Clo, cc thp lm lnh, nhng trm bm cht lng khng chy.
47
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Ph lc D
Cc quy nh bo v chng khi cho nh v cng trnh
D.1.
Vic bo v chng khi cho nh v cng trnh m bo an ton cho ngi thot khi ngi nh
khi xy ra chy. H thng chng khi phi c lp cho tng khoang chy. Vic bo v chng
khi cho nh v cng trnh bao gm ht x khi (bao gm c cc sn phm chy) v cp khng
kh vo.
D.2.
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Cho php ht khi t cc gian phng sn xut hng C c din tch nh hn hoc bng 200 m2
qua cc hnh lang bn cnh.
D.3.
CH THCH: Khng cn c thot khi ring cho cc gian phng khc c din tch nh hn hoc bng 50 m2, khi chng nm
trong cn phng chnh, m lp t h thng thot khi.
D.4.
Lu lng ht khi phi c xc nh bng tnh ton trong nhng trng hp sau:
a) T cc hnh lang nu trong D.2 a), b), c), d), e) cho mi on chiu di khng ln hn 45 m;
b) T cc gian phng nu trong D.2 f), g), h), i) cho mi vng khi c din tch khng ln hn
3.000 m2.
CH THCH: Vic tnh ton lu lng ht khi phi theo cc tiu chun k thut hin hnh, c xt n ti trng chy, nhit
, cc sn phm chy c to ra, cc thng s ca khng kh bn ngoi, c trng hnh hc v v tr ca cc
l m;
D.5.
Thit k h thng ht khi bo v cc hnh lang phi ring bit vi h thng ht khi bo v
cc phng.
D.6.
Ca thu khi ca cc ging ht khi ht khi t cc hnh lang phi t di trn ca hnh
lang v phi thp hn d ca. Cho php t cc ca thu khi trn cc ng nhnh dn vo ging
ht khi. Chiu di hnh lang cn lp mt ca thu khi khng c ln hn 45 m.
D.7.
Khi ht khi trc tip t cc gian phng c din tch ln hn 3.000 m2 th phi chia thnh cc
vng khi c din tch khng ln hn 3.000 m2 v phi tnh n kh nng xy ra chy mt
trong cc vng . Mi ca thu khi ch c tnh phc v cho mt din tch khng qu 1.000
m2.
D.8.
Vic thot khi trc tip cho cc gian phng ca nh 1 tng phi bao gm c thot khi t nhin
qua cc ng c van, ca np hoc cc ly sng khng bt kn.
T cc vng gn ca s, vi chiu rng ti 15 m, cho php thot khi qua cc l ca nh ca ca
s (ca chp) m cnh di ca l ca cao khng nh hn 2,2 m tnh t mt nn.
Trong cc nh nhiu tng phi c h thng thot khi cng bc dng c kh.
D.9.
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QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Cho php x khi t cc ng ht khi t tng hm v tng na hm qua cc khoang c thng
gi. Trong trng hp ny, ming x khi phi c t cch nn ca khoang thng gi t nht l
6 m (cch kt cu ca mt ngi nh t nht l 3 m theo chiu ng v 1 m theo chiu ngang) hoc
i vi thit b x dng t phi cch mt sn t nht l 3 m. Khng lp cc van khi trn nhng
ng ny.
D.10. Vic bo v chng khi phi cung cp khng kh t bn ngoi vo cc khu vc sau:
a) Trong ging thang my (khi khng th h tr cp kh cc khoang m trong iu kin c chy)
nhng nh c bung thang khng nhim khi;
b) Trong ging thang my ch chuyn ch lc lng cha chy;
c) Trong cc cu thang b khng nhim khi loi N2;
d) Trong cc khoang m ca cu thang b khng nhim khi loi N3;
e) Trong cc khoang m trc thang my (bao gm c thang my) trong cc tng hm v tng
na hm;
f) Cc khoang m cu thang b loi 2, dn n cc gian phng ca tng 1 ca tng hm hoc
tng na hm, trong cc phng c s dng hoc ct gi cc vt cht v vt liu chy. Trong cc
khoang m cc gian xng luyn, c, cn v cc gian gia cng nhit khc cho php cp
khng kh vo t cc gian thng kh ca nh;
g) Trong cc khoang m li vo snh kn v hnh lang t cc tng hm v tng na hm ca
snh kn v hnh lang theo D.2 f).
D.11. Lu lng cp khng kh dng bo v chng khi cn c tnh ton m bo p sut
khng kh khng thp hn 20 Pa cc v tr sau:
a) Phn di ca ging thang my khi cc ca vo ging thang my u ng kn tt c cc
tng (tr tng di);
b) Phn di ca mi khoang ca bung thang b khng nhim khi loi N2, khi cc ca trn
ng thot nn t cc hnh lang v snh trn tng c chy vo bung thang b v t ngi nh ra
bn ngoi m, khi cc ca t cc hnh lang v snh trn tt c cc tng cn li u ng kn;
c) Cc khoang m trn tng c chy trong cc nh c bung thang b khng nhim khi loi
N3, khi li vo hnh lang hoc snh ti cc tng hm, phng ch thang my v cc khoang m
trc thang my c mt ca m, cn tt c nhng tng khc ca u ng.
Lu lng cp khng kh vo khoang m trn mt ca m phi c tnh ton trong iu kin
gi thi qua ca c tc trung bnh (nhng khng thp hn 1,3 m/s), v phi tnh n hiu ng
t hp ca vic thi khi ra ngoi. Lu lng cp khng kh vo mt khoang m kn phi xt
n lng kh b tht thot ra ngoi t nhng l hng ca ca.
d ca p sut khng kh phi c so snh vi khng gian lin k vi gian phng c bo
v.
D.12. Khi tnh ton cc thng s ca h thng cp khng kh vo phi k n:
50
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
a) d ca p sut khng kh khng thp hn 20 Pa v khng ln hn 50 Pa - cc ging
thang my, cc cu thang b khng nhim khi loi N2, cc khoang m ca cu thang b
khng nhim khi loi N3 trong cc khng gian lin k (hnh lang, snh);
b) Cc ca hai cnh c din tch ln;
c) Cc bung thang my thng vi chiu ti ca thang b v khi cc ca thang my tng ang
xt m.
D.13. Cc ng ng v thit b ca h thng cp khng kh vo phi c lm t vt liu khng chy,
c gii hn chu la ph hp yu cu ca tiu chun lin quan hin hnh.
51
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Ph lc E
Yu cu v khong cch phng chy chng chy gia cc nh v cng trnh
E.1.
III
IV, V
I, II
10
III
10
IV, V
10
10
15
CH THCH: 1) Khong cch gia cc ngi nh v cng trnh l khong cch thng thy gia cc bc tng hoc cc kt
cu bn ngoi ca chng. Trong trng hp cc kt cu ca ngi nh hoc cng trnh lm bng nhng vt liu
chy li ra hn 1 m th phi ly khong cch gia cc kt cu ny.
