nhà máy khí dinh cố

BO CO THC TP TT NGHIP
MC LC
Chng 1. TNG QUAN V NH MY.............................................................................4
I. Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin ca nh my.................................................................4
1.
Tng Cng ty Kh Vit Nam PV Gas.......................................................................4
2.
H thng cc m kh v ng ng khu vc pha Nam...........................................4
3.
Nh my ch bin Kh Dinh C................................................................................6
4.
Tng quan v ng ng, kho cha v Cng Th Vi..............................................7
II.
a im xy dng.......................................................................................................7
III. S : t chc, b tr nhn s, mt bng nh my.......................................................7
IV. Cc loi sn phm chnh, sn phm ph ca nh my.................................................9
Chng 2. NGUYN LIU SN XUT.............................................................................11
I. Nguyn liu u vo nh my........................................................................................11
II.
Nguyn liu u vo theo thc t vn hnh...............................................................11
III. Kim tra v x l nguyn liu....................................................................................12
IV. Kh nng thay th nguyn liu...................................................................................13
Chng 3. QUY TRNH CNG NGH..............................................................................14
I. Cc ch vn hnh, cc thit b chnh trong mi ch vn hnh.............................14
1.
Ch AMF...........................................................................................................14
2.
Ch MF..............................................................................................................19
3.
Ch GPP............................................................................................................21
4.
Ch MGPP (GPP modified)...............................................................................28
II.
Chuyn i gia cc ch .......................................................................................30
1.
AMF MF............................................................................................................30
2.
MF GPP.............................................................................................................31
3.
GPP MF.............................................................................................................32
4.
MF AMF............................................................................................................33
III. Vn hnh trong iu kin bt thng.........................................................................34
1.
Expander/ Compressor shutdown...........................................................................34
2.
K-01 shutdown.......................................................................................................34
3.
K-02/03 shutdown..................................................................................................35
4.
Off specification products handling........................................................................35
5.
a sn phm lng t bn cha vo ng ng....................................................35
6.
Plant bypass............................................................................................................36
7.
Vn hnh vi lng thu hi nh nht (Condensate rundown)..............................36
8.
Vn hnh phun methanol........................................................................................37
9.
S c thit b ph....................................................................................................38
10. Qu trnh Blow Down.............................................................................................39
IV. H thng ph tr, x l nc thi, an ton lao ng v PCCC..................................40
1.
H thng an ton.....................................................................................................40
2.
Phng tin b tr..................................................................................................41
3.
Phng tin ph tr................................................................................................42
Chng 4. SN PHM........................................................................................................49
I. Cc sn phm chnh ph v ph phm. Yu cu cht lng sn phm......................49
1.
Cc sn phm..........................................................................................................49
2.
c tnh k thut LPG do Nh my x l kh Dinh C sn xut...........................50
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 1
II.
Phng php kim tra sn phm................................................................................51
III. Tn tr v bo qun...................................................................................................51
IV. Cc ngun phn phi, tiu th v ng dng...............................................................51
1.
Ngun phn phi, tiu th......................................................................................51
2.
ng dng................................................................................................................52
Chng 5. TR LI CU HI CHO T THC TP TT NGHIP.........................52
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 2
LI CM N
----- o0o ----Trong qu trnh thc tp ti Nh my x l Kh Dinh C,
chng em c s gip , h tr nhit tnh ca i ng cn
b nh my.
Chng em xin by t lng bit n chn thnh n anh L
Tt Thng hng dn chng em hon thnh qu trnh thc
tp.
Chng em xin gi n anh Phan Tn Hu, Qun c Nh
my, li cm n chn thnh h tr v to iu kin cho chng
em hc tp tt ti nh my.
Chng em xin chn thnh cm n anh H Vit ang, K s
Cng ngh, nhit tnh ging gii v gip v mt chuyn
mn trong thi gian chng em thc tp ti nh my hon
thnh bo co ny.
Chng em cng xin gi li cm n n cc Thy c trong
B mn K Thut Du kh, trng i hc Bch Khoa Nng
truyn t kin thc, gip chng em tip cn tt hn vi qui
trnh sn xut thc t.
Cui cng, chng em rt cm n ban lnh o Cng ty ch
bin Kh Vng Tu, Nh my x l Kh Dinh C cho php v
to iu kin cho chng em hon thnh tt t Thc tp Tt
nghip ny.
Nhm Sinh Vin Thc Tp
Khoa Ha - Trng H Bch Khoa Nng
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 3
Chng 1.
TNG QUAN V NH MY
a. Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin ca nh my

i. Tng Cng ty Kh Vit Nam PV Gas
Thng 10 nm 1990, Cng ty Ch bin v Kinh doanh cc sn

phm kh (PV GAS) c thnh lp vi 100 nhn vin.
Thng 5 nm 1995, PVGAS hon thnh h thng ng ng

dn kh Bch H - B Ra giai on a nhanh kh vo b ca
D n kh Bch H, chm dt vic t b ngoi khi kh ng
hnh ca m Bch H v bt u cung cp kh cho nh my
in B Ra.
Thng 10 nm 1999, PVGas vn hnh nh my x l kh Dinh

C v Kho cng Th Vi, nh du vic hon thnh ton b D
n kh Bch H. Vic hon thnh ton b D n kh Bch H
gip PV GAS c kh nng cung cp kh kh, LPG v
Condensate cho th trng ni a.
Thng 11 nm 2002, D n kh Nam Cn Sn c a vo

vn hnh, lm gia tng ng k lng kh cung cp cho khch
hng cng nghip khu vc min Nam, Vit Nam.
n ngy 4 thng 4 nm 2005, 15 t m 3 kh kh c a vo

b v cung cp cho cc nh my in, nh du mt ct mc
quan trng cho qu trnh pht trin ca PV GAS ni ring v
ca ngnh cng nghip du kh Vit Nam ni chung.
Ngy 18/07/2007 Hi ng qun tr tp on Du Kh quc gia Vit Nam
quyt nh s 2232/Q-DKVN v vic thnh lp Cng ty m - Tng Cng ty
Kh.
Tng Cng ty Kh l Cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin c thnh lp trn c s c t
chc li Cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin ch bin v kinh doanh sn phm kh v cc
n v trc thuc Tp on Du Kh Vit Nam ang hot ng trong lnh vc vn
chuyn, tn tr, ch bin, kinh doanh kh v cc sn phm Kh.
C cu t chc ca Tng Cng ty kh theo m hnh: Hi ng thnh vin, Kim sot
vin, Tng Gim c, Cc Ph Tng Gim c, K ton trng, cc phng/ban chc
nng v cc n v thnh vin.
ii. H thng cc m kh v ng ng khu vc pha Nam
a. ng Nam B: Cu Long v Nam Cn Sn
+ B Cu Long:
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 4
B Cu Long c nhiu m du c pht hin trong c cc m ang khai thc nh: Bch
H, Rng, Rng ng, Rubi, S t en. Hai m ang khai thc c thu gom kh ng hnh
l Bch H v Rng ng cung cp kh cho cc ni tiu th thng qua ng ng Bch H Dinh C -Ph M. Ngoi ra cn c cc m c kh nng cung cp kh b sung nh S T en,
S T Vng, S T Trng, C ng Vng, Rubi, Phng ng, Emeral
n s dng kh theo thit k tng th ca SNC-Lavalin gm:
- Dn nn kh ngoi bin vi 5 t nn kh tng cng sut 8.1 t m3/nm (vn u t 140
triu )
- H thng ng ng di 195 Km gm 115 Km t Bch H n Dinh c v 84 Km t
Dinh C v Th c
- Nh my ch bin kh ha lng (LPG) ti Dinh C (tng vn u t 80 triu )
- H thng cng xut kh ha lng v kh ngng t Th Vi (tng vng u t 46 triu
)
+ B Nam Cn Sn:
Cng vi h thng kh Bch H, s hnh thnh h thng kh Nam Cn Sn tr thnh tr ct
ca nn cng nghip Kh Vit Nam, vi kh nng cung cp 6 8 t m 3 kh/nm trong nhng
nm 2006 2010 khu vc min ng Nam B.
Ngy 15/12/2000, h thng kh Nam Cn Sn chnh thc trin khai. ng ng dn kh
Nam Cn Sn chnh thc c a vo chng trnh Kh in m. Cc bn hp ng
hp tc kinh doanh nh sau: PV Vit Nam 51%, BP Pipelines Vit Nam (BV) 32.67% v
Statoil Vit Nam (AS) 16.33%.
Thng 3/2001 Statoil tuyn b bn ht c phn ca mnh trong d n kh t Nam Cn Sn
rt ra khi Vit Nam.
Thng 5/2001, D n xy dng Nh my in Ph M 3 do BP lm ch u t c cp giy
php.
H thng ng ng Nam Cn Sn bao gm:
H thng ng ng dn kh ngoi khi: ng ng Rng i M Lan Ty di
60km, ng ng m Lan Ty (l 06-1) trm x l kh Dinh C di 370km (on
trn b di 8.5km), ng knh ng 26 2 pha, cng sut vn chuyn 18.4 triu
m3/ngy, cng sut ti a 6 -7 t m3 kh/nm.
Trm x l kh Dinh C: gm h thng thit b cng ngh x l kh, thit b o lng,
iu khin t ng, h thng in, cp thot nc v mt s hng mc ph tr,
Cng sut x l kh giai on u l 10.4 triu m3kh/ngy, giai on m rng l 18.4
19.8 triu m3 kh/ngy.
H thng ng ng dn kh t trm x l kh Dinh C n trung tm phn phi kh
Ph M di 28km, ng knh 30, 1 pha, cng sut vn chuyn 18.4 triu m3
kh/ngy m.
Trung tm phn phi kh ti Ph M gm h thng o lng, kim tra giao nhn kh
v mt s hng mc ph tr. Hon thnh nm 2003 m bo tip nhn v phn phi
ngun kh t hai h thng Bch H v Nam Cn Sn.
b. Ty Nam B: Malay-Th Chu (a kh v C Mau)
v Block mn 5.2 (a kh v Cn Th).
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 5
T hp kh - in- m C Mau do Petrovietnam lm ch u t nhm s dng hiu qu
ngun kh thin nhin khu vc chng ln gia Malaysia v VN c xy dng.
Cc cng trnh ny gm:
ng ng dn kh PM3- C Mau: cng sut thit k 2 t m3/nm, di 332 km. Gm

cc hng mc:
-
ng ng ngoi khi: t im giao nhn kh trn gin cng ngh trung tm (PM3)
n im tip b, di 289km, ng knh 18
ng ng trn t lin: t im tip b n cm d n Kh in m C Mau,
di 43 km, ng knh 18
Trm tip nhn kh, x l kh v trm phn phi kh cng cc cng trnh ph tr
D n nh my in C Mau: cng sut thit k 720 MW, s dng 750- 800 triu m3
kh/ nm
D n nh my m C Mau: s dng khong 500 triu m3 kh/ nm, cng sut thit
k 800 ngn tn / nm, gm 2 dy chuyn sn xut: dy chuyn sn xut amoniac
(cng sut 1350 tn/ ngy), dy chuyn sn xut ur dng ht (cng sut 800 ngn tn/
nm)
2/5/2007 dng kh u tin t PM3 n trm phn phi kh C

Mau, chnh thc cp kh cho nh my in C Mau vo
6/5/2007
Vi t cch l tng thu, Vietsopetro tham gia bao gm lp t

298 km ng ng trn bin, 26km ng ng trn b v 3
trm x l gm trm tip b, trm van ngt tuyn, trm phn
phi kh.
iii. Nh my ch bin Kh Dinh C

Nh my x l kh Dinh C thuc tng cng ty kh Vit Nam (Petro Vit Nam gas). c xy
dng t nm 1997 trong thi gian 20 thng bi nh thu EPC (Samsung Engineering Co Ltd
v NNK. Cng sut thit k ban u ca nh my ny l 1.5 t m3/nm v cng sut sau khi
lp t my nn u vo (27/1/2002) l khong 2 t m3/nm.
Nh my c thit k thu gom kh ng hnh ca m Bch

H c dn vo b theo ng ng 16. Cng sut giai on
ny l 4,7 triu m3/ngy, p sut u vo l 109 Barg.
T nm 2002 tip nhn thm lng kh t m Rng ng vi

cng sut 5,9 triu m3/ngy, p sut u vo st gim xung
khong 85 Barg 04 my nn u vo c lp t nng p
sut ln 109 Barg.
Nh my s dng cng ngh Turbo Expender thu hi khong

540 tn propane/ngy, 415 tn Butane/ngy v 400 tn
Condensate/ngy (cng sut thit k).
Cng sut hin ti:

Kh u vo: 4 triu Sm3 / ngy
LPG: 750 850 tn / ngy
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 6
Condensate: 200 - 240 tn / ngy

Kh kh: 3.5 - 3.6 triu m3/ngy
Nguyn tc u tin:
Tip nhn ton b lng kh m, trnh t b kh
m bo cung cp kh lin tc 24/24
Thu hi sn phm lng ti a.
Nh my c cc ch vn hnh sau:
Ch AMF: sn phm l kh kh v Condensate
Ch MF: sn phm l kh kh, Condensate v bupro
Ch GPP: sn phm l kh kh, Condensate, Butane v propane
Ch GPP modified.
Chc nng - nhim v:

Tip nhn v x l ngun kh t m Bch H, Rng ng v cc m khc
trong b Cu Long.
Phn phi sn phm kh kh n cc nh my in, m v cc h tiu th
cng nghip.
Bm sn phm LPG, Condensate sau ch bin n Cng PV Gas Vng Tu
tng cha v xut xung tu ni a.
Xut LPG cho cc nh phn phi ni a bng xe bn.
iv. Tng quan v ng ng, kho cha v Cng Th Vi
Cng trnh khi cng 4/10/1997 v hon thnh 15/4/2001 c xy dng theo cc giai on
tng ng vi nh my LPG Dinh C n kho cng Th Vi bao gm ng ng Butan v
ng ng Propan. Ngoi ra cn c kho cha v cng xut LPG. Cc bn cha LPG v
Condensate c thi cng ng thit k. H thng kt cu ca cng hot ng an ton v n
nh.
ng ng kho cha v cng Th Vi c xy dng theo 3 bc p ng tin xy
dng ca nh my x l kh Dinh C:
Giai on 1 (AMF): hon thnh kho cha Condensate.
Giai on 2 (MF): hon thnh cc hng mc sau: 16 bn cha

LPG vi sc cha 463 m3 /bn (250 tn/bn), 2 bn cha
Condensate dung tch 6500 m3/bn v 2 bn cha xng A83
dung tch 5000m3/bn, cu cng xut LPG s 1 v 3 my bm
cng sut 250m3/h/my cho php tu 10000 tn nhp cng,
trong trng hp nh my ch bin Condensate cha c xy
dng hng nm phi nhp reformat sn xut xng.
Giai on 3 (GPP): hon thnh cc hng mc: 17 bn cha LPG

vi sc cha 463 m3/bn, cu cng xut s 2 vi 3 my bm
cng sut 250m3/h/my cho php tu 2000 tn cp cng.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 7
b. a im xy dng
a im xy dng: Tnh l 44 An Ngi, Long in, B Ra

Vng Tu.
Tng din tch l 89600 m2.
c. S : t chc, b tr nhn s, mt bng nh my
S t chc, b tr nhn s: tng nhn s: 99

Ban qun c
(2)
Vn th-tp v
(2)
T HTSX
(14)
01 i trng
bo v
02 Cn b an ton
Kp 1
Kp 2
Kp 3
Kp 4
01 K s c kh
01 trng ca
02 KS cng
ngh
01 VHV DCS
02 KS c kh
02 KS in
03 KTV cng
ngh
02 VHV LDA
03 PCCC
04 Bo v
Tng: 20
01 trng ca
02 KS cng
ngh
01 VHV DCS
02 KS c kh
02 KS in
03 KTV cng
ngh
02 VHV LDA
03 PCCC
04 Bo v
Tng: 20
01 trng ca
02 KS cng
ngh
01 VHV DCS
02 KS c kh
02 KS in
03 KTV cng
ngh
02 VHV LDA
03 PCCC
04 Bo v
Tng: 20
01 trng ca
02 KS cng
ngh
01 VHV DCS
02 KS c kh
02 KS in
03 KTV cng
ngh
02 VHV LDA
03 PCCC
04 Bo v
Tng: 20
03 K s iu khin
01 K s ha
01 K s in
01 K s xy dng
04 KTV BDSC
01 KTV PTN
Chc nng ca cc b phn:
Ban qun c: qun l v iu hnh mi hot ng ca nh my.
Vn th tp v: qun l h s ti liu, giy t, cng vn, ph trch cng tc hu cn
(iu xe, chm cng, ln lch lm vic, )
i bo v:
Kim sot ngi v phng tin ra vo nh my.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 8
Bo v an ninh, an ton khu vc hnh lang nh my.

