NATIONAL STANDARD OF PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA CODE FOR DESIGN OF DYNAMIC MACHINE FOUNDATION GB 50040 — 96 Chief Editorial Department: | Ministry of Machinery Indust’ of P. R. China Approved Department: Ministry-of Construction of PR Chinz Effective Date: January, 1, 1997. behing 1997 ;NATIONAL STANDARD OF PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA CODE FOR DESIGN OF DYNAMIC MACHINE FOUNDATION GB 50040 — 96 2 x, ay 0 A BY BY ALE Chief Editorial Department: Ministry of Machinery Industry of P. R. China Approved Department: Ministry of Construction of P. R. China Effective Date: January, 1, 1997. Beijing 1997Preface This book is the English translation of Code for Design of Dynamic Machine Foundation for. It is the official translation of the original in Chinese for general use as examined and approved by the Department of Standards and Norms, Ministry of Construction of the People’ s Republic of China. In the event of any inconsistency between the Chinese-language text of the Code and the present English — language text of the Standard, the Chinese-language text shall be taken as ruling. Department of Standards and Norms, Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China © COPYRIGHT Department of Standards and Norms, Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China 1997 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a re- trieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechani- cal, photocopying recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Ministry of Construction, the People's Republic of ChinaMINISTRY OF CONSTRUCTION of the P. R. China No. JB (1996 ) 428 Announcement for the promulgation of the National Standard “Code far design of dynamic machine foundation” In accordance sith the requirement of (1987) No. 2390 announcement of State Planning Commissii:, a revision on the “Code for design of dynamic machine foundation ” by. Ministry of Machinery Industry jointed with various concerned units feted and examined. it is now approved as the mandatory jon” GB 50040-96 Code for design of ed simultaneously. has been alread: for design of dynamic machine four national standatd f fom Jan. 1, 1997 and the former code * » GBI 40-79 will be abolis supervised by the Ministry of Machinery Industry . Detail and and allow to pre dynamic mach This code sivith explanation of the core will be the responsibility of the Institute of Project Planning and Res tachinery Industry Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of ChinaContents 1, General 2.Terminology and Symbol 2.1 Terminology **** 2.2 Symbol + 3. Basic requirement for design 3.1 General requirement 3.2 alculating requirement of subsoil and foundation 3.3 Dynamic characteristic parameter of subsoil «++ 4, Foundation for reciprocating compressor ~~ 21 4.1 General requirement + 21 4.2 Construction requirement 21 4.3 Dynamic calculation 2 4.4 Combined foundation 31 4.5 Simplified calculation 32 5, Foundation for turbine set and electrieal mach 34 5.1 General requirement 34 5.2 Dynamic calculation of frame foundation 35 5.3 Strength calculation of frame foundation = 37 5.4 Design for foundation of electrical machine with low rotary speed * 2 6. Foundation for turbine compressor «++ estas 46 6.1 General requirement + 46 6.2 Construction requirement 46 6.3 Dynamic caleulation --- 47 6.4 Strength calculation of frame foundation 48 7. Foundation for crusher and mill « 50 7.1 Foundation for erusher 50 7.2 Foundation for mill 31 8. Foundation for impact machine 53 8.1 Foundation for forge hammer 3 8.2 Foundation for drop hammer 61 a9.3 Dynami: 10. Foundation for met: Appendix A: fai Appendix B: Appendix C: by via Appendix D: Appendix G: [ar Additional Noies nore 1 cutting machine-tools we of vibration of low-frequency machine and impact sie to the building structure ~*~ of anchor pile (bar) foundation nie calculation of frame foundation ~ calculation and construction of normal conical shell -oa for forge hammer ‘ton for vibrational attenuation on ground ~~ tion for dynamic coefficient with damping 7,., of press 2 of words in his code1, General 1.0.1 This code of practice has been prepared to give guidance to carry out State technical and economical policies, assure the quality of construction, selecting related parameter and type of foundation reasonably in the design of dynamic machine foundation and make it advanced technics, reasonably economic, safety and application. 