Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.

com

Thit lp chung

Chng I

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

1. Bt u vi Tekla Structures
1.1. Hp thoi thit lp cu hnh
Bt c khi no bn khi ng phn mm Tekla Structures, mt hp thoi nh hnh sau y
s xut hin.

* Environment:
Environment-mi trng thit k, chn mt vng hoc mt quc gia Tekla Structures
cung cp cc thng tin thit k c th c thit lp cho vng hay quc gia . N xc nh cc
tit din mt ct tiu chun ( v d thp hnh), cc cp vt liu ( v d mc thp, b tng), cc h
s mc nh, cc kiu mi ni, cc qui trnh, cc bin, cc bo co v cc mu m bn c th s
dng.
Trong qu trnh ci t phn mm Tekla Structures, bn c th ci t cc mi trng
thit k m bn mun s dng v chng s xut hin trong hp chn cnh nhn Environment ca
hp thoi ny. Cc mi trng thit k m bn c th ci t cho Tekla Structures 21.0 l:
- Australasia

- Austria

- Brazil

Brazin

- China

Trung Quc

- Czech

Sc

- Denmark

an Mch

- Finland

Phn Lan

- France

Php

- Germany

- Greece

Hy Lp

- Hungary

Hungary

- India

- Italy

Chng I

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

- Japan

Nht Bn

- Korea

Hn Quc

- Middle-East

Vng Trung ng

- Netherlands

H Lan ( ting Php)

- Netherlands (English)

H Lan ( ting Anh)

- Norway

Nauy

- Poland

Ba Lan

- Portugal

B o Nha

- Russia

Nga

- South Africa

Nam Phi

- South America

Vng Nam M

- South-East Asia

Vng ng Nam

- Spain

Ty Ban Nha

- Sweden

Thy in

- Switzerland

Thy S

- Taiwan

i Loan

- United Kingdom

Vng Quc Anh

- United States (Imperial)

M ( dng n v o lng ca Anh-h inch)

- United States

M ( dng n v o lng h mt)

- Blank project
Blank project l mt mi trng thit k mc nh c sn khi ci t Tekla Structures,
mt mi trng thit k ch bao gm cc ni dung chung chung, chng hn nh l cc mt ct tit
din chung c cc tham s v kch thc v cc vt liu khng c ch r. V n c th c s
dng tp hp cc thit lp cc thng tin c th v mi trng thit k ca cc vng, cc cng ty
hoc cc d n. V d Vit Nam s dng rt nhiu tiu chun v vt liu ca nhiu nc nh Nht,
Nga, Trung Quc nn bn c th s dng mi trng thit k ny.
Bn c th s dng Tekla Warehouse ti v hoc ci t cc ni dung cho mi trng
Blank project. V d, bn c th ti hoc ci t cc tit din thp hnh, cc cp vt liu, cc loi
bu lng, cc loi thp ct ct b tng, cc thnh phn, cc cng c v cc mu t Tekla Warehouse
c trong tt c cc mi trng thit k ca Tekla Structures v cc b su tp c th ca cc nh
sn xut, v kt hp chng cho ph hp vi yu cu ca bn.
Bn c th ti hoc ci t cc ni dung t Tekla Warehouse hoc l trc khi bt u d
n ti th mc d n ca bn hoc th mc ca cng ty bn, hoc trong khi ang thc hin d n
ti th mc cha m hnh ca bn.
* Role:
Trong mt s mi trng lm vic, bn c th chn vai tr-Role m bn gi trong d n
ang c to ra hay m ra trong hp thoi thit lp cu hnh khi khi ng Tekla Structures.
Giao din lm vic ca phn mm Tekla Structures s ty bin ty theo vai tr m bn chn.
Danh sch lit k cc vai tr c th khc nhau ty thuc vo mi trng thit k m bn chn
trn, nhng thng thng th chng c th bao gm nhng vai tr nh sau y:
- All

Ton b

- Constractor

Nh thu

Chng I

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

- Management

Qun l

- Engineer/Engineering

K s

- Cast In Place/Precast Concrete

Thit k chi tit v b tng ti ch/c sn

- Rebar Detailer/Detailing

Thit k chi tit v thp ct b tng

- Steel Detailer

Thit k chi tit v kt cu thp

All l tng hp ca tt c cc vai tr.

