TUYN TP 100 BI TP HA

HAY V KH
Tp 1: HA V C
5/14/2013
GSTT GROUP

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

LI NI U

Cc em thn mn,
Th l ch cn 1,5 thng na k thi i hc s chnh thc din ra. y l mt trong nhng giai on v cng
kh khn i vi cc em. Cc anh ch GSTT cng ang chun b n thi cui k. Tuy nhin so vi cc em, s
cng thng v p lc s khng th bng c. Giai on ny, chng ta cn phi cht chiu trit thi gian
c th tp trung nhiu nht cho vic hc. Vy nn, gip cc em c th chun b tt nht cho k thi quan
trng ca cuc i ny, anh ch s ln k hoch gip cc em tit kim thi gian trong vic lc cc bi tp hay
v kh rn gia thm. Vic tip cn vi nhng bi tp ny s gip cc em c s nhanh nhy trong x l cc
bi tp phc tp. Chui tuyn tp bi tp hay v kh bao gm cc ti liu sau:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh (2 tp) ( ra mt tp 1- v c)

Tuyn tp 200 cu hi l thuyt ha hay v kh (2 tp) (d kin ra mt 20/05)
Tuyn tp 500 bi ton in hnh trong thi i hc (10 tp) (d kin ra mt tp 1,2 25/05)
Tuyn tp 123 bi tp vt l hay v kh (d kin ra mt 16/05)

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Thn i,

GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

PHN 1: BI

Cu 1: Hn hp X gm Al, Fe2O3 c khi lng 21,67 gam. Tin h{nh phn ng nhit nhm hn hp X
trong iu kin khng c khng kh. Ha tan ho{n to{n hn hp cht rn sau phn ng bng dung dch
NaOH d thu c 2,016 lt H2 (ktc) v{ 12,4 gam cht rn khng tan. Hiu sut ca phn ng nhit
nhm l:
A. 80%
B. 75%
C. 60%
D. 71,43%
Cu 2: Hn hp X gm Al, FexOy. Tin h{nh phn ng nhit nhm ho{n to{n m gam hn hp X trong iu
kin khng c khng kh thu c hn hp Y. Chia Y th{nh 2 phn.
Phn 1 cho t|c dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c 1,008 lt H2 (ktc) v{ cn li 5,04g cht rn khng
tan.
Phn 2 c khi lng 29,79gam, cho t|c dng vi dung dch HNO3 lo~ng d thu c 8,064 lt NO (ktc,
l{ sn phm kh duy nht). Gi| tr ca m v{ cng thc ca oxit st l{:
A. 39,72 gam v FeO
B. 39,72 gam v Fe3O4
C. 38,91 gam v FeO
D. 36,48 gam v Fe3O4
Cu 3: Hp th hon ton V lt CO2
t vo
l un
h N OH M th thu
n
h Cho
t t v hu
u
l un
h HCl M vo thu
un
h v
lt h
t Cho t
n vi C OH 2
xut hin
t t
nh
A. 1M.
B. 1,5M.
C. 0,75M.
D. 2M.
Cu 4: Ha tan ho{n to{n 31,25 gam hn hp X gm Mg, Al v{ Zn trong dung dch HNO3, sau phn ng ho{n to{n
thu c dung dch Y v{ hn hp gm 0,1 mol N2O v{ 0,1 mol NO. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 157,05
gam hn hp mui. Vy s mol HNO3 ~ b kh trong phn ng trn l{:
A. 0,45 mol
B. 0,5 mol
C. 0,30 mol
D. 0,40 mol
Cu 5: Ha tan 15,84 gam hn hp gm mt oxit kim loi kim v{ mt oxit kim loi kim th bng dung
dch HCl d c dung dch X. C cn dung dch X, ly mui khan em in ph}n nng chy ho{n to{n
th thu c 6,048 lt kh (o ktc) anot v{ a (gam) hn hp kim loi catot. Gi| tr ca a l{:
A. 7,2.
B. 11,52.
C. 3,33.
D. 13,68.
Cu 6: Chi
68
hn h p L FeO Fe3O4, Fe2O3 thnh h i phn bn nh u Cho phn th nht
t
n ht vi un
h HCl
ui h n Phn th h i t
n v
vi un
h M l hn h p HCl H2SO4 lon thu
67 9
ui h n S ol HCl tron un
h M l
A. 1,75 mol
B. 1,50 mol
C. 1,80 mol
D. 1,00 mol
Cu 7: L
K ho t
n vi
l un
h HNO3 thu
un
h M v tho t r
6 lt
hn h p N
t

h v Cho th
vo M un
h KOH
th th tho t r
lt h
it rn qu tr nh h HNO3 h t o
t s n ph
u nht
nh
A. 3,12 gam.
B. 7,8 gam.
C. 12,48 gam.
D. 6,63 gam.
Cu 8: Cho 12,25 gam KClO3 v{o dung dch HCl c d, kh Cl2 tho|t ra cho t|c dng ht vi kim loi M
thu c 38,10 gam hn hp cht rn X. Cho X v{o dung dch AgNO3 d, thu c 118,5 gam kt ta. C|c
phn ng u xy ra ho{n to{n. Vy kim loi M l{:
A. Zn
B. Mg
C. Fe
D. Cu
Cu 9:Cho 100ml dung dch cha NaOH 1M, KOH 1M v{ Ba(OH)21,2M v{o 100ml dung dch AlCl3 xM th
thu c 9,36 gam kt ta. Vy nu cho 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1,2M v{o 100 ml dung dch AlCl3 xM th
khi lng kt ta thu c v{ gi| tr ca x l{ (bit c|c phn ng xy ra ho{n to{n)
A. 11,70 gam v 1,6. B. 9,36 gam v 2,4.
C. 6,24 gam v 1,4.
D. 7,80 gam v 1,0.
Cu 10: X l{ dung dch AlCl3, Y l dung dch NaOH 2M. Thm 150 ml dung dch Y v{o cc cha 100ml
dung dch X, khuy u n phn ng ho{n to{n thy trong cc c 7,8 gam kt ta. Thm tip v{o cc
100 ml dung dch Y, khuy u n phn ng ho{n to{n thy trong cc c 10,92 gam kt ta. Nng
mol/l ca dung dch X bng
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