Bo v an ninh, an ton tuyn ng nm trong vng bn knh 1km t hnh lang
an ton nh my.
T h tr sn xut:
Theo di, nh gi ch vn hnh, thit b, cng ngh
Theo di k hoch sn xut, k hoch bo dng
H tr v mt k thut cho ca vn hnh
Lm vic 2 ca, 4 kp vi chc nng:
Chu trch nhim gim st, iu chnh, theo di thng s vn hnh ca ton b
qu trnh
Gim st cng tc bo dng, sa cha thit b theo nh k hoc t xut
L lc lng phng chy cha chy ti ch
S mt bng nh my (Trang sau)
Cc thit b trong nh my c thit k c xem xt n cc yu

t sau:
Khong cch an ton gia cc thit b theo cc tiu chun IP tng ng.
Kh nng b tr v vn hnh cc thit b PCCC.
Phn vng nguy him.
Mc vn hnh
Cc cng vic bo dng sa cha
B tr h thng ng ng v cp
Cng tc xy dng
Ba ch vn hnh
H thng x
Mc ting n.
Nhu cu lp t m rng.
Vi nguyn tc trn, thit b b tr trong nh my c b tr

theo 6 khu vc sau:
Khu vc Slug Cathcher (Inlet Area)
Khu vc cng ngh (Process Area)
Khu vc ph tr (Ultilities Area)
Khu vc Flare (Flare Area)
Khu vc cha sn phm (Storage Area)
Khu vc xut sn phm (Export Area)
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 9
c bit trong khu vc cng ngh, cc thit b phc v cho tng

ch vn hnh c b tr theo cc vng ring bit m
bo nh my vn c th vn hnh trong khi cc thit b ca ch
khc ang c lp t.
d. Cc loi sn phm chnh, sn phm ph ca nh my
Kh kh: l sn phm kh thu c t kh thin nhin hay kh

ng hnh sau khi c x l tch loi nc v cc tp cht c
hc, tch kh ha lng v ngng t ti nh my x l kh. Thnh
phn kh kh bao gm ch yu l methane, ethan ngoi ra cn
c propane, Butane v mt s kh tp cht khc nh nit,
cacbondioxit, hydrosulphur vi hm lng nh.
Kh ha lng (LPG): l hn hp hydrocacbon nh ch yu l

propane, propene, Butane v butene, c th bo qun v vn
chuyn di dng lng trong iu kin p sut trung bnh
nhit mi trng.
Sn lng LPG: Hin nay, LPG do Nh my x l kh DInh C sn xut p ng khong 3035% nhu cu th trng LPG Vit Nam. Trong , 2/3 sn lng LPG c a n kho cng
Th Vi v phn phi n cc tnh min Bc v min Trung bng tu; 1/3 sn lng LPG c
xut ra cc xe bn phn phi n cc khu vc ln cn (Vng Tu, Tp H Ch Minh,).
Condensate: l sn phm thu c sau qu trnh chng ct

phn on trong nh my x l kh. Thnh phn Condensate
bao gm ch yu l Hydrocacbon C5+.
Sn lng Condensate: Bn cnh kh kh v LPG, Condensate cng l mt sn phm m Nh

my x l kh Dinh C sn xut vi cng sut 150.000 tn/nm. Hin nay, Condensate c
s dng ch yu pha ch xng do tnh cht c th ca Condensate.
PV GAS ang hp tc vi PDC sn xut xng, vi cng sut khong 350.000 tn/nm.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 10
Chng 2.
NGUYN LIU SN XUT
I. Nguyn liu u vo nh my
Hin nay nguyn liu m nh my kh Dinh C s dng l kh ng hnh khai thc t m
Bch H v m Rng ng nn theo thi gian th cc thng s vt l, thnh phn cu t cng
nh lu lng s c s thay i. V vy y ta ch xt n ngun nguyn liu hin ti.
p sut: 75 Bar.
Nhit : 270C
Lu lng: 5,9 triu m3 kh/ngy.
Hm lng nc: Bo ha ti iu kin nhp liu. Trn thc t

th hm lng nc trong kh c x l tch s b ti gin,
s dng tch loi nc bng Glycol (DEG)
Thnh phn kh:

Thnh phn Nng (phn mol)
N2
2.0998E-3
CO2
5.9994E-4
C1
0.7085
C2
0.1341
C3
0.075
iC4
0.0165
nC4
0.0237
iC5
6.2994E-3
nC5
7.2993E-3
C6
5.0995E-3
C7
2.5997E-3
C8
1.7998E-3
C9
7.9992E-4
C10
2.9997E-4
CycloC5
4.9995E-4
McycloC5
4.9995E-4
CycloC6
3.9996E-4
McycloC6
4.9995E-4
Benzene
3.9996E-4
Nc
0.013
Tng
1.000
b. Nguyn liu u vo theo thc t vn hnh
Do u nm 2002 kh ng hnh t m Rng ng c a

vo gin nn trung tm qua ng ng 16 di khong 40km th
thnh phn kh vo b thay i nh sau:
No Tn mu
Tn cu t
1 N2
Kh Rng ng Kh Bch H Kh v b
% mol
% mol
% mol
0.144
0.129
0.123
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 11
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
CO2
C1
C2
C3
iC4
nC4
iC5
nC5
C6
C7
C8+
H2O (g/m3)
H2S (ppm)
Tng
0.113
78.650
10.800
6.601
1.195
1.675
0.297
0.257
0.157
0.084
0.026
16
0.174
74.691
12.359
7.040
1.535
2.191
0.549
0.592
0.385
0.135
0.220
0.12
10.0
100.000
0.044
74.430
12.237
7.133
1.576
2.283
0.604
0.664
0.540
0.271
0.094
0.113
10.0
100.000
Cng vi s thay i thnh phn kh vo b, lu lng kh m

cng tng t 4,7 triu m3/ngy (theo thit k ban u) ln
khong 6 triu m3/ngy. Trong bao gm t 1.5 1.8 triu
m3/ngy kh t m Rng ng v 4.2 4.8 triu m3/ngy kh t
m Bch H.
u tin hng u ca nh my ch bin kh l phi tip nhn ton b lng kh t gin a
vo.
c. Kim tra v x l nguyn liu
Cc thng s cn kim sot:

Hm lng hydrocarbon
Cc tp cht c hi: H2O, S, Hg
Kh tr: CO, N2
p sut & lu lng dng kh.
Cc thng s ny c kim tra ngay ti gin thng qua h

thng Analyzer online. i din ca PV Gas lm vic ti h
thng Analyzer online c nhim v theo di cc thng s v cp
nht s liu, chuyn thng tin s liu v nh my c khuynh
hng x l cc thng s vn hnh.
Thnh phn kh c cp nht 3 pht/ln & tng i n nh.
Kim sot hm lng H2O bng ng h o im sng c

lp t ti gin, thng thng sau 2h kim tra mt ln.
Do hm lng kh n nh nn vic kim tra hm lng Hg

c thc hin hng thng & hm lng S c thc hin hng
qu.
Khi thnh phn, lu lng c thay i, nh my phi tin hnh a vo m hnh m phng,
nh gi ti u kim sot v chun ha.
V d: khi hm lng nc cao, phi theo di hot ng ca thp V-06, thay i chu k hp
ph ca thp.
c bit lu kim sot hm lng Condensate trng trong ng ng.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 12
d. Kh nng thay th nguyn liu
Thit k ban u ca nh my da trn ngun nguyn liu l kh

ng hnh t m Bch H vi cng sut khong 4,7 triu
m3/ngy. Sau khi tip nhn ngun kh t m Rng ng, cng
sut nh my nng ln khong 5,9 triu m 3/ngy, nh my hot
ng ch yu vi ch MGPP (GPP modified).
Cng vi tc khai thc th ngun khi t m ngy cng gim,

do cn phi tm kim nhng m kh b sung cho n kh
Bch H - Dinh C.
in hnh t 13h ngy 25/7/2008, nh my bt u tip nhn

ngun kh t m C Ng Vng vi lu lng ti a l 3 triu
m3/ngy. Hin nay, lu lng kh tip nhn t m ny khong 1
triu m3/ngy.
n 10/2008, nh my s tip nhn ngun kh t cc m: S T

en, S T Trng, Phng ng. Nh vy cng sut nh my
ti thi im c th ln n 3 t m3/nm, vt 2 ln so vi
thit k ban u (1.5 t m3/nm).
D kin trong khong thi gian 2010 2025, nh my ln k

hoch tip nhn thm ngun kh t cc m: S T Vng, T
Gic Trng, Hi S T Trng, Hi S T en.
Vi thit k hin nay ca m hnh MGPP, gin nn trung tm

gm 5 my nn (4 my hot ng v 1 my d phng) vi cng
sut mi my l 1.67 triu m3 kh/ngy. Khi hot ng ht cng
sut c 5 my th c th p ng c lu lng kh khong 8
triu m3/ngy, vi thit k nh th nn nh my vn p ng
c kh nng m rng cng sut theo nh n kh Bch H Dinh C . Tuy nhin, khi kh nng ri ro s cao hn v
khng cn my d phng.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 13
Chng 3.
QUY TRNH CNG NGH
m bo cho vic vn hnh Nh my c linh hot ( phng mt s thit b chnh ca

nh my b s c), v hot ng ca nh my c lin tc (khi thc hin bo dng, sa
cha cc thit b) khng gy nh hng n vic cung cp kh cho nh my in, m, nh
my c lp t v hot ng theo cc ch chnh:
Ch AMF (Ablolute Minium Facility): Sn xut Condensate n nh vi
cng sut 342 tn/ngy v 3,8 triu Sm3 kh/ngy, bt u a vo hot ng t
thng 10/1998.
Ch MF (Minium Facility) : Sn xut Condensate n nh vi cng sut
380 tn/ngy, hn hp Butane-Propane (LPG) vi cng sut 629 tn/ngy v
3,5 triu Sm3 kh kh/ngy, bt u hot ng 12/1998.
Ch GPP (Gas Processing Plant) : Sn xut Condensate n nh, kh kh,
hn hp Butane v Propane c tch c lp. Giai on ny cng sut kh
u vo l 1,5 t Sm3 kh/nm, thu hi Propane : 575 tn/ngy; Butane 417
tn/ngy; Condensate: 402 tn/ngy; kh kh: 3,34 triu Sm 3/ngy. Giai on
ny s dng cng ngh Turbo-Expander vi hiu sut thu hi sn phm lng
cao.
Ch MGPP (Modified Gas Processing Plant): L ch chuyn i ca
GPP.
Trong cc ch vn hnh ni trn, hai ch AMF, MF l cc ch c thit k vn
hnh trong giai on lp t chy th. Sau khi hon thnh vic lp t, cc ch ny rt t
khi c vn hnh v n lm gim kh nng thu hi sn phm lng.
Trong trng hp mt s thit b trong ch GPP b hng th nh my mi chuyn sang ch
AMF hoc MF duy tr hot ng ca nh my.
Hin nay nh my ang vn hnh ch GPP chuyn i, khng tch ring Butane v
Propane.
I. Cc ch vn hnh, cc thit b chnh trong mi ch vn

hnh
1.
Ch AMF
Gm:
Slug Catcher SC-01/02.
Thit b lc tch nc s b V-08.
Hai thp chng ct C-01, C-05.
Hai thit b trao i nhit E-01, E-04.
Thit b lm ngui bng khng kh E-09.
Hai bnh tch V-03, V-15.
My nn Jet Compressor EJ-A/B/C.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 14
Mc ch chnh ca ch AMF l cung cp kh cho cc my pht in, phn lng thu hi l
t nht.
c. S quy trnh cng ngh (trang sau)
d. M t s dng
Kh ng hnh t m Bch H vi lu lng kh m l khong

4,7 triu m3/ngy c a ti Slug Catcher bng ng ng
16 vi p sut 109 Bar, nhit 25.60C. Ti y, dng kh
nguyn liu c tch ra thnh 2 dng: dng kh kh (dng
upstream) vo V-08 & dng Condensate (dng downstream)
vo V-03.
Ti V-08, dng kh kh tip tc c tch loi nhng git lng

b cun theo v lc cc ht bi cn ln trong kh (nu c), dng
kh i ln c a vo Jet Compressor gim p t p sut
109 Bar xung 47 Bar, lng tch ra V-08 c a voV-03.
Dng kh ra khi Jet Compressor i vo Rectifier (C-05) tch

lng ra khi kh nhit 20 0C & p sut 47 Bar. Dng kh
kh i ra t nh C-05 c a ra ng ng dn kh thng
phm chuyn n cc nh my pht in.
Bnh tch ba pha V-03 c nhim v tch sn phm Condensate,

kh v nc. p sut bnh tch V-03 c iu khin 75 Bar
bi cc van iu khin p sut t trn ng ng dn kh trc
khi vo thp C-05, qua van diu khin p sut, nhit ca
dng ra khi van nh hn nhit to thnh hidrat. Hydrat
c hnh thnh sau van iu khin p sut. Tuy nhin chng
s tan ra khi vo thp Rectifier bi v nhit lm vic ca thit
b ny cao ( 20oC).
Dng Condensate ra khi V-03 c a vo thit b trao i

nhit nhm tn dng nhit lm mt dng Condensate thng
phm 194oC n t y C-01, nng nhit t 20 oC ln
101oC sau c a vo thp Deethanizer (C-01). Mc ch
ca vic trao i nhit ny l bn cnh s thu hi nhit th cn
trnh s to thnh hydrat u ra ca van FV-1701. Qua van
ny, p sut gim t 75 Bar xung cn 20 Bar, nhit vn
hnh c duy tr 72oC cao hn nhit hnh thnh hydrat
trong iu kin ny l 11,6oC
Dng sn phm y ca Deethanizer qua thit b trao i nhit

lm mt, sau a ra ng ng dn Condensate v kho
cng hoc vo bn cha TK-21.
e. M t cc thit b chnh
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 15
Slug Catcher:
Slug Catcher gm 2 dy ng, t nghing khong 10o so vi mt

phng ngang, mi dy c dung tch 1400 m3, loi v dung tch
ng c trng bi cng ty sn xut tip nhn phn bn
lng t h thng ng dn ngm 16 inches.
Kh phn tch c thu gom ng gp kh (gas header) 30 inch

sau a n cc thit b cho qu trnh ch bin su.
Kh ngoi gin vo nh my s c tip nhn u tin Slug

Catcher (SC-01/02) iu kin p sut 109 Bar (i vi ch
AMF, p sut bin thin trong khong 65 Bar-109 Bar ty theo
lu lng), nhit 20 n 30oC (ty nhit mi trng).
H thng Ejector EJ-01A/B/C (Jet Compressor):
Kh t Slug Catcher s i qua V-08 ri i ti h thng EJ01A/B/C (khc vi cc qu trnh khc l khng c qu trnh
hp ph loi nc qua thit b V-06A/B). Nh c thit b ny
m p sut s gim t p sut vn hnh ca Slug Catcher 109
Bar xung 45 Bar. Nhim v ca h thng Ejector l nn kh i
ra t nh thp tch etan C-01 t 20 Bar ln 45 Bar, v vy p
sut ca thp C-01 c gi 20 Bar.
H thng Jet compressor gm c 3 ejector, cng sut ca mi

Ejector ln lt l 50%, 30% v 20% so vi tng dng tng
ng.
Van iu chnh p sut trn ng bypass ca Ejector (PV0805) c nng sut khong 30% tng th tch, dng iu
chnh p sut ca thp tch etan C-01 20 Bar, bng cch cho
bypass 1 phn dng kh qua ejector khi cng sut ca h thng
duy tr p sut C-01. Khi cng sut ca Ejector khng ,
lng kh d t thp tch C-01s c x ra ngoi uc t qua
van iu chnh p sut (PV-1303B), do h thng tch etan C01 c bo v trnh s vt p.
Thp tch C-05 (Rectifier):
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 16
T Jet Compressor, kh c a n mm th 1 ca thp tch

C-05 (Retifier), v dng kh t bnh tch V-03 cng c a
n a trn, mc ch tch lng ra khi kh nhit 20 oC
v p sut 47 Bar, c iu khin bi thit b iu chnh p
sut (PIC-1114) t trn ng ng dn kh thng phm. Phn
trn ca thp C-05 lc ny c tc dng nh 1 bnh tch kh lng.
Dng kh t nh thp C-05 c a thng n h thng ng

ng dn kh thng phm, sau khi c kim sot lu lng
bng Senior Orifice Meter ca FI-1150A/B, trong c 1 ci
ch d phng. Lu lng c iu chnh da vo tn hiu
nhit v p sut. Thng qua van iu p PV-1114A c lp
t trn ng ng dn kh thng phm, p sut u ra ca nh
my c iu chnh khong 45 Bar.
Dng lng tho ra t y thp C-05 c kim sot thng qua

thit b iu chnh dng FIC-1201 tng bc cng vi thit b
iu chnh mc cht lng LIC-1201A, a vo mm th 1 ca
thp tch etan C-01.
Thp tch etan C-01(Deethanizer):
p sut hot ng ca h thng C-01 l 29 Bar.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 17
Trong ch AMF, khng c dng lnh hi lu, do vy nhit

ca thp C-01 cao hn, nhit nh v y thp ln lt l
64oC v 194oC (so vi ch MF: 6 v 120oC, ch GPP: 14
v 109oC).
Thp tch etan C-01 gm 32 a kiu van:
13 mm phn chng c ng knh 2600mm, 19 mm phn luyn c

ng knh 3050mm.
pht hin s chnh p trong thp do hin tng si bt, ngi ta lp t b

o chnh p PDIA-1321 (Pressure Differential Transmitter).
4 ng h o nhit c lp trn cc mm 2, 3, 14, 20.
2 thit b trao i nhit Reboiler kiu kettle E-01A/B c dng gia nhit
cho thp, mi ci hot ng 50% nng sut trnh tnh trng ngng ton h
thng nu c s c xy ra. T Reboiler, dng lng s n bnh trung gian V-15
(Deethanizer Bottom Buffer), c lu li y trong 3 pht n nh.
Trong ch AMF, thp tch etan C-01 c 2 dng nhp liu u

vo:
1 dng t bnh tch V-03, c a vo mm th 14 ca thp, v c th thay

i c bng tay.
Dng cn li t y thp Rectifier C-05, c a vo mm th nht ca thp,

gm 80% mol cht lng, c dng nh dng hi lu ngoi cho qu trnh
chng ct.
p sut hi ca Condensate c iu chnh trong thp C-01 xung thp hn
p sut kh quyn tr c trong cc bn cha thng thng. Trong trng
hp ny, thp tch C-01 c tc dng nh 1 thp n nh Condensate, ti thp
ny hu ht cc hydrocarbon nng hn butan c tch ra khi Condensate
thng qua cung cp nhit cho cc Reboiler E-01A/B ln ti 194oC. Dng kh i
ra t nh c nhit l 64oC c trn vi dng kh thng phm bng h
thng Ejector.
Bnh tch V-03 (Slug Catcher Liquid Flash Drum):
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 18
L bnh tch 3 pha nm ngang hot ng 750 Bar v 20oC tch cc hydrocarbon
nh b hp th trong Condensate bng phng php gim p sut. p sut c gim
t p sut ca Slug Catcher l 109 Bar xung 75 Bar, bng van iu p PV-1209 c
lp t trn ng ng dn kh t V-03; ko theo nhit h xung thp hn nhit
to thnh Hydrat (20oC), do c 2 van iu chnh mc c lp t trc u vo
bnh tch V-03 (mt van d phng). Trong trng hp Hydrat c to thnh trong 1
van, c th bm Methanol vo hoc c thay th bng van d phng. (Trong thc t
s hnh thnh Hydrat rt t xy ra bi v hin ti gin khai thc trang b 1 h thng
tch nc bng glycol hot ng lin tc).
Ngi ta lp t 1 thit b gia nhit kiu ng xon (E-07) ti V03 gia nhit cho Condensate ln cao hn 20 oC bng du nng
trnh hin tng to thnh Hydrat bn trong bnh. Cng sut
nhit ca E-07 c iu chnh bng thit b iu chnh nhit
TICA-0303 (Temperature Controller). Sau Condensate thng
qua thit b iu chnh dng FICA-0302 (Flow Controller) v
thit b iu chnh mc LICA-0302 (Level Controller) c a
ti Rectifier C-05.
L bnh tch lc dng tch trit cc ht lng nh b cun

theo dng kh do Slug Catcher khng tch ht v lc cc ht bi
trong kh (nu c) trnh lm h hng cc thit b sau.
Bnh tch V-08:
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 19
Thit b un si li kiu Kettle
ii.
Ch MF
y l ch hot ng trung gian ca nh my