* Configuration: Cu hnh
Giy php s dng Tekla Structures l mt s cho php kch hot v s dng mt s
cu hnh Tekla Structures nht nh. Mt cu hnh Tekla Structures bao gm mt tp hp cc
tnh nng m ngi dng c cho quyn s dng da trn cc tha thun cp php, v l mt
phn thng mi ca Tekla Structures.
Full l y cc tnh nng ca Tekla Structures.
1.2. Hp thoi Welcome to Tekla Structures
Sau khi bn bm vo nt OK trong hp thoi thit lp cu hnh trn, hp thoi Welcome
to Tekla Structures xut hin.

* Whats new in this release:

Bm vo nt cnh nhn ny bt hp thoi Help hin th nhng ci mi, nhng ci thay
i trong ln ban hnh phin bn ny ( phin bn 21).
* Getting started with Tekla Structures:
Bm vo nt cnh nhn ny bt hp thoi Help hin th nhng nhng bc gip bn
bt u lm quen vi phn mm Tekla Structures.
* Browse Tekla User Assistance:
Bm vo nt cnh nhn ny bt hp thoi Help hin th nhng tr gip bn tm hiu v
nhng tnh nng, nhng cng c ca phn mm Tekla Structures.
* Influence future development:
Bm vo nt cnh nhn ny bt hp thoi Tekla Structures Automatic User Feedback
Program. Bn s dng hp thoi ny tham gia vo chng trnh t ng phn hi ca ngi
dng Tekla Structures, mt chng trnh dng gip nh sn xut ci tin cho nhng phin bn
Tekla ban hnh sau ny.
* New model:
Chng I

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

Bm vo nt ny bt hp thoi New dng to ra mt d n mi.
* Open model:
Bm vo nt ny bt hp thoi Open dng m ra mt d n hin c trn my tnh
ca bn.
* Do not show this at startup:
Tch chn vo hp kim trc nhn ny nu bn mun nhng ln khi ng ln sau ca
phn mm Tekla Structures khng hin th hp thoi ny na.
1.3. Hp thoi New

* Save in:
D n mi c to ra s c lu vo trong th mc hin ang c chn trong hp chn
cnh nhn ny, th mc C:\TeklaStructuresModels\ l th mc mc nh do Tekla Structures to
ra. Hp chn ny cha cc th mc m bn tng t nht mt ln s dng lu t nht mt
trong cc d n mi c to ra ca bn. Bn c th s dng nt Browse a vo mt th mc
khc cha tng c s dng lu cc d n mi ca bn vo trong hp chn ny.
* Model name:
Bn nhp cho d n m bn ang to ra mt ci tn hoc chp nhn s dng ci tn mc
nh m Tekla Structures to ra trong hp nhp cnh nhn ny.
* Model template:
Chn mt m hnh mu hoc mt d n mu m bn c th s dng lm d n mi ca
bn trong hp chn cnh nhn ny.
None l khng s dng mu.
* Model type:
Chn ch lm vic cho d n mi ca bn trong hp chn cnh nhn ny.
- Single-user: Ch ch duy nht mt ngi dng. D n c lu tr trn my tnh ca
bn.
- Multi-user: Ch nhiu ngi dng. D n c lu tr trn mt my ch ti mt
thi im c th c nhiu ngi c th truy cp ti cng mt d n. s dng ch Multi-user,
mt my tnh trong h thng mng li ni b ( LAN) s c thit lp lm my ch chy phn
mm Tekla Structures Server.
- Serve name: Tn ca my ch, ch kch hot khi chn ch ca d n l Multi-user.
- OK. Bm nt OK th mt d n mi c to ra vi nhng thit lp trn.
1.4. Hp thoi Open
* Look in:

Chng I

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

Chn th mc cha cc d n m bn mun m ra trong hp chn cnh nhn ny, v hp
chn ny cha cc th mc m bn tng t nht mt ln s dng lu t nht mt trong cc
d n mi c to ra ca bn hoc t nht mt ln bn m mt d n hin c no c lu
trn my tnh ca bn bng hp thoi ny. Bn c th s dng nt Browse a vo mt th mc
khc cha tng c s dng lu cc d n mi ca bn hay cha tng c m ra vo trong
hp chn ny.

