AMIN AMINOAXIT PEPTIT

I. AMIN
1. Khi nim
Khi thay th mt hay nhiu nguyn t hiro trong phn t NH 3 bng mt hay nhiu gc hirocacbon
thu c amin. Th d: CH3NH2: metyl amin; CH2=CHCH2NH2; C6H5NH2.
2. Phn loi
a. Theo c im cu to ca gc hirocacbon
Amin thm (th d: anilin C6H5NH2), amin bo (th d: etylamin C2H5NH2), amin d vng (th d: piroliin)
b. Theo bc ca amin
Amin bc mt: CH3CH2CH2NH2; Amin bc hai: CH3CH2NHCH3; Amin bc ba: (CH3)3N.
3. Danh php
+ Tn gc chc: tn gc + amin
+ Tn thay th: tn nhnh + tn mch chnh + s ch + amin
Vi amin bc II v III: Ntn nhnh + tn mch nhnh + tn mch chnh + s ch + amin
Tn gi ca mt s amin
Hp cht
Tn gc chc
Tn thay th
Tn thng thng
CH3NH2
metyl amin
Metanamin
C2H5NH2
Etyl amin
Etanamin
CH3CH2CH2NH2
Propyl amin
propan1amin
CH3CH(NH2)CH3
Isopropyl amin
propan2amin
H2N[CH2]6NH2
Hexan1,6iamin hexametylen iamin
C6H5NH2
Phenyl amin
Benzenamin
Anilin
C6H5NHCH3
Metyl phenyl amin Nmetylbenzenamin NMetyl anilin
C2H5NHCH3
etyl metyl amin
Nmetyletanamin
4. Tnh cht ha hc
a. Tnh baz
CH3CH2CH2NH2 + H2O [CH3CH2CH2NH3]+ + OH.
CH3NH2 + HCl [CH3NH3]+Cl (metylamoni clorua).
C6H5NH2 + HCl C6H5NH3+Cl (phenylamoni clorua).
Nhm ankyl c nh hng lm tng mt electron nguyn t nit do lm tng lc baz; nhm
phenol (C6H5) lm gim mt electron nguyn t nit do lm gim lc baz.
Lc baz: RNH2 > NH3 > C6H5NH2.
b. Phn ng vi axit nitr
C2H5NH2 + HONO C2H5OH + N2 + H2O
Anilin v cc amin thm bc mt tc dng vi axit nitr nhit thp (0 5C) cho mui iazoni:
o
+

C6H5NH2 + HONO + HCl

05 C C6H5N2 Cl (benzeniazoni clorua) + 2H2O
c. Phn ng ankyl ha
C2H5NH2 + CH3I C2H5NHCH3 + HI
d. Phn ng th nhn thm ca anilin
C6H5NH2 + 3Br2 C6H2Br3NH2 (2,4,6tribromanilin) + 3HBr
II. AMINO AXIT
1. nh ngha
Amino axit l loi hp cht hu c tp chc m phn t cha ng thi nhm amino (NH 2) v nhm
cacboxyl (COOH). Th d: H2NCH2COOH
2. Cu to phn t
+
H3NCH2COO H2NCH2COOH
3. Danh php
+ Tn thay th: axit + s ch + amino + tn axit
+ Tn bn h thng: axit + tn v tr (; ; ...) + tn axit thng thng
Tn gi ca mt s amino axit
H2NCH2COOH: axit aminoetanoic, axit aminoaxetic, Glyxin (Gly)
CH3CH(NH2)COOH: axit 2aminopropanoic, axit aminopropionic, Alanin (Ala)
(CH3)2CHCH(NH2)COOH: axit 2amino3metylbutanoic, axit aminoisovaleric, Valin (Val)
pHOC6H4CHCH(NH2)COOH: Axit2amino3 (4hiroxiphenyl) propanoic, axit amino (p
hidroxi phenyl) propionic, Tyrosin (Tyr)

HOOC[CH2]2CH(NH2)COOH: axit 2aminopentan1,5ioic; axit amino glutamic, axit glutamic (Glu)

H2N[CH2]4CH(NH2)COOH: axit2,6iamino hexanoic; axit ,iamino caproic, Lysin (Lys)
4. Tnh cht ha hc
a. Tnh cht lng tnh
Glyxin phn ng vi axit v c mnh cho mui, ng thi glyxin cng phn ng vi baz mnh cho mui
v nc.
H2NCH2COOH + HCl ClH3NCH2COOH
H2NCH2COOH + NaOH H2NCH2COONa + H2O
b. Phn ng este ha nhm COOH
Tng t axit cacboxylic, amino axit phn ng c vi ancol c axit v c mnh xc tc cho este.
HCl(k) NH2CH2COOC2H5 + H2O
H2NCH2COOH + C2H5OH

c. Phn ng ca nhm NH2 vi HNO2.

