Framo

Cargo Pumps

No. 1000-0121-401
Rev.C 14Oct10/AGAa

Operation manual

SD100
SD125
SD150
SD200
SD250
SD300
SD350

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

No.
Date/Sign.:
Page:
Rev. C:

1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
2 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

CONTENTS
1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................... 2
1.1 Top plate ........................................................................................................................ 2
1.2 Pipe stack ...................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Pump head .................................................................................................................... 2
2 OPERATING INFORMATION .................................................................................................. 4
2.1 Discharging .................................................................................................................... 4
2.2 Running of pumps in parallel ......................................................................................... 6
2.3 Stripping ........................................................................................................................ 8
2.4 Purging of cofferdam ................................................................................................... 11
2.5 Precautions to be taken when handling special types of cargoes ............................... 14
2.6 Tank cleaning / cleaning of pump ................................................................................ 15
2.7 Precautions if using cargo pumps in sea water ........................................................... 16
2.8 Loading of cargo tank .................................................................................................. 17
3 MAINTENANCE INFORMATION ........................................................................................... 18
4 TROUBLE SHOOTING........................................................................................................... 18

Reference to associated instructions

1000-0109-4: Interchange of pump control valve
1375-0027-4: Service manual for Pump control valve (STC)

1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The Framo cargo pump is a hydraulically driven single stage centrifugal pump with parts exposed to
cargo in stainless steel as standard material. The pump is installed in the cargo tank with suction inlet
at the bottom of the tank.

1.1 Top plate

The cargo pump is supported by a deck trunk welded to the deck. All the connections are at the top
cover plate, to which the pump control valve STC (Speed Torque Controller) is also mounted. This
control valve for remote and local operation of the cargo pump regulates the inlet pressure to the
hydraulic motor. Thereby the pump speed can be regulated step less from 0 to max. speed.

1.2 Pipe stack

The pipe stack connects the pump head to the top plate by a cargo pipe and a hydraulic section. In
addition the stripping pipe, the check pipe and eventually temp. sensor pocket and vacuum drain pipe
are integrated in the pipe stack.

1.3 Pump head

The pump head is welded or flanged to the pipe stack/casing and supported by the bottom support.
The hydr. motor is located inside the pump head and surrounded by low pressure hydraulic oil.
The short shaft, supported by bearings lubricated by hydraulic oil, is connected to a single-stage
impeller. The hydraulic section is surrounded by a cofferdam that completely segregates the hydraulic
oil from the cargo. Leakages to the cofferdam chamber will be purged through the cofferdam check
pipe and collected in the exhaust trap when cofferdam is purged.
The seal arrangement consists of a mechanical oil seal, single cofferdam lip seal and a cargo seal.
The cargo seal is only exposed to static head from the cargo.
The backstop unit installed on the shaft enables the pump to be used as a drop line.
Wear rings are fitted between the impeller and the volute casing.

No.
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Rev. C:

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

Local control valve

Cargo
purging valve

Manometer
Pump control valve (STC)
Cargo
Discharge valve
Cofferdam purging connection

Stripping valve
Top plate
Deck trunk

Exhaust trap

Flexible suspension

Cofferdam check pipe

Cargo stripping pipe
Hydraulic Pipestack
Cargo pipe

Cofferdam pipe
Hydraulic pressure pipe
Hydraulic return pipe

Cofferdam
surrounding
hydraulic section

Bearings

Hydraulic motor

Mechanical
oil seal
Back stop unit
Cargo seal set
Volute casing
Wear rings
Impeller

Fig. 1

1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
3 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

No.
Date/Sign.:
Page:
Rev. C:

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
4 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

2 OPERATING INFORMATION
This procedure describes the normal operation of the cargo pumps. Certain cargoes require special
handling procedures for safe handling. In addition to this operation procedure charters instruction,
Material Safety Data sheet and any ATC instructions shall be taken into consideration during cargo
operation and handling.

2.1 Discharging
To get maximum lifetime of the pumps, operate
the pumps within the operation range.
125%

Head H

100%
75%

OPERATION
RANGE

50%

100% dp

OPTIMUM
OPERATION
RANGE

80% dp

60% dp

25%
20% dp

0
0

25%

50%

40% dp

75%

5) Increase hydraulic
motor pressure until
required discharge
pressure or
capacity is
achieved.
300

Manifold
pressure

Discharge
pressure

1P

225

125%

100%

Note!
Avoid running pumps against closed cargo valve
with high discharge pressure for a longer period.