A. 3,2 M.
B. 2,0 M.
C. 1,6 M.
D. 1,0 M.
Cu 11: Cho 8,4 gam Fe vo dung dch HNO long. Sau khi phn ng xy ra ho{n to{n thu c 2,688
lt NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) v{ dung dch X. Khi lng Fe NO
trong dung dch X l :
A. 14,52 gam
B. 36,3 gam
C. 16,2 gam
D. 30,72 gam
Cu 12: Cho t t 100 ml dung dch HCl 1,5M vo 0,4 lt dung dch X gm N CO v KHCO thu c
1,008 lt CO (ktc) v{ dung dch Y. Thm dung dch
OH d v{o dung dch Y thu c 29,55 gam
kt ta. Nng mol/lit ca N CO v KHCO trong dung dch X ln lt l
A. 0,0375 v 0,05
B. 0,2625 v 0,225
C. 0,1125 v 0,225
D.0,2625 v 0,1225
Cu 13:Nhng thanh Mg v{o dung dch cha 0,1 mol mui sunphat ca mt kim loi M, sau phn ng
ho{n to{n ly thanh Mg ra thy khi lng thanh Mg tng 4,0 gam. C bao nhiu mui tho m~n?
A. 2
B. 0
C. 3
D. 1
Cu 14: C 500 ml dung dch X cha Na+, NH , CO v SO . Ly 100 ml dung dch X t|c dng vi lng
d dung dch HCl thu c 2,24 lt kh. Ly 100 ml dung dch X cho t|c dng vi lng d dung dch BaCl2
thu c 43 gam kt ta. Ly 200 ml dung dch X t|c dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH thu c 8,96 lt
kh NH3. C|c phn ng ho{n to{n, c|c th tch kh u o ktc. Tnh tng khi lng mui c trong 300 ml
dung dch X ?
A. 23,8 gam.
B. 86,2 gam.
C. 71,4 gam.
D. 119 gam.
Cu 15: Cho Cu (d) t|c dng vi dung dch Fe(NO3)3 c dung dch X. Cho AgNO3 d t|c dng vi X
c dung dch Y. Cho Fe (d) t|c dng vi Y c hn hp kim loi Z. S phng trnh phn ng xy ra
l?
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 4.
D. 7.
Cu 16: Hoa tan hoan toan hon hp X gom 0,11 mol Al va 0,15 mol Cu vao dung dich HNO 3 th thu c
1,568 l t (ktc) hon hp Y gom 2 kh (trong o co 1 kh khong mau hoa nau ngoai khong kh ) va dung
dich Z cha 2 muoi. Xac inh so mol HNO3 a tham gia phan ng
A. 0,63 mol.
B. 0,7 mol.
C. 0,77 mol.
D. 0,76 mol.
Cu 17: Cho 3,76 gam hn hp X gm Mg v{ MgO c t l mol tng ng l{ 14:1 t|c dng ht vi dung
dch HNO3 th thu c 0,448 lt mt kh duy nht (o ktc) v{ dung dch Y. C cn cn thn dung dch
Y thu c 23 gam cht rn khan T. X|c nh s mol HNO3 ~ phn ng.
A. 0,28
B. 0,36
C. 0,32
D. 0,34
Cu 18: phn ng ht a mol kim loi M cn 1,25a mol H2SO4 v sinh ra kh X (sn phm kh duy
nht). Ha tan ht 19,2 gam kim loi M v{o dung dch H2SO4 to ra 4,48 lt kh X (sn phm kh duy
nht, ktc). Kim loi M l{:
A. Fe.
B. Cu.
C. Mg.
D. Al.
Cu 19: Hn hp X gm: Fe2O3, Cr2O3, Al2O3. Cho 20,7 gam X v{o dung dch NaOH c (d), sau khi kt
thc phn ng thu c 8 gam cht rn. Mt kh|c kh ho{n to{n 20,7 gam X cn 5,4 gam Al. Khi
lng Cr2O3 trong 20,7 gam X l?
A. 11,4 gam.
B. 15,2 gam.
C. 7,6 gam.
D. 2,28 gam.
Cu 20: Cho m gam hn hp B gm CuO, Na2O, Al2O3 ho{ tan ht v{o nc thu c 400ml dung dch D
ch cha mt cht tan duy nht c nng 0,5M v{ cht rn G ch gm mt cht. Lc t|ch G, cho lung
kh H2 d qua G nung nng thu c cht rn F. Ho{ tan ht F trong dung dch HNO3 thu c 0,448 lt
(ktc) hn hp kh gm NO2 v{ NO c t khi so vi oxi bng 1,0625. Bit c|c phn ng xy ra ho{n to{n.
Tnh m.
A. 18g
B. 26g
C. 34,8g
D. 18,4g
Cu 21: in ph}n 100 ml dung dch cha hn hp CuSO4 0,1M v NaCl 0,1 M trong bnh in ph}n c
m{ng ngn vi hai in cc tr, cng dng in bng 0,5A. Sau mt thi gian, thu c dung dch
c pH=2 ( gi s th tch dung dch khng i. Thi gian ( gi}y) in ph}n v{ khi lng ( gam) Cu thu
c catot ln lt l
A. 1930 v 0,176
B. 2123 v 0,352
C. 1737 v 0,176
D. 1939 v 0,352
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