1.0.2 This code applies to the design for the following dynamic machine foundation: : 1, Reciprocating compressor; 2. Turbine set and electrical machine; 3. Turbine compressor; 4, Crusher and mill; 5. Impact machine; 6. Hot die press; 7. Metal cutting machine-tools. This code does not fit for dynamic machine foundation set on building floor slab. 1.0.3 In using this code to design ‘dynamic machine foundation, it shall also conform to the requirements of the current related national standards and codes.2. Terminology symbol 2.1 Terminology 2d Foundation The general nante back filling soil on 2.1.2 Equivelen The static: loads dynamic machine foundation with auxiliary equipment and foundation. js equivalent to the dynamic loading which applied on the seni for the purpose of analysis conveniently. foendation original vibration 2.1.3 Fran The foundation co s of the top beam and slab connected with the columns and bottom slab. 2.1.4 Wal! tyoe tGusation The foundation corsists of the top slab and base slab connected with the cross- wall 2.1.5 Stiffness Gf subsoil The capability of resisting deformation of subsoil and its value is the ratio of Fore (moment) apalisst on subsoil to the corresponding linear (angular) defor 2.2. Symbol sponse of action 2.2.1 Action mc Pow aa} exciting force of machine: P... Horizontal exciting force of machine; P Design value of average static pressure under the foundation base; M, mement of machine; My, sl moment of machine; A Hinear displacement of vibration at centre of gravity of ion sets rontil, near displacement of vibration at centre of gravity of aradation set; ular displacement of vibration of foundation: Ay —. Corsinnst angular displacement of vibration of foundation: Ay, - Veriicol tinear displacement of vibration at contro! point of top auc of foundation generated by horizontal exciting force P,, excnimy moment M, and vertical exciting fore 7, eccentrically on the foundation;— Horizontal linear displacement of vibration at control point of top surface of foundation generated by horizontal exciting force P,, exciting moment M, ard vertical exciting force P, eccentrically acting on the foundation; : ® — Circular frequency of exciting force of machine; ®,. — Vertical natural circular frequency of foundation set; ©, — Horizontal natural circular frequency of foundation set; x, — Rocking natural circular frequency of foundation set; x, — Torsional natural circular frequency of foundation set; ©,; — Natural circular frequency in Ist. mode of coupled with translating and rocking vibration of foundation set; @,, —- Natural circular frequency in 2nd. mode of coupled with translating and rocking vibration of foundation set; a — Vibration acceleration of foundation; V — Vibration velocity of foundation, 2.2.2 Calculation index : C, — Coefficient of compressive stiffness of subsoil; C, — Coefficient of bending stiffness of subsoil; C\ — Coefficient of shearing stiffness of subsoil; C, — Coefficient of torsional stiffness of subsoil; Coe — Coefficient of equivalent compressive stiffness of soil at the pile tip; Cx — Coefficient of equivalent shearing stiffness of the surrounding pile surface of each layer soil; K, — Compressive stiffness of subsoil; KX, — Bending stiffness of subsail; K, — Shearing stiffaess of subspil; KX, — Torsional stiffness of subsoil; K,. — Compressive stiffness of pile foundation: Ky. — Bending stiffness of pile foundation; K,. — Shearing stiffness of pile foundation; K,, — Torsional stifiness of pile foundation; . — Damping ratio of subsoil in compression; $101 -— Damping ratio of subsoil in Ist. mode of coupled with translating and rocking; eo: — Damping ratio of subsoil! in 2nd. mode of coupled with translating and rocking;$y ~~ Daniping ratio of subsoil in torsional mode; Sse ~ Danaping ratio of pile foundation in compression: Sioi ~~ Damping ratio of pile foundation in Ist. mode of coupled with iraustating and rocking; xanging ratio of pile foundation in 2nd. mode of coupled with wanslatisg and rocking; yy -~+ Hunyping ratio of pile foundation in torsional mode; f,, «~~ Swndard value of bearing capacity of subsoil; ~ TResigu value of bearing capacity of subsoil: [4] —. Aitowable linear displacement of vibration of foundation; [!'] — Adtowable velocity of vibration of foundatie: |“ Alhiwable acceleration of vibration of foundation: mm ~~ ins of foundation set. 2.2.3 Geosietils parameter A o> Arce of foundation base; i Sectional area of pile; onient ef inertia of foundation with respect to axis through centre con of Foundation base; J rioment of inertia of foundation set with respect: to avis center of gravity: J, Coesinoal moment of inertia of foundation with respect to vertical is shreuigh contre of area of foundation base; <> nioment of inertia of foundation set with respect to. vertical wis cheough its centre of gravity; “ee from centre of gravity of foundation ser 1 top of h, Formaation, 2.2.4 Calculotive coetficient a, Coefficient of dynamic reduction of bearing capacity; @, — Ratvcd coefficient in compressive sliffhess of subsoii due to the “i bedded depth of foundation; ~~ Raised coefficient in shearing, bending and torsional stiffness of sail due to the effect of embedded depth of foundation; i coefficient of damping ratio of subsoil in compression due to ‘out of embedded depth of foundation;Buy — Raised coefficient of damping ratio of subsoil in mode of coupled with translating and rocking due to the effect of embedded depth of foundation; 5, — Ratio of foundation embedment.3, Basic requirement for design 3.1 General requirement 3.1L The folkeying data shall be obtained in designing of dynamic machine foundation 1. The ivae, somes speed, power and drawing of figure dimensions of the machine: 2. The ventas of a avity and weight of the machine; 3. The beurdkiry fignre of machine base, location of auxiliary equipment and piping, dimension oF pit, ditches. hole and hollow. thickness of grouting layer and position of anche Bolts uid pre-embedded parts; 4. Exciuing fetes and moment of machine with its acting direction: S. The focitier of machine foundation and the drawing of foundation of surrounding bui 6. The geelogiea! construction feid ‘specting data and dynamic testing data of subsoil of the sic machine foundation should: not be connected with the coer structure and the conerete ground, sping system connected with structure where the vibration is relatively connection with the machine, it shall be provided vibration ing messi7, 3.14 Ip case ot swrounding perers. precision machine and insteument, productive-operation and bration isolating measure. isola «vibration of the dynamic machine foundation effecting the structure With uoallowable Influence, it shall be taken The. vibration o¢ machine with low frequency and impact machine influence to structure should sonore? to requirement of appendix A in this code, BAS. Pho ihstmic machine foundation is not allow to preduce harmful differential sen desi < ay 311.6 For dyaamée machine foundation and neighboring building foundation both them on a same are laying on si construction prevail, it is not necessary to p level, Bul alter the Toundation have been constructed, the part with different depth must be back ie snd rammed solidly. 3.17 ee samic machine (except forge and drop hammer) foundation can be eonsitucted on a wholly good bed rock, anchor pile (red) foundation may be used in accordane# with appendix B ia this code. BAB The minisum clearance allowed between the outer boun ry of machinebase and its foundation edge should not be less than 100 mm. Excepting the foundation of hammer, under all the base of machine a space not less than 25 mm depth for pre-reserved second pouring jlayet which should be provided after installation and primary adjustment of machine and grouting solidly and combined with the surface of concrete foundation with micro-expansive concrete. 