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David Maler

B OOM E R A NG VIR T UA L A IR L INE S


a i r bo o m er a ng @no o s . f r

Contents
BEFORE WE START ____________________________________________________________________ 3
W arni ng ________________________________________________________________ 3
W ri ti ng St yl e ____________________________________________________________ 3
T ut ori al O bj ect iv es _______________________________________________________ 4
W hat you need ___________________________________________________________ 4
Ver si on s & Up dat e s_______________________________________________________ 4
Ref erenc e s _____________________________________________________________ 4
FLIGHT PREPARATION _________________________________________________________________ 5
ERJ Conf i gurat i on ________________________________________________________ 6
Pr e-F l i ght Bri ef i ng ________________________________________________________ 7
Our Flight Plan _____________________________________________________________________ 7
SID Procedures ___________________________________________________________________ 10
STAR Procedures _________________________________________________________________ 12
Passengers, Freight and Fuel ________________________________________________________ 14
ALL ABOARD!________________________________________________________________________ 15
F li ght Sim ul at or Star t up __________________________________________________ 15
I nsp ect i on and coc k pi t i nst al l at i on__________________________________________ 16
I nst rum ent Pr e sent at i on __________________________________________________ 19
F MS Pr ogram mi ng _______________________________________________________ 20
Speed setu p ____________________________________________________________ 28
Engi ne St art ____________________________________________________________ 29
T axi __________________________________________________________________ 32
T akeof f ________________________________________________________________ 35
Cl im b _________________________________________________________________ 38
Crui se _________________________________________________________________ 40
Using the FMS while cruising_________________________________________________________ 41
System check_____________________________________________________________________ 42
De scent _______________________________________________________________ 45
Appr oac h ______________________________________________________________ 50
Landi ng _______________________________________________________________ 52
Sy st em s shut d o wn _______________________________________________________ 54
Schedule 1: FMS advanced features ______________________________________________________ 55
A> Sav e a fli ght pl an ____________________________________________________ 55
B> Modif y a sav ed f li ght pl an ______________________________________________ 57
C> Addi ng waypoi nt s ____________________________________________________ 58
D> ST AR pr ocedur e cr e at i on ______________________________________________ 60
E> HO LD proc edure _____________________________________________________ 65
Glossary_____________________________________________________________________________ 67

BEFORE WE START
Warning
!
FOR FLIGHT SIMULATION ONLY
This tutorial cannot be used in the real life and is solely reserved to fly using
Microsoft Flight Simulator.

This tutorial is Freeware and can be freely distributed provided no changes are made to it. This tutorial was
originally written in French and was later translated into English. You may find some language errors so
please do not hesitate to tell me if things need to be corrected. For any questions contact the author:
airboomerang@noos.fr.
If you like my work, just let me know and drop me a few lines!

Writing Style

This symbol is used when action is required from your side eg close the doors.

This symbol is used when you have to monitor something - eg check the remaining fuel.

These numbers indicate a procedure that must be followed in the same order as stated.
You will see this sign when you are given a technical explanation about the plane.

Watch out for this sign, something important is going to be stated there.

The aural assistant Betty is now talking to you: her message will appear as follows: AURAL
UNIT OK.

PFD

Words and abbreviations that are blue, bold and underlined are explained at the end of this
tutorial in the glossary.

Paragraphs with yellow shading means that indications are given not directly related to the simulator, a
natural conversation between you and me for example.
You will generally find a screenshot illustrating a written instruction. The screenshots are always displayed
after the instructions unless for screenshots containing a sequence of procedure ( ) where the
screenshot comes first immediately followed by explanations.

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Tutorial Objectives
This tutorial is targeted to flightsim users who are already familiar with MS Flight Simulator 9 and know the
basic commands such as how to retract the flaps or arm the speed brakes.
It's been designed in a way that you will not need to refer to any external documentation to complete your
flight. Not all commands and switches are described in this tutorial though and you may find it useful to read
extra documentation quoted in the reference section just below.
The main aim of this tutorial is to take you to a pleasant flight crossing France and enjoying this great
airplane made by FeelThere. Please bear in mind that I am NOT a real pilot and therefore the procedures
that are explained here may not be always very realistic, it's all about a game after all isn't it? And games
mean pleasure and good times! Do not hesitate to pause the simulator from time to time especially the first
time you follow this tutorial. If you find any mistakes, plese report them to me: airboomerang@noos.fr
I hope you will enjoy this flight!

What you need


- the great ER145 by Feelthere - www.feelthere.com
- a recent navigation cycle (nd.exe) available on Feelthere forum - www.iemit.com/forum/
- this tutorial best colour printed
- If you want my white textures, download and install them from www.boomerang.new.fr
- you may also visit the French AIP site www.sia.aviation-civile.gouv.fr to get enroute and airports charts.

Versions & Updates


Please refer to www.boomerang.new.fr for the latest updates of this tutorial.

References
Feelthere official documentation

www.feelthere.com

Bill Grabowski panel documentation

http://fsim.com.br/project-erj/panel.html

Elgan Thomas ERJ145 tutorial

www.speedbirdonline.co.uk/regjet.html

Feelthere forums

www.iemit.com/forum/

Fuel Planner addon and Navdata latest cycle by A. Hermano

http://fliteprep.de/erj145/

Route Finder : flight plan calculation

http://rfinder.asalink.net/free

French AIP

www.sia.aviation-civile.gouv.fr

Brest scenery by Laurent Lequantho

http://laurent.lequantho.free.fr/LFRB/

Perpignan scenery by Moustache

http://perso.wanadoo.fr/moustache/

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FLIGHT PREPARATION
Flight Scenario
Your mission, should you accept it:
Fly part of Perpignan local rugby team and staff to Brest in western France crossing the whole country.
Your aircraft today:
A brand new Embraer Regional Jet (ERJ) model 145.
Your airline:
Air Boomerang, a young regional airline that operates chartered flights and regular destinations with regional
jets - Embraer, Fokker 100.
Your copilot :
David your devoted mate that will ensure all communications and radio operations during the flight.
The flight :
We will start our briefing at Perpignan airport, then move out to the aircraft to inspect it and will finally board
and start our flight.