H2NCH2COOH + HNO2 HOCH2COOH + N2 + H2O
d. Phn ng trng ngng
o
( HN R CO ) n nH 2 O
nH2NRCOOH xt,t
III. PEPTIT
1. Cu to
+ Peptit l nhng hp cht cha t 2 n 50 gc amino axit lin kt vi nhau bng cc lin kt peptit.
+ Cc peptit c phn thnh hai loi
Oligopeptit: t 2 n 10 gc amino axit v c gi tng ng l ipeptit, tripeptit... ecapeptit.
Polipeptit t 11 n 50 gc amino axit.
+ Lin kt trong phn t l lin kt peptit:
+ ng phn: khi thay i trt t lin kt s to ra cc peptit ng phn
Nu phn t peptit cha n gc amino axit th s ng phn loi peptit s l n! (cha tt c cc aminoaxit).
S ng phn x peptit to ra t hn hp gm n aminoxit l nx.
2. Tnh cht:
+ Phn ng thy phn:
+ Phn ng mu biure: cc tripeptit tr ln to dung dch mu tm c trng vi Cu(OH) 2 trong mi trng
kim.
+ phn ng mu vi HNO3: c kt ta mu vng
Protein: C cu to v tnh cht tng t peptit, c phn t khi ln
AMIN AMINO AXIT PROTEIN
Cu 1: S ng phn cu to ca amin bc mt c cng cng thc phn t C4H11N l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Cu 2: S lng ng phn amin thm c cng thc phn t C7H9N l
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 8.
Cu 3: Cp ancol v amin no di y c cng bc?
A. (CH3)3COH v (CH3)3CNH2.
B. (CH3)2CHOH v (CH3)2CHNH2.
C. C6H5CH(OH)CH3 v C6H5NHCH3. D. C6H5CH2OH v CH3NHC2H5.
Cu 4: Tn gi ca C6H5NHCH3 l
A. Metyl phenyl amin.
B. Nmetylanilin
C. Nmetyl benzen amin.
D. c A, B, C u ng.
Cu 5: Cht no sau y c tnh baz mnh nht?
A. C6H5NH2.
B. NH3.
C. C2H5NH2.
D. C2H5Cl.
Cu 6: Dy gm cc cht u lm giy qu tm m chuyn sang mu xanh l
A. anilin, metylamin, amoniac.
B. amoni clorua, metylamin, natri hiroxit.
C. anilin, amoniac, natri hiroxit.
D. metylamin, amoniac, natri axetat.
Cu 7: C 4 hp cht: amoniac (X), imetylamin (Y), phenylamin (Z), metylamin (T). Cc hp cht
c sp xp theo chiu tnh baz tng dn l
A. Z < X < Y < T.
B. T < Y < X < Z.
C. Z < X < T < Y.
D. X < T < Z < Y.
Cu 8: Cho anilin vo nc, lc u. Thm ln lt dung dch HCl d, ri dung dch NaOH d, hin tng
quan st c l
A. Lc u trong sut, sau b c, ri phn lp.
B. Dung dch b c, ri trong sut, sau phn lp.
C. Dung dch b c, sau trong sut.

D. Lc u trong sut, sau phn lp.

Cu 9: C ba cht lng benzen, anilin, stiren ng ring bit trong ba l mt nhn. Thuc th phn bit
ba cht lng trn l
A. nc Br2.
B. phenolphtalein.
C. dung dch NaOH. D. giy qu tm.
Cu 10: Cho t t dung dch cha X n d vo dung dch AlCl3, thu c kt ta khng tan. Cht X l
A. CH3NH2.
B. NH4Cl.
C. NH3.
D. A hoc C.
Cu 11: Cht phn ng vi dung dch FeCl3 cho kt ta l
A. CH3NH2.
B. CH3COOCH3.
C. CH3OH.
D. CH3COOH.
Cu 12: Cht X (C3H9O2N) tc dng vi NaOH c mui Y (c kh nng trng gng) v kh Z (lm xanh
giy qu m v c th iu ch ancol etylic bng mt phn ng). Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. C2H5COONH4.
B. CH3COOH3NCH3. C. HCOOH3NC2H5. D. HCOOH2N(CH3)2.
Cu 13: Cho s chuyn ha: Metan X1 X2 X3 X4 anilin. Cng thc cu to ca cc cht
hu c X2, X3, X4 ln lt l
A. C6H6, C6H5Cl, C6H5ONa.
B. CHCH, C6H6, C6H5NO2.
C. C6H12O6, C6H6, C6H5NO2.
D. C6H6, C6H5NO2, C6H5NH3Cl.
Cu 14: Phenol v anilin u c phn ng th u tin ti cc v tr ortho v para trn nhn benzen v
A. nguyn t oxi v nit cn cp electron t do.
B. c lin kt i ti cc v tr ortho v para.
C. nhm OH v NH2 y electron vo vng benzen.
D. nhm OH v NH2 ht electron ca vng benzen.
Cu 15: tch ring tng cht t hn hp gm benzen, phenol v anilin, ta c th dng cc ha cht l
A. dd Br2, dd NaOH v kh CO2.
B. dd Br2, dd HCl v kh CO2.
C. dd NaOH, dd NaCl v kh CO2.
D. dd NaOH, dd HCl v kh CO2.
Cu 16: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Cc ancol a chc u phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 to dung dch mu xanh lam.
B. Etylamin phn ng vi axit nitr nhit thng, sinh ra bt kh.
C. Benzen lm mt mu nc brom nhit thng.
D. Anilin tc dng vi axit nitr khi un nng, thu c mui iazoni.
Cu 17: Cho cc cht: phenol, anilin, phenylamoni clorua, natri phenolat, etanol. S cht trong dy phn
ng c vi dd NaOH l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 4.
Cu 18: Cho dy cc cht sau: CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H5OH, CH2=CHCOOH, C6H5NH2 (anilin), C6H5OH
(phenol), C6H6 (benzen). S cht trong dy phn ng c vi nc brom l
A. 6.
B. 8.
C. 7.
D. 5.
Cu 19: trung ha 25 gam dung dch ca mt amin n chc X nng 12,4% cn dng 100 ml dung
dch HCl 1M. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H5N.
B. C2H7N.
C. CH5N.
D. C3H7N.
Cu 20: Phn bit cc dung dch keo: h tinh bt, x phng, lng trng trng, ta dng
A. HCl, bt Al.
B. NaOH, HNO3.
C. NaOH, I2.
D. HNO3, I2.
Cu 21: Glyxin khng tc dng c vi dung dch no sau y?
A. NaHSO4.
B. NaHCO3.
C. NH3.
D. KNO3.
Cu 22: Cht dng lm gia v thc n gi l m chnh hay bt ngt c cng thc cu to l
A. NaOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COONa.
B. NaOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH.
C. NaOOCCH2CH(NH2)CH2COOH.
D. NaOOCCH2CH(NH2)CH2COONa.
Cu 23: iu no sau y SAI?
A. Dung dch amino axit khng lm giy qu tm i mu.
B. Cc amino axit u tan c trong nc.
C. Khi lng phn t ca amino axit gm mt nhm NH2 v mt nhm COOH lun l s l.
D. Hp cht amino axit c tnh lng tnh.
o
Cu 24: Cht X c cng thc phn t C8H15O4N. Cho s phn ng X
C5H7O4NNa2 + CH4O
NaOH, t
+ C2H6O. Bit C5H7O4NNa2 c cu to mch cacbon khng phn nhnh v c nhm NH 2 v tr . Cng
thc cu to c th c ca X l
A. CH3OOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOC2H5.
B. C2H5OOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOCH3.
C. C2H5OOCCH2CH(NH2)CH2COOCH3.

