ng V Tchepone: Hnh Qun Lam Sn 719

Nguyn K Phong

CHNG 5: T Cam Bt n H Lo.

Nhng Hon Cnh a n Lam Sn 719
Nh c mt s hiu ngm vi nhau t trc. Ngay sau ngy Hoa
K bu c tng thng mi, chin lc v chin thut ca qun lc
M Vit Nam thay i ngay. Ngy 20 thng 1-1969 Richard M.
Nixon ln thay Lyndon B. Johnson cho nhim k tng thng
1969-1972. Johnson lm tng thng v qun tr cuc chin
Vit nam hn nm nm; a bn hat ng ca Binh on Trng
Sn ( BTS) cng b oanh tc trong sut thi gian . Sau nm
nm tng thng Johnson t chc; v sau nm nm di bom, lu
lng trn ng xm nhp ca BTS qua H Lo cng khng
thay i nhiu, nu khng ni l vn sc phc v cuc
chin. Cuc chin Vit Nam vo cui nm 1968, theo mt bnh
lun gia, ang dm chn ti ch. Qun s ca Ban Tham Mu
Lin Qun (BTMLQ/ Joint Chiefs of Staff) c ni n s b tc,
nu khng ni l khng t c mc tiu, ca cuc chin vo u
nm 1969: u nm 1969 Hoa K tham gia cuc chin c
ba nm ri. Tng cng c 30.614 ngi M cht, tn 52,2 t m
kim, nhng Hoa K vn cn cch xa mc tiu nh lc mi tham
gia cuc chin. Ban Tham Mu Lin Qun kt lun nh vy. S
gia ca BTMLQ khng qun ni thm, BTMLQ nhiu ln xin
Tng Thng Johnson cho h ni rng chin lc ca cuc
chin, nhng ngh ca BTMLQ khng c chp nhn.[1]
Ch hai ngy sau khi Richard M. Nixon nhim chc tng thng,
mt tiu on TQLC M c php nh qua bin gii Lo chng
mt cy s. Khong ba tun sau, Hoa Thnh n cho php BTLl
Khng Qun Chin Lc v BTL MACV son mt k hoch b
mt oanh tc cc mt khu v cn c tip liu ca B-2 bn trong,

v dc lnh th Cam Bt. Hnh qun Dewey Canyon nh qua

bin gii Lo ngy 22 thng 2-1969, v chin dch di bom Menu
vo Cam Bt ngy 18 thng 3-1969, cho thy v tng thng mi
sn sng chp nhn mi ch trch ca cng lun v quc hi M,
khi dng sc mnh qun s nh ph u i phng. Tn tng
thng Nixon khng quan tm v cng php hay hip c quc t,
hay lut php Hoa K, khi cho lnh di bom v tc chin bn
trong lnh th hai quc gia trung lp trung lp cho n khi
chnh ph Nixon khng mun nhng quc gia ny cn trung lp.
[2]
Hnh Qun Dewey Canyon nh t hng bc thung lng Sng
Da Krong v hung nam n u thung lng A Shau. Dc theo
bin gii Lo-Vit, t A Shau i ln ng 9 l cn c hu cn
611 ca BTS, do Binh Trm 42 ph trch. Khi tn cng qua bin
gii, TQLC M tm c mt kho tng qun trang qun dng
cha nhng tng kho ca Binh Trm 42. Trong khi s thnh
cng ca chin dch Menu di bom Cam Bt nhiu hay t th kh
thm nh (Mc tiu ni B-52 oanh tc, i khi cng c nhng
ton LLDB nhy xung thm nh thit hi, nhng nu bom
nh trng ngay mc tiu, th cng khng cn g thm nh.).
Kt qu ca hnh qun Dewey Canyon lm cho nhiu t lnh Hoa
K phn khi: H tch thu 100 tn go v ph hy hn 500 tn v
kh, qun nhu v qun dng. Cc t lnh qun s suy lun, nu
c php nh qua bin gii, nh vo nhng cn c ca BTS,
th chc chn h s ph hy nhiu hu cn hn. Vi ng li
ngoi giao v thi ca tn tng thng Richard Nixon, BTL
MACV bt u nn n Hoa Thnh n cho php h hnh qun
qua bin gii Cam Bt v Lo, hay t ra cho nh bom bng B-52
su vo ni a Lo, nh nhng mc tiu Tchepone, Saravane.
Nhiu tun trc khi Richard Nixon ln nhim chc, ti liu cho
thy BTL MACV tho lun nhiu v ti nh qua Lo v
Cam Bt; xin thm quyn x dng B-52 su vo ni a Lo.
Trc y (trc khi Nixon nhim chc), mi ngh nh qua

nc ngoi u b Ta Bch c ph quyt. B trng ngoi giao

Dean Rusk v v i s Lo l William Sullivan lc by gi rt e
d v mi hnh ng c th vi phm quc gia trung lp. Di
nhim k ca tng thng Nixon, thi ca b ngoi giao thay
i. Nhng bui hp tnh bo cui tun BTL MACV trc ngy
ng quang ca Tng Thng Nixon, c mt ca i S Ellsworth
Bunker, qua nhng ln pht biu MACV i S Bunker ni t
nm 1967 ng ng vi ngh ca tng William
Westmoreland l nn nh qua bin gii nhng ng b thm
quyn b ngoi giao t ng v ngh nh vy. Nhng t
u nm 1969, i S Bunker ngh thm quyn Hoa Thnh n s
ni lng v nhng vi phm qun s qua bin gii. [3] Cng trong
nhng thng u tin ca nm 1969, khi c John S. McCain
n thm BTL MACV, i Tng Abrams thc ng c xin
BTMLQ cho ng rng tay vi cc cuc hnh qun vt bin v
thm phi v B-52 nh vo nhng cn c hu cn. Cng trong
nhiu ln ni chuyn vi c McCain; vi tham mu trng
BTMLQ Earl Wheeler; vi b trng quc phng Melvin Lair,
tng Abrams nhc ti lui nhiu ln tn ca nm cn hu cn 604,
611, 609, 352, v 701: MACV mun c php tn cng vo
nhng cn c . Cn c 604 l bn doanh ca Binh Trm 33
Tchepone; 611 l Binh Trm 42 A Shau nh cp; 609 l
Binh Trm 35 v 37 Bn Bc ph trch tip liu cho B-3; cc
cn c 350-354 v 701 l nhng cn c hu cn bn trong ni a
Cam Bt, ph trch tip liu cho b t lnh ln nht min nam,
BTL B-2 (B-2 c qun 32 tnh trong 44 tnh ca VNCH). Vi s
c mt thng xuyn ca i S Bunker MACV, b ngoi giao
bit chuyn hnh qun qua Lo v chin dch di bom b mt
Cam Bt trc khi xy ra, v ng thun vi quyt nh ca
Ng Gic i v Ta Bch c.[4] Cuc di bom b mt Cam
Bt c chp thun vi tun sau cuc hnh qun Dewey Canyon.
Ngy 19 thng 2-1969, C Vn Anh Ninh Quc Gia Henry
Kissinger ngh Tng Thng Nixon cho php MACV v BTL
Khng Qun Chin Lc c php (nhng b mt) di bom
nhng hu cn ca B-2 bn trong ni a Cam Bt.[5] Sau khi

chin dch di bom b mt c thc hin, BTL TBD v BTL

MACV tip tc ni rng chin lc bng nhng cuc hnh qun
khiu khch, to bo bn kia bin gii, hay dc theo bin gii.
Nhng cuc hnh qun ca Hoa K v VNCH nh su vo a
bn v cn c hu cn ca CSVN trong hai nm 1969-1970, cho
thy Hoa K mun tn dng kh nng ang c trong tay nh
gc, hay t ra gy kh khn cho CSVN. Phi nh vi trn ln
trc khi khng cn qun hay tin nh. Thm quyn M
thng bo gii chc Vit Nam l ngn sch chin tranh
ng Nam s b ct gim; qun tc chin s c rt ra khi
chin trng theo thi kha biu, bt k tnh hnh chin s ang
xy ra.[6] Sau Hnh Qun Dewey Canyon, trong su thng cn li
ca nm 1969, Hoa K v VNCH tr li lc sot nhng cn c
ca BTS dc theo bin gii Lo v Cam Bt. Tip sau l
nhng cuc giao tranh m mu Ben-Het; A Shau, tiu biu l
trn ng p Bia cn gi l Hamburger Hill/ i Tht Bm/
i 937 trong mt ngha khc. y l mt trn nh trong
ngha thit hi. Hoa K b cht khong 46 qun nhn trong trn
nh chn ngy, nhng y l nm 1969, mt nm y phn chin
ni a M, BTL MACV c lnh phi gii hn ti a thit hi
v nhn mng bt gy phn n trong qun chng. Ch vi nm
trc , qun i M c hn 200 t thng mt tun trong ba
nm lin tc.[7] y, trong tng quan gia chng trnh Vit
Nam Ha, v hai cuc hnh qun qua Cam Bt v H Lo, s
thng vong ca qun i M hng tun c nhn nh mt kt
qu trc tip ca chng trnh Vit Nam Ha. Vi tt c s phi
l ca mt chin lc, BTL MACV suy lun nu lnh M cht
cng t, th qun lc VNCH gnh vc cuc chin cng nhiu.
Trong chiu hng suy lun , BTL MACV s m thm nhiu
cuc hnh qun ln trong nhng nm sau cng ca cuc chin.
Ch l, trong nhng cuc hnh qun ln ln ti, a s mu da t
s s l lnh VNCH.[8]
Cc Ch:
[1] The Joint Chiefs of Staff and the War in Vietnam, 1969-1970,

tr. 1. y l ti liu gii mt u tin ca Ban Tham Mu Lin

Qun Hoa K (US Joint Chiefs of Staff) v chin tranh Vit Nam.
Ti liu ghi li hot ng ca BTMLQ trong tng quan vi Vit
Nam t nm 1945 n 1975.
[2] Trc khi nh qua Lo (trong cuc hnh qun Dewey
Canyon 1969) v sau di bom b mt Cam Bt 1969, gii
chc M gp v bn lun vi cc yu nhn ca Lo v Cam
Bt v k hoch ca h. T ma Xun nm 1969 qun i
QND/QGP tn cng nhiu ni Thng Lo v nhng im
chin lc nh Bnh Nguyn Bolovens v Attepeu, lm cho th
tng Souvanna Phouma lo s v cho php Hoa K nh qua t
Lo c, nhng ng lu qu (FRUS, Vietnam 1969-1976,
vol. VII, July 1970-January 1972, Document 93) Cn trng hp
Cam Bt th nh chng ta bit: V s quan thn M Lon Nol
o chnh quc vng Sihanouk, v sau kha ca cng
Sihanouk mt ng tip t quan trng cho B-2 v B-3. Kho
cha hng ca Binh Trm 42 nm chng 500 mt bn kia bin
gii, dc theo tnh l 922, chy song song vi Sng Da Krong. T
tnh l 922 on xe xm nhp dng ng 548 vo tnh
Kontum v t tip t cho mt trn Tri-Thin-Hu. Kho hng
ca Binh Trm 42 trong cn c hu cn 611 ln khng tng
tng: 12 cy i bc 122 ly (ln u tin thy chin trng) vi
7.000 n; 88.000 n sng ci, 60, 82, v 120 ly. Trong nhng
cuc hnh qun tip theo sau vi tun, s v kh tch thu c
cn nhiu hn gp ba,bn ln nhng kho cha hng khc trong
thung lng A Shau. V s v kh tch thu c Cn C Hu Cn
611, c The Abrams Tapes, tr. 129, 123; V tiu on TQLC
nh qua sng Da Krong, The U.S. Marine in Vietnam: Hight
Mobility and Standdown, 1969. tr. 3-20.
[3] Lewis Sorley, The Abrams Tapes, tr. 163. Nguyn tc cu ni
b t ca i S Bunker, I got my ass kicked for the
suggestion [to go into Laos]
[4] i S Wiliam H. Sullivan b thay th Lo. Tn i S G.
McMurtrie Godley thn thin vi k hoch qun s ca MACV
hn Sullivan.