Cu 22: Ha tan ht hn hp A gm x mol Fe v{ y mol Ag bng dung dch hn hp HNO3 v H2SO4, c
0,062 mol kh NO v 0,047 mol SO2 tho|t ra. em c cn dung dch sau phn ng th thu c 22,164
gam hn hp c|c `mui khan (khng c mui amoni). Tr s ca x v{ y l{:
A. x = 0,12; y = 0,02
B. x = 0,08; y = 0,03 C. x = 0,07; y = 0,02
D. x = 0,09; y = 0,01
Cu 23: Cho m gam hn hp gm Fe v{ Cu t|c dng vi dung dch HNO3 sau khi phn ng kt thc th
ch thu c 4,48 lt hn hp kh NO, NO2 l{ 2 sn phm kh (ktc) v{ cn li 13,2 gam rn gm 2 kim
loi. Gi| tr ca m l{
A. 17,12 gam
B. 24,96 gam
C. 30 gam
D. 16 gam
Cu 24: Cho 200 ml dung dch X gm
OH
M v N lO (hay N l OH
M. Thm t t
dung dch H SO
M vo dung dch X cho n khi kt ta tan tr li 1 phn, thu c kt ta Y. em
nung kt ta Y n{y n khi lng khng i thu c 24,32 gam cht rn Z. Th tch dung dch
H SO
M ~ dng l{
A. 1,1 lt.
B. 0,67 lt.
C. 0,55 lt.
D. 1,34 lt.
Cu 25: Cho 6,9 gam hn hp X gm 2 ancol no, n chc (Y v Z) tc dng vi Na d thu c 1,68 lt
H2(ktc). Cn khi oxi ho 6,9 gam hn hp X bi CuO d, nung nng thu c hn hp T gm 2 sn
phm hu c tng ng vi Y v Z. Cho T tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 th thu
c 43,2 gam Ag. Cng thc hai ancol trong axit l:
A. CH3CH2OH v CH3CH2CH3OH
B. CH3OH v CH3CH(OH)CH3
C. CH3OH v CH3CH(CH3)CH2OH
D. CH3OH v CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3
Cu 26: Mt loi kh than cha ng thi N2, CO v H2. t ch|y 4,48 lt (ktc) hn hp kh ny bng
lng O2 va ri dn sn phm ch|y v{o nc vi trong (d) thy tch ra 10 gam kt ta, thu c
dung dch X v c 0,56 lt N2(ktc) tho|t ra. Khi lng dung dch X thay i so vi khi lng dung dch
nc vi trong ban u l
A. gim 8,65 gam
B. gim 4,25 gam
C. tng 6 gam
D. tng 7,25 gam
Cu 27: Cho 100ml dung dch H PO 1M tc dng vi 21,875 mol dung dch NaOH 25% (d = 1,28
gam/ml) sau em lo~ng bng nc ct thu c 250 ml dung dch X. Hi trong X c nhng hp cht
no ca photpho v{ nng mol bao nhiu (b qua s thy phn ca cc mui)?
N PO
M
C.N H PO
M
N H PO
M v N HPO
M
D.N HPO
M v N PO
Cu 28: Cho 13,12 gam hn hp X gm Fe, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 vo dung dch HNO3 lo~ng, d thu c sn
phm kh gm hai kh NO, N2O c th tch V lt (ktc) v{ c t khi so vi H2 l 18,5. Mt khc nu cho
cng lng X trn tc dng vi CO d th sau khi phn ng ho{n to{n thu c 9,8 gam Fe. Gi tr V l
A. 3,136.
B. 3,36.
C. 2,24.
D. 0,448.
Cu 29: Tin h{nh chun 100ml dung dch HCl 0,100M bng dung dch NaOH 0,100M. Khi thm
99,9ml v{ 100,1ml dung dch NaOH vao dung dich HCl th o chenh lech gia tri pH tai 2 thi iem cuoi la
A. 2,0
B. 5,4
C. 4,3
D. 9,7
Cu 30: Khi in ph}n dung dch hn hp MgCl2, FeCl3, CuCl2 th th t b kh ti catt l{?
A. Fe3+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Mg2+
B. Cu2+, Fe3+, Mg2+, H2O
C. Fe3+, Cu2+, Fe2+, H2O
D. Fe3+, Cu2+, Mg2+, H2O
Cu 31: Trong bnh kn cha 0,5 mol CO v{ m gam Fe3O4. un nng bnh cho ti khi phn ng xy ra ho{n
to{n thy kh trong bnh c t khi so vi kh CO lc u l{ 1,457. Gi| tr ca m l{?
A. 21,5.
B. 23,2.
C. 16,8.
D. 22,8.
Cu 32: Ha tan hon ton hn hp gm cc kim loi Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Ag vo dung dch HNO3 long
(d), thu c dung dch X. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (d), thu c kt ta Y. em Y t|c
dng vi dung dch NH3 (d), n phn ng ho{n to{n thu c kt ta Z. S hiroxit c trong Y v{ Z ln
lt l
A. 7; 4.
B. 3; 2.
C. 5; 2.
D. 4; 2.
Cu 33: Cho 0,5 mol Mg v 0,2 mol Mg(NO3)2 vo bnh kn khng c oxi ri nung nhit cao n
phn ng ho{n to{n thu c hn hp cht rn X. Hn hp cht rn X tc dng vi nhiu nht 500 ml
dung dch Fe(NO3)3 c nng aM. Gi tr ca a l
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

A. 0,667.
B. 2.
C. 0,4.
D. 1,2.
Cu 34: Thc hin phn ng nhit nhm (trong iu kin khng c khng kh, hiu sut 100%) vi 9,66
gam hn hp X gm Al v{ mt oxit st, thu c hn hp rn Y. Ha tan Y bng dung dch NaOH d, sau
khi c|c phn ng xy ra ho{n to{n thu c dung dch Z, cht khng tan T v{ 0,03 mol kh. Sc CO 2 n
d v{o dung dch Z, lc ly kt ta nung n khi lng khng i c 5,1 gam mt cht rn. Cng thc
ca oxit st v{ khi lng ca n trong hn hp X trn l{
A. FeO v 7,20 gam. B. Fe3O4 v 6,96 gam. C. Fe3O4 v 2,76 gam. D. Fe2O3 v 8,00 gam.
Cu 35: Hn hp X gm Al, Cr v Na. Chia 16 gam X thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1 tc dng vi nc
d, sau khi c|c phn ng xy ra hon ton, sinh ra 4,48 lt H (ktc). Cho phn 2 phn ng vi dung dch
NaOH lo~ng d, kt thc cc phn ng thu c 6,16 lt H (ktc). Khi lng ca Cr c trong 16 gam X
l
A. 1,65 gam.
B. 3,30 gam.
C. 5,20 gam.
D. 2,60 gam.
Cu 36: Ha tan 51,1 gam hn hp X gm NaCl v CuSO v{o nc c dung dch Y. in phn dung
dch Y vi in tr m{ng ngn xp n khi nc bt u b in phn 2 in cc th dng li, th th
tch kh anot sinh ra gp 1,5 ln th tch kh sinh ra catot (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit ,
p sut). Phn trm khi lng ca CuSO trong hn hp X l
A. 94,25%.
B. 73,22%.
C. 68,69%.
D. 31,31%.
Cu 37: Ly 19,2 gam Cu v m gam Fe(NO3)2 cho vo 2 lt dung dch H2SO4 long aM khuy u thy to
ra sn phm kh NO duy nht v dung dch X ch cha 2 mui. X|c nh m v a?
A. 18 gam v 0,2 M.
B. 18 gam va 0,2M hoac 21,6 gam va 0,24M.
C. 21,6 gam v 0,24M.
D. 18 gam v 0,24M hoc 27 gam v 0,28M.
Cu 38: Chia 14,8 gam hn hp X gm Fe, Cu thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1 tc dng vi dung dch
H SO lo~ng d, kt thc phn ng thu c 1,68 lt H (ktc). Cho phn 2 vo 350 ml dung dch NO
1M, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton sinh ra m gam kim loi. Gi tr ca m l
A. 37,8.
B. 27,0
C. 35,1.
D. 21,6.
Cu 39: Dung dch cha cc ion Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Ba2+, H+, Cl. Phi dng dung dch cht n{o sau }y
loi b ht cc ion Ca2+, Mg2+, Ba2+, H+ ra khi dung dch ban u?
A. Na2SO4.
B. K2CO3.
C. NaOH.
D. AgNO3.
Cu 40. Hn hp bt X gm CO Fe OH
l OH CuO M CO . Nung X trong khng kh n khi
lng khng i c hn hp rn
Cho
v{o nc d khuy u c dung dch B cha 2 cht tan
v{ phn khng tan C . Cho kh CO d qua bnh cha C nung nng c hn hp rn E (Cho c|c phn
ng xy ra ho{n to{n). E cha ti a:
A. 2 n cht v{ 2 hp cht
B. 1 n cht v{ 2 hp cht.
C. 2 n cht v{ 1 hp cht
D. 3 n cht
Cu 41: Mt bnh kn dung tch 22,4 lt cha y hn hp kh gm N v H ( ktc),c t khi so vi H2
l{ 3,6. Trong bnh cha sn cht xc t|c (th tch chim khng |ng k), un nng bnh mt thi gian ri
a v nhit ban u th |p sut trong bnh khi ch bng 80% |p sut ban u. Hiu sut ca phn
ng tng hp NH l:
A. 40%
B. 65%
C. 50% .
D. 80%.
Cu 42: Cho phng trnh phn ng: Mg + HNO3 Mg(NO3)2 + NO + N2O + H2O. T khi ca hn hp NO
v N2O i vi H2 l 19,2. T l s phn t b kh v b oxi ha trong phn ng trn l:
A. 8 : 15
B. 6 : 11
C. 11 : 28
D. 38 : 15
Cu 43: Nung nng AgNO3 c cht rn X v{ kh Y. Dn kh Y v{o cc nc c dung dch Z. Cho to{n
b X v{o Z thy X tan mt phn v{ tho|t ra kh NO duy nht. Gi thit c|c phn ng xy ra ho{n to{n.
Phn trm khi lng ca X khng tan trong Z l{
A. 25%.
B. 30%.
C. 20%.
D. 40%.
Cu 44: Ho{ tan ht m gam l SO
v{o nc c dung dch X. Cho 360 ml dung dch NaOH 1M v{o
X, thu c 2a gam kt ta. Mc kh|c, nu cho 400 ml dung dch NaOH 1M v{o X th thu c a gam kt
ta. C|c phn ng xy ra ho{n to{n, gi| tr ca m l{:
A. 20,520.
B. 19,665
C. 15,390.
D. 18,810.
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