3.1.9 The setting up of anchored bolt to dynamic machine foundation shall conform to the following requirements: 1. The depth of embedded for anchor bolt with hook should not be Jess than 20 bolt-diameters and 15 bolt-diameters for anchoring-plate type bolt; 2. The distance between the center line of bolts to the foundation boundary shall not be less than 4 bolt-diameters; the distance between the boundary of pre-making hole to the foundation boundary shall not be less than 100 mm. In case this condition could not be satisfied, strengthening treatment shall be taken; 3. The clear thickness of the coneréte beneath the bottom of pre-embedded anchor bolt shall not be less than 50 mm. For pre-making hole it shall not be less than 100 mm. 3.1.10 For dynamic machine foundation monolithic and fabricated-monolithic concrete structure should be used. 3.1.11 The strength grade of concrete for dynamic machine foundation should not be less than C15. But for block or wall type foundation which will be for construction purpose only and will not be subjected to impact force directly, the strength grade of concrete C10 may be used. 3.1.12 For the steel reinforcement of dynamic machine foundation, the grade I, 11 steel reinforcement should be used, cool-rolling rods should not be used. For those part of suffering high impact force, the hot*rolling deformed reinforcement should be used but it should not be used welding connections. 3.1.13 To some kinds of important machines or machine of strict requirement of settlement, reference points for observing settlement shall be permanently set up on its foundation and indicated requirement on the designing drawing, scheduled date of observation shall be made according to the periods of construction, of installation and of operation of the machine with a complete report. 3.1.14 The centre of gravity of the foundation set and the centre of area of foundation base should be located in a same vertical line. In case the eccentricity could not be possible eliminated, the ratio of eccentricity to the length of the side of the foundation on parallel to the eccentricity shall not be exceeded following limited data:1. For founddstion of wirbine set and electrical machine 3%; 2. For ordinary machine foundation (excepting metal cutting machine-tools): When-the stzsidard value of bearing capacity of subsoil _f, < 150kPa 2%; When the sisiviard value of bearing capacity of subsoil f, >150kPa 5%, ind important machine as well as 1 ton and higher than 1 ton of forge ham foundations setting on the soft and weak subsoil the artificial subsoil should b¢ 3.116 F conform ¢ 1 Wh 2. When in dyn - Joading on the design of dynamic machine foundation shall calculation the design value of loading shalll be used; ie calculation the standard value of loading shall be used. 2.2 Calculating requirement of subsoil and foundation 3.2.1 The 4 value of average static pressure of subsoil under the dynamic machine foursiition base shall conform to following requirements: psart G21) Where # Us value of average static pressure of subsoil under the fation base (kPa); ‘ent of dynamic reduction of the bearing capacity of subsoil: vn value of bearing capacity of subsoil (kPa). nt of dynamic reduction of the bearing capacity of subsoil a, ance with following requirements: >atidacion of rotary machine may be used 0.8; on of forge hammer may be calculated in accordance with following (3.2.2) Where @ cation acceleration of hammer foundation (mm/s* }: B arial coefficient of dynamic settlement of subsoil, 3. For al! oder machine foundations may be used 1.0. 2. ion of subsoil of dynamic machine foundation shall be used in aceore table 3.2.3.Table 3.2.3 Classification of subsoil Nomenclature of subsoit | Sandard value of “—— of subsoil | ssification of subsoil Gravelly soil A, > 500 class Clayey soit fy > 250 Gravelly soil 300< f, £500 Silty soil, Sandy soil 250< f, $400 Class tL Clayey soil 130< f, $250 Gravelly soil 180 < f, $300 Silty soil, sandy soit 160.