* Bng nm gia lit k tt c cc d n hin ang c trong th mc ang c chn

trong hp cnh nhn Look in.
- Model type: Ch lm vic ca d n.
- Models: Tn ca d n.
- Date modified: Ngy gi m d n c chnh sa v lu li.
- Version of Tekla Structures: Phin bn phn mm Tekla Structures m d n c
lu li.
- Designer: Tn ngi thit k (thit lp trong hp thoi Project Properties).
- Description: Miu t v d n (thit lp trong hp thoi Project Properties).
- Template: Tn ca d n mu hay m hnh mu m d n s dng ( chn hp thoi
New-xem phn 1.3 trn).
- Environmemt: Mi trng thit k ca d n ( chn hp thoi thit lp cu hnh- xem
phn 1.1 trn).

2. Giao din lm vic ca Tekla Structures

Hnh di y l giao din lm vic y nht ca phn mm Tekla Structures. N bao
gm nhng thnh phn chnh nh sau:

Chng I

Thanh trnh n chnh-Menu.

Cc thanh cng c-Toolbar.

Thanh cng c nh- Mini toolbar.

Thanh trng thi-Status bar.

Khung nhn-View.

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

1

2
2
3

2
4

2.1. Thanh cng c-Toolbar

Thanh cng c cha ng cc nt bm gip bn d dng truy cp ti mt s lnh c s
dng thng xuyn nht. Bn c th neo c nh cc thanh cng c cc cnh ca ca s phn
mm hoc chng tri ni bt c u trn mn hnh lm vic ca bn ( v d thanh cng c
Detailing).

* Hin th v n du thanh cng c

hin th hoc n du mt thanh cng c, thc hin cc bc sau:
1. Kch Tools/Toolbars trn thanh menu chnh.
2. Kch vo tn ca thanh cng c m bn mun n hin th hoc n i.
Nhng thanh cng c ang c hin th trong ca s phn mm c du kim trc
tn ca n.

Chng I

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

* Thay i kch thc ca thanh cng c
Bn c th thay i kch thc ca nhng thanh cng c ang tri ni trn mn hnh ca
bn. thay i kch thc ca mt thanh cng c tri ni, bn lm nh sau:
1. Di chuyn con tr chut ti mt trong cc cnh ca thanh cng c (tr cnh cha tiu
thanh cng c) cho n khi biu tng ca con tr chut thay i thnh biu tng mi tn c hai
u.

2. Kch chut v ko cnh ca thanh cng c t ti kch thc v hnh dng mong
mun.

3. Nh kch chut.
* Di chuyn mt thanh cng c
- di chuyn v tr ca mt thanh cng c ang c neo c nh trn cc cnh ca ca
s phn mm, kch vo phn nm gi nm pha ngoi cng bn tri hoc vng trng (khng
thuc nt) bn trn cnh y ca thanh cng c.
- di chuyn v tr ca mt thanh cng c ang tri ni trn mn hnh, kch vo thanh
cha tiu ca thanh cng c.
2.2. Thanh cng c nh-Mini Toolbar
Thanh cng c mini xut hin bn cnh v tr con tr chut khi bn kch chut vo mt i
tng thuc m hnh hoc bn v.

Thanh cng c mini cha ng cc lnh thay i cc c tnh thng thng nht ca
i tng. Bn c th ty chnh cc thanh cng c ny bng cch n cc lnh, v bng cch thm
cc macro v cc thuc tnh do ngi dng t nh ngha.
Nu c nhng c tnh m khng th sa i c trong cu hnh Tekla Structures hin
bn ang s dng, chng s c lm m i trong thanh cng c nh.
* Hin th v n du thanh cng c nh
hin th hoc n i thanh cng c nh, lm mt trong cc thao tc sau y:
- Kch Tools/Options/Mini Toolbar.
- Hoc s dng t hp phm tt l Ctrl + K.
* Thay i v tr v khong cch ca thanh cng c nh
Bn c th thay i v tr v khong cch tng i gia thanh cng c nh vi i tng
m bn kch chut. V d, bn c th cho n xut hin pha bn tri ca i tng.
Chng I
8

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

thay i v tr v khong cch ca thanh cng c nh, thc hin nh sau:
1. Di chuyn con tr chut ln trn thanh cng c nh hin th r n.
2. Nhn v gi phm tri chut. Biu tng ca con tr chut thay i thnh biu tng
mi tn c 4 u