2) Khong cch gia cc bc tng khng c l ca s cho php ly nh hn 20% ngoi tr cc ngi nh c
bc chu la IV v V.
3) i vi cc nh 2 tng c kt cu khung v tm vi bc chu la V, cng nh cc nh c lp bng vt
liu chy th khong cch PCCC cn phi tng thm 20%.
4) Khong cch gia cc ngi nh c bc chu la I v II c php nh hn 6 m, nu cc bc tng ca ngi
nh cao hn nm i din vi ngi nh khc l cc tng ngn chy.
5) Khng quy nh khong cch gia cc nh , cng nh gia cc nh v cc cng trnh phc v sinh hot
khc khi tng din tch t xy dng (gm c din tch t khng xy dng gia chng) khng vt qu din
tch tng cho php ln nht trong phm vi ca mt khoang chy (xem Ph lc H, nh nhm F.1, F.2).
E.2.
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QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng E 2 - Khong cch PCCC gia cc nh v cng trnh cng nghip
Bc chu la ca ngi nh
th nht
I, II
III
IV, V
12
12
15
IV v V
12
15
18
CH THCH: 1) Khong cch nh nht gia cc ngi nh v cng trnh l khong cch thng thy gia cc bc tng
hoc kt cu bn ngoi ca chng. Trong trng hp ngi nh hoc cng trnh c phn kt cu lm bng
nhng vt liu chy li ra hn 1 m th khong cch nh nht phi ly l khong cch gia cc kt cu ny.
2) Khng quy nh khong cch gia cc ngi nh sn xut v cng trnh cng nghip trong nhng trng
hp sau:
a) Nu tng din tch mt sn ca t 2 ngi nh tr ln c bc chu la III, IV khng vt qu din tch cho
php tng ln nht trong phm vi mt khoang chy (Ph lc H);
b) Nu nh tng ca ngi nh hay cng trnh cao hn hoc rng hn, quay v pha mt cng trnh khc l
bc tng ngn chy;
c) Nu cc ngi nh v cng trnh c bc chu la III khng ph thuc vo nguy him chy theo hng sn
xut ca chng c cc bc tng ng i din l tng c hoc tng c l c xy kn bng gch
block knh (hoc knh c ct) vi gii hn chu la khng nh hn 1 gi.
3) Khong cch cho i vi nhng ngi nh v cng trnh c bc chu la I, II, thuc hng sn xut A, B,
C, c gim t 9 m xung cn 6 m khi p ng mt trong nhng iu kin sau:
a) Ngi nh v cng trnh c trang b h thng cha chy t ng;
b) Ti trng ring lm bng cc cht chy trong cc ngi nh thuc hng sn xut C nh hn hoc bng
10 kg tnh trn 1 m2 din tch tng.
E.3.
GHI CH:
ng ranh gii khu t ca ngi nh c th l ng nm trng hoc song song vi mt cnh ca ngi nh
hoc hp vi mt cnh ca ngi nh mt gc nh hn 80o.
b) Cho php tng ngoi ca ngi nh cch ng ranh gii khu t ca nh trong phm vi t 0
mt n nh hn 1,0 m; vi cc iu kin sau:
+ Tng ngoi phi l tng ngn chy loi 1 (REI 150) i vi nh c bc chu la I v II;
v l tng ngn chy loi 2 (REI 60) i vi nh c bc chu la III v IV;
+ B mt ngoi ca tng ngoi khng c s dng cc vt liu c tnh nguy him chy cao
hn cc nhm Ch1 v LT1.
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c) Nu tng ngoi ca ngi nh cch ng ranh gii khu t ca nh mt khong ln hn 1,0
m th cho php b tr, cu to mt s phn din tch ca b mt tng ngoi c tnh chu la thp
hn yu cu i vi mt tng ngn chy v c gi l phn din tch khng c bo v
chng chy ca tng. Din tch cho php ln nht ca phn khng c bo v chng chy ca
tng ngoi c quy nh ph thuc vo khong cch ca tng ngoi n ng ranh gii
khu t ca nh, v c cho trong Bng E 3.
CH THCH: Phn khng c bo v chng chy ca tng ngoi thng l cc phn sau:
- Cc ca (ca i, ca s,...) khng p ng yu cu l cc ca ngn chy trong tng ngn chy;
- Cc phn tng c gii hn chu la thp hn gii hn chu la ca tng ngn chy tng ng;
- Cc phn tng m b mt ngoi c s dng cc vt liu c tnh nguy him chy bng v cao hn cc nhm
Ch2 v LT2.
Bng E 3 - Khong cch t tng ngoi ca nh (hoc khoang chy) n ng ranh gii khu t
xc nh theo din tch vng b mt khng c bo v chng chy ca tng
1,0
1,0
4,0
1,5
2,0
8,0
3,0
4,0
20,0
6,0
8,0
40,0
CH THCH: 1) Khi tnh ton xc nh din tch ln nht ca b mt khng c bo v chng chy ca tng ngoi,
c th b qua khng tnh cc vng sau:
- Vng c din tch nh hn 1 m2 v khong cch n bt k mt vng khng c bo v chng chy
khc phi khng nh hn 4 m;
- Vng khng c bo v chng chy c din tch nh hn 0,1 m2 v khong cch n bt k mt vng
khng c bo v chng chy khc phi khng nh hn 1,5 m;
- Vng tng ngoi ca mt cu thang b c bung thang v cc tng bn trong ca bung thang m
bo yu cu ngn chy tng ng vi bc chu la ca nh;
- Vng b mt ngoi ca tng ngoi c s dng vt liu vi tnh nguy him chy bng v cao hn cc
nhm Ch2 v LT2 th din tch khng c bo v chng chy c ly bng 1/2 din tch ca vng .
2) Cc gi tr trung gian c th xc nh bng cch ni suy.
54
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Ph lc F
Gii hn chu la danh nh ca mt s cu kin kt cu
F.1.
