CHUYN 2: BNG TUN HON V NH LUT TUN HON

DNG 1: T CU HNH ELECTRON CA NGUYN T V TR TRONG BTH

Cu 71: Nguyn t A c Z = 18,v tr ca A trong bng tun hon l:
A. chu k 3, phn nhm VIB
B. chu k 3, phn nhm VIIIA
C. chu k 3, phn nhm VIA
D. chu k 3, phn nhm VIIIB
Cu 72: Nguyn t R c Z = 25,v tr ca R trong bng tun hon l:
A. chu k 4, phn nhm VIIA
B. chu k 4, phn nhm VB
C. chu k 4, phn nhm IIA
D. chu k 4, phn nhm VIIB
Cu 73: Nguyn t A c mc nng lng ngoi cng l 3p 5. Ngt B c mc nng lng ngoi cng 4s 2. Xc nh v
tr ca A, B trong BTH ?
Cu 74: Xc nh v tr ca cc ngt c mc nng lng ngoi cng l :
A. 3s23p5
B. 3d104p6
C. 4s23d3
D. 4s23d10
E. 4s23d8
1
2
1
Cu 75: Cho 3 nguyn t A, M, X c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng (n = 3) tng ng l ns , ns np , ns2 np5. Pht
biu no sau y sai ?
A. A, M, X ln lt l cc th 11, 13 v 17 ca bng tun hon.
B. A, M, X u thuc chu k 3 ca bng tun hon.
C. A, M, X thuc nhm IA, IIIA v VIIA ca bng tun hon.
D. Trong ba nguyn t, ch c X to c hp cht vi hiro.
Cu 76: Anion X3- c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s23p6. V tr ca X trong BTH l:
A. th 15, chu k 3, phn nhm VA
B. th 16, chu k 2, phn nhm VA
C. th 17, chu k 3, phn nhm VIIA
D. th 21, chu k 4, phn nhm IIIB
Cu 77: Ion X2+ c cu hnh electron 1s22s22p6. V tr ca X trong bng tun hon (chu k, nhm) l
A. Chu k 3, nhm IIA
B. Chu k 2, nhm VIA
C. Chu k 2, nhm VIIA
D. Chu k 3, nhm IA

2
2
6
2
6
Cu 78: Ion Y c cu hnh electron 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p . V tr ca Y trong bng tun hon (chu k, nhm) l
A. Chu k 3, nhm VIIA
B. Chu k 3, nhm VIA
C. Chu k 4, nhm IA
D. Chu k 4, nhm IIA
Cu 79: Cation X+ v anion Y2- u c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s 23p6. V tr ca cc nguyn t trong BTH
l:
A. X c STT 19, chu k 4, nhm IA; Y c STT 17, chu k 3, nhm VIIA
B. X c STT 18, chu k 3, nhm VIIIA; Y c STT 17, chu k 3, nhm VIIA
C. X c STT 19, chu k 4, nhm IA; Y c STT 16, chu k 3, nhm VIA
D. X c STT 18, chu k 3, nhm VIIIA; Y c STT 16, chu k 3, nhm VIA
Cu 80: Nguyn t Y c Z = 22.
a.
Vit cu hnh electron ngt Y, xc nh v tr ca Y trong BTH ?
b.
Vit cu hnh electron ca Y2+; Y4+ ?
Cu 81: Ngt A chu k 5, nhm IA, nguyn t B c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 4p 5.
a.
Vit cu hnh electron ca A, B ?
b.
Xc nh cu to ngt, v tr ca ngt B ?
c.
Gi tn A, B v cho bit A, B l kim loi, phi kim hay kh him ?

DNG 2: XC NH 2 NGUYN T K TIP TRONG CNG 1 CHU K HOC CNG NHM

Cu 82: A, B l 2 nguyn t thuc cng 1 phn nhm v thuc 2 chu k lin tip trong BTH. Bit Z A + ZB = 32. S
proton trong nguyn t ca A, B ln lt l:
A. 7, 25
B. 12, 20
C. 15, 17
D. 8, 14
Cu 83: A, B l 2 nguyn t thuc cng 1 phn nhm v thuc 2 chu k lin tip trong BTH. Tng s proton trong ht
nhn 2 nguyn t l 30. A, B l nguyn t no sau y?
A. Li v Na
B. Na v K
C. Mg v Ca
D. Be v Mg
Cu 84: A va B la hai nguyen to thuoc cung mot phan nhom chnh va hai chu
ky nho lien tiep trong he thong tuan hoan. Tong so p cua chung la 32. Xac
nh so hieu nguyen t va viet cau hnh e cua A, B.
Cu 85: A va B la hai nguyen to thuoc cung mot phan nhom chnh va hai chu
ky lien tiep trong he thong tuan hoan. Tong so ien tch hat nhan cua chung
la 24. Tm so hieu nguyen t va viet cau hnh e cua A, B.
Cu 86: A va B la hai nguyen to ng ke tiep nhau mot chu ky trong he thong
tuan hoan. Tong so p cua chung la 25. Xac nh so hieu nguyen t va viet
cau hnh e cua A, B.
Cu 87: C va D la hai nguyen to ng ke tiep nhau mot chu ky trong he thong
tuan hoan. Tong so khoi cua chung la 51. So ntron cua D ln hn C la 2 hat.
Trong nguyen t C, so electron bang vi so ntron. Xac nh v tr va viet cau
hnh e cua C, D.