Cu 45: Mt hn hp X c khi lng m gam gm Ba v{ Al. Cho m gam X t|c dng vi nc d, thu
c 8,96 lt kh H2. Cho m gam X t|c dng vi dung dch Ba(OH)2 d thu c 22,4 lt kh H2 (c|c phn
ng u xy ra ho{n to{n, c|c th tch kh o iu kin tiu chun). m c gi| tr l{
A. 16,8 gam.
B. 27,2 gam.
C. 24,6 gam.
D. 29,9 gam.
Cu 46: C cc bnh mt nh~n cha c|c kh sau: CO2, SO2, C2H4, C2H2, SO3. H~y cho bit c th s dng
d~y c|c thuc th n{o nhn bit c|c kh :
A. dd Na0H, dd H2SO4, dd Ca(OH)2 v AgNO3/NH3
B. dd HCl, dd Na2SO4, nc brom v{ AgNO3 /NH3
C. dd Ba(OH)2, dd Na2SO4, nc brom v AgNO3 /NH3
D. dd Ba(OH)2, dd H2SO4, nc brom v{ AgNO3 /NH3
Cu 47: Nung mt lng mui Cu NO
sau mt thi gian dng li ,thy khi lng gim i 5,4gam.
Kh tho|t ra hp th ho{n to{n v{o 100ml H2O thu c dung dch X (th tch coi nh khng i). Nng
mol/l ca dd X l{:
A. 0,5mol/l
B. 1mol/l
C. 2 mol/l
D. 0,1mol/l
Cu 48: Nung hn hp X gm m gam Al v 15,2 gam Cr O trong iu kin khng c khng kh, phn
ng ho{n to{n thu c 23,3 gam cht rn Y. Dng dung dch HCl d (khng c mt oxi) ha tan hon
ton cht rn Y to ra V lt kh ktc. Gi| tr ca V l:
A. 4,48 lt
B. 3,36 lt
C. 7,84 lt
D. 10,08 lt
Cu 49: Nung nng m gam hn hp gm Al v{ Fe O trong iu kin khng c khng kh. Sauk hi phn
ng xy ra ho{n to{n, thu c hn hp rn X. Cho X t|c dng vi dung dch NaOH (d) thu c dung
dch Y, cht rn Z v{ 3,36 lt kh H ( ktc). Sc kh CO (d) v{o dung dch Y, thu c 39 gam kt ta.
Gi| tr ca m l{
A. 48,3.
B. 57,0.
C. 45,6.
D. 36,7.
Cu 50: Nh t t 3V1 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 (dung dch X) v{o V1 ml dung dch Al2(SO4)3 (dung dch Y)
th phn ng va v{ ta thu c kt ta ln nht l{ m gam. Nu trn V2 ml dung dch X trn v{o V1
ml dung dch Y th kt ta thu c c khi lng bng 0,9m gam. T l V2 / V1 l
A. V2 / V1 = 2,7 hoc V2 / V1 = 3,55.
B. V2 / V1 = 1,7 hoc V2 / V1 = 3,75.
C. V2 / V1 = 2,5 hoc V2 / V1 = 3,25.
D. V2 / V1 = 2,5 hoc V2 / V1 = 3,55.

GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

PHN 2: LI GII CHI TIT

Cu 1: |p |n B
2Al + Fe2O3 Al2O3 + 2Fe.
Mol: 2z
z
z
2z.
Gi x, y l s mol Al, Fe2O3 ban u v z l s mol Fe2O3 phn ng
27x + 160y = 21,67(g) (1)
Sau phn ng: Al (d): x-2z mol; y-z mol Fe2O3 v 2z mol Fe; z mol Al2O3.

x - 2z = 0,06 (2).
(d) = 2 n
Al
3 H2
mrn = m + m
(d) 160(y-z) + 56.2z = 12,4 160y - 48z = 12,4 (3).
n

Fe

Fe2O3

T (1),(2),(3) x
7
ol
0,075
.100%=75% (hiu sut tnh theo Fe2O3).
Hiu sut: H%=
0,1
Cu 2: |p |n B
Ta thy: khi phn ng nhit nhm, sn phm to thnh c cha Al (theo phn 1: Y phn ng vi
NaOH to kh) m phn ng xy ra hon ton nn Fe O ht su r
Fe l v l O
+) Phn 1: Cho Y tc dng vi NaOH th Fe khng tan, Al v l O tan
l
N OH
H O
N lO
H
l O
N OH
N lO
H O
n nn
9 ol
n
n
n n

+) Phn 2: n
6 ol n
6
8 ol

N nn n
n n tn
x v n
x theo b o ton ol ele tron
n
n
n
x
x
x x
9 (mol)
Nn phn 2 c
9 ol l v
7 ol Fe
9 79
o
n
ol n
6
V n n
7
6
n n oxit s t l Fe O
Ta thy s mol Al phn 2 gp 3 ln s mol Al phn 1 nn
V

97

Cu 3: p n D
Ta c CT 2 mui sunfat l: M 2SO4 V NSO4
Gi cng thc chung 2 mui l XSO4 :

N XSO = NSO2- trong mu = NBaSO4 = 0,1 mol

4

XSO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + XCl2

M XSO =
4

12
120
0,1

Suy ra X = 24 v M,N thuc 2 chu k lin tip. Ta xt 2 trng hp:

TH 1: Chn M >12 (V trong cng thc mui l M 2 SO4 . Th N < 24. M N < 24 th ch c th l Be