Cu kin tng
Bng F 1 - Tng xy hoc tng b tng
TT
Kt cu v vt liu
REI
REI
REI
REI
REI
EI
EI
EI
EI
EI
EI
240
180
120
90
60
30
240
180
120
90
60
30
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
a) Khng trt
180
100
100
75
75
b) Trt Ximng ct
dy 12,5 mm
180
100
100
75
75
180
100
100
75
75
125
75
75
63
63
a) Trt Ximng ct
dy 13 mm
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
(1)
(2)
B tng ct thp, c
chiu dy lp b
tng bo v nh nht
ca ct thp chu lc
chnh l 25 mm
B tng ct liu Cp
2(c), khng mn
Tng gch t st
nung, b tng hoc
vi - ct
a) Khng trt
200
200
100
100
100
100
170
170
100
100
75
75
b) Trt Ximng ct
dy 13 mm
200
200
100
100
100
100
170
170
100
100
75
75
200
200
100
100
100
100
170
170
100
100
75
75
55
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 1 (tip theo)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
75
75
a) Khng trt
150
100
100
100
100
150
75
75
75
50
b) Trt Ximng ct
dy 12,5 mm
150
100
100
100
100
100
75
75
75
50
150
100
100
100
100
100
75
75
75
50
100
100
100
100
100
75
75
62
50
50
a) Khng trt
100
100
100
100
150
100
100
75
50
b) Trt Ximng ct
dy 12,5 mm
100
100
100
100
150
100
100
75
50
100
100
100
100
150
100
100
75
50
100
100
100
100
100
100
75
75
75
50
Tng Block b
tng xp chng p
c khi lng th
tch t 475 kG/m3
n 1.200 kG/m3
180
140
100
100
100
100
100
62
62
50
50
Tng b tng l, c
1 li rng nm trong
chiu dy tng, ct
liu Cp 1(b)
a) Khng trt
100
100
100
100
150
100
100
75
75
b) Trt Ximng ct
dy 12,5 mm
100
100
100
100
150
100
75
75
75
100
100
100
100
150
100
75
75
75
56
Tng Block b
tng ct liu Cp
1(b)
Tng Block b
tng ct liu Cp
2(c)
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 1 (tip theo)
(1)
10
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
100
100
100
100
100
75
75
75
62
a) Khng trt
150
150
125
125
125
b) Trt Ximng ct
dy 12,5 mm
150
150
125
125
100
150
150
125
125
100
125
100
100
100
75
a) Trt Ximng ct
dy 12,5 mm
100
75
100
75
200
100
100
100
62
a) Xy bng gch
hoc block t st
nung, hn hp, b
tng hoc vi - ct
100
100
100
100
100
100
75
75
75
75
75
b) Xy bng gch
hoc vin b tng
c hoc l, ct liu
Cp 1(b)
100
100
100
100
100
100
75
75
75
75
75
Tng b tng l, c
1 li rng nm trong
chiu dy tng, ct
liu Cp 2(c)
Tng gch l t
st nung vi t l
phn c ln hn
50%
Tng rng c lp
tng ngoi xy
bng gch nung hoc
block t st vi
chiu dy khng nh
hn 100 mm v lp
tng trong nh sau:
57
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 1 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
11
Tng rng vi lp
tng ngoi xy
bng block t st
nung c l nh mc
9 trn v lp tng
trong xy bng vin
b tng xp hp hi
c khi lng th
tch t 480 kG/m3
n 1.200 kG/m3
150
140
100
100
100
100
75
75
75
75
75
75
Kt cu v vt liu
Gii hn chu la
(1)
(2)
(3)
EI 120
62 mm
EI 180
75 mm
EI 240
EI 240
EI 60
Khung xng thp hoc g vi vt liu hon thin trn hai mt bng
a) Va thch cao hoc ximng ct trn Lati thp vi chiu dy bng
19 mm
EI 60
12,5 mm
EI 30
b) Va thch cao Vermiculite hoc thch cao Perlite trn Lati thp vi chiu
dy bng
25 mm
EI 120
19 mm
EI 90
12,5 mm
EI 60
58
EI 30
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 2 (tip theo)
(1)
(2)
(3)
EI 120
16 mm
EI 90
10 mm
EI 60
5 mm
EI 30
EI 30
EI 60
EI 120
16 mm
EI 90
10 mm
EI 60
EI 60
EI 120
10 mm
EI 90
EI 30
EI 60
EI 60
Khng trt
EI 30
EI 30
EI 120
EI 30
EI 60
EI 120
EI 60
EI 90
59
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 2 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
10
EI 120
11
12
75 mm
EI 120
50 mm
EI 60
EI 30
Kt cu v vt liu
Gii hn chu la
(1)
(2)
(3)
EI 240
EI 30
EI 30
EI 30
e) Tm p v tru dy 50 mm
EI 30
EI 120
EI 60
EI 60
EI 60
d) Tm p v tru dy 50 mm
EI 60
60
50 mm
EI 180
62 mm
EI 240
75 mm
EI 240
100 mm
EI 240
EI 240
75 mm
EI 180
75 mm
EI 180
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 3 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
EI 30
EI 30
EI 30
d) Tm p v tru dy 50 mm
EI 30
EI 180
62 mm
EI 240
75 mm
EI 240
100 mm
EI 240
CH THCH: (a) Phi coi s c mt ca b phn ngn chn cc dng hi c th chy c trong phn b dy ca nhng kt
cu ny khng c ng gp g cho kh nng chu la ca chng
F.2.
Dm b tng ct thp
Bng F 4 - Dm b tng ct thp
TT
c im
R 180
R 120
R 90
R 60
R 30
65(a)
55(a)
45(a)
35
25
15
280
240
180
140
110
80
50(a)
40
30
20
15
15
250
210
170
110
85
70
25
15
15
15
15
15
170
145
125
85
60
60
50
45
35
30
20
15
250
200
160
130
100
80
B tng ct liu nh
61
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 4 (kt thc)
CH THCH: (a) C th phi b sung ct thp ph gi lp b tng bo v.
(b) Vermiculite/thch cao phi c t l trn theo th tch nm trong khong 11/2 n 2:1
F.3.
TT
(1)
c im
R 240
R 180
R 120
R 90
R 60
R 30
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
100(a)
85(a)
65(a)
50(a)
40
25
280
240
180
140
110
80
75(a)
60
45
35
25
15
210
170
125
100
70
70
65
50
35
25
15
15
180
140
100
70
60
60
90(a)
75
50
40
30
15
250
210
170
110
85
70
75(a)
60
45
30
25
15
170
145
125
85
60
60
50
45
30
25
15
15
(2)
62
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 5 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
140
125
85
70
60
60
80
65
50
40
30
20
250
200
160
130
100
80
B tng ct liu nh
F.4.
Ct b tng ct thp
Bng F 6 - Ct b tng ct thp (c 4 mt u tip xc vi la)
TT
c im
R 240
R 180
R 120
R 90
R 60
R 30
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
450
400
300
250
200
150
300
275
225
150
150
150
275
225
200
150
120
120
300
275
225
200
190
150
B tng ct liu nh
300
275
225
200
190
150
(1)
(2)
CH THCH: (a) Vermiculite/thch cao phi c t l trn theo th tch nm trong khong 11/2 n 2:1
c im
R 180
R 120
R 90
R 60
R 30
180
150
100
100
75
75
125
100
75
75
65
65
CH DN:
(a) Vermiculite / thch cao phi c t l trn theo th tch nm trong khong 11/2 n 2:1
63
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
F.5.
Thp kt cu
Bng F 8 - Ct chng bng thp c bc bo v
(khi lng ct trn 1 m di khng nh hn 45 kg)
TT
Kt cu v vt liu bc bo v
R
180
R
120
R 90
R 60
R 30
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
50
25
25
25
25
75
50
50
50
50
100
75
50
50
50
50
75
60
50
50
50
50
Lp bo v dng rng(c)
115
50
50
50
50
75
50
50
50
50
38(d)
25
19
12,5
50(d)
19
16
12,5
12,5
44
19
12,5
12,5
12,5
12,5
12,5
12,5
10
16
15
10
10
(1)
(2)
64
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 8 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
38(d)
20
13
10
10
63
25
25
25
25
CH THCH: (a) Lp bo v dng c c ngha l mt v bn ngoi c gn cht vo thp, khng to ra khe h gia b
mt tip xc v tt c cc mch ghp ni trong phn v u kn v c.