D. C A v B u ng.
Cu 25: C cc dung dch ring bit sau: C6H5NH3Cl (phenylamoni clorua), H2NCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH,
ClH3NCH2COOH, H2NCH2COONa, HOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH. S dung dch c pH < 7 l
A. 2.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 26: Cp cht no ng thi tc dng c vi dung dch HCl v vi dung dch NaOH?
A. H2NCH2COOH v C6H5NH2.
B. CH3COONH4 v C2H5NH2.
C. HCOOH v HCOOH3NCH3.
D. CH3CH(NH2)COOH v C6H5OH.
Cu 27: Hp cht C3H7O2N tc dng c vi NaOH, H2SO4 v khng lm mt mu dung dch Br2 c cng
thc cu to l
A. HCOOH3NCH2CH3.
B. CH2=CHCOONH4.
C. H2NCH2CH2COOH.
D. CH3CH2CH2NO2.
Cu 28: Cht X c cng thc phn t C3H7O2N v lm mt mu dung dch brom. Tn gi ca X l
A. metyl amino axetat.
B. axit amino propionic.
C. axit amino propionic.
D. amoni acrylat.
Cu 29: Cht X c cng thc phn t C 4H9O2N. Bit: X + NaOH Y + CH 4O; Y + HCl (d) Z + NaCl.
Cng thc cu to ca X v Z ln lt l
A. H2NCH2CH2COOCH3 v CH3CH(NH3Cl)COOH.
B. CH3CH(NH2)COOCH3 v CH3CH(NH3Cl)COOH.
C. CH3CH(NH2)COOCH3 v CH3CH(NH2)COOH.
D. H2NCH2COOC2H5 v ClH3NCH2COOH.
Cu 30: Cho cc cht: phenylamoni clorua, alanin, lysin, glyxin, etylamin. S cht lm qu tm i mu l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
P N BI TP Amin Aminoaxit Peptit
1A
2B
3C
4D
5C
6D
7C
8B
9A
10D 11A 12C 13D
14C 15D 16B 17A 18D 19C 20D 21D 22B 23A 24D 25D 26A
27C 28D 29B 30B
AMIN TRONG CC THI H C
Cu 1: (A 2010) Hn hp X gm 1 mol amino axit no mch h v 1 mol amin no, mch h. X c kh nng
phn ng ti a vi 2 mol HCl hoc 2 mol NaOH. t chy hon ton X thu c 6 mol CO 2, x mol H2O v
y mol N2. Cc gi tr x v y tng ng l
A. 7 v 1,0.
B. 8 v 1,5.
C. 8 v 1,0.
D. 7 v 1,5.
Cu 2: (B 2010) t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt amin no, mch h X bng oxi va , thu c 0,5 mol
hn hp Y gm kh v hi. Cho 4,6 gam X tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d), s mol HCl phn ng l
A. 0,3
B. 0,1
C. 0,4
D. 0,2
Cu 3: (B 2010) Trung ha hon ton 8,88 gam mt amin bc mt, mch cacbon khng phn nhnh bng
axit HCl, to ra 17,64 gam mui. Amin c cng thc l
A. H2N[CH2]4NH2. B. CH3CH2CH2NH2. C. H2N[CH2]3NH2. D. H2NCH2CH2NH2.
Cu 4: (A 2009) Cho 10 gam amin n chc X phn ng hon ton vi HCl d, thu c 15 gam mui. S
ng phn cu to ca X l
A. 4.
B. 8.
C. 5.
D. 7.
Cu 5: (A 2009) S ng phn cu to ca amin bc mt c cng cng thc phn t C4H11N l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Cu 6: (C 2008) Cho 5,9 gam amin n chc X tc dng va vi dung dch HCl, sau khi phn ng xy
ra hon ton thu c dung dch Y. Lm bay hi dung dch Y c 9,55 gam mui khan. S cng thc cu
to ng vi cng thc phn t ca X l
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 3.
Cu 7: (C 2008) Cho dy cc cht: C6H5OH (phenol), C6H5NH2 (anilin), H2NCH2COOH, CH3CH2COOH,
CH3CH2CH2NH2. S cht trong dy tc dng c vi dung dch HCl l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 5.
Cu 8: (A 2007) Khi t chy hon ton mt amin n chc X, thu c 8,4 lt kh CO 2, 1,4 lt kh N2 (cc
th tch kh o ktc) v 10,125 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H7N.
B. C2H7N.
C. C3H9N.
D. C4H9N.
Cu 9: (C 2007) Hp cht X c cng thc phn t trng vi cng thc n gin nht, va tc dng c
vi axit va tc dng c vi kim trong iu kin thch hp. Trong phn t X, thnh phn phn trm khi
lng ca cc nguyn t C, H, N ln lt bng 40,449%; 7,865% v 15,73%; cn li l oxi. Khi cho 4,45