3. Di chuyn con tr chut ti v tr mi v nh phm bm.

* Kha v tr ca thanh cng c nh
Bn c th neo c nh thanh cng c nh mt v tr c th no trn mn hnh, tc l
v tr ca n b kha. V d, bn c th n xut hin gc trn bn tri ca mn hnh. Trong
trng thi b kha, v tr ca thanh cng c nh c lp vi v tr ca i tng c kch.
kha v tr ca thanh cng c nh, thc hin nh sau:
1. Di chuyn con tr chut ln trn thanh cng c nh hin th r n.
2. Nhn v gi phm tri chut. Biu tng ca con tr chut thay i thnh biu tng
mi tn c 4 u

3. Di chuyn con tr chut ti v tr mi v nh phm bm.

4. Kch vo biu tng hnh ci inh ghim pha trn cng bn phi ca thanh cng c
nh kha v tr mi ca n. Biu tng ci ghim s thay i thnh khi v tr ca thanh cng
c nh b kha .
* Ty chnh thanh cng c nh
Bn c th ty chnh thanh cng c nh bng cch la chn nhng lnh no s hin th trn
hoc thm cc macro v cc thuc tnh do ngi dng nh ngha.
ty chnh thanh cng c nh, thc hin nh sau:
1. Di chuyn con tr chut ln trn thanh cng c nh hin th r n.
2. Kch vo biu tng pha trn cng bn phi ca thanh cng c nh m hp thoi
Customize Mini Toolbar. Hp thoi Customize Mini Toolbar xut hin.

3. La chn cc thnh phn m bn mun n hin th hoc n i trong hp chn di nhn

Choose which elements are visible. Khung nhn xem trc Preview bn phi s hin th cho bn
thy thanh cng c s trng nh th no v bn c th di chuyn con tr chut ln cc thnh
phn ca thanh cng c trong khung nhn ny bit tn ca n l g.
4. c cc marco v cc thuc tnh do ngi dng t nh ngha trong thanh cng c nh:
Chng I

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

+ La chn mt marco hoc mt thuc tnh do ngi dng t nh ngha trong hp
chn bn di nhn Add Macros and User defined attributes.
Ch : Bn ch c th thm c cc thuc tnh ngi dng t nh ngha c dng
chui-string. Bn c th tm thy cc loi thuc tnh ngi dng t nh ngha trong tp tin
objects.inp.
+ Bm vo nt Add to Mini Toolbar sau mi ln chn macro hoc thuc tnh do
ngi dng t nh ngha. Cc macro v cc thuc tnh do ngi dng t nh ngha sau
khi c thm vo s c lit k trong hp chn di nhn Choose which elements are
visible.
+ g b cc macro v cc thuc tnh do ngi dng t nh ngha khi thanh
cng c nh, b du tch chn ra khi hp kim trc tn ca n trong hp chn di
nhn Choose which elements are visible.
5. Bm nt OK.
2.3. Cc nt bm ph bin
Cc nt bm ph bin nm trn cng v di cng ca mt hp thoi c nh hng n
tt c cc tab c trong hp thoi . V d, khi bn bm nt Save trc khi ng hp thoi, Tekla
Structures lu tt c thng tin c trong tt c cc tab thuc hp thoi ti cc tp tin c ch
nh.
Bng sau y lit k mt s nt bm ph bin m c th nhn thy trong hu ht cc hp
thoi ca Tekla Structures.
Nt bm

Miu t
Gi nguyn cc thit lp hin c trong hp thoi m khng ng hp thoi. Tekla
Structures s dng cc thit lp ny cho cc ln tip theo khi bn to ra mt i
tng thuc loi ny.
ng hp thoi m khng gi nguyn cc thit lp trong hp thoi hoc cc i
tng c sa i.
To ra mt i tng mi m s dng cc thit lp hin c trong hp thoi.
in vo cc thit lp ca hp thoi bi cc c tnh ca i tng ang c
chn. Khi bn chn nhiu i tng, Tekla Structures s ly ngu nhin c tnh
ca mt trong cc i tng c chn.
Hin th tr gip cho hp thoi .
Ti tt c cc thit lp c lu trc ti hp thoi. Tekla Structures cng ti
cc thit lp ca cc hp thoi con, ngay c khi n khng c m ra.
Bn c th chn tn ca cc tp tin m mun s dng t danh sch lit k ca hp
chn cnh n.
Chnh sa cc i tng ang c chn bng cch s dng cc thit lp hin c
trong hp thoi, nhng khng gi nguyn cc thit lp ny trong hp thoi .
Gi nguyn cc thit lp hin c trong hp thoi v ng hp thoi li. Tekla
Structures s dng cc thit lp ny cho cc ln tip theo khi bn to ra mt i
tng thuc loi ny.