(b) Ct thp gia cng phi l cc si thp buc c chiu dy khng nh hn 2,3 mm, hoc l mt li thp
c khi lng n v khng nh hn 0,48 kg/m2. Khong cch gia cc b phn ct thp gia cng, trong lp
bo v bng b tng, theo bt k chiu no khng c ln hn 150 mm.
(c) Lp bo v dng rng c ngha l c mt khong trng gia vt liu bo v v thp. Tt c cc dng bo
v rng cho ct phi c chn bt mt cch c hiu qu ti mi cao trnh sn.
(d) Cn c li thp mnh gia cng t cch b mt t 12,5 mm n 19 mm tr trng hp c s dng cc
np gc (corner bead) c bit
Kt cu v vt liu bo v
R
240
R
180
R
120
R 90
R 60
R 30
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
75
50
25
25
25
25
75
75
50
50
50
50
38
32
19
12,5
38
25
19
12,5
22
19
16
12,5
32
12,5
12,5
12,5
12,5
12,5
12,5
12,5
10
(1)
(2)
Lp bo v dng rng(c)
Lati thp
65
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 9 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
12,5
16
15
10
10
32
10
10
20
13
10
10
63
25
25
25
25
50
38
38
38
CH THCH: (a) Lp bo v dng c c ngha l mt v bn ngoi c gn cht vo thp, khng to ra khe h gia b
mt tip xc v tt c cc mch ghp ni trong phn v u kn v c.
(b) Ct thp gia cng phi l cc si thp buc c chiu dy khng nh hn 2,3 mm, hoc l mt li thp
c khi lng n v khng nh hn 0,48 kg/m2. Khong cch gia cc b phn ct thp gia cng, trong lp
bo v bng b tng, theo bt k chiu no khng c ln hn 150 mm.
(c) Lp bo v dng rng c ngha l c mt khong trng gia vt liu bo v v thp. Tt c cc dng bo
v rng cho ct phi c chn bt mt cch c hiu qu ti mi cao trnh sn.
F.6.
Nhm kt cu
Bng F 10 - Ct chng v dm bng hp kim nhm c bc bo v
(khi lng cu kin trn 1 m di khng nh hn 16 kg)
TT
Kt cu v vt liu bo v
R 240
R 180
R 120
R 90
R 60
R 30
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
Lp bo v dng c(a)
44
19
Lp bo v dng rng(b)
32
22
16
12,5
19
12,5
(1)
66
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 10 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
22
16
10
10
CH THCH: (a) Lp bo v dng c c ngha l mt v bn ngoi c gn cht vo thp, khng to ra khe h gia b
mt tip xc v tt c cc mch ghp ni trong phn v u kn v c.
(b) Lp bo v dng rng c ngha l c mt khong trng gia vt liu bo v v thp. Tt c cc dng bo
v rng cho ct phi c chn bt mt cch c hiu qu ti mi cao trnh sn.
F.7.
Kt cu sn
Bng F 11 - Sn g
TT
Kt cu v vt liu
REI 30
(3)
(4)
(1)
(2)
16,0
12,5
16,0
12,5
12,5
12,5
12,5
25,0
5,0
12,5
10
5,0
67
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 11 (tip theo)
(1)
(2)
(4)
16,0
9,5
22,0
16,0
12,5
12,5
9,5
12,5
12,5
5,0
22,0
5,0
5,0
10,0
16,0
16,0
9,5
12,5
12,5
68
(3)
5,0
19,0
12,5
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 11 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
12,5
5,0
10,0
Kt cu sn
REI
REI
REI
REI
REI
REI
240
180
120
90
60
30
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
25
25
20
20
15
15
150
150
125
125
100
100
25
25
20
20
15
15
50
40
40
30
25
20
190
175
160
140
110
100
25
25
20
20
15
15
50
40
40
30
25
20
230
205
180
155
130
105
25
25
20
20
15
15
125
100
90
80
70
50
190
175
160
140
110
100
(1)
Bn sn c
a
69
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
65(b)
55(b)
45(b)
35
25
15
65
55
45
35
25
15
150
140
115
90
75
60
d) Chiu dy ca cnh
150
150
125
125
100
90
65(b)
55(b)
45(b)
35
25
15
40
30
25
20
15
10
75
70
60
45
40
30
150
150
125
125
100
90
65(b)
55(b)
45(b)
35
25
15
40
30
25
20
15
10
70
60
50
40
35
25
150
150
100
100
75
65
Sn tng cng ch T
CH THCH: (a) C th cng thm chiu dy ca cc lp lng hoc lp hon thin bng vt liu khng chy
(b) C th phi b sung ct thp ph gi lp b tng bo v
Kt cu sn
REI
240
REI
180
REI
120
REI
90
REI
60
REI
30
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
65(a)
50(a)
40
30
25
15
150
150
125
125
100
100
(1)
70
Bn sn c
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 13 (tip theo)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
65(a)
50(a)
40
30
25
15
50
40
40
30
25
20
190
175
160
140
110
100
65(a)
50(a)
40
30
25
15
65
50
40
30
25
15
230
205
180
155
130
105
65(a)
50(a)
40
30
25
15
125
100
90
80
70
50
190
175
160
140
110
100
100(a)
85(a)
65(a)
50(a)
40
25
100
85
65
50
40
25
250
200
150
110
90
60
d) Chiu dy ca cnh
150
150
125
125
100
90
100(a)
85(a)
65(a)
50(a)
40
25
50
45
35
25
20
15
125
100
75
55
45
30
150
150
125
125
100
90
71
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 13 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
100(a)
85(a)
65(a)
50(a)
40
25
50
45
35
25
20
15
110
90
70
50
40
30
150
150
125
125
100
90
CH THCH: (a) C th cng thm chiu dy ca cc lp lng hoc lp hon thin bng vt liu khng chy
(b) C th phi b sung ct thp ph gi lp b tng bo v
F.8.
B phn lp knh
Bng F 14 - B phn lp knh
TT
Kt cu v vt liu
72
6,35
6,35
6,35
6,35
98,43
E 30
E 60
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng F 14 (kt thc)
CH THCH: Trong bng trn, mt s v tr thuc ct gii hn chu la khng c gi tr c ngha l b phn knh theo miu
t khng c php s dng cho trng hp .
Knh ph hp vi mc 1 v 2 trn y khi lp t trong ca i, ca s, ly sng, ca mi v ca tri c
c nh trong khung g (chn c nh) c b rng v chiu dy nh nht l 44,45 mm khng b gim yu.