< f, $250 Class IH Clayey soil 130< f, $180 Silty soil, Sandy soil 10 < A £160 cay Clayey soil B0 Costhciovr of torsional stiffness of subsoil (kN/m*). j subsoil in compression, bending, shearing anu torsion shall (3.3.6-1) GB3.6-2) 3.3.63) Kya C,l, (3.3.6-4)Where K, — Compressive stiffness of subsoil (KN/m); » —— Bending stiffness of subsoil (KN-m); '. — Shearing stiffness of subsoil (KN/m); ‘y — Torsional stiffness of subsoil (KN -m); 1] — Moment of inertia of foundation with respect to axis through centre of area of foundation base (m*) 1, ~ Torsional moment of inertia of foundation with respect to vertical axis through centre of area of foundation base (m° ). 3.3.7 For embedded foundation if the standard value of beating capacity of subsoil is less than 350 kN/m? together with the density ratio of surrounding backfilling soil to the soil under the foundation will not be less than 0.85, then its compressive stiffness may be multiplied by a raised coefficienta:,and its bending, ARP shearing and torsional stiffness may be multiplied by a raised coefficient @,, fespectively. The raised coefficient , and a,, may be calculated in accordance with following formulas: a, =(14046,"" (37-1) a, =(14128,)° 63.72) h, (3.3.7-3) Where @, ~ Raised coefficient in compressive stiffness of subsoil due to the effect of embedment of foundation: @., — Raised coefficient in bending and shearing stiffness of subsoil due to the effect of embedment of foundation: 5, — Ratio of foundation embedment, when 5,>0.6, take 5,-0.6; A, ~ Depth of embedment (m). 3.3.8 When the foundation is connected with rigid ground, the bending, shearing and torsional stiffness of subsoil may be multiplied by a raised coefficient a, respectively, its value may be taken as 1.0 ~ 1.4, for soft soil may be taken as 1.4 and for other kind of soil it may be properly reduced. 3.3.9 The damping ratio of subsoil shall conform to following requirements 3.3.9.1 The damping ratio of subsoil in compression may be calculated in accordance with following formulas: (1) clayey soil: (33.9-1)(3.3.9-2) wal see soit (3.3.9-3) Where gob ratio of subsoil in compression; mood io of foundation set; ms ‘oundation set ( ); pe of subsoil (vm’ ). 3.3.9.2 7 2 ratio of subsoil in torsional and in mode. of couple with translating ais! © say be calculated in accordance with following formulas: n = OSC, Where § ay: atio of subsoil in torsion. ratio of subsoil of embedded foundation shall be the tatio ‘oundation multiplied by the raised coeffi and in mode of coupled with translating and damping ratio in coniy with in torsional of founda aceordance wile? formulas; Bb, =1+6, .3.10-1) Buy = 1428, (3.3.10-2) Where & ent of damping ratio of subsoil in conipression due to of embedded depth of foundation: Bg —~ Reise coefficient of damping ratio of subsoil in mode of coupled vet Sanalating and rocking due to the effect of embedded depth of subsoil is deteey inet in accordance with 3.3.2 > 3.3.10 in this cede, the calculatedvalue of linear displacement of vibration for block type foundation (except the foundation for impact machine and hot die press) shall be multiplied by a reduction coefficient 0.7 for vertical linear displacement and 0.85 for horizontal linear displacement. - IL Pile foundation 3.3.12 The basic dynamic parameter of pile foundation may be determined by experiment in site, the method of experiment shall be used in accordance with current national standard “Code for measurement method of dynamic properties of subsoil”. In case if this condition is not available but there is experience, it may be determined in accordance with the requirements of 3.3.13 ~ 3.3.22 in this code. 3.3.13 The compressive stiffness of precasted pile foundation or driven-in- cast- in- place pile foundation may be calculated in accordance with following formulas . Ky, = tigk og (3.3.13-1) Fy = Lodge * Cue dy 33.132) Where Ky, — Compressive stiffness of pile foundation (kN/m); -— Compressive stifness of a single pile (kN/m); — Number of pile; Cx ~- Coefficient of the equivalent shearing stiffness of the surrounding pile surface of each soil layer ( kN/m’ ); 4,, — Circumferential area of pile of each soil layer (m*); Cy. — Coefficient of the equivalent compressive stiffness of soil at the pile tip (kN/m’): A, — Sectional area of pile (m’). 