150

Flow Q

Check that the hydraulic system is started and

enough hydraulic power is available.
Operation of pump from cargo control panel:
1) Local control valve and cargo discharge valve
must be in closed position.
Cargo discharge valve, CLOSED

0
BAR

ON

Note!
Check that the system pressure is about 20 bar
above the motor pressure of the highest
consumer.
6) End of discharging
When the tank is close to empty reduce pumping
capacity to avoid loss of suction.
Reduced capacity
This is indicated by
a hunting hydraulic
pressure, and
should be avoided.
Empty the cargo
tank at reduced
hydraulic motor
pressure.

Cargo purging valve

CLOSED
(Purging hose disconnected)

Local control
valve, CLOSED

75

HP service valve, OPEN

Only to be closed when carrying
out service work on the pump.

1P

300

Stripping valve, CLOSED

225
150

2) Start the pump and let it run

with hydraulic motor
pressure at approx 50 bar
for 1 minute.

3) Increase hydraulic
motor pressure
until the cargo
discharge pressure
is above cargo
manifold pressure.

Manifold
pressure

1P

75

300

225

BAR

ON

150
75
0
BAR

ON

Start

Discharge
pressure

7) When the cargo tank is empty the hydraulic

motor pressure will drop.
Reduced capacity
Close cargo
discharge valve
and stop
the pump
(handle in
minimum
position).
1P

300
225
150

1P

75

300

225

BAR

ON

150
75

8) If the pump is to be restarted, relieve the

vacuum in pump cargo pipe as described in
chapter 2.3, Stripping (page 9).

0
BAR

4) Open cargo
discharge valve.

ON

OPEN

No.
Date/Sign.:
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Rev. C:

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
5 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

Operation of pump from local control valve:

1) Open local control valve (by turning counter
clockwise). Cargo discharge valve must be in
closed position.
Cargo discharge valve, CLOSED
Cargo purging valve
CLOSED
(Purging hose disconnected)

HP service valve, OPEN

Local control
valve, OPENED

Only to be closed when carrying

out service work on the pump.

6) Increase hydraulic motor pressure until

required discharge pressure or capacity is
achieved.
7) End of discharging
When the tank is close to empty reduce
pumping capacity to avoid loss of suction.
This is indicated by a hunting hydraulic
pressure, and should be avoided. Empty the
cargo tank at reduced hydraulic motor
pressure.
Reduced capacity

Stripping valve, CLOSED

2) Set the remote control

handle in maximum position.
(Remote control closed)

200
100

300

3) Start the pump by

closing the local
control valve
(turn clockwise)
and let it run with
hydraulic motor
pressure 50 bar
for approx. 1 minute.

300

bar

400

4) Increase hydraulic motor pressure (turn the

local control valve clockwise) until the cargo
discharge pressure is above cargo manifold
pressure.
Manifold pressure

400

8) When the cargo tank is empty the hydraulic

motor pressure will drop. Close cargo
discharge valve and stop the pump by opening
the local control valve (by turning counter
clockwise).

200

100

bar

Open local
control valve
CLOSE

Discharge pressure

9) Reset for remote control

operation:
Set the remote control
handle in minimum
position (remote control
open) and close the
local control valve.
5) Open cargo
discharge valve

OPEN

1P
300
225
150
75
0
BAR

ON

10) If the pump is to be restarted, relieve

the vacuum in pump cargo pipe as
described in chapter 2.3, Stripping
(page 9).

No.
Date/Sign.:
Page:
Rev. C:

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
6 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

2.2 Running of pumps in parallel

This is a general description for running pumps
in parallel.

5) Open cargo discharge

valve.
(Ref. fig 31, pos. A-B)

OPEN

1) Local control valve and cargo discharge valve

must be in closed position.
Cargo discharge valve, CLOSED
Cargo purging valve
CLOSED
(Purging hose disconnected)

HP service valve, OPEN

Local control
valve, CLOSED

6) Start offloading and raise the hydraulic

motor pressure command to maximum
(fig.31, pos C).

Only to be closed when carrying

out service work on the pump.

Manifold pressure
Discharge pressure

Note!
Handle in
maximum
position.

Stripping valve, CLOSED

1P
300

225
150

2) Start the hydraulic

system and set the
system pressure to
about 100-150 bar.
(Depending on piping
system, cargo sp.gr.,
visc. etc.)

75

SYSTEM PRESSURE

100

PRESSURE SET

400

bar

3) Start the first pump and

let it run with hydraulic
motor pressure at approx.
50 bar for
1 minute.

7) Start the second

cargo pump against
closed cargo
discharge valve as
described in step 3.

