TIU CHUN XY DNG VIT NAM

TCXDVN 296:2004
DN GIO - CC YU CU V AN TON SCAFFOLDING - SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
(bt buc p dng)
1. Phm vi p dng
Tiu chun ny quy nh cc yu cu v an ton khi lp dng, s dng, bo tr, tho d dn gio
trong xy dng, sa cha, ph d nh v cng trnh.
Tiu chun ny khng p dng i vi cc h dn gio treo thng xuyn hoc cc sn cng tc treo
t do trong khng gian.
2. Tiu chun vin dn
Quy chun Xy dng Vit Nam, chng 17
TCVN 5308- 1991. Quy phm k thut an ton trong xy dng
TCVN 6052-1995. Dn gio thp.
3. Cc thut ng - khi nim
3.1. Bn gio ch to sn: n v sn cng tc dng mt bn ch to sn, c cc mc neo cht vi
cc thanh ngang ca dn gio.
3.2. Dn gio: Mt h thng kt cu tm thi t trn nn vng hoc c th treo hoc neo, ta vo
cng trnh to ra ni lm vic cho cng nhn ti cc v tr cao so vi mt t hay mt sn c nh.
3.3. Dn gio tr v gi cng son di ng: H dn gio c cc tr ng, vn sn v gi sn
cng tc c th di chuyn trn tr ng.
3.4. Dn gio dm cng son : Dn gio c sn cng tc t trn cc thanh dm cng son t trong tng hoc trn mt nh. u pha bn trong c neo cht vo cng trnh hay kt cu.
3.5. Dn gio dm treo: Sn cng tc t trn hai thanh dm, c treo bng cc dy cp.
3.6. Dn gio chn vung : Dn gio c chn l cc khung g dng hnh vung, trn sn cng
tc chu ti trng nh v trung bnh.
3.7. Dn gio ct chng c lp: Dn gio t trn nn bng nhiu khung hng ct chng. Loi gio
ny ng c lp, khng ta vo cng trnh bao gm cc ct , dm dc, dm ngang v cc thanh
ging cho.
3.8. Dn gio ct chng n: Sn cng tc t trn cc dm ngang c u pha ngoi t trn cc
dm dc lin kt vi hng ct hay thanh ng n. u bn trong ca dm ngang t neo vo trong
hoc ln tng nh.
3.9. Dn gio h khung kiu thc th: Dn gio gm cc khung g hoc kim loi sn cng
tc.
3.10. Dn gio kiu thang lp cng son: Dn gio chu ti trng nh, sn cng tc t trn cc dm
cng son lin kt vi cc thang c lp hoc ni di.
3.11. Dn gio di ng y tay: Dn gio c t trn cc bnh xe v ch di chuyn khi y hoc
ko.
3.12. Dn gio khung thp ng ch to sn: H cc khung bng ng kim loi (chn gio), lp rp vi
nhau nh cc thanh ging.
3.13. Dn gio kiu chn nga: Dn gio chu ti trng nh hoc trung bnh, gm cc chn m
sn cng tc.
3.14. Dn gio v t hp dn gio thp ng v b ni: H dn gio c cu to t cc thanh thp
ng nh thanh tr ng, cc thanh ngang, dc dn gio v cc thanh ging; c tm chn cc thanh
tr v cc b ni c bit ni cc thanh tr v lin kt cc thanh khc.
3.15. Dn gio treo mc ni tip: Sn cng tc c t v mc vo hai dy cp thp treo song song
theo phng ngang, cc u dy lin kt cht vi cng trnh.
3.16. Dn gio treo nhiu im: Dn gio c bi nhiu dy cp treo t cc vt pha trn v
c lp t, vn hnh khi nng hoc h sn cng tc ti cc v tr yu cu.
3.17. Dn gio treo nhiu tng: Dn gio c cc sn cng tc cc ct cao khc nhau, t trn
cng mt h . H thng ny c th treo bi hai hay nhiu im.
3.18. Dy an ton: Dy mm buc vo ai ngang lng ngi hoc dng c lao ng, u gi buc
vo im c nh hoc dy bo h.

3.19. Dy bo h (dy thot him, dy cu nn): Dy thng ng t mt mc neo c nh c lp vi

sn cng tc v cc dy neo, dng treo hoc mc cc dy an ton.
3.20. Dy ai ngang lng : Dng c c bit eo vo ngi , dng treo gi hoc thot him cho
cng nhn khi ang lm vic hoc trong vng nguy him.
3.21. n v sn cng tc: Mt sn cng tc nh nht c th hot ng c lp hoc lp ghp thnh
mt sn cng tc ln hn. n v sn cng tc c th l cc tm g vn c bit, bn gio hoc sn
ch to sn bng kim loi.
3.22. Lan can: H thanh chn c lp dc theo cc mt h v phn cui ca sn cng tc, gm c
thanh trn (tay vn), thanh gia v cc tr .
3.23. Mn chn an ton: Mt tm mn chn t gia tay vn v thanh chn chn, ngn dng c lao
ng hoc vt liu khng ri khi dn gio.
3.24. Nn t gio: Nn mt t hoc nn sn vng ca cc tng nh v cng trnh.
3.25. Neo: B phn lin kt gia dn gio vi cng trnh hoc kt cu, tng cng n nh hai
phng cho dn gio.
3.26. Neo sau: Lin kt t cng trnh hoc kt cu vi mt thit b nng.
3.27. Sn cng tc: Sn cho cng nhn ng v xp vt liu ti cc v tr yu cu, c cu to t
mt hay nhiu n v sn cng tc.
3.28. Ti trng cng tc: Ti trng gm ngi , vt liu v thit b trn dn gio.
3.29. Ti trng tnh ton ln nht: Tng ti trng ca bn thn dn gio, ngi , thit b, dng c, vt
liu v cc tc ng khc ln dn gio.
3.30. Thanh ging: B phn gi c nh cho dn gio, lin h vi cc b phn khc.
3.31. Thit b nng: Thit b dng nng hay h mt h gio treo. N c th hot ng bng tay
hoc bng ng c (my).
3.32. Vn hoc sn ch to sn: Mt phng lm vic c to ra t cc kt cu g, kim loi hoc vt
liu mi dng c hoc c l.
4. Yu cu chung cho cc loi dn gio
4.1. Phn chung
4.1.1. Cc loi dn gio s dng trong xy dng phi m bo cc yu cu v thit k, cu to, lp
dng, vn hnh, tho d ghi trong h s k thut v h chiu ca nh ch to. Khng c lp dng,
s dng hoc tho d loi dn gio khng cc ti liu nu trn.
4.1.2. Cc b phn dng lp t dn gio phi ph hp vi h s k thut v nhng qui nh ca
tiu chun ny, bo m cc yu cu v cng , kch thc v trng lng . Dn gio phi c
thit k v lp dng chu lc an ton theo ti trng thit k.
4.1.3. Cng nhn lp dng v tho d dn gio phi qua o to v phi tun th cc yu cu ca quy
trnh v c trang b y cc phng tin bo h lao ng.
4.1.4. Khng c s dng dn gio trong cc trng hp sau:
a) Khng p ng c nhng yu cu k thut v iu kin an ton lao ng qui nh trong h s
thit k hoc trong h chiu ca nh ch to;
b) Khng ng chc nng theo tng loi cng vic;
c) Cc b phn ca dn gio c bin dng, rn nt, mn r ;
d) Khong cch t mp bin gii hn cng tc ca dn gio, gi ti mp bin lin k ca phng
tin vn ti nh hn 0,60m;
e) Cc ct hoc khung chn gio t trn nn km n nh (nn t yu, thot nc km, ln qu gii
hn cho php ca thit k...) c kh nng trt l hoc t trn nhng b phn hay kt cu nh
khng c tnh ton m bo chu lc n nh cho chnh b phn, kt cu v cho ct dn gio,
khung .
4.1.5. Khng c xp ti ln dn gio vt qu ti trng rnh ton. Nu s dng dn gio ch to
sn phi tun theo ch dn ca nh ch to.
4.1.6. Khng cho php dn gio di chuyn ngang hoc thay i kt cu h dn gio trong khi ang s dng, tr cc
dn gio c thit k c bit s dng cho yu cu trn.
4.1.7. Khng c lp dng, tho d hoc lm vic trn dn gio khi thi tit xu nh c ging t, tri
ti, ma to, gi mnh t cp 5 tr ln.