Gm cc thit b nh trong ch AMF (tr EJ-A/B/C), ngoi ra cn c thm:
a.
Thit b kh Hydrat bng phng php hp ph : V-06 A/B
Thit b trao i nhit kh/kh dng tm : E-14.
Thit b trao i nhit kh/lng : E-20.
My nn : K-01.
Thp n nh Stabilizer : C-02.
Thit b un si li : E-03
S quy trnh cng ngh (Trang sau)

a. M t s dng
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 20
Dng kh t Slug Catcher c a n bnh tch lc V-08,

thit b ny c chc nng: tch nc, hydrocacbon lng, du v
cc ht rn nhm bo v lp cht hp ph trong V-06AB khi b
hng hoc gim hot tnh hoc gim tui th. Sau khi c loi
nc ti V-06A/B dng kh c a ng thi n 2 thit b E14 v E-20 l dng 2 pha (lng-kh) c a vo thp C-05
tch lng. Kh ra t nh thp C-05 -18,5 oC c s dng nh
tc nhn lm lnh bc 1 cho dng nguyn liu ti E-14 (nhit
gim t 26.5oC xung -17oC) dng nguyn liu qua E-14 c
lm lnh bc 2 ti van FV-1001, nhit gim xung cn -35 oC
v p sut t 109 Bar xung 47,5 Bar. Dng cn li c trao
i nhit vi Condensate lnh -26,8 oC t y thp C-05 ti E20 n 19oC, ri c gim p sut t 109 Bar n 57,5 Bar qua
van FV-0501C. Hai dng ny c nhp li v a vo nh
thp C-05
Dng kh ra t nh C-05 vi nhit -18,5 oC dng lm

lnh cho dng nhp liu E-14, ri n c a n ng ng
dn kh Sale Gas. Mt phn kh c trch cho qua my nn K04A/B v thit b gia nhit E-18 lm kh ti sinh cho thit b
V-06. Kh sau khi ra khi V-06 s c i qua thit b lm ngui
bng khng kh
E-15, ri vo bnh tch lng V-07 tch
nhng ht lng cun theo, sau v li ng dn kh Sale gas.
p sut dng Sale gas khong 47 Bar c iu khin bi van
PV-1114A. Dng lng y C-05 vi nhit -26,8 oC c
ua qua E-20 lm lnh dng nhp liu, p sut ca n s
c gim xung 47,5 Bar khi qua van FV-0151C, ri nhp liu
vo nh thp C-01.
Hai thp hp th V-06A/B c s dng lun phin, khi thp

ny lm vic th thp kia ti sinh. Qu trnh ti sinh c thc
hin nh s cung cp nhit ca dng kh thng phm nng
nhit ln 220oC, dng ra khi thit b V-06A/B c lm mt
ti E-15 v c tch lng V-07 trc khi ra ng kh
thng phm.
S dng lng trong ch MF ging nh trong ch AMF,

ngoi vic a kh t V-03 n C-01 thay v n C-05 nh ch
AMF. Do kh ny cha nc, nu c a n C-05 th kh
ti sinh m s l nguyn nhn ca vic ti sinh khng hon ton.
l iu cn trnh.
Ngoi ra trong ch MF, thp C-02 c a vo vn hnh

thu hi Bupro. Nhm tn dng Bupro v tch trit C2. Dng
lng ra khi V-03 c a n thp C-01 sau khi gia nhit t
20oC ln 80oC ti thit b E-04A/B nh dng lng ra t thp C02. Thp C-01 c 3 dng nhp liu:
Dng kh n t V-03 vo gia a th 2 v 3 ca thp C-01
Dng lng t V-03 vo a th 20 ca thp C-01
Dng lng n t y C-05 vo a trn cng ca thp C-01
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 21
Ti y cc hydrocacbon nh nh C1, C2 c tch ra v i ln

nh thp, sau c nn t 25 Bar ln 47 Bar nh my nn
K-01 trc khi dn vo ng kh thng phm.
Phn lng ra t y thp C-01 c a n thp C-02. Thp C02 lm vic p sut 11 Bar, nhit nh thp 60 oC v nhit
y thp 154oC. Ti y C5+ c tch ra v i ra y thp,
sau c dn qua thit b trao i nhit E-04A/B gia nhit
cho nguyn liu vo thp. Sau khi ra khi E-04A/B dng lng
ny c a n lm lnh ti thit b qut lm mt bng khng
kh E-09 trc khi a ra ng ng hoc bn cha Condensate
thng phm TK-21.
Dng hi ra khi nh thp C-02 l LPG, c ngng t ti V02, mt phn c cho hi lu tr li C-02 m bo s hot
ng ca thp, phn cn li theo ng ng dn sn phm LPG.
b. M t cc thit b chnh:
Thp tch ethane C-01 trong ch hot ng MF:
Thp c 3 dng u vo:

Dng kh t bnh tch V-03 c a vo a th 2 hoc a th 3
Dng lng cng t bnh tch V-03 c a vo a th 20
Dng lng t y thp tch tinh C-05 sau khi i qua thit b trao i nhit
kh/lng E-20 c a vo a trn cng thp tch ethane,dng ny gm 75%
mol l lng v ng vai tr dng hi lu ngoi cho qu trnh chng ct.
Trong thp tch ethane, cc hydrocacbon nh nh metane, ethane c tch ra khi dng lng
v i ln nh thp. Nhit y thp c gi 120oC thng qua cc reboiler E-01A/B.
Hydrocacbon nh tch ra c nn t 29Bar ln 47Bar bng my nn K-01 v c trn vi
kh thng phm.K-01 l my nn kiu pittong n cp c dn ng bng ng c kh 766
KW. Inlet Scrubber (V-12) kch thc ng knh 1200mm, cao 3000mm c dng ngay
trc my nn loi tt c cc phn lng c trong dng kh. Phn lng y thit b lc ny
c x vo h thng x kn b cm bin mc LICA-1401.
Cht lng t y thp tch ethane c chuyn n thp n nh

C-02 thu hi bupro (sn phm nh) v Condensate (sn
phm y).
p sut hot ng ca thp tch ethane c iu chnh 29

Bar bi b iu p PICA-1305
Trong trng hp my nn kh K-01 khng lm vic th dng

kh t thp tch ethane s c a ra flare t ng thng qua
van PV-1303 duy tr p sut vn hnh ca thp.
iii. Ch GPP
Ch ny bao gm cc thit b ca ch MF v thm mt s thit b chnh sau:
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 22
a.
Thp tch C3/C4 : C-03
Thp Gas Stripper : C-04.
My nn Expander Deethanizer OVHD Compressor (K-02);

my nn 2nd Stage OVHD Gas Compressor ( K-03) : My nn
cp hai.
Turo-Expander / Compressor (CC-01).
Cc thit b trao i nhit : E-17; E-11..
S quy trnh cng ngh (Trang sau)

a. M t s dng
Qu trnh tch nc v ti sinh:

Trong ch hot ng ny, kh t Slug Catcher trc tin c a vo V-08, dng kh ra
khi V-08 c a vo mt trong hai thit b hp ph hot ng song song (V-06A/B)
tch trit nc c trong kh. Sau , qua h thng li lc F-01A/B loi b cc bi bn,
tp cht c hc b cun theo ri a vo h thng x l kh
Qu trnh x l Condensate:
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 23
Qu trnh x l dng Condensate ch GPP khc vi ch

AMF & MF v c thm 2 thit b l C-04 v cc my nn K-03.
Dng lng v kh ra khi thit b V-03 s ln lt c a vo
hai thit b ny.
p sut ti V-03 c iu chnh 75 Bar bng van iu khin

PV-2002 lp t trn ng hi lu ca K-03.
Condensate t thit b V-03 c iu chnh bng FV-1802

thng qua a trn cng ca C-04 sau khi c gia nhit t 20
ln 41oC ti thit b trao i nhit E-08A/B bng dng kh nng
54oC t my nn K-01. Kh t thit b trao i nhit c a
xung y ca Gas Stripper C-04. Mc ch chnh ca qu
trnh trao i nhit l thu hi nhit, trnh to thnh Hydrat
u ra ca FV-1802, ti p sut hot ng gim t 75 xung
47.4 Bar, do nhit vn hnh c th c duy tr 33 oC,
cao hn nhit hnh thnh Hydrat trong iu kin ny l 17oC.
Mc ch ca Gas Stripper l tch nc t Condensate bng

dng kh nng. Gas stripper C-04 bao gm 6 mm van, dng
Condensate tip xc vi dng kh nng i ln trong thp, do
nc c tch ra khi Condensate. p sut hat ng ca Gas
Stripper l 47.5 Bar, c iu chnh bi PICA-1801 & van
hon lu (PV-1801). PV-1801 c lp t tho kh d em
t trnh hin tng qu p.
Dng lng t y Gas Stripper di s iu khin ca FV-1701

a vo a 14 hoc 20 ca Deethanizer sau khi c gia nhit
t 40oC ln 86oC ti Condensate Cross Exchanger (E-04) bng
dng nng 154oC i ra t y ca Stabilizer. Mc ch ca trao
i nhit l thu hi nhit.
Qu trnh tch & lm lnh su:
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 24
Khong 1/3 lng kh kh( 1,65 triu Sm 3/ngy) c a vo

E14 lm lnh t 26oC xung -35oC bng dng kh lnh t
nh ca Rectifier (C-05) -42.5oC. Nhit u ra (-36oC) l
thng s quan trng trong qu trnh ch bin kh, nu cao hn
gi tr ny th mc thu hi lng kh c th t c, nu thp
hn th Hydrat c th hnh thnh dng i xung. iu
khin, ngi ta cho mt dng lnh bypass qua E-14
p sut dng hi gim t 109 Bar xung 33.5 Bar thng qua
van iu chnh FV-1001, nh qu trnh gin n on nhit, nhit
gim xung n -62oC. Dng lnh cha 56% mol lng c
a vo a trn cng ca Rectifier nh l mt dng hi lu
ngoi cho thp.
Khong 2/3 lng kh cn li (3,19 triu Sm 3/ngy) c a

vo Turbo Expander (CC-01), ti y p sut kh gim t 109
Bar xung 33.5 Bar, nhit gim xung
-18 oC. FV-0501B
c lp t trn ng bypass qua CC-01 nhm tranh hin
tng qu p cho h thng. Khi Expander ngng hot ng, van
bypass FV-0501B s t ng m, do c th trnh c s
tng p sut t ngt. Dng hi lnh sau s c nhp liu
vo y ca Rectifier.
Trong thit b Rectifier, kh (ch yu l methane) c tch t

Condensate - bao gm cc thnh phn nng nh ethane, propane
Butane v nhng cht khc di p sut vn hnh 33.5 Bar,
nhit -43oC nh v -20oC y. nh Rectifier l vng
phn tch lng-kh. Trong ch vn hnh AMF v MF,
Rectifier l mt thit b phn tch, nhng trong ch vn hnh
GPP, th chc nng ca n l mt ct chng ct c dng hi lu
ngoi m khng c reboiler. C-05 bao gm 12 mm van.
p sut vn hnh ca Rectifier trong ch GPP l 33.5 Bar,

thp hn so vi AMF v MF (47.5 Bar). p sut ny khng
c duy tr bi cc thit b iu chnh p sut m ph thuc
vo hot ng ca Turbo Expander Compressor. Nu p sut
xung thp hn th s c hi phc (n 47 Bar) bng
Compressor ca CC-01, t p sut trn ng ng s c
duy tr tng t nh trong ch AMF v MF.
Kh t nh ca Rectifier nhit -43 oC c s dng lm

tc nhn lnh trong Cold gas/Gas Exchanger (E-14), sau n
c nn bi my nn ca Turbo Expander Compressor (CC01). Trc khi khi ng my nn, dng kh thng phm i
theo ng ng bypass (c iu chnh bi van FV-1111), sau
s t ng chuyn vo my nn khi my nn khi ng nh
van kim tra c lp t trn ng ng (check valve). Khi
my nn ngng hot ng, dng kh tr li di chuyn trn
ng ng bypass.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 25
Sau , dng kh s c chuyn n ng ng dn kh

thng phm sau khi qua thit b o dng bi u cm ng ca
FI-1150A/B, mt trong hai l d tr, b nhit hay p
sut. Van iu khin p sut (PV-1114A) c lp t trn
ng ng iu chnh p sut ti u ra ca nh my
khong 47 Bar.
Dng lng tch ra t y Rectifier c a vo nh thp

Deethanizer vi vai tr l mt dng hi lu ngoi.
Thp tch ethane (C-01):
Trong thp C-01 c hai dng nhp liu:

Dng lng t Gas Stripper: sau khi c gia nhit t 40 n 86oC ti
Condensate Cross Exchanger (E-04) s c nhp liu vo a th 20 ca thp
C-01.
Dng nhp liu khc l t lng y Rectifier nhit -23oC c nhp liu
vo a trn cng bao gm 95% mol lng v dng hi lu t thp chng ct.
Trong Deethanizer, cc hydrocacbon nh nh methane, ethane

b tch ra khi Condensate v ln nh thp nh E-01A/B nung
nng ti 109oC. Cc hydrocacbon nh c tch ra s c nn
bi my nn K-01 t 29 Bar n 47 Bar ri cho qua E-08. Sau
a vo thp C-04. K-01 l my nn kiu pittong 1 cp chy
bng kh c cng sut 766 kW. Bnh tch u vo V-12 c dng
thng ng c ng knh 1200 mm v cao 3000 mm c t
trc my nn nhm tch ht lng ra khi hi. Lng y ca
V-12 c x vo h thng x kn thng qua thit b iu chnh
mc LICA-1401.
Lng y C-01 c thnh phn ch yu l C3+ s c a

n thp C-02 tch ring Condensate v Bupro. Sn phm
nh ca thp C-02 l hn hp Bupro c tin hnh ngng t
hon ton nhit 43oC trong thit b ngng t bng khng
kh E-02, sau c a ti bnh n nh V-02 c dng nm
ngang. Mt phn Bupro c bm hi lu tr li thp C-02
bng bm P-01A/B, p sut bm c th b p c s chnh
lch p sut lm vic ca thp C-02 ( 11 Bar) v thp C-03 ( 16
Bar). Sn phm ca y thp C-02 l Condensate thng phm
c a ra bn cha hoc dn ra ng ng vn chuyn.
Ti C-03:
Bupro c tch thnh propane v Butane. Sn phm nh thp C-03 l hi propane
c ngng t hon ton nhit 46oC trong thit b lm mt bng khng kh E-11
v c a n bnh V-05 c dng nm ngang. Mt phn propane thng phm c
ti ng ng dn Propane hoc b cha propane V-21A. Phn cn li c hi lu
tr v thp C-03. Sn phm y ca C-03 l Butane c a i trao i nhit E-17,
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 26
sau c lm lnh bng khng kh bi E-12 v c a i ti ng dn ng
Butane hoc b cha V-21B.
Qu trnh hp ph:
Thp hp ph V-06A/B c chc nng hp ph hi nc bo ha

tn ti trong kh hydrocacbon ngn nga s to thnh Hydrat.
Cht hp ph c s dng l Zeolite.
Trong ch hot ng GPP v MF (v ch AMF sau khi

hon thnh GPP), kh t Slug Catcher u tin s c a n
thit b lc tch s b V-08, thit b ny c thit k tch
loi 99% hydrocacbon lng, nc t do, du nhn, v cc cht
rn c trong dng kh nhm bo v lp ry phn t, bi v cc
tp cht ny c kh nng lm bn lp hp ph, lm gim hiu
sut cng nh tui th ca cht hp.
Dng kh thin nhin 290C v 109 Bar c dn n 1 trong 2

thit b hp ph tch nc song song (V-06AB) loi nc
trong dng kh, khi 1 thit b hot ng th thit b cn li s
ch ch hoc gii hp. Kh vo thit b hp ph thng qua
thit b phn phi kh thi xung thit b hp ph xuyn qua
lp hp ph. Lp hp ph trn cng l Alumina hot ho s loi
1 phn nc, lp th 2 l cht hp ph ry phn t s loi nc
hon ton hot ng iu kin di im sng ( -750C, 34.5
Bar). Alumina tch 1 phn nc bi v: gi thnh thp, nng
sut cao, t nh hng v bo v cht hp ph ry phn t, d ti
to.
Kh kh i ra t thit b hp th i qua thit b thu kh c gn

bn trong v sau c x l bi thit b lc sau khi tch nc
(Dehydration after filter) (F-01AB). Khi 1 thit b hot ng, 1
thit b ch ch loi cn hp ph. ng h p sut vi sai
(DPA-0503AB) c ci t gi cho F-01 hot ng p
sut 0.1 Bar.
Qu trnh ti sinh cht hp ph:

Cht hp ph s bo ho nc sau 8 gi hot ng trong iu kin ca dng nhp liu (29 0C,
109 Bar) cn c ti sinh.
Qu trnh ti sinh gm nhiu giai on:
1. Adsorber switch over
Cht hp ph s c ti sinh trong thit b hp ph ch

ch. C hai thit b hp ph hot ng song song :
Gim s thay i thnh phn kh.
Gim lng HC lng ng cn trong cc ng dn trong qu trnh tng p.
m bo hot ng lin tc.
Thit b hp ph ang trong qu trnh gii hp c c lp.