gam X phn ng hon ton vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH (un nng) thu c 4,85 gam mui
khan. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH2=CHCOONH4.
B. H2NCOOC2H5.
C. H2NCH2COOCH3.
D. H2NCH2CH2COOH.
Cu 10: (C 2007) trung ha 25 gam dung dch ca mt amin n chc X nng 12,4% cn dng 100
ml dung dch HCl 1M. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H5N.
B. C2H7N.
C. CH5N.
D. C3H7N.
Cu 11: (A 2010) t chy hon ton V lt hi mt amin X bng mt lng oxi va to ra 8V lt hn hp
gm kh cacbonic, kh nit v hi nc (cc th tch kh v hi u o cng iu kin). Amin X tc dng
vi axit nitr nhit thng, gii phng kh nit. Cht X l
A. CH3CH2CH2NH2. B. CH2=CHCH2NH2. C. C2H5NHCH3. D. CH2=CHNHCH3.
Cu 12: (C 2011) Cho cc dung dch: C 6H5NH2 (anilin), CH3NH2, NaOH, C2H5OH v H2NCH2COOH.
Trong cc dung dch trn, s dung dch c th lm i mu phenolphtalein l
A. 4
B. 2
C. 3
D. 5
Cu 13: (B 2011) Ancol v amin no sau y cng bc?
A. (CH3)2CHOH v (CH3)2CHNH2.
B. C6H5NHCH3 v C6H5CH(OH)CH3.
C. (CH3)3COH v (CH3)3CNH2.
D. (C6H5)2NH v C6H5CH2OH.
Cu 14: (A 2012) Hn hp M gm mt anken v hai amin no, n chc, mch h X v Y l ng ng k
tip (MX < MY). t chy hon ton mt lng M cn dng 4,536 lt O2 (ktc) thu c H2O, N2 v 2,24 lt
CO2 (ktc). Cht Y l
A. etyl metyl amin. B. butyl amin.
C. etyl amin.
D. propyl amin.
Cu 15: (A 2012) Cho dy cc cht: C6H5NH2 (1), C2H5NH2 (2), (C6H5)2NH (3), (C2H5)2NH (4), NH3 (5)
(trong C6H5 l gc phenyl). Dy cc cht sp xp theo th t lc baz gim dn l
A. (4), (1), (5), (2), (3).
B. (3), (1), (5), (2), (4).
C. (4), (2), (3), (1), (5).
D. (4), (2), (5), (1), (3).
Cu 16: (C 2012) Cho cc cht: CH 3CH(CH3)NH2 (X) v CH3CH(NH2)COOH (Y). Tn thay th ca X v
Y ln lt l
A. propan2amin v axit amino etanoic.
B. propan1amin v axit amino etanoic.
C. propan2amin v axit 2amino propanoic.
D. propan1amin v axit 2amino propanoic.
Cu 17: (C 2012) Cng thc chung ca amin no, n chc, mch h l
A. CnH2n5N (n 6). B. CnH2n+1N (n 2). C. CnH2n1N (n 2). D. CnH2n+3N (n 1).
Cu 18: (B 2013) Cho 0,76 gam hn hp X gm hai amin n chc, c s mol bng nhau, phn ng hon
ton vi dung dch HCl d, thu c 1,49 gam mui. Khi lng ca amin c phn t khi nh hn trong
0,76 gam X l
A. 0,45 g.
B. 0,38 g.
C. 0,58 g.
D. 0,31 g.
Cu 19: (B 2013) S ng phn amin bc mt, cha vng benzen, c cng cng thc phn t C7H9N l
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Cu 20: (C 2013) Dy gm cc cht c sp theo chiu tng dn lc baz t tri sang phi l
A. Etylamin, amoniac, phenylamin.
B. Etylamin, phenylamin, amoniac.
C. Phenylamin, etylamin, amoniac.
D. Phenylamin, amoniac, etylamin.
Cu 21: (C 2014) Phn trm khi lng nit trong phn t anilin bng
A. 18,67%
B. 12,96%
C. 15,05%
D. 15,73%
Cu 22: (A 2014) C bao nhiu amin bc ba l ng phn cu to ca nhau ng vi cng thc phn t
C5H13N?
A. 5
B. 3
C. 2
D. 4
Cu 23: (B 2014) Cho X, Y, Z, T l cc cht khc nhau trong s bn cht gm: CH 3NH2, NH3, C6H5OH
(phenol), C6H5NH2 (anilin) v cc tnh cht c ghi trong bng sau
Cht
X
Y
Z
T
Nhit si (C)
182
184
6,7
33,4
pH (dung dch nng 0,001M)
6,48
7,82
10,81
10,12
Nhn xt no sau y ng?
A. Y l C6H5OH.
B. Z l CH3NH2.
C. T l C6H5NH2.
D. X l NH3.
Cu 24: (THPTQG 2015) Cht no sau y thuc loi amin bc mt?