[5] Trong thng vn gi cho Nixon v ngh tng thng chp

thun, Kissinger cho bit BTL MACV v i S Bunker ngh
di bom Cam Bt t ngy 12 thng 2-1969. Tng Thng Nixon
chp thun ngh ca Kissinger khi ang ri phi trng, trn
ng cng du u Chu. Foreign Relations of the United States
(FRUS), 1969-1976, volume 1, Vietnam, January 1969-July 1970,
Document 22.
[6] Trong k hoch rt qun ca M, nhng n v no c lch
trnh gii tn ri chin trng Vit Nam, th n v rt i
ng ngy, bt k chuyn g ang xy ra. Trng hp in hnh l
hai Ton C Vn 158 v 162 (Team 158 l Ton MAC-SOG, c
vn cho Phng 7, Nha K Thut v S Lin Lin Lc VNCH;
Team 162 c vn cho S on Nhy D VNCH.). Ton 158 gii
nhim v ri chin trng ngy 31 thng 3-1972; Ton 158, ngy
15 thng 7-1972. Thng 3 v thng 7 l bt u, v l cao im
ca trn Ma H La 1972. Nm 1969-1970 ngn sch quc
phng nghim nht n phi v B-52 phi c chp thun
trc hng thng; mi thng phi xin thm quyn cho phi v mi.
Lewis Sorley, sd, tr. 436.
[7] Nm 1967 M c 9.317 cht; nm 1968, 14.589; v nm
1969, 9.414. 33.320 t thng trong ba nm. Ma Xun 1968, M
c 543 t thng mt tun. Peter Braestrup, ed., Vietnam as
History, Eppendices. S t thng hng thng ca Hoa K,
Herbert Y. Schandler, Lyndon Johnson and Vietnam: The
Unmaking of a President, tr. 354.
[8] Vit Nam Ha cuc chin Vit Nam ch l mt k hoch
i mu da t s, li pht biu ca Thng Ngh S Eugene
McCarthy, ng c vin tng thng i lp nm 1968. Trch theo
Seymour Hersh, The Price of Power: Kissinger in the Nixon
White House, tr. 310.
CHNG 5: T Cam Bt n H Lo - T.T.
Tnh Hnh Qun S 1969-1970

Nu VNCH v Hoa K mun thng cuc chin Vit Nam, th hai

nm 1969-1970 l c hi cui cng thc hin nh. Hoa K
v VNCH thy c c hi , nhng khng thc hin c
nh. n ma thu nm 1969 tnh hnh qun s min nam
nghing li th v cho VNCH v Hoa K.
Sau cuc tng tn cng-tng khi ngha nm Mu Thn 1968,
QND/QGP b thit hi nng v nhn s, v gp kh khn v mi
mt. QND/QGP phi chng nhiu chin dch nh ph t
VNCH v Hoa K. Chin Dch Phng Hong; CORDS; Xy
Dng Nng Thn; Commando Hunt; v Market Time. Mt mt,
ng tip liu t Lo vo cc mt trn min nam tr nn kh
khn v tn km vi chin dch di bom Commando Hunt; nhng
cuc cn qut ca chin dch Market Time (Market Time l hnh
qun ng bin/ sng, ngn chn QND/QGP xm nhp,
chuyn ch qua ng thy), lm cho vn xm nhp qua ng
bin vo cng Sihanoukville (Kompong Som) gn nh b tt. Lu
lng xm nhp trong hai nm 1969-1970 ch cn dng
qun; khng cn tc chin c. Nm 1969-1970 cng l thi gian
Qun y Trung ng H Ni v Trung ng Cc Min Nam
(TCMN) chnh n v phi tr li chin lc v chin thut
min nam i ph vi tnh hnh mi. Chin lc mi ca Trung
ng Cc Min Nam by gi l k nghi binh, to ra mt n tng
nh mt trn qun s ang ch s hng dn ca mt trn chnh
tr QND/QGP ang hi hp Ba L. V chin thut, TCMN ch
th tch ra tng lc lng nh, d di chuyn, d ln trnh, nhng
ng thi cng d tn cng nu cn. Trong thi gian nghi binh v
nh nh, qun i QND/QGP dng qun. Nhng t di
chuyn qun t H Lo ngc v hu phng Thanh Ha l mt
th d cho thy qun i QND/QGP ang thay i chin thut
trong mt chin lc mi.
Thng 7-1969 Hoa K tch thu c mt ti liu mt c tn l
Ngh Quyt 9, do Trung ng Cc Min Nam lu hnh. Cn c
vo ni dung, y l mt hun ngh cho tt c b ch huy/ b t
lnh di quyn ca Trung ng Cc Min Nam. Tin tnh bo t

VNCH v M cho bit Quyt Ngh 9 l mt trong nhng quyt

ngh quan trng nht ca cuc chin cho n thi im . Trong
Ngh Quyt 9 l nhng hun th v chin thut v chin lc mi,
ng u vi VNCH v Hoa K. Theo i T Hong Ngc
Lung, Ngh Quyt 9 ca TCMN a ra tng chi tit rt r rng
i ph chin thut v chin lc trong thi ti. [1] Hun th
khn nh (a) qun i QND/QGP khng th thng chin
trng Vit Nam nu cn s hin din ca qun i Hoa K. (b)
li cng khng th gi nh c th thng VNCH v ng minh
bng mt trn nh ln Trn Mu Thn 1968 l mt th d cho
s sai lm . (c) Gii hn cp s nhng trn nh ch t cp tiu
on tr xung; qun chia ra tng ton nh, ch yu gy thng
tch cho qun nhn M bng li nh c cng; v nh ph k
hoch Vit Nam Ha ang khai trin v thc thi. (d) Tr li chin
thut trng k khng chin trong khi ch qun i Hoa K rt i.
Nhn trn quan im chin lc, Ngh Quyt 9 l mt thay i rt
hp l cho QND/QGP trong thi im kh khn chin trng
min nam trong hai nm 1968-1969. Trung ng Cc Min Nam
chu khng ni vi nhng thit hi qu nng: Ch trong 11 thng
ca nm 1969, QND/QGP c 153.800 t thng; 42.000 ngn
hi chnh; v 30.000 qun cn qu yu, phi a v hu phng
min bc bi dng. [2]
T Cam Bt n H Lo
Nm 1970 M m i din l Tng Thng Nixon [3] bo
dn hn vi nhng k hoch qun s. u nm 1970 k hoch tn
cng vo cn c tip liu v bn doanh ca TCMN bn trong t
Cam Bt c ni n trong nhng d tho hnh qun ca MACV
v VNCH, cho chng trnh nm 1970. u thng 3-1970, khi
thy tnh hnh chnh tr ca Cam Bt chn mi cho mt cuc
o chnh (o chnh quc vng Sihanouk), i Tng Abrams
hi i Tng Cao Vn Vin v nhng k hoch hnh qun tng
lai, nh vo mt khu hu cn ca TCMN t cha thp.

Tng Vin tr li l mt vi n v VNCH t kch nhiu mc

tiu bn trong Cam Bt. Mc tiu gn nht l vi cy s; xa nht
l 10 cy s.
K hoch nh qua Cam Bt tr thnh chuyn ng nhin khi
c John McCain ca BTL TBD ngh vi tham mu
trng Ban Tham Mu Lin Qun (BTMLQ) Earle Wheeler phi
nh qua Cam Bt. Nhn xt t nhng thm quyn ngoi giao v
qun s khc cng lm cho i Tng Abrams ho hc hn: i
S Bunker tuyn b, nu mt khu v cn c hu cn ca
QND/QGP vn cn Cam Bt, th ngi M phi cn Vit
Nam v hn nh. i Tng Bruce Palmer, t lnh ph ca
Abrams (v l bn cng kha v b West Point vi Abrams v
Westmoreland) ni, nhng cn c hu cn nm st bin gii ca
QND/QGP, tng t nh mt nng sng k vo u nn an ninh
ca VNCH. [4] Cui thng 3-1970, chuyn nh qua Cam Bt
c coi nh chuyn ri. u Thng 5-1970, Hnh Qun
Rockcrusher (M) v Ton Thng 46 (VNCH) khai din. Hnh
qun nh qua Cam Bt xy ra ng cn hn l BTL MACV v
BTTM VNCH d kin. Cuc tn cng d dng n MACV
v BTTM VNCH t hi, ti sao hnh qun qua Cam Bt khng
xy ra sm hn. Cuc hnh qun n ngy th nm th coi nh b
mc: qun QND/QGP b cn c, bng qua sng Cu Long, rt
v hng ty. Trong thng u hnh qun, s lng qun trang
qun dng tch thu c nhiu n nhng c tnh ca CIA
trc tr thnh v dng. Hng tip liu ca Trung Cng n
cng Sihanoukville nui c B-2 v B-3. Cha bao gi qun
i VNCH chin thng d dng nh vy. ba mt trn ti cn c
Ba Thu, M Vt, Li Cu, vi a hnh bng phng, quan st
c ht tm mt, qun VNCH v Hoa K dn qun hng ngang
v tn cng thng vo cn c. Vi ha lc hng hu ym tr thng
vo mc tiu, Qun VNCH v M khng gp khng c no ng
k trong cuc Hnh Qun Ton Thng 42-46/ Rockcrusher. [5]
Truyn tin bt c t BTL TCMN ra lnh cho cc n v
chin trng B-2/ Cam Bt trnh khng c, rt qun khi mt

trn bo ton lc lng. [6] Mt cuc hnh qun qu d; mt

chin thng khng tn km nhiu so vi kt qu. Tuy nhin, chnh
s chin thng qu d li mt n tng sai lm trong u
nhng s quan san tho Hnh Qun Lam Sn 719 v sau.
Sau cuc hnh qua Cam Bt, vo trung tun thng 9-1970,
MAC-SOG cho mt i i xung kch t nhp vo cn c tip
liu 609 thuc Binh Trm 35 Bn Bc, cch bin gii Vit Nam
90km. y l mt loi binh trm tng kho, hng tip liu cha
y cn cn nhiu hn Binh Trm 42. H tun thng 11 nm
1970, BTMLQ trc tip ra lnh cho MAC-SOG t nhp mt tri
t binh M Sn Ty, cch H Ni khng hn 40 km.
n cui nm 1970 Tng Thng Richard Nixon ang say men
chin thng: Di bom v tn cng Cam Bt; t kch vo t Lo
v Sn Ty vi tt c nhng khiu khch qun s , Nixon ch
b cng lun trong v ngoi nc phn i mt cch ly l tr
mt s thng ngh s i lp ang d tho mt b lut gii hn
li quyn tuyn chin ca tng thng. Mt phin toi chnh tr
cha gy tr ngi cho Tng Thng Nixon lc . c dp lm
ti: Nixon giao cho hai ngi ph t thn cn iu ng v lin lc
vi BTMLQ v mt k hoch hnh qun mi.
Hoa K v K Hoch Hnh Qun Lam Sn 719
Gia thng 12-1970 c John McCain gi i Tng
Creighton Abrams mt in vn, ngh MACV son mt s k
hoch hnh qun cho nm ti. in vn ngy 15 thng 12-1970 l
mt trong bn in vn BTL TBD (McCain) gi BTL MACV
(Abrams) t ngy 6 thng 12. in tn ngy 15 thng 12 thng bo
MACV nn tip tc san tho hnh qun qua Cam Bt, Lo, v
bc Vit Nam nh tho lun t trc. B t lnh TBD s gi k
hach ca MACV thng v BTMLQ. an vn sau cng ca
in tn, McCain ni ma kh ca nm 1970-71 s l thi gian
cui cng qun lc Hoa K cn qun ym tr cho VNCH
hnh qun ln nhiu mt trn cng lc. c McCain nhn
mnh y l c hi cui cho VNCH hnh qun qua Lo v Cam