Chng I

10

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

Lu tr cc chnh sa v cc thit lp. Tekla Structures lu cc thit lp hin ti
vo trong tp tin c ti trong hp chn cnh nt Load.
Lu tr cc thit lp hin ti trong hp thoi thnh mt tp tin khc vi ci tn
c nhp trong hp nhp cnh nt Save as, v tp tin ny cng c cp nht vo
danh sch lit k trong hp chn cnh nt Load.
Tekla Structures lu tr cc tp tin thit lp ca hp thoi ln hp thoi con ca
n trong th mc cha d n. Bn ch c th xa cc tp tin thit lp bng th
cng, ngha l vo th mc cha n trong th mc cha d n v xa n i.
Bt hoc tt tt c cc hp kim c trong hp thoi.
* Lu cc thit lp hin c trong mt hp thoi
lu cc thit lp hin ang c trong mt hp thoi, thc hin cc bc sau:
1. Trong hp thoi, nhp hay chnh sa cc thit lp m bn mun lu li.
2. Trong hp nhp bn cnh nt Save as, g mt ci tn cho tp tin lu tr cc thit lp .
3. Bm vo nt Save as.
Lu : ghi ln mt tp tin hin c bm nt Save, Tekla Structures s lu cc thit
lp hin ti ln trn tp tin ang c ti trong hp chn cnh nt Load.
* Ti tp tin thit lp cc thuc tnh ca hp thoi
ti cc thit lp trc c lu trong mt tp tin thit lp vo trong hp thoi,
thc hin cc bc sau:
1. Trong danh sch lit k tn cc tp tin trong hp chn cnh nt Load, chn tn tp tin
m bn mun ti.
2. Bm nt Load.
2.4. Ch dn cho cng c-Tooltips
Khi bn dng con tr chut trn mt nt bm no ca thanh cng c, mt ch dn cho cng
c-Tooltip xut hin. Tekla Structures c 3 kiu Tooltip.
* Tooltip c bn
Cc Tooltip c bn ch hin th mi tn ca nt bm ( hoc lnh). Nu Tooltip nng cao
c bt th Tooltip c bn s khng hin th.

* Tooltip nng cao

Chng I

11

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

Cc Tooltip nng cao cung cp thm cc thng tin v nt bm ( hoc lnh) v cch thc
m n s c thc thi. Chng cng a ra cc v d, gi v li khuyn.
Trn c s cc thng tin c trong Tooltip nng cao, bn c th quyt nh y liu c phi
l lnh m bn cn cho hnh ng hin ti ca bn.
bt hoc tt cc Tooltip nng cao, kch chn Tools/Options/Enhanced Tooltips trn
thanh menu chnh. Theo mc nh Tooltip nng cao lun c bt.
* Tooltip ca menu
Tooltips ca menu cung cp cc chc nng tng t nh cc Tooltips nng cao, nhng l
dnh cho cc lnh nm trn menu. Cc Tooltip ca menu c hin th trong mt ca s ring bit,
m bn c th ko v th vo bt k v tr no trn mn hnh. hin th Tooltip menu ca mt
lnh trn trnh n, di chuyn con tr chut ln trn lnh .

bt hoc tt cc Tooltip ca menu, kch chn Tools/Options/Menu Tooltips trn thanh

menu chnh.
2.5. Thanh trng thi-Status bar
Tekla Structures th hin cc thng tin v thng bo trn thanh trng thi nm pha
di cng ca ca s phn mm.
Thc hin theo cc hng dn trn thanh trng thi khi bn s dng cc lnh. V d, khi
bn ang to ra mt cm cu kin (b phn), lun lun kim tra thanh trng thi khi Tekla
Structures s nhc nh bn v cc thao tc tip theo.
1

Cc thng tin v cc thng bo li

Trng thi ca Smart Select (S) v Drag and Drop (D)

Cp trong lp t hoc h thng phn cp ca thnh phn (Component)