Vic c nh c thc hin bi np gc bng g hoc kim loi hoc bi t hp tm knh v chi tit gi gc
hoc kp vi din tch khng qu 0,372 m2.
73
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Ph lc G
Quy nh v khong cch n cc li ra thot nn v chiu rng ca li ra thot nn
G.1.
Khong cch gii hn cho php t ch xa nht (c ngi sinh hot, lm vic) ti li ra thot
nn gn nht
G.1.1. i vi nh
Khong cch gii hn cho php t ca ra vo ca cn h (nh nhm F 1.3) hay ca phng (nh
nhm F 1.2) n li ra thot nn gn nht (bung thang b hoc li ra bn ngoi) phi ph hp
vi Bng G 1.
Bng G 1 - Khong cch gii hn cho php t ca ra vo ca cn h hay ca phng
n li ra thot nn gn nht
Bc chu la ca
nh
Khi ca b tr hnh
lang ct
I, II
S0
40
25
II
S1
30
20
III
S0
30
20
S1
25
15
S0
25
15
S1, S2
20
10
Khng quy nh
20
10
IV
Bc chu la ca
nh
(1)
n 2
T ln hn 2
n 3
T ln hn 3
n 4
T ln hn 4
n 5
Ln hn 5
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
74
I, II, III
60
50
40
35
20
IV
40
35
30
25
15
30
25
20
15
10
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng G 2a (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
30
25
20
15
10
IV
20
15
15
10
15
10
10
CH THCH 1) Mt dng ngi thot nn c xc nh bng t s gia tng s ngi phi thot nn theo ng thot
nn v din tch ca ng thot nn .
2) Phi p dng nhng gi tr khong cch cho trong Bng G 2a nh sau: i vi trng mm non ly theo
ct (6); i vi cc trng hc, trng k thut dy ngh v cc trng cao ng, chuyn nghip v i hc
ly theo ct (3); i vi cc c s iu tr ni tr ly theo ct (5); i vi khch sn ly theo (4). i vi
cc nh cng cng khc, mt dng ngi thot nn trong hnh lang c ly c th cho tng d n.
b) Khong cch gii hn cho php t mt im bt k ca cc gian phng c khi tch khc nhau
khng c gh ngi cho khn gi n li ra thot nn gn nht phi ph hp vi Bng G 2b. Khi
c s kt hp cc li thot nn chnh vo mt li chung th chiu rng ca li chung khng c
nh hn tng chiu rng ca cc li thnh phn
Bng G 2b - Khong cch gii hn cho php t mt im bt k ca gian phng cng cng
khng c gh ngi cho khn gi ti li ra thot nn gn nht
Loi s dng ca gian phng
Bc chu
la ca nh
T ln hn
5 n 10
Ln hn hoc
bng 10
I, II
30
45
55
III, IV
20
30
15
I, II
65
III, IV
45
30
I, II
50
65
80
III, IV
35
45
25
I, II
25
30
35
III, IV
15
20
10
G.1.3. i vi nh sn xut
a) Khong cch gii hn cho php t ch lm vic xa nht trong gian phng n li ra thot nn
gn nht (li ra trc tip bn ngoi hoc bung thang b) phi ph hp vi Bng G 3. i vi
75
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
cc gian phng c din tch ln hn 1.000 m2 th khong cch cho trong Bng G 3 bao gm c
chiu di ca ng i theo hnh lang n li ra;
b) Khong cch gii hn cho php trong Bng G3 vi cc tr s trung gian ca khi tch ca gian
phng c xc nh bng ni suy tuyn tnh;
c) Khong cch gii hn cho php trong Bng G3 c thit lp cho cc gian phng c chiu cao
n 6,0 m. Khi chiu cao gian phng ln hn 6,0 m, th khong cch ny c tng ln nh sau:
khi chiu cao gian phng n 12,0 m th tng thm 20%; n 18,0 m th tng thm 30%; n 24,0
m th tng thm 40%, nhng khng c ln hn 140,0 m i vi gian phng c hng A, B v
khng ln hn 240,0 m i vi gian phng c hng C.
Bng G 3 - Khong cch gii hn cho php t ch lm vic xa nht n li ra thot nn gn nht
ca nh sn xut
Bc chu la
ca nh
Khi tch
ca gian
phng
(1.000 m3)
Hng ca
gian
phng
(1)
(2)
(3)
n 15
A, B
C 1, C 2,
C3
30
40
50
Bng v
ln hn 60
Bng v
ln hn 80
76
Cp nguy
him chy
kt cu ca
nh
T ln hn 1
n 3
T ln hn 3
n 5
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
I, II, III, IV
S0
40
25
15
I, II, III, IV
S0
100
60
40
III, IV
S1
70
40
30
S2, S3
50
30
20
A, B
I, II, III, IV
S0
60
35
25
C 1, C 2,
C3
I, II, III, IV
S0
145
85
60
III, IV
S1
100
60
40
A, B
I, II, III, IV
S0
80
50
35
C 1, C 2,
C3
I, II, III, IV
S0
160
95
65
III, IV
S1
110
65
45
A, B
I, II, III, IV
S0
120
70
50
C 1, C 2,
C3
I, II, III, IV
S0
180
105
75
III, IV
S1
160
95
65
A, B
I, II, III, IV
S0
140
85
60
C 1, C 2,
C3
I, II, III, IV
S0
200
110
85
III, IV
S1
180
105
75
C 1, C 2,
C3
I, II, III, IV
S0
240
140
100
III, IV
S1
200
110
85
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng G 3 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Khng
ph thuc
vo khi
tch
C 4, D
I, II, III, IV
S0
Khng hn ch
Khng hn ch
Khng hn ch
III, IV
S1
160
95
65
Khng quy
nh
120
70
50
Khng
ph thuc
vo khi
tch
I, II, III, IV
S0, S1
Khng hn ch
Khng hn ch
Khng hn ch
IV, V
S2, S3
160
95
65
CH THCH: Mt dng ngi thot nn c xc nh bng t s gia tng s ngi phi thot nn theo ng thot
nn v din tch ca ng thot nn
d) Khong cch gii hn cho php t ca ra vo ca gian phng xa nht c din tch khng ln
hn 1.000 m2 ca nh sn xut n li ra thot nn gn nht (ra ngoi hoc vo bung thang b)
phi ph hp vi Bng G 4.
Bng G 4 - Khong cch gii hn cho php t ca ra vo ca gian phng sn xut c din tch n
1.000 m2 ti li ra thot nn gn nht
V tr
ca ra
ca
gian
phng
Hng
ca gian
phng
gia
hai li
ra
thot
nn
A, B
I, II, III, IV
C 1, C 2,
C3
i vo
hnh
lang
ct
G.2.