2. Gim p:
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 27
Thit b hp ph c gim p sau khi c lp c dng vo v

dng ra t p sut 109 Bar n p sut gii hp (35 Bar cho ch
GPP, 48 Bar cho ch MF). Mc gim p c iu
chnh bng van tay chu c qu trnh gim p trong 30
pht. Vic ny c kim tra bng 1 thit b tnh ton s dng 2
b phn o p sut c lp t trc v sau van. Trong qu
trnh gim p, nhit s gim xung (ti thiu l -80C) v qu
trnh ngng t kh dn n s to thnh 20% khi lng
Hydrocacbon lng. V khi lng Hydrocacbon lng ny s
tch t bn trong cht hp ph. ngn chn s tch t HC lng
trong dng gii hp nn thit b gii hp c c lp.
3. Gia nhit:
Nc c gii hp bng cch gia nhit bi dng kh kh (dry

regeneration gas) t u ht ca my nn CC-01.
Regeneration gas (12500 kg/h, 47 BarG cho ch MF; 11500

kg/h, 34 BarG cho ch GPP) c tun hon bi 1 trong 2
Dehydration Regeneration gas compressor (K-04AB) c cng
sut 75kW v c gia nhit trong Dehydration Regeneration
gas heater (E-18) bng du nng n 230oC.
Qu trnh gia nhit c th c kim sot bi 3 ng h o

nhit c t trong tng hp ph v u ra ca dng
Regeneration gas. bit lu lng v nhit dng kh hon
nguyn mc thp nht, cn dng thit b FIA-0601, FALL0602, v TIA-0554.
Dng kh hon nguyn nng c cha 1 phn nc sau khi gii

hp c lm lnh bng Dehydration Regeneration gas Cooler
(E-15) v tch nc bng thit b Dehydration Regeneration
Separator (P-07) v c a tr li my nn CC-01.
4. Lm lnh:
Tng hp ph c lm lnh bng chnh dng kh hon nguyn

nh qu trnh Heating nhng khng s dng thit b gia nhit E18. Tng hp ph ny s c lm mt n khong 250C. Cng
nh qu trnh gia nhit, qu trnh Cooling c kim sot bi 3
ng h o nhit c t trong tng hp ph v u ra ca
dng kh hon nguyn.
5. Tng p
Mc tng p c th iu chnh bng van tay c th chu

c ton b qu trnh tng p ny trong khong thi gian hot
ng l 30 pht. Cng nh qu trnh gim p, s c 1 s tt
gim nhit v ngng t ngc. HC lng s c tch t trong
cc ng ng vo. Mc tng p trung bnh cao hn 1 t so
vi qu trnh gim p, iu ny c th kim tra bi ng h o
p sut trc v sau van.
6. Ch ch:
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 28
Thit b hp ph s c duy tr p sut 109 Bar. Trong thi

gian ny 1 lng HC lng trong ng vo s bc hi do nhit
mi trng.
V qu trnh gim p ca dng kh p sut cao 1 phn hi nc

s ngng t v ng bng bn ngoi ng dn.
Thit b Dehydration regeneration gas compressor (K-04AB)

hot ng lin tc. - Trong giai on tng p v gim p,
regeneration gas c th c cho i vng qua thit b hp ph.
K-04AB c th c tt nu n khng hot ng nhiu hn 4
gi tit kim nng lng. Thit k c bn ca thit b
Dehydration c dng cho dng kh vo c bo ho nc l
0.06% khi lng, nhng thit b tch nc bng glycol ngoi
gin th lm gim lng nc xung 0.015%. Qu trnh hp ph
c th c ko di gp 4 ln. Trong trng hp ny th thit b
regeneration gas compressor s c dng.
b. M t cc thit b chnh
Thit b tch Ethane C-01:

p sut vn hnh ca h thng tch Ethane l 29 Bar cho ch MF v GPP hoc 20 Bar cho
ch AMF v nhit l 140C v 1090C cho nh v y h thng trong ch GPP. Tng
t, trong ch MF l 60C v 1200C. Trong ch AMF, khng c dng hi lu lnh v vy
nhit ca thp cao hn, 63.70C v 1940C nh v y.
Cu to:
C-01 bao gm 32 mm van: 13 mm phn luyn c ng

knh 2600 mm, 19 mm phn chng c ng knh 3050 mm
Mt b o chnh p (PDIA 1321) c lp t nhn bit s

tng p bn trong thp gy ra bi hin tng si bt.
Bn ng h o nhit c t trn cc mm 2, 3, 14, 20

hin th trng thi ca thp.
Hai reboiler kiu kettle c t y thp, mi ci hot ng

vi 50 % nng sut trnh tnh trng ngng hot ng ton h
thng nu c s c xy ra. Sau khi trao i nhit, Condensate s
di chuyn xung Deethanizer Bottom Buffer Drum (V - 15) v
c lu li y trong 3 pht n nh mc lng sau c
dn n thp n nh C 02.
Mt ng nhnh 4 inch c ni vi E-04 dng cho ch

AMF.
Thit b tch kh - Gas Stripper (C-04):
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 29
C-04 ban u c dng cho ch GPP, nhng cng c th c dng cho ch MF v
MF sau khi vn hnh ch GPP. Trong ch AMF sau khi vn hnh ch GPP, c 2 cch
c th vn hnh. Trong ch AMF nguyn thu, C-04 c b qua trong trng hp khng
c kh tch ra t C-01. Mt cch khc l dn dng lu cht t V-03 vo C-04 bt k c kh
tch ra hay khng. Trong khi vn hnh, p sut c t ng gi 47 Bar bng kh gas t
thit b PV-1801B c lp t trn ng dn ca n. Mt iu cn quan tm trong phng
php ny l s to thnh Hydrat sau khi ra khi thit b FV-1802 do khng c dng nng
trong E-08 nhng methanol c phun vo trc khi FV c tc ng. Cch th 2 l cch nn
s dng, c bit l trong chu k hot ng ngn ca AMF.
Khi hot ng bnh thng p sut l 47 Bar, nhit ti nh v y thp l 44 v 400C.
Cu to & hot ng: C-04 gm c:
Su mm van, ng knh mi mm l 2600 mm.
Mt b o chnh p (PDIA 1821) c lp t nhn bit s

tng p bn trong thp gy ra bi hin tng si bt.
Mt ng h o nhit c t trn mm 6 hin th trng

thi ca thp.
Thp khng c thit b reboiler v thit b ngng t condenser

v n hot ng nh 1 thp tch nc. Phn ngng t l nc s
c mang ra bi dng FV-1701 v c a tr v mm 14
hoc 20 ca C-01 sau khi c gia nhit t 40 0C ln n 860C
bi E-04 do trao i nhit vi dng nng t y ca C-02 (c
nhit l 1540C). Mc ch ca thit b trao i nhit ny l
thu hi nhit.
Thit b n nh Stabilizer (C-02):
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 30
C-02 ban u c thit k s dng cho ch MF v GPP nhng cng c th c dng
cho ch AMF sau khi vn hnh ch GPP. Trong ch AMF nguyn thy, C-01 hot
ng nh 1 thit b n nh bng cch tch C4 v cc Hydrocacbon nh hn. Nu cn thu hi
LPG trong ch AMF, C-01 s hot ng vi ng chc nng ban u ca n v C-02 s
c vn hnh.
p sut hot ng ca C-02 c gi 11 Bar nh iu chnh s hot ng ca thit b
ngng t n nh (Stabilizer Condenser) (E-02) bng cch tng hoc gim dng kh nng qua
van bypass PV-1501A v bng cch x bt lng kh thng qua van PV-1501B.
Cu to & hot ng :
C-02 gm c 30 mm van, mi mm c ng knh 2140 mm,

c nhp liu vo mm 10 t phn y ca C-01,
C 1 thit b condenser nh v 1 reboiler y thp.
C-02, cc thnh phn LPG c tch ra. Hi LPG nh s

c ngng t hon ton nhit 430C trong E-02 bng
khng kh v c a n V-02 l 1 thit b nm ngang c
ng knh 2200 mm v di 7000 mm n nh dng hi lu.
Phn LPG lng s c bm hi lu P-01AB c cng sut
180m3/h. 80m3/h ca dng ny s c a i chng ct. Trong
ch GPP, n s c gia nhit n 60 0C trong thit b E-17
nh dng nng c nhit 970C t y ca C-03 trc khi c
a vo C-03. Trong ch MF ban u, n c a thng
n 1 trong 2 thit b LPG bullet (V-21A hoc V-21B). Phn cn
li ca dng s c hi lu tr li C-02.
1 reboiler kiu kettle (Stabilizer Reboiler E-03) c t y

thp cung cp nhit bng dng du nng c nhit 154 0C,
nhit c kim sot nh TV-1523 c ci t trong ng
dn du nng. Phn ngng t s c a n thit b trao i
nhit E-04 gia nhit dng nhp liu vo C-02 v c lm
lnh n 600C trc khi c a n Condensate Day Tank
TK-21 sc cha 2000 m3 hoc ng ng Condensate.
1 b o chnh p (PDIA 1521) c lp t nhn bit s

tng p bn trong thp gy ra bi hin tng si bt. 3 ng h
o nhit c t trn cc mm 9, 10, 30 hin th trng
thi ca thp.
Thit b tch C3/C4 (C-03):
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 31
C-03 ban u c thit k cho ch GPP, nhng n cng c th c dng trong ch
MF v AMF sau khi vn hnh ch GPP. Trong ch MF nguyn thy, Bupro (hn hp
Butan v Propan) l 1 sn phm lng, nhng nu yu cu cn tch ring Butan v Propan th
cn vn hnh C-03.
p sut hot ng ca h thng c gi 16 Bar nh iu chnh s hot ng ca thit b
ngng t (Splitter Condenser) (E-11) bng cch tng hoc gim dng kh nng qua van
bypass PV-2101A v bng cch x bt lng kh thng qua van PV-2101B.
Cu to & hot ng:
C-03 gm c 30 mm van, mi mm c ng knh 1750 mm,

c nhp liu vo mm 14 t phn nh ca C-02, c 1 thit b
condenser nh v 1 reboiler y thp. C-03, C3 v C4
c tch ra.
Hi C3 nh s c ngng t hon ton nhit 46 0C

trong E-11 bng khng kh v c a n V-05 (Splitter
Reflux Accumulator) l 1 thit b nm ngang c ng knh
2200 mm v di 6000 mm n nh dng hi lu. C3 lng s
c bm hi lu P-03AB c cng sut 175 m 3/h. 49 m3/h ca
dng ny s c mang ra thnh sn phm Propan. Phn cn li
ca dng s c hi lu tr li C-03.
1 reboiler kiu kettle (Stabilizer Reboiler E-10) c t y

thp nng nhit y thp ln 97 0C bng dng du nng,
nhit c kim sot nh TV-2123 c ci t trong ng
dn du nng. Phn C4 ngng t s c a n thit b
Butane bullet (V-21B) hoc ng ng dn butan sau khi c
lm lnh n 600C trong thit b E-17 sau c lm mt bng
khng kh Butane Cooler E-12.
1 b o chnh p (PDIA 2121) c lp t nhn bit s

tng p bn trong thp gy ra bi hin tng si bt. 3 ng h
o nhit c t trn cc mm 13, 14, 30 hin th trng
thi ca thp.
iv. Ch MGPP (GPP modified)

Gm cc thit b trong ch GPP ban u v b sung thm cc thit b sau:
a.
Bnh tch kh-lng K-101.
Trm nn kh u vo gm 4 my nn K-1011 A/B/C/D. Vi ba

my hot ng v mt my d phng.
Nhng khc bit so vi GPP
gii quyt cc vn pht sinh ca vic tng cng sut Nh my t 4,7 triu m3/ngy ln
5,9 triu m3/ngy khi phi tip nhn thm lng kh ng hnh t m Rng ng m vn m
bo em li hiu qu kinh t cao nht, nh my v ang vn hnh ch GPP chuyn i.
Ch ny bao gm cc thit b trong ch GPP, nhng cng c mt s im khc bit so
vi ch GPP ban u nh sau:
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 32
c lp t thm trm nn kh u vo do: Vic tng lu

lng kh ng hnh dn vo b dn n s tt gim p sut
ng k trn ng ng. iu ny dn n p sut u vo Nh
my x l kh gim i ng k, khng m bo c gi tr p
sut u vo ca thit k ban u l 109 Bar. Do , gii php
t ra l cn phi c mt trm nn u vo nn kh nguyn
liu vo Nh my ln n p sut 109Bar ng nh thit k ban
u.
Trong ch GPP chuyn i, thp tch C-03 khng hot ng,

tng t nh trong ch MF. Nguyn nhn l do nhu cu tiu
th trn th trng. Trc y, cc u mi tiu th i hi Nh
my cung cp C3 v C4 ring bit. V vy m cn phi tch
ring bit C3 v C4. Tuy nhin, hin nay yu cu khng cn
na m ch cn cung cp hn hp LPG thng phm. Do m
khng cn thit phi tch ring bit C3/C4 m ch cn iu
chnh thu c lng hn hp Bu-pro l ti u.
a. S quy trnh cng ngh ( trang nh km )
b. M t s dng
Kh ng hnh t m Bch H vi lu lng khong 5,9 6.1

triu m3 kh/ ngy vo h thng Slug Catcher trong iu kin p
sut 65 Bar 80 Bar, nhit 20 n 30 oC, ty theo nhit
mi trng. Dng kh ra t SC c chia lm 2 dng:
Dng th nht c lu lng khong 1 triu m3/ngy c a qua van gim p
PV-106 gim p sut t 65 Bar 80 Bar xung 47,5 Bar v i vo thit b tch
lng V-101. Lng c tch ti y bnh V-101 c a vo thit b V-03
tch su hn. Kh i ra t bnh tch V-101 c a vo h thng ng ng
dn kh thng phm 16 cung cp cho cc nh my in.
Dng th 2 c lu lng khong 4,7 triu m3 kh/ ngy c a vo trm nn
kh u vo K-1011A/B/C/D (3 my hot ng 1 my d phng) nn nng
p sut t 65-80 Bar ln 109 Bar sau qua h thng qut lm mt bng khng
kh E-1011 lm ngui dng kh ra khi my nn n nhit khong 4045oC. Dng kh ny i vo thit b tch lc V-08 tch lng lng cn li
trong kh v lc bi bn. Sau c a vo thit b hp th V-06A/B tch
trit nc trnh hin tng to thnh Hydrat trong qu trnh lm lnh
su, sau c a qua thit b lc F-01A/B tch bi bn c trong kh.
Phn lng ra khi thit b V-08 c a vo bnh tch 3 pha V-03 x l
tip.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 33
Dng kh ra khi thit b V-06A/B v lc bi F-01A/B l kh

kh, c tch lm 2 dng:
+ Khong 1/3 dng kh ban u qua thit b trao i nhit E-14 h nhit t
26.5oC xung -35oC vi tc nhn lnh l dng kh kh n t nh thp C-05 c nhit
l -39,5oC, sau c lm lnh su bng cch gim p qua van FV-1011. p sut
gim t 109 Bar xung 35 Bar (bng p sut lm vic ca nh thp C-05) ko theo
nhit gim xung -59,2oC ri c a vo a trn cng ca thp tinh ct C-05,
ng vai tr nh dng hi lu ngoi nh thp.
+ 2/3 dng kh cn li c a vo thit b CC-01 thc hin vic gim p t 109
Bar xung 35,08 Bar v nhit gim xung -12 oC v c a vo p ca thp tinh
ct C-05.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 34
Thp tinh ct C-05 hot ng p sut 35 Bar, nhit nh

thp v p thp tng ng l -39,5oC v -14oC, ti y kh (ch
yu l metan v etan) c tch ra ti nh thp C-05. Thnh
phn lng ch yu l propan v cc cu t nng hn c tch
ra ti y thp.
Dng kh i ra t nh thp tinh ct c nhit -39,5 oC c s

dng lm tc nhn lnh cho thit b trao i nhit E-14 v sau
c nn ti p sut 47 Bar trong phn nn ca thit b CC01. Hn hp kh i ra t thit b ny l kh thng phm c
a vo h thng ng ng 16 n cc nh my in.
Dng lng ra t y thp tinh ct c a vo thp C-01 nh

dng hi lu ngoi y thp.
Trong thp C-01, vi nhit y thp l 104oC (nh thit b

gia nhit E-01A/B), p sut hot ng ca thp l 27 Bar, cc
hydrocarbon nh nh metan, etan c tch ra i ln nh thp
vo bnh tch V-12 tch lng c trong kh v c my nn
K-01 nn t p sut 27 Bar ln 47 Bar. Dng ra khi my nn
K-01 c a vo E-08 sau vo thp C-04. Do bnh tch V03 phi gim p sut vn hnh t 75 Bar theo thit k xung
cn 45 Bar nn lng lng t y bnh tch V-03 c a trc
tip qua E-04A/B m khng i vo thit b trao i nhit E-08
nh thit k. v vy E-08 v C-04 lc ny khng hot ng nh
cc thit b cng ngh m ch hot ng nh cc ng ng dn
kh.
Dng kh t K-01 sau c nn n 70 Bar nh my nn K02 ri li tip tc a vo thit b trao i nhit E-19 bng vic
s dng dng tc nhn lnh l khng kh. Dng kh ra t E-19
c a vo my nn K-03 nn ti p sut 109 Bar v lnh
lnh trong thit b trao i nhit E-13, ra khi E-13 dng kh
ny c a n V-08 nh l nguyn liu u vo. Thp tch
etan C-01 l thit b tch dng thp loi a van, hot ng nh
mt thit b chng ct.
Dng lng i ra t y thp C-01 c a qua V-15, sau ti

thp C-02. Thp C-02 l thit b c cu trc dng thp, p sut
hot ng l 10 Bar, nhit y thp c duy tr 135oC nh
thit b gia nhit E-03, nhit nh thp 56 oC, hn hp Bupro
t nh thp, cn Condensate c tch ra y thp. Hn hp
bupro t nh thp C-02 tip tc c a vo thit b lm lnh
E-02, sau a vo bnh tch V-02. Dng lng ra t bnh tch
V-02 c bm P-01A/B bm hi lu mt phn li nh thp v
phn cn li theo ng ng dn sn phm bupro n bn cha
V-21A/B hoc n kho cng Th Vi.
Lng ra t y thp C-02 l Condensate c h nhit xung