Ch ca phm gia ca con tr chut (Pan hoc Scroll)

Giai on hin ti

S lng cc i tng c chn v x l

Lu : xem lch s cc thng bo trn thanh trng thi, kch chn

Tool/Toolbars/Message Panel trn thanh menu chnh. Mt bng thng bo xut hin pha di
cng ca ca s phn mm.
Chng I
12

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

2.6. Cc thng ip cnh bo
Tekla Structures s hin th cc thng ip cnh bo khi cn thit, v d khi bn ang nh
di chuyn cc i tng ra ngoi khu vc (hoc vng) lm vic (work area).

ngn chn Tekla Structures hin th thng ip cnh bo mt ln na, tch chn vo
hp kim trc nhn Do not show this message again.
hin th li thng ip cnh bo ny, nhn phm Shift khi thng ip cnh bo d kin
s xut hin. V d khi bn ang nh di chuyn cc i tng ra ngoi khu vc lm vic bng lnh
Edit/Move Special/Linear trn thanh menu chnh, trc khi bm nt Move trong hp thoi MoveLinear hy nhn v gi phm Shift.
2.7. Ty bin giao din lm vic
Mt khi bn quen thuc vi giao din lm vic ca Tekla Strutures, bn c th ty bin
n ph hp nhu cu s dng ca bn hn. Bn c th to ra cc thanh cng c, cc trnh n v
cc phm tt ca ring bn m cha ng nhng lnh bn thng xuyn s dng.
* To ra thanh cng c ca ring bn
Bn c th to ra cc thanh cng c cho ring bn m chng bao gm nhng lnh m bn
s dng thng xuyn. Nhng thanh cng m bn to ra ch dnh cho ring bn, iu ngha l
nu mt ai cng m ra d n ca bn nhng s khng nhn thy nhng thanh cng c ca bn.
Bn c th to ra rt nhiu thanh cng c nu thy cn thit.
Cnh bo: Khng chnh sa cc thanh cng c hin c. Thay vo hy to ra cc thanh
cng c mi.
Lu : Lun to v chnh sa cc thanh cng c cha cc lnh v trong ch Modeling (
m hnh ha). Nu bn to v chnh sa cc thanh cng c trong ch Drawing ( v), cc thanh
cng c mi v thanh cng b b thay i s khng c lu li.
+ Ch Modeling c s dng to ra v phn tch mt m hnh, v bt u
to ra cc bn v v bo co.
+ Ch Drawing c s dng chnh sa s xut hin v ni dung ca bn v.
Tekla Structures chuyn sang ch Drawing khi ngi dng m bt k bn v no .
Thc hin cc bc sau to ra:
1. Trong ch Modeling, kch Tools/Customize trn thanh menu chnh m hp thoi
Customize.

Chng I

13

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

2. Trong tab Toolbars, bm nt New
Mt thanh cng c mi c tn l UserToolbar1 xut hin trong cy th mc bn di tab
Toolbars. Bn c th i li tn ca thanh cng c ny bng cch kch vo n ri bm phm F2,
v sau g cho n mt ci tn mi.

3. thm cc lnh ti thanh cng c mi ny, la chn mt lnh c lit k trong hp

chn pha bn tri v sau bm vo nt c hnh mi tn hng sang phi

Nu bn khng tm thy cc lnh m bn mun a vo thanh cng c mi, s dng

danh sch trong hp chn cnh nhn Category chn ra cc nhm lnh v s dng hp nhp
cnh nhn Filter tm kim cc lnh cn.
+ S dng nt bm hnh mi tn quay sang tri
cng c.
+ S dng nt bm hnh mi tn ln
v xung
hoc xung trong mt thanh cng c trong cy th mc.
+ S dng nt bm hnh gch ngang
ca lnh ang c chn.

g b cc lnh ra khi mt thanh

di chuyn v tr ca mt lnh ln

thm mt on thng ngn cch vi pha di

+ S dng nt Delete xa mt lnh hoc ton b mt thanh cng c.