Bt mt ln na. in vn ngh VNCH phi hnh qun tr li

chin trng Cam Bt. V phng din hnh qun, in vn ngy
15 thng 12-1970 l mt qun lnh. V nu nh vy, k hoch
Hnh Qun Lam Sn 719 (LS719) c san tho v thc hin
qu vi v nh xy ra, ngy 8 thng 2-1971 l ngy bng qua
bin gii Lo. Nh vy ch c 53 ngy t thng bo san tho n
ngy hnh qun. [7]
trn cp ca c McCain, ngy 5 thng 11 trc , Tham
Mu Trng BTMLQ yu cu c McCain trnh ln BTMLQ
k hoch hnh qun trong su thng ti. Ba ngy sau McCain tr
li ng d nh hai k hoch hnh qun cho nm 1971, (a) M s
ym tr cho qun i bn quc gia, Thai, VNCH, Cam Bt v Lo
gia tng hnh qun lc sot, nh ph cn c cng sn trong bin
gii ring bit ca h; v nu (b) Hong Gia Lo tuyn b hy b
Hip nh Trung Lp 1962 ca Lo, th bn quc gia c tn trn
cng nh vo vng H Lo ct HCM. [8] Theo qun s
BTMLQ, n u thng 12-1970 Ta Bch c ch ch tm n ba
k hoch ang c nghin cu: (a) Hnh qun ln, gm hai hay
l ba s on VNCH nh vo H Lo; (b) Qun lc VNCH, vi
ym tr khng lc ca M, nh tr li Cam Bt; v (c) LLB
VNCH thc hin nhng hnh qun t kch b mt trn t bc.
[9] iu ng lu y l BTL TBD v BTMLQ ch cho php
MACV bt u san tho LS719 t u thng 12-1970. Khng
nhng nh vy, MACV cng lc phi son lun mt k hoch
hnh qun tr li Cam Bt ln th nh. V BTMLQ hoc Ta Bch
c mun c chn la mt trong hai hnh qun, hay l c hai.
Ngha l qun lc VNCH s nh hai mt trn mt lc nu Ta
Bch c quyt nh nh vy. K hoch nh hai mt trn ngoi
bin cng mt lc phi l nh ca Ta Bch c, ch khng th
n t McCain hay Abrams. y h ch theo lnh n t
c Thomas Moore, tham mu trng BTMLQ; v Moore th b
p lc t Henry Kissinger v Chun Tng Alexander Haig t Ta
Bch c. Mc d hai v t lnh McCain v Abrams rt phn khi
v kh nng ca qun lc VNCH sau trn Cam Bt 1970. Nhng

phi nh hai mt trn cch xa bin gii cng lc th l mt

c mun qu lc quan t thm quyn Hoa Thnh n. Chng ta
c th suy lun c McCain v i Tng Abrams khng
xi VNCH nh vo Tchepone mt mnh; cn k hoch nh
hai mt trn cng lc th li cng khng th n t McCain v
Abrams. Khi k hoch Vit Nam Ha va mi khai din c
mt nm, khi thy qun lc VNCH c bn giao qu nhiu
nhim v, c c MCCain khuyn co Abrams ng nn cho
VNCH n nhiu qu c th b kh tiu. V i Tng Abrams
th bit r Tchepone l mt t ng v v khi ng vo. [10]
McCain v Abrams u mun nh vo cn c hu cn 604
Tchepone. Nhng h mun thy qun tc chin Hoa K i cng
hay t ra l c c vn M h tr nh trong cuc hnh qun
Rockcrusher/ Ton Thng 46. n u thng 12-1970 khi k
hoch hnh qun tr ngc li Cam Bt v qua H Lo c san
tho, vai tr ca qun tc chin Hoa K khng c trong k hoch.
Nh vy thm quyn no c thc k hoch hnh qun Cam
Bt ln th nh v LS719? [11]
Henry A. Kissinger v Chun Tng Alexander M. Haig (Haig l
ph t chnh Kissinger) u ni h khng phi l cha ca k
hoch Hnh Qun LS719. Henry A. Kissinger ni ng hon ton
khng c lin h g n k hoch LS719. Trong hi k White
House Years, Kissinger v k hoch Hnh Qun LS719 nh mt
a tr m ci khng cha. Thnh cng th c nhiu ngi cha;
nhng tht bi l mt a con khng ngi nhn, Kissinger
gii thch. [12] C th Kissinger khng phi l cha ca LS719,
nhng s liu cho thy ng c tham d v c thc BTL MACV,
TBD v BTMLQ son tho k hoch LS719.
Cc Ch
[ 1] Hong Ngc Lung, The General Offensives of 1968-69
(Center of Military History, Indochina Monograph, 1981), tr. 154.
i T Lung l ch huy trng Phng 2 BTTM, 1971-1975. Ngh
Quyt 9 di 41 trang, v MACV nh Phng 2 BTTM dch ra ting

Anh tng tn cho h. Trong hai thng 9 v 10-1969, i Tng

Cao Vn Vin v i T Phm Ngc Thip ch thn n hp
BTL MACV, trao i v ni dung ca Nghi Quyt 9. i T Thip
ch huy Phng 2 BTTM nm 1968-1971. c Lewis Sorley, The
Abrams Tapes, tr. 316-318.
[2 ] Tn tht cho nguyn nm 1969 ca qun i QND/QGP
chin trng min nam l 172.000 cht, v 47.023 hi chnh
(trong 28.054 l lnh ti ng). Lewis Sorley, sd, tr. 387. V
thit hi mt s mt trn, c Thng Tng ng V Hip, K
c Ty Nguyn, tr. 131-141, 367; i Tng Mai Ch Th, Theo
Bc Chn Lch S, tr. 168-174; Thng Tng Nguyn Nam
Khnh, Min Trung Nhng Thng Ngy Khng Qun, tr. 417-417;
Thng Tng Trn Vn Tr, Kt Thc Cuc Chin 30 Nm, Tp
5, tr. 190.
[3 ] T thng 3-1970, Phng bo ch MACV cho bit qun lnh
lin h n chin trng Lo v Cam Bt s do Ta Bch c gi
n MACV v khng qua B Quc Phng hay Ng Gic i na
(Ng Gic i y l Tham Mu Trng Ban Tham Mu Lin
Qun). Ta Bch c cng chu trch nhim thng bo cho B
Ngoi Giao v vn qun s Cam Bt v Lo. Ni mt cch
khc, Ta Bch c s ra lnh trc tip cho MACV v qun s v
chnh tr. Lewis Sorley, sd, trang 383.
[4] Lewis Sorley, A Better War, tr. 200.
[5] Trong mt trn tng cng, thit k dn mt trn ngang su cy
s; cch 25 mt l mt thit gip/ xe tng, v nh trc din. c
i Tng Donn A. Starry, Mounted Combat in Vietnam, tr. 172.
[6] Chun Tng Trn nh Th, The Cambodian Incursion, tr.
95. V s lng v kh tch thu, v thit hi i bn Cam Bt,
c tr. 193-194. y l quyn qun s chi tit v r rng nht v
cuc Hnh Qun Ton Thng 42-46/ Rockcrusher 1970.
[7] in tn 150512Z Dec 70, McCain CINCPAC gi Abrams
COMUSAMACV. in tn u tin v ti ny gi ngy 6 thng
11. Abrams Special Collection, Army War College, Carlisle,
Pennsylvania.

[8] The Joint Chiefs of Staff and the War in Vietnam, 1970-1971,
tr. 2. in tn 15006 ca BTMLQ gi CINCPAC 071926Z, Nov
1970; CINCPAC tr li BTMLQ, 100556Z, Nov 1970.
[9] T thng 3-1970 cc ton LLB M-Vit t kch vo
min bc (ti a 30 cy s t bin gii/ v tuyn 17) 14 ln, trong
ch c chn ln thnh cng. Thng vn ca Kissinger gi
Nixon, FRUS 1969-1976, Vol VII, Vietnam July 1970 January
1972, Document 80.
[10 ] ng vo t ong v v, c ph ch s 25, Chng 2
trong sch; n nhiu qu kh tiu in tn ca Abrams gi
i Tng Earle Wheeler, MAC 15405, 291300Z Nov 1969, trch
theo Sorley, tr. 230.
[11] C mt b mt no trong giai an u san tho LS719
m chng ta cha bit r: K hoch nh qua H Lo c
BTMLQ, MACV v BTL TBD ni n nhiu ln t thng 111970. Nhng n ngy 22 thng 12-1970 B Trng Quc Phng
Melvin Laird mi c thng bo trong mt bui hp vi Tng
Thng Nixon. B Trng Ngoi Giao William Rogers cng khng
c loan bo cho n sau ngy 24. Nh vy B Trng Quc
Phng Laird b lai ra khi h thng qun s vi BTL MACV,
BTL TBD v BTMLQ. c The Joint Chiefs of Staff and the War
in Vietnam, tr. 447, ch thch 7.
[12 ] Henry A. Kissinger, White House Years, tr. 1004-1005.
[Tip theo #24]
Ti liu n t BTMLQ; CIA; Ta Bch c; v MACV cho thy
ng C Vn Anh Ninh Quc Gia ca Tng Thng Nixon c bn
tay trong k hoch LS719. Nh l c vn an ninh quc gia cho
tng thng, Kissinger suy lun nm 1972 l nm bu c tng
thng. Chin trng Vit Nam phi yn tnh c phiu c
tri. nh vo Tchepone u nm 1971 s gy nhiu phin toi v
lm QND/QGP bn tm n sau cuc bu c thng 11-1972.
l mt k hoch xa (lc mi cui nm 1970), nhng trong

vai tr c vn, Kissinger c nhim v ngh xa. Nhng k hoch

Kissinger ngh vi Tng Thng Nixon t u nm 1969 n lc
, u thc hin c nh v thnh cng (b mt di bom Cam
Bt; thng lng bang giao vi Trung Cng; hi hp b mt vi
H Ni ). ngh ca Kissinger rt c Nixon cn nhc. K
hoch LS719 cng nm trong quyn hn ca Kissinger, trong
ngha mt chin thut qun s h tr chnh tr.
Theo nht k ca tham mu trng Ta Bch c H.R.
Haldeman, Kissinger l ngi ngh v iu khin nhng bui
hp lin quan n k hoch LS719. Haldeman ghi trong nht k,
ngy 23 thng 12 Kissinger mun ni chuyn vi tham mu
trng BTMLQ c Thomas Moorer v B Trng Quc
Phng Melvin Laird trc mt Tng Thng Nixon v Hnh Qun
LS719. L do phi c mt tng thng, v Kissinger mun thy
Nixon ra lnh hnh qun trc tip cho hai thm quyn Ng Gic
i v B Quc Phng. Kissinger nh tng thng ra lnh trc
mt cho B Trng Laird v gii qun s [ c Moorer] thi
hnh k hoch. V h s khng thi hnh nu tng thng khng
ra lnh thng, Haldeman vit thm. [1] Mt chi tit khc cho thy
Kissinger trc tip tham d tin trnh son tho k hoch LS719.
Ngy 11 thng 12 Kissinger sai ph t Haig qua Cam Bt v Vit
Nam bn lun trc tip vi BTL MACV v i Tung Abrams.
T Si Gn, tng Haig gi v Kissinger mt in tn, tm tt s
tho nhng k hoch hnh qun ca MACV cho nm 1971. Trong
in tn Haig cho bit MACV v BTTM VNCH ng v ba k
hoch ln cho nm 1971: (a) Tin qun theo ng 7, nh vo
cn c hu cn ca hai S on 7 v 9 QND/QGP n in
Chup, Kratie v Kampong Cham; (b) Dng hai s on tin theo
ng 9 nh vo Tchepone; v (c) t kch vo t bc. Chun
Tng Haig cn ni r, i Tng Cao Vn Vin v Tng Thng
Nguyn Vn Thiu thng qua k hoch (a) v (b) vi MACV.
Hai ngy sau, Kissinger tm lc li in tn ca Haig v gi
Tng Thng Nixon vi ngh ng thun. [2] Ngy 23 thng 12,
trong bui hp ti Ta Bch c di s c mt ca B Trng