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ERJ Configuration
Click on Start / Programs / Feelthere / ERJ configuration
Change the options as illustrated below these are my suggestions not compulsory according to your
preferences. However, all references to weights in this tutorial will be in Kilos so it may be best to switch on
this option.

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Pre-Flight Briefing
Our Flight Plan
RouteFinder

Route generator for PC flight simulation use - NOT FOR REAL WORLD NAVIGATION
(C)2005 ASA srl - Italy
Computed route from RIVESALTES (LFMP, LF) to GUIPAVAS (LFRB, LF):
16 fixes, 476.1 nautical miles

LFMP (0.0nm) -> MORIL (30.1nm) -UP84-> MONIX (55.7nm) -UP84-> TOU (88.6nm) -UN727-> AGN
(111.3nm) -UN863-> SECHE (147.7nm) -UN863-> VELIN (183.7nm) -UN863-> CNA (229.0nm) -UN863->
ADILU (264.6nm) -UN863-> MANAK (271.4nm) -UN863-> TIRAV (301.1nm) -UN863-> NTS (336.1nm) UM616-> TERPO (353.2nm) -UM616-> KORER (383.9nm) -UM616-> ARE (442.8nm) -STAR-> LFRB
(476.1nm)
Details:

ID

FREQ

LFMP

TRK

DIST

Coords

Name/Remarks

N4244'25.59" E00252'14.40"

RIVESALTES

MORIL

313

30

N4303'57.00" E00221'01.00"

MORIL

MONIX

312

26

N4320'11.00" E00153'49.00"

MONIX

TOU

117.7

312

33

N4340'51.00" E00118'35.30"

TOULOUSE

AGN

114.8

307

23

N4353'16.90" E00052'22.30"

AGEN

SECHE

339

36

N4426'19.00" E00030'55.00"

SECHE

VELIN

339

36

N4458'48.00" E00009'20.00"

VELIN

338

45

N4539'34.40" W00018'41.90"

COGNAC

ADILU

326

36

N4607'27.00" W00050'22.00"

ADILU

MANAK

325

N4612'48.00" W00056'31.00"

MANAK

TIRAV

325

30

N4635'56.00" W00123'27.00"

TIRAV

349

35

N4709'39.10" W00136'46.70"

NANTES

TERPO

316

17

N4720'56.00" W00155'44.00"

TERPO

KORER

316

31

N4741'06.00" W00230'03.00"

KORER

317

59

N4819'57.50" W00336'08.90"

MONTS D ARREE

288

33

N4826'52.48" W00425'06.74"

GUIPAVAS

CNA

NTS

ARE
LFRB

114.65

115.5

112.5

Tracks are magnetic, distances are in nautical miles.

LFMP MORIL UP84 TOU UN727 AGN UN863 NTS UM616 ARE STAR LFRB

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Here is our flight plan on a map:

1. From Perpignan to Cognac CNA

Source : Service de linformation aronautique : http://www.sia.aviation-civile.gouv.fr/

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2. From Cognac CNA to Monts d'Arre ARE in Brittany just before entering the city of Brest area.

Source : Service de linformation aronautique : http://www.sia.aviation-civile.gouv.fr/

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SID Procedures
We will take off runway 33 as usual in Perpignan.
We will then follow the north ORBIL SID then we will aim at heading 311 of PPG VOR to reach MORIL
intersection.

Source : Service de linformation aronautique : http://www.sia.aviation-civile.gouv.fr/

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Source : Service de linformation aronautique : http://www.sia.aviation-civile.gouv.fr/

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STAR Procedures
Coming close to our arrival in Brest, we will follow ARE3B STAR from ARE VOR that will take us to BODIL
intersection.

Brest STAR and regional map

Source : Service de linformation aronautique : http://www.sia.aviation-civile.gouv.fr/

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Source : Service de linformation aronautique : http://www.sia.aviation-civile.gouv.fr/

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Passengers, Freight and Fuel


Please use this weight calculator sheet below to estimate our total weight and fuel.
Bear in mind that this is not a very realistic procedure and that a fuel calculator utility is also available- see
the References section at the beginning of this tutorial
Today we expect 45 PAX + 600 kg of cargo.
ALL WEIGHTS ARE IN KILOS
ERJ 145 Weight and Fuel Calculator
Flight information
Distance

476 nm

Cruise ALT

FL360

E.T.E.

1 h 30

Weight

TOTAL

Empty weight

12 399

Passengers

X 80

45

MAX

3600

Cargo

600

Staff

300

ZFW

16 899

17 900

TOTAL

MAX

Fuel

min.

A taxi

10

x 1100 kg/h

183

B - ETE

90

x 1100 kg/h

1 659

C - ALT

x 1100 kg/h

D - reserves

30

E extra

x 1100 kg/h

550

x 1100 kg/h

200

Total fuel

Gross Weight (ZFW + fuel)

2 592

5 170

19 491

22 000

ALL WEIGHTS ARE IN KILOS

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ALL ABOARD!
Flight Simulator Startup
Start MS Flight Simulator and create the following flight:
Aircraft: ERJ145 from FeelThere - cockpit 2D.
Airport: Perpignan Rivesaltes Gate/Door G2
Weather: default weather
Date & time: date does not matter but set your time to 8:30am local time.

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Inspection and cockpit installation

Open the passenger door by pressing Shift + E on the keyboard as well as the cargo door SHIFT + E +
2 - luggage are on their way!

Inspect your aircraft and get on board!

Systems Ignition
Make sure the parking brake is set.

Open the console by clicking on the relevant button as shown:


The parking brake must be set and horizontal:

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Close the console and open the upper panel:

Switch on the battery by rotating the 2 knobs to AUTO

AURAL UNIT OKAY!