60oC nh thit b trao i nhit E-04A/B v xung 45 oC nh
thit b E-09 v sau c a ti bn cha TK-21 hoc
ng ng dn Condensate n kho cng Th Vi.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 35
Condensate (sau khi tch nc ti SC) c tch ra trong SC

c a vo thit b V-03 hot ng p sut 47 Bar v nhit
20oC tch cc cu t kh nh b hp th trong hn hp
lng ny bng cch gin n v gim p. T thit b V-03,
Condensate c dn ti thit b trao i nhit E-04 tn dng
nhit ca dng Condensate ra t y C-02, sau i vo a th
20 ca thp C-01.
b. Chuyn i gia cc ch
1.
AMF MF
a.
Tm tt s thay i dng chy

Dng
Dng kh n
Dng kh n
Kh V-03 n
Kh nh Deethanizer n
Nhit y Deethanizer
p sut Deethanizer
Lng t V-03 vo mm nhp
liu
Lng y thp Deethanizer n
AMF
MF
Dehydration
Jet Compressor E-14, E-20
Rectifier
Deethanizer
Jet Compressor K-01
194oC
120oC
20 Bar
29 Bar
Mm th 14
Mm th 20
E-04, cond P/L Stabilizer
Trnh t vn hnh:
Khi ng Stabilizer bao gm thay i iu kin vn hnh Deethanizer. Dng ra t
y thp Deethanizer s chuyn vo stabilizer, dng y stabilizer n nh s chy
n off-spec bullet.
Thay i im phn phi kh t Slug Catcher Liquid Flash Drum (V-03) t Rectifier
n Deethanizer
Khi ng h thng Dehydration
Thay i dng kh t Jet Compressor n E-14, E-20
Kh nh Deethanizer t Jet Compressor n K-01 (bao gm khi ng K-01)
a. Kh V-03 n Deethanizer
Do kh t Slug Catcher Liquid Flash Drum (V-03) c cha nc v vy nu a n Rectifier
dn n vic tch nc khng hon ton, nn kh s c chuyn n Deethanizer. y l s
chun b cho Dehydration khi ng.
b. Khi ng h thng Dehydration
Trc khi khi ng MF, i hi phi lm kh h thng nu khng Hydrat c th hnh thnh
bn trong nh my khi vn hnh ch MF.
c. Khi ng stabilizer
Vic xc lp ch vn hnh n nh cho thp chng ct s tn thi gian, do vic lm n
nh s tin hnh vi dng hi lu ton b trc khi bt u thu nhn sn phm lng, iu ny
s lm gim lng sn phm khng t cht lng.
d. Kh t Jet Compressor n E-14, E-20
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 36
Bng cch thay i dng kh chy qua E-14, E-20, vic thu hi cht lng bng t lm lnh c
th tht s bt u.
e. Kh nh Deethanizer i n K-01 (khi ng K01)
p sut vn hnh Deethanizer c iu khin bi K-01 29 Bar. K-01 s khi ng mt
p sut thp. Khi p sut ca Deethanizer khong 25 BarG v nhit kh nh l di 20 oC,
K-01 s khi ng trnh vic t thi kh nh Deethanizer.
ii. MF GPP
a.

Dng
Dng kh n
Kh t V-03 n
Khi ng K-02/K-03
Kh ra ca Gas Stripper
Lng V-03 n
Kh ra K-01 n
Lng y Gas Stripper
Kh ra ca Gas Stripper
Lng nh Stabilizer
n
MF
E-20
C-01
GPP
Expander/compressor
K-03
K-02/K-03
K-02/K-03 ht
E-04
E-08
Kh thng phm P/L Gas Stripper
E-04
Kh thng phm P/L
Lng P/L
C3/C4 Splitter
Th t vn hnh:
Khi ng C3/C4 Splitter
Khi ng Gas Stripper, iu khin dng ra K-01 v V-03.
Khi ng K-02/K-03
Thay i kh V-03 t C-01 sang K-03
Dng kh thay i t E-20 sang Expander/Compressor CC-01
a. Khi ng C3/C4 Splitter
S mt 1 khong thi gian thp chng ct hot ng n nh, do cn n nh bng cch
hon lu ton b dng trc khi thu sn phm lng, vic ny s gim lng sn phm khng
t yu cu.
b. Khi ng Gas Stripper, iu khin dng ra K-01
v V-03
Khi ng Gas Stripper bng cch chuyn i dng lng ra V-03: t E-04 sang E-08 v
chuyn i dng ra K-01: t ng kh thng phm sang Gas Stripper. Kh ra t Gas Stripper
s a vo ng ng dn kh thng phm trc khi khi ng K-02 v K-03.
c. Khi ng K-02/K-03
Chuyn dng kh ra Gas Stripper : t ng kh thng phm vo K-02, sau kh s c
nn v trn vi dng vo ca nh my, nh vy s tng cng thu hi dng lng.
d. Chuyn kh V-03 sang K-03
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 37
S phn phi kh V-03 phi c chuyn t Deethanzer sang K-03, tng s thu hi lng
e. Dng kh chuyn t E-20 sang Expander/
Compressor CC-01
Ti giai on cui ca ch , Expander/Compressor s khi ng. S thu hi lng s t cc
i.
iii. GPP MF
Trong thc t, vic chuyn t ch GPP sang MF c thc hin khi K-01/K-02/CC-01
shutdown.
a.

Dng
Dng kh n
Kh V-03 n
K-02/K-03
Kh
ra
ca
Gas/Stripper
Lng y Stabilizer n
C3/C4 Splitter
GPP
Expander/Compressor
K-03
Chy
Ht K-02/K-03
MF
E-20
Deethanizer
Dng
ng kh thng phm
C3/C4 Splitter
Vn hnh
Liquid P/L
Dng
Th t vn hnh c bn nh sau:
Dng kh thay i t Expander/Compressor n E-20
Thay i kh V-03 t K-03 n Deethanizer
Dng K-02/K-03
Dng C3/C4 Splitter
Cc vn hnh (2) (3) (4) khng bt buc hoc khuyn co. Ch trong trng hp yu cu t
bit dng K-02/K-03 hoc C3/C4 Splitter th c th c tin hnh.
a. Thay i dng kh t Expander/Compressor n E20
Dng kh chnh c chuyn i t Expander/Compressor (CC-01) n E-20.
b. Thay i kh V-03 t K-03 n Deethanizer v dng
hot ng K-02/K-03
S vn hnh ny khng bt buc hoc khuyn khch. C th tin hnh ch trong trng hp
t bit yu cu dng K-02/K03 nh khi bo dng. Khi , kh t Gas Stripper s c phun
vo ng kh thng phm.
c. Dng C3/C4 Splitter
S vn hnh ny khng bt buc hay khuyn khch. C th tin hnh ch trong trng hp t
bit yu cu dng C3/C4 Splitter nh khi bo dng. Gi p sut ca C3/C4 Splitter nh c
cho ln khi ng sau.
iv. MF AMF
a.
Tm tt s thay i dng chy:

Dng
Dng kh n
Kh t nh thit b tch etan
NH MY X L KH DINH C
MF
E-14,E-20
K-01 (x kh)
AMF
Jet compressor
Jet compressor
Trang 38
n
Kh t V-03 n
Dng kh n
Nhit y thit b tch etan
p sut thit b tch etan
a nhp liu lng V-03
Dng y thit b tch etan n
Thit b tch etan

Thit b tch nc
1200C
29 Bar
20
Stabilizer
Rectifier
1900C
20 Bar
14
E-04, cond P/L
Th t hot ng:
Dng kh thay i t E-14, E-20 n Jet Compressor (Kh t nh thit b tch etan
thay i t ng t K-01 n Compressor)
Dng Stabilizer
Dng h thng tch nc
Thay i kh t V-03 t deethanizer n Rectifier.
Nhng hot ng (2) (3) (4) khng bt buc cng khng c ngh. Ch trong trng hp
yu cu t bit dng Stabilizer hoc Dehydrator, nhng hot ng bn di mi c
thc hin.
a. Lu lng kh thay i t E-14, E-20 n Jet

Compressor:
Dng kh chnh c thay i t E-14, E-20 n Jet Compresor, v vy K-01 c th c
dng bo dng. Nu K-01 ng trc khi ch ny hot dng, kh t nh Deethanizer
s c x t b.
b. Dng Stabilizer:
Hot ng ny khng yu cu hoc khng c ngh. Ch trong trng hp yu cu c
bit dng stabilizer nh bo tr thit b, hot ng ny mi c thc hin. Thay i iu
kin hot ng ca Deethanizer c lin quan.
c. Dng h thng tch nc:
Hot ng ny khng yu cu hoc khng c ngh. Ch trong trng hp yu cu c
bit dng h thng tch nc nh bo tr thit b, hot ng ny mi c thc hin.
d. Thay i kh t V-03 t deethanizer n Rectifier.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 39
Hot ng ny khng yu cu hoc khng c ngh. Mc ch gim kh x t v nng
sut ca Jet Compressor khng th cho vic vn hnh ht nng sut.
c. Vn hnh trong iu kin bt thng

Nh my vn hnh trong iu kin bt thng trong nhng trng hp sau:
Expander/ Compressor shutdown
K-01 shutdown
K-02/03 shutdown
Off- specification products handling (Gii quyt nhng sn phm khng t cht
lng)
Liquid products in bullets to pipeline (a sn phm lng t bn cha vo ng ng)
Plant bypass
Vn hnh vi lng thu hi nh nht (Condensate rundown)
Vn hnh trong lc phun methanol.
S c thit b ph
Vn hnh bng cch gim p.
Tng trng hp c th s c nu r di y:
1.
Expander/ Compressor shutdown
Trong ch GPP, khi Expander/ Compressor (CC-01) ngng, van JT trn Expander bypass
(FV-0501B) s t ng m, do khng cn phi lm g c. Nu yu cu thu hi lng cao,
ch vn hnh ca nh my phi chuyn sang ch MF.
ii.
K-01 shutdown
Khi Deethanizer OVHD Compressor (K-01) ngng hot ng trong ch GPP hay ch
MF, p sut ca Deethanizer s c iu chnh bng lng kh thot ra t b qua PV1303B, do khng cn phi lm g c, tuy nhin s vn hnh ny l khng mong mun v b
mt mt lng ln kh. Ch vn hnh ny c th chuyn sang ch MF hoc AMF
trnh iu .
iii.
K-02/03 shutdown
Khi K-02/03 ngng hot ng trong ch GPP, p sut ca Gas Stripper (C-04) s c iu
chnh bi lng kh thi ra t qua PV-1803B, do khng cn lm g c, tuy nhin s vn
hnh ny l khng mong mun v b mt mt lng ln kh. K-01 thi kh, v vy kh c
chuyn t K-02 n ng ng dn kh thng phm bng cch ng m van tay 10 trn cc
ng ng trn trnh hin tng .
iv. Off specification products handling
a.
im sng ca kh thng phm ca ch AMF:
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 40
Trong ch AMF, im sng ca kh thng phm c iu chnh ti a 25 oC. im
sng ny bao gm im sng ca nc v ca hydrocacbon. Hai im sng ny gn nh
ging vi nhit nh ca Rectifier. V vy nhit im sng ca kh thng phm c th
c duy tr bng cch iu chnh nhit nh ca Rectifier khong 22oC 3oC.
Nu nhit nh ca Rectifier ln hn 22oC, nhit ny c th c gim bng cch gim
nhit ca Deethanizer Reboiler trong gii hn cho php m vn m bo cc c tnh ca
sn phm lng (RPV o bi AI-1701 nn nh hn 10 psi). Nu nhit ny vn khng gim
c do Jet Compressor khng t hiu sut, th nn bm kh nh ca Deethanizer t
thng qua PV-1303B cho n khi t n nhit im sng.
a. Sn phm lng
Sn phm lng khng t cht lng nn c cha V-21C, nu cn thit c th dng thm
V-21A & B cha sn phm ny.
Sn phm khng t cht lng c th c ti chng ct bng cch nhp liu vo thp
Deethanizer (C-01) vi bm Off-spec Return (P-22). Ch nn lm nh vy trong trng hp
s vn hnh ca nh my n nh v Deethanizer cha vn hnh mc ti ti a.
v. a sn phm lng t bn cha vo ng ng
T bn cha c 2 ni tip nhn LPG l ng ng dn lng v trm np vo xe bn. Ni tip
nhn thng thng l trm np vo xe bn.
Nu im tip nhn l ng ng dn th cch tin hnh nh sau:
a. T bn cha, LPG c chuyn
i bng cch s dng cng tc
HS-2505 trn bng iu khin
dng np vo xe bn.
b. Bm x P-21A phi c kt ni
vi bm ht P-21B
c. M van tay 4 ni vi ng ng
n bm x. Van tay 4 dng
np vo xe bn phi ng li.
d. Trong trng hp vn hnh vi
ch MF, nhy t bc (4) sang
bc (7), v sn phm n ng
ng l hn hp buthane v
propane v xem nh khng c tp
cht. Trong trng hp vn hnh
ch GPP, sn phm V-21A
l propane v V-21B l buthane.
Sn phm trong ng ng xung
quanh bm phi l phi i thay th
bng sn phm tinh khit trc
khi bt u chuyn sn phm vo
ng ng tranh lm nhim
bn. Do , trc tin bm x
phi l off-spec.
e. Sau , c 2 bm phi bt u
hot ng thay th dng lng
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 41
trong ng bng sn phm tinh
khit. P-21A khi ng trc, sau
l P-21B.
f. Sau khi thay th, 2 bm ngng
hot ng v bm x phi chuyn
t bn cha sn phm khng t
cht lng sang ng ng dn
lng.
g. Khi 2 bm bt u khi ng tr
li a LPG vo ng ng
dn. P-21A khi ng trc, sau
l P-21B.
h. Khi m mc lng xung LALL
ca bn cha chn, bm s t
ng dng li.
i. ng van tay 4 trn ng ng
ni bm x vi ng ng.
j.
Hon thnh vic a LPG vo

ng ng.
vi. Plant bypass

Dng bypass ca nh my c cp t dng upstream ca V-08 n u vo ca kh thng
phm metering skip (ME-13). N c th c dng cung cp kh thng phm vo ng
ng dn kh trong qu trnh nh my ngng hot ng. Tuy nhin, p sut thit dnh cho dng
kh thng phm l 6000kPaG v p sut thit k dnh cho dng upstream ca nh my l
13900kPaG. SDV-0402 c lp dng kh thng phm p sut thp t dng upstream p sut
cao. Nu s chnh lch p sut gia dng upstream v dng downstream qua SDV ny cao
hn 300kPa th khng th m SDV. Nh vy, p sut ca dng upstream phi c gim
xung cho ph hp trc khi m SDV-0402.
vii. Vn hnh vi lng thu hi nh nht (Condensate rundown)
a.
Mc ch ca ch vn hnh Condensate Rundown
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 42
H thng lng c thit k duy tr dng kh cung cp n khch hng ngay c trong
trng hp nh my gim nng sut. i vi ch vn hnh Condensate Rundown ny th
lng t Slug Catcher Liquid Flush Drum (V-03) v Rectifier (C-05) c a n Liquid
Rundown Heater (E-51), ti y cc hydrocarbon nh c ha hi v a n off-spec LPG
bullet. Khi lng lng off-spec LPG Bullet cao th lng lng tch tr s c a n
Closed Drain Heater (E-52) tip tc ha hi v a n Flare K.O Drum (V-51). Phn
condensaste cn li c a ti hm t.
Ch :
Nu Deethanizer c kh nng vn hnh th nn chuyn sang

hot ng ch AMF m gim lng lng thu hi v a
sn phm Condensate n Closed Drain Heater (E-52) tip
tc ha hi bng cch m van cu 3 trn u ra ca LV-1702
(3 CBO 1702 A2).
Nu cn phi vn hnh ch Condensate rundown trong thi