Laird v tham mu trng BTMLQ Mooere, ln u tin Nixon

ni chi tit v bo co v ngh ca Haig (m tht s l n t
Kissinger). Cng trong bui hp , Nixon ra lnh tip tc hai k
hach hnh qun nh ngh.
Trong vn ai l cha ca k hoch Hnh Qun LS719,
vai tr ca Chun Tng Alexander Haig khng th khng ni
n. Haig cng c th l ngi ngh nh qua Tchepone vi
mt ting ni nhit tnh. Tc gi qun s Lewis Sorley trong mt
tc phm v chin tranh Vit nam, ngh tng Haig v mt s
cng s vin tr Hi ng An Ninh Quc Gia (HANQG) ra
k hoch hnh qun qua H Lo. [3] S st sng i qua li Si
Gn trong thi gian hnh qun LS719 c th l mt du hiu v s
lin h nguyn thy ca Chun Tng Haig trong k hach
LS719. [4]
LS719 Nhn T Ta Bch c
Sau khi nhn c in vn ca c McCain cho php tin
hnh san tho k hach LS719, ngy 18 thng 12-1970 (mt
ngy sau ngy Chun Tng Haig ri Si Gn) i Tng
Abrams gi v BTL TBD k hoch hnh qun qua Lo v Cam
Bt ca MACV. BTL TBD chp thun k hoch v gi v cho
c Thomas Moorer ca BTMLQ. Ngy 23 cng thng, Tng
Thng Nixon ra lnh Moorer v B Trng Laird thi hnh k
hoch trn nguyn tc. Trn nguyn tc y c ngha Ta
Bch c c quyn hon li, hay khng x dng k hoch, hay
thay i k hoch khc hn. V mt l do no Ta Bch c vn
cn n tng vi s thnh cng Cam Bt nm ngoi; vn ngh
rng hng tip liu nhng hu c vn cha c khai thc ht.
n ngy , 23 thng 12, HANQG v y Ban Hnh ng c
Bit (WSAG/Washington Special Actions Group) vn cha quyt
nh c (a) Tchepone hay n in Chup quan trng; (b) s ym
tr n lc no chnh? V (c) VNCH kh nng nh hai mt
trn cng lc khng? Bui hp Ta Bch c ngy 23 ngh

ngy hnh qun qua n in Chup l 15 thng 1-1971, v hnh

qun qua Tchepone sau Tt 1971, ngy 7 hay 8 thng 2-1971. [5]
Vi gi thuyt gii thch ti sao Ta Bch c vn mun nh qua
mc tiu Cam Bt ln th hai: Cuc hnh qun Ton Thng 4246/Rockcrusher nm 1970 tch thu c tt c giy t nhp cng
cng nh ha n giao hng gia qun i Hong Gia Lo v i
din CSVN cc cn c tip liu. Vi con s r rng trn tay,
Phng 2 MACV bo v BTMLQ v Ta Bch c. Khi i chiu
s hng ha thc s xm nhp v s c tnh xm nhp do CIA d
tnh, s c tnh ca CIA qu thp. Ni mt cch khc, tin tnh
bo ca CIA sai hon ton. Sau khi hai con s khc bit c
thng bo, Tng Thng Nixon t tht vng v kh nng ca CIA
trong nhng tin liu. Vi thng sau CIA ra nhiu thng vn
gii thch v li thm nh c lng ca h v ng xm nhp
Sihanoukville (ng C-4) cho B-2 v B-3 nhng thm quyn
cc c quan lin h trc tip n chin tranh Vit Nam khng
cn coi trng c lng ca CIA na. [6] Ta Bch c suy lun
by gi (nm 1971) c dp tr li Cam Bt, th y l c hi sau
cng dn sch nhng cn c hu cn Cam Bt.
L do th hai, Ta Bch c ng vi HANQG v y Ban
Hnh ng c Bit v l do phi nh tr li Cam Bt: Hoa K
mun qun lc VNCH hnh qun qua Chup gii ta p lc ca
hai S on 7 v 9 CSVN ang xung th Nam Vang: Ch
vi thng sau khi VNCH v M rt ra khi Cam Bt sau Hnh
Qun Ton Thng 42-46/ Rockcrusher, cc n v ch lc ca
CSVN tr li v ti chim nhng cn c mt. Hoa K, sau khi
thc y Lon Nol o chnh, by gi khng th b ri Cam
Bt. Nhng Hoa K cng khng th lm g c, v cui nm
1970, Quc Hi Hoa K ph chun mt b lut khng cho php
b quc phng xi tin cho chin trng Cam Bt v Lo; hay c
qun tc chin . Hoa K mun thy VNCH hnh qun qua
Cam Bt ph gip chnh ph mi ca Lon Nol gii ta p lc
ca CSVN vo Nam Vang.T thng 10-1970, b ngoi giao v
b quc phng M bn v chuyn mn lnh Thi Lan cho

chin trng Cam Bt. Nhng chnh ph Thi cha quyt nh, v
by gi lnh VNCH phi in vo ch trng. [7] Quyt nh hnh
qun tr li Cam Bt vi cp s s on s c nhng nh hng
rt bt li nu khng ni l nguy him cho Hnh Qun
LS719 H Lo. Nhng n lc c kt k hoch hnh qun, ban
son tho hnh qun Vit-M cha thy c lin quan gia hai
mt trn.
Ngy 9 thng 1 c Moore v B Trng Quc Phng Laird
n Si Gn ni chuyn vi MACV, Tng Thng Thiu, v mt
s tng lnh VNCH. Cng trong chuyn i , c Moore
bay ra Hu gp Trung Tng Hong Xun Lm v Trung Tng
James Sutherland thm d kin v coi k hoch hnh qun
c chun b ti u. Ngy 17, hai s quan ph trch hnh qun
ca MACV bay v Hoa Thnh n trnh by trc tip v c th
cho BTMLQ v k hoch ca Abrams. Ngy hm sau, 18 thng 1,
k hoch nh qua Cam Bt v H Lo c thuyt trnh Ta
Bch c di s tham d ca Tng Thng Nixon, B Trng
Quc Phng Laird, Ngoi Trng Rogers, c Moorer, Gim
c CIA Helms, v Kissinger. B Trng Quc Phng Laird l
thuyt trnh vin. V nhng g c cp l nhng g c
MACV son tho: nh qua n in Chup; nh qua Tchepone;
v mt cuc hnh qun thung lng A Shau nh l mt k hoch
nghi binh. Tng Thng Nixon hi nhiu cu hi; bn cht ca
nhng cu hi l MACV c ym tr cho VNCH khng, v s
kh khn ca cuc hnh qun ln ny qua Cam Bt. Nixon nhn
mnh mt im quan trng, n thng 11 nm 1972, M s ch
cn 100.00 ngn qun v y l c hi cui cng cho VNCH
phn cng. [8] Gim c CIA Richard Helms tin on i
phng s t th lnh a ca h ; Ngoi Trng William
Rogers th lo s Th Tng Souvanna Phouma ca Lo s c lc
phn i, v s yu cu qun VNCH rt khi Lo cng sm cng
tt. Ngoi Trng Rogers ni thm, Souvanna hi ti sao khng
tn cng vo vng Ba Bin Gii, hay Saravane, m li l
Tchepone? Sau mt ting ri bn tho, tt c ng s i n

quyt nh trong bui hp k tip.

Ngy 19, y Ban Hnh ng c Bit tr li Ta Bch c vi
ti ca ngy 18. [9] Ln ny th cc y vin ni ln s lo lng ca
h v k hoch ca MACV ng hn l k hoch ca BTMLQ.
Nhiu cu hi c tnh cch do d v hoi nghi c nu ln. Ph
Ngoi Trng U. Alexis Johnson ln ting, theo nh ng bit vi
nm trc y ng c ngh hnh qun qua Lo. Nhng k
hoch i hi n su s on tham d ln ny ti sao ch
c hai s on? [10] Tip theo Johnson l ph b trng quc
phng David Packard, vi tin on QND s tip vin qun t v
tuyn 17 xung, v s chng tr mnh lit; v t cu hi v tnh
trng ca ng 9, cn lu thng c hay khng ( c
Moorer tr li l c). Bui hp a ra vi chi tit c tt c
ng : Hnh qun qua Chup v Tchepone s khai din gn nhau
Ngy 15 thng 1 cho Cam Bt; ngy 7, hay 8 thng 2 cho H
Lo. Tuy ng nguyn tc v l do ca k hoch hnh qun,
nhng nhiu bt ng ngm ngm gia cc thm quyn vn cha
c thng nht, trong khi ngy khai din hnh qun cn k.
T ngy 19 n n ngy 28 thng 1 c thm nm ln hp Ta
Bch c. Trong hai ln hp sau cng ngy 26 v 28, cc thm
quyn tranh lun thm mt vn nn mi: Theo tinh thn ca b
lut Cooper-Church, Hoa K khng th cung cp trc thng
chuyn ch cho VNCH vo t Lo hay Cam Bt nh vy
MACV phi thay i k hoch hnh qun mt cch no m
Hoa K khng phi ym tr trc thng. Mt i khi nhng trao
i gia Tng Thng Nixon v tham mu trng BTMLQ Moorer
nghe nh ging nh mt hi kch khng hay. Nixon hi Moorer c
cch no VNCH nh vo Tchepone m khng cn trc thng ym
tr t Hoa K; trc thng qun Lo c nguy him khng (
c Moorer tr li l khng nguy him lm!). Ri ng tng
thng yu cu c Moorer hi li tng Abrams li cho chc
chn l ym tr khng vn ca Hoa K l thit yu cho LS719.
[11] T Si Gn Abrams tr li mt cch nng ny v bc tc:
Khng c trc thng th khng c LS719; v nu khng nh vo

Tchepone th khng cn mc tiu no xng ng hnh qun.

Abrams ni thm ng s hy b cuc hnh qun vo ngy 28 nu
Hoa Thnh n cha c quyt nh. [12]
Sau cng, ngy 28 thng 1 Tng Thng Nixon quyt nh cho
php k hoch Cam Bt c thc hin ng lch trnh; k hoch
LS719 c thc hin Giai an 1 v sau s c quyt nh mi
cho giai an k tip. Nhng hnh qun qua Cam Bt phi nm
trong k hoch.
Cc Ch:
[1] H. R. Haldeman, The Haldeman Diaries, tr. 224.
[2] FRUS, Vietnam, January 1970 July 1972, Document 89; 90.
Haig n Nam Vang v Si Gn t ngy 13 n ngy 17 thng 121970. Chiu ngy 17 Si Gn, Haig v i S Bunker ni
chuyn ring vi Tng Thng Thiu hn mt ting ng h v hai
k hoch hnh qun qua Lo v Cam Bt.
[3] Lewis Sorley, A Better War: The Unexamined Vitories and
Final Tragedy of Americas Last Years in Vietnam, tr. 230.
[4] Alexander M. Haig mang chc i t khi mi v lm ph t
qun s cho Kissinger trong HANQG vo thng 6-1969. n
u nm 1973 Haig c thng ch i tng. Chc v sau
cng trong qun i ca Haig l i tng tng t lnh t lnh
qun i ng minh NATO.
[5] FRUS, sd, Document 96.
[6] S tht bi v c lng ca CIA i vi hng xm nhp qua
ung Sihanoukville c gii thch trong mt ti liu ca CIA,
Thomas Ahern, Jr., Good Question, Wrong Answer: CIAs
Estimates Arms Traffic Throught Sihanoukville, Cambodia,
During the Vietnam War. Trong hai nm ri (12-1966 n 61969) CIA c tnh ng Sihanoukville vn chuyn tng cng
t 6.500 tn n 11.500 tn. Con s tht s l 22.000 tn. Theo tc
gi Trng Sn trong Cuc Hnh Trnh Nm Ngn Ngy m,
mi nm ng xm nhp C-4 (Sihanoukville) cung cp 10.000
tn go v 5.000 tn qun nhu qun dng khc. c Trng Sn,

sd, tr. 145. Trong thng vn gi Nixon ngy 21 thng 1-1971,

Kissinger ngh Gim c CIA Helms nn thay i (gii
nhim) mt s nhn s lin quan n s tht bi tnh bo
Sihanoukville. FRUS, sd, Docemnet 107.
[7] FRUS, sd, Document 103. B lut Cooper-Church, ph
chun thng 6-1970, cm qun i xi tin cho Cam Bt; v cm
qun tc chin M c mt Cam Bt v Lo (Public Law 91-626.
Section 7).
[8] Trn thc t, vo thng 5-1972, Hoa K ch cn 69.00 ngn
qun Vit Nam; v 24.000 vo cui nm. Khi CSVN tn cng
vo thng 4, MACV ch c hn 400 trm lnh c lit vo lai
tc chin, trong tng s qun hn 100.000. Nguyn nm 1972, M
ch c 300 t thng. c Peter Braestrup, ch bin, Vietnam as
History, phn ph lc.
[9] y Ban Hnh ng c Bit (Washington Special Actions
Group) l mt y ban gm nhng thm quyn hng th nh ca
cc b v c quan, nh l ph b trng, ph gim c CIA, hay
l ngi c y quyn quyt nh thay cho thm quyn ca c
quan. y l mt li t chc trnh ng chm gia cc b
trng: Trc mt tng thng h khng mun i co hay c
kin ngc li nhau. Nhng sau h y quyn cho ph t
quyt nh thay h. Bui hp ngy 18 c b trng ngoi giao,
quc phng v gim c CIA; ngy 19 th ch c nhng ng ph,
nhng l nhng ngi quyt nh. Bui hp ngy 19-1-1971
nm trong FRUS, sd, Document 105.
[10] Ph Ngoi Trng U. Alexis Johnson ni chnh ng
ngh nh qua Lo t nm 1965. Nhng ngh b ph quyt v
theo c tnh lc , cuc hnh qun cn t nht l su s on.
Johnson n Si Gn vi i S Henry Cabot Lodge vo nm
1963.
[11] FRUS, sd, Document 109. in vn t BTMLQ gi
CINCPAC v MACV ngy 26 thng 1, bt u, mc d chng ta
cy ti lui vn ny nhiu ln, nhng ti b hi li l qun
i VNCH c th thc hin cuc hnh qun m khng cn trc
thng khng vn ca Hoa K.