Let me introduce you to Betty, your virtual electronic assistant.


Her messages must always be listened to with great care as
she gives important information about our aircraft.

You will notice some switches on the upper panel are lit. This Embraer use the Black Panel
Logic, therefore every light will have to go off before we start.

Switch on the avionics by clicking on the buttons (light must go off).

The cockpit navigation instruments must now be on PFD, MFD, EICAS

Arm the Emergency LT by moving the switch to the ARM position.


Turn the right FUEL knob to the ON position.
Start the APU by rotating the knob to the START position.

Monitor for complete startup of the APU: indication must be 100% on the EICAS as illustrated below:

Switch on the anti-ice by clicking of these two buttons light must go off.
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Turn the air conditioning ON by clicking on all lit buttons 4 of them light must go off.
No Smoking and Seat Belt signs must be ON.
Switch on the navigation lights.
Your upper panel should now look like this:

All lights are off -black panel logic

We can start boarding Passengers.

Close the upper panel


Switch off the audio alarm by clicking on the alert indicator amber button:

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You may have noticed that the time indicated on our clock is GMT. Its best to switch the clock to our
local time.

Click on Clock Mode Switch as shown below to display the local time:

Instrument Presentation
Lets start identifying the main part of our instrument panels. Try to remember their abbreviations, as they will
be referred to very frequently throughout this tutorial.

PFD - Primary Flight Display - on which you can find the EADI Electronic Altitude Direction
Indication on top and the EHSI Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator at the bottom.
MFD - Multi Function Display
RMU - Radio Management Unit
EICAS - Engine Indication and Crew Alerting System
DCP : Display Control Panel
FGC - Flight Guidance Control on which you can find the FD flight director the AP Auto
Pilot
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FMS Programming
We now need to set our flight plan on our FMS. We plan to takeoff at 9:00am, which means we have
something like 30 minutes to complete our flight preparation.

Open the FMS


Lets see how it works:

1R

1L

2R

2L

3R

3L

4R

4L
scratchpad
Function Keys

Keyboard

In this tutorial, the 4 keys on the left will be referred to as 1L, 2L, 3L and 4L. The 4 keys on the right will be
referred as to 1R, 2R, 3R and 4R..
The scratchpad is where letters and figures will be displayed when we type something of the FMS.
In case of typing mistakes, press CLR key at the bottom. The DEL key enables to delete a whole line such
as a navigation point we will use this later on.
CAUTION : The following pages heavily use screenshots. Each screenshot shows the result of the
written instructions stated just before.

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Check that all information appears in Green.


Any information in RED and you will need to
update the navigation database.

Press 2R DEST

Press 4R POS INIT

Let's set up our departure now. We will get back to


our flight plan just after.

Press 4L DEPARTURE
Press 2R LOAD

Press 3R 33 (runway)
Press 4R FLT PLAN

Type in our destination airport code, which is


LFRB. You can now see the code in the
scratchpad

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The Navigation Database does not hold Perpignan


SID at this time of writing, we will try to follow it
manually instead. Refer to schedule 1 to learn how
to create your own SID or STAR procedures.

ERJ 145 tutorial v. 1 - 03/06/2005

Press 4R - ACTIVATE

Press 3L

We now need to type our waypoints.

Press

Type the first waypoint MORIL

then

type

the

point UN727.AGN

Press 2L to store the value

Press 2L to store the value

Type the next point: UP84.TOU

Type the next point UN863.NTS

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next

Press 3L to store the value

Press 3R to choose ARRIVAL

Press 1L to select our runway


Press

3 times to reach page 5 where


we can type our next point UM616.ARE

Choose runway 26L by clicking 3L


Press 1L

Press 4R to get back to the ARRIVAL page

Lets deal with our arrival now.

Press NAV

Press 3L to choose the STAR

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Press 4L - ACTIVATE

Press 1L - ARE3B

Our flight plan is now complete.

Click on PREV and NEXT to check the different pages to see if everything is ok.

Lets have a look at our flight plan on the map of the MFD.

B1

B2

B3 B4 B5 B6

On the MFD, click on B2 - MFD then B3 - JSTK.


Click on B2 - SKP to move to the next waypoint. Click on B3 - RCL to get back to the previous waypoint.
Adjust the zoom by rotating the knob as illustrated on the bottom right corner just above.
Once everything reviewed, do not forget to come back to the first waypoint by clicking several times on
B3 RCL. Once achieved, click twice on B1 - RTN to get back to the MFD initial display.

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Lets get to PERF INIT data : altitude, weight, fuel,


etc.

Press 4R - PERF INIT

We need to change two things on this page the


transition altitude which is 5,000 ft @ Perpignan
and our Cruise Altitude which will be be 36,000 ft
or FL360 today.

Type 5000 in the scratchpad then press 1L


Type 36000 then press 2L

Press

Page 4 should now look like this:

Page 2 shows speeds related to CLIMB, CRUISE


and DESCENT. We can leave this as it is.

Press
Press

On page 3, this is where we could increase our


reserves or fuel necessary for takeoff. Were going
to leave those values as they are.

Last page is about the weight and fuel of our


aircraft. Remember that we calculated this on the
Freight, Passenger and Fuel page of this tutorial.
We were just confirmed that we have 45
passengers on board.

Press

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Click on Aircraft / Weight and fuel menu of Flight Simulator and choose Modify weight. Change the
values to get to a total weight of 4500 as illustrated below:

We also previously calculated that we needed 2,592 kilos of fuel for this flight.

Change the quantity of fuel so that you reach these figures. In this example, I modified both tanks @
51% of their total capacity which gives a total weight of 2,638 kilos. It is slightly more that we wanted but its
better to have more than less!

Check that the gross weight does not exceed the Max Takeoff Weight:

Click OK to get back to our flight and FMS programming.

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Type in the fuel quantity then press 2L GAUGE

Type in 600 for cargo then press 3L


Type in 45/80 - 45 passengers @ 80Kg each then press 1R

Check the gross weight as indicated below.