A. CH3NH2.
B. (CH3)3N.
C. CH3NHCH3.
D. CH3CH2NHCH3.
Cu 25: (THPTGQ 2015) Hn hp X gm hai cht c cng thc phn t l C 3H12N2O3 v C2H8N2O3. Cho
3,40 gam X phn ng va vi dung dch NaOH (un nng), thu c dung dch Y ch gm cc cht v c
v 0,04 mol hn hp 2 cht hu c n chc (u lm xanh giy qu tm m). C cn Y, thu c m gam
mui
khan.
Gi
tr
ca
m
l
A. 2,76.
B. 2,97.
C. 3,12.
D. 3,36.
Cu 26:
AMINOAXIT V PEPTIT TRONG CC THI H C
Nm 2007
Cu 1: aminoaxit X cha mt nhm NH 2. Cho 10,3 gam X tc dng vi axit HCl (d), thu c 13,95
gam mui khan. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. H2NCH2COOH.
B. H2NCH2CH2COOH.
C. CH3CH2CH(NH2)COOH.
D. CH3CH(NH2)COOH.
Cu 2: Cho hn hp X gm hai cht hu c c cng cng thc phn t C 2H7NO2 tc dng va vi dung
dch NaOH v un nng, thu c dung dch Y v 4,48 lt hn hp Z ktc gm hai kh (u lm xanh giy
qu m). T khi hi ca Z i vi H2 bng 13,75. C cn dung dch Y thu c khi lng mui khan l
A. 16,5 gam.
B. 14,3 gam.
C. 8,9 gam.
D. 15,7 gam.
Cu 3: t chy hon ton mt lng cht hu c X thu c 3,36 lt kh CO 2 v 0,56 lt kh N2 (cc kh o
ktc) v 3,15 gam H2O. Khi X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH thu c sn phm trong c mui H 2N
CH2COONa. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. H2NCH2COOC3H7.
B. H2NCH2COOCH3.
C. H2NCH2CH2COOH.
D. H2NCH2COOC2H5.
Cu 4: Cho cc loi hp cht: aminoaxit (X), mui amoni ca axit cacboxylic (Y), amin (Z), este ca amino
axit (T). Dy gm cc loi hp cht u tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v u tc dng c vi dung
dch HCl l
A. X, Y, Z, T.
B. X, Y, T.
C. X, Y, Z.
D. Y, Z, T.
Cu 5: Mt trong nhng im khc nhau ca protit so vi lipit v glucoz l
A. protit lun l cht hu c no.
B. protit lun cha chc hiroxyl.
C. protit c khi lng phn t ln hn.
D. protit lun cha nit.
Nm 2008
Cu 6: Pht biu KHNG ng l
A. Trong dung dch, H2NCH2COOH cn tn ti dng ion lng cc H3N+CH2COO.
B. Aminoaxit l hp cht hu c tp chc, phn t cha ng thi nhm amino v nhm cacboxyl.
C. Hp cht H2NCH2COOH3NCH3 l este ca glyxin (hay glixin).
D. Aminoaxit l nhng cht rn, kt tinh, tan tt trong nc v c v ngt.
Cu 7: C cc dung dch ring bit sau: C6H5NH3Cl (phenylamoni clorua), H2NCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH,
ClH3NCH2COOH, HOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH, H2NCH2COONa. S lng cc dung dch c pH <
7 l
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Cu 8: Cho cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C2H8O3N2 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH, thu c cht hu
c n chc Y v cc cht v c. Khi lng phn t (theo vC) ca Y l
A. 85.
B. 68.
C. 46.
D. 45.
Cu 9: un nng cht H2NCH2CONHCH(CH3)CONHCH2COOH trong dung dch HCl (d), sau khi
cc phn ng kt thc thu c sn phm l
A. H3N+CH2COOHCl, H3N+CH2CH2COOHCl.
B. H2NCH2COOH, H2NCH2CH2COOH.
C. H3N+CH2COOHCl, H3N+CH(CH3)COOHCl.
D. H2NCH2COOH, H2NCH(CH3)COOH.
Cu 10: Cho 8,9 gam mt hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C 3H7O2N phn ng vi 100 ml dung
dch NaOH 1,5M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, c cn dung dch thu c 11,7 gam cht rn. Cng
thc cu to ca X l
A. H2NCH2COOCH3.
B. HCOOH3NCH=CH2.
C. H2NCH2CH2COOH.
D. CH2=CHCOONH4.
Nm 2009