gian di th phi gim p sut kh nhp liu vo nh my bng
cch x kh ra t b gim n mc ti thiu lng
Condensate b t.
a. Cch tin hnh
(1) Khi nng sut nh my gim, phn on sn phm lng tr thnh off-spec. Chuyn
dng sn phm lng n off-spec LPG bullet.
Ch :
Hm lng methane hoc ethane c th c tch tr trong Stabilizer Reflux Accumulator (V02) v t b qua PV-1501B.
k. Thng bo n nh my ti gin
v vn hin ti v yu cu
gim lng kh nhp liu c
th gim p sut dng upstream
xung cn khong 50 Bar hoc
phi x kh t b. Lng
Condensate ti gin s c a
tr li m thay v a vo ng
ng dn kh.
l. Trong trng hp vn hnh ch
GPP th phi ngng Turbo
Expander/Compressor v chuyn
hng dng kh sang van J-T (FV0501B) gim lng lng thu
hi. Ngng hot ng K-02/03.
Ch :
Kh nh Deethanizer c a n ng dn kh thng phm bi K-01 hoc c t b
qua PV-1303B. X l theo hng no cn ty thuc vo nhu cu kh.
m. Trong trng hp vn hnh ch
MF hoc GPP, gim lng thu
hi cc cu t khng cn thit i
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 43
vi LPG bng cch ng FV1001, gim lu lng dng qua
E-14. Nhit vn hnh ca
Retifier tng nhanh chng.
Ch :
Duy tr nhit u ra ca kh lnh E-14 (TICA-1009) cao hn khong 2 oC so vi nhit
an ton ca dng.
n. m bo Liquid Rundown Heater
(E-51) v Closed Drain Heater
(E-52) trang thi sn sng hot
ng.
Ch :
TV-2802 (trn dng nng E-51) phi ng trc khi vn hnh theo ch liquid rundown.
o. Chuyn dng lng ra khi V-03 t
dng bnh thng sang dng
rundown thng qua HS-0303.
(M SDV-0303 v ng SDV0302)
p. Kim tra li nhit cc bn
khu vc E-51 (TIC-2802). Sau ,
cung cp dng hot oil vo E-51 v
tng nhanh nhit ci t vo
TIC-2802 n gi tr nhit thit
k (20oC).
q. Chuyn dng lng ra khi C-05 t
dng bnh thng sang dng
rundown thng qua HS-1211.
r. Quan st p sut v mc lng ca
off-spec LPG bullet (V-21C). Nu
p sut tng qu nhanh th lng
hi tch tr trong V-21C s t
ng b t b thng qua PV2401C.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 44
Khi mc lng ln cao, m van tho 6 v x phn lng tch ly n Closed Drain Heater (E51). Ti E-51, lng s c gia nhit ln cao hn ri a n Flare K.O Drum (P-51A/B).
Condensate tch tr trongV-51 v khi mc lng V-51 ln cao (n im ci t H1 ca LIA2701), mt trong hai Flare K.O Drum (P-51A/B) s t ng khi ng v bm Condensate ra
Burn pit vi vn tc 10m3/h.
Ch :
iu chnh m ca van tho 6 v duy tr lng lng x ra cho lng Condensate t V51 n burn pit khng vt qu 10m3/h.
viii. Vn hnh phun methanol
Phun methanol l mt cch chng s hnh thnh hydrat. im phun methanol t ngay trc
cc van gim p v thit b trao i nhit, l nhng ni hot ng nhit nhit thp.
Nu c hoc nghi ng c s hnh thnh hydrat trong nh my, bm phun methanol (P25A/B/C) s c khi ng. Bm khi ng chng trnh nh sau:
(1) Kim tra mc lng trong bn methanol c hay khng (V-25). Nu khng phi
c cung cp thm vo.
s. Bm cn c mi vi methanol
bng cch m van ht v l thng
hi.
t. Bm ht v van tho c m.
u. Khi ng bm v xc nhn p
sut x gia tng
v. M van phun tia ti site
ix. S c thit b ph
a.
H dng c kh
Khi p sut kh cng c (instrument air) thp hn PALL v c xc nhn bng 2 trong 3
cng tc p sut, nh my s t ng tt bng PSD.
Nguyn nhn gy ra vic gim p sut kh cng c:
My nn IA tt
My lc trc hoc sau b phn lm kh IA b nghn.
R r IA
Cm my nn kh IA gm c 2 my nn, mt my vn hnh v 1 my d phng, khi my

ang vn hnh tt, my d phng s t ng khi ng.
Khi c n bo nguy him IA Dryer Pre-filter hay After-filter, n cn c lm sch. IA
s c a qua bypass hoc i qua cc my lc d phng.
a. Li kh kh
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 45
Kh nhin liu hng dn n nhng kt qu sau :
Ngt my pht in chy kh
Khi my kh ngng, my diesel s t khi ng
Ngt my nn ng c kh
My nn kh K-01, K-02, K-03 ngng hot ng, kh t nh thp Deethanizer v Gas

Stripper c dn i t b.
Ngt thit b gia nhit hot oil
Dng kh mi cho uc v hm t
Thiu kh mi s nguy him hn cho nh my. Nu ngn la mi khng c, cc kh chy c

s lan rng xung quanh nh my. Kh thng phm trong ng ng c dng nh kh t
bng cch m SDV-1121.
Dng kh x n u gp uc
Ngun cung cp kh x thay th cho u gp uc t cng rt quan trng, v khng kh c

th trong h thng ngoi kh x. cung cp kh x, nito c s dng thay v kh t ti
ni cui ca u gp uc t kh.
b. S c du nng
Du nng dng nh cht ti nhit trong nh my. N c 3 cng dng.
Cung cp nhit cho Reboiler (E-01A/B, E-03 & E-10).
Gia nhit dng hydrocacbon lng (E-07 trong V-03, E-41) trnh to thnh
hydrat.
Gia nhit cho dng kh ti sinh ca h thng tch nc (E-18).
V vy s c du nng dn n:
Thp chng ct (C-01, 02&03) khng th hot ng v s cho

sn phm khng t cht lng.
Hydrat c th c hnh thnh bn trong V-03 v gy tt nghn

van PV-0131A/B. (s c du nng gim nhit trong V03 kh nng s to thnh Hydrat tng). trnh to thnh
Hydrat trong , cn ng van PV-0131A/B trc tin ch
iu khin bng tay. Trong bc k tip, khng nhp liu vo
thp chng ct, v tho lng y thp, sn phm nh lc ny
s c hi lu hon ton cho n khi h thng du nng hot
ng tr li.
Nu ngun kh t c ly t hi Slug Catcher, Hydrat c th

c hnh thnh ngay sau van PV-5802A/B, c t cui
dng ca E-41.
Ngt h thng tch nc.

a. S c nc lm mt
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 46
Khi h thng nc lm mt ngt, nhng thit b sau s tt bi kha t ng:
My nn kh ti sinh (K-04A/B)
Turbo-Expander/Compressor (CC-01)
Cm thit b nn khng kh (K-61A/B).
My pht in vn tip tc hot ng, K-04 v CC-01 s dng. V vy GPP hay MF khng
c chn nu h thng nc lm mt b shutdown trong thi gian di. Khi p sut ca IA
gim n mc thp LL (PALL-5202), qu trnh shutdown s t ng kch hot.
x.
Qu trnh Blow Down
Khi xy ra cc tnh hung khn cp th dng Emergency Shutdown (ESD). Cc tnh hung
nguy him c th l: chy, thit b b hng hc nghim trng. Lc phi gim p h
thng (blow down) bng cch x kh ra t (vn hnh bng tay).
u tin, xc nh nguyn nhn gy nn s c:
(1) Ngun gy ra s c l g, do la hay do r r ? Xy ra u?
Da vo s nh du bo ng vng c la xc nh
w. Ngun la hay r r pht ra t
thit b no? V tr ca thit b ?
x. Thit b no b nh hng bi sc
nng ca la?
y. Thit b no b hng nng?
Nhng nguyn tc chnh khi c s c xy ra:
(1) Khi ng h thng Emergency Shutdown (ESD), n s ngay lp tc tch nh my ra
khi cc ng ng vo v ra, cng nh tng khu vc nh my vi nhau.
z. Trong trng hp c ha hon,
phi lm mt cc thit b nh
hng bi nhit trnh kim loi
s nng chy bng cch: phun
nc v dp tt la vi vi cu
ha, phun nc, bt kh, hay nh
ti i cu ha.
aa. C lp cc thit b cha
hydrocacbon khi cc ngun pht
ha hay r r.
bb. Nu khng th dp tt la hay ch
r r bng cc cch trn, tho cc
ngun lng gy chy hay r r ti
h thng thot nc kn bng tay
nu c th.
cc. Cht lng cha trong cc bn chu
nh hng ca la khng nn
c tho ra bi v chng c th
hp th nhit bng cch bc hi,
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 47
do bo v kim loi lm bn
khng b nng chy.
dd. Bn cha ngun gy ha hon
hay r r nn c h p gim
la hay r r.
ee. Bn chu nh hng ca la hay
r r khng nn b gim p nu n
c cha lng, v lng s bo v
bn. Cn khi bn khng cha
lng th nn gim p bng tay.
Ch : bn cha lng khng nn gim p nhng ngi ta s dng van gim p duy tr p
sut gim trong bn.
ff. Gim p bng tay nh trn s
c tin hnh bng cch m cc
van iu khin c lin quan t
DCS
(Distributed
Control
System) x bt kh ra t.
Bng nh km di y lit k
ra tt c cc khu vc s t ng
c cch ly bng ESD, cng vi
nhng thit b trong mi khu vc
, s nh du bo ng vng
xy ra ha hon c lin quan n
mi thit b, van iu khin p
sut khi gim p trong mi khu
vc, lu lng ca chng, p sut
vn hnh v th tch mi khu vc.
gg. Mc gim p khng c vt
qua cng sut ca uc: 212 tn/
h i vi t gin on v 77.2
tn/h khi t lin tc. Mt ch tiu
khc gim p l gim p sut
h thng cn 1 na trong 15 pht.
Ta thy trong bng, lu lng ca
van iu khin p sut th kh ph
hp vi tiu chun, ngoi tr PV502, do h thng ny c Slug
Catcher c th tch rt ln. Khi
cn thit th gim p Slug Catcher
nhng v c bn th khng cn
thit.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 48
d. H thng ph tr, x l nc thi, an ton lao ng v PCCC

1.
H thng an ton
Tiu ch hng u trong vic vn hnh nh my l ton b nh my v cc cm thit b c

thit k v vn hnh mt cch:
An ton, hiu qu v kinh t
Cc nh hng ti mi trng xung quanh c hn ch mt

cch ti thiu.
Vi cc tiu ch , u tin cao nht l vn an ton.

a.
H thng uc t (flare system)
H thng Flare l h thng c thit k t b kh i t nh

my thng qua cc van an ton, van iu p hay cc ng ni
thng kh v t b n mt ni an ton.
H thng t kh phi tha mn nguyn tc sau:

Cng sut t ca uc phi bng cng sut hot ng ca Nh my. Cng
sut thit k ban u l 4.7 triu m3. V trong iu kin hot ng bt thng,
ton b h thng cn phi c gim p sut bng cch t b kh thi. Tuy
nhin, vic t kh thi ra ti Nh my khng thc hin lin tc m ch t
trong thi gian ngn, vic t ht cng sut ch thc hin trong iu kin xu
nht.
Chiu cao uc t ph thuc vo khong cch i vi khu vc cng ngh, v
chiu cao uc phi tha mn yu cu an ton, khng nh hng ti nh dn.
Ti nh my, uc t cch khu vc Cng ngh l 85m.
Hin nay, c tng cng ba h thng uc: mt h thng c

t Gin nn vi cng sut 6 triu m 3/ngy, mt c t
Nh my v mt h thng na t ti Nh my m Ph M,
B Ra- Vng Tu vi cng sut 3 triu m3/ngy. Trong trng
hp xy ra s c th u tin vn hnh h thng uc t ti Nh
my Dinh C. Trong trng hp lng kh thi ra vt qu
cng sut Nh my th phi vn hnh h thng ti nh my m
Ph M. Trng hp xu nht l lng kh vt qu cng sut
ca hai nh my trn th gin nn trung tm ngoi khi s dng
vic a kh vo b bng cch t b kh ng hnh thu c
sau khi khai thc.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 49
Tt c kh c thu gom trong ng thu gom (flare header) 20

c a ti bnh tch lng Flare K.O. Drum (V-51) l mt
thit b nm ngang c ng knh 3100 mm, di 8200 mm,
trong tt c cht lng i theo b loi b, kh i qua outlet
header 20 v c a n uc t Flare Stack (ME-51).
Flare Stack l mt thit b hnh ng bng kim loi c ng
knh 30, cao 70 m, c cng sut 212 tn/h nu hot ng
khng lin tc, v 77.2 tn/h nu t kh lin tc. Ngn la
c to ra bng b nh la bng in, v c theo di bi 3
u d (BSL 2701 A/B/C) c lp t nh ca ct uc.
Cht lng thu c V-51 c a i bng bm Flare K.O.

Drum (P-51A/B) c cng sut 10m 3/h, c truyn ng bi
mt mt 11kW, n hm t Burn Pit. Bm A t khi ng khi
nhn c tn hiu bo mc H1 t thit b cm bin mc cht
lng trong bnh V-51 (LIA 2701), bm B hot ng khi mc
cht lng tng ln (tn hiu H2), v 2 bm dng khi nhn tn
hiu L.
n bo mc LALL 2701 s kch hot dng c hai bm

bo v bm trong trng hp mc thp, v LAHH 2701 s
kch hot ng van u vo nh my (ESDV 101) khi mc
V-51 cao hn gi tr ci t.
Thit b gia nhit Closed Drain Heater (E 52) dng lm

nng lng cht lng thi n 55oC bng du ti nhit nhm bay
hi trit cc hydrocarbon nh trc khi thi ra Burn Pit.
Bm P 51A/B v E-52 c b tr to thnh mt vng

thermo-siphon (vng xiphon nhit). Cht lng lnh trong thng
s lun chuyn qua E-52 bng trng lc, do vy thng lun
c gi 55oC. Tc dng chy ca du ti nhit c iu
khin bi TIC-2703. Van bypass ch manual v RO-2702
dng cung cp cho TV-2703 gi cho E-52 lun nng, ngay
c khi TV-2703 hon ton ng.
ng gp Flare c lm sch bng kh nhin liu hay nit

phn cui ca ng gp. Tc ca kh x c iu khin bi
vi phun thu hp n khong 18.2 Nm3/h (tng cng).
b. H thng x kn (Closed Drain)
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 50
H thng Closed drain c thit k loi b cht lng thi t

nh my v c a vo gia nhit bay hi mt phn
hydrocarbonn nh trc khi t b burn pit.
Tt c cht lng thu gp trong u gp 12 c a n

Closed Drain Heater (E-52), trong n c lm nng ln
55oC, sau a n Flare K.O. Drum. Kh bay hi c t
Flare Stack, cht lng thi c bm bng Flare K.O. Drum
Pump qua hm t Burn Pit. Cng sut t ti a ca Burn Pit
l 8.9m3/h hydrocarbon lng.
ii. Phng tin b tr

a.
H thng phun methanol
Methanol c dng chng li s hnh thnh Hydrat nhng

phn lnh trong nh my. N cng c tc dng loi cc Hydrat
hnh thnh t trc.
Methanol c chuyn n trong cc thng cha, sau c

bm vo bn cha Methanol (V-25), l b cha ng ng
knh 750 mm, cao 3500 mm, c dung tch 1.5m 3, tng ng
vi 20 gi hot ng lin tc. Nit c cung cp nh kh bo
v bi PCV-3001 (gi p sut 100 kPaG), v van PCV-3002
s x kh khi p sut ln n 150 kPaG. Van thng p PSV-3001
c t p sut thit k l 350 kPaG.
Bm phun methanol (P-25A/B/C) l bm pittng c nng sut

11lt/h v p xut x 11500 KPaG, ht t y V-25 v a n
cc u phn phi. Mi bm c bo v khi vt p bng cc
van thng p t cc ng y. Cng sut ca bm c th iu
chnh bng cch thay i hnh trnh pittng t 0 n 100%
(bng tay). B gim va p c lp t trn ng y gim
s va p gy ra do p lc.
C 3 u phn phi, 1 cho l phun E-14, 1 cho l phun E-20, v

ci cn li dng phn phi n cc im phun thng thng
khc. Hai u u tin c dng khi 2 l phun cn lm vic
lin tc. Mi u phn phi c bo v vt p 13900 kPaG
bng PSV-3002A/B/C.
c. H thng to mi
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 51
Cht to mi c phun vo sn phm bng h thng to mi

Odorization Package (ME-28), h thng ny bao gm 3 b iu
khin, bm phun chy bng kh nit, my o mi (verometer)
v mt bn tn tr.
L do ca vic to mi l pht hin ra s r r ca sn phm

bng mi ca chng. Kh thng thm c to mi bi cm c
sn (X-101), do vy ME-28 ch c dng cho propane, Butane
v hn hp ca chng. Tuy nhin, hin nay kh thng phm
c ch yu s dng trong cng nghip cc nh my in
m nn h thng to mi cho kh thng phm c chuyn
i thnh h thng bm cht chng n mn vo ng ng
(cht chng n mn thng dng l K-143).
Trong sut qu trnh vn hnh bnh thng, cht to mi c

phun vo lin tc vi nng khong 40-60ppm trong sn
phm, c iu khin t ng t l vi nng sut sn phm. T
l phun da trn Alarmodor L-741, cc alkyl mercaptan khng
mu, khng mi.
Dung tch tn tr l 500 gal tng ng vi 20 ngy vn hnh

lin tc.
iii. Phng tin ph tr

a.
H thng kh cng c
H thng instrument air cung cp kh lm kh v lm sch du m v cho cc van chy

bng kh. Ngoi ra, cc my nn kh cung cp kh cho cc h thng s dng kh.
B phn instrument air bao gm My nn kh Air Compressor Package (K-61A/B), Thit b
lm kh Instrument Air Dryer (M-61) v cc bnh cha kh cng c Instrument Air Receiver
(V-61), bnh cha kh ph tr Utility Air Receiver (V-62).
Mt cm my nn kh bao gm 2 b lc kh u vo, b gim thanh, phn nn kiu pittng
dn ng bng ng c in, my lm lnh v thit b phn tch Condensate.
Mt cm my lm kh bao gm b lc kh u vo, b lm lnh vi thit b phn tch
Condensate v b lc kh u ra.
H thng c trang b nu p sut kh gim xung 700 kPaG, ngun cung cp cho cc h
thng s dng kh v h thng nit s ng li bi PCV-5101 v PCV-5201, nh vy, h
thng instrument air c u tin hn.
Cc thng s thit b ca h thng:
Air Compressor Package, K-61A/B

Loi: my nn pittng 2 cp, khng du bi trn
p sut x: 1000 kPaG
Nhit x: 51oC
Cng sut: 675 Nm3/h cho 1 my nn
Instrument air dryer, M-61

Loi: thit b lm lnh
p sut u ra: 930 kPaG
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 52
Nhit im sng u ra: 4oC

Cng sut: 675 Nm3/h
Instrument Air Receiver, V-61

p sut vn hnh: 930 kPaG
Nhit vn hnh: 51oC
Kch thc: ng knh 2400 mm, cao 7500 mm
Utility Air Receiver, V-62