+ S dng nt Reset khi phc tr v trng thi ban u ca mt thanh cng c.
4. Thit s hin th ca mt thanh cng c bng cch tch chn vo hp kim trc nhn
Visible.
Tekla Structures s dng biu tng con mt
hoc con mt b gch cho
cho
bit rng mt thanh c ang c nhn thy hoc khng c nhn thy trong giao din lm vic.
5. Sau khi hon thnh vic thm cc lnh cn thit ti mt hoc nhiu thanh cng c mi,
bm nt Close ng hp thoi.
* To ra trnh n ca ring bn
Bn c th to ra trnh n ca ring bn m cha ng cc lnh bn thng xuyn s
dng. Bn ch c th to ra duy nht mt trnh n ty chnh v trnh n lun c gi l User.
Lu : Lun to v chnh sa trnh n User trong ch Modeling ( m hnh ha). Nu
bn to v chnh sa trnh n User trong ch Drawing ( v) th trnh n User to mi hoc
b chnh sa s khng c lu li.
Thc hin cc bc sau to ra:
1. Trong ch Modeling, kch Tools/Customize trn thanh menu chnh m hp thoi
Customize.
2. Kch vo tab Menu.

Chng I

14

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

3. thm cc lnh ti trnh n User mi ny, la chn mt lnh c lit k trong hp
chn pha bn tri v sau bm vo nt c hnh mi tn hng sang phi

Nu bn khng tm thy cc lnh m bn mun a vo trnh n mi, s dng danh

sch trong hp chn cnh nhn Category chn ra cc nhm lnh v s dng hp nhp cnh
nhn Filter tm kim cc lnh cn.
4. chnh sa trnh n User, thc hin cc thao tc sau y:
+ S dng nt bm hnh mi tn quay sang tri

g b cc lnh ra khi trnh n

User.
+ S dng nt bm hnh mi tn ln
hoc xung trong trnh n.

v xung

di chuyn v tr ca mt lnh ln

+ S dng nt bm hnh gch ngang

ca lnh ang c chn.

thm mt on thng ngn cch vi pha di

5. Sau khi hon thnh vic thm cc lnh cn thit ti trnh n User, bm nt Close
ng hp thoi.
6. Khi ng li Tekla Structures kch hot menu mi.
Tn ca menu mi lun l User.
* Gn mt phm tt cho mt lnh
Ngoi rt nhiu nhng phm tt c sn trong Tekla Structures, bn c th to ra cc phm
tt ca ring bn. Nu bn thng xuyn s dng mt s lnh no , hy gn cc phm tt cho
chng. Vic s dng cc phm tt nhanh hn vic s dng cc lnh ( hoc nt bm) trn cc thanh
cng c hoc trn cc trnh n.
Lu : Trc khi bn c th gn mt phm tt ti mt lnh, bn cn phi to ra mt menu
ty chnh User.
Thc hin cc bc sau gn mt phm tt cho mt lnh:
1. Trong ch Modeling, kch Tools/Customize trn thanh menu chnh m hp thoi
Customize.
2. La chn mt lnh t c lit k trong hp chn pha bn tri.
- S dng hp chn cnh nhn Catelory la chn cc nhm lnh.
- S dng hp nhp cnh nhn Filter tm kim cc lnh.
3. gn mt phm tt cho mt lnh, s dng hp nhp v hp chn bn cnh nhn
Shortcut.
- Nu mun dng t hp phm tt ( v d Ctrl + K) chn Ctrl trong hp chn ngay bn
cnh nhn Shortcut v sau g K trong hp nhp k bn.
- Nu ch mun dng mi phm tt ( v d K), ch g K trong hp nhp.
- Nhng phm sau y thuc bn phm c coi l hp l khi s dng lm phm tt:
+ T A ti Z.
+ T 0 n 9.
+ T F1 n F24.
+ Phm mi tn sang tri, sang phi, ln v xung.
+ Backspace, Enter, Esc, Tab.
+ Insert, Delete, Home, End, Page Up, Page Down.
Chng I

15

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

+ T 0 n 9, nhng phm thuc phn m rng bn tay phi.
+ Phm nhn (*), chia (/), cng (+), tr (-) v du phy (,)thuc phn m rng bn tay
phi.
4. kch hot phm tt mi ny, thm lnh c gn phm tt ti menu ty chnh User.
5. Bm nt Close ng hp thoi.
6. Khi ng li Tekla Structures nhng thay i ny nh hng n phn mm.
* Thay i kch c ca cc nt bm thuc cc thanh cng c
Theo mc nh, kch c ca cc nt bm ( lnh) trn cc thanh cng c l 16x16 pixel. Nu
nhng nt bm ny nhn qu nh, bn c th thay i kch c ca chng ln 24x24 pixel.
thay i kch c ca cc nt bm thuc cc thanh cng c, thc hin nh sau:
1. Trong ch Modeling, kch Tools/Customize trn thanh menu chnh m hp thoi
Customize.
2. Tch chn vo hp kim trc nhn Large icons.
Kch c ca cc nt bm s thay i.
3. Bm nt Close ng hp thoi.