[12] The Joint Chiefs of Staff and the War in Vietnam, tr. 5, cc
ch 11.
LS719 Nhn T MACV
Si Gn, LS719 c chnh thc nhc n trong bui hp cp
nht tnh bo hng tun ngy 28 thng 11-1970. i Tng
Frederick Weyand, thay tng Abrams ch to bui hp, ni
tng Abrams ang tho lun chi tit vi i Tng Cao Vn
Vin. Hai ngy sau, 1 thng 12-1970, cng trong bui hp tng
t di s c mt ca Abrams, Thiu Tng William Potts, ch
huy trng Phng 2 MACV m u: chun b cho bui hp
ca i tng v i Tng Vin tra nay, chng ta s bt u v
lu lng xe vn ti xm nhp [1] Nh vy, c th ni BTTM
VNCH c MACV d hi kin v k hoch LS719 sm
nht l t ngy 28 thng 11. Theo Thiu Tng Nguyn Duy
Hinh, u thng 1-1971 tng Abrams gi tng Vin, ngh
cch chnh thc v k hoch LS719. Vi ngy sau tng Abrams
gp tng Vin vi bn v trnh by k hach ca MACV. [2]
K hoch ca MACV cho ma kh 1971. (1) hnh qun qua Cam
Bt: Mt lc lng t 20.000 n 22.000 qun s tn cng Cam
Bt bng ba hng. Mt hng i theo ng 7 nh qua Chup
v v Kampong Cham; hng th hai nh v Snoul v Kratie; v
cnh qun th ba theo quc l 1 nh v hng ty bc. Sau khi
thanh ton c mc tiu, hai cnh qun hng Kampong Cham
v Kratie s i vng li bt tay vi cnh qun trn quc l 1.
Cng lc, dc theo bin gii, qun c hu ca Qun on IV s
nh vo so huyt ca B-2 Ni Tht Sn, Ni Ba Th. Hai lc
lng tng tr b TQLC v Nhy D s c mt trong nhng cnh
qun nh qua Cam Bt. Nhng ch l k nghi binh, v hai lc
lng tng tr b s c di chuyn ra Qun on I, khi Giai
on II ca hnh qun LS719 bt u. Cuc Hnh qun qua Cam
Bt c t tn l Ton Thng 1/71. (2) Hnh Qun qua H Lo:

hnh qun c bn giai an. Giai on I: Mt lc lng c gii

ca Hoa K s dn ng 9 t ng H n phi trng Khe
Sanh. Phi trng Khe Sanh s c ti thit v y s l a im
tip liu v b t lnh tin phng ca cuc hnh qun. Giai on
II: Trong khi qun b binh v thit k tn cng theo ng 9 v
hng Tchepone (cn c tip liu 604), mt lc lng Nhy D s
b chim Tchepone v gi phi trng Tchepone. Giai an III:
Mt khi Tchepone v ng 9 c bo m an ton, cc ton
qun s bung ra lc sot, ph hy nhng kho hng ca Binh Trm
33 trong vng. Giai an IV: Giai on ny ty thuc vo iu
kin pht trin ca Giai on III. Nu iu kin xy ra nh tin
liu, qun t Tchepone s nh vng li hng ty nam, nhm vo
cn c tip liu 611 (thung lng A Shau) bt tay vi mt lc
lng t bin gii nh ra. [3] Hnh qun Ton Thng 1/71
(TT1/71) s bt u 15 thng 1; Giai on I ca LS719 bt u 30
thng 1; Giai on II, ngy 7 hay 8 thng 2. Hoa K s ym tr
khng vn, khng qun chin thut, chin lc, v pho binh.
l k hoch t MACV ngh cho VNCH v BTMLQ Hoa K, v
Ta Bch c cho n ngy 19 thng 1-1971.
y chng ta thy s v l v mu thun ca mt k hoch v
phng din tm l v t xut (bt ng). V tm l, mt k hoch
hnh qun cp qun on, khi ng hai mt trn cng lc
nhng phi chn ch, thay i, thm vo, bt ra ch v kh khn
v chnh tr v ti chnh. Nhng cng v li th chnh tr v ti
chnh nn mi c k hoch ny. Nh cp an trn, chnh
ph Nixon thy trong ti kha sp n ngn sch khng cn cho
php nh mnh v gi li nhiu qun chin trng Vit Nam.
Nm 1971 l nm cui cng MACV cn qun v cn tin
hnh qun ln. Ngoi kh khn ti chnh , quc hi v s
tip tc ra nhiu b lut kha tay pha hnh php v nhng hot
ng qun s ng Dng (b lut Church-Cooper l mt th
d). Ni mt cch khc, phi hnh qun ln v s ht tin v ht
php nh. V tnh cht bt ng ca cuc hnh qun: ng binh
hai qun on cho hai, ba mt trn cng lc th kh gi kn b mt;

 y b mt cn kh gi kn hn khi cp trn khng cho cu tr

li xc nh chun b ng binh kp thi. T ngy 13 thng 1,
BTTM v MACV cho san tho k hoch hnh qun cho cc
qun binh chng, v bo ng cc n v c trch nhim chun b.
Ch cn 11 ngy na l ngy hnh qun (ngy 30 thng 1, theo k
hach), nhng n ngy 19 cp trn vn cha gii quyt c kh
khn ca h. [4]
B Tng Tham Mu Vit Nam Cng Ha nhn k hoch ca Hoa
K khng phi khng c kin tri li. Tng Thng Thiu v i
Tng Vin c ni cho i Tng Abrams kin ca h.
Ngy 17 thng 12, khi c tng Haig trnh by k hoch hnh
qun Cam Bt v Lo, Tng Thng Thiu ni ln kin ca ng.
Nhng g ng Thiu trnh by khng sai s tht v phng din
qun s v chnh tr. Tng Thng Thiu ni ng hon ton ng
vi k hoch nh qua Lo, nhng hnh qun qua Cam Bt th
kh khn. ng Thiu ni Cam Bt cha c mt qun i, cha c
mt k hoch, v cha c dp ng mnh vi QND. V
VNCH khng th gip h mi ln h cn tip cu. Trong nhng
cuc hnh qun Cam Bt gn y (hnh qun sau thng 5-1970
v trc TT1/71) VNCH khng nhn c ym tr no t MACV.
ng Thiu ni nm nay l nm bu c tng thng VNCH, v
QND/QGP s dng mi n lc nh mnh gy ting xu cho
chnh ph sp ti (m ng Thiu l mt ng c vin). Lm sao
VNCH c th em mt s qun ln hnh qun qua Cam Bt trong
khi qun i M rt i mt cch nhanh chng. Hin thi M ch
cn mt l on v mt tiu on Khng K cho nguyn Qun
on III, v ch vi nhim v bo v doanh tri. ng Thiu
ngh, nu Hoa K mun VNCH hnh qun qua H Lo v Cam
Bt, mt s iu kin phi c tho mn: Gii hn s qun rt i
trong thi gian thng 5 n thng 7-1971; sau ngng rt qun
cho n sau bu c (bu c tng thng VNCH, 3-10-1971); Cng
lc vi chng trnh rt qun, hoa K phi a ra mt k hoch
kinh t di hn ngi dn min nam khng c cm tng Hoa
K ang b ri h. [5]

 kin ca tng Vin v LS719. nh qua Tchepone l k hoch

tng Vin ngh t lu. Nhng ng khng mun thy nh
mt hnh qun di hn. Tng Vin ngh mt cuc t kch
bng Nhy D thng vo Tchepone; ri t Tchepone ng ngc
ra ng 9 bt tay vi qun b binh nh t bin gii qua.
Nhng k hoch ca tng Vin khng c chp thun v khng
c ym tr t MACV. Tng Abrams nghe v n trng kin
tng Vin. Nhng vi gii hn thm quyn ca ng, ng khng
th lm g hn. Rt nhiu ln tng Abrams th l vi cc tng
lnh l ng c li, v thy n hn v tht ha vi tng Vin.
[6]
Sau chuyn ving thm ca tng Haig, BTTM v MACV lp tc
phn cng v giao trch nhim cho cc s quan Phng 3. Chun
Tng Trn nh Th v Thiu Tng Donald H. Cowles i din
lin lc cho mi bn. Gia thng 1 tng Th v tng Cowles
bay ra Qun on I thuyt trnh cho t lnh Qun on XXIV
v Qun on I, Trung Tng James Sutherland v Trung Tng
Hong Xun Lm. Vi hm sau, mt vi b ch huy v b t lnh
Vit-M c thng bo chun b k hoch LS719. Phi nhn
mnh mt chi tit quan trng: v tnh cch ti mt ca cuc hnh
qun, ch mt vi b ch huy v b t lnh thit yu mi nhn
c thng bo lnh chun b hnh qun. Cc n v cn li th
phi ch n ngy 30 thng 1 mi c thng bo qua lnh hnh
qun ca Qun on I.
LS719 Nhn T H Ni
H Ni bit g v k hoch LS719? Sau cuc hnh qun hn 40
nm, chng ta vn khng c ti liu no chng minh H Ni bit,
hay c tin tc trc v LS719. Vi quyn sch gn y vit v cc
ip vin QND/QGP bit trc cuc hnh qun qua H Lo.
Tuy nhin vi tt c nhng g c vit v ni, chng ta c th
khn nh H Ni khng bit chc chn v k hoch HQLS719cn c vo nhng ti liu n t QND/QGP. [7]

Mt iu chng ta c th xc nh chc chn l QND/QGP

tin on ng k hoch qun s ca VNCH v Hoa K. Cn c
vo mt chui s kin v qun s v chnh tr xy ra t u nm
1970 cho n cui nm , QND/QGP tin liu c k hoch
ln, nu khng ni l to bo ca M v VNCH. Trong mt ln
ni chuyn vi k gi ty phng H Ni cui nm 1970, cu
Ngoi Trng Nguyn C Thch ni Tng Thng Nixon c
khuynh hng lm nhng vic to bo nn chnh ph
QND/QGP phi d liu nhng vin tng bt ng v to bo
nht ca M. Khi ni to bo, Ngoi Trng Thch mun ni
n chuyn LLB M t kch vo Binh Trm 37 Bn Bc; v
v t kch cu t binh M Sn Ty. H Ni suy lun, nu M
dm nhy ra Sn Ty, th M c th tn cng bt c chin
trng no. [8] Vi suy lun nh vy, QND/QGP tin on
Tchepone H Lo; hai tnh Qung Bnh v H Tnh; v Cam Bt
c th s l mc tiu mi ca Hoa K v VNCH. Suy lun ca cc
chin lc gia QND/QGP khng sai. Theo Thng Tng
Nguyn Hu An, t lnh S on 308, t thng 7-1970 ng
c lnh i quan st a hnh vng Lao Bo, Bn ng v
Tchepone. Tng An cho bit Qun y Trung ng tin liu Bn
ng v Tchepone c th l mc tiu tn cng ca VNCH trong
tng lai gn. [9] Cng vo thi gian trn, mt mt trn c
thnh lp, c tn l Mt Trn 702, vi binh on B70 l b t lnh
iu khin ba S on 304, 308, 320. Sau Mt Trn 702,
BinhonTrngSn ( BTS) thip lp thm mt binh trm mi
c tn l Binh Trm 27, ng pha ty nam Qung Bnh, nm
gia cc Binh Trm quan trng nh 9 v 14. Binh Trm 27 c vai
tr phi hp cc binh trm ca BTS v Tng Cc Hu Cn.
Cc chin lc gia H Ni khng c c tin trc v LS719,
nhng h c lng suy tnh ca Hoa K ng. V nu H Ni
c tin v LS719 trc ngy 30 thng 1, th h khng ng binh
qu chm nh xy ra: Ngy 30 thng 1-1971 cc trung on
tip vin ca QND/QGP mi ln lc di chuyn vo chin
trng. S on 324 n ngy 15 thng 2 mi c mt ty nam