4.1.8. Dn gio v ph kin khng c dng nhng ni c ho cht n mn v phi c cc bin

php bo v thch hp cho dn gio khng b hu hoi theo ch dn ca nh ch to.
4.1.10. Tho d dn gio phi tin hnh theo ch dn ca thit k hoc nh ch to v bt u t nh
dn gio:
Cc b phn v lin kt tho ri phi h xung an ton, khng ri t do. Phi duy tr s n nh
ca phn dn gio cha tho d cho n khi tho xong.
Trong khu vc ang tho d, phi c ro ngn, bin cm ngi v phng tin qua li. Khng tho
d dn gio bng cch git .
4.1.11. Khi lp dng, s dng hay tho d dn gio gn ng dy ti in (di 5m, k c
ng dy h th) cn phi c bin php m bo an ton v in cho cng nhn v phi c s
ng ca c quan qun l in v ng dy (ngt in khi dng lp, li che chn...)
4.2. H dn gio
4.2.1. Chn ca cc dn gio phi vng chc v kh nng chu c ti trng tnh ton ln nht.
Cc vt khng bn nh thng g, hp cc-tng, gch vn hoc cc khi t do, khng c dng
lm chn gio.
4.2.2. Cc ct chng, chn gio hay thanh ng ca dn gio phi bo m t thng ng cng nh
c ging, lin kt cht vi nn chng xoay v dch chuyn.
4.2.3. Khi dng dy thng, dy tng hp hay cp thp trong cc cng vic c ho cht n mn hay
khng kh n mn, cn phi c bin php khc phc chng li s ph hu ca cc cht ni trn.
4.2.4. Tt c cc loi dy cp dng treo dn gio phi c kh nng chu lc t nht gp su ln ti
trng thit k.
4.3. Cc yu cu v ti trng.
4.3.1. Dn gio phi kh nng chu lc m khng b ph hoi bi ti trng bn thn v t nht bn
ln ti trng tnh ton. Ring i vi h thng lan can an ton, cp treo v cc cu kin g c p
dng theo yu cu ring.
4.3.2. Mc ti trng: Cc ti trng ln nht c phn loi nh sau:
Ti trng nng: p dng cho dn gio mang ti trng cng tc 375Kg/m 2 dng cho xy gch, , cng
vt liu t trn sn cng tc.
Ti trng trung bnh: p dng cho dn gio mang ti trng cng tc 250Kg/m 2 dng cho ngi v va
xy trt.
Ti trng nh: p dng cho dn gio mang ti trng cng tc 125Kg/m 2 dng cho ngi v dng c
lao ng.
Ti trng c bit: p dng cho dn gio mang ti trng c bit cng vt liu km theo.
4.3.3. Phn loi ti trng i vi n v sn cng tc
4.3.3.1.Yu cu v ti trng do ngi : Ti trng thit k cho sn cng tc c tnh ton trn c s
mt hay nhiu hn mt ngi c trng lng 75 Kg v 25Kg dng c cho mi ngi . Mi n v
sn cng tc phi kh nng c t nht mt ngi theo qui nh sau:
a) Sn cng tc dng cho mt ngi c thit k v lp t kh nng c ti trng 100 Kg
t ti gia sn;
b) Sn cng tc dng cho hai ngi c thit k v lp t kh nng c ti trng lm vic 200
Kg, trong 100 Kg t cch 0,45 m v pha tri v 100 Kg t cch 0,45 m v pha phi ca ng thng
gia sn cng tc.
c) Sn cng tc dng cho ba ngi c thit k v lp t kh nng c ti trng lm vic 300 Kg, trong
100 Kg t cch 0,45 m v pha tri, 100 Kg t chnh gia v 100 Kg t cch 0,45 m v pha phi ca
ng thng gia sn cng tc.
4.3.3.2. Cc yu cu v ti trng phn b: mi n v sn cng tc ti v tr thch hp, phi thit k v lp
dng mang ti trng phn b xen k vi ti trng do ngi theo 4.3.3.1. Ti trng phn b v ti trng do
ngi khng tnh ton tc dng ng thi m cn dng t hp hn ch ti a thit k sn cng tc
ph hp.
4.4. Cc yu cu v sn cng tc (Hnh 1-7, ph lc B)
4.4.1. Sn cng tc phi chc chn, bo m chu c ti trng tnh ton. Vt liu c la chn
lm sn phi c cng , p ng cc yu cu thc t, khng b n mn ho hc v chng c
xm thc ca kh quyn.
Ch thch: Cc vn v sn cng tc ch to sn bao gm cc vn khung g, cc vn gio v sn dm
nh hnh.

4.4.2. Sn cng tc (tr khi c ging hoc neo cht) phi di vt qua thanh ngang c hai
u mt on khng nh hn 0,15m v khng ln hn 0,5m.
4.4.3. Vn g:
a) Cc vn g phi c thit k sao cho vng gia nhp theo ti trng tnh ton khng vt
qu 1/60 nhp dn gio.
b) Nhp ln nht ca vn g c qui nh theo thit k v nh sn xut trn c s tnh ton
tin cy i vi vn sn g.
c) Vn g cn dng nhng ni cao ro v lu thng khng kh tt. Nu vn s dng cn ti hoc
trong iu kin m th vic tnh ton ng sut v kim tra theo 4.4.3.a) phi k n m ca g.
4.4.4. Bn gio, vn v sn ch to sn, bao gm cc loi: bn gio ch to sn; vn ch to sn; vn
g c khung; vn c dm v sn dm nh hnh.
4.4.4.1. Bn gio ch to sn: Chiu rng nh nht ca bn gio khng nh hn 0,3 m; chiu di tiu
chun t 1,8m n 3,0 m.
4.4.4.2. Chiu di v chiu rng ca cc vn v sn cng tc ch to sn theo quy nh bng
.
Bng 1. Quy cch,ti trng tnh ton ca vn v sn cng tc ch to sn

Sn phm ch to Ti trng tnh ton (Kg) Chiu di ln nhtChiu rng ln nhtChiu rng nh nht
sn
(m)
(m)
(m)
Vn g c khung

110

7,2

0,5

0,3

Vn gio

220

9,6

0,5

0,3

Vn c dm

220

12,0

0,75

0,5

nh 330

12,0

0,90

0,5

Sn
hnh

dm

Ch thch: Bng 1 khng p dng i vi bn gio.

4.4.5. Mi bn gio ch to sn phi c cc mc neo v cho php bn gio t khp vo cc b
phn ca gio. Cc mc neo bo m gi cht cho bn gio khng b nhc ln.
4.4.6. Cc kiu bn gio: c th l loi c, loi thanh hay loi c mt li thong. Mt bn gio phi
c gi cht vi cc thanh chn bin hay cc thanh ngang cho nhau.
a) h bn gio: h ln nht gia bn gio vi mi thanh chn bin v gia cc tm vn khng
qu 1 cm;
b) B mt bn gio: c th t thp hn mt trn ca thanh chn bin. Mt bn gio kim loi phi c
bin php bo m chng trn trt .
4.5. Yu cu v lan can an ton
4.5.1. Phi lp t h thng lan can bo v ti tt c mt h v phn cui ca cc sn cng tc cao
hn 3,0 m so vi mt t hoc sn nh, tr cc trng hp sau:
a) Trong khi lp dng hoc tho d dn gio;
b) Khi dn gio t trong nh, ti ton b din tch nn t dn gio c bao tng xung quanh,
khng c mt h hoc cc l sn thng nh thang my hay thang b;
c) Khi s dng cc dy bo h v dy an ton cho ngi i vi gio dm treo, gh ngi treo, dn
gio kiu thang;
d) Khi s dng cc kiu thang ng t do dn gio.
4.5.2.Tay vn lan can phi c chiu cao t 0,9m n 1,15 m so vi mt sn.
4.5.3. Cc tr h lan can t cch nhau khng qu 3,0 m.