Cu 11: Cho 1 mol amino axit X phn ng vi dung dch HCl (d), thu c m 1 gam mui Y. Cng 1 mol
amino axit X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH d, thu c m 2 gam mui Z. Bit m 2 m1 = 7,5. Cng thc
phn t ca X l
A. C5H9O4N.
B. C4H10O2N2.
C. C5H11O2N.
D. C4H8O4N2.
Cu 12: Thuc th c dng phn bit GlyAlaGly vi GlyAla l
A. dung dch NaOH.
B. dung dch NaCl.
C. Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim.
D. dung dch HCl.
Cu 13: Hp cht X mch h c cng thc phn t l C 4H9NO2. Cho 10,3 gam X phn ng va vi dung
dch NaOH sinh ra mt cht kh Y v dung dch Z. Kh Y nng hn khng kh, lm giy qu tm m chuyn
mu xanh. Dung dch Z c kh nng lm mt mu nc brom. C cn dung dch Z thu c m gam mui
khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 10,8.
B. 9,4.
C. 8,2.
D. 9,6.
Cu 14: S ipeptit ti a c th to ra t mt hn hp gm alanin v glyxin l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Cu 15: Cho hai hp cht hu c X, Y c cng cng thc phn t l C 3H7NO2. Khi phn ng vi dung dch
NaOH, X to ra H2NCH2COONa v cht hu c Z; cn Y to ra CH2=CHCOONa v kh T. Cc cht Z v T
ln lt l
A. CH3NH2 v NH3.
B. C2H5OH v N2.
C. CH3OH v CH3NH2.
D. CH3OH v NH3.
Cu 16: Cho 0,02 mol amino axit X tc dng va vi 200 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M thu c 3,67 gam
mui khan. Mt khc 0,02 mol X tc dng va vi 40 gam dung dch NaOH 4%. Cng thc ca X l
A. H2NC3H5(COOH)2.
B. (H2N)2C3H5COOH.
C. H2NC2H3(COOH)2.
D. H2NC3H6COOH.
Nm 2010
Cu 17: Pht biu ng l
A. Axit nucleic l polieste ca axit photphoric v glucoz.
B. Khi thy phn n cng cc protein n gin s cho hn hp cc aminoaxit.
C. Khi cho dung dch lng trng trng vo Cu(OH)2 thy xut hin phc mu xanh m.
D. Enzim amilaza xc tc cho phn ng thy phn xenluloz thnh mantoz.
Cu 18: C bao nhiu tripeptit (mch h) khc loi m khi thy phn hon ton u thu c 3 aminoaxit:
glyxin, alanin v phenylalanin?
A. 4.
B. 6.
C. 9.
D. 3.
Cu 19: Cho 0,15 mol H2NC3H5(COOH)2 (axit glutamic) vo 175 ml dung dch HCl 2M, thu c dung
dch X. Cho NaOH d vo dung dch X. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, s mol NaOH phn ng
l
A. 0,65.
B. 0,70.
C. 0,55.
D. 0,50.
Cu 20: Hn hp X gm 1 mol aminoaxit no, mch h v 1 mol amin no, mch h. X c kh nng phn ng
ti a vi 2 mol HCl hoc 2 mol NaOH. t chy hon ton X thu c 6 mol CO 2, x mol H2O v y mol N2.
Cc gi tr x, y tng ng l
A. 8 v 1,5.
B. 7 v 1,5.
C. 7 v 1,0.
D. 8 v 1,0.
Cu 21: Hai hp cht hu c X v Y c cng cng thc phn t l C 3H7NO2, u l cht rn iu kin
thng. Cht X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, gii phng kh. Cht Y c phn ng trng ngng. Cc cht
X v Y ln lt l
A. vinylamoni fomat v amoni acrylat.
B. axit 2aminopropionic v axit 3aminopropionic.
C. axit 2aminopropionic v amoni acrylat.
D. amoni acrylat v axit 2aminopropionic.
Cu 22: Hn hp X gm alanin v axit glutamic. Cho m gam X tc dng hon ton vi dung dch NaOH
(d), thu c dung dch Y cha (m + 30,8) gam mui. Mt khc, nu cho m gam X tc dng hon ton vi
dung dch HCl, thu c dung dch Z cha (m + 36,5) gam mui. Gi tr ca m l
A. 112,2.
B. 171,0.
C. 165,6.
D. 123,8.
Cu 23: ipeptit mch h X v tripeptit mch h Y u c to nn t mt aminoaxit (no, mch h, trong
phn t cha mt nhm NH2 v mt nhm COOH). t chy hon ton 0,1 mol Y, thu c tng khi
lng CO2 v H2O bng 54,9 gam. t chy hon ton 0,2 mol X, sn phm thu c cho li t t qua nc
vi trong d, to ra m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l