Bc chu la
ca nh
Cp
nguy
him
chy kt
cu ca
nh
T ln hn
2 n 3
T ln hn
3 n 4
T ln hn
4 n 5
S0
60
50
40
35
I, II, III, IV
S0
120
95
80
65
III, IV
S1
85
65
55
45
Khng quy
nh
S2, S3
60
50
40
35
C 4, D, E
I, II, III, IV
S0
180
140
120
100
C 4, D, E
III, IV
S1
125
100
85
70
Khng quy
nh
S2, S3
90
70
60
50
I, II, III, IV
S0
30
25
20
15
III, IV
S1
20
15
15
10
Khng quy
nh
S2, S3
15
10
10
Khng
ph
thuc
vo hng
77
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
a) Chiu rng ca mt li ra thot nn, t hnh lang vo bung thang b, cng nh chiu rng
bn thang phi c xc nh theo s lng ngi cn thot nn qua li ra thot nn v nh
mc ngi thot nn tnh cho 1 mt chiu rng li ra (ca ra). Ty theo bc chu la ca nh
(khng bao gm cc nh rp chiu phim, cu lc b, nh ht v cc cng trnh th thao) nh mc
ny c ly khng vt qu cc gi tr sau:
Nh c bc chu la I, II khng c ln hn 165 ngi/m;
Nh c bc chu la III, IV khng c ln hn 115 ngi/m;
Nh c bc chu la V khng c ln hn 80 ngi/m.
b) tnh ton chiu rng li thot nn ca cc nh thuc trng hc ph thng, trng hc ni
tr v cc khu ni tr ca trng, cn xc nh s lng ngi ln nht ng thi c mt trn
mt tng t s lng ngi ln nht ca cc phng hc, ca cc phng dy ngh v ca cc
phng ng cng nh cc gian th thao, hi ngh, ging ng nm trn tng (Xem mc G.3,
Bng G 9).
c) Chiu rng ca cc ca ra t cc phng hc vi s lng hc sinh ln hn 15 ngi, khng
c nh hn 0,9 m.
d) Chiu rng ca mt li ra thot nn t cc gian phng khng c gh ngi cho khn gi phi
xc nh theo s lng ngi cn thot nn qua li ra theo Bng G 5 sau, nhng khng c
nh hn 1,2 m cc gian phng c sc cha hn 50 ngi.
Bng G 5 - S lng ngi ti a trn 1 mt chiu rng ca li ra thot nn ca cc gian phng
khng c gh ngi cho khn gi ca nh cng cng
Loi s dng ca gian phng
Bc chu la
ca nh
n 5
T ln hn 5
n 10
Ln hn hoc
bng 10
I, II
165
220
275
III, IV
115
155
80
I, II
75
100
125
III, IV
50
70
40
e) Chiu rng ca cc li i thot nn chnh trong mt gian phng thng mi phi ly nh sau:
Khng nh hn 1,4 m khi din tch thng mi khng ln hn 100 m2;
Khng nh hn 1,6 m khi din tch thng mi ln hn 100 m2 v khng ln hn 150 m2;
Khng nh hn 2,0 m khi din tch thng mi ln hn 150 m2 v khng ln hn 400 m2;
Khng nh hn 2,5 m khi din tch thng mi ln hn 400 m2.
78
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
f) S lng ngi trn 1 m chiu rng ng thot nn t cc khn i ca cc cng trnh th
thao v biu din ngoi tri phi ph hp vi Bng G 6.
Bng G 6 - S lng ngi ti a trn 1 mt chiu rng ca ng thot nn t khn i
ca cc cng trnh th thao, biu din ngoi tri
Bc chu la ca
cng trnh
i qua ca ra t cc li i chnh ca
khn i
i xung
i ln
i xung
i ln
I, II
600
825
620
1.230
III, IV
420
580
435
860
300
415
310
615
CH THCH: S lng tng cng ngi thot nn i qua mt ca ra thot nn khng c vt qu 1.500 ngi, khi khn
i c bc chu la I, II. Khi khn i c bc chu la l bc III, th tng s ngi i qua phi gim xung
30% v bc IV, bc V th phi gim xung 50%.
G.2.2. i vi nh sn xut
a) Chiu rng ca mt li ra thot nn t mt gian phng phi xc nh theo s lng ngi cn
thot nn qua li ra v theo s lng ngi trn 1 m chiu rng ca li ra thot nn ph hp
vi Bng G 7 sau, nhng khng nh hn 0,9 m.
S lng ngi trn 1 m chiu rng ca mt li ra thot nn i vi cc tr s trung gian ca khi
tch ca nh c xc nh bng ni suy.
S lng ngi trn 1 m chiu rng ca mt li ra thot nn t cc gian phng c chiu cao ln
hn 6 m c tng ln nh sau: tng ln 20% khi chiu cao nh l 12 m; tng ln 30% khi chiu
cao nh l 18 m v ln 40% khi chiu cao nh l 24 m. Khi chiu cao nh l cc tr s trung gian
th s lng ngi trn 1 m chiu rng ca mt li ra thot nn c xc nh ni suy.
Bng G 7 - S lng ngi ti a trn 1 mt chiu rng ca li ra thot nn t mt gian phng
ca nh sn xut
Khi tch ca gian
phng
Hng ca
gian phng
Bc chu la
ca nh
(nghn m3)
Cp nguy
him chy kt
cu ca nh
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
n 15
A, B
I, II, III, IV
S0
45
C 1, C2, C 3
I, II, III, IV
S0
110
III, IV
S1
75
Khng quy
nh
S2, S3
55
A, B
I, II, III, IV
S0
65
C 1, C2, C 3
I, II, III, IV
S0
155
30
79
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng G 7 (kt thc)
(1)
40
50
Bng v ln hn 60
Bng v ln hn 80
Khng ph thuc vo
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
III, IV
S1
110
A, B
I, II, III, IV
S0
85
C 1 , C2, C 3
I, II, III, IV
S0
175
III, IV
S1
120
A, B
I, II, III, IV
S0
130
C 1, C2, C 3
I, II, III, IV
S0
195
III, IV
S1
135
A, B
I, II, III, IV
S0
150
C 1, C2, C 3
I, II, III, IV
S0
220
III, IV
S1
155
I, II, III, IV
S0
260
III, IV
S1
220
I, II, III, IV
S0
260
III, IV
S1
180
Khng quy
nh
S2, S3
130
C 1, C2, C 3
C 4, D
khi tch
Khng ph thuc vo
khi tch
Khng quy
nh
Bc chu la ca
nh
A, B
I, II, III, IV
S0
85
I, II, III, IV
S0
173
IV
S1
120
Khng quy nh
S2, S3
85
I, II, III, IV
S0
260
IV
S1
180
Khng quy nh
S2, S3
130
C 1, C2, C 3
C 4, D, E
80
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
G.3.
CH THCH: Din tch sn" y khng k din tch ca cu thang b, thang my, khu v sinh v cc phn ph tr khc.