Today we have something close to 19,5 tons:

Our flight will be 477nm long and our landing


weight will be around 18,2 tons. We will need this
weight to calculate our landing speed later.

Press 4R TAKEOFF

Press 4R - CONFIRM INIT

We need to type the speed and direction of the


wind. There is no wind today in Perpignan.

Type in 0/0 in the scratchpad then press 2R

Press 4R PERF DATA.

Press FPL to get back to our flight plan.


Close the FMS

FMS forecast is 1h16 of flight time - ETE.

Press

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Speed setup

On the MFD, press B2 MFD then press B2 - SPD. Here is what you get:

Use the reference speed table below to calculate our speed. Today our weight is 19.5 tons:

WEIGHT
(tons)

14
14,5
15
15,5
16
16,5
17
17,5
18
18,5
19
19,5
20
20,5
21
21,5
22

V1

VR

113
113
113
113
114
116
119
122
124
127
129
132
134
137
139
141
143

122
122
121
121
121
123
126
128
130
132
134
136
138
140
142
144
146

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V2

VFS

128
127
126
126
125
127
129
131
133
135
137
138
140
142
144
146
148

142
145
147
150
152
154
156
158
160
163
165
167
169
171
173
175
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ERJ 145 tutorial v. 1 - 03/06/2005

We need to set up 4 speeds:


- V1 - magenta colour is when we decide whether to carry on or stop our take off.
- VR blue colour is when we can ROTATE ! and take off.
- V2 white colour is when we reach our safety speed to take off,
- AP green colour is the best speed for climbing.

Click on B3 - V1 to select the first speed.

A white frame must appear around V1.

Click on the jog dial as shown above to select V1 - 132 knots.


Repeat this for VR, V2 et AP by selecting the speed indicated on the table the page before.

You should get this :

Click on B1 - RTN to get back to the initial page of the MFD.

Engine Start
All passengers have now boarded cant you hear them singing?

Close all doors using Shift + E for main door and SHIFT + E + 2 for cargo.

Check the MFD: all doors must be green.

We have now our clearance to start off the engines. As there are no pushing back facilities at Perpignan
Airport, we can start immediately.

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Open the overhead panel

Turn the Red Beacon on to warn the ground staff that we are about to start the engines.
Press the APU BLEED button that should lit- you should also hear the APU engine starting.
Check the Ignition Settings knobs that must be on AUTO.
Turn the left fuel pump knob to the ON position.
Right-click on engine n2 protective cover to open it and move the knob to the START position. Rightclick again to move the protective cover back to the knob.

Engine n2 is now starting automatically. Check on the EICAS


the % value of engine 2 : engine starts at 23% then stabilizes at
65%.

Repeat n to start engine n1.


Once both engines started, switch the electric pumps on to the AUTO position.
Press APU BLEED switch () to turn it off.
Switch off the APU completely by pressing the STOP button first then move the knob to the OFF
position.

ENG NO TO DATA alarm should blink on the EICAS.

Close the overhead panel and cut the alarm by clicking on the yellow button.

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Check the EICAS, on which one single indication should remain - ENG NO
TO DATA (Engine No Takeoff Data) which means we will now have to set the
FADEC for takeoff.
Open again the overhead panel.

Press once Take off Data Store button to select takeoff mode.

Check for a little triangle next to T/O MODE on the MFD which means the
line is now selected.

Turn this knob so as to change the desired mode. In our case we will keep it default - T/O-1.
Press again Take off Data Store button to select the outside temperature.

REF TO TEMP line is now selected.

Turn the knob either left or right to change the selected temperature. Today outside temperature is
15C.

Press Take off Data Store button once again to select REF A-ICE.
Turn the knob to either activate or deactivate this mode. We will leave it to OFF.
Press Take off Data Store one last time to complete the FADEC setting.

All EICAS indications referring to the engines should now appear in blue. ENG NO TO DATA should
also disappear from the EICAS.

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Taxi
We have just received our clearance for taxi.

Open the overhead panel and switch on the TAXI


lights.

Close the overhead panel.


Open the console

Release the GUST LOCK click within the red area.


Activate the TOGA (Take-Off / Go Around) click within the red area

Take a look at the PFD : ROL TO is now displayed in green and the magenta horizontal bar goes up
to 15 as illustrated below:

Release the parking brake.


Close the console and move gently the throttle up to start moving the plane. Adjust thrust during taxi to
maintain low speed. Do not over speed 15 KTS.

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TAXI
We are now heading to runway 33.

On the DCP, click on FMS button to select it as our navigation source. Turn also the two knobs to the
FMS position.

Take a look at the EHSI on the PFD. Information is now displayed in magenta, which acknowledges
that our FMS has been selected as our navigation source. The first waypoint is displayed MORIL- as well
as its distance - 30 nautical miles. The ground speed is also displayed - 14 KTS in this example.

Lower the flaps to 9 position and check their position on the EICAS

Raise the TRIM until the green arrow gets to the green zone as displayed below.

Press TO CONFIG button on the console as shown on the next page.

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TAKE OFF - OKAY !

!
Betty might tell you something else, if so please review what you missed.
TAKE OFF - TRIM!

TAKE OFF - FLAPS!

TAKE OFF - BRAKES!

On the FGC, rotate the altitude selection wheel to select 5,000 feet
(Right clicking on the wheel will change the altitude faster)

On the RMU, Press 4L twice to activate TCAS.


1L
2L

1R
2R

5L set to 12 nautical miles in this example.

3L
4L

3R
4R

Press 6L to choose to display either NORMAL, ABOVE or


BELOW traffic.

5L
6L

5R
6R

TA/RA indication is now displayed.

Change the RANGE of the TCAS if required by pressing

Engage the parking brake once aligned on the runway to prevent the plane from moving while we
make the final preparation for takeoff.
.
END OF TAXI

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Takeoff
We are now on runway 33 ready for takeoff

Switch on the Landing lights and the STROBE and switch off the Taxi lights.
Open the FADEC window
Press the T/O button to select takeoff thrust.