Nhit vn hnh: 51oC
d. H thng to nit
Nit c dng lm lp ph trong Hot oil surge drum (thng cha du ti nhit) (V-31),
thng cha methanol (V-25), lm sch u uc v cng phn phi cho cc trm bo dng.
H thng nit bao gm my to nit Nitrogen Generator (ME-62) v thng m nit Nitrogen
Buffering Vessel (V-63).
H thng to nit bao gm mt thit b phn tch hi, thit b lc cc cht kt t (coalescing
filter), mt my gia nhit khng kh v mng lc. Mng lc c dng tch v thu hi nit
t kh instrument air. Kh s i qua mng lc si rng (hollow fiber membrane wall) trong khi
nit thm qua vi tc chm hn nhiu.
Cc thng s thit b ca h thng
Nitrogen Generator, ME-62

Loi: Mng lc
Nng sut: 100 Nm3/h
tinh khit: nit 99%
Nitrogen Buffering Vessel

Nhit vn hnh: 51oC
e. Du ti nhit
Cc qu trnh dng nhit trong nh my c cung cp bi h thng du ti nhit. Lng

nhit i hi c ly trc tip t vic t kh nhin liu thit b gia nhit du ti nhit Hot
Oil Heaters.
H thng bao gm 3 thit b gia nhit du ti nhit Hot Oil Heater (H-31A/B/C), bnh cha
du ti nhit Hot Oil Surge Drum (V-31), thit b lc du ti nhit Hot Oil Filter (F-31A/B) v
3 bm tun hon du ti nhit Hot Oil Circulation Pumps (P-31A/B/C).
Du tun hon, Thermia Oil B, c tun hon bi 1 bm tun hon trong ch AMF v
MF, 2 bm trong ch GPP. Bm cn li khng hot ng trong mi iu kin vn hnh s
d phng. Mi bm c thit k c cng sut 270m3/h.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 53
Khi p sut du ti nhit cung cp cho thit b gia nhit thp, tn hiu t PSL-5402 s kch
hot bm d phng. Khi dng chy vo thit b gia nhit thp FALL-5503/5603/5703 s kch
hot kha lin ng trn b iu khin PLC ngng cp nhit. B ngt nhit cng c
t trong dng u ra ngt h thng iu khin gia nhit. H thng iu khin ng nht
c cung cp cho c 3 thit b gia nhit.
Nhit du ti nhit hi lu ty thuc vo mi qu trnh ti nhit ph hp vi ch vn
hnh, nh l 203oC cho AMF, 171oC cho MF v 163oC cho GPP, nhng ngc li, nhit
du ti nhit cung cp c c nh 260oC bi b iu khin TIC-5505/5605/5705.
Van iu khin nhit trn dng dn kh t chnh c trang b vi b iu chnh t ti
thiu (PCV-5502, 5602, 5702) m bo kh nng lm vic tt cho h thng t chy.
C 3 thit b gia nhit c cng sut thit k 47.52 GJ/h mi thit b. Trong ch AMF v MF
ch 1 thit b gia nhit hot ng, trong ch GPP c 2 thit b gia nhit hot ng. Nhng
thit b cn li s c ch d phng.
y l tm tt cng sut, nng sut v cc thng s vn hnh cho mi ch vn hnh:
AMF mode MF mode
GPP mode
Lu lng du nng
125.8 tn/h
160.6 tn/h 320.2 tn/h
Bm chy
P-31A
P-31A
P-31A/B
Bm d phng
P-31B
P-31B
P-31C
Cng sut nhit
18.9 GJ/h
36.9 GJ/h
79.6 GJ/h
Thit b gia nhit hot ng H-31A
H-31A
H-31A/B
Thit b gia nhit d phng
H-31B
H-31C
H-31B
Thit b gia nhit bao gm phn bc x nhit v phn i lu nhit. Phn bc x bao gm 46
ng trn c sp xp trong 2 chng vi chiu di mi ng 12.015 m. Phn i lu nhit bao
gm 64 ng c b mt m rng (extended surface tube) c chiu di 3.710 m.
6 bung t c s dng trong mi thit b gia nhit. Cc bung t loi thi nng NO x
thp c th vn hnh dng kh t.
Dng du ti nhit bypass c iu khin da trn gi tr t trc ca FIC-5501/5601/5701.
Hot Oil Surge Drum (V-31) cung cp khng gian cho s gin n nhit ca h thng du ti
nhit.
Hot Oil Surge Drum, V-31

Nhit vn hnh: 163-203oC
Hot Oil Circulation Pump, P-31A/B/C

Chnh p: 630 kPa
Dung tch: 270m3/h
Hot Oil Filter, F-31 A/B

Nng sut: 50m3/h
Hiu sut: tch 99% ht c kch thc 10 micro tr ln.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 54
Hot Oil Heater, H-31A/B/C

Loi: ht gi t nhin, hnh tr thng ng.
Nng sut: 47.52 GJ/h.
f. Nc lm mt
Cc thit b s dng kh Gas Utilization Project bao gm:
My pht in chy kh, G-71A/B/C
Thit b gia nhit du ti nhit, H-31A/B/C
Kh mi cho Flare, ME-51
Kh mi cho hm t, ME-52
ng c my nn deethanizer OVHD, K-01
ng c my nn deethanizer OVHD, K-02
ng c my nn kh 2 bc, K-03
Kh x n uc (flare stack)
H thng bao gm Thit b gia nhit kh t (E-41), Thng cha kh t (V-41), v h thng
kim sot ng ng v p sut. H thng kh t c thit k p sut ti a l 500 kPaG.
Thit b gia nhit dng nng nhit ca kh nguyn liu ln trn nhit im sng.
Kh nhp liu c ly t nhnh trc phn nn CC-01 trong vn hnh bnh thng. Hn na,
i vi ln khi ng ban u ca nh my, mt ngun kh t ring bit s c ly t u ra
ca V-08, qua thit b phn tch, thit b lc u vo loi nc, v khi khi ng mt ngun
kh d tha khc c ly t kh thng phm gn B/L. Nu dng khi ng li l ngun kh
t c s dng, n c th gy ra nhng nh hng v n h thng d tm kh r r.
Do vy trc khi n c dng, n phi c thng bo n h thng SCADA (Supervisory
Control and Data Acquisition).
Hai van kim sot p sut c dng cho kh t v y l h thng c tnh quyt nh. Hai
van ny iu khin trong trng hp c s h hng van iu khin v c s hnh thnh
Hydrat. Gi tr t 2 b iu khin PIC-5802A/B nn khc nhau, nh l 350 kPaG cho
controller A v 300 kPaG cho B.
Methanol c th c phun vo ngn cn s hnh thnh Hydrat.
Trc khi khi ng vn hnh ch AMF ln u, kh t khng c sn. in nh my c
th c cung cp bi My pht ng c Diesel (G-72) (khng cn kh t). Sau khi khi
ng, ngun in c chyn sang my pht ng c kh (G-71 A/B/C) tit kim DO, cn
My pht ng c DO chuyn sang ch standby hay dng trong trng hp khn cp.
Cht lng tch t trong Thng cha kh c tho ra ngoi a n h thng x kn (closed
drain system).
Thit b gia nhit kh t, E-41

Loi: double pipe
Nng sut nhit: 0,059x1.1 MW
p sut vn hnh: 3100 kPa u ra
Nhit vn hnh: 45oC
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 55
Thng cha kh, V-41

p sut vn hnh: 350 kPa
Nhit vn hnh: 20oC
g. Nc lm mt
Lng tiu th nc lm mt trong cc thit b c tnh:
CC-01, Turbo- Expander/ Compressor: 20m3/h
K-04A/B, Dehydration Regeneration Compressor: 1.8m3/h
K-61A/B, Air Compressor: 16m3/h
P-31A/B/C, Hot Oil Circulating Pump (bm tun hon du ti

nhit): 1.82m3/h
H thng nc lm mt l mt h thng tun hon kn vi 1 my lm lnh nc Cooling

Water Cooler (E-61), Bm cung cp nc lm mt Cooling Water Supply Pump (P-63A/B) v
Cooling Water Suction Drum (Thng cha nc lm mt) (V-64).
Thit b lm mt bng khng kh c thit k vn hnh vi 2 qut. Nc c tun hon
bi Bm P-63A/B i qua nhiu thit b, thit b gii nhit bng khng kh, v thng cha.
Nc cung cp cho h thng l nc t h thng cung cp nc th i qua b lc.
Tc tun hon c xc nh bi FI-5901 v iu chnh bi dng bypass vi van PCV5901. Nhit cung cp v nhit quay v c xc nh bi TI-5901/5902.
Trong trng hp p sut cung cp qu thp, c 400 kPaG, th bm tun hon standby s t
ng kch hot.
Thit b:
Thit b lm lnh nc (Cooling water cooler), E-61:

Nng sut nhit: 1.74x1.1 GJ/h
Nhit u vo: 51oC
Nhit u ra: 45oC
Bm tun hon nc lm mt (Cooling water supply pump), P63A/B

Chnh p: 440 kPa
Cng sut: 70m3/h
Cooling water suction drum, V-64

p sut vn hnh: p sut kh quyn
Kch thc: ng knh 1500 mm, di 3800 mm
h. H thng x l nc nhim du
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 56
Nc ma khng nhim du thu gom t cc b mt sch trong nh my c a n cc
cng thot nc ma v a ra khi khu vc nh my.
Cc dng nc nhim du chy nh trng lc v thit b phn tch du API Oil Separator (Y71). Nc thi sau khi c phn tch c bm bi Bm nc thi (P-75A/B), thng qua
Thit b lc coalescer (V-74) loi b du b li cun mt ln na, sau nc c x
l c thi ra ngoi cng vi nc khng nhim du.
Du t b gt vng du iu chnh c trong thit b phn tch du chy vo B cha du
thi Waste oil Sump (V-71). Du thu gom trong ging s c a trc tip n ging t
t b hoc a vo thng vn chuyn i theo nh k bng bm du ti Waste oil sump
pump (P-74).
H thng c cng sut thit k ti a l 40 m3/h nc thi nhim du hot ng lin tc.
API Oil seperator, Y-71

Kch thc: di 4200 mm, rng 3600 mm, su 36650 mm
Waste oil sump, V-71

Waste water sump, V-73

Coalescer, V-74
Nng sut: 40 m3/h
Hiu sut tch: 15ppm trong u ra
Waste oil sump pump, P-74

Loi: my ly tm ng
chnh p: 350 kPa
Cng sut: 4m3/h
Waste water pump, P-75A/B

Loi: my ly tm ngang
chnh p: 350 kPa
Cng sut: 20 m3/h
i. H thng nc
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 57
Nc c dng trong cc mc ch sau y:
Nc v sinh
Nc cu ha
Nc lm nc lm mt
Phn phi n cc trm dch v
H thng nc bao gm Bn cha nc th (Raw Water Storage Tank (TK-61), Bm nc

lm mt b sung Cooling Water Make-up Pumps (P-62A/B).
Trong sut qu trnh vn hnh bnh thng, nc c phn nhnh t Battery Limit (ngun
nc bn ngoi nh my) n cc ni tiu th trc tip m khng dng bm Cooling Water
Make-up Pumps (P-62A/B). Cooling water make-up pumps (P-62A/B) ch c dng trong
trng hp bt thng khi nc B/L khng c sn.
Mc tiu th ti a nc th trong qu trnh vn hnh bnh thng thng khng t ti 3 m 3/
ngy v phn ln l nc v sinh. Khi nh my lm v sinh khi tin hnh bo dng ton b,
lng nc tiu th c th ln n khong 12m3/h.
Raw Water Storage Tank, TK-61

Kch thc: ng knh 5700mm, cao 4500 mm
Cooling water make-up Pump, P-62A/B

chnh p: 490 kPa
Cng sut: 15m3/h
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 58
Chng 4.
SN PHM
I. Cc sn phm chnh ph v ph phm. Yu cu cht lng sn phm

Kh kh:
L sn phm kh thu c t kh thin nhin hay kh ng hnh sau khi c x l tch loi
nc v cc tp cht c hc, tch kh ha lng v ngng t ti nh my x l kh. Thnh
phn kh kh bao gm ch yu l methane, ethan ngoi ra cn c propane, Butane v mt s
kh tp cht khc nh nit, cacbondioxit, hydrosulphur vi hm lng nh.
Kh ha lng (LPG):
L hn hp hydrocacbon nh ch yu l propane, propene, Butane v butene, c th bo
qun v vn chuyn di dng lng trong iu kin p sut trung bnh nhit mi trng.
Condensate:
L sn phm thu c sau qu trnh chng ct phn on trong nh my x l kh. Thnh
phn Condensate bao gm ch yu l Hydrocacbon C5+.
1.
Cc sn phm
a.
Kh kh
Lu lng (Triu Sm3/ngy)
p sut (kPaG)
Nhit (oC)
im sng nc (oC)
im sng HC (oC)
AMF
3.95
4700
20.9
15
20.3
MF
3.67
4700
27.2
4.6
-10.7
GPP
3.44
4700
56.4
6.6
-38.7
j. Condensate
Lu lng
p sut (kPaG)
Nhit (oC)
Hm lng C4 max
AMF
MF
GPP
330 tn/ngy 380 tn/ngy 400 tn/ngy
800
45
2%
k. Bupro
AMF MF
GPP
Sn lng
640 tn/ngy
p sut
1300 kPa
Nhit
47.34 oC
l. Propane
AMF MF GPP
Sn lng
535 tn/ngy
Hiu sut thu hi
85.2%
p sut
1800kPa
Nhit
45.57 oC
Hm lng C4+
2.5%
max
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 59
m. Butane
AMF MF GPP
Sn lng
415 tn/ngy
Hiu sut thu hi
92%
p sut
900kPa
Nhit
45oC
Hm lng C5+ max
2.5%
ii. c tnh k thut LPG do Nh my x l kh Dinh C sn xut
STT
Tn ch tiu
V tnh Mc cht lng
Phng php th
p sut hi 37.8C, max
Kpa
1430
ASTM D1267 95
Hm lng lu hunh, max
Ppm
140
Hm lng nc t do
% kl
khng c
ASTM D2784 98
Quan st bng mt
thng
n mn tm ng trong 1h 37.8
0
C
S 1
T trng 150C
Kg/l
s liu bo co ASTM D1657 91
% mol
% mol
% mol
% mol
2.00
-
ASTM D2163 91
ASTM D2163 91
ASTM D2163 91
ASTM D2163 91
0.05
ASTM D2158 97
ASTM D1838 91
Thnh phn:
6
Hm lng Etan
Hm lng C4+, max
Hm lng C5+, max
Hydrocarbon khng bo ha
TP cn sau khi bc hi 100ml, max ml
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 60
b. Phng php kim tra sn phm

Kim tra sn phm bng h thng kim tra trc tuyn trn my tnh t ti nh my c cp
nht lin tc v c kim tra tai ni tiu th.
c. Tn tr v bo qun
Phng php bo qun sn phm: 2 phng php c s dng ti nh my l:
Bo qun trong iu kin p sut cao, nhit bo qun ph thuc vo p sut. y l

phng php c s dng ti Nh my. Sn phm ti nh my c bo qun p
sut 10 Bar, nhit bo qun nm trong khong 40-45oC.
Cha sn phm trong kho lnh: phng php ny c mt s u im nh sau:
C th cha p sut thng.
Khng c hin tng r r do p sut thp.
Cng sut cha ln.
Khng cn dng cht to mi.
Phng php ny c dng bo qun LPG nhp khu.

V d: Propan c bo qun 0.18 Bar v nhit t -40 n -45oC, butan c bo qun
0.08 Bar v nhit -10 n -15oC.
Nguyn tc: huy ng tt c cc bn cha c th c.
i vi LPG, hin ti h thng cha LPG gm c:
H thng bn cha ti kho cng Th Vi gm 33 bn cha LPG

vi th tch mi bn l 430m3 v cc bn cha LPG.
Ti nh my c th huy ng 3 bn: LPG, Bn cha

Condensate (TK-21) v bn cha sn phm khng t cht
lng.
Trong trng hp lng LPG thu c ti nh my nhiu hn th tch cho php cha ca c
ba bn trn th s dng bn cha sn phm khng t cht lng. Nu vn khng dung
tch cha th lc ny LPG c a vo h thng ng ng 6 inch di 24 km a v
kho cng Th Vi. Nu nh th tch cha vn khng th lc ny Nh my s tin hnh tch
lng ti Slug Catcher.
i vi Condensate:
C hai h thng bn cha ti kho Cng Th Vi v ti Nh my.