A. 45 g.
B. 60 g.
C. 120 g.
D. 30 g.
Cu 24: Thy phn hon ton 1 mol pentapeptit X, thu c 2 mol glyxin (Gly), 1 mol alanin (Ala), 1 mol
valin (Val) v 1 mol phenylalanin (Phe). Thy phn khng hon ton X thu c ipeptit ValPhe v
tripeptit GlyAlaVal nhng khng thu c ipeptit GlyGly. Cht X c cng thc l
A. GlyAlaValPheGly.
B. GlyPheGlyAlaVal.
C. ValPheGlyAlaGly.
D. GlyAlaValValPhe.
Nm 2011
Cu 25: S ng phn amino axit c cng thc phn t C3H7NO2 l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 1.
D. 2.
Cu 26: Thy phn ht m gam tetrapeptit AlaAlaAlaAla (mch h) thu c hn hp gm 28,48 gam
Ala, 32 gam AlaAla v 27,72 gam AlaAlaAla. Gi tr ca m l
A. 111,74.
B. 81,54.
C. 66,44.
D. 90,6.
Cu 27: Khi ni v peptit v protein, pht biu no sau y l SAI?
A. Tt c cc protein u tan trong nc to thnh dung dch keo.
B. Protein c phn ng mu biure vi Cu(OH)2.
C. Lin kt ca nhm CO vi nhm NH gia hai n v amino axit c gi l lin kt peptit.
D. Thy phn hon ton protein n gin thu c cc amino axit.
Cu 28: Dung dch no sau y lm qu tm i thnh mu xanh?
A. Dung dch lysin. B. Dung dch alanin. C. Dung dch glyxin. D. Dung dch valin.
Cu 29: Thy phn hon ton 60 gam hn hp hai ipeptit thu c 63,6 gam hn hp X gm cc amino
axit (cc amino axit ch c mt nhm amino v mt nhm cacboxyl trong phn t). Nu cho 1/10 hn hp X
tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d), c cn cn thn dung dch, th lng mui khan thu c l
A. 7,82 gam.
B. 8,15 gam.
C. 16,3 gam.
D. 7,09 gam
Cu 30: Cho ba dung dch c cng nng mol: (1) H 2NCH2COOH, (2) CH3COOH, (3) CH3CH2NH2. Dy
xp theo th t pH tng dn l
A. 2, 1, 3.
B. 2, 3, 1.
C. 3, 1, 2.
D. 1, 2, 3.
Cu 31: Trong qu gc chn rt giu hm lng
A. caroten
B. ete ca vitamin A C. este ca vitamin A D. vitamin A
Cu 32: Cht hu c X mch h c dng H 2NRCOOR' (R, R' l cc gc hirocacbon), phn trm khi
lng nit trong X l 15,73%. Cho m gam X phn ng hon ton vi dung dch NaOH, ton b lng ancol
sinh ra cho tc dng ht vi CuO un nng c anehit Y (ancol ch b oxi ha thnh anehit). Cho ton b
Y tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 12,96 gam Ag kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 5,34.
B. 4,45.
C. 2,67.
D. 3,56.
Cu 33: Pht biu KHNG ng l
A. Metylamin tan trong nc cho dung dch c mi trng baz.
B. Protein l nhng polipeptit cao phn t c phn t khi t vi chc nghn n vi triu vC.
C. Etylamin tc dng vi axit nitr nhit thng to ra etanol.
D. ipeptit glyxyl alanin (mch h) c 2 lin kt peptit.
Nm 2012
Cu 34: Hn hp X gm 2 amino axit no (ch c nhm chc COOH v NH 2 trong phn t), trong t l
mO : mN = 80 : 21. tc dng va vi 3,83 gam hn hp X cn 30 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Mt khc, t
chy hon ton 3,83 gam hn hp X cn 3,192 lt O 2 (ktc). Dn ton b sn phm chy (CO 2, H2O v N2)
vo nc vi trong d th khi lng kt ta thu c l
A. 20 gam.
B. 13 gam.
C. 10 gam.
D. 15 gam.
Cu 35: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Mui phenylamoni clorua khng tan trong nc.
B. Tt c cc peptit u c phn ng mu biure.
C. H2NCH2CH2CONHCH2COOH l mt ipeptit.
D. iu kin thng, metylamin v imetylamin l nhng cht kh c mi khai.
Cu 36: Dung dch cht no sau y lm qu tm chuyn thnh mu hng?
A. axit aminoglutaric.
B. axit , iaminocaproic.
C. axit aminopropionic.
D. axit aminoaxetic.
Cu 37: un nng m gam hn hp gm a mol tetrapeptit mch h X v 2a mol tripeptit mch h Y vi 600
ml dung dch NaOH 1M va . Sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, c cn dung dch thu c 72,48 gam mui
khan ca cc amino axit u c mt nhm COOH v mt nhm NH2 trong phn t. Gi tr ca m l

A. 66,00.
B. 44,48.
C. 54,30.
D. 51,72.
Cu 38: Cho 21 gam hn hp gm glyxin v axit axetic tc dng va vi dung dch KOH, thu c dung
dch X cha 32,4 gam mui. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch HCl d, thu c dung dch cha m gam mui.
Gi tr ca m l
A. 22,35.
B. 44,65.
C. 33,50.
D. 50,65
Cu 39: Alanin c cng thc l
A. H2NCH2CH2COOH.
B. C6H5NH2.
C. CH3CH(NH2)COOH.
D. H2NCH2COOH.
Cu 40: Cho dy cc cht sau: toluen, phenyl fomat, fructoz, glyxylvalin (GlyVal), etylen glicol, triolein.
S cht b thu phn trong mi trng axit l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 5.
Nm 2013
Cu 41: Cho 100 ml dung dch amino axit X nng 0,4M tc dng va vi 80 ml dung dch NaOH
0,5M, thu c dung dch cha 5 gam mui. Cng thc ca X l
A. H2NC3H6COOH.
B. H2NC3H5(COOH)2.
C. (H2N)2C4H7COOH.
D. H2NC2H4COOH.
Cu 42: Cho X l hexapeptit, AlaGlyAlaValGlyVal v Y l tetrapeptit GlyAlaGlyGlu. Thy phn
hon ton m gam hn hp gm X v Y thu c 4 amino axit, trong c 30 gam glyxin v 28,48 gam
alanin. Gi tr ca m l
A. 77,6.
B. 83,2.
C. 87,4.
D. 73,4.
Cu 43: Dung dch no sau y lm phenolphtalein i mu?
A. glyxin.
B. metylamin.
C. axit axetic.
D. alanin.
Cu 44: Peptit X b thy phn theo phng trnh phn ng X + 2H 2O 2Y + Z (trong Y v Z l cc
amino axit). Thy phn hon ton 4,06 gam X thu c m gam Z. t chy hon ton m gam Z cn va
1,68 lt kh O2 (ktc), thu c 2,64 gam CO2; 1,26 gam H2O v 224 ml kh N2 (ktc). Bit Z c cng thc
phn t trng vi cng thc n gin nht. Tn gi ca Y l
A. glyxin
B. lysin
C. axit glutamic
D. alanin
Cu 45: Amino axit X c phn t khi bng 75. Tn ca X l
A. lysin.
B. alanin.
C. glyxin.
D. valin.
Cu 46: Tripeptit X v tetrapeptit Y u mch h. Khi thy phn hon ton hn hp gm X v Y ch to ra
mt amino axit duy nht c cng thc H2NCnH2nCOOH. t chy 0,05 mol Y trong oxi d, thu c N2 v
36,3 gam hn hp gm CO2 v H2O. t chy 0,01 mol X trong oxi d, cho sn phm chy vo dung dch
Ba(OH)2 d, thu c m gam kt ta. Bit cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton. Gi tr m l
A. 29,55.
B. 17,73.
C. 23,64.
D. 11,82.
Cu 47: Amino axit X c cng thc l H 2NCxHy(COOH)2. Cho 0,1 mol X vo 0,2 lt dung dch H 2SO4 0,5M,
thu c dung dch Y. Cho Y phn ng va vi dung dch gm NaOH 1M v KOH 3M, thu c dung
dch cha 36,7 gam mui. Phn trm khi lng ca nit trong X l
A. 9,524%
B. 10,687%
C. 10,526%
D. 11,966%
Nm 2014
Cu 48: Cho 0,1 mol axit aminopropionic tc dng va vi dung dch HCl, thu c dung dch X. Cho
X tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, thu c dung dch cha m gam mui. Gi tr ca m l
A. 11,10
B. 16,95
C. 11,70
D. 18,75
Cu 49: Thy phn hon ton 4,34 gam tripeptit mch h X (c to nn t hai amino axit c cng
cng thc dng H2NCxHyCOOH) bng dung dch NaOH d, thu c 6,38 gam mui. Mt khc thy phn
hon ton 4,34 gam X bng dung dch HCl d, thu c m gam mui. Gi tr ca m l
A. 6,53.
B. 7,25.
C. 5,06.
D. 8,25.
Cu 50: Pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. Cho Cu(OH)2 vo dung dch lng trng trng th thy xut hin mu vng.
B. Dung dch lysin lm xanh qu tm.
C. Anilin tc dng vi nc Brom to thnh kt ta trng.
D. Dung dch glyxin khng lm i mu qu tm.
Cu 51: Cho cc cht: axit glutamic, saccarozo, metylamoni clorua, vinyl axetat, phenol, glixerol, GlyGly.
S cht tc dng vi dung dch NaOH long, nng l
A. 3.
B. 6
C. 5.
D. 4.