Check on the EICAS the little T blue sign that will limit maximum thrust to avoid engine damage while
takeoff.

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Lets take advantage of the low traffic on this airport to take our time to understand how the FGC - Flight
Guidance Control works on this aircraft. You can pause the simulator if you like.

!
Our FGC is quite different from the other jets and we must make sure that we fully
understand its logic if we dont want to crash or make our passengers sick.

First thing to do is to choose one of the two Autopilot by pressing the CPL (Coupling) button. Being
seated on the left side as the captain of this aircraft, choose the left autopilot. Check for the green arrow
pointing to your direction to the left. Also take a look at the PFD where the green arrow between ROL and
TO points out to your direction.
Second thing to do is to check that the Flight Director (FD) is on. You cannot use the autopilot
without using the FD. Check that the green light on FD1 is on.
Third, align the heading bug HDG onto our current heading, which in this case is 330 by pressing the
centre of the heading selection wheel.

Check on the PFD that the


blue heading bug matches our
current heading. We can also
visually check this on the MFD.

!
Always monitor the result of your action on the PFD after activating a command on
the FGC to double-check your action.

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Also check the display of the PFD. Active modes are displayed in green. Armed modes appear in white.
In this example, lateral active mode is ROL, which is good for takeoff. Active vertical mode is TO for takeoff.
No lateral mode is armed for the moment whereas ASEL is our vertical armed mode. ASEL stands for
Altitude selection, which means that our aircraft will reach the selected altitude of 5,000 feet.
ROL
lateral active mode

Pilot in command

TO
vertical active mode
ASEL
armed vertical mode

TAKEOFF!

Move the throttle to full thrust and maintain the aircraft aligned onto the runway.

Check the engine thrust on the EICAS.

When reaching VR speed, rotate by gently pulling the joystick. Monitor your PFD and try to maintain the
magenta bar aligned as illustrated below:
ROTATE!

Raise the gear when airborne


Press CLB thrust mode to reduce thrust.

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Climb
Push the AP button of the FGC along with HDG FLC to make those modes active.

!
Leave the joystick alone!
If you fly using a joystick, do not touch it after engaging the autopilot because it
remains active and could alter the automatic heading and vertical speed of the
flight computer.

The aircraft should now fly by herself heading to 330 and climb to the selected altitude of 5,000 feet.

Raise the flaps completely when passing VREF or AP speed indicator.

Arm LNAV mode by pressing the NAV button.

NAV should light and HDG also remains lit.

Turn the HDG wheel selector to achieve a new


heading of 300

It is now time to quickly analyze what the PFD is telling


us. We have just taken off and we can already see a lot on it:
- The active navigation mode is FMS: we know this because
the information is displayed in magenta colour.
- The next waypoint is MORIL which is 26.5 nm ahead of us
- Our ground speed is 192 KTS.
- We are climbing to 5,000 feet at 3,300 feet/minute.
- The autopilot is ON (AP). HDG and CLB are active, LNAV
and ASEL are armed.

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Increase our selected altitude to 10,000 feet by rotating the ASEL knob.

At around 7,000 feet, the FMS should capture our programmed route. LNAV mode should become
active and displayed in green on the PFD while HDG light on the button goes off on the FGC.

Increase the selected altitude to 36,000 feet using the ASEL knob.
Passing 10,000 feet, switch off the landing lights as well as the seat belt sign.
Et voil! We have now completed the biggest part of our work. The FGC is now dealing with navigation and
our work will be to monitor our instruments to check that everything goes fine.

Autopilot vertical modes: FLC and VS


In this type of aircraft, FLC mode is generally used for climbing up to 10,000 feet. This
mode automatically adjusts vertical speed to maintain a maximum air speed of 250 kts.
Passing 10,000 feet, FLC mode will adjust vertical speed to reach Mach 0.56. VS mode is
used when constant vertical speed is required - 2,000 feet / minute for example.
In case of turbulence, it is best to use VS instead of FLC mode.

BUZZ - BUZZ - BUZZ

You will hear 3 buzz when reaching ASEL less 1,000 feet, i.e. 35,000 feet in our case. This is to warn us
that we are about to reach our cruising altitude. It has taken 20 minutes so far for our aircraft to reach our
cruising altitude.

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Cruise
When reaching cruising altitude, make sure the aircraft levels off at 36,000 feet and that vertical speed
green arrow points to 0. ALT mode is now the active vertical mode:

At 36,000 feet, press CRZ (CRUISE) as illustrated below.

Engine thrust will reduce automatically. Depending on winds, speed will carry on increasing and we must
continuously check it as there are no auto throttles on this aircraft.

!
No auto-throttles
Always adjust thrust to avoid over speeding. The SPD mode on the FGC panel
does not maintain airspeed while cruising.

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Using the FMS while cruising

Open the FMS and click on PROG

On page 1 of PROGRESS, we can see that:


- The next waypoint to reach is AGN magenta colour. It is
10nm ahead of us and we should reach it within 1 minute
approximately.
- We will reach our destination (runway 26L of Brest) within
377nm or 56 minutes in-flight.

Press NEXT to move to the next page:


On page 2, we can see that:
- We are flying at maximum cruising speed (MMO)
- Top of Climb TOC is passed (PAST)
- Top of Descent TOD, i.e. when we have to start descending,
will take place in 29 minutes after flying 217nm. Vertical speed
at that time will have to be set to 2,600 feet/minute.

Press FLP to monitor our flight plan progress:

- AGN in yellow is where we come from


- SECHE in magenta is where we are heading to
- VELIN in green is the next waypoint of our flight plan.

PROG and FPL buttons are the only ones of the FMS that we will use during cruising. Do not hesitate to
press them every time you want to know where we are. It is a good thing to leave the FMS window open
while cruising so as not to miss our TOD.