M l Na
TH 2: Chn M < 12 th N bt buc > 24 . M M < 12 th ch c th l Li
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

N l Mg (loi) v MMg = 24
Vy ch c trng hp 1 l tha mn.
Ch : Vi nhng bi ton bt tm nhiu cht vi nhiu phn ng th chng ta nn quy v 1 cht trung
bnh bi ton ngn gn hn
Cu 4: |p |n D
+) Trng hp 1: Sn phm kh ch c NO v N2O
+ 3n
= 1.1(mol)
-S mol NO trong mui: n - = 8n
NO3

N2O

NO

mmui = mkim loi +

= 31,25 + 1,1.62 = 99,45 (g) < 157,05(g) loi.
+) Trng hp 2: Phn ng sinh ra mui NH4NO3: x mol
+ 3n
+ 8n
= 1,1+ 8x(mol)
S mol NO trong mui kim loi: n - = 8n
NO3

N2O

NO

NH4 NO3

mmui = mkim loi + m NO- + m NH4 NO3 = 31.25 + (1,1 + 8x).62 + 80x = 157,05 x = 0,1 (mol)
3

S mol HNO3 b kh bng: n HNO3 = 2n N2O + n NO + n NH4 NO3 = 0,4 (mol)

Cu 5: |p |n B
Cl
Cl Theo nh lut bo to{n in tch:
n 2- = n
= 0,27(mol) m
= m +m m = m
- m = 15,84 - 0,27.16 = 11,52 (g).
Cl2
oxit
kl
O
kl
oxit O
O
Cu 6: p n C
th
t O th
Cl
68
M
6
V n

M
96

ol

o
x
67 9 v x
8
x
8

Cu 7: |p |n D
Gi x v y ln lt s mol K phn ng vi HNO3 .v H 2 O . K phn ng vi HNO3 to sn phm
kh duy nht l{ NH4 NO3 v hn hp kh N gm 2 kh: NH3 v H 2 . PTHH:

8K +10HNO3 8KNO3 + NH 4 NO3 + 3H 2 O.

x

x/8
1
K + H 2 O KOH + H 2
KOH + NH 4 NO3 KNO3 + NH3 + H 2 O
2
y
y
y
y
y
2
V khi cho thm vo M dung dch KOH d th thy thot ra 0,01 mol NH3 trong M c NH4 NO3
:

KOH + NH 4 NO3 KNO3 + NH3 + H 2 O

0, 01

0, 01
y 0,336
S mol hn hp kh N l : y + =
= 0, 015mol y = 0, 01mol .
2 22, 4
n NH4 NO3 sinh ra do K phn ng vi HNO3 l :

66

Cu 8: |p |n C
KClO3 + 6HCl KCl + 3Cl2 + H2O
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

6mol.

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

Mol: 0,1
0,3
M tc dng vi Cl to ra hn hp X nn X gm mui (ha tr cao nht) ca MX v kim loi M d.
n
ol
n
6 ol
86
Suy ra kt ta cha Ag,
n
ol
n

ol
68
n
9

68

Cu 9: |p |n C

6 Fe

1
< n
- nn kt ta b ha tan mt phn.
3 OH
p dng cng thc tnh nhanh: n - = 4n 3+ - n Al(OH) 0,44 = 0,4x- 0,12 x = 0,4(M)
OH
Al
3

Al(OH)3

= 0,12(mol) . V n

Al(OH)3

nNaOH 0,2.1,2 0,24; nAl3 0,16(mol) .

n

NaOH

< 3n

Al

3+

1
= n
= 0,08 m
= 0,08.78 = 6,24(g) .
Al(OH)3 3 NaOH
Al(OH)3

Cu 10: |p |n C
*) Cch 1: Kt ta l{ l OH
+0,3 (mol) NaOH 0,1 (mol) Al(OH)3
X
+0,5 (mol) NaOH 0,14 (mol) Al(OH)3

OH cn li trong qu| trnh 2 tn ti di dng Na[Al(OH)4].

o ton OH
n
ol
o ton n u n t l n
6 ol
*) Cch 2: D thy qu| trnh 2 xy ra c 2 phng trnh sau:
3NaOH+ Al3+ Al(OH)3 +3Na+

NaOH+ Al(OH)3 Na[Al(OH)4 ]

(1)
(2)

n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
p dng v{o b{i to|n ta tnh c kt qu cn tm
Ch : Ngc li vi bi ton trn l bi ton cho
tc dng vi
. Cch lm hon ton
tng t ta c:

Cu 11. |p |n A
*) Cch 1: Fe
n
ol n
ol Fe
l i ph n n Fe
Fe
Fe
n
n
n
n
n
6 ol
*) Cch 2:
Khi cha bit Fe phn ng ht hay cn d, gi s sn phm to th{nh sau phn ng c c Fe 2+ v
Fe3+
n
x ol n
ol (x hoc y c th bng 0 nu sn phm to ra ch c mt mui)
x
Bo to{n electron ta c n
n
n
x
6
x = 0,06 (mol); y = 0,09 (mol)

Ch : Khi gii bi ton trc nghim, c bit vi cc bi ton phc tp hn, kh xc nh c

phn ng l ht hay cn d ta nn s dng cch th 2.
Cu 12: |p |n B
8
n
ol n
ol
n
ol
Dung dch Y ch c K+, Na+, HCO ,Cl-.
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

Khi thm Ba(OH)2 d v{o dung dch Y: OH
HCO
CO
H O
Sau :CO
CO .
9
n
n
ol
n
ol
97
(s dng bo to{n C, to{n b C trong dung dch Y chuyn v ht trong kt ta).
Ngoi ra do cn HCO d trong Y nn HCl ht
n
n
n
ol
n
ol
n
ol)
n
Ta p dng bo ton nguyn t C: n
n
n
n

n
9 ol
n
9
9 ol .
Ch : Khi cho t t
vo dung dch hn hp gm c

th xy ra theo th t cc
phn ng sau:
(1)
(2)
Cu 13: |p |n A
}y l{ phn ng kim loi mnh y kim loi yu ra khi mui ca n.
Trong b{i n{y, Mg y M ra khi mui ca n, kim loi M tho|t ra b|m v{o thanh Mg l{m khi
lng thanh tng thm 4g.
Cng thc mui sunfat ca kim loi M c th c dng M SO
ho MSO
+) Khi cng thc ca mui l MSO th n
n
C
M
M 6 l Cu
+) Khi cng thc ca mui l{ M SO
th n
n
n
C nM
M SO
nM SO
M Khi
n
n
n

Do

Cu 14: |p |n C
+) 0,1 (lt) X + HCl d

M
{
n

M l Fe

0,1 mol kh CO2 n CO2 = 0,1(mol)

3

+) 0,1 (lt) X + BaCl2 d 43 (g) kt ta gm BaCO3 v BaSO4

nBaCO =nCO2 =0,1(mol) nBaSO =0,1(mol)=nSO2
3

+) 0,2 (lt) X + NaOH

0,4 mol NH3 n NH+ = 0, 4(mol) trong 0,1(lt) X c n NH+ = 0, 2(mol)

4

Bo to{n in tch ta tnh c: nNa+ =0,2(mol)

T tnh c tng khi lng mui bng tng khi lng cc ion.
Cu 15: |p |n A
C|c PT ion xy ra l{:
2+
2+
Cu + 2Fe3+ Cu 2+ + 2Fe2+ 1 Trong X c Cu ; Fe
Ag + + Fe2+ Fe3+ + Ag

+
3+
2+
Trong Y c Ag ; Fe ;Cu .