DNG 3: XC NH NGUYN T DA VO PHN TRM KHI LNG

Cu 88: Ngt X c ho tr 1 trong hp cht kh vi hiro. Trong hp cht oxit cao nht X chim 38,8% khi lng.
Cng thc oxit cao nht, hiroxit tng nga ca X l :
A. F2O7, HF
B. Cl2O7, HClO4
C. Br2O7, HBrO4
D. Cl2O7, HCl
Cu 89: Hp cht kh vi hidro ca ngt c cng thc RH4, oxit cao nht c 72,73% oxi theo khi lng, R l :
A. C
B. Si
C. Ge
D. Sn
Cu 90: Oxit cao nht ca ngt R l RO3. Hp cht kh ca R vi hiro c 5,88 % hiro v khi lng. Tm R.
Cu 91: Oxit cao nht ca R l R2O5. Trong hp cht kh vi hiro, R chim 82,35 % v khi lng. Tm R.
Cu 92: Hp cht kh vi hiro ca ngt R l RH4. Trong oxit cao nht ca R c 53,3 % oxi v khi lng. Tm R.
Cu 93: Hp cht kh vi hiro ca ngt R l RH2. Trong oxit cao nht, t l khi lng gia R v oxi l 2 : 3. Tm R.

DNG 4: XC NH NGUYN T DA VO PHN NG HA HC

Cu 94: Cho 4,4 g hn hp 2 kim loi kim th k cn nhau td vi dd HCl d cho 3,36 lt kh H 2(ktc). Hai kim loi
l:
A. Ca, Sr
B. Be, Mg
C. Mg, Ca
D. Sr, Ba
Cu 95: Cho 34,25 gam mt kim loi M( ha tr II) tc dng vi dd HCl d thu c 6,16 lt H 2 ( 27,3oC, 1atm). M
l:
A. Be
B. Ca
C. Mg
D.
Ba
Cu 96: Ho tan hn hp gm 2 kim loi kim k tip nhau vo nc c dd X v 336 ml kh H 2(ktc). Cho HCl d
vo dd X v c cn thu c 2,075 g mui khan. Hai kim loi kim l:
A. Li, Na
B. Na, K
C. K, Rb
D. Rb, Cs
Cu 97: Ho tan hon ton 6,9081 g hn hp mui cacbonat ca 2 kim loi k tip nhau trong nhm IIA vo dd HCl
thu c 1,68 lt CO2 (ktc). Hai kim loi l:
A. Ca, Sr
B. Be, Mg
C. Mg, Ca
D. Sr, Ba
Cu 98: Cho 10,80 g hn hp 2 mui cacbonat ca 2 kim loi k tip nhau trong nhm IIA tc dng vi dd H 2SO4
long d. Cht kh thu c cho hp th hon ton vo dd Ba(OH) 2 d th thu c 23,64 g kt ta. Cng thc 2 mui
l:
A. BeCO3 v MgCO3
B. MgCO3 v CaCO3
C. CaCO3 v SrCO3
D. SrCO3 v BaCO3
Cu 99: Cho 10 (g) mt kim loi A ha tr II tc dng ht vi nc thu c 5,6 (l) kh H 2 (kc). Tm tn kim loi .
Cu 100: Cho 17 g mt oxit kim loi A ( nhm III) vo dd H 2SO4 va , thu c 57 g mui. Xc nh kim loi A?
Tnh khi lng dd H2SO4 10% dng ?
Cu 101: Cho 0,72 (g) mt kim loi M ha tr II tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl d th thu c 672 (ml) kh H 2
(kc). Xc nh tn kim loi .
Cu 102: Ha tan hon ton 6,85 (g) mt kim loi kim th R bng 200 (ml) dung dch HCl 2 (M). Nu trung ha
lng axit cn 100 (ml) dung dch NaOH 3 (M). Xc nh tn kim loi trn.
Cu 103: Cho 0,88 g hn hp 2 kim loi X, Y ( nhm IIA ), 2 chu k lin tip tc dng vi dd H 2SO4 long thu c
672 ml kh (ktc) v m gam mui khan.
a. Xc nh 2 kim loi X, Y ?
b. Tnh m gam mui khan thu c ?
Cu 104: Cho 11,2 g hn hp 2 kloi kim A, B 2 chu k lin tip vo dd 200 ml H 2O c 4,48 lt kh (ktc) v dd
E.
a. Xc nh A, B ?
b. Tnh C% cc cht trong dd E ?
c. trung ho dd E trn cn bao nhiu ml dd H2SO4 1M ?
Cu 105: Nu ha tan hon ton 1,16 (g) mt hiroxit kim loi R ha tr II cn dng 1,46 (g) HCl.
a. Xc nh tn kim loi R, cng thc hiroxit.
b. Vit cu hnh e ca R bit R c s p bng s n.
Cu 106: Ha tan 20,2 (g) hn hp 2 kim loi nm hai chu k lin tip thuc phn nhm chnh nhm I vo nc thu
c 6,72 (l) kh (kc) vo dung dch A.
a. Tm tn hai kim loi.
b. Tnh th tch dung dch H2SO4 2 (M) cn dng trung ha dung dch A.