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System check
Lets take advantage of this time to review the different systems of our aircraft. We will monitor all this using
the PFD and MFD.

EHSI full / arc Mode

Press EHSI full /arc mode button of the DCP to change the display of the EHSI on the PFD. The next
button to its right (Ground speed / time to go) enables to toggle display between ground speed (GSPD) and
the estimated time (ET) needed to reach our next waypoint.

MFD System menu


B1

B2

B3

B4 B5 B6

Press B1 SYS to check the different systems of the aircraft.

T/O page is default (takeoff). We know it is Takeoff page that is


currently displayed because the T/O indication is white framed. On this
page, we can check that all doors are secure.

Press B3 - ECS/AI to access information about oxygen and


temperature.

Press B4 - FUEL to check the fuel level. TOTAL in kilos gives us


the remaining fuel.

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!
WATCH OUT FOR THE FUEL BUTTON
Do not press again B4 FUEL while on the fuel page. Pressing B4 again would
refuel the tanks to 100%. This is obviously not very realistic and is not something
we want.

Press B5 - HYD to check the hydraulic systems.

Finally press B6 - ELEC to get to the electric systems page.

Press B1 RTN to get back to the initial page of the MFD.

Press B2 MFD

Press B2 SPDS to see the Speed page then B3 JSTK to move from waypoint to waypoint on the
flight plan map (see page 26).

B4 - NAV APT and B5 DATA are used to filter the level of information
displayed on the map. In this example, every information available is
displayed: we can see information about our flight plan (DATA) in magenta,
surrounding airports (APT) in blue and navigation aids (NAV) in green.

B6 MAINT is inop.

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Press B1 - RTN

B3 CKLST and B5 WX are inop.

Press B4 TCAS to display the surrounding traffic.

Press B6 - PLAN to display our flight plan oriented to the north. Press B6 again to get back to the initial
flight plan display.

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Descent
On the FMS, press PROG then NEXT to move to page 2. Top Of Descent (TOD) will start in 22nm or 3
minutes : wed better hurry!

Click on FPL button of the FMS and make a note of the various altitudes to reach as we will progress on
our flight plan:
Waypoint
TERPO
KORER
ARE
ARE16
BODIL

Altitude to
reach
36,000
26,800
8,100
3,000
2,000

Distance

59 nm
16 nm
6 nm

Turn the ASEL knob of the FGC to select 26,800 feet. Check the ASEL value in blue on the PFD :

Let's also modify the Decision Height altitude for landing which in Brest is 520 feet. Turn the knob as
illustrated below to set 520.

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Let's setup our reference speed for landing right now. Remember that our FMS had forecast a landing
weight of around 18 tons at the beginning of the flight.
LANDING SPEED TABLE FLAPS 45

Weights
(kilos)
21744
21291
20838
20385
19932
19479
19026
18573
18120
17667
17214
16761
16308
15855
15402
14949
14496
14043
13590
13137
12684
VFS
Vref45
Vga9
Target

VFS

Vref45

175
174
172
170
169
167
165
163
161
159
157
155
154
151
14*
147
145
143
140
138
136

Vga9

136
135
134
132
131
130
128
127
126
124
123
121
120
118
117
115
114
114
114
114
114

Target

166
164
162
161
160
158
156
154
153
151
149
147
145
143
142
140
137
135
133
131
129

140+
140+
140+
140+
140+
140
138
137
136
134
133
131
130
128
127
125
124
124
124
124
124

Optimal Approach Speed. To be set on V1.


Reference Speed for landing with flaps 45. To be set on VR.
TO/GA security speed with flaps 9. To be set on V2.
Landing Speed Target = Vref45 + 10 knots. To be set on AP.

On the MFD, press B2 - MFD then press B2 - SPD. Type in the reference speeds. You should get this :

See page 30 in case you forget how to set up speeds.

Watch out for the FMS indications PROG page 2 as well the MDF so as to not overshoot the TOD!

When reaching TOD, push FLC on the FGC to start descent.


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Reduce thrust to avoid over speed.


OVERSPEED! OVERSPEED!

Check the vertical speed on the PFD:

!
We have now a little problem: the aircraft is not descending fast enough: the little magenta
triangle is far too low. Ideally it should be next to the horizontal white line facing the current
altitude. We now have to increase our vertical speed.

To solve this problem, press VS mode on the FGC and increase the vertical speed by rotating the SPD
button. In this example, the vertical speed is set to 2,600 feet / minute.

Beware! Increasing the vertical speed will also increase the air speed of the aircraft. Reduce thrust if
required to lower speed.

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While descending, we are going to input the ILS frequency for our landing in Brest.

Press 2R to select NAV1 of the RMU


Tune ILS frequency to 109.9
Press 1R of the RMU to activate the frequency.
We are now getting close to KORER. Our next waypoint is ARE where we have to achieve 8,100 feet.

Set altitude to 8,100 feet using the ASEL knob on the FGC.
Passing KORER, we carry on our descent for around 60NM.

Reduce vertical speed using the SPD button to establish 1,800 feet/minute (VS mode on the FGC
should be selected).
We are now approaching 12,000 feet.

Start reducing thrust to achieve 250 KTS at 10,000 feet so that Betty will not shout at us!
Switch the seat belt signal on.
Use the speed brakes if necessary to slow down the aircraft.

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We are now passing 10,000 feet

Switch on the landing lights on the overhead panel.


Do not over speed 250 KTS.

Look for the next waypoint to reach on the FMS which is ARE16. Turn the ASEL knob to 3,000 feet.

Reduce speed to 240 KTS.


We are now a few miles away from ARE and we are about to start our approach.

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Approach
We have just reached ARE and are now heading to BODIL following ARE3B STAR.
Check the STAR map of Brest on page 13. Make sure to establish 3,000 feet at BODIL which is
approximately 22nm ahead of us.

Set ASEL to 2,000 feet.