H s khng gian
sn (m2/ngi)
(1)
(2)
(3)
Khu vc khn gi ng, quy bar khng c gh ngi v cc khu vc gii lao
tng t
0,3
0,5
0,7
1,0
1,35
Phng trin lm hoc trng quay (phim, thu pht sng, truyn hnh, ghi m)
1,5
Cc ca hng mua bn, dch v: bch ha, dch v ct, un tc, git l, sa cha
hoc tng t
2,0
Phng trng by ngh thut, khu trng by sn phm, bo tng hoc cc khu
tng t
5,0
Vn phng
6,0
10
7,0
11
Nh bp hoc th vin
7,0
12
8,0
13
10,0
14
30,0
15
Nh xe t
2 ngi/ xe
CH THCH: a) Nu khng s dng cc gi tr trong bng trn th c th xc nh h s khng gian sn theo s liu thc t
ly t cng trnh tng t. Trong trng hp ny, cc s liu cn phi phn nh mt sinh hot trung bnh
ti thi im cao nht trong nm.
b) Khi mt i tng khng thuc khng gian s dng c nu trn th c th la chn gi tr ph hp t
mt i tng tng t.
c) Nu mt khu vc nh c s dng cho nhiu mc ch khc nhau th cn p dng h s cho s lng
ngi ln nht. Nu ngi nh c nhiu khu vc s dng khc nhau th mi khu vc cn c tnh ton vi h
s khng gian tng ng cho khu vc .
81
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Ph lc H
Mt s quy nh v s tng gii hn (chiu cao cho php)
v din tch khoang chy ca nh
H.1.
Nh
H.1.1. Nh chung c
Chiu cao cho php ca nh v din tch cho php ln nht ca mt tng nh trong phm vi mt
khoang chy i vi nh chung c c quy nh theo Bng H 1.
Bng H 1 - Din tch khoang chy v chiu cao ln nht cho php ca nh chung c
Bc chu la ca
nh
S0
75
2.200
II
S0
50
2.200
S1
28
2.200
S0
25
1.800
S1
15
1.800
S0
1.000
1.400
800
1.200
500
900
500
800
III
IV
S1
S2
Khng quy nh
H.1.2. Nh k tc x
Chiu cao cho php ca nh v din tch cho php ca mt tng nh trong phm vi mt khoang
chy i vi nh k tc x c ly nh sau:
i vi nh k tc x c dng n nguyn ly theo Bng H 1 (nh nh chung c);
i vi nh k tc x c dng hnh lang ly theo Bng H 2.
Bng H 2 - Din tch khoang chy cho nh k tc x c dng hnh lang chung
Bc chu la ca
nh
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
S0
50
2.200
82
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng H 2 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
II
S0
28
2.200
S1
15
1.000
S0
15
1.000
S1
1200
Khng quy nh
400
III
IV, V
H.2.
H.2.1. S tng ln nht v din tch cho php ln nht ca mt tng nh trong phm vi mt khoang chy
ca mt s loi cng trnh cng cng c quy nh ti Bng H 3.
Bng H 3 - Din tch cho php ln nht ca mt tng trong phm vi mt khoang chy
ca mt s loi cng trnh cng cng
Bc chu la ca
nh
S tng ln nht
I, II
Ly theo Bng H 4
2.200
III
Ly theo Bng H 4
1.800
IV
1.400
1.000
1.000
800
CH THCH: 1) Trong cc nh c bc chu la I v II, khi c trang b h thng cha chy t ng th din tch khoang chy
cho trong Bng H 3 c php tng ln nhng khng qu 2 ln.
2) Cc tng (mt tng), vch v trn bng g ca nh c bc chu la V s dng lm nh tr, trng ph
thng, trng ni tr, c s khm bnh v iu tr ngoi tr, cc tri chm sc sc khe cho tr em v cc cu
lc b (ngoi tr cc nh cu lc b 1 tng c tng p ) phi c bo v chng chy.
3) Nu trong phm vi khoang chy ca nh 1 tng c mt phn nh 2 tng vi din tch chim khng qu 15%
din tch ca khoang chy th khoang chy vn c coi nh nh 1 tng.
4) Trong cc nh ga hnh khch v cc nh hay phng c cng nng tng t, nu khng th b tr c cc
tng ngn chy th cho php thay th tng ngn chy bng thit b to mn nc Drencher b tr thnh 2
di cch nhau 0,5 m v vi cng phun khng nh hn 1 lt/giy cho mi mt chiu di mn nc (tnh
chung cho c 2 di). Khong thi gian duy tr mn nc t nht l 1 gi.
5) Trong cc nh ga sn bay c bc chu la I, din tch sn gia cc tng ngn chy (khoang chy) c th
tng ln n 10.000 m2 khi khng c tng hm hoc nu c tng hm th trong tng hm (tng na hm)
khng c cc kho v cc dng bung khc c cha cc vt liu chy (ngoi tr bung gi v m o ca
nhn vin). Khi , li i li t cc phng dng c v sinh t trong tng hm v tng na hm ln tng 1 c
th i theo cc bung thang b h, nu i t cc bung gi phi i theo cc cu thang b ring nm trong
bung thang kn. Cc bung gi (ngoi tr nhng bung c trang b cc hc gi t ng) v bung gi m
o phi c ngn cch vi nhng phn khc ca tng hm bng cc vch ngn chy loi I v c trang b
h thng cha chy t ng, cn cc trm iu - ch huy phi c ngn cch bng cc vch ngn chy.
6) Trong cc nh ga sn bay, khng hn ch din tch sn gia cc tng ngn chy nu c trang b cc h
thng cha chy t ng.
83
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
7) Nhng phn ph ca nh chnh nh mi hin, sn thm, hnh lang ngoi, c php ly bc chu la
thp hn 1 bc so vi bc chu la ca nh chnh.
8) Trong cc gian thi u th thao, b bi trong nh (k c c gh ngi hoc khng c gh ngi) cng nh
trong cc gian phng hun luyn bi li, cc khu vc hun luyn bn sng trong nh (k c t di khn
i hoc xy trong cc ngi nh cng cng khc) th din tch khoang chy c th tng ln n 6.000 m2 i
vi nh 1 tng c bc chu la I, II; tng ln n 5.000 m2 i vi nh t 2 n 5 tng c bc chu la I v tng
ln n 4.000 m2 i vi nh t 2 n 5 tng c bc chu la II.
9) Trong cc nh nh thi u th thao c lp, c bc chu la I, II cho php b tr din tch khoang chy ln
ti 10.000 m2. Din tch ny c php tng thm nhng khng qu 2 ln khi c h thng cha chy t ng.
10) Trong cc gian tin snh v phng ch c din tch ln hn gi tr trong Bng H 3, cho php thay th
tng ngn chy bng vch ngn chy trong sut loi 2.
H.2.2. Nh tr, mu gio, bnh vin, nh h sinh, nh hc, rp chiu bng, nh ht, cu lc b, nh vn
ha, nh ca c s bn hng, nh ca c s dch v i sng l cc cng trnh c lp th s tng
ln nht ty thuc quy m cng trnh v bc chu la ca nh, c ly theo Bng H 4.