Lao Bo tc chin. Theo tc gi Nguyn Hu An, trong cuc

chuyn ln cui vi tng V Nguyn Gip, ng Gip ch suy
lun M c th tn cng H Lo hay Qung Bnh. Ri sau , ng
v tng Vng Tha V, cng mt s s quan i dc b bin t
Ngh An xung Qung Bnh quan st a hnh. V t nhng cha
xc nh r mc tiu ca Qun y Trung ng, S on 308 n
ngy 2 thng 2 mi ln ng hnh qun. [10] n tun l u
thng 12 c cu hu cn phc v cho BTL B70 mi c hon
chnh v thng bo. Mt chi tit khc cho thy Qun y Trung
ng khng chc chn mc tiu no s b tn cng, khi u thng
12 BTL B70 ch th hu cn ca h phi chun b ng chin cho
mt trn pha nam Qun Khu 4 (H Tnh xung Qung Bnh),
song song vi chun b cho mt trn ng 9. [11]
Cc Ch:
[1] Lewis Sorley, The Abrams Tapes, tr. 507; A Better War, tr. .
Ni dung bui hp ngy 28 thng 11 cha c gii mt, tc gi
trch theo Lewis Sorley. Ni dung bui hp 1 thng 12 nm trong
The Abrams Tapes.
[2] Nguyn Duy Hinh, Operation Lam Son 719, tr. 33.
[3] FRUS, sd, Document 105; Nguyn Duy Hinh, sd, trang 33.
[4] Ngy 28 B Ngai Giao yu cu i S Bunker ni vi Tng
Thng Thiu l h c th hi li Giai on II ca K Hoch A
Shau (A Shau l ngy danh ca Tchepone trong thng vn v
truyn tin). Nhng, h yu cu VNCH sn sng di chuyn qun
(Nhy D v TQLC) bt u t m 30-31. FRUS, sd, Document
113, ch thch 2.
[5] FRUS, sd, Document 91.
[6] Nguyn Duy Hinh, sd, tr. 33. Thiu Tng Hinh vit, tng
Vin chp k hoch ca MACV v cn ym tr ca Hoa K, v
khng cp cho tng Abrams nghe v kin ring ca ng.
Trc tng Vin ra lnh cho Phng 3 BTTM tm nhng bi
b d Tchepone. Ti vn thng ni, ngy vui nht ca ti
l ngy i Tng Cao Vn Vin gi ti v xi x ti. Ngy l
ngy ti vui nht. Nhng tng Vin s khng lm chuyn ; ng

ta qu lch s. Nhng ti mun ng ta lm nh vy. Sorley, The

Abrams Tapes, tr. 302-316.
[7] Tc gi Larry Berman trong Perfect Spy: The Incredible
Double Life of Pham Xuan An, tr. 184-185, vit v chuyn ng
n bit c k hoch LS719 t s quan cao cp Nhy D v
LLB. V l tt c nhng g ng n ni. ng khng ni
bit c g mt cch c th v chi tit hn.
[8] on ng tnh cch liu lnh v hiu chin ca Nixon, c
trong Merle L. Pribbenow, Victory in Vietnam: The Official
History of the Peoples Army of Vietnam, 1954-1975, tr. 272. y
l bn dch Anh ng Lch S Qun i Nhn Dn Vit Nam, Tp
II: Thi K Trng Thnh ca Qun i Nhn Dn Vit Nam
trong cuc Khng Chin Chng M, Cu Nc (1954-1975),
Seymour Hersch, The Price of Power, tr. 306.
[9] Thng Tng Nguyn Hu An, Chin Trng Mi, tr. 104106.
[10] Nguyn Hu An, sd, tr. 106-109.
[11] Tng Cc Hu Cn, Cng Tc Hu Cn Chin Dch ng 9
Nam Lo, tr. 75, 79, 137, 138, 139, 216. L do phi chun b cho
H Tnh-Qung Bnh v BTL MACV c dn cnh nghi binh nh
sp b ln hng . Bo co ca Cc hu Cn B70 vit: B70
ang chun b k hoch tin cng vo mt chin trng khc (nu
ch khng ra) th ch tp kt qun ng H, chun b nh ra
ng 9. on k tip, bo co vit n m 2 thng 2, th
ng y ca B70 mi xc nh c k hoch tc chin c th.
Sd, tr. 139.
CHNG 5: T Cam Bt n H Lo.
[Tip theo #26]
Ngy 30 thng 1, c quan tnh bo in t ca MACV v NSA
bt c truyn tin t cc Binh Trm 9, 27, 33, 34, cho bit h
nhn c lnh ng chin trong trng hp b tn cng t Hng
A Shau hay ng 9. Truyn tin ng thi cho bit v tr ca cc
n v ch lc qun i QND/QGP: S on 304, 308, 312 v

325 vn cn ti ch; c mt ti Lo l l b ch huy ca hai

Trung on 165 v 209; S on 316; S on 320 vn cn
bc Qung Bnh; b ch huy ca Trung on 64 ang nam-ngnam Bn Karai, trn ng vo nam. [1]
H Ni theo di nhng bin chuyn ngoi giao trong nm
1970, v khng kh khn khi tin on k hoch nh qua Cam
Bt v H Lo ca VNCH v Hoa K. Thng 10-1970 Th Tng
Souvanna Phouma n Ta Bch c din kin Nixon; thng 12,
tng Haig i Nam Vang, ri Si Gn. Ln trc, thng 3-1970,
Haig ri Nam Vang th vi thng sau qun lc Vit-M tn cng
qua Cam Bt. Th Tng Phouma qua thm ving Hoa Thnh n
vo thng 10 l mt du hiu r rng nht. Chup, Kratie, Bn
ng v Tchepone s l nhng mc tiu sp ti. Ngy 2 thng 2
MACV cho bit bt c nhng in tn khc nhau t Qung
Bnh cho bit, Qun i ng minh, gm mt s on Nhy D;
l on TQLC v n v Thit K. Trong khi mt in tn khc
ku gi n v chun b tc chin chng qun ng minh khi h
b ln b bin. MACV suy lun ch cha xc nh c
VNCH v Hoa K s tht s hnh qun u. [2] C th
QND/QGP khng chc chn mc tiu no s b tn cng, nhng
h chun b cho tt c cc im nghi ng. C quan nghe ln
v truyn tin in t NSA cho bit QND/QGP chun b
cho vng Tchepone, Bn ng, A Shau t u thng 10. Thng
11 v 12, tip liu chuyn ch vo cc binh trm gia tng nhiu
hn. MACV ng vi NSA v s gia tng hu cn ca cc binh
trm: my bo ng lu lng xe trn HCM chuyn ch tng ln
2860 ln vo thng 12, so vi trung bnh 865 ln trong nhng
trong thng trc. [3]
Ngy 15 thng 1-1971 Hnh Qun Ton Thng 1/71 khai din, vi
mt lc lng 12.000 qun nh qua Cam Bt theo hng quc l
1. Ngy 30, cnh qun thit k v b binh ca Qun on III nh
theo ng 7 v hng n in Chup v Kompong Som. Mt
vi n v Nhy D v TQLC c mt vng hnh qun TT1/71,
nhng ch l k nghi binh. Qun on IV, cc n v c hu
ca qun on nh vo Ni Tht Sn, Ni Ba Th, U Minh, v

dc theo hnh lang Ty Ninh-bin gii Cam Bt. [4]

Qun on I, Giai on I ca LS719 c hiu lc t rng sng
30 thng 1. Cng ngy, Gim c CIA Richard Helms gi cho
Henry Kissinger mt c lng trn lit ca QND/QGP trong
vng hnh qun. [5] Ngy hm sau 31, BTL Qun on I v Qun
on XXIV ra qun lnh cho LS719. [6] Hai ngy sau, 3 thng 2,
S on Nhy D ra qun lnh hnh qun. Ngy 4 thng 2, Tng
Thng Nixon cho php tip tc Giai an II LS719. Hnh Qun
Lam Sn 719 (HQ/LS719) ang thnh hnh.
Giai on I/ Dewey Canyon II
Giai an chun b cho LS719 c gi Giai on I, v c t
tn Hnh Qun Dewey Canyon II. Giai on I bt u rng sng
ngy 30 thng 1, khi L on 5 C Gii Hoa K dn v sa
ng 9 t ng H v Lao Bo. Lc lng ny c trch nhim
bo m an ninh lu thng trn ng 9, v bo m an ninh cho
phi trng Khe Sanh sau khi c trng tu. Khe Sanh s l bn
doanh ca nhiu b chi huy tin phng ca nhiu n v, v l
trung tm nhn, giao tip liu cho mt trn. Tn Dewey Canyon
II c c Moorer ca BTMLQ chn t gia thng 1 trong
mt bui thuyt trnh Ta Bch c. L do chn tn Dewey
Canyon l nh la i phng! ng gii thch, mt nm
trc, cuc hnh qun nh qua cn c hu cn 911 A Shau c
tn l Dewey Canyon. By gi ly tn Dewey Canyon II, i
phng c th suy on y l cuc hnh qun nh tr li vng
thung lng A Shau. [7] Tng t, nhng mc tiu chnh ca cuc
hnh qun u c ngy danh nh lc hng ch: A Shau l
Tchepone; A Luoi l Bn ng; Ca Vit v Ca Tng l ngy
danh cho hai cn c hu cn 604 v 609, pha ty nam Co Roc,
mt nh ni vi cao st bin gii, nhn xung ng 9.
Ngy danh Ca Vit, Ca Tng nm trong k nghi binh, nh
mun b ra Qung Bnh, Vnh Linh.

Giai on I hon ton do Qun on XXIV Lc Qun Hoa K

ph trch. Qun on XXIV n Vit Nam t thng 9, 1968, c
bn doanh Ph Bi. Sau khi BTL Qun on III TQLC ri Vit
Nam, Qun on XXIV thay TQLC tr thnh BTL C Vn cho
Qun on I, v ph trch chin trng nm tnh ca Vng I.
Qun on c di tay S on 23 B Binh; S on Nhy D
101; L on Khinh Binh 196; L on 5 C Gii; 10 tiu on
pho binh; v khong 600 trc thng (450 ca Lin on Khng
Vn 101/S on 101 Nhy D; s cn li l c hu ca qun
on). T Lnh Qun on Trung Tng James W. Sutherland,
mt s quan binh chng Thip Gip, tng phc v di quyn
i Tng Abrams vo cui thp nin 50 Ty c.
Giai on I/ Dewey Canyon II kt thc ngy 6 thng 2. Quc l
9 t ng H v Lao Bo c an ninh tng i. Phi trng Khe
Sanh ang c ti thit (b hoang t nm 1968), nhng ch nhn
c phi c c trng ti nh, cha nhn c phi c vn ti nng
nh C-130 tr ln. (n ngy 15 thng 2 C-130 mi p phi v
u tin). T ngy 4 n ngy 6 cc lc lng c hu hay thng
thuc Qun on I trong HQ/LS719 ln lc qun xung Khe
Sanh.
Ta Nh Trng trong tun l 30 thng 1 n 6 thng 2, c
Moorer, Kissinger v cc y vin ca HANQG lin tc hp v
cp nht tnh trng ca Hnh Qun Dewey Canyon II: Giai an I
kt thc vi bn qun nhn M t thng, ba trc thng b bn
ri, vi phi hnh on ca mt trong ba b mt tch.
Ngy 6 thng 2, MACV bo co nhiu tin tc khng c li cho
tnh hnh tng qut mt trn LS719: Ma lm rm lin tc pha
ng Trng Sn; vn ti ca BTS gia tng hot ng tip liu;
518 xe vn ti ca BTS vt khi nhng trng im oanh tc
ca khng lc Hoa K. Tm mi ba, trong s 518 chuyn xe
hng ny xm nhp vo lnh th VNCH. Tin tc bi quan nht, l
khng lc M khng chn c ng tip liu ca QND/QGP
qua H Lo. Chng ti lm tt c nhng g c th lm.