At ARE16, reduce vertical speed VS to 1,000 feet / minute.
Reduce speed to 200 KTS when passing BODIL.

Passing BODIL, our aircraft makes a left turn to 255 and should align on the runway heading.

Once heading stabilized, push HDG knob on the FGC so as to synchronize HDG with our current
heading.

Press NAV button on the DCP to select VOR-ILS navigation source. Turn the knob to NAV1 position.

Information is now displayed in green which means we are not using the FMS any longer as our
navigation source

Set the OBS to read 256 - this is our runway heading - by turning the CRS1 knob of the FGC. Check on
the PFD that CRS reads 256 as illustrated above.

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Press APR on the FGC to capture the LOC

It is now very important to check the active and armed modes


on the PFD.
Active lateral mode should be LOC which means that the FD
has captured the LOC. We are now 10.2 nm from BG - the
landing edge.
Active vertical mode is ALT : altitude is 2,000 feet.
Vertical armed mode is GS - Glide Slope - which means our
aircraft will start descending following the glide slope at around
5nm from BG. The little green triangle now located just under
GS to the right will lower we approach BG.

At BG-10 (i.e. at 10nm from BG), reduce speed to 180KTS and lower the flaps to 9
At BG-9, reduce speed to 160KTS and lower the flaps to 18
When the GS is locked, lower the flaps to 22, reduce speed to 160 KTS and lower the gears!
Keep reducing speed to achieve TARGET speed, which is 136 KTS for today.
Lower completely the flaps to 45. Maintain the target speed. Use the AP green bug on the PFD.

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Landing
APPROACHING MINIMUMS
We are now close to our decision height which is 520 feet.
MINIMUMS MINIMUMS

Press AP and YD on the FGC to disengage the autopilot and the yaw damper

AUTOPILOT !

Manually fly the aircraft and maintain it on the glide slope and heading. Slowly reduce the thrust to reach
the target landing speed.

Reduce thrust completely above the tarmac and flare the aircraft.
Upon touching down, move gently the joystick forward to land the forward wheel of the aircraft. Reverse
the thrust by pressing the F2 key of the keyboard. The speed brakes are automatically extended.

Watch the automatic speed brakes !

Once reaching 80 KTS, cancel reverse thrust and apply the brakes to reach approx. 20 KTS.

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Switch off the landing lights and the STROBE upon leaving the runway.

Press 4L of the RMU to switch off the TCAS. STANDBY


mode is now displayed.

Raise the flaps progressively and completely


Switch on the TAXI lights.
Switch on the APU
Engage the parking brake on the console when you reach the gate.

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Systems shutdown
Switch off the hydraulic pumps on the overhead panel.
Move the thrust levers back to idle and engage the Gust Lock by clicking within the red area as
illustrated below:

Shut down the engines by moving the two knobs to STOP.


Switch off the Red Beacon.
Switch off the SEAT BELT sign.
Open the passengers door and let them go!
Close the fuel pumps to the OFF position.
Switch off the emergency lights.
Switch off APU by pressing first the black STOP button then moving the know to OFF.
Switch off the avionics by pressing both buttons that should now lit.
Switch off the batteries by rotating the two knobs to OFF.
Here we are! You finally made it! I hope you enjoyed flying with this tutorial as much as I enjoyed
writing it. Let me thank Feelthere again for creating such a great aircraft.
See you soon for new adventures on board!
Visit my website for recent updates and new stuff:

David Maler June 2005

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Schedule 1: FMS advanced features


A> Save a flight plan
Follow this procedure if you want to save your flight plans.
In this example, we will create the following flight plan:
Paris Orly LFPO -> Perpignan Rivesaltes LFMP
LFPO SID TURBO DCT BADAM UY27 SIJAN STAR LFMP

Open up the FMS and press 4R POS INIT

Press 1L FPL LIST. Here is the list of the


saved flight plans. In this case, SIDSIJAN is the
only one in the memory of our FMS.

Press 2R - LOAD
Type the name of the flight plan we want to
create, I suggest using the names of the airports,
eg LFPO-LFMP:

Press

Press 1L to enter our flight plan.

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Type in the different waypoints: TURBO,


BADAM and then UY27.SIJAN. Refer to earlier
pages of the tutorial for full procedure on how to
type in waypoints.

Press 1R - ACTIVATE
Our flight plan is now active.

Once done, you should get this:

Lets check now that the flight plan has been saved
properly.

Press 4R FPL SEL


Press

then 1L FPL LIST

You should see our newt flight plan listed as


illustrated below:

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B> Modify a saved flight plan


In this example, we are going to modify LFPO-LFMP flight plan that we created earlier. We want to remove
BADAM waypoint from it.

Display the flight plan list (refer to previous


pages for procedures).

Press DEL
then 3L-BADAM.
deletedl.

on the keyboard of the FMS


BADAM waypoint is now

Press 2L in our case to select the flight plan


then 1L to load it into the FMS.

Press 4R - FPL SEL then 1R ACTIVATE

Press 4R - YES to save the modifications or


alternatively 4L - NO to cancel the changes.

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C> Adding waypoints


You may have to manually add waypoints from time to time as not every one of them is stored in the
Navdata file of the FMS, especially if you want to create SID or STAR procedures.
In this example, we want to add a new waypoint which location is:
Nord 42 46.55 - Est 2 53.57

Open up the FMS then press 4R POS INIT.

Press 2R - LOAD

Press 2L WPT LIST

In this example, several waypoints have already


been created.
Lets give a name to the waypoint we are now
creating:

Type in FIX01 then press 1L

Press

We now need to enter its location:


North 42 46.55 - East 2 53.57

Type in exactly N4246.5E00253.6 then press


2L
46.55 has been rounded to 46.5. Same thing for
53.57 that has been rounded to 53.6 this is a
requirement for this FMS.