DNG 5: SO SNH TNH CHT CA 1 NGUYN T VI CC NGT LN CN

Cu 107: Trong chu k, t tri sang phi, theo chiu in tch ht nhn tng dn:
A.Tnh KL tng, tnh PK gim
B. Tnh KL gim, tnh PK tng
C.Tnh KL tng, tnh PK tng
D.Tnh KL gim, tnh PK gim
Cu 108: Trong 1 chu k, i t tri sang phi, theo chiu Z tng dn, bn knh nguyn t:
A.Tng dn
B. Gim dn
C. Khng i
D. Khng xc nh
Cu 109: Bn knh nguyn t cc nguyn t : Na, Li, Be, B. Xp theo chiu tng dn l:
A. B < Be < Li < Na
B. Na < Li < Be < B
C. Li < Be < B < Na
D. Be < Li < Na < B
Cu 110: m in ca cc nguyn t : Na, Mg, Al, Si. Xp theo chiu tng dn l:
A. Na < Mg < Al < Si
B. Si < Al < Mg < Na
C. Si < Mg < Al < Na
D. Al < Na < Si <
Mg
Cu 111: m in ca cc nguyn t : F, Cl, Br, I .Xp theo chiu gim dn l:
A. F > Cl > Br > I
B. I> Br > Cl> F
C. Cl> F > I > Br
D. I > Br> F > Cl

Cu 112: Cc nguyn t C, Si, Na, Mg c xp theo th t nng lng ion ho th nht gim dn l :
A. C, Mg, Si, Na
B. Si, C, Na, Mg
C. Si, C, Mg, Na
D. C, Si, Mg, Na
Cu 113: Tnh kim loi gim dn trong dy :
A. Al, B, Mg, C
B. Mg, Al, B, C
C. B, Mg, Al, C
D. Mg, B, Al, C
Cu 114: Tnh phi kim tng dn trong dy :
A. P, S, O, F
B. O, S, P, F
C. O, F, P, S
D. F, O, S, P
Cu 115: Tnh kim loi tng dn trong dy :
A. Ca, K, Al, Mg
B. Al, Mg, Ca, K
C. K, Mg, Al, Ca
D. Al, Mg, K, Ca
Cu 116: Tnh phi kim gim dn trong dy :
A. C, O, Si, N
B. Si, C, O, N
C. O, N, C, Si
D. C, Si, N, O
Cu 117: Tnh baz tng dn trong dy :
A. Al(OH)3 ; Ba(OH)2; Mg(OH)2
B. Ba(OH)2; Mg(OH)2; Al(OH)3
C. Mg(OH)2; Ba(OH)2; Al(OH)3
D. Al(OH)3; Mg(OH)2; Ba(OH)2
Cu 118: Tnh axit tng dn trong dy :
A. H3PO4; H2SO4; H3AsO4
B. H2SO4; H3AsO4; H3PO4
C. H3PO4; H3AsO4; H2SO4
D. H3AsO4; H3PO4 ;H2SO4
Cu 119: Tnh baz tng dn trong dy :
A. K2O; Al2O3; MgO; CaO
B. Al2O3; MgO; CaO; K2O
C. MgO; CaO; Al2O3; K2O
D. CaO; Al2O3; K2O; MgO
Cu 120: Ion no c bn knh nh nht trong cc ion sau:
A. Li+
B. K+
C. Be2+
D. Mg2+
Cu 121: Bn knh ion no ln nht trong cc ion sau :
A. S2B. ClC. K+
D. Ca2+
Cu 122: Cc ion c bn knh gim dn l :
A. Na+ ; Mg2+ ; F- ; O2B. F- ; O2- ; Mg2+ ; Na+
C. Mg2+ ; Na+ ; O2- ; FD. O2- ; F- ; Na+ ;
2+
Mg
Cu 123: Dy ion c bn knh nguyn t tng dn l :
A. Cl- ; K+ ; Ca2+ ; S2B. S2- ;Cl- ; Ca2+ ; K+
C. Ca2+ ; K+ ; Cl- ; S2D. K+ ; Ca2+ ; S2- ;Cl-

