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Nhn nh v LS719
Tng Kt Thit Hi
Vi tun sau khi tuyn b Hnh Qun LS719 kt thc, B T
Lnh MACV v B Tng Tham Mu VNCH ng tuyn b chung
s thit hi ca hai qun lc tham d cuc hnh qun ln nht
trong chin tranh Vit Nam. Theo bn tng kt chnh thc, pha
VNCH c 1.529 cht; 5.423 b thng; v 651 mt tch tng
ng 21% thng vong trong tng s qun tham chin. Pha Hoa
K c 174 cht; 1.027 b thng; v 42 mt tch. Ti liu c
lng pha QND c 16.224 cht; 81 b bt; v bn u hng.[1]
V v kh, VNCH mt 111 chin xa M-41 v M-113; 90 i bc;
v hn 70 qun xa a dng lai (trng c 34 xe i t). Pha
QND mt (b thch thu hay ph hy) 308 i bc phng khng;
48 i bc; 223 sng ci; 207 sng ha tin 122 ly; 106 chin xa;
v 291 xe vn ti.
Trong khi nhng con s thng vong v thit hi v v kh c th
tranh ci c, iu khng th tranh ci l s thit hi ca i bn
trong trn chin vt xa nhng thit hi hai bn chu t trc
n thi im .
Trn H Lo em li cho chin thut gia qun s nhng thc
nghim m trc y ch l l thuyt: Trn H Lo cho thy kh
nng v gii hn ca chin thut trc thng vn; kh nng
v gii hn ca ha lc ca nhng i i trc thng xung kch; v
s kh thi ca cn c ha lc trong a th ni cao vi rng gi
bao ph nh H Lo. Trong cuc HQ LS719, cc n v phng
khng ca QND chu thit nng chin trng. Nhng ngc
li, Hoa K phi tr mt gi tht cao mua nhng thit hi .
Phng khng ca QND bn ri 108 trc thng v bn h 618
chic khc. Theo c lng ca Lc Qun Hoa K, 20% trong
618 trc thng h s b ph thy. Nh vy, Lc Qun M b ri
213 chic (s thit hi ny k lun by phi c phn lc ca Khng
Ch Thch
[1] BTTM VNCH cng b s thng vong ngy 11 thng 4; Mt
bn tng kt khc, ghi ngy 9 thng 4 cho con s: 1.843 cht;
5.019 b thng; v 609 mt tch. So snh hai bn, chng ta c th
suy lun s 5.423 qun b thng sau cht t nhng vt thng,
lm thay i s t thng hai bn. Ngy 5 thng 4, BTL MACV
cng b vi bo ch thit hi nh sau: VNCH, cht 1.146; thng
4.236; mt tch 246. Pha Hoa K c: cht 102; thng 215; mt
tch 53. Nguyn Duy Hinh, sd, tr. 128. Tuy nhin, bo co hnh
qun ca Qun on XXIV, s thng vong ca M l, cht 219;
b thng, 948; mt tch 38. S t thng bn QND c c
lng t 13.000 n 16.224. Lewis Sorley, sd, tr. 635. Con s
16.224 n t tin tc tnh bo khi ng u.
[2] S trc thng thit hi c bn tho ngy 27 thng 3 BTL
MACV. Lewis Sorley, The Abrams Tapes, tr. 577; i Tng
Bruce Palmer, The 25-Year War, tr. 113. Ch thuyt trc thng vn
b tn thng v B Quc Phng ra lnh BTL Lc Qun Hoa K
iu tra v tr li ti sao trc thng b thit hi nhiu trong trn
LS719. Ti liu cho thy Ng Gic i gi MACV, yu cu cung
cp ti liu v thit hi trc thng vi thi khn trng.
Thng vn, ARV 1276, 100900Z APR 71. Thiu Tng Gettys
(tham mu trung Lc Qun Hoa K, Vit Nam) gi Thiu Tng
Tarpley (t lnh S101ND).
[3] Trong trn A Shau thng 9-1968, M rt khong 40 trc thng,
v l thit hi ln nht v trc thng cho n khi c LS719.
[4] Theo Nguyn Duy Hinh, sd, tr. 134. Trc thng bay tt c
164.442 phi v nu tnh thm 73.802 phi v ym tr cho cc n
v M. S phi v trc thng c tnh t ngy 30 thng 1 n 6
thng 4-1971. S phi v ring cho mt trn H Lo l 45.828 phi
v. Joint Chiefs of Staff and the War in Vietnam, tr. 449.
[5] Carl Berger, ed., The U.S.A.F. in Southeast Asia, 1961-1973, tr.
n v ca h trng hp ny xy ra vi ba s on VNCH v
S101ND M.
Trong hn ba tun u hnh qun, h thng ch huy v iu khin
HQ LS719 ri rc v xa nhau trong ngha tm l v vt l: BTL
QXXIV ng Nng v c BTL tin phng ng Qung
Tr; BTL QI ng Hu v c BTL tin phng ng H, v
BCH chin thut tin phng Khe Sanh (QI c hai BTL/ BCH
tin phng. Gi l B Ch Huy thay v BTL, v Khe Sanh
khng c s quan cp tng i din cho QI.) ti Qung Tr,
ng chung vi BTL tin phng ca QI l BTL tin phng
ca QXXIV. BTL tin phng M-Vit Qung Tr l ni nhn
v tha mn nhu cu ca BCH tin phng Khe Sanh. C ngha l
s quan ph trch ym tr Qung Tr c quyn chn la nhng
yu cu n t Khe Sanh. l v iu khin. V ch huy, th hnh
nh khng ai ch huy ai: QXXIV ch c nhim v ym tr qun
nhu qun dng cho HQ LS719; ym tr pho binh; trc thng; v
bo v an ninh an ng t ng H v Lao Bo; S101ND,
vi L on 1 Khng Vn, c nhip v cung cp trc thng cho
ba s on VNCH. Nh vy, mnh ai ny lm theo nhim v
giao v h khng quan tm n nhim v ca BTL khc.
Khng Qun Chin Thut v Chin Lc Hoa K c i din lin
lc thng vi tng Lm, v ch thi hnh qua yu cu ca tng
Lm.
Vi h thng ch huy v iu khin nh trn, h thng iu khin
phi qua nhiu BTL tin phng, i khi trng thm quyn nhau,
tn nhiu s quan, nhng khng c s quan cp tng c th
quyt nh ti ch. Yu cu ca mt trn n Khe Sanh, ri v
Qung Tr. Qung Tr a yu cu v BTL Hu (QI) v
Nng (QXXIV). T hai BTL , yu cu (nu khng gii quyt
c) li phi v hai BTL MACV v USARV. V nhng BTL
nm rt xa nhau v khong cch. n ngy 1 thng 3, mt BTL
hn hp tin phng Hoa K thit lp ti Khe Sanh. C mt ti
Khe Sanh l nhng s quan cp tng i din cho t lnh ca h