2P
300
225
150
75
0
BAR

ON

Start

1P
300
225
150
75
0
BAR

ON

Start

Manifold
pressure

ON

200
300

Also see performance diagram for actual pump.

4) Increase hydraulic
motor pressure
until the cargo
discharge
pressure is above
cargo manifold
pressure.
(Ref.
fig. 31 pos. A)

0
BAR

8) Check that pump discharge pressure is

higher than manifold pressure. If necessary
adjust the motor pressure until the cargo
discharge pressure is just above cargo
manifold pressure and then open cargo
discharge valve.
Manifold pressure

Discharge
pressure

Discharge
pressure

Note!
Handle in
maximum
position.
1P

2P

300
300

225

225

150

150
75

75

0
BAR

0
BAR

ON

ON

9) Start offloading and raise the hydraulic motor

pressure command to maximum (the handle
in maximum position).
Verify that the ullage in the tank is increasing.

No.
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Rev. C:

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL
10) Start the next pumps, one by one, following
the same procedure, ref. fig. 31 pos. E-F.
Ensure that enough hydraulic power is
available for the pumps to be run in parallel.

1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
7 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

13) When a cargo tank becomes empty, close

the cargo discharge valve and stop the
pump (handle in minimum position).

11) Increase the hydraulic system pressure until

required discharge pressure or capacity is
achieved, ref. fig. 31 pos G-H-I.
12) During parallel pumping with differences in
tank ullage and pressure losses in deck
piping it is sometimes required to readjust
the hydraulic motor pressure on some of the
cargo pumps to adjust individual capacities.

1P
300
225
150
75
0
BAR

ON

Stop

Discharge pressure

Manifold pressure

14) If the pump is to be restarted, relieve the

vacuum in pump cargo pipe as described
in chapter 2.3, Stripping (page 9).
SYSTEM PRESSURE

100

200
300

400

bar

4P

3P

2P

1P

300

300

300

300

225

225

225

225

150

150

150

150

75

75

75

BAR

BAR

ON

75

0
BAR

ON

0
BAR

ON

ON

A)
125%

A-B) Open cargo discharge valve.

100%

Head H

Increase hydraulic motor pressure.

Cargo discharge valve closed.

75%

100% dp

C) Increase hydraulic motor pressure.

80% dp

50%

60% dp

Pressure loss
discharge system

40% dp

25%

D) Open cargo discharge valve - 2 pumps.

E)

Open cargo discharge valve - 3 pumps.

F)

Open cargo discharge valve - 4 pumps.

20% dp

0
0

50%

25%

75%

100%

125%

Flow Q

Typical capacity/head diagram

for one cargo pump running

G-I) Increase hydraulic system pressure

(4 pumps running).

125%

Pressure loss
discharge system

I
100%

Head H

75%

A
50%

25%

0
0

25%

50%

75%

100%

Typical capacity/head diagram for four cargo pumps running

Fig. 31

125%

Flow Q

No.
Date/Sign.:
Page:
Rev. C:

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
8 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

2.3 Stripping

The pump impeller acts as a non-return valve,

preventing cargo from returning to tank. If the pump
speed (hydraulic motor pressure) is too low, cargo will
flow through the impeller back to the tank.

8
Purging medium pressure
in cargo pipe (bar g)

Stripping is to remove remaining cargo in pump cargo

pipe upon completion of the discharge operation.
The stripping is done by running the pump locally at
reduced hydraulic motor pressure against closed
discharge valve while purging the pump cargo pipe.
The remaining cargo is then purged into the deck line
through the stripping valve.

Minimum required hydraulic pressure to prevent

backflow through impeller

6
4
2
0
60

80
100
Hydr. motor pressure (bar)

Fig. 32

The arrangement of deck piping must be taken into

consideration when stripping. Optimal procedure for
tank stripping to be based on experience on board.
The best stripping result is obtained when stripping
against lowest possible backpressure. At increased
back pressure cargo flow is reduced, and stripping time
is increased. High cargo viscosity will also increase
stripping time.

120

Cargo deck line

back pressure
Cargo purging valve/
connection (B)

Cargo discharge
valve (D)

Purging
medium
supply (A)

Examples:
Stripping
valve (C)

Purging press. - Static head - Back press. = Available purging

pressure

I 7 bar
II 7 bar
8

2 bar
2 bar

0 bar
3 bar

=
=

5 bar
2 bar

Pressure (bar)

Available
purging
pressure

6
5
4

Purging
medium
pressure

Local
control valve
Static
head

Purging medium
pressure
Pump
cargo pipe

Available
purging
pressure

Back
pressure

3
2

Static head

Static head
Flow

Reduced stripping flow at

increased back pressure

Stripping flow at
min. back pressure

Stripping pipe

Fig. 33
Estimated time to empty the pump cargo pipe
(Backpressure 0 bar(g), 1cSt, spgr. 1.0) *

SD100 / SD125 / SD150

2 4 min.