Chng ti gn my bo ng; di bom, gi bom CBUs tt c

nhng g lm c ... Nhng ch vn i c qua li , mt s
quan i din Khng Lc 7 ni vi i Tng Abrams. [8] BTS
ang c 9.000 xe ang hot ng, ngi s quan Khng Qun cho
bit thm.
Cc Ch:
[1] Lewis Sorley, The Abrams Tapes, tr. 527.
[2] Sorley, nh trn, tr. 530.
[3] NSA nghe truyn tin ca cc binh trm t thng 10-1970, cho
n u thng 2-1971. National Security Agency in Vietnam, tr.
576.
[4] Cuc hnh qun t Qun on 4 ca tng Ng Quang
Trng nh theo quc l 1 ln hng bc c tn l Cu Long 4402, khai din ngy 16 thng 1-1971. Ton Thng 1/71 v Cu
Long 44-02 khai din gn nh cng lc vi Lam Sn 719. c,
i Tng Donn A. Starry, Mounted Combat in Vietnam, tr. 197.
[5] L do nhiu ngun tin ni Kissinger l ngi ch trng
LS719, v ng ta yu cu CIA cp nht tin tc t ngy 30 thng 1
n ngy 7 thng 2.
[6] Lnh hnh qun ca Q XXIV lu hnh ngy 23 thng 1.
iu ny hp l vi chi tit ca i y Trng Duy Hy vit trong
T Th Cn C Ha Lc 30: Ngy 25 thng 1, ng c gi v b
ch huy tiu on pho binh c thng bo v HQ/LS719.
c Trng Duy Hy, sd, tr. 5. Sch ca tng Nguyn Duy Hinh
vit, ngy 21 thng 1, tng Lm v tng Sutherland bay v Si
Gn thuyt trnh k hoch hnh qun LS719 BTL MACV, ri
sau thuyt trnh ring cho Tng Thng Thiu chiu . c
Nguyn Duy Hinh, Operation Lam Sn 719, tr. 35.
[7] FRUS, sd, Document 104, tr. 283. Trc Giai on I ca
LS719, thng vn ca cc thm quyn M dng Operation A
Shau ch Tchepone/ LS719. n ngy 4 thng 2, Operation
Lam Son 719 mi chnh thc xut hin trn thng vn M.
[8] Lewis Sorly, The Abrams Tapes, tr. 531. Mi xe hng c trng

ti trung bnh l bn tn

Tho Lun trn VNM

@fanlong74: ti cng c c cc ti liu v sch bo m t:
... v ng Phm Xun n c nhc ti vic iu qun ch sn khu
vc Nam Lo trn c s tinh tnh bo v LS 719.... v
...Gia thng 1 tng Th v tng Cowles bay ra Qun on I
thuyt trnh cho t lnh Qun on XXIV v Qun on I,
Trung Tng James Sutherland v Trung Tng Hong Xun
Lm. Vi hm sau, mt vi b ch huy v b t lnh Vit-M c
thng bo chun b k hoch LS719. Phi nhn mnh mt chi tit
quan trng: v tnh cch ti mt ca cuc hnh qun, ch mt vi
b ch huy v b t lnh thit yu mi nhn c thng bo lnh
chun b hnh qun. Cc n v cn li th phi ch n ngy 30
thng 1 mi c thng bo qua lnh hnh qun ca Qun
on I....
iu ht sc ng qu l ng Phm Xun n nu bt c
ca M + VNCH t trong phi thai khi mun tin hnh Lam Sn
719. T c s thng tin tnh bo chin lc ny, BTTM c
nhng hoch nh v cc phng n khc nhau cho cc th trn
khc nhau. Tuy vy, khng thy ni n c th ca thi im/
khong thi gian bo tin - iu m ti rt ... rt mun quan tm v
tm hiu, .
Cn nhng k hoch tc chin c th v hoch ch chin thut
ca chin dch ny th li ang c cho l cng ca ng Tng
Vn Trinh - ip vin ti Ving Chn ti thi im: "Trong dp
chun b n Tt Tn-Hi (1971)" tc khong gia thng 01/1971
- ngun: Bo QND

Mun bit chnh xc ca thng tin ny n u, , xin mi tham

kho thng tin di y:
- khong gia nm 1970, F304 iu E24 vo nm vng ti a
bn bc ng 9, t Lao Bo - Khe Sanh sang n im cht cu
Kaki theo lnh ca BTL B70. ng ngy 15/01/1971, vo bui
sng, trc 30 pht khi F304 khai mc i hi mng cng cp s
on th c lnh ca Qun y Trung ng: iu ng E66 F304
ngay lp tc vo chin trng. i hi cp F din ra ch trong
15 pht v ngy 23/01/1971, E66 c mt ti v tr quy nh.
Quangcan - Vy, thng tin ny ca tin sinh nkp lm ti kh
u t:
...Vn tt y, ngun t MACV cho bit h "c" c truyn
tin ca cc binh trm, cho bit QND cha bit chc chn h s bi
tn cng Qung Bnh, Vnh Linh, hay H Lo cho n ngy 2
thng 2....
ng l ra ti phi tch ra lm 2 mng song song, va tip tc
mch bi vit va bn lun nhng trao i ca tin sinh nkp,
nhng qu tht s ri/ ln v ni dung kh bao hm v hi tham
lam khi ci g cng mun vit, mun trao i cc gc khc
nhau d nh hay vn khng nng trng tm. Mong tin sinh
nkp thng cm, .
NKP - Gp chung vi t/s Quangcan v t/s Fanlong74: Hai
bc ghi ch s liu hon ton hp l theo l lun, QDND bit
c nh ca VNCH-HK trong nm 1971; v QND bit c
nh mt phn qua tin tnh bo. T nhng yu t b TTM
QND c lng ng v hnh qun LS719 Nam Lo. Nhng
theo ti, b TTM QND c lng ng khng phi v tin tnh
bo, m v QND mun chun b cho mi tnh hung cho ba
chin trng ba x khc nhau. V h c lng ng khi i
chiu nhng gii hn ca i bn.
Thay v tin hon toan vo tnh bo --- cho bit mt trn s l nam

Lo -- b TTM QND chn chin thut bo v/ trinh st chung

trn ton tuyn, trn mi mt trn. Sch t cc s quan cp tng
ca QND vit v nhng chuyn trinh st nam Lo t thng 71971; hay i trinh st chung vi hai tng Gip v Vng Tha
V, nh v cc to pho binh dc min duyn hi H Tnh,
Qung Bnh, Vnh Linh, phng h ch b ng bin. Tuy
thay i qun (thay i vng trch nhim cu cc n v) nhng
nu cn, b t lnh c th vin binh cp tc n chin trng
trong trng hp cn thit (iu ny xy ra chin trng Nam
Lo, v cho thy kh nng hnh qun cp tc ca s on 308 t
H Tnh vo nam Lo). Vi li bi trn nh vy, b TMM QND
mi c th bo m c cho Binh on Trng Sn tip tc chi
vin cho chin trng B-2 ( bo v chin trng K); B-3 (cho
Ty Nguyn), v ba chin trng cn li B-1, B4, B-5, v TrThin-Hu.
Trong thi gian kh khn 1969-1970, d bi i 50 ngn cn b
v qun b binh B-3, v trn vng hot ng ca Binh on
Trng Sn (BTS), nhng con ng vn ti chin lc HCM
vn phi c hat ng; chi vin phi tip tc. Gi c kh th
phn cng trong chin thut "chia u binh ra" ny, gy mt nh
hng mnh i vi i phng. [trong mt bi thuyt trnh b
l lnh MACV, ngi tng chi huy trng phng 2 lu c ta
nh sau v lc lng ca QND/QGP "Phi nh, chng ta ang
i din vi by chin trng: Thng Lo; ng vn ti chin
lc HCM; chin trng Cam Bt; B-2; Qun Khu 5 [B-1]; B-5;
v Tr-Thin-Hu." [Ngun: the Abrams Tapes; v thi gian v
qun s gim i B-3/ Trng Sn, n t sch ca cc tng
ng V Hip/ ng S Nguyn/ Nguyn c Huy].
D on v c lng ca b TTM QND hon ton ng, da
theo kh nng hin c v kh nng ca VNCH-HK ang c: Nu
QND ang gp kh khn v ym tr vt cht, th pha VNCHHK ang gp nhiu kh khn v tm l chin v chnh tr i ni.
T sau v v binh tiu bang Ohio bn cht bn sinh vin biu tnh

chng chin tranh VN i hc cng lp Kent Sate, cc on biu

tnh cng ngy cng ng hn; p lc quc hi i ct gim ngn
sch quc phng/ ngn sch cho chin tranh VN gia tng quc
hi. Nhng VNCH-HK khng phi khng c "vn nn." S tht
bi trong cuc hnh qun Ivory Coast gii cu t binh Sn Ty
thng 10-1970; vn x dng v kh ha hc trong cuc hnh
qun Tail Wind, nh vo b chi huy binh trm 35 Bn Bc. ...
tt c u b ch trch, b iu tra.
Nhng cng qua hai ln t kch vo Sn Ty v Bn Bc trong
nm 1970, QND bit phng th nhiu ni l tt nht, v HK c
th t kch bt c ni no vi kh nng khng vn ca h. Quyt
nh ca b TTM QND c c quan truyn tin in t NSA v
qun bo Lc Qun HK c c. M c c nhiu thng tin
gia cc binh trm ca BTS: cc binh trm ln nh 10, 12, 16,
18, v cc trm giao lin t Vinh tr vo Qung Bnh. H c
c lin lc gia cc binh trm quan trng nh 30-33 (tng kho
t bc xung ng 9); v 40-42 (tng kho cho cc binh trm ph
trch B-2 v B-3). [v kh nng ca M c nhng truyn tin ca
QND/QGP, c Spartan in Darkness: American SIGINL and the
Indochina War, 1945-1975 ca Robert J. Hanyok, do Ban Mt M
ca NSA n hnh 2002. c phn Ca S [thnh ph] Vinh. Ni
dung lin lc ca mt s binh trm c ng trong the Abrams
Tapes.]
Sau cuc Hnh Qun Ton Thng 42/ Rock Crusher ca VNCHM, t thng 7-1970 n cui thng 12-1970, b TTM VNCH
ang cn cho qun dng sc; trong khi M ang thu dn chin
trng, trong ngha h chun b chm dt nhim v tc chin
v chun b rt qun. Khi b TTM QND c lng VNCH-M
trong cc cuc hnh qun cp lin qun AB (AB l k hiu cho
cc cuc hnh qun hng nm, c tnh cch chin lc) c th tn
cng t Ty Ninh v Phum Rovieng; Lc Ninh v Stung Treng;
hay Kontum v Attopeu, th c lng hi b quan; hi lo xa:
VNCH khng c kh nng nh xa nh vy vo Cam Bt hay Lo