Bng H 4 - S tng ln nht cho php ca mt s dng nh v cng trnh cng cng c lp
Tn cng trnh v quy m
Bc chu la ca nh
(1)
(2)
(3)
a) n 50 chu
V, IV
1 tng
b) n 150 chu
III
2 tng
c) n 350 chu
II, I
2 tng, 3 tng(a)
a) n 50 ging
V, IV
1 tng
b) Trn 50 ging
III
2 tng
II, I
9 tng(b)
a) n 270 ch
1 tng
b) n 360 ch
IV
1 tng
c) n 720 ch
III
2 tng
II, I
4 tng
a) Di 300 ch
1 tng
b) n 400 ch
IV
2 tng
c) n 600 ch
III
2 tng
d) T 600 ch tr ln
II, I
Khng quy nh
1- Nh tr, Mu gio
3- Nh hc ca trng ph thng v ni tr
4- Rp chiu bng
84
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng H 4 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
II, I
Khng quy nh
a) Di 300 ch
1 tng
b) Di 400 ch
IV
2 tng
c) Di 600 ch
III
3 tng
d) T 600 ch tr ln
I, II
Khng quy nh
V, IV
1 tng
III
2 tng
II, I
5 tng
V, IV
1 tng
III
2 tng
II, I
6 tng
5- Nh ht
6- Cu lc b, Nh vn ha(c)
8- Nh ca cc c s dch v i sng
GHI CH:
(a) Trong nh tr, mu gio 3 tng th tng 3 ch c b tr cc chu lp ln; cc gian phng dnh cho
hc nhc v th dc; khng gian chi cho cc chu;
(b) Khu vc dnh cho tr em (k c tr di 3 tui c m i km) trong bnh vin phi c b tr t tng 5
tr xung. Khu vc dnh cho tr em di 7 tui phi b tr t tng 2 tr xung;
(c) Gian khn gi ca cu lc b, nh vn ha c bc chu la IV phi b tr tng 1; Gian khn gi ca cu
lc b, nh vn ha c bc chu la III ch c b tr t tng 2 tr xung.
H.3.
Tng cao nht cho php b tr gian ging ng, hi ngh, hi tho, phng hp, gian tp th
thao
Cc gian ging ng, phng hi ngh, hi tho, phng hp, gian tp th thao trong cc nh cng
cng, nh a nng ch c b tr tng cao nht nh quy nh ti Bng H 5.
Bng H 5 - Tng cao nht c php b tr gian ging ng, hi ngh, hi tho, phng hp,
gian tp th thao
Bc chu la ca nh
S ch ngi
(1)
(2)
(3)
I, II
n 300
14
Trn 600
85
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng H 5 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
III
n 300
n 300
IV, V
CH THCH: 1) Khi xc nh tng cao nht b tr cc gian phng c sn dc th cao ca tng c ly tng ng
cao ca hng gh ngi u tin.
2) Cc gian hi trng ca cc trng ph thng v bn tr vi bc chu la III phi c b tr khng qu
tng 2, sn ca cc gian phng ny phi l sn ngn chy loi 2.
H.4.
i vi nh sn xut v nh kho
H.4.1. i vi nh sn xut, din tch tng cho php ln nht trong phm vi mt khoang chy ph thuc
vo bc chu la, cp nguy him chy kt cu ca nh v chiu cao nh c cho trong Bng H 6.
Bng H 6 - Din tch khoang chy cho nh sn xut (nh nhm F 5.1)
Hng ca nh sn xut
(1)
S tng ti a
cho php (tng)
Bc chu
la ca
nh
Nh hai tng
Nh 3 tng
tr ln
(4)
(5)
(6)
(2)
(3)
A v B
A v B (trong trng hp
khng sn xut ha cht v
ch bin du kh)
II
(*)
5.200
3.500
A (c sn xut ha cht v
ch bin du kh)
II
(*)
5.200
3.500
B (c sn xut ha cht v
ch bin du kh)
II
(*)
10.400
7.800
Khng quy nh
I n II
III
5.200
IV
2.600
1.200
Khng quy nh
I n II
III
6.500
IV
3.500
1.500
86
(*)
(*)
3.500
2.600
(*)
2.500
3.500
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng H 6 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Khng quy nh
I v II
III
7.800
IV
3.500
2.600
(5)
(6)
(*)
6.500
3.500
CH THCH: (*) Khng quy nh c th v din tch khoang chy nhng cng trnh phi tun th y cc yu cu v
PCCC ca tiu chun thit k p dng cho cng trnh ;
1) Cc gian sn xut c cc thit b cha chy t ng din tch sn gia cc tng ngn chy cho php
tng ln so vi quy nh ti Bng H 6 nhng khng qu 2 ln;
2) Khi cc phng hoc gian sn xut c trang b cc thit b bo chy t ng, th din tch sn gia cc
tng ngn chy cho php tng 25 % so vi quy nh Bng H 6;
3) Din tch khoang chy tng 1 ca nh nhiu tng, khi sn trn tng 1 c gii hn chu la 150 pht,
c php ly nh din tch khoang chy ca nh 1 tng.
4) i vi cc nh sn xut ch bin g c bc chu la II, din tch khoang chy c php ly ti a l
10.400 m2 i vi nh 1 tng. i vi nh hai tng, din tch khoang chy ti a l 7.800 m2, cn i vi
nh nhiu tng hn th din tch khoang chy ti a l 5.200 m2;
5) Trong cc ngi nh sn xut mt tng c bc chu la I v II, cho php khng thit k tng ngn chy.
Quy nh ny khng p dng i vi nh c bc chu la II m trong sn xut ha cht, ch bin gia
cng du kh, hoc cc kho cha vt liu hay sn phm d chy; cc ngi nh sn xut gia cng ch bin
g;
H.4.2. i vi nh kho, bc chu la, cp nguy him chy kt cu, chiu cao nh kho v din tch tng
trong phm vi mt khoang chy ca nh ly theo quy nh Bng H 7.
Bng H 7 - Din tch khoang chy cho nh kho
Hng
ca nh
kho
Chiu cao nh
(m)
Bc chu
la ca
nh
Cp nguy him
chy kt cu ca
nh
Nh hai tng
Nh nhiu
tng
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
I, II
S0
5.200
III
S0
4.400
IV
S0
3.600
18
I, II
S0
7.800
5.200
3.500
III
S0
6.500
IV
S0
5.200
36
I, II
S0
10.400
7.800
5.200
24
III
S0
10.400
5.200
2.600
IV
S0, S1
7.800
IV
S2, S3
2.600
Khng quy nh
1.200
87
QCVN 06 : 2010/BXD
Bng H 7 (kt thc)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Khng hn ch
I, II
S0
Khng hn ch
10.400
7.800
36
III
S0, S1
Khng hn ch
7.800
5.200
12
IV
S0, S1
Khng hn ch
2.200
IV
S2, S3
5.200
Khng quy nh
2.200
1.200
CH THCH: Khi trong cc gian phng kho c bc chu la I, II, III c trang thit b cha chy t ng, th din tch quy
nh trong Bng H 7 c php tng ln nhng khng qu 2 ln.
88