SD200 / SD300

4 7 min

SD350

8 9 min

Fig. 34

* Time will be influenced by pump length, back pressure, piping system, type of suction well, cargo,
purging medium pressure etc.

No.
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Rev. C:

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
9 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

Stripping procedure
Preparations
Purging of cargo deck line

Relieving vacuum in pump cargo pipe

A
Purging
medium
supply

D CLOSED

1) When the tank is

empty, close cargo
discharge valve(D)
and stop the pump.

CLOSED

OPEN

Purging
medium
supply

Relieving deck line pressure

A

OPEN

CLOSED

2) Connect purging hose

to the purging medium
supply (A) and cargo
purging valve (B).

CLOSED

4) Close the cargo purging

valve (B).

CLOSED

C OPEN/CLOSE

5) Purge the cargo

deck line either
to terminal line,
slop tank or
other cargo tank
in accordance with
ships procedure.
Close the manifold
valve.

3) Relieve vacuum in
pump cargo pipe by
opening valves at
purging medium supply
(valve A and B).

Pump
stopped

CLOSED

B CLOSED

6) Relieve the deck

line pressure into
the tank by open
and close
stripping valve (C).

Note!
Purging medium
pressure in the hose
must always be
higher than the
pressure in the
cargo pipe.

Stripping
CLOSED
Purging
medium
supply

7) Start the pump by using the local control valve, and

increase hydraulic pump pressure to 90-120 bar.

A
B

CLOSED

CLOSED

C OPEN

Note!
Optimum hydraulic pressure depends on cargo specific
gravity and viscosity, purging medium pressure, static
head etc., and must be based on experience on board.

8) Open stripping valve (C)

9) Open cargo purging valve (B) to start the stripping.
10) Continue stripping until pump cargo pipe is empty, identified by frequent speed variations
of pump.
Note! Do not run the pump unnecessary during stripping.
11) Close stripping valve (C) and valve at cargo purging connection (B).
12) Stop the cargo pump.
13) If necessary, purge the cargo deck line and repeat the stripping sequence.
14) Close valve (A) and disconnect purging medium hose.

Pump running

Alternatively the pump can be stripped into a slop tank through a dedicated deck line.
It is also possible to strip to a cargo deck line at low manifold pressure, however
stripping time will increase with increased cargo pressure.

Fig. 35

No.
Date/Sign.:
Page:
Rev. C:

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
10 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

Water test procedure according to Marpol Annex II

Test hose
Min. 75mm

Ensure that the cargo tank to be tested and its

associated piping have been cleaned and that
the cargo tank is safe for entry.

Manifold
valve

Provide 100kPa (1 atmosphere) back

pressure at the cargo tanks unloading
manifold, see fig. 36.

10m

Cargo piping

Fig. 36 Suggested back pressure manifold arrangement

- Fill the cargo tank with water to a depth necessary to carry out normal end of discharge operation.
Water test with sea water must be followed by a thoroughly rinse with fresh water to remove
chlorides.
- Purge and relieve pressure in cargo piping according to Stripping procedure step 1 to 6.
- Follow the normal stripping procedure.
Start timing when cargo purging valve is opened, ref. step 9. Stop timing when stripping valve
is closed, ref. step 11.
- The time taken to be recorded.
- Residues to be collected and measured.
Note! Residues in cargo deck line to be measured separately.
Log the results
Tank no

Residues (liter)
In suction well On tank top

Duration (sec)
Water residues
in tank after
water test.

Fig. 37

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

No.
Date/Sign.:
Page:
Rev. C:

1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
11 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

2.4 Purging of cofferdam

This procedure describes purging of submerged cargo
pumps with dry cofferdam. (For submerged cargo pumps
with liquid filled cofferdam, refer to instruction 1000-0102-4.)

CLOSED
Vent. line
CLOSED
CLOSED
CLOSED
Drain valve

The cargo pump cofferdam is essential for segregation of the

pump hydraulic section from the cargo and for seal
monitoring. Purging to be carried out at regular intervals for
the purpose of:
- Leakage rate detection
- Condition monitoring of the shaft seal system
- Avoid that leakages are blocking the cofferdam

Flexible hose with

snap-on coupling

Cofferdam purging connection

Purging medium supply
Relief valve
Exhaust trap

Purging
medium

How to purge the cofferdam

CAUTION:
Exhaust gas and liquid may be hazardous.
Wear safety gear and avoid contact with drain from exhaust
trap and venting line.