3.3.14 When the pile spacing is 4 ~ 5 times the sectional diameter or of the width of the pile, the coefficient of the equivalent shearing stiffness C,, of the surrounding pile surface of each soil layer may be used in accordance with Table 3.3.14. Table33.14 Coefficient of the equivalent shearing stiffness Ch Ni of the soil surrounding the pile Coefficient of equivatent shearing stiffness C, Nomenclature of soil State of soil Muck | Saturated 6000 ~ 7000‘Natural water content 45%~- 50% 8000 High plastic Fooe ~ 10000 Medium plastic 10009 ~ 15000 Low plast 19009 ~ 15000 Slightly dense ~ medium dense 20609 ~~ 25000 Slightly dense ~ medium dense Round gravel Slightly dense 15600 ~ 20000 Medium dense 20000 ~ 30000 3.3.15 Whi Je spacing is 4 ~ 5 times of the sectional diameter ot of the ivalent coefficient of compressive stiffness (,, of the soil width of the pitc laye> at the pi 3.3167 y be used in accordance with the Table 3.3.15. stiffness of precast pile foundation or drivei-in- cast-in- pile foe aleulated in accordance with following formula: Kh an (3.3.16) ness of pile foundation (KN-m): f ducaee from the axial line of the ith pile to the rocking axis at the: cet »f area of foundation base (m). Tabby £3.48 Coefficient of the equivalent compressive stiffness ©. (N/m? ) of the soil layer at the pile tip Tv ~ 7 . i Deptiv of soit at) Coefficient of equivalent Nomenslowrs fe | State of'soil pile tip(m) [compressive stiffness C,, | High plastic, medium plastic Clayey sit. SG High plastic, medium plastic soeeo9 ~ 1300000 160000 Low plastic Medium dense ~ dense }oaGHH0 ~- 1300000 iognoN ~- 1300000 Bi 100000 ~ 20000003.3.17 The shearing stiffness and the torsional stiffness of the precast pile and Griven-in-cast-in-place pile foundation may be used in accordance with following requirements: 1. The shearing and torsional stiffness may be used 1.4 times the shearing and torsional stiffness of corresponding subsoil; 2. In considering the raised effect of the embedded depth of foundation and.of the rigid ground connected with the foundation, the shearing stiffness of pile foundation may be calculated in accordance with following formula: Ki. =K,(044a,,2,) G.3.17-1) — Shearing stiffness of the pile foundation with due consideration of the raised effect of embedded depth of the foundation and of the rigid ground connected with the foundation (KN/m). 3. In considering the raised effect of the embedded depth of foundation and of the rigid ground connected with the foundation, the torsional stiffness may be calculated in accordance with following formula: ww = K,(04+a,90)) 3.3.17-2) Where *; Where >, —- Torsional stiffness of the pile foundation with due consideration of the raised effect of embedded depth of the foundation and of the rigid ground connected with foundation (KN -m), 4. For foundation of tip bearing piles or that the standard yalue of bearing capacity of the soil layer in upper portion of the pile f, > 200kPa, its shearing stiffhess and torsional stiffness shall not be larger than the shearing stiffness and torsional stiffness of subsoil respectively. 3.3.18 The shearing stiffness of raking pile shall be determined in accordance with following requirements: 1, When the inclination of the piles is 1: 6 and the spacing between piles is 4 ~ 5 times of the pile sectional diameter or width, the equivalent shearing stiffness of the raking piles may be 1.6 times as big as the shearing stiffness of corresponding subsoil: 2. In considering the raised effect of embedded depth of foundation and of the rigid ground connected with the foundation, the shearing stiffness of the raking pile foundation may be calculated in accordance with following formula: Kiy = K,(06+a,,4) (3.3.18) 3.3.19 In calculating the natural frequency and linear displacement of vibration of precast pile foundation or driven-in-cast-in-place pile foundation, the total vertical mass and the total translating mass as well as the total mass moment of inertia ofbe caloulated in accordance with following formula: foundation set s! Ma, = M+ My 63.194) in, = m+04my, B.3:19-2) my, = hbdp (3.3.19-3) (3.3.19-4) (3.3.19-5) Where. ~~ Tuial vertical mass of the pile foundation (0; ating mass of the pile foundation (t); Me nt mass of the piles and that part of the soil in-between the piles parvicipating vibration in vertical vibration (1, 4, icngth of the pile (m); & the foundation base (m); don be the foundation base (m); oo moment of inertia of foundation set with respect to the cis Yrougl its centre of gravity (t- my; F, | inass moment of inertia Of foundation set with respect to the ‘cal ads through its centre of gravity (4 mt d ent of inertia of foundation set with respect to the ax’ ugh ts centre of gravity (tem? ): J, it of inertia of foundation set with respect 10 the vertical 18 centre of gravity (t- mm’), ngth of pile may be used in aeeordance with Table 3.3.20. Reduced length of pile 7, of the pile in soil is between 10 ~ 15 m, the value of fe may be “hod of interpolation atio in compression of precast pile and dsiven-in-cast-in- be calculated in accordance with following requirements. place pile fow BR21 :g ratio in compression of pile foundation may be calculatedin accordance with following formulas: (1) For clayey soil under the pile foundation cap: ¢, 222 (G.3.21-1) “dn (2). For sandy and silty soil under the pile foundation cap: O14 Sem (.3.21-2) » @) For tip bearing pile: 01 Sno (3.3.21-3) (4) When the base of the pile foundation cap is not contact with the subsoil, its damping ratio in compression may be taken as the damping ratio in compression of tip bearing pile. 3.3.2.2 Por damping ratios of pile faundation in mode of couple with translating and rocking as well as in torsion may be calculated in accordance with following formulas: (3.3.21-4) (3.3.21-5 6) Where ¢q, ~~ Damping ratio of pile foundation in compression; Eyo1 — Damping ratio of pile foundation in Ist mode of couple with translating and rocking: Soe: ~ Damping ratio of pile foundation in 2nd mode of couple with translating and rocking: — Damping ratio of pile foundation in torsion. 3.3.22 In calculating the damping ratio of pile foundation, the raised effect due to the depth of embedment of foundation may be taken into consideration. The raised damping ratio in compression and in mode of couple with translating and rocking as well as in torsion may be calculated in accordance with following formulas. 1. Friction pile: Soo = Spel +080) (3.3.22-1) Soot =F pwai(l = 166) (3.3.22-2) a (3.3.22-3) C " (3,3.22-4) pei 9» 2. Tip hese ye = Spall + 5) (3.3.22-5) Spf +148) (3.3.22-6) (3.3.22-7) (3.3.22-8) peel Spy = S prot damping ratio in compression due to the effect of embedded sf pile foundation cap: : damping ratio in Ist mode of coupled with translating and roc\ing due to the effect of embedded depth of pile foundation cap: So i damping ratio in 2nd mode of coupled with translating and : to the effect of embedded depth of pile foundation cap; oon ping ratio in torsion due to the effect of embedded «7 pile foundation cap.4. Foundation for reciprocating compressor 4.1. General requirement 4.1.1 When design foundation for reciprocating compressor, unless the relevant data listed in 3.1.1 in this code, the following data shall also be provided by machine manufacturer: 1. The values of Ist and 2nd harmonic vertical exciting forces P/,P{" and horizontal exciting force P!,P"", Ist and 2nd harmonic rocking exciting moment Mj, Mj and torsional exciting moments Mi,, Mi, generated by the movement of crank-guide of machine; 2. The position of acting point of exciting force: 3. The distance from the centerline of crank axle of compressor to the top of foundation. 