3. S dng cc lnh
Phn ny gii thch lm th no chy, lp li v kt thc cc lnh. Lu rng bn c th
s dng mt s lnh ca Tekla Structures cng mt lc. V d, bn c th s dng cc lnh Zoom
trong khi to cc i tng.
3.1. Chy mt lnh
chy mt lnh trong Tekla Structures, thc hin mt trong cc hnh ng sau:
- Kch vo nt bm ( lnh) m bn mun chy trn thanh cng c.
V d: Kch vo nt bm

trn thanh cng c Steel to ra cc bu lng.

- Kch vo tn ca mt trnh n v sau la chn lnh.

V d: Kch Detailing/Bolts/Create Bolts trn menu chnh.
- Kch chut phi m mt menu ng cnh v sau chn mt lnh trn . Khi bn kch
chut phi ln trn mt i tng, trn menu ng cnh xut hin cc lnh c lin quan n i
tng .
Lnh chy cho n khi bn kt thc n hoc khi s dng lnh khc.
bit thm cc thng tin v cch s dng ca mi lnh, di chuyn con chut ln trn mt
nt bm lnh. Mt tooltip nng cao tng ng xut hin trn mn hnh.
3.2. Lp li mt lnh
lp li lnh cui cng m bn va s dng trc , thc hin mt trong cc hnh ng
sau y:
- Kch Edit/Repeat Last Command trn menu chnh.
- Nhn phm Enter.
3.3. Kt thc mt lnh
hy b hoc kt thc mt lnh, thc hin mt trong cc hnh ng sau y:
- Kch Edit/Interrupt trn menu chnh.
Chng I

16

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

- Kch chut phi v chn Interrupt t menu ng cnh.
- Nhn phm Esc.
3.4. Hon tc mt lnh
Bn c th hon tc (Undo) cc lnh v cc hnh ng m bn thc hin trc trong
Tekla Tructures. Hon tc (Undo) dng quay tr li, khi phc li cc trng thi, thao tc
thc hin trc . Bn c th hon tc tt c cc hnh ng k t ln lu li (save) gn y nht
i vi d n hin ang c m ra.
hon tc mt lnh, thc hin mt trong cc cch sau
- Kch nt bm

trn thanh cng c General.

- Kch Edit/Undo trn menu chnh.

- T hp phm Ctrl+Z.
Hn ch: Bn khng th hon cc cc lnh v khung nhn ( v d cc lnh Zoom).
3.5. Lm li mt lnh
Bn c th lm li (Redo) cc lnh v cc hnh ng m bn hon tc trc . Lm li
dng quay tr li, khi phc li cc trng thi, thao tc trc khi thc hin mt lnh Undo.
Trc khi bn c th Redo bt c th g, bn phi s dng lnh Undo t nht mt ln. Bn c th
hon tc tt c cc hnh ng k t ln thc hin lnh Undo hoc lu li (save) gn y nht i
vi d n hin ang c m ra.
hon tc mt lnh, thc hin mt trong cc cch sau
- Kch nt bm

trn thanh cng c General.

- Kch Edit/Redo trn menu chnh.

- T hp phm Ctrl+Y.
Hn ch: Bn khng th Redo cc cc lnh v khung nhn ( v d cc lnh Zoom).
Cc lnh thc hin

Trng thi hin thi

Cc trng thi
3.6. Cc phm tt cho cc lnh ph bin
Lnh
Help
Create new model
Open model
Save model
Chng I

Phm tt
F1
Ctrl+N
Ctrl+O
Ctrl+S
17

Tekla Structures v.21 by Kienking@Gmail.com

Delete
Properties
Undo
Redo
Interrupt
Repeat Last Commnad
n hoc hin Mini Toolbar

Chng I

Del
Alt+Enter
Ctrl+Z
Ctrl+Y
Esc
Enter
Ctrl+K

18