BI TP TNG HP TRONG CC THI I HC, CAO NG

Cu 124: (H A 2007) Dy gm cc ion X+, Y- v nguyn t Z u c cu hnh electron 1s22s22p6 l:
A. Na+, Cl-, Ar.
B. Li+, F-, Ne.
C. Na+, F-, Ne.
D. K+, Cl-, Ar.
Cu 125: (H A 2007) Anion X v cation Y2+ u c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s23p6. V tr ca cc
nguyn t trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc l:
A. X c s th t 17, chu k 4, nhm VIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VII); Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA
(phn nhm chnh nhm II).
B. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VI); Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA
(phn nhm chnh nhm II).
C. X c s th t 17, chu k 3, nhm VIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VII); Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA
(phn nhm chnh nhm II).
D. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VII); Y c s th t 20, chu k 3, nhm IIA
(phn nhm chnh nhm II).
Cu 126: (H B 2007) Trong mt nhm A (phn nhm chnh), tr nhm VIIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VIII), theo
chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn nguyn t th
A. tnh phi kim gim dn, bn knh nguyn t tng dn.
B. tnh kim loi tng dn, m in tng dn.
C. m in gim dn, tnh phi kim tng dn.
D. tnh kim loi tng dn, bn knh ngt gim dn.
Cu 127: (C 2007) Trong t nhin, nguyn t ng c hai ng v l 6329Cuv 6529Cu. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca
ng l 63,54. Thnh phn phn trm tng s nguyn t ca ng v 6329Cu l
A. 27%.
B. 50%.
C. 54%.
D. 73%.
Cu 128: (C 2007) Cho cc nguyn t M (Z = 11), X (Z = 17), Y (Z = 9) v R (Z = 19). m in ca cc
nguyn t tng dn theo th t
A. M < X < Y < R.
B. R < M < X < Y.
C. Y < M < X < R.
D. M < X < R < Y.
Cu 129: (C 2008) Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht electron trong cc phn lp p l 7. S ht mang in
ca mt nguyn t Y nhiu hn s ht mang in ca mt nguyn t X l 8 ht. Cc nguyn t X v Y ln lt l
A. Fe v Cl.
B. Na v Cl.
C. Al v Cl.
D. Al v P.
Cu 130: (H A 2008) Bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t: 3Li, 8O, 9F, 11Na c xp theo th t tng dn t tri
sang phi l
A. F, O, Li, Na.
B. F, Na, O, Li.
C. F, Li, O, Na.
D. Li, Na, O, F.
Cu 131: (H B 2008) Dy cc nguyn t sp xp theo chiu tng dn tnh phi kim t tri sang phi l:
A. P, N, F, O.
B. N, P, F, O.
C. P, N, O, F.
D. N, P, O, F.
Cu 132: (H B 2008) Cng thc phn t ca hp cht kh to bi nguyn t R v hiro l RH3. Trong oxit m R
c ho tr cao nht th oxi chim 74,07% v khi lng. Nguyn t R l