Kho cng Th Vi c 2 bn cha Condensate vi dung tch mi
bn l 6500m3, v ti nh my c 1 bn cha TK21 vi dung
tch 2000m3 v thi gian cha ti a l 3 ngy.
Tng t nh trong trng hp cha LPG, sn phm c u tin cha ti nh my, sau
n cc bn cha ti kho cng. Nhng nu lng sn phm vn nhiu hn dung tch cho php
th phi tin hnh tch lng Slug Catcher.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 61
d. Cc ngun phn phi, tiu th v ng dng

1.
Ngun phn phi, tiu th
Sn phm chnh ca nh my gm c ba loi l kh kh, LPG, v Condensate.

a.
Kh kh:
Hai ngun tiu th kh kh chnh l nh my nhit in B Ra

v Nh my m Ph M sn xut in nng v phn m.
Ngoi ra, nh my cn cung cp kh kh cho mt s h tiu th
thp p lm nhin liu t nh cc nh my sn xut gch
men, gm s...
Ngun tiu th: nh my in B Ra, Ph M 1, Ph M 2.1,

Ph M 2.2, Ph M 3, Ph M 4, cng ty sn xut phn bn,
thp, vt liu xy dng, gm s, gch, thy tinh nh cng ty
phn m v ha du Du Kh, cng ty Vedan, cng ty
Taicera,...
n. Condensate
c a ra kho cng Th Vi v c tiu th bi cng ty

PDC. Ti y, Condensate s c tin hnh tch v thc hin
cc qu trnh Isomer ha cng nh Reforming... ch to xng
t Condensate.
Ni phn phi: kho cng Th Vi

o. LPG
y l ngun cung cp LPG dn dng, p ng khong 30%

nhu cu th trng v qua trung gian cng ty kh Petro Gas.
Ngoi ra cn c mt s h tiu th p sut thp. Nhng cc h
ny ch tiu th mt lng nh dng lm nhin liu t trong
trng hp khng c kh.
Ni phn phi: kho cng Th Vi
ii. ng dng
a.
Kh kh:
ng dng: ch yu sn xut in, xu hng s dng CNG

(Compressed Natural Gas), xe chy bng ng c kh, tng hp
hu c ha du sn xut propylen, butadiene-1,3.
p. Kh ha lng:
ng dng: lnh vc cng nghip v dn dng

q. Condensate:
ng dng: c s dng ch yu pha ch xng
Xu hng:
Tch phn on 65-72oC lm dung mi pha xng White spirit.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 62
Chng 5.
Isomer ha Condensate nh sn xut Jet fuel c ch s octan cao, tt hn

reformate do c t aromatic.
TR LI CU HI CHO T THC TP
TT NGHIP
Cu 1: Trong chng ct, p sut cng thp th cng d tch (an ton v tit kim nng lng).
Gii thch v sao phi duy tr p sut ca thp C-02 l 11bar, thp C-03 l 16bar.
Tr li:
Thp C-02 phi duy tr p sut 11 bar, v thp C-02 l thp tch C3 v C4 nh cn y
l condensate. V vy da vo gin pha ca thnh phn cc cu t nh cng vi tc nhn
lm lnh nh l khng kh ta s xc nh c p sut hot ng ca thp da vo iu kin
tch cu t no nh. Cch xc nh p sut thp C-03 16 bar cng tng t.
Cu 2: Khi h thng tch nc V-06A/B chuyn qu trnh hp ph sang thp d phng s c
nhng thay i g n cng ngh. Nu cc iu chnh cn thit ca ngi vn hnh ? Nu cc
bin php cn thit gim thiu cc thay i trn.
Tr li:
Nhng thay i v cng ngh l:
o lm gin on dng kh.
o Thay i thnh phn kh.
Nhng iu chnh cn thit l trong thi gian ngn nht hai thp hp ph c vn hnh song
song.
Cu 3: Gii thch v sao trong ch GPP, thp C-05 li l thp chng ct ?
Tr li:
V dng kh t V-06A/B vo bnh tch lc F-01A/B tch lc cc tp cht c hc, sau s
c tch lm hai phn:
o Khong 1/3 dng kh qua thit b trao i nhit E-14 lm lnh xung cn
- 35 oC
sau qua van gim p FV- 1001 gim p sut t 109 bar xung cn 33,5 Bar v
nhit l -62oC ( khong 55% mol lng ) v vo phn nh ca thp C-05. Dng ny
ng vai tr nh dng hi lu ngoi.
o Khong 2/3 dng kh cn li vo phn gin n thit b Expander ( CC-01 ) gim p
sut xung cn 33,5 bar v nhit -18oC ( khong 18% mol lng) v vo y thp C05.
Thp C-05 khng c Condenser nh v Reboiler y, nhng c dng hi lu ngoi
nh cha ch yu lng v dng vo y cha thnh phn ch yu l kh nn trong thp c
s tip xc lng hi, v vy thp C-05 trong ch GPP hot ng nh 1 thp chng ct
Cu 4 : Vic iu chnh p sut thp C-01 v bnh tch V-03 trong ch GPP ?
Tr li:
o iu khin p sut ca C-01 trong ch GPP. Nu p sut ca thp tng cao qu thit
k th ta tng cng sut lm vic ca my nn, nhng nu p sut vn cn cao qu gii
gin cho php th iu khin van PV-1303B x kh ra h thng flare t. Trong
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 63
trng hp p sut thp C-01 thp hn gii hn th iu khin gim cng sut my
nn K-01, nu gim cng sut my nn n ti thiu m p sut vn cn thp th iu
khin van PV-1403A hi lu li mt phn kh sales gas tng p sut C-01
o iu khin p sut V-03: p sut ca bnh tch c iu chnh 75 bar bng van PV2002A lp t trn ng hi lu ca my nn hi lu cp 2 K-02.
Khi p sut trong h thng tng ( > 75bar) th n iu khin tng cng
sut my nn K-03 h p, khi my nn K-03 hot ng ht cng sut
m p sut vn cao th n tc ng m van PV-2002B x bt kh ra h
thng uc.
Khi p sut trong h thng gim ( < 75bar) th n iu khin gim cng
sut my nn K-03 tng p, khi my nn K-03 hot ng mc ti
thiu m p sut vn thp th n tc ng m van PV-2002A, mt lng
kh sau E-13 c p sut 109bar s c hi lu li h thng gip tng p.
Cu 5: V s h thng Flare, Closed drain. Nu vai tr ca cc thit b trn trong h

thng. Nu mi quan h gia h thng Flare v Closed drain.
Tr li:
V h thng Flare, Closed drain.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 64
H thng Flare v Closed drain

Vai tr ca cc thit b:
o Bnh tch V-52 v V-51 l bnh tch lng v kh.
o Flare h thng t kh.
o Burnpit h thng ch lng t V-51 t V-52.
Mi quan h ca h thng l: dng nc vo bnh tch V-52 y kh v lng c tch ra.
Kh tip tc qua bnh tch V-51 (Closed drain ) tch trit lng HC cn ln. Kh ra t
thit b a n Flare t.
Cu 6: Khi nh my b shutdown, sau khi xc nh nguyn nhn v x l, th t u tin
khi ng li thit b trong nh my ?
Tr li:
u tin khi ng li u tin l ch MGPP GPP MF AMF.
Khi ng li vi ch MGPP:
o Bt u cp kh qua E-14 v FV-0501B vo thp C-05 bng cch m van u vo
h thng lm kh kh V-06 sau t t m van FV-1001 v FV-0501B.
o Dng cp kh theo ng Bypass nh my bng cch ng van tay trn ng Bypass.
o M van u vo/u ra ca h thng kh ti sinh. Khi ng my nn kh ti sinh K04A/B. Sau khi ng h thng lm kh kh V-06.
o Chuyn Condensate u ra ca V-03 t ng x lng (liquid rundown) sang ng
bnh thng. Chuyn van ng kh u ra ca V-03 theo ch MGPP.
o Khi p sut u vo nh my t 65 bar, tin hnh khi ng v vo ti cc my nn
u vo K-1011. ng van tay bypass trm nn u vo. Ci t p sut u ra ca
trm nn l 109 bar.
o Cng vi vic gia tng p sut thng ngun nh my th nhit lm vic ca thp
C-05 cng gim dn, tng lng lng y thp. Khi mc lng y thp C-5 t mc
vn hnh bnh thng th bt u cung cp lng cho thp C-01. Kh t nh thp C-01
s c t t ng.
o Khi ng h thng qut lm mt E-09, chun b cho sn phm Condensate.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 65
o Khi mc lng y thp C-01 v Reboiler E-01A/B gn t gi tr vn hnh bnh
thng th bt u cung cp Hot oil cho Reboiler E-01A/B.
o Khi mc lng trong bnh n nh y thp C-01 (V-15) t gi tr vn hnh bnh
thng th bt u cung cp dng lng cho thp C-02.
o Khi mc lng trong thp C-02 v bnh hi lu nh V-02 gn t gi tr vn hnh bnh
thng th bt u cung cp Hot oil cho Reboiler E-03.
o Khi ng qut lm mt E-02 v bm hi lu P-01A/B.
o Khi ng h thng Turbo-Expander CC-01.
o Khi p sut C-01 t gi tr vn hnh bnh thng (27 bar) v nhit nh < 20 oC th
khi ng my nn kh K-01.
o Khi ng my nn kh K-02, K-03.
o Chuyn dng kh nh thp C-01 theo ch vn hnh GPP.
Cu 7: V sao trong ch GPP, yu cu hiu qu tch m ca thit b V-06A/B li cao hn?
Gii thch v sao lu lng kh ti sinh trong ch MF (18000m 3/h) li ln hn trong ch
GPP (18000m3/h) theo thit k ?
Tr li:
o V ch GPP a thit b CC-01 vo hot ng nn qu trnh tch lng cn phi
cao hn trnh lng lm h hng thit b.
o V qu trnh hp ph xy ra thun li iu kin p sut thp, nhit cao. M dng
kh ti sinh ch MF c p sut cao hn ch GPP. Mt khc hiu sut thu hi
kh ch MF cao hn ch GPP, nn lng kh ti sinh ch MF s ln hn
ch GPP.
Cu 8: Trc cc my nn thng c cc bnh tch tch lng. V sao my nn K-04A/B li

khng c ?
Tr li:
v dng kh qua my nn K-04A/B l dng kh kh Sales gas, nn trong dng kh ny hu nh
khng c lng. V vy trc my nn K-04A/B khng c bnh tch lng.
Cu 9: Vai tr ca cht to mi trong LPG v Sales gas. Cc yu cu ca mt cht to mi.
Tr li:
dng tinh khit, Sales Gas v LPG trng thi lng/hi khng mu, khng mi, nn khi
Sales Gas hay LPG b r r s khng c pht hin kp thi. Do v y LPG c pha thm
cht to mi mercaptan vi t l 30g 40g mercaptan/1 tn LPG c mi c trng nhm d
pht hin nng xp x 4000 ppm trong khng kh trc khi hi LPG t nng bng
1/5 gii hn chy, n di.
Cht to mi c s dng trong nh my l Alkylmercaptan, l cht khng mu.
Mercaptan c mi thi, gy c qua ng h hp, l cht kch thch mnh. Mi ca
mercaptan l yu t gy nhim mi trng nu xy ra r r, n thit b cha Sales Gas/LPG.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 66
Cc yu cu ca mt cht to mi: c mi t trng, khng gy hi sc khe con ngi,
khng ngy nhim mi trng.
Cu 10 : Nu nh hng ca cc yu t sau n cng ngh ca nh my. Nu cc iu chnh
cn thit khi cc yu t thay i? Gii thch?
o Nhit u vo ca kh
o p sut u vo
o Thnh phn kh nguyn liu
o p sut Sales gas
o Lu lng Condensate bm ngoi bin vo
o T l dng kh qua E14/CC-01
Tr li:
Nhit kh u vo: khi nhit kh u vo tng ln ng ngha s tng nhit
ca dng kh. Lng ti SC- 01/02 s bay hi theo dng kh, dn n kh nng ngng t
lng gim, suy ra kh nng thu hi lng gim v ngc li.
p sut u vo:
- iu kin nhit khng i, khi p sut kh ti SC-01/02 ln dn n tng kh
nng ngng t ca cc cu t nh vo trong pha lng ti SC-01/02 lm cho lng
kh s t i. Nhng khi p sut tng, s lm gim kh nng phn tch ca Slug
Catcher. Lng t SC-01/02 c a vo bnh tch V-03, tip theo kh v lng t
bnh tch ny s c nhp liu cho thp C-01. Trong thp C-01, lng y thp
c khng ch theo mt tiu chun nht nh. Do , khi p sut SC-01/02 tng
th lng kh i ra nh C-01 cng tng ln. Dng kh ny c a tr li v
u bnh tch V-08 thu hi li lng. Ngc li khi p sut thp th lm tng kh
nng phn tch, nhng li gim lng lng thu c SC-01/02 do c nhiu cu
t nng ln theo kh. Nh vy trong c hai trng hp lng kh i vo V-08 l
xem nh khng i, cho nn nh hng ca yu t p sut kh u vo ti SC-
01/02 l khng ng k.
Mt khc, khi p sut vo nh my tng s tit kim c nng lng cho my nn
kh u vo, bi v s gim c t s nn ca trm nn kh u vo. T s nn
c xc nh bng Pra/Pvo m p sut ra c nh 109 bar.

Thnh phn kh nguyn liu:
- Kh thnh phn kh nguyn liu nhiu cu t nh th tng kh nng thu hi kh
-
Sales gas v gim kh nng thu hi lng.

Nu thnh phn kh nguyn liu nhiu cu t nng th tng kh nng thu hi lng
cng nhiu. nhng nu qu nhiu cu t nng th ta phi iu chnh li nhit , p
sut v cng sut ca cc thit b.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 67
p sut Sales: Khi p sut salegas tng, do t s nn khng i nn p sut nh thp
tng, tng p sut chung ca thp dn n gim hiu qu lm lnh nn gim hiu sut
thu hi lng. Tng t khi p sut sale gas gim th p sut nh thp gim theo, gim
p sut chung ca thp dn n tng hiu qu lm lnh nn tng hiu sut thu hi lng.
Lu lng condensate bm ngoi bin vo:
- Nu lu lng condensate bm t ngoi bin vo nhiu, th nguyn liu ch nhiu
cu t nng nn vic thu hi lng s tng. Nhng nu qu nhiu lng condensate
th ta phi iu chnh li cng sut ca cc thit b: slug Catcher, thp C-02, thp
C-05.
- Nu lng condensate bm ngoi bin vo m thp th tng kh nng thu hi kh.
T l dng qua E-14/CC-01: Do vy hiu qu lm lnh su ca dng kh n nh thp
C-05 ph thuc rt ln vo nhit lm lnh ra ti E-14, m nhit ny li ph
thuc vo lu lng ca dng kh qua E-14. Nh vy c mt t l dng qua E-14 v
CC-01 m hiu qu trao i nhit t gi tr ti u, gi tr ti u s t c khi
chnh nhit ca dng nng vo v dng lnh ra bng chnh nhit ca
dng lnh vo v dng nng ra khi E-14:
- Nu khi tng t l dng kh qua E-14 th dn n tng p sut lm vic ca C-05,
do lm gim hiu sut lm lnh ca qu trnh nn gim kh nng thu hi sn
-
phm lng.
Nu khi gim t l dng qua E-14, tc l tng lu lng qua CC-01 th gim p
sut lm vic ca C-05 do lm tng hiu sut lm lnh ca qu trnh nn tng
kh nng thu hi sn phm lng.
NH MY X L KH DINH C
Trang 68

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BO CO THC TP TT NGHIP

a. Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin ca nh my

Thng 10 nm 1990, Cng ty Ch bin v Kinh doanh cc sn

Thng 5 nm 1995, PVGAS hon thnh h thng ng ng

Thng 10 nm 1999, PVGas vn hnh nh my x l kh Dinh

Thng 11 nm 2002, D n kh Nam Cn Sn c a vo

n ngy 4 thng 4 nm 2005, 15 t m 3 kh kh c a vo

ng ng dn kh PM3- C Mau: cng sut thit k 2 t m3/nm, di 332 km. Gm

2/5/2007 dng kh u tin t PM3 n trm phn phi kh C

Vi t cch l tng thu, Vietsopetro tham gia bao gm lp t

iii. Nh my ch bin Kh Dinh C

Nh my c thit k thu gom kh ng hnh ca m Bch

T nm 2002 tip nhn thm lng kh t m Rng ng vi

Nh my s dng cng ngh Turbo Expender thu hi khong

Cng sut hin ti:

Condensate: 200 - 240 tn / ngy

Chc nng - nhim v:

Giai on 1 (AMF): hon thnh kho cha Condensate.

Giai on 2 (MF): hon thnh cc hng mc sau: 16 bn cha

Giai on 3 (GPP): hon thnh cc hng mc: 17 bn cha LPG

a im xy dng: Tnh l 44 An Ngi, Long in, B Ra

Tng din tch l 89600 m2.

c. S : t chc, b tr nhn s, mt bng nh my

S t chc, b tr nhn s: tng nhn s: 99

Bo v an ninh, an ton khu vc hnh lang nh my.

Lm vic 2 ca, 4 kp vi chc nng:

S mt bng nh my (Trang sau)

Cc thit b trong nh my c thit k c xem xt n cc yu

Vi nguyn tc trn, thit b b tr trong nh my c b tr

c bit trong khu vc cng ngh, cc thit b phc v cho tng

d. Cc loi sn phm chnh, sn phm ph ca nh my

Kh kh: l sn phm kh thu c t kh thin nhin hay kh

Kh ha lng (LPG): l hn hp hydrocacbon nh ch yu l

Condensate: l sn phm thu c sau qu trnh chng ct

Sn lng Condensate: Bn cnh kh kh v LPG, Condensate cng l mt sn phm m Nh

NGUYN LIU SN XUT

Lu lng: 5,9 triu m3 kh/ngy.

Hm lng nc: Bo ha ti iu kin nhp liu. Trn thc t

Thnh phn kh:

b. Nguyn liu u vo theo thc t vn hnh

Do u nm 2002 kh ng hnh t m Rng ng c a

Cng vi s thay i thnh phn kh vo b, lu lng kh m

c. Kim tra v x l nguyn liu

Cc thng s cn kim sot:

Cc thng s ny c kim tra ngay ti gin thng qua h

Thnh phn kh c cp nht 3 pht/ln & tng i n nh.

Kim sot hm lng H2O bng ng h o im sng c

Do hm lng kh n nh nn vic kim tra hm lng Hg

d. Kh nng thay th nguyn liu

Thit k ban u ca nh my da trn ngun nguyn liu l kh

Cng vi tc khai thc th ngun khi t m ngy cng gim,

in hnh t 13h ngy 25/7/2008, nh my bt u tip nhn

n 10/2008, nh my s tip nhn ngun kh t cc m: S T

D kin trong khong thi gian 2010 2025, nh my ln k

Vi thit k hin nay ca m hnh MGPP, gin nn trung tm

QUY TRNH CNG NGH

m bo cho vic vn hnh Nh my c linh hot ( phng mt s thit b chnh ca

I. Cc ch vn hnh, cc thit b chnh trong mi ch vn

Slug Catcher SC-01/02.

Thit b lc tch nc s b V-08.

Hai thp chng ct C-01, C-05.

Hai thit b trao i nhit E-01, E-04.

Thit b lm ngui bng khng kh E-09.

Hai bnh tch V-03, V-15.