Preparation:
1) Place a suitable container underneath the exhaust trap to
collect the leakage.

Exhaust gas

2) Check that drain valve at bottom of exhaust trap is not

blocked.

Container to
collect the leakage

3) Drain the purging medium supply line for condensed

water.
4) Connect purging hose (max. supply pressure 7 bar).

Purging:

Cofferdam
check pipe

5) Start the purging by opening the valve at purging medium

supply line.
Note!
A relief valve is fitted at cofferdam purging connection. This
is set at 3-3,5 bar to limit the purging pressure for protection
of the pump seals. A small leakage from the relief valve is
normal when liquid is purged from cofferdam. The valve will
also open if the cofferdam is blocked.
6) Check that exhaust gas is coming out of the exhaust trap
vent line (to verify that cofferdam is open).
CAUTION! Exhaust gas and liquid watch out !
7) Purge cofferdam in several sequences if required.
Drain exhaust trap between each sequence.
8) Disconnect purging hose.
Fig. 38

9) Close exhaust trap drain valve.

10) Log the amount of leakage, -evaluate the result.
Note! For handling special cargoes, ref. chapter 2.5.

No.
Date/Sign.:
Page:
Rev. C:

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
12 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

Purging intervals, - logging of purging result

LOADING
1.

VOYAGE

Shortly before
loading.

DISCHARGE

1.

1-2 days after loading.

1.

Shortly before
discharging.

2.

If no leakage at step 1, purge every fortnight.

2.

Shortly after
discharging.

3.

If leakage is detected at step 1, or at a later stage

during the voyage, purge this pump every day.

4.

If pumps are used for cargo circulation during the

voyage, the cofferdam must be purged before start
and after stop.

Note! Neglecting of purging can result in a blocked cofferdam and lack of leakage control.
The purging form should be filled in with the results from every purging operation. Each horizontal
line in the form represents one cargo in one tank from loading till discharging. If a ship loads and
discharges some tanks more frequently than other, an extra form should be filled in for those
tanks.

Tank no.

Type of
cargo

Date of
purging

RESULT:
If no leakage, write OK.
If leakage, write amount of leakage in litres and
type of leakage.
(Example: 1H= 1 litre hydraulic oil, 1C= 1 litre cargo,
1 H/C= 1 litre mixture of hydraulic oil and cargo).

Open cofferdam:
Yes= air or liquid coming through
No = blocked cofferdam

Note action taken new parts installed etc.

PURGING ROUTINE FOR FRAMO SUBMERGED CARGO PUMPS

SHIP NAME:__________________________________

VOYAGE NO.: __________________________________

NOTE:

Elec tronic c opy: purging@framo.no

If paper copy: Frank Mohn Servic es AS
Ship owner: Elec tronic/ Paper copy

In "Result" column:
H = hydr. oil
C = cargo
W= water condensate

In "Open cofferdam" column:

Yes = air or liquid coming through
No = Blocked cofferdam

Tank
No.

Signed by:

Cargo

Shortly
before loading
Date

Chief Offic er

Result

Open Date
cofferdam

B
1-2 days
after loading
Result

If no leakage at A go to C.
If leakage at A purge this pump
every day
Open Date Result Open Average
coffercofferresult
dam
dam

Chief Engineer

Shortly
before unloading

Shortly
after unloading

Date

Result

Open Date
cofferdam

Result

Open
cofferdam

For long voyages with

"no leakage at A"
purge at least every
fortnight.
State action taken,
new parts installed, etc.

Pumpman

Fig. 39 Example of FRAMO purging form

Filled in purging form to be sent to Ship owner and to Framo (purging@framo.no).

(Green copy for the ship, red copy for the Ship owner and white copy for Framo.)
Ships crew to evaluate the purging results and to take necessary action however in case the
ships crew needs advice, contact a Framo Service Station.

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

No.
Date/Sign.:
Page:
Rev. C:

1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
13 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

Evaluation of the purging result

Cargo leakage

Hydraulic oil leakage

A small leakage rate of up to about 0.5 l/day

(and higher with light cargoes) during pump
operation is normal.

Hydraulic oil in the cofferdam normally

indicates shaft seal leakage, but might come
from flange face seals in pipe stack/ pump
head or damage in the pipe stack/pump head.