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Press 4L to get back to the waypoint list. Repeat this procedure to add any extra waypoint.
A new file is created every time you add a new waypoint. These small files are stored in the Flight
Simulator 9 / Feelthere / CustomDB folder as illustrated below:

It is best to backup these files into another folder that you will keep in a safe place just in case you encounter
a problem or overwriting of these files.

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D> STAR procedure creation


In this example, we are going to create STAR SIJAN procedure for runway 33 of Perpignan Airport. At the
time of writing this tutorial, this procedure does not exist in the NavData so its a good example and can
virtually be adapted to any other SID / STAR procedure you might want to create.
You must read the previous chapters of Schedule 1 to fully understand whats coming next.

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1st step: Get the geographical location of STAR waypoints.


We will use FSNavigator www.fsnavigator.com - to generate a flight plan from SIJAN waypoint to the
STAR procedure for runway 33:

2nd step: Waypoint creation


Refer to the previous chapter to create the different waypoints that will enable us to build up our STAR
procedure.

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In this example, we will need to create the following waypoints:

FSNavigator
name

FMS
Suggested
name

Location

FMS format to
type in

Fix01

SIJ01

N4242.67 E00304.57

N4242.7E00304.6

Fix02

SIJ02

N4241.50 E00305.86

N4241.5E00305.8

Fix03

SIJ03

N4239.04 E00305.52

N4239E00305.5

Fix04

SIJ04

N4237.57 E00303.88

N4237.6E00303.9

Fix05

SIJ05

N4236.41 E00300.31

N4236.4E00300.3

Fix06

SIJ06

N4239.26 E00256.74

N4239.3E00256.7

Always name your waypoints in a sensible way so that you will find them easily when yo need them. Here I
chose the first 3 letters of the name of SIJAN STAR followed by an order number.
3rd step: STAR procedure construction using the flight plan saving facility.
We are now going to create a new flight plan that will not start and end with an airport name but instead
navaids or waypoints.

Display the flight plan page (refer to previous

Press 1L

section on how to it).

Type in the name of the STAR - STARSIJAN

Type in the first waypoint as ORIGIN which is


SIJAN.

for exemple.

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Press 1L

Type in the name of the first waypoint we


created for this procedure which is SIJ01

Type the arrival waypoint which PL NDB and


press 2R

Press 2L

The FMS found 3 entries matching PL:

Press 2L again to copy SIJ01 into the


scratchpad.
Press CLR key once on the FMS keyboard to
delete the 1 and get SIJ0 then type in 2

Press 3L to add SIJ02 to the flight plan.


Repeat this procedure to type in all our
waypoints. You should get several pages at the
end.

Press 1L to select Perpignan PL.

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Press 4R

Press 1L to AC TIVATE our flight plan

The flight plan is now listed with different colours.

Press NAV of the FMS then 1L FLP LIST


Check the list of flight plans to make sure that STARSIJAN we have just created is listed.

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E> HOLD procedure


You can easily add a HOLD procedure to your flight plan. You can either do this on the ground while entering
your flight plan or later while en route.
The procedure to follow is fairly simple. In this example, we will load the existing STARSIJAN flight plan that
we created previously and we will add a HOLD procedure at SIJ01 waypoint, which is FIX01 on FSnavigator
map see page 61 and in real life close to LANET see map page 60 which is where aircrafts hold at
Perpignan airport

Open up the FMS and load our flight plan

Press 1L HOLD

STARSIJAN. Make sure this flight plan is active


into the memory of the FMS before moving ahead.
Once activated, you should get something like this:

Press

*HOLD* is now displayed in the scratchpad


area.

Press 2L SIJ01 to add HOLD to it

key

Default Hold pattern turn is right (DIR= Right


TURN).
If you want to change its direction, you must first
input the CRS then the direction such as: 189/L
then press 3L to replace the existing pattern.
If you change the length of the leg like 3NM below,
the time leg will also change 0.7 minutes here,
which is 42 seconds.

Press 4L PATTERN

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Press 4R - ACTIVATE

Press 4L CLEAR to cancel HOLD.

H letter disappears from SIJ01 waypoint.

H letter indicates where our Holding pattern


will take place.

Also check the holding pattern on the map.

Check that the holding pattern has also


disappeared on the map.
When flying, our aircraft will automatically enter the
holding pattern when reaching the H waypoint. You
can cancel the holding pattern before entering it.
In the following example, a HOLD pattern was
defined on SIJ05. As you reach the previous
waypoint -SIJ04 - EXIT HOLD comes up under 4L.
To cancel HOLD, simply press 4L. If not the
aircraft will enter HOLD upon reaching SIJ05.
EXIT HOLD remains active until you decide to exit
the pattern by pressing 4L.

Should you decide to to remove the Holding


pattern:

Press
Press 4L - PATTERN
Press 1L HOLD
Press 2L SIJ01

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Glossary
Abbr.

Definition

Abbr.

Definition

AIP

Aeronautical Information Publication

FPS

Frames Per Second

AP

Auto Pilot

GS

Glide Slope

APR

Approach

HDG

Heading

APU

Auxiliary Power Unit

ILS

Instrument Landing System

ASEL

Altitude SELection

LOC

Localizer

ATC

Air Trafic Control

OBS

Omni Bearing Selector

CPL

CouPLing

MFD

Multi Function Display

DCP

Display Control Panel

PFD

Primary Flight Display

EADI

Electronic Altitude Direction


Indicator

RMU

Radio Management Unit

SID

Standard Instrument Departure

EHSI

Electronic Horizontal Situation


Indicator

SPD

Speed

EICAS

Engine Indication and Crew Alerting


System

STAR

Standard Terminal Arrival Route

ETE

Estimated Time En route

TCAS

Traffic alert and collision avoidance


system

FADEC

Fully Automated Digital Electronic


Control

TOC

Top of climb

TOD

Top Of Descent

FD

Flight Director
VS

Vertical Speed

FGC

Flight Guidance Control


YD

Yaw Damper

FLC

Flight level change


ZFW

Zero Fuel Weight

FMS

Flight Management System

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