Fe + 2Ag + Fe2+ + 2Ag 5

Fe + 2Fe3+ 3Fe2+ 3 Fe + Cu 2+ Fe2+ + Cu 4
C tt c 5 phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
+
3+
2+
3+
Ch : Ag c tnh oxi ho mnh hn Fe nn Ag c th oxi ho c Fe thnh Fe nn ta c phn
2 xy ra.
ng
Cu 16: |p |n D
1,568
S mol hn hp kh Y l{ :
= 0, 07mol . Qu| trnh nhng e :
22, 4
Al0 - 3e Al3+ ;

Cu 0 - 2e Cu 2+ .

GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

0,11 0,33
0,15 0,3
Tng s mol e nhng l{: 0.3 + 0,33= 0,63 mol.
p dng nh lut b{o to{n e: tng s mol e nhng = tng s mol e nhn n
6
ol Hn
hp kh Y c kh ho| n}u trong khng kh chnh l{ kh NO. S mol e nhn trung bnh ca hn hp kh
0.63
Y l :
=9 e. M{ Y c kh NO nhn 3e th Y phi c kh nhn nhiu hn 9e chnh l{ kh N 2 . Qu
0, 07
trnh nhn e l:
N+5 - 3e N+2 ;

2N+5 -10e N02

3a a
10b b.
Gi s mol kh NO v{ N 2 ln lt l{ a ,b
Ta c h PT:

a + b = 0, 07
a = 0, 01mol

3a +10b = 0, 63
b = 0, 06mol

p dng LBT nguyn t N. Ta c s mol HNO3 phn ng l:

3n Al + 2n Cu + n NO + 2n N2 = 0,63 + 0,01+ 0,12 = 0,76 mol.

Cu 17: |p n B
n Mg = 0,14(mol);n MgO = 0,01(mol) => n Mg(NO3 )2 = 0,15(mol) mMg(NO3 )2 = 22, 2(g)
M{ khi lng mui thu c sau phn ng = 23 (g)
c mui NH4NO3 mNH4 NO3 = 0,8(g) n NH4 NO3 = 0,01(mol)
Gi s e nhn to ra 1 ph}n t kh l{ x:
Bo to{n electron ta c: 2n Mg = 8n NH4 NO3 + x.n - 2.0,14 = 8.0,01+ 0,02.x x = 10
Kh to th{nh l{ N2
Bo to{n nguyn t N ta c: n HNO3 = 2n N2 + 2n Mg(NO3 )2 + 2n NH4 NO3 = 0,36(mol)
Ch : Vi cc bi ton cho kim loi c tnh kh mnh nh Mg, Al, Zn tc dng vi HNO3 ta cn ch
xem c to thnh mui NH4NO3 hay khng.
Cu 18: |p |n C
Phn ng vi a (mol) kim loi cn 1,25a (mol) H2SO4 }y l{ phn ng vi H2SO4 c nng v
nu kim loi phn ng vi H bnh thng th s mol H2SO4 ch c th bng 1 hoc 1,5 ln s mol
kim loi (C|c cht trong |p |n)
Kh X l SO2 hoc H2S
Gi s mol e nhng ca 1 nguyn t kim loi l{ x; kim loi l M
mui to th{nh sau phn ng
l M2(SO4)x
TH1: X l SO2
x
o ton e t
xn
n
n
Bo to{n nguyn t S ta c:

a x.a
n H2SO4 = x.n M2 (SO4 )x + nSO2 1, 25a = x. +
x = 1, 25 (loi)
2 2
x.a
xa x.a
1, 25a =
+
x = 2 (tha m~n)
TH2: X l H2S. L{m tng t ta c: n H2S =
8
2
8

Khi ho 9
i lo i vo H SO
n
n
8 M
Ch : Khi ta tm ra kh l H2S v kim loi l Mg l ng vi kin thc l thuyt. ra sn phm kh
l H2S, kim lai phi c tnh kh mnh. Cc kim loi trung bnh, yu ch ra sn phm l SO2
Cu 19: p n C

GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

Khi cho hn hp X t|c dng vi dung dch NaOH c d th Al2 O3 ;Cr2 O3 l cc oxit lng tnh nn tan
trong dung dch NaOH c.Cn Fe2 O3 khng tan ,chnh l{ cht rn thu c sau phn ng:

n Fe2O3 =

8
= 0,05mol
160

Pthh : 2Al + Fe2 O3 2Fe + Al2 O3

0,1 0,05
2Al + Cr2 O3 2Cr + Al2 O3
0,1 0,05
Khi lng ca Cr2 O3 trong 20,7gam X l: 0,05. 152 =7,6 gam
Cu 20:|p |n D
V dung dch D ch cha mt cht tan duy nht v{ cht rn G ch gm mt cht nn dung dch D
cha NaAlO2 v{ G cha CuO.
Do n
n
n
b
n
b
i{
{ 6
{
n
b
b
6
n

Vy
8
Cu 21: |p |n B
n
n
V dung dch thu c sau in phn c pH
C|c phng trnh in phn:
Mol

CuSO
0,005

N Cl Cu Cl
0,01
0,005

CuSO

H O

Mol 0,0005
Do n
n

96

Cu

n n

0,0005

do n

N SO
H SO
0,0005
6

n n H

96

Cu 22: |p |n D
Khi kim loi hoc hn hp kim loi phn ng vi dung dch H2SO4 c nng ta c s lng gc
SO to mui vi kim loi tng ng vi cc sn phm kh nh sau:
1 mol SO2 tng ng vi 1 mol gc SO to mui vi kim loi.
1 mol S tng ng vi 3 mol gc SO to mui vi kim loi.
1 mol H2S tng ng vi 4 mol gc SO to mui vi kim loi.
p dng iu ny v quy lut bi 6 ta c cch gii nh sau:
V n
n
n n x
6
7
8 (1)
S mol NO v SO to mui vi kim loi ln lt l 0,186 v 0,047
6

Do 6x
8
6
(2)
T (1) v (2) suy ra x
9 v
Cu 23: |p |n B
Do cn d kim loi nn ta coi ch c cc qu trnh:
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

n
n n
n

Fe

Fe

Cu
n

Cu

88

Do 8 8
6
Cu 24: |p |n D
Lu l{ c hai loi kt ta c to ra, SO v l OH V kt ta ~ b tan mt phn nn
SO to ra l ti a (axit d). n
n
Nung kt ta th ch l OH
l O
(g)
n nn
ol
n
ol M{ ban u ta c
ol N lO nn s mol mui
l c to ra l:
8 ol
Bo ton nguyn t S:
8
n
n
n
n
67 ol
V
l
Cu 25: |p |n D
n
7
ol n
ol
Phng trnh ha hc ca ancol n chc phn ng vi Na: OH
Do n
n
ol
69

Khi
M
6

ON

Do hn hp X phi c 1 ancol c khi lng mol nh hn 46, l{ CH OH. Gi s Y l CH OH

th ta cn tm cng thc ca ancol cn li l Z.
+) TH1: Ch c sn phm oxi ha ca CH OH c phn ng tr|ng gng
Khi
M

n
69

ol

ol

7 l CH CH OH CH CH

+) TH2: Sn phm oxi ha ca 2 ancol u c phn ng tr|ng gng. Khi anehit tng ng
vi Z phn ng tr|ng gng theo t l 1:2
Gi s mol ca Y v Z ln lt l a v b
69
b
C {
{
M
b
b
(loi v khi lng mol ca ancol no, n chc lun l s chn)
Ch : Trong qu trnh lm trc nghim nhng bi tng t m khng c p n no bao gm 2
p n khc hoc 1 p n c 2 kt qu th khi xt TH1 c p n ng th ta dng li, kt lun lun
p n ng.
Cu 26: |p |n B
t chy 0,2 mol hn hp kh ban u bng oxi va thu c hn hp kh gm: CO H O v
N trong CO v H O b hp th bi dung dch nc vi trong.
n
n
n
=0,1 mol; n
ol n
n
7
C
nn khi lng dung dch X gim 4,25g so vi khi lng dung
dch nc vi trong ban u
Cu 27: |p |n B

GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

n
0,175
1 < NaOH
1,75 < 2
n H3PO4
0,1

phn ng to ra 2 mui NaH2PO4 v Na2HPO4 vi s mol tng ng l{ x, y.

Bo to{n c|c nguyn t Na v{ P ta c:

x
7
x
{
{
7
x
Vy [NaH2PO4]=

0,025
0,075
0,1 (M) v [Na2HPO4]=
0,3 (M).
0,25
0,25

Cu 28: |p |n D
CO
9 8 Fe
98
n
7
M n
n
7
ol.
Fe cho 3e; O nhn 2e
S mol e Fe cho NO N O l: n
t n
n
Bo to{n mol electron
x 8
S dng phng ph|p ng cho ta tnh c: x

ol.
7

7
ol

ol.
8 lit

Cu 29: |p |n C
ol. n H+ = 0,01mol

TH 1: khi chun dung dch HCl bng 99,99 ml dung dch NaOH: n NaOH = 0,09999 0,1 = 9,999 103
mol.

Pthh:

NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2 O

S mol HCl d sau khi phn ng l: 0,01 - 9,999 103 = 1106 mol.

1106
pH ca dung dch thu c l : - Log
5,3.
0,1 0, 099
TH 2: Khi chun dung dch HCl bng 100,1ml dung dch NaOH. Suy ra: n NaOH = 0,1001 0,1=
0,01001 mol.
Pthh:

NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2 O

S mol NaOH d sau khi phn ng l : 0,01001-0,01 = 1105 mol.

1105
PH ca dung dch thu c l: 14 - (-Log
) 9,7 (v TH 2 c mi trng baz)
0,1 0,1001
Vy chnh lch gi tr PH ta 2 thi im cui l : 9,7 -5,3 =4,4.
Cu 30: |p |n C
L thuyt : Quy tc in ph}n catt l{: nhng ion kim loi n{o c tnh oxi ho| c{ng mnh
Th s b in ph}n trc v{ c|c cation kim loi t Li Al th khng b in ph}n. Khi in ph}n dung
dch cha MgCl2 ;FeCl3 ;CuCl2 th th t b kh ti catt l{: Fe3+ ;Cu 2+ ; Fe2+ ; H2 O .
Ch : Ring vi Fe th Fe3+ b kh trc tin s to ra Fe2+ .nhng v tnh oxh ca Cu 2+ > Fe2+ nn Cu 2+
s b kh trc.
Cu 31: |p |n B
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

S phn ng:
Fe3O4 + 4CO 3Fe + 4CO2

0,1

(1)

0,4

Hn hp kh thu c sau phn ng gm c CO2 v{ kh CO. Gi t l s mol ca CO2

v CO l a: b. Theo gt:
kh l :

44a + 28b
= 1, 457. 28 = 40,8 a : b = 4 : 1. S mol ca CO2 trong hn hp
a+b

4
0,5 0, 4 mol. T 1 khi lng Fe3 O4 l : 0,1 232 = 23,2g.
5

Cu 32: |p |n C
Cho cc kim loi vo HNO to ra X l hn hp cc mui nitrat. Cho X tc dng vi NaOH d, v Al
v Zn l kim loi c tnh cht lng tnh nn to N lO v N nO n n c 5 hiroxit trong Y. Y
tc dng vi NH d th Cu OH v Ni OH
OH t o phc tan, ch cn M OH v Fe OH
Cu 33: |p |n D
CaCO3 + 2HNO3 Ca(NO3)2 + H2O + CO2
x

x
3FeCO3 + 10HNO3 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 3CO2 + 5H2O
y

y/3 y
Hn hp kh cha x
ol CO v
ol NO
Theo bi ra ta c:
44(x+ y) + 30.
x+ y+

y
3

y
3 = 2.20, 6 y = 3 x % n

FeCO3

y
3x
=
= 75%
x+ y x+ 3 x

Cu 34: |p |n B
l
Fe O
l O
xFe
Y + NaOH cho H2 suy ra Y cha Al d, Fe, v{ Al2O3 (v phn ng xy ra hon ton)
Y + NaOH: 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O 2NaAlO2 + 3H2 ; Al2O3 + 2NaOH 2NaAlO2 + H2O
heo ph

n tr nh h

ol

Dung dch Z gm NaOH d v{ NaAlO2

Dung dch Z + CO2: NaAlO2 + CO2 + H2O Al(OH)3 + NaHCO3.
2Al(OH)3 Al2O3 + 3H2O (2)
n

ol

9 66

6 96

Da v{o c|c phng |n tr li ta c |p |n B tha mn

Ch : tm oxit st ta lm nh sau:

p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng :

9
9

Cu 35: |p |n B

v n

GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

Ta thy Al tan trong NaOH m s mol H2 sinh ra ln th hai ln hn ln th nht nn phn 1 Na
ht, Al d. Gi s n
x v n
x t o N lO

Theo nh lut bo ton mol electron c: n

n
n
n nx
x
x
Phn 2 c Al v{ Na u phn ng ht nn:
n
n
n
n
n
n
Vy trong X c 0,2 mol Na v 0,3 mol Al
Cu 36: |p |n D

Gi x l{ s mol Cl2 sinh ra s mol H2 to ra K l{ 2 x (mol).

3

C|c qu| trnh nhng-nhn electron:

K(-): Cu
e
Cu
H O
x

2x
3

4x
3

OH

A(+): Cl

2x
3

Cl

2x x

e
2x

V c kh sinh ra catot nn Cu2+ v Cl- u hthn hp cha x mol CuSO4 v 2x mol NaCl.
3

Khi l

Vy: %CuSO4=

ht t n

x
3

ol

0,1.160
.100%=31,31% .
51,1

Cu 37: |p |n B .
Pthh : 3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3- 3Cu 2+ + 2NO + 4H2 O
0,3 0,8
0,2
Dung dch thu c gm 2 mui l Cu 2+ v Fe2+ cc cht tham gia phn ng va .

n Fe NO = n NO- = 0,1 mol m = 0,1.180 = 18g.

3 2
3
2
1
n H2SO4 = n H+ = 0, 4 mol a = 0, 4 / 2 = 0, 2M.
2
Cu 38: |p |n C
n
7
Cu h n ph n n vi H SO
8
n
Cho phn 2 vo dung dch NO vi n
Fe
NO
Fe NO
Cu
NO
Cu NO
Ta thy n
n
n
Fe NO
NO
Fe NO
V n
n
7 n
o
n
7

n n

n nn

r ph n n
7

Cu 39: |p |n B
loi b ht cc ion Ca 2+ ;Mg 2+ ;Ba 2+ ;H+ ra khi dung dch th phi dng dung dch K 2 CO3 . V khi
c cc phn ng xy ra ,c th loi b c kt ta hoc khi bay ln.

GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

Ca 2+ + CO32- CaCO3 ;
Mg 2+ + CO32- MgCO3
2H+ + CO32- CO2 +H2 O ;

Ba 2+ + CO32- BaCO3

Ch : Vi nhng bi ton nh th ny th chng ta c th lm bng pp loi tr .

Vi Na 2SO4 th chng ta khng lai b c H +
Vi NaOH th chng ta khng loi b c Ba 2+ .
Vi AgNO3 th chng ta khng loi b c Ba 2+ ; H + ; Ca 2+ .
Cu 40: |p |n D
CO
Fe OH
l OH
CuO
{ M CO
Cu 41: |p |n C
n
i {n
b
Xt c}n bng
Mol ban u
Mol phn ng
Mol c}n bng
p
n
o
p
n

O
Fe O
l O
CuO
{M O
{

N
x
x

Fe O
C { CuO
M O
{

b
b 7
H
8
x
8
x
8

b
NH

nh lu t b o ton

Fe
{ Cu
M O

x
x
x

Cu 42: |p |n A
Chn 1 mol hn hp kh NO v N O
n
b
i {n
{
b
b
9
heo

lO
OH

ol ele tron n

8n

p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t cho nit c: n

Vy t l s phn t b kh v b oxi ha trong phn ng l: n
Cu 43: |p |n A
NO

Ch n n
Cu 44: |p |n D
n
H

th n
6

h n hi

n
N th

ol

n
6

l OH b h

NO
O
HNO
n

u l OH

NO
H O
NO

n
n

6
6

O
HNO
NO
H O

ol
h

b h

t n

ol
t n
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

ol

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

n
8n
n
n
ol h n th
n
H
l OH b t n
t phn
ph n n
n
x
8x
6
i {n
{
{
88
n
8x
x
Cu 45: |p |n D
Ta c: n
n
TH1 Al cha tan ht.
Gi x, y l{ s mol Ba v{ Al c trong m (g) hn hp.
+TH1: X + H2O.
Ba + 2H2O Ba(OH)2 + H2
2Al + Ba(OH)2 + H2O Ba(AlO2)2 + 3H2
Mol: x

x
x
x

3x
8 96
n
x
x
ol
+TH2: X + Ba(OH)2 d.
Ba + 2H2O Ba(OH)2 + H2
Mol: x
x
n

Vy:

2Al + Ba(OH)2 + H2O Ba(AlO2)2 + 3H2

y
1,5y

ol
6 7

6
7

ol

9 9(g).

Cu 46: |p |n D
Ba(OH)2

CO2
Kt ta
trng

SO2

C2H4

C2H2

SO3

Kt ta trng

Kt ta trng

H2SO4 (cho
Kt ta khng
v{o kt ta
Kt ta tan
Kt ta tan
tan
bn trn)
Nc brom
Mt m{u
Mt m{u
Mt m{u
AgNO3/NH3
Kt ta v{ng
Cu 47: |p |n B
2Cu(NO3)2 2CuO + 4NO2 + O2
Mol:
4x x
Khi lng cht rn gim bng khi lng kh sinh ra:
Suy ra : 6 x
x
V x
ol
Hp th hn hp kh v{o nc: 4NO2 + O2 +2H2O 4HNO3
Mol:
0,1
0,1
0,1
= 1 (M) .
Vy [HNO3]=
0,1
Cu 48: |p |n C
Bo to{n khi lng ta c
mX = mY m = 23,3-15,2= 8,1(g) n Al = 0,3(mol);nCr2O3 = 0,1 (mol) 2Al+Cr2O3 Al2O3 +2Cr
Do Al d. Y gm 0,1 mol Al; 0,1 mol Al2O3 v 0,2 mol Cr.
3
Vy nH2 = n Al +nCr = 0,35(mol) V = 7,84 (l)
2
Cu 49: |p |n A
l O
l
N lO
{
{ Fe
Fe
{

ol l OH
Fe O
N OH
l
GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE

Tuyn tp 100 bi tp ha hay v kh tp 1

Phng trnh nhit nhm: 8 l
Fe O
l O
9Fe
n
b
i{ n
9
{n
{
b
b
n
b
8
Cu 50: |p |n A
Phn ng:
OH
l SO
SO
l OH
Khi thu c m gam kt ta th t l th tch dung dch ca X v{ Y l{ 3:1 ng bng t l mol ca
OH v l SO
theo phng trnh. Do X v{ Y c nng mol bng nhau.
Khi t l th tch bng t l s mol cht trong 2 dung dch.
Chn V ng vi 1 mol l SO
th kt ta ti a gm 3 mol SO v 2 mol l OH
78 8
9
769
Gi s mol
OH ng vi V l dung dch X l a mol.
+) TH1: Sau phn ng l SO
cn d
Khi

t t
78

ol
769

SO v

ol l OH
7

+) TH2: l OH b ha tan mt phn

OH
l SO
SO
Mol
l OH
OH
lO
Mol
Khi kt ta gm 3 mol SO v
78 8
769

V V

l OH
H O

8
V V

ol l OH

Ht ---

GSTT GROUP SHARING THE VALUE