Acceptable leakage rate depends on the type of

cargo and possible consequences in case of
leakage.
- Risk for clogging of pump cofferdam
Cargoes like naphtha, condensate etc.
penetrates the shaft seals more easily than
lubricating oils, vegetable oils and other viscous
cargoes.
It is therefore recommended to carefully monitor
the leakage rate over a period of time,
preferable with different type of cargoes.
For critical cargoes, when the leakage rate is
about 2 litres/day or higher, the pump must be
purged a couple of times daily and service
(pressure test-repair) carried out at first
opportunity.
Intensify the purging if the leakage rate is
exceeding acceptable limits. If this is not
sufficient to keep the leakage under control it
must, depending on the nature of the cargo, be
considered to discharge the tank using the
portable pump.

A small leakage rate into the cofferdam up to

about 10 ml/h (0.25 l/day) from the mechanical
oil seal or lip seal during pump operation is
normal. For short periods of time, higher
leakage peaks can occur.
If the leakage rate is increasing above
acceptable level, the pump must be purged a
couple of times daily and inspected as soon
as possible to find the reason for the leakage.
Intensify the purging if the leakage rate is
increasing above the acceptable level. If this
is not keeping the leakage under control,
close the hydraulic service valve. Depending
of the nature of the cargo consider to use the
portable pump to discharge the cargo.

Blocked cofferdam
In general we do not recommend operating
the cargo pump with blocked cofferdam.
For advice, depending of type of cargo etc.,
contact a Framo Service Station.

Cargo leakage to cofferdam normally indicates

shaft seal leakage. But the leakage might come
from flange connections or damage (cracks/pin
holes) in pump/pipe stack (ref. chapter 4,
Trouble shooting).
The development of a cargo leakage can be
monitored if purging is done according to
instructions. Thereby maintenance work can be
planned, and unexpected shut down due to
leakage can be avoided.

Note!

Always remember to pressure test the cofferdam with 3 bar to locate the leakage prior to any
dismantling of the cargo pump.

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

No.
Date/Sign.:
Page:
Rev. C:

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2.5 Precautions to be taken when handling special types of cargoes

The main rule is to have the cofferdam clean, dry and vented to atmosphere through the exhaust trap
vent line, in order to detect leakages easily. However, when handling certain groups of cargoes it may be
an advantage to fill the cofferdam with liquid to improve the seal lifetime and to avoid solidifying cargo
blocking the cofferdam. Recommended type of liquid to be filled into the cofferdam for some groups of
cargoes is given below.
This is a general advice, only experience can define which liquid gives the best result for the great
number of different types of cargoes.
Acid cargoes
After discharging and purging is finished, it
may be an advantage to circulate fresh
water through the cofferdam to remove all
residues after a leakage.

Phenol, caustic soda etc.

A circulation of hot water through the cofferdam
can avoid clogging.
Note! Remember that some of these types of
cargoes are very hazardous.

Polymerising cargoes. (TDI, MDI)

Fill cofferdam with dioctyl phthalate(DOP) to
limit the risk of blocking the cofferdam.

Heated oil products (fuel oil, crude oil)

Fill cofferdam with diesel oil/white spirit to keep
any leakage into cofferdam in liquid form. (This is
especially important after stripping and during
tank cleaning.)

Crystallizing cargoes (molasses, etc.)

Fill cofferdam with fresh water. The
cofferdam may also be arranged with a
small water circulation.
CLOSED

Filling

Vent. line

To fill liquid in the cofferdam, disconnect the

exhaust trap piping from the pump top plate. Using
a suitable adapter, fill the liquid through the
cofferdam check pipe. Open the purging connection
to ventilate the cofferdam during filling. (Connect an
open female coupling or similar).

CLOSED

CLOSED

Open purging
connection

Fig. 40

A circulation of liquid through the cofferdam can

be arranged in the following way:
- Connect liquid supply to the purging connection.
The supply line must also be equipped with a
valve to regulate the liquid flow.
- Open drain valve on the exhaust trap, and
collect the return liquid here.

CLOSED

OPEN
CLOSED

CLOSED

Liquid
return

Liquid
supply

Flexible hose with

snap-on coupling

Circulation

Valve for
regulation of flow

Fig. 41

Note!
When filling or circulating liquid in the cofferdam,
it is important that the hydraulic oil return pressure
always is higher than the pressure in the cofferdam.
This is especially important on hydraulic systems
with non-pressurised return line.

Solidifying cargoes (in cargo tanks with heating coils)

To prevent the cargo to get solid (freeze) inside the suction well, circulate the cargo at intervals by
starting the cargo pump.

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Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
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14Oct10/AGAa

2.6 Tank cleaning / cleaning of pump

For viscous/solidifying cargoes
During tank cleaning the pump should be run at
approximately the same flow rate as cleaning
water / liquid supply.
Halfway the tank cleaning time close the cargo
discharge valve, open the stripping valve and
operate pump for a short period in order to get
a good cleaning of wear rings, seal rings,
pumps parts and stripping pipe.
Then open the cargo discharge valve and run
the pump to complete the tank cleaning
operation.
Cleaning water left in pump's cargo pipe is to
be stripped as described in chapter 2.3.

Note!
Remains of cleaning water in suction well to be
removed to avoid galvanic corrosion.

Suction well
empty

Galvanic
cell

For corrosive cargoes

Tanks to be cleaned should be filled with a
large amount of cleaning water to dilute the
corrosive cargo.
After tank flushing the same cleaning procedure
as for viscous / solidifying cargoes should be
followed.

Fig. 42

Note!
If steam is used to clean the pump, the steaming
out period must not exceed 10 minutes, to avoid
damage of seals or hydraulic motor. Always
purge the cofferdam before tank washing with
steam.
Note!
If using sea water or brackish water for tank
cleaning, see chapter 2.7.

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

No.
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1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
16 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

2.7 Precautions if using cargo pumps in sea water

Seawater tank cleaning (Continuous circulation)
Seawater temp. oC

The nominal corrosion rate for stainless steel in sea

water is low. However, under certain circumstances,
local corrosive attack can take place and the corrosion
rate might be severe. High chloride concentrations and
low pH increase the probability of pitting and crevice
corrosion as do high temperatures and stagnant
solutions. Tank cleaning using sea water must
therefore be carried out according to qualified
procedure.

Tank cleaning

80
70
60
50
40

2
Max. exposure time, hours

Fig. 43

- In general the tank cleaning should be carried out

within limited time frame at temperature below 60C.
Higher temperature up to 80C can be used for a
shorter period. (Fig. 43, for guidance only.)
- Avoid pH values below 6,5. Check carefully if the
ship has been carrying acids.
- If hot seawater is used, cool immediately with cold
seawater until surface temp. is below 40C before
fresh water rinse. This to avoid concentration of
chlorides from evaporation on hot steel surfaces.
- Tank cleaning with seawater must be followed
by a thoroughly rinse with fresh water to remove
chlorides.

Seawater temp. oC

Sea water for heavy ballast

40

- When possible, take clean seawater in open sea

and avoid contaminated harbour water.

Ballast

30

- Empty the tanks as soon as possible when the

ballast is no longer required or when the testing is
finished.

20
10

4
6
8
10
Max. exposure time, days

Fig. 44

12

- Carefully clean the tank and the pump to ensure no

chlorides remain on surfaces.

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

No.
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08Jun98/AGAa
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14Oct10/AGAa

2.8 Loading of cargo tank

In general it is recommended to start the loading slowly to avoid pressure surges in the cargo pipe line
and the pump. Correct operation of valves is important. Open / close valves slowly !
If a separate drop line is installed,
it is recommended to load through
the drop line only.

Cargo discharge valve

CLOSED
Cargo line
Loading pressure
Max. 8 bar

OPEN valve
Drop line

If required to load through the pump,

use following procedure:
Note! For sampling procedures,
ref. charterer's requirements.
- Keep manifold valve closed until
the cargo reach the manifold.
- Open manifold valve partly to fill
cargo line on deck.
- Open cargo pump discharge valve
and drop line valve slowly.
- Open manifold valve slowly until
required pressure/capacity is reached.

Fig. 45 Arrangement with separate drop line

Note! Maximum acceptable loading

pressure when loading through
the pump is 8 bar at the pump
top plate.

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

No.
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1000-0121-401
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18 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

3 MAINTENANCE INFORMATION
Prior to entering a cargo tank for doing
service it is essential to become familiar
with the ship's safety rules and
requirements regarding cargo-handling
equipment. Do not enter a cargo tank before
the tank is confirmed gas free and safe.
Before doing service on pump, always close
and lock the hydraulic pressure inlet valve
and purge the cofferdam. Purge cofferdam
according to chapt.2.4.

Caution: Venting gas and liquid may be

hazardous.
To prevent skidding and minimize the risk of
fire it is important to remove oil spill during
maintenance and servicing work. The
operator should be confident that all flange
connections are in satisfactory condition so
as to prevent hydraulic oil and cargo spills.

Close the cargo discharge valve. Ensure

that the valve is in closed position until the
work/service is finished (info sign to be
placed at the control panel/computer).

4 TROUBLE SHOOTING
Warning: To prevent damage from hazardous cargoes, take necessary precautions, wear safety
gear and avoid contact with spray/gases.
Symptom:

Possible reason:

Remedy: *)

COP operational problem

(First it is necessary to
verify if the problem is in
the pump control system
or in the pump unit itself).