A. S.
B. As.
C. N.
D. P.
Cu 133: (C 2009) Mt nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 52 v c s khi l 35.
S hiu nguyn t ca nguyn t X l
A. 18.
B. 23.
C. 17.
D. 15.
Cu 134: (H A 2009) Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l ns2np4. Trong hp cht
kh ca nguyn t X vi hiro, X chim 94,12% khi lng. Phn trm khi lng ca ngt X trong oxit cao nht l
A. 50,00%.
B. 27,27%.
C. 60,00%.
D. 40,00%.
Cu 135: (H A 2009) Cu hnh electron ca ion X 2 + l 1s22s22p63s23p63d6. Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t
ho hc, nguyn t X thuc
A. chu k 4, nhm VIIIA.
B. chu k 4, nhm IIA.
C. chu k 3, nhm VIB.
D. chu k 4, nhm VIIIB.
Cu 136: (H B 2009) Cho cc nguyn t: K (Z = 19), N (Z = 7), Si (Z = 14), Mg (Z = 12). Dy gm cc nguyn t
c sp xp theo chiu gim dn bn knh nguyn t t tri sang phi l:
A. N, Si, Mg, K.
B. K, Mg, Si, N.
C. K, Mg, N, Si.
D. Mg, K, Si, N.
Cu 137: (C 2010) Cho 9,125 gam mui hirocacbonat phn ng ht vi dung dch H 2 SO4 (d), thu c dung
dch cha 7,5 gam mui sunfat trung ho. Cng thc ca mui hirocacbonat l
A. NaHCO3.
B. Ca(HCO3)2.
C. Ba(HCO3)2.
D. Mg(HCO3)2.
Cu 138: (H A 2010) Cc nguyn t t Li n F, theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn th
A. bn knh nguyn t tng, m in gim.
B. bn knh nguyn t v m in u tng.
C. bn knh nguyn t gim, m in tng.
D. bn knh nguyn t v m in u gim.
Cu 139: (H A 2010) Nhn nh no sau y ng khi ni v 3 nguyn t: 2613X, 5526Y, 2612Z?
A. X v Z c cng s khi.
B. X, Z l 2 ng v ca cng mt nguyn t ho hc.
C. X, Y thuc cng mt nguyn t ho hc.
D. X v Y c cng s ntron.
3+
Cu 140: (H B 2010)Mt ion M c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 79, trong s ht mang in nhiu hn
s ht khng mang in l 19. Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t M l
A. [Ar]3d54s1.
B. [Ar]3d64s2.
C. [Ar]3d64s1.
D. [Ar]3d34s2.
Cu 141: (C 2011) ho tan hon ton 6,4 gam hn hp gm kim loi R (ch c ha tr II) v oxit ca n cn va
400 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Kim loi R l
A. Ba.
B. Be.
C. Mg.
D. Ca.
3
Cu 142: (H A 2011) Khi lng ring ca canxi kim loi l 1,55 g/cm . Gi thit rng, trong tinh th canxi cc
nguyn t l nhng hnh cu chim 74% th tch tinh th, phn cn li l khe rng. Bn knh nguyn t canxi tnh
theo l thuyt l
A. 0,185 nm.
B. 0,196 nm.
C. 0,155 nm.
D. 0,168 nm.
Cu 143: (C 2012) Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 52. Trong ht nhn nguyn
t X c s ht khng mang in nhiu hn s ht mang in l 1. V tr (chu k, nhm) ca X trong bng tun hon
cc nguyn t ha hc l
A. chu k 3, nhm VA.
B. chu k 3, nhm VIIA.
C. chu k 2, nhm VIIA.
D. chu k 2, nhm VA.
Cu 144: (H A 2012) Nguyn t R to c cation R+. Cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng ca R + ( trng
thi c bn) l 2p6. Tng s ht mang in trong nguyn t R l
A. 10.
B. 11.
C. 22.
D. 23.
Cu 145: (H A 2012) X v Y l hai nguyn t thuc cng mt chu k, hai nhm A lin tip. S proton ca nguyn
t Y nhiu hn s proton ca nguyn t X. Tng s ht proton trong nguyn t X v Y l 33. Nhn xt no sau y
v X, Y l ng?
A. n cht X l cht kh iu kin thng.
B. m in ca X ln hn m in ca Y.
C. Lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t Y ( trng thi c bn) c 5 electron.
D. Phn lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t X ( trng thi c bn) c 4 electron.
Cu 146: (H B 2012) Nguyn t Y l phi kim thuc chu k 3, c cng thc oxit cao nht l YO3. Nguyn t Y to
vi kim loi M hp cht c cng thc MY, trong M chim 63,64% v khi lng. Kim loi M l
A. Zn.
B. Cu.
C. Mg.
D. Fe.
Cu 147: (C 2013) trng thi c bn, nguyn t ca nguyn t X c 4 electron lp L (lp th hai). S
proton c trong nguyn t X l
A. 7.
B. 6.
C. 8.
D. 5.
Cu 148: (H A 2013) trng thi c bn, cu hnh electron ca nguyn t Na (Z = 11) l
A. 1s22s22p53s2.
B. 1s22s22p63s1.
C. 1s22s22p63s2.
D. 1s22s22p43s1.
Cu 149: (H B 2013) S proton v s ntron c trong mt nguyn t nhm ( 2713Al) ln lt l
A. 13 v 14
B. 13 v 15
C. 12 v 14
D. 13 v 13