4.1.2 The foundation shall be used with concrete structure, its type may be the block. When the machine is installed on level of second floor of workshop, the wall type foundation should be used. 4.2. Construction requirement 4.2.1 When the wall type foundation consists of the base plate, longitudinal wall. transverse wall and top slab, the construction connection between the elements shall be assured with its monolithic rigidity. The dimension of its elements shall conform 10 the following requirements: 4.2.1.1 The thickness of top slab of foundation shall be determined in accordance with calculation, but should not be less than 150 mm: 4.2.1.2 The length of cantilever of top slab should not be more than 2000 mm; 4.2.1.3 The thickness of wall under machine body should not be less than 500 mm; 4.2.1.4 The thickness of walll under eylinder should not be less than 400 mm; 4.2.1.5 The thickness of base plate of foundation should not be less than 600 mm: 4.2.1.6 The length of cantilever of base plate may be used in accordance with the following requirements: (1) For plain conerete base plate should not be more than the thickness of base plate; (2) For reinforeed concrete base plate, when vertical vibration, should not be more than 2.5 times of thickness of base plate, when horizontal vibration, should notbe move than ? vimws af thickness of base plate. 4.2.2 The betfoscement of the foundation shall conform to the following requirements 4224 20~ 40m’, the reinforcement volume of block foundation mesh formed hy ie diometer of 10 mm steel bars and spaced at 200 mm shall be provided on the mp si2%ee of foundation; 4.2.2.2 When che volume of block foundation is more. than 40m', the reinforcement ne wd by the diameter of 10~ [4 mnt steel baes and spaced at 200 ~ 300mm: ovided along all round as well as top and botiom of the Foundation; 4.2.2.3. Foe will {ope foundation, the reinforcement mesh shall ne provided along the wall sorfiwe, vertical direction the diameter of steel bars should be 12 Lomm, Sor hevioniai direction 14~ 16mm: spacing of steei bars shall be 209 ~ 300m. The cement of top slab shall be determined in sccordance with ‘ap slab shall be oi: 7S connection of wall with base plate and strength calee nal reinforcement proper + part of base plate of fiuntation shall be provided with cc 4224 The oe! cement for cantile determined ¥ vice with strength calculation and shall be provided Jong its top sand bottom 4.2.03 When ce dimensions of all openings or cuttings are mony than. 600mm, the steel bi bar shall vided around all openings oF cuttings, the diemeter of steel 2mm aud the spacing shai} not be more than 200mm 4.3. Dynamic calculation Senay ic cafoulation of foundation the direction and position of exciting yesene on foundation shall be determined (Fig. 4.3.1), foree and exit 43.21 linear displacement of vibration and maximam_ vibration vf foundation shail be controlled s m1 neously, The zol point of top. surface of m vibration velocity shall not be maximum fees facement_ of vibration at c joundatiow shail act 2 mere than 0.2mm, maxi mrore than 67 vy2) peessare compressor with exhaust pressure more than 100 MPa vibration of foundation shall be determined >y. the special the value of requirement 4.3.3 Whoo verrwal exiting force is applied through the cenite of gravity of foundation sot (fs cereal linear displacement of vibration and patural cireularfrequency may be calculated in accordance with the following formulas: Ae (433-1) Ky (4.3.3-2) m (4.3.3-3) m= mi, +g +m, Where 4, — Vertical linear displacement of vibration at centre of gravity of foundation set (m); P, — Vertical exciting force of machine (KN); ®,, — Vertical natural circular frequency of foundation set (rad/s); m, — Mass of foundation (1); ™,, —— Mass of compressor and auxiliary equipment on foundation (t); m, — Mass of backfilling soil on foundation (t); © — Circular frequency of exciting force of machine (rad/s); Fig 4.3.1 Exciting forces and moments (@) Plan (b) Elevation (¢) Profile 23Note: fini tre of gravity of foundation set, Le. the coordinate origin; point c is the etry pestion of exciting force, 434 Wei csioval exciting moment M, and horizontal exciting force P,act eccentrically 4s of foundation set (Fig 4.3.4), its horizontal torsional linear displacement © (434-1) (4.3.4-2) 1 Om YF (aaa) Where conta} linear displacement of vibration along x-axis at control cies af top surface of foundation generaied by torsional vibration 4. Storssantal Hinear displacement of vibration slong y-axis at control vf sop surface of foundation generated by torsional vibration sl exciting moment of machine ( KