Tm hiu v DANH T GHP

(compound noun)
Danh t ghp l nhng danh t c to nn bi 2 hay nhiu t khc nhau. Thng c dng
[danh t + danh t] hoc [tnh t + danh t], ngoi ra cn mt s dng khc.
I. C 3 dng danh t ghp
1. M hay s dng khong trng: C khong trng gia cc t (tennis shoe)
2. S dng du gch ngang: C du gch ngang gia cc t (six- pack)
3. ng Khng c khong trng hay du gch ngang gia cc t (bedroom)
II. Di y l mt s v d v danh t ghp

Danh t

Danh t

bus stop

Is this the bus stop for the number 12 bus?

fire- fly

In the tropics you can see fire- flies at night.

football

Shall we play football today?

full moon
Tnh t

ng t
(- ing)

Danh t

Danh t

blackboard

ng t
(- ing)

Clean the blackboard please.

software

I cant install this software on my PC.

breakfast

We always eat breakfast at 8am.

washing
machine

Put the clothes in the red washing machine.

swimming
pool

Danh t

I always feel crazy at full moon.

What a beautiful swimming pool!

sunrise

I like to get up at sunrise.

haircut

You need a haircut.

train- spotting His hobby is train- spotting.

ng t

Gii t

Danh t

+ Cm gii t

Gii t

Danh t

check- out

Please remember that check- out is at 12 noon.

mother- inlaw

My mother- in- law lives with us.

Danh t

underworld

Do you think the police accept money from the

underworld?

Tnh t

truckful

We need 10 truckfuls of bricks.

III. Pht m
- Danh t ghp thng c trng m t u tin.
- Trong cm t pink ball, c hai t u c trng m nh nhau (nh bn bit, danh t v tnh t thng
xuyn c nhn mnh). Tuy nhin, nu nh l mt danh t ghp c ghp bi 1 tnh t + 1 danh t th
trng m s khng c nhn c 2 t na. Thay vo , trng m s nhn vo t ng trc v danh t
ghp c coi nh 1 t, ch nhn trng m 1 ln m thi (thng l t u tin ca danh t ghp).

- Trong danh t ghp golf ball, t u tin c nhn mnh hn, mc d c 2 t u l danh t. V golf
ball l mt danh t ghp ta coi n nh mt danh t n v v th n c mt trng m n chnh t u
tin.
Trng m rt quan trng trong danh t n. V d, n gip chng ta bit c nu ai ni a GREEN
HOUSE (ngi nh sn mu xanh) hay a GREENhouse (nh knh trng cy)
- iu quan trng l chng ta phi xc nh c u l t chnh ca danh t ghp thm s
(es). Chng ta c th cn c vo cc trng hp di y r hn v vn ny. Tuy nhin, cn lu
y ch l nhng cch xc nh theo hu ht cc trng hp chng ta d phn bit hn ch khng
phi l ng vi tt c.
*Nu t ghp c 1 danh t v cc thnh t khc l tnh t, ng t hay gii t th ta thng thm s (es)
vo sau danh t l c. V d: Swimming pools, greenhouses
- i vi danh t ghp c 2 danh t, hu ht cc trng hp danh t ng trc ng vai tr nh 1 tnh t
b tr cho danh t ng sau, v vy khi chuyn sang s nhiu th danh t ng sau s c thm s (es).
V d: Golf balls, tennis courts, train stations, apple trees
- C mt s t cc danh t ghp cu to bi 2 danh t, khi chuyn sang s nhiu th phi chuyn c 2 danh
t. Trng hp ny khng nhiu, v d:
Gentleman farmer - gentlemen farmers (ngi tri ch nui b, nga nh mt s thch kh khng v
mc ch kinh t)
Woman doctor - women doctors (n bc s)
- Cn li mt s t khng c t chnh r rng th thng c thm s (es) vo cui: toothbrushes,
check- outs, grown- ups (ngi trng thnh), good- for- nothings (ngi v tch s), also- runs (ngi, vn
ng vin tham gia thi u m khng c xp hng, khng t gii), higher- ups (ngi quyn cao chc
trng), go- betweens (ngi mi gii, trung gian), has- beens (ngi, vt ht thi), take- offs (s ct cnh,
chuyn bay ct cnh), breakdowns (s suy nhc, s tht bi, s hng my)
IV. Tham kho thm
1. Nhng danh t ghp c vit thnh mt t nh blackbird (= con so), whiteboard (bng trng),
bathroom (= phng tm) .v.v thng l nhng t c hai m tit. Nhng t n l thnh phn ca
chng thng l nhng t mt m tit.
V d: blackbird (con so) = black + bird
whiteboard (bng phoc- mi- ca) = white + board
bathroom (phng tm) = bath + room
classroom (phng hc) = class + room
skateboard (vn trt) = skate + board
girlfriend (bn gi) = girl + friend
2. Khi mt trong hai t thnh phn ca danh t ghp c nhiu hn mt m tit th danh t ghp s c du
gch ngang gia hoc c vit thnh hai t ring bit.
V d: eye- witness (nhn chng) = eye + witness
mother- in- law (m chng/ v) = mother + in + law
living room (phng khch) = living + room
drawing board (bng v) = drawing + board

petrol station (trm xng) = petrol + station

3. Trng m ca nhng danh t ghp thng ri vo m tit u tin. y l im khc bit gia danh t
ghp v hin tng cc t n l c kt hp b ngha cho nhau.
V d:
- a BLACKbird # a black BIRD
(con chim so) (con chim mu en)
- a GREENhouse # a green HOUSE
(nh knh trng cy) ( ngi nh mu xanh l cy)
- a WHITEboard # a white BOARD
(chic bng foc- mi- ca) (chic bng mu trng)
4.Tuy nhin vn c nhng ngoi l nh bus stop (= im dng xe but) khng h uc vit lin, dropout/ dropout (k b hc, hc sinh b hc) c vit theo c hai cch hay stepmother (= m k) li c
vit lin thnh mt t.
Khng c quy tc no l bt di bt dch th th phi :
Learn by heart!