4.5.4. Thanh chn chn c lm t g x hay tng ng kch thc 0,025m x 0,1m, t ko di
pha trn cch mt sn 0,04m. Cc thanh chn chn phi c lp cng vi h lan can tt c cc
mt h v phn cui dn gio ti nhng ni c ngi lm vic hoc i li pha di .
4.5.5. Thanh ging cho nhau c th dng thay th cho thanh gia h lan can khi giao im hai thanh
v tr t nht 0,5m v khng qu 0,75 m tnh t mt sn cng tc.
4.5.6. Khi vt liu cht ng cao hn thanh chn chn ni c ngi lm vic pha di , phi b tr
mn chn an ton gia thanh chn chn v tay vn. Nu dng li thp lm mn chn, c th b
thanh chn gia.
4.6. Thang, li i li, bin bo
4.6.1. Phi to li i an ton n sn cng tc ca cc kiu dn gio theo mt trong nhng cch sau,
tr khi ang lp dng hoc tho d:
S dng thang g, kim loi, cht do c ch to sn hoc p dng theo cc tiu chun hin hnh
c lin quan;
S dng cc bc thang lin kt vi chn khung gio, khong cch ln nht gia cc bc ca khung
khng qu 0,4m, di ca bc khng nh hn 0,25 m;
S dng thang c mc hay thang kim loi lp ghp vi kiu dn gio c thit k ph hp;
Ca ra vo trc tip t kt cu bn cnh hoc t thit b nng.
4.6.2. Khi dn gio cao trn 12 m phi lm cu thang trong khoang dn gio. dc cu thang khng
c ln hn 600. Trng hp dn gio cao di 12m th c th dng thang ta hay thang dy.
4.6.3.Thang phi c nh v chc chn, khng lm x dch gio. Ngi ln xung thang phi dng
hai tay bm cht vo kt cu v khng du m hay bn t dnh vo tay, giy dp. Khng c
s dng cc thanh ging xin lm phng tin ln xung dn gio.
4.6.4. Cc li i li di dn gio phi c che chn v bo v pha trn u ngi .
4.6.5. Ni c ngi hoc phng tin qua li, phi c bin bo hiu r rng, dng ro chn hoc
cng dy gii hn khu vc dn gio.
5. Yu cu i vi cc nhm dn gio.
5.1. Nhm dn gio t trn mt t.
5.1.1. Phn chung
5.1.1.1. Cc b phn ca h dn gio, bao gm cc thanh ng, thanh dc, thanh ngang, ging, mi
ni v li i li, c thit k chu ti trng theo 4.3.1.
5.1.1.2. Cc ct chng phi t trn nn t yu cu v cng bo m chng ln. Cc ct phi
t thng ng.
5.1.1.3. Thanh ging xin dng chng, khng cho dn gio b di chuyn hoc bin hnh.
5.1.1.4. Thanh ging cho nhau phi t gia cc ct trong v ngoi ca h gio ct c lp. Cc
mt h cui ca dn gio cng phi c ging cho nhau. Thanh ging cho nhau ch c ni ti
ct.
5.1.1.5. H lan can bo v v thanh chn chn, lp t theo quy nh mc 4.5.1. Mn chn v li
thp phi ph hp vi 4.5.6.
5.1.1.6. Nhp ln nht cho php ca vn sn phi ph hp vi 4.4.3; 4.4.4 v kh nng chu ti
trng tc dng trn sn.
5.1.1.7. Ca v li i ra, vo dn gio lp t nh quy nh ca iu 4.6.1.
5.1.2. Mt s loi dn gio t trn mt t
5.1.2.1. Dn gio ct chng g (hnh1 -Ph lc C).
5.1.2.1.1. Dn gio ct chng g,ty iu kin ni t gio, cn b tr st vi tng nh v cng
trnh.
5.1.2.1.2. Dn gio ct phi lin kt cht vi nh hoc kt cu. Ni c chiu cao vt qu 7,5 m, dn
gio phi c ging ti cc v tr theo thit k nhng khng cch nhau qu 7,5 m theo chiu ng
v chiu ngang.
5.1.2.1.3. Ti ch ni ct, cc u ct phi phng v c tit din u nhau. Cc tm g dng ni
c t hai mt st lin k nhau, c chiu di khng nh hn 1,2 m, c cng chiu rng v tit
din khng nh hn tit din thanh ct chng. Nu tm ni bng cc vt liu khc, phi c cng
tng ng .

5.1.2.1.4. Cc thanh hay dm ngang phi t cnh ln hn ca tit din ngang theo chiu ng v
di vt qua cc thanh dc ca cc hng ct trong v ngoi t nht l 0,075m v mi pha.
5.1.2.1.5. Cc thanh dc phi di vt qua khong cch gia hai ct. Khng c ni thanh
dc trong khong hai ct. Thanh dc c gia c bng cc tm k lin kt cht vi ct chng to
thnh vt cc thanh ngang.
5.1.2.1.6. Khi chuyn sn cng tc ti cao tip theo, sn cng tc c phi gi nguyn n khi lp
t xong cc thanh hay dm ngang mi c th tip nhn sn cng tc mi.
5.1.2.1.7. Phi lp dng cc ging cho nhau ngn cn cc ct khng dch chuyn theo phng
song song vi mt nh, cng trnh hoc b cong, vng.
5.1.2.1.8. Phi c bin php phng, chng chy i vi dn gio ct chng g.
5.1.2.2. Dn gio chn vung (hnh2-Ph lc C).
5.1.2.2.1. Khong cch gia hai chn g ca dn gio dng hnh vung khng qu 1,5m v chiu cao
khng qu 1,5m.
5.1.2.2.2. Cc b phn khc c kch thc khng nh hn qui nh trong bng 2.
Bng 2. Kch thc tit din nh nht ca cc b phn dn gio chn vung
b phn

kch thc (m)

Cc dm hay thanh ngang

0,05 x 0,15

Chn

0,05 x 0,15

Cc ging gc

0,025 x 0,15

Cc ging cho ca khung gia

0,025 x 0,20

5.1.2.2.3. Phi gia c ti cc gc c hai pha mi chn vung bng cc thanh m (ging gc) c kch
thc 0,025m x 0,15 m.
5.1.2.2.4. Cc chn gio t cch nhau khng qu 1,5 m i vi dn gio chu ti trng trung bnh v
khng qu 2,4 m i vi dn gio chu ti trng nh. Phi b tr cc thanh ging 0,025m x 0,20m ni
t y mt chn vung n nh ca chn vung lin k c hai mt ca gio.
5.1.2.2.5. Cc u vn sn phi t ko di qua cc thanh ca chn vung. Mi tm vn c t
trn t nht ba chn vung. C th s dng vn ch to sn.
5.1.2.2.6. Mt sn cng tc phi ngang bng v lin kt chc chn. Khng c lp dng qu ba tng
gio v khi xp tng, phi t trc tip mt chn vung trn mt chn vung khc.
5.1.2.3. Dn gio chn nga (hnh 3-Ph lc C)
5.1.2.3.1 Cc dn gio chn nga khng t ln nhau nhiu hn hai tng, hoc khng cao hn 3m.
5.1.2.3.2 Kch thc cc b phn cu to chn nga khng c nh hn quy nh bng 3.
5.1.2.3.3. Cc chn t cch nhau khng qu 1,5m vi ti trng va v khng qu 2,4m vi ti trng
nh.
5.1.2.3.4. Khi xp tng, mi chn nga phi t trc tip ln chn pha di .
Bng 3. Kch thc tit din nh nht cc b phn Chn nga
b phn

kch thc (m)

Cc dm hay thanh ngang

0,075 x 0,10

Chn

0,03 x 0,10

Ging dc cc chn

0,025 x 0,15

Cc ging ke gc nh chn

0,025 x 0,20

Cc ging cho

0,03x 0,10

* Cc kch thc trn c tnh vi chiu di ln nht l 3,0m

5.1.2.3.5. Cc chn phi c ng inh vi vn sn chng chuyn v hoc x y v mi chn

phi c gi cht bng cc thanh ging cho.
5.1.2.4. dn gio v t hp dn gio thp ng v b ni
a- Dn gio n (hnh 4-Ph lc C)
5.1.2.4.1. Dn gio thp ng v b ni c cu to t cc thanh ng, cc thanh dc v ngang dn
gio v cc thanh ging.
5.1.2.4.2. Dn gio thp ng v b ni chu ti trng nh c cc thanh ng, thanh ngang, thanh dc
v cc thanh ging bng thp ng c ng knh ngoi l 50mm (ng knh trong l 47,5 mm).
Cc thanh ng t cch nhau khng qu 1,2 m theo chiu ngang v 3,0 m dc theo chiu di ca
gio. Cc kt cu kim loi khc khi s dng phi thit k chu ti trng tng ng .
5.1.2.4.3. Dn gio thanh thp ng v b ni chu ti trng trung bnh c cc thanh ng, thanh dc v
cc thanh ging bng thp ng c ng knh ngoi 50mm (ng knh trong l 47,5 mm).
Khi cc thanh ng t cch nhau khng qu 1,8m theo phng ngang v 2,4m theo phng dc
dn gio phi c cc thanh ngang bng thp ng ng knh ngoi 64mm (trong 60mm).
Khi cc thanh ng t cch nhau khng qu 1,0 m theo phng ngang v 2,4 m theo phng dc
dn gio phi c cc thanh ngang bng thp ng ng knh ngoi 50mm (trong 47,5mm). Cc kt
cu kim koi khc khi s dng phi thit k chu ti trng tng ng .
5.1.2.4.4. Dn gio thanh thp ng v b ni chu ti trng nng c cc thanh ng, thanh ngang,
thanh dc v cc thanh ging bng thp ng ng knh ngoi 64mm (trong 60mm) vi cc thanh
ng t cch nhau khng qu 1,5m theo phng ngang v 1,5m theo phng dc ca dn gio.
Cc kt cu kim koi khc khi s dng phi thit k chu ti trng tng ng .
5.1.2.4.5. Cc thanh dc c lp dc theo chiu di ca dn gio ti cc cao xc nh. Nu thanh
trn v thanh gia ca h lan can dng thanh thp ng th chng c dng thay cho cc thanh
dc. Khi di chuyn h lan can ti cao khc, cn b sung cc thanh dc thay th. Cc thanh dc
di cng cn t st vi mt nn. Cc thanh dc t cch nhau khng qu 1,8 m theo chiu ng
tnh t im gia.
5.1.2.4.6. Cc thanh ngang t theo phng ngang gia cc thanh ng v gn cht vi cc thanh
ng bng cc b ni nm trn b ni thanh dc. Cc thanh ngang t cch nhau khng qu 1,8 m
theo chiu ng tnh t im gia.
5.1.2.4.7. Chiu di cc thanh ngang phi vt qu thanh ng theo chiu rng ca gio mt on
cn thit, lp b ni v to thnh tay cho sn gio c ti trng nh v va nhng khng
vt qu hai thanh vn rng 0,25 m, tr khi c thanh chng cho.
5.1.2.4.8. Thanh ging cho theo phng ngang ca gio t cc u hi gio t nht phi c
t ti tng th t theo phng ng v lp li mi hng th ba theo phng dc gio. Thanh
ging cho c ni t thanh ng hay thanh dc ca mt tng hng ln vi thanh ng hay thanh
dc ca tng tip theo.
5.1.2.4.9. Thanh ging cho theo phng dc gio phi t hng thanh ng pha ngoi c gc
nghing t 400 n 500 bt u t im st nn ca thanh ng u tin hoc cui cng hng ln
gia nh ca dn gio. Nu dn gio qu di, phi b tr thanh ging tip theo nh quy nh.
5.1.2.4.10. Dn gio thanh thp ng khi hot ng phi c lin kt cht vi tng hoc kt cu khi
c chiu cao ln hn bn ln kch thc nh nht chn gio. Thanh neo ng u tin v thanh neo
cho dc gio phi bt u cng mt im. Thanh neo ng c t tip theo ti cc v tr cch
nhau khng qu 7,5m. Thanh neo nh t ti ch khng thp hn bn ln kch thc nh nht chn
gio tnh t nh ca dn gio. Cc thanh neo dc t ti cc im cui v cc v tr cch nhau khng
qu 9,0 m, bo m khng cho dn gio b xoay hay b tch khi tng nh hoc kt cu.
5.1.2.4.11. Khi dng dn gio thp ng cao trn 4m phi thit k h thng chng st tr trng hp
dn gio c lp dng trong phm vi bo v ca h thng chng st c.
b- T hp dn gio thanh thp ng ni (hnh 5-Ph lc C)
5.1.2.4.12. Tt c cc b phn ca h dn gio gm thanh ng, thanh ngang, thanh dc, thanh dn,
b ni ai c, thanh ging v ca i li phi c tnh ton kh nng chu lc m khng b ph
hoi bi ti trng bn thn v ti thiu phi bng bn ln ti trng tnh ton ln nht. Nhp gia cc
thanh ng v thanh dc phi ph hp vi ti trng yu cu theo qui nh ca nh ch to khng
lm qu ti trn thanh ngang.
5.1.2.4.13. Khi t hp dn gio thanh thp ng ni, cc b phn phi gn cht vi cc thanh ging
cho ng to ra mt khi c nh. Cc ging cho ngang hoc cc bin php ph hp c dng
to cho dn gio vung gc vi mt nn v to ra cc im neo cng theo ch dn ca nh ch to.
5.1.2.4.14. Tt c lin kt trn mt tng ca dn gio phi c lm chc chn trc khi lp dng
mt tng gio tip theo.

5.1.2.4.15. Ni d b nh ln, cm cc thanh ng phi c kho cng nhau theo chiu ng bng
cc cht hoc bin php tng ng .
5.1.2.4.16. Cc b phn dn gio do cc nh sn xut khc nhau ch to khng c lp vo cng
mt h gio.
5.1.2.4.17. Khi tho d h dn gio, cc b phn pha trn mi thanh neo phi c tho d trc
khi tho d thanh neo.
5.1.2.4.18. T hp dn gio thanh thp ng ni c chiu cao vt qu 37,5 m t trn chn c
iu chnh phi do cc chuyn gia k thut thit k. Cn sao chp li bn v v cc c im k thut
ti ch phc v cng tc kim tra.
5.1.2.5. dn gio khung thp ng ch to sn (hnh 6-Ph lc C).
5.1.2.5.1. Khong cch gia cc khung phi thch hp vi ti trng tc ng. Nh ch to phi c ch
dn v ti trng cho php, kiu ging v cc b ni.
5.1.2.5.2. Cc chn khung st nn phi lp cc chn c iu chnh v t trn cc tm chng
ln c th chu c ti trng ti a ca h.
5.1.2.5.3. Khi t mt khung trn mt khung khc, phi s dng b ni to cho cc chn khung thng
ng. Cc thanh neo phi theo quy nh iu 5.1.2.5.5.
5.1.2.5.4. Ni d b nh ln, cc khung phi c kho cht vi nhau theo chiu ng bng cc cht
hoc bin php tng ng .
5.1.2.5.5. Khi s dng dn gio khung thp ng ch to sn phi tun theo yu cu ca iu
5.1.2.4.9.
5.1.2.5.6. Khung v cc b phn do cc nh sn xut khc nhau ch to khng c lp ln, tr cc
b phn c cc thng s tng ng .
5.1.2.5.7. Phi kim tra nh k khung v ph kin ca dn gio ng thp ch to sn. Nhng b phn
h hng hay b mn, phi c thay th. Cng tc bo tr phi c tin hnh trc khi s dng.
5.1.2.6. dn gio di ngiu khin tay (hnh 7,8,9-Ph lc C).
(Thit b iu khin bng in khng cp trong tiu chun ny).
a- Cao lm vic
5.1.2.6.1. Chiu cao ca thp dn gio di ng khi ng c lp khng c ln hn bn ln kch
thc nh nht chn gio. Cc khung m rng c tnh vo phn kch thc nh nht chn gio.
5.1.2.6.2. Chiu rng nh nht ca sn cng tc trn cc tng khng c nh hn 0,5 m. Nu dng
vn hay sn ghp, tng chiu rng phi p ng cc yu cu nu trn. Khe h gia cc vn sn lin
k khng ln hn 2,5 cm .
5.1.2.6.3. Cc dn gio phi c ging cht bng cc ging ch thp, ging ngang hay ging xin;
bng nh v sn cng tc hoc cc bin php tng t lin kt cc thanh ng lin k nhau, bo
m vung gc v thng hng.
5.1.2.6.4. Sn cng tc phi c nh v cht, chng c s chuyn dch theo cc phng .
b- bnh xe
5.1.2.6.5. Cc bnh xe c thit k phi m bo chu c bn ln ti trng tnh ton.
5.1.2.6.6. Cc bnh xe phi c lp cao su hoc lp n hi vi vng m c ng knh nh nht l
0,1m, tr khi c yu cu thit k c bit bng vt liu khc.
5.1.2.6.7. Cc bnh xe phi c vng m ni v b phn hm hoc kho chng dch chuyn v
chng xoay khi dn gio ng.
5.1.2.6.8. Cc bnh xe phi lin kt cht vi chn dn gio hoc vi b ni bo m cc bnh xe khng b
bt ra khi lin kt trong bt k trng hp no.
5.1.2.6.9. Phi b kho cht cc bnh xe khi khng s dng .
c- S dng dn gio di ng.
5.1.2.6.10. Phi m bo n nh thp trong khi di chuyn dn gio di ng. Trn ng di chuyn
phi khng c vt cn tr.
5.1.2.6.11. Khng cho php ngi , vt liu, dng c cm tay hoc cc thit b khc ln sn cng tc
khi dn gio ang di chuyn.
5.1.2.6.12. Khong cch nh nht gia cc chn khi dn gio phi di chuyn, t nht phi bng mt
na chiu cao dn gio. Cc khung m rng c lp bnh xe c tnh l mt phn ca khong cch
cc chn khi cc bnh xe lun tip xc vi mt nn trong khi di chuyn.

5.1.2.7. dn gio kiu thang (hnh 10,11,12-Ph lc C).

5.1.2.7.1. Cc thang n hoc thang ko di c lp cng son, thang ch A, thang ch A m rng c
th c dng cc vn hay sn cng tc.
5.1.2.7.2. Tng trng lng ca cng nhn, vn sn, h v vt liu trn sn cng tc khng c
vt qu kh nng chu ti ca thang.
5.1.2.7.3. cao ln nht ca sn cng tc i vi dn gio kiu thang lp cng son khng c
vt qu 6m tnh t mt nn t thang;
cao ln nht ca sn cng tc i vi dn gio kiu thang khng lp cng son khng c vt
qu bn ln chiu rng t chn pha ngoi ca thang tr khi dn gio c lin kt cht bng buc
dy, neo hoc ging.
5.1.2.7.4. Mt nn chn thang phi c lm sch. Khng c vt liu ri hay cht liu trn
lm trt chn thang.
5.1.2.7.5. Thang c lp cng son:
a) Thang lp cng son dng vi vn g hay vn g c khung, ch dng cho mt ngi trn vn sn.
Nu l vn ch to sn, s dng khng qu hai ngi trn vn sn, nhng mi ngi phi ng
trn mi na nhp vn sn.
b) Cc cng son phi c lin kt chc chn vi thang, m bo p ng mi yu cu v ti trng
theo tiu chun ny.
c) Cc thang khi ng phi t nghing khong 75 0 so vi phng ngang.
d) Cc u cui trn v di ca thang phi lin kt chc chn vo kt cu ngay t khi lp dng v
trc khi s dng.
e) Chiu rng nh nht ca sn cng tc bng 0,45m nu l vn g; 0,30m nu l vn ch to sn.
f) Mi cng nhn trn dn gio kiu thang lp cng son phi s dng dy bo him.
5.1.2.7.5. i vi thang ch A: Sn cng tc khng t cao hn bc th hai t trn xung.
5.1.2.8. dn gio tr v gi cng son di ng (hnh 13-Ph lc C).
5.1.2.8.1. Gi cng son di ng, ging v cc ph kin c ch to sn bng cc tm kim loi,
thp gc. Mi gi phi c nh v bng hai im lin kt chng b bin dng hay trt .
5.1.2.8.2. Chiu rng ca sn cng tc khng nh hn 0,45 m .
5.1.2.8.3. Cc tr ng t cch nhau khng qu 2,1 m theo tim tr; chiu cao tr khng vt qu
9,0 m v khng c t qu mt gi di ng trn mt tr.
5.1.2.8.4. Cc tr ng phi lin kt cht vi cng trnh bng cc ging neo hnh tam gic hoc tng
ng ti chn, nh v cc im cn thit khc sao cho khong cch gia cc im ging theo
phng ng khng vt qu 3,0 m.
5.1.2.8.5. Cc thanh tr c ch to sn bng g hoc kim loi. Cc thanh tr phi bo m c
chiu di lin tc v cng loi ph hp. i vi tr bng g, khng c ni tng chiu di thanh.
5.1.2.8.6. Khi dng bn ph cao khong 1,0m so vi mt sn cng tc, c th khng dng lan can an
ton nu mt bn ph lt kn, cc vn c lin kt cht v chu c ti trng 90 Kg theo mi
phng .
5.1.2.8.7. Dn gio tr, gi di ng c thit k vi ti trng 200 Kg v khng c qu hai
ngi ng thi trn gio.
5.2. Nhm dn gio treo
5.2.1. Phn chung
5.2.1.1. Tt c vt t, cu kin v thit b dng lp t dn gio treo phi ph hp vi ni dung ca
tiu chun ny v nhng iu kin thc t c chp nhn.
5.2.1.2 Nhng ni c nhng iu kin bt thng nh : ng dy in, vt cn tr gio di chuyn
hoc thit b khc hot ng gn dn gio treo, v.v... cn t bin cnh bo hay hng ro bo v
m bo an ton cho ngi s dng.
5.2.1.3. Ch cho php nhng ngi c o to v vn hnh, s dng v kim tra dn gio treo
c iu khin hot ng dn gio treo. Phi bo m an ton chng ri ng vi yu cu t nht l
mt dy treo c nh mc vo ngi hay dy tht lng mi cng nhn v dy dng c.
5.2.1.4. Thit k, lp dng v di chuyn cc dn gio treo, phi c s gim st cht ch ca chuyn
gia k thut.

5.2.1.5. Cc tng gio (sn cng tc) dng vi dn gio treo, phi ph hp vi cc quy nh phn 4
v sn cng tc.
5.2.1.6. Dng c v vt liu t trn dn gio, phi c bin php m bo ngn che khng chng
ri ra khi sn cng tc.
5.2.1.7. Tt c cc b phn ca dn gio nh cht, ai, ph kin, cp thp , dm cha v lin kt phi
c bo qun trong iu kin lm vic tt, nguyn dng v phi kim tra trc mi khi lp dng v
nh k sau .
5.2.1.8. Dng c chng ri ng v thot him khng c s dng ngi v vt liu khi lm
vic bnh thng.
5.2.1.9. Khi s dng dn gio hai im treo, nghing gia hai u sn cng tc phi gii hn trong
phm vi 1 / 12 theo chiu di .
a- Lp dng dn gio treo.
5.2.1.10. Khi s dng h rng rc tng cng kh nng mang ti, h thng treo phi c thit k
chu c bn ln mc ti trng thit b nng, nhn vi s lng cc dy cp ch ng.
5.2.1.11. Cc thanh ging pha sau (neo sau) phi t vung gc vi mt nh v lin kt cht vi
phn kt cu chc chn ca nh. Cc thanh neo sau phi tng ng vi dy cp treo v bn
chu lc.
5.2.1.12. Phi c bin php gim thiu s xoay ti mt bng cng tc hoc h lan can bo v phi ro
kn quanh sn cng tc.
5.2.1.13. Sn nhiu tng hay sn treo c bo him pha trn u ngi i phi b sung cc dy c lp
c bn tng ng dy cp treo c th cc b phn dn gio nu h treo chnh b hng.
Dy b sung phi lin kt vi b phn kt cu khc vi h treo chnh v kh nng chu ton b ti
trng c treo.
5.2.1.14. Ton b ph kin kp, ni cc dy c lp lin kt vi dn gio treo phi c th nghim
khi dng v gi t nht bng 125 % ti trng treo.
5.2.1.15. gim kh nng xut hin dng in hn mt chiu truyn qua dy cp treo khi hn trn
gio, cn c cc bin php phng nga sau:
Dng ng cch in bc tng dy cp ti ch treo (nh mc neo gc hay dm cng son). Cc on
cp tha v bt k dy c lp b sung phi cch ly vi t.
Cp treo phi c bc cch in mt on t nht 1,2m pha trn my nng.
Cc on dy di my nng cng phi cch in chng tip xc vi sn cng tc v chng ni
t.
Mi my nng phi c ph kn mt lp bo v bng vt liu cch in.
Nu dy ni t b t, phi tt my hn.
Trong mi trng hp, khng c php dy hn khng c cch in hoc que hn ch ng
tip xc vi dn gio hoc h thng treo.
b- Thit b nng chy my (my nng).
5.2.1.16. Tc chuyn ng ln nht theo phng ng ca mt dn gio treo chy my khng
c ln hn 10,5 m /pht.
5.2.1.17. Tt c my nng u phi lp b hm chnh v hm ph .
5.2.1.18. Mi my nng phi c bng iu khin ring. Nu bng iu khin kiu nt bm, th p lc
bm phi khng i. Nu bng iu khin kiu c nh, th phi c t trc ch kha t ng
khi v tr "Ngt", phng nga tai nn xy ra.
5.2.1.19. Mi my nng u phi c ghi nhn vi cc ni dung sau :
Tn nh sn xut;
Ti trng ti a;
S chng ch xc nhn;
Nhng quy nh k thut ca cp si thp.
c- Dy dn v thit b in.
5.2.1.20. Tt c cc dy dn v bng in phi tun theo cc tiu chun hin hnh c lin quan.
5.2.1.21. Dy cp cp in cho thit b nng phi c mt dy ring ni t cho thit b nng. Mi
im ni kim loi u phi c dy tip t.

5.2.1.22. Phi c bin php hoc lp thit b gim lc ko cng trnh cho dy cp b ko t ti
cc mi ni cp khi dn gio hot ng hoc khi di chuyn t v tr ny sang v tr khc.
d- Dy ai ngang lng v dy bo h.
5.2.1.23. Mi ngi trn dn gio treo hai im hay im n phi s dng dy ai ngang lng
hoc dy eo dng c v mt dy neo mm ni vi dy bo h. Dy bo h phi lin kt cht vi mt
mc neo c nh, c lp vi h dn gio v sn cng tc. Dy bo h v mc neo phi kh
nng mt trng lng tnh t nht l 2500 Kg.
Ch thch: Cc ng ng c nh v ng thng hi khng c dng lm b phn neo.
5.2.1.24. Cc dy c lp b sung c bn chu lc tng ng vi cc cp treo, c th dng thay
cho dy ri. Cc dy ny phi lin kt cht vi cc mc neo c nh khc khng thuc h dn
gio.
5.2.1.25. Dy an ton, dy c nh v cc mc neo khc phi kh nng chu mt trng lng tnh
t nht l 1800 Kg.
5.2.1.26. i vi dn gio c thit b bo v hay c vt cn pha trn u ngi lm vic, hoc khi s
dng cc dn gio treo nhiu tng, phi tun theo cc quy nh ca iu 6.5.2; 6.2.4; 6.2.5.
e- Thit b nng iu khin bng tay.
5.2.1.27. Tt c cc trng cun ti phi b tr mt cht li v mt cht kho c ci t ng kho
trng bt k khi no cht li nh ra.
5.2.1.28. Mi trng cun ti phi c mt thit b lin kt cht vi dy cp treo. Phn lin kt ny
kh nng chu t nht bn ln mc nng ca thit b nng.
5.2.1.29. Mi trng cun ti phi c khng t hn bn vng dy cp ti v tr thp nht ca hnh trnh
nng.
5.2.1.30. Mi thit b nng phi tun theo cc hng dn ca nh ch to v vn hnh v bo dng
.
5.2.1.31. Cn phi c cc bin php ng ph vi tnh hung mt an ton xy ra bt ng trong khi
ang lm vic.
f- Dy cp treo
5.2.1.32. Mi dy cp dng cho dn gio treo phi chu c t nht su ln mc nng ca thit b
nng.
5.2.1.33. Trn si cp thp phi c nhn ghi thi gian sn xut.
5.2.1.34. Dy cp phi di c th h cao lm vic ti im thp nht m khng ht cp. Dy
cp tha phi c cun li, trnh cho cp b tht nt v xon do b dn dy cp treo khi trc ti ko.
5.2.1.35. Khng c sa cha li dy cp treo khi b khuyt tt.
5.2.1.36. Dy cp thp treo phi c bo tr theo ch dn ca nh ch to v phi c thay th khi
c cc hin tng sau:
a) Nhng h hng v vt l lm cho c tnh v cng ca dy cp suy gim;
b) Cc im dy b xon c th lm nguy hi cho qu trnh nh hay cun dy vo trng hoc qua
rng rc.
c) Khi c cc si nh b t gy trong mt dy cp.
d) B mn vt, b n mn ho hc, xy xt, b bp hoc b ba p lm, hoc bt k l do no lm gim
ng knh ban u ca cc si thp.
e) Nhng h hi do b t nng v nhit hay do tip xc hoc b chp in.
g- Cng tc kim tra, bo tr
5.2.1.37. Dn gio phi c lp dng ng b. Trc khi hot ng phi c kim tra ti hin
trng . Vic lp dng phi tun th cc yu cu ca tiu chun ny v ph hp vi hng dn ca
nh ch to.
5.2.1.38. Tt c cc cp si thp, cp si tng hp, cc mc treo, mc neo, sn cng tc; cc thit b
nng, cc thit b chng ri, ng v cc im neo, cc lin kt, u phi c kim tra trc mi ln
lp dng. Vic kim tra ton b h thng phi c thc hin trc khi a vo s dng.
Bt k mt b phn c du hiu hng hc hoc trc trc u phi thay th.
5.2.1.39. B iu chnh v phanh ph c kim tra theo cc ni dung sau:

Trnh t theo ch dn ca nh ch to nhng khng qu mt nm;

m bo rng thit b khi ng v phanh ph hot ng tt;
Nu khng c iu kin th nghim ti hin trng , phi chuyn thit b khi ng hoc my nng
n c s th nghim chun kim tra. Trong thi gian a thit b ny i th nghim, khng c
php s dng dn gio.
5.2.1.40. Mi b phn ca h dn gio phi c bo tr v s dng ng quy trnh theo hng dn
ca nh ch to.
5.2.2. Mt s loi dn gio treo
5.2.2.1. Dn gio treo nhiu im (hnh14 n hnh 21-Ph lc C)..
5.2.2.1.1. Dn gio phi c bng h khung, cc thanh ngang, thanh dc v cc b phn kt cu
khc ph hp vi iu 5.2.1.
5.2.2.1.2. Cc si cp treo phi tun theo cc quy nh iu 5.2.1.32 n 5.2.1.36 v phi c lp
dng nh quy nh t iu 5.2.1.10 n 5.2.1.15. 5.2.2.1.3. Ngi lm vic trn dn gio phi c
trang b dy eo tht lng , dng c. Trn sn cng tc phi c lp t lan can bo v theo 4.5.
5.2.2.2. Dn gio treo nhiu im c iu chnh (hnh15 -Ph lc C).
5.2.2.2.1. Dn gio phi chu c mt ti trng cng tc l 250Kg/m 2 v khng c cht ti vt
qu ti trng tnh ton.
5.2.2.2.2. c hm hay cht kho, phi b tr u mt mi dm cng son treo cp.
5.2.2.2.3. Cc dm cng son c t trn mt khi k bng g .
5.2.2.2.4. Cc cht kho thp hay kp kho, lin kt cc dy cp thp vi cc dm cng son di
ng, phi c t trc tip trn my nng dn gio.
5.2.2.2.5. Khi cng nhn lm vic trn gio v c nguy him t pha trn phi lp t h bo v trn u cho
cng nhn vi chiu cao khng qu 2,7 m tnh t mt sn.
5.2.2.3. Dn gio treo hai im (hnh 16,17,18,19,20 -Ph lc C).
5.2.2.3.1. Sn dn gio treo hai im c chiu rng khng c nh hn 0,5m v khng ln hn
0,9m v ph hp vi 4.4.4.2. Sn cng tc phi c lin kt cht vi cc thanh treo hoc thanh dn
ngang bng cc mc treo hay cc ai ph hp vi cc qui nh phn lp dng v phn dy cp
treo.
Ch thch: Ni c khong cch cht hp, c th dng sn vi chiu rng 0,3m nhng bo m ph
hp vi cc qui nh ca 4.4.1; 4.3.3; 4.4.4.
5.2.2.3.2. My nng (iu khin tay hay ng c) phi c thit k v th nghim theo quy nh t
5.2.1.16 n 5.2.1.19 hoc t 5.2.1.27 n 5.2.1.31.
5.2.2.3.3. H lan can bo v lp t theo qui nh ca 4.5. Li thp t theo 4.5.6. Thanh treo gia
my nng v sn cng tc c coi l mt mt bn ca h lan can nu v tr cch mp sn cng
tc khng ln hn 0,3m. Vic thit k li i qua thanh treo i hi c ring h lan can bo v.
5.2.2.3.4. Mi ngi trn dn gio treo u phi mang dy an ton nh qui nh phn dy ai ngang
lng v dy bo h.
5.2.2.3.5. Rng rc dng cho cp si php hay si tng hp phi c kch thc ph hp vi kch
thc dy cp s dng. Rng rc phi c cc mc treo an ton.
5.2.2.3.6. Phi lm gim dao ng, xoay ca dn gio bng mt trong cc bin php sau, c
bit khi h gio treo v tr cao:
a) B tr h dy treo gc c ko vi mt lc t nht 5 Kg theo phng ngang ta vo cng trnh,
ni dn gio c nng ln;
b) S dng cc im neo gi ni tip nhau;
c) Buc cht dn gio ti cc v tr lm vic.
5.2.2.3.7. Sn cng tc c th ni vi nhau ti b mt cng cao trnh. Li i t sn ny sang sn bn
cnh qua cc thanh treo ch c lp t v s dng khi c thit k c th.
5.2.2.4. Dn gio treo nhiu tng (hnh 20 -Ph lc C).
5.2.2.4.1. Ton b h sn cng tc phi lin kt trc tip vi nhau v vi mt trn thanh . Sn
cng tc ph hp vi cc qui nh phn 4.4.
5.2.2.4.2. Cng nhn trn mt tng gio khng c tro ln hoc xung mt tng gio khc khi lm
vic trn dn gio ang treo, tr khi s dng dy bo him.
5.2.2.5.Dn gio treo nhiu im iu chnh bng cn gt (hnh21 -Ph lc C).

5.2.2.5.1. Dn gio phi chu c ti trng cng tc l 125Kg/m 2 v khng c vt ti. Trn dn
gio khng c cht ng t hay vt liu khc.
5.2.2.5.2. My nng (iu khin tay hay ng c) v kt cu phi c thit k v th nghim theo quy
nh t 5.2.1.16 n 5.2.1.19 hoc t 5.2.1.27 n 5.2.1.31.
5.2.2.5.3. Khi hai hay nhiu dn gio lin k dng cho mt cng trnh hay kt cu, chng khng c
s dng lm cu ni t dn gio ny sang dn gio khc, nhng c th duy tr s n nh mi
cao vi cc sn gio lin k.
5.2.2.6. Dn gio treo mt im (hnh22,23 -Ph lc C).
5.2.2.6.1. C th kt hp thnh dn gio treo hai im t hai dn gio treo mt im, khi phi tun
theo cc qui nh ca 5.2.2.3.
5.2.2.6.2. Cc phng php treo phi ph hp vi cc qui nh ca phn 5.2.1.
5.2.2.7. Gh ngi treo (hnh24 -Ph lc C).
5.2.2.7.1. Mt gh ngi lm bng g phi c ng np ging mt di gh chng v, nt vn
g v kh nng chu mt ti trng 120 Kg.
5.2.2.7.2. Phi c dy an ton cho mi cng nhn trn gh treo theo cc iu t 5.2.1.23 n
5.2.1.26.
5.2.2.8. dn gio treo mc ni tip (hnh25 -Ph lc C).
5.2.2.8.1. Sn cng tc phi c mc c nh mi u khng cho vn b trt v tut khi dy
cp hoc khng b ri khi mt trong cc dy cp b t. Vn sn nh hnh phi rng t nht 0,5 m.
5.2.2.8.2. Sn cng tc c thit k vi ti trng cng tc l 200Kg v khng c qa 2 ngi lm
vic trn mt n v sn. Khng c t nhiu hn mt n v sn gia cc dy treo ng, v khng
t nhiu hn 2 n v sn trn mt dn gio treo mc ni tip.
5.2.2.8.3. Cc dy cp thp khng c ko qu cng lm gim kh nng mang ti trn dy. Kh
nng chu ti dc theo cp phi t 900 Kg. Dy cp thp phi lin tc, khng c ni cp gia cc
im neo. ng knh nh nht ca cp thp l 12 mm v phi kh nng chu lc gp su ln ti
trng thit k.
5.2.2.8.4. Cc dy treo ng phi t cch nhau khng qu 1,5m gim vng dy cp treo
ngang.
5.2.2.8.5. Cc dy treo ng c th l dy thng, dy cp si tng hp, dy cp si thp v kh
nng chu c ti trng thit k.
5.2.2.8.6. Khi sn gio cao trn 3,0m so vi t hay sn nh, cng nhn phi mang dy an ton lin
kt cht vi b phn kt cu ngoi dn gio hoc dng li chn an ton.
5.2.2.9. dn gio dm treo ( hnh 26 -Ph lc C).
5.2.2.9.1. Cc dm g phi ph hp vi 4.3.1 v c tit din mt ct ngang khng nh hn 0,10m x
0,16 m. Cnh c kch thc ln t theo phng ng. C th s dng cc dm kim loi hoc
tng ng ph hp vi qui nh trn.
5.2.2.9.2. Cc dy treo hoc im treo l im ca dn gio. Nhp gia cc im dm khng
c vt qu 3,0m i vi dm g 0,10m x 0,16m.
5.2.2.9.3. Nhp gia cc dm treo khng c vt qu 2,4m nu dng vn sn cng tc dy
0,05m. i vi nhp ln hn 2,4m, sn cng tc phi c thit k theo trng hp nhp c bit.
Chiu di phn tha mi u vn sn khng nh hn 0,15m v khng ln hn 0,3m.
5.2.2.9.4. Nu mt dm treo cao hn dm kia hoc khi sn khng ngang phng, sn cng tc phi
c neo gi cht chng b trt .
5.2.2.9.5. Khi lp dng, lm vic hoc tho d mt dm dn gio cao hn 3,0m trn mt t hay sn
nh, mi cng nhn phi s dng dy an ton vi dy neo hoc dy dng c chng ng gii hn
trong phm vi 1,8m. Dy neo hoc dy dng c chng ng phi c lin kt vi b phn cng trnh
ngoi dn gio.
5.2.2.9.5. Mi dng c khng c dy neo, ph tng ri dng trn dn gio dm treo, phi c gi
trong hp ngh ph hp.
5.2.2.9.6. Mi u dm treo phi c mt phn kt cu ph hp vi 4.3.1.
5.3. Nhm dn gio neo, ta vo cng trnh
5.3.1. Phn chung .
5.3.1.1 Nhp cho php ln nht ca sn cng tc phi tun theo iu 4.23 ; 4.24 v ph hp vi kh
nng mang ti ca sn.

5.3.1.2. H lan can v thanh chn chn tun theo quy nh iu 4.27; Li thp phi ph hp vi
iu 4.27.5.
5.3.2. Mt s loi dn gio neo ta vo cng trnh
5.3.2.1. Dn gio dm cng sn (gio by) ( hnh27 -Ph lc C).
5.3.2.1.1. Cc dm cng sn khng c nh ra khi mt nh qu 1,8 m. u pha trong ca dm,
tnh t gi ta n im cui ca vt , khng nh hn 1,5 ln chiu di u pha ngoi. im ta
ca dm phi k trn ming m kch thc ti thiu 0,15m theo hai phng nm ngang. Dm phi
t n nh, chng s chuyn dch v c ging cht ti im ta chng lt.
5.3.2.1.2. Cc u trong ca dm, phi c gi cht bng cc thanh chng ta vo bu ca v t
ln dm trn hoc trn nh. Ton b kt cu phi c ging c hai hng ngn chuyn v
ngang.
5.3.2.2. Dn gio h khung kiu thc th (hnh28,29,30 -Ph lc C).
5.3.2.2.1. Dn gio c lm t g hoc cc vt liu thch hp khc nh thp, nhm c bn tng
ng v phi c thit k chu ti trng nh nht 125 Kg/m2.
5.3.2.2.2. Khng b tr qu hai ngi trong phm vi 2,4 m theo chiu di dn gio trong mi trng
hp. Dng c v vt liu khng vt qu 35 Kg cng ngi ti v tr lm vic.
a- Dn gio hnh s 4 (hnh28 -Ph lc C).
5.3.2.2.3. Cc thng s thit k nh nht, tun theo bng 4.
5.3.2.2.4. Cc khung dm hnh s 4 t cch nhau khng qu 2,4 m theo tim v phi lm t g c.
5.3.2.2.5. Dm gm 2 thanh ngang kch thc 0,025m x 0,015 m ng inh vo hai mt i din
ca thanh ng. Dm ny khng di qu 1,0 m tnh t mp ngoi thanh ng v phi c
ging cht chng xoay v lt.
5.3.2.2.6. Sn cng tc gm hai hoc nhiu vn sn di, ko di qua dm ngang t nht 0,015
m tr khi vn c lin kt cht vi dm ngang v khng c qu 0,30m, nu khng c pha
di .
Bng 4. Thng s nh nht cho dn gio h khung s 4.
ti trng125 kg/m2
Cc B phn

Kch thc(m)

Kch thc tit din:

-Thanh ng

0,05 x 0,10 hoc 0,05 x 0,15

-Thanh ngang (hai)

0,025 x 0,15

-Thanh chng cho (hai)

0,025 x 0,15

Chiu di ln nht ca thanh ngang

1,0 (khng tr )

Nhp cc thanh ng

2,4 (t tim n tim)

b- Dn gio h khung kim loi ( hnh29-Ph lc C v bng 5).

5.3.2.2.7. Cc b phn kim loi ca dn gio phi c lin kt bu lng hoc hn vo khung dn
gio. Cc khung kiu gp phi dng bu lng hoc cht kha an ton khi m ra s dng.
5.3.2.2.8. Cc khung kim loi t cch nhau khng qu 2,4 m tnh theo tim.
5.3.2.2.9. Hai u ca vn sn phi nh v bu lng hoc ko di qua khung t nht 0,15m v khng
vt qu 0,3m nu khng c thanh b sung.
Bng 5.Thng s nh nht cho dn gio h khung kim loiti trng125 kg/m2
B phn

Kch thc (m)

Kch thc tit din:

-Tr lan can

0,05 x 0,10

-Tay vn

0,05 x 0,10

-Thanh chn gia

0,025 x0,15

-Thanh chn chn

0,025 x 0,15

Chiu cao lan can

0,9 n 1,20

Nhp cc dm kim loi (ph hp vi thit k ca nh ch to)

2,4

c- Dn gio h khung g ( hnh 30 -Ph lc C).

5.3.2.2.10. Dn gio h khung g c cu to t cc khung g hnh tam gic l phn chnh ca
kt cu tng th.
5.3.2.2.11. Vn sn phi c ng inh vo cc thanh dc v thanh ngang ca dn gio. Vn sn
phi ko di qua cc thanh ngang cui t nht mt on 0,15m v khng qu 0,3m nu khng c
thanh .
5.3.2.2.12. Nhp cho php ln nht i vi vn sn phi ph hp vi 4.4.3; 4.4.4.
5.3.2.2.13. Thng s thit k nh nht qui nh trong bng 6.
Bng 6. Thng s nh nht cho dn gio h khung g.
ti trng125 kg/m2
Cc b phn

kch thc (m)

Kch thc tit din:

-Cc thanh chng ng

0,05 x 0,10 hoc 0,05 x 0,15

-Cc thanh ngang

0,05 x 0,15

-Cc thanh ging

0,025 x 0,15

-Tr lan can

0,05x 0,10

-Thanh chn gia

0,025 x 0,15

-Thanh chn chn

0,025 x 0,15

Chiu cao lan can

0,9 n 1,0

Chiu rng khung ln nht

1,0

Nhp gia cc thanh ng

2,4m (t tim n tim)

5.3.2.3. dn gio neo vo ca s ( hnh 31 -Ph lc C).

5.2.2.3.1. Dm neo c thit k, lp dng phi to ra b phn kp lin kt cht vo l ca s v
kh nng chu ti trng thit k.
5.2.2.3.2. Dn gio neo vo ca s ch c dng khi lm vic l ca s c ch mc lin kt.
5.2.2.3.3. Khng c dng dm neo cc vn ni t ca s ny sang ca s khc hoc cc b
phn ca dn gio..
5.2.2.3.4. Cc dn gio neo ca s phi lp lan can an ton thch hp theo 4.5 tr khi s dng dy an
ton.

Ph lc A
KHO ST HIN TRNG
(Tham kho)
Trc khi tin hnh cng tc xy dng v ph d trong cc iu kin c nguy c mt an ton cao,
kh c th loi tr bng cc phng tin my mc th phi kim trav phi ht sc cn thn trong
thao tc. Cc cn b k thut cn tin hnh kho st cc iu kin cng trng xc nh nhng
nguy c mt an ton c th gp khi lp dng v tho d dn gio.
Cng tc kho st phi bao gm cc bc sau:
(1) Li i li v di chuyn an ton.

a) Din tch lm vic

b) Li i b, li i ca cc phng tin xe c v ng ray cn trc v.v..
c) Cc cu thang leo, thang b v cc thit b nng.
d) Bo v cc l sn l mi (nhng l hng khng c mi che)
e) Chiu sng (c n bo v v n chiu sng cng tc - ban m)
(2) Cc phng tin giao thng :
ng s:
Khng gian quay xe
Khng gian bi xe
b) Bi kho vt liu v bi vt t (kho bi v bi vt t)
c) Cc bin bo, ch dn trn cc ng i ca xe c
d) Bo dng v sa cha cc phng tin, thit b
(3) S dng v dch v.
a) Ni t cc cng trnh tm
b) V tr v bin bo ch dn cc ng dy cao th (ch dn bng n hiu; bin bo hoc lp cc
barie ngn chn tip xc.
c) Cc khu v sinh v ni ung nc
(4) K hoch cng tc an ton.
a) M bo him, dy neo v dy eo tht lng an ton; knh bo h, gng tay, cc qun o bo h lao
ng, ng v nhng phng tin khc...
b) Lp s , k hoch tng mc cng vic theo tin thi gian, trnh n tc, chng cho (s
PERT)
c) Lp dng sn tm, li an ton v gin gio tm thi ni cn thit
(5) Cc phng tin lm vic.
a) Khng gian
b) Thit b nhu cn cu, thit b nng, my vn thng, cu trc, xe ti.
c) Cc thit b dy neo.
(6) Cc dng c - thit b
a) Sa cha, bo dng v kim tra gim st
b) Kim tra
c) Cung ng cc dng c cho tng cng vic
(7) Cng nhn v i trng
a) K hp ng cng vic
b) Tp hun v gim st
c) S lng cng nhn
d) Cc ti liu hng dn duy tr s an ton
Tp ch, s thnh tch, cc yt th - thng bo
Cc cam kt ca nhm th hay c nhn
iu tra (thanh tra) v bo co tai nn
Ph bin kin thc v an ton
Cc cuc hp v an ton
Cc ti liu hng dn quy nh v an ton cho cc nhn vin mi.
e) Lp cc quy nh, sa i li cc iu kin v hot ng mt an ton
f) X l cp cu v y t