(bn d kin hnh qun ca t/s Quangcan cho thy phm vi tn

cng qu xa v qu rng). B TTM c lng cuc tn cng ca
VNCH s c b binh M ym tr. Nhng vo thng 10-1970,
quc hi M c b lut cm qun tc chin M hin din Lo
v Cam Bt. K hoch chin lc AB cho nm 1971 ca VNCHM l gia tng bnh nh ha; bn giao trch nhim tc chin li
cho VNCH. Chng ta nn ch v thi gian tnh: T sau cuc
hnh qun Ton Thng 42 nh qua Cam Bt, cho n LS719
nh qua Lo, ch c hn 6 thng. Mt thi gian ngn d tr v
san tho.
T/s Quangcan hi: Rt mong tin sinh nkp cho bit/ cho kin
v vic tp hp binh lc ca QGP VN i ph vi chin dch
Lam Sn 719 ca VNCH + M.
Tr li: Nhng chi tit ca t/s Fanlong74 v ca t/s tm tt gn
nhng thay i vng trch nhim ca cc n v. S liu n t
Fanlong74 cho thy S on 2BB ra n vng trch nhim mi l
va ng s c lng trn. Hoa K c lng QGP chun b
tc chin chin trng ng 9-Nam Lo l bn trung on v
hai binh trm; tng ng 14 ngn qun cng mt s n v
Pathet Lo. Nhng mt ti liu khc lm cho ta ch : Trong Lch
S Qun i Nhn Dn, Tp 2, khi ni v k hoch v trn lit
ca QND chun b cho LS719, sch vit lc LS719 khai din (8
thng 2-1971), QGP ang c 60 ngn qun chun b cho lc
lng VNCH. Ti nhng chi tit ny cho qu tin sinh nhn
nh.
Mt s chi tit v ngun/ s liu bi vit ny s c cung cp
trong nhng chng ng v Tchepone: Hnh Qun Lam Sn
719 m ti s ln lc ng ti trn din n.
Quancan - Ti tn ng vic cho rng QVN nh gi ng
v tin lng c v cuc hnh qun Lam Sn 719 v v th k
hoch A1 ca chin dch ng 9 Nam Lo din ra theo l gc
c sn. y, ch chia s thm mt im nh:
- t thi im thng 7/1970 n thng 10/1970, QUTW iu F2

thiu v E141 ra ng 9 bc qung tr (khu vc mng phn)

ng chn v cng c nhm chun b cho chin trng Ty
Nguyn. Tuy vy, thng 9/1970, khi E28 thuc BTL B3 Ty
Nguyn sang Atopeu, Lo th ngay lp tc E31 F2 c iu vo
thay th nhm kp tham gia chin dch c Sing/ Dak Seang
1970.
Nh vy, trong khong thi gian ny, phi chng QUTW
thng tin nhn nh vi khoanh trn gii hn nh dn mc tiu
rng: "M + VNCH s ch ng nh ln trong ma kh 1971
hoc ti Ty Nguyn hoc ti ng 9 - hay c hai".
C mt s so snh khng h nh ti 2 khu vc khng gian:
- khng gian 1: dc theo ng 9 t ng sang ty, t Lao bo,
Vit Nam sang Bn ng, S Pn/ Tchepone, Mng Phn/ Muang
Phine, Muang Phan Lane/ Mng Phan Lan, Seno/ S N vi trc
dc l ng 16 (ng 92 trn bn ) vi 5-6 nhnh ta rng
ct ngang ng 9 thc xung Nam - H Lo.
- khng gian 2: a bn ng ba bin gii, t t VN sang Atopeu;
trc xng sng yt hu ca B3 Ty Nguyn; t y hon ton
kim sot c tuyn hu cn t B3 vo B2 hay t B3 xung B1.
Mt khu vc M + VNCH rt quen thuc v dy cng nghin cu,
r rng v c th vi tng mc ta khc nhau (link dn chng:
y.)
Chn chin trng
no l ty thuc
quyn ch ng ca
M + VNCH, nh
ln u trong ma
kh 1971 l ty thuc
h. Ch vi nhng
mc thi gian c th
khc nhau, qua qu

trnh phn tch v tng hp thng tin tnh bo, chi n l c, chi n
thut th pha Q VN mi c th dn xc nh, gii hn v c th
ha mc tiu i phng la chn
Quancan - ..Cng trong nhiu ln ni chuyn vi c
McCain; vi tham mu trng BTMLQ Earl Wheeler; v i b
trng quc phng Melvin Lair, tng Abrams nhc ti lui
nhiu ln tn ca nm cn c
hu cn 604, 611, 609, 352,
v 701: MACV mun c
php tn cng vo nhng cn
c . Cn c 604 l bn
doanh ca Binh Trm 33
Tchepone; 611 l Binh Trm
42 A Shau nh cp;
609 l Binh Trm 35 v 37
Bn Bc ph trch tip liu
cho B-3; cc cn c 350-354
v 701 l nhng cn c hu
cn bn trong ni a Cam
Bt, ph trch tip liu cho
b t lnh ln nht min nam,
BTL B-2 (B-2 c qun 32 tnh trong 44 tnh ca VNCH).

Coi copy bc in vn:

Trch dn : Kt thc hi ngh, ti cng Cc trng xng du

Tng cc Hu cn Phan T Quang v anh Mai Trng Ph c,
ngi c giao trc tip ch o thi cng, xung kim tra vic
lp t tuyn ng ng xng du. Lc ny, tuyn ng ng
K200 t Ra Mai c ko di vo khu vc K5, im mt cht
gia mt cnh rng gi, kh bng phng, pha nam Bn C (b c
ng 9 - khu vc S Pn)....Ngy 22 thng 12 nm 1969, ng
vo dp k nim trn mt phn t th k ngy thnh lp Qun i,
l khnh thnh tuyn ng ng xng du K200 - Bn C c t
chc ti K5.
Trong thi khc rt i thing ling ny, tr c ng o cn
b, chin s, ti xc ng ni:
- Hm nay chng ta ang chng kin mt s kin c ngha
v cng ln lao. on 559 a vo vn hnh on u tuy n
ng ng dn xng du chin lc ni hu phng ln min Bc
vi tin tuyn ln min Nam. Vi s kin ny, b i Trng Sn
c thm mt phng thc vn ti xng du mi, hin i, m t
binh chng mi. T nay, chng ta c bn khc phc c t n th t
ln v xng du do phi s dng t chuyn bng phuy, hoc xitc. y l mt bc ngot quyt nh, bo m vn ti hng ho

v c ng binh chng k thut quy m ln.

Thay mt B T lnh 559, ti by t lng c m n ng ch
Ch nhim Tng cc Hu cn - "Tng cng trnh s" tuyn ng
ng xng du Trng Sn; cm n nhng ngi lnh ng ng,
cng binh, thanh nin xung phong, cc binh trm i khng
t sc lc mu xng c c tuyn ng ng mang theo
"dng nc m thn k" p ng yu cu nh to, thng li c a
qun v dn ta trn chin trng.
Sau bui l trang nghim, xc ng, mi ngi tn mt chng
kin mt cng trnh c bit, bn vi cng lc ti p xng cho m t
tiu on xe ch mt mt gi ri; nu cp pht qua phuy hoc xitc nh trc y phi mt hn ba gi.
Ti nh thy qua dng xng tun chy, bng dng hng trm
chin s ang vt ni, bng sng g cng nhng ba l xng, can
xng nm no!
Ch nhng ngi trong cuc, hoc chng ki n nh ng thng
ngy ng cay, c cc, khi m mt git xng vo ti chin tr ng
c i bng c bt m hi, thm ch bng mu, mi thc
c tm th ln lao ca s kin a ng ng xng du Trng
Sn vo vn hnh.
Dng xng du theo tuyn ng vo ti S Pn cung c p tr c
tip cho Binh trm 32 v mt s binh trm khc l m t s ki n
ln,...
ngun: ng Xuyn Trng Sn - ng S Nguyn.

Coi tip copy in vn ...

Quangcan - Mt im nhn ng ch l ti sao QUTW li rt

F2 thiu, E141 v s xut hin ca F324/ s on b binh 324/
on Ng Bnh (thng 10/1970) ra ng 9 nam/ bc Qung
Tr??? t rt sm, ngay t khong gia nm 1970??? ti sao li l

h m khng phi l cc n v khc? ti sao rt nhiu nh vy v

s dn n hu qu/ nguy c mt a bn nghim trng - thnh qu
ca c qu trnh 1965 - 1969??? Mt hnh ng phiu lu mo
him hay nc c tnh k, chp nhn c/ mt???...
Tip tc bi vit theo
mch dn trn, vi vi
p
n
nh:
Cc n v trn u c
kinh nghim nh ng
bng, nht l cch thc
v hot ng tc chin
khi i mt vi chin
thut trc thng vn v
cc th on tp kch
ng khng ca M v VNCH - con bi chin lc ti u s
trin khai trong chin dch Lam Sn 719. Hn th na, cn l
s trng thnh trong qu trnh i mt tiu dit cc cm c
im, cn c ln khi M v VNCH "nhy cc" thit lp cc FSB:
- c th k n F2 vi chin dch Khm c 1969 khi i mt v i
l on 196 s dng chin thut bc v: dng c cng lun
su nh him to thi c cho b binh vy - ln - di p nt cc
c im ngoi vi bo v bn ngoi. T , va dng ha lc pho
binh v cao x kha cht ca ng ra vo thung lng Khm c
va di thng xung khu lng cho. Chin thut ny c p dng
vo trn nh cao im 550, 723/ Phu Rp/ Ph. Rep trn ng 9.
Hoc hnh thc chin thut "c ng tin cng kt hp cht" nhm
xy dng mt dy phng tuyn ti khu vc gip ranh Sn Cm
H/ Phc Sn - Phc Cm - Phc H vi Ni Ln - Dng
Vng - Ni Ngang - Dc Xoi - o Cy Trm. Chin thut ny
c p dng nhun nhuyn v nng ln mt im cao mi khi
va tin hnh vy p im cao 660 ng thi vi ti n cng d t
im lc lng cn li ti cao im 723/ Phu Rp . F2 thiu v s

on trng Nguyn Chn quyt on chuyn mt phn lc

lng ang tham gia vy ln 723 sang bn tp n lng ti 660 v
t chc truy kch kp thi trung on 2 VNCH.
Quangcan - C th ni v F324/ on
Ng Bnh khi i mt vi
th on chin thut "cht
im cao", '"nhy cc",
"ngn chn t xa" ca s
on 101 d M v s
on 1 b binh VNCH ti
khu t gic A Tc - Cng
Cp - nam sng T Rt ty sng A Sp trn phng
tuyn Sng B pha ty
ng 12 Tha Thin Hu.
nh cao ca t hot
ng l cng tc d kin trn a, t chc hip ng, xy dng th
trn n lng tiu dit sm - kp thi v hn ch ti a kh nng
tc chin c ng ca trc thng M + VNCH (ti E1 F324: 16/3,
i i 16 sng 12,7mm bn ri 5 trc thng; 18/3, i i 2
dng trung lin bn ri 4 chic; 25/3 ton trung on bn ri,
bn chy 14 trc thng, nng s my bay b bn ri trong na
thng ln gn 40 chic) hay hnh thnh khu quyt chin im ti
cao im 935 v k hoch n lng ti cc cao im ngoi vi: 902,
805, Cc Mun/ Coc Muan, Kovaladut/ C va la dt, Cc P Lai/
Coc Per Lai, C Pung/ Ko Pung.

NKP - Tin Sinh Quancan, Vi tun nay khng vo c VMH.

Nghe vi ngi bn ni ng dy mng b t. Hm nay vo
c v xin tr li vi im m hai tin sinh Quangcan v
Fanlong74 a ra:
Ti hi u t v vic dn ngun ca tin sinh nkp v sch/ hi k
ca tng Nguyn c Huy.
Theo ti c bit khong thi gian 1970, ng Nguyn c Huy
gi chc v Trung on ph Trung on b binh 9 s on 304.
Trong lc hnh qun vo chin trng chun b cho chin ng 9
Nam Lo th ng b ln cn st rt c tnh, i tiu ra mu; ngay lp
tc ng phi vo Vin 41 Qung Bnh, ri Vin qun y 108, H
Ni v nm li 3 thng,
Khi ch v thiu tng Nguyn c Huy cu tr li #34, ti ch
mun ch l mt trong nhng n v ca tng Huy n on
qun di chuyn v bc trong nhng nm 69-70. Nhng khi c
nhng g tin sinh vit, tm li sch ca N Huy, th khng thy g
ht. ng Trung on 9/F304 ca tng Huy khng c dnh dng
g n chin Dch ng 9-Nam Lo. Hm tr li cho tin sinh,
ti va c qua sch ca Phan Hm; Qu Hi v Nguyn c
Huy. Coi li c ba cun, cng khng thy ch no lin quan n
phn mnh trch dn. By gi khng bit ti sao mnh ghi ch n
sch ca tng Nguyn c Huy. Hon ton nhn li s sut v
ch thch . Ti cng hiu: khng trch
dn th thi, nhng khi trch th s liu phi chnh xc.
Tin Sinh Fanlong74 ni v tnh bo ca QND c tin trc v
HQ LS719; tin sinh Quangcan th ni v li nh hiu nghim
ca QND i u vi chin thut cn c ho lc. C hai tin
sinh u c l vi chng minh v trch dn. Ti khng ph nhn
c s tht bi ca chin thut cn c ho lc khi p dng trong
a hnh ca chin trng H Lo. Li cng kh ci vi kin l
QND t nhiu nh hi c k hoch v ch ch ca VNCH
trong k hoch chin lc thng nin 1971-NB. Ti cm n ng
gp tho lun ca qu tin sinh.

Nu khng c vn g, v c thm phn ho hng cho din

n VMH, ti xin c ng ln Chng 6 trong vi ngy sp
n.