Cu 52: Cho 0,02 mol amino axit X tc dng va vi dung dch cha 0,04 mol NaOH. Mt khc 0,02
mol X tc dng va vi dung dch cha 0,02 mol HCl, thu c 3,67 gam mui. Cng thc ca X l
A. HOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH.
B. H2NCH2CH(NH2)COOH.
C. CH3CH(NH2)COOH.
D. HOOCCH2CH(NH2)COOH.
Cu 53: Hn hp X gm cht Y (C2H8N2O4) v cht Z (C4H8N2O3); trong Y l mui ca axit a chc, Z l
ipeptit mch h. Cho 25,6 gam X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, un nng, thu c 0,2 mol kh. Mt
khc 25,6 gam X tc dng vi dung dch HCl d, thu c m gam cht hu c. Gi tr ca m l
A. 20,15.
B. 31,30.
C. 23,80.
D. 16,95.
Cu 54: Hn hp gm ba peptit u mch h c t l mol tng ng l 1 : 1 : 3. Thy phn hon ton m gam
X, thu c hn hp sn phm gm 14,24 gam alanin, v 8,19 gam valin. Bit tng s lin kt peptit trong
phn t ca ba peptit nh hn 13. Gi tr ca m l
A. 18,83
B. 18,29
C. 19,19
D. 18,47
Cu 55: Amino axit X trong phn t ch cha hai loi nhm chc. Cho 0,1 mol X tc dng va vi 0,2
mol NaOH, thu c 17,7 gam mui. S nguyn t hidro trong phn t X l
A. 9
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8
Cu 56: C bao nhiu tripeptit (mch h) sau khi thy phn hon ton u thu c sn phm gm c alanin
v glyxin?
A. 8
B. 5
C. 7
D. 6
Nm 2015 ( THPTQG)
Cu 57: Amino axit X trong phn t c mt nhm NH 2 v mt nhm COOH. Cho 26,7 gam X phn ng
vi lng d dung dch HCl, thu c dung dch cha 37,65 gam mui. Cng thc ca X l
A. H2N[CH2]2COOH.
B.
H2N[CH2]3COOH.
C. H2N[CH2]4COOH.
D. H2NCH2COOH.
Cu 58: Amino axit X cha mt nhm NH 2 v mt nhm COOH trong phn t. Cht Y l este ca X vi
ancol n chc, MY = 89. Cng thc ca X, Y ln lt l
A. H2NCH2COOH, H2NCH2COOCH3.
B. H2N[CH2]2COOH, H2N[CH2]2COOCH3.
C. H2N[CH2]2COOH, H2N[CH2]2COOC2H5.
D. H2NCH2COOH, H2NCH2COOC2H5.
Cu 59: Cho 0,7 mol hn hp T gm hai peptit mch h l X (x mol) v Y (y mol), u to bi glyxin v
alanin. un nng 0,7 mol T trong lng d dung dch NaOH th c 3,8 mol NaOH phn ng v thu c
dung dch cha m gam mui. Mt khc, nu t chy hon ton x mol X hoc y mol Y th u thu c cng
s mol CO2. Bit tng s nguyn t oxi trong hai phn t X v Y l 13, trong X v Y u c s lin kt peptit
khng nh hn 4. Gi tr ca m l
A. 396,6.
B. 409,2.
C. 340,8.
D. 399,4.
P N AMIN TRONG H C
1A
2D
3C
4B
5A
6B
7C
8C
9C
10C 11A 12B 13B
14C 15D 16C 17D 18D 19D 20D 21C 22B 23B 24A 25A 26
P N AMINOAXIT TRONG H C
1C
2B
3B
4B
5D
6C
7D
8D
9C
10A 11A 12C 13B
14D 15D 16A 17B 18B 19A 20C 21D 22A 23C 24A 25D 26B
27A 28A 29A 30A 31A 32C 33D 34B 35D 36B 37D 38B 39C
40A 41A 42B 43B 44A 45C 46B 47C 48B 49B 50A 51C 52A
53B 54C 55B 56D 57A 58A 59A 60