General

Ref. system service manual - Trouble shooting

section

The pump will not start

a) Cargo pump remote

control system failure

a) Ref. instruction for Pump remote control

b) Pump control valve

failure

b) Ref. Instruction for Pump control valve (STC)

c) Pump impeller stuck.

Pump is vibrating heavily

Too low pumping capacity

c1)Frozen /solidified cargo

c1) Heat the cargo in the pump suction well.

c2)Foreign objects stuck in

pump or other
mechanical problem

c2) Pump unit to be inspected.

a) Control system problem

a) Ref. instr. for Pump control system.

b) Rotating parts out of

balance.

b) Impurities stuck in impeller or other

mechanical problem.

a) Control system problem

a) Ref. instr. for Pump control system and instr.

for Pump control valve.
(If required interchange pump control valve
as described in instr. 1000-0109-4)

b) Worn wear rings.

Impurities stuck in
impeller, or other
mechanical problem

b) Pump unit to be inspected

*) Ref. instruction for maintenance and repair for actual pump.

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

Symptom:

Possible reason:

No.
Date/Sign.:
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Rev. C:

1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
19 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

Remedy: *)
Check hydraulic motor inlet pressure
pressure above 15-20 bar indicates
malfunctioning back stop unit.

Noise(non return valve)

and vibration when loading
through the pump.
Damaged back stop unit

Change back stop unit.

Contact a Framo Service Station.

Not possible to purge the

cofferdam (no air, inert gas
or liquid coming out of the
check pipe when purging)
(See also chapter 2.4)

a) No or insufficient
purging medium supply
b) Blocked cofferdam
system

Note!
In case steam is used in
attempt to clear a blockage
in pump cofferdam system
pay special attention not to
over pressurize the
pump/pipe stack

a) Check valves, hose connections and

purging medium relief valve (open at approx.
3 bar).
b) Check the exhaust trap and the piping on
deck for blockage. Open if possible.

b1) Disconnect check pipe from pump unit

(lower seal house) watch out for possible
pressurized liquid in cofferdam!!
By carefully purging check if the blockage is
located in the check pipe or in the pump/
pipe stack cofferdam.
Depending on the nature of the medium
blocking the cofferdam system use steam or
solvent to dissolve the blockage.
Dismantling of pump might be required.

Note! Pressure test pump after assembly.

Cargo leakage to pump
cofferdam.
(See also chapter 2.4)

General
Note!
Always pressure test pump
prior to and after
dismantling. This is required
to locate possible leakage
and to confirm no leakage
upon completion of repair.

Pressure test pump cofferdam system at approx.

3 bar.
Check for leakage if required spray with soapy
water to locate the leakage.

a) Worn cargo seal

a) Replace cargo seal set.
Note; If no leakage is
Also, carefully check ceramic sleeve for
detected by pressure test
possible damage-wear.
it is likely that the cargo
leakage to cofferdam is
caused by worn cargo
seal. (the upper seal lip is
sealing when pressurizing
cofferdam).
b) Leaking seal element in
flange connection

b) Check for loose bolts and for pitting corrosion

in seal faces in case of corrosion repair is
required.
When assemble, renew damaged seal
element.

c) Crack/pinhole in piping
c) Contact a Framo Service Station.
*) Ref. instruction for maintenance and repair for actual pump.

Framo Cargo Pumps

OPERATION MANUAL

Symptom:
Hydraulic oil leakage to
pump cofferdam.

Possible reason:

No.
Date/Sign.:
Page:
Rev. C:

1000-0121-401
08Jun98/AGAa
20 of 20
14Oct10/AGAa

Remedy: *)

General

Drain the pump return side prior to dismantling.

Disconnect pump head/unit from pipe
stack/casing.
Pressurize pump unit return side at approx 4 bar
and check for leakage to cofferdam side.
Pressure test pump pipe stack / casing at max 7
bar on cofferdam side and check for leakage to
return side.

a) Leaking shaft seal

a)Replace shaft seal (replaced seal to be

reconditioned if feasible)

b) Leaking seal element in

flange connection.

b) Check sealing surface for possible damage

repair if damaged.
When assemble, renew damaged seal
element.

(See also chapter 2.4)

c)Crack/pinhole in piping
c) Contact a Framo Service Station.
*) Ref. instruction for maintenance and repair for actual pump.

Note!
Evaluate if changed parts as sleeves, mechanical seals etc. are possible to recondition.
Send these parts to a Framo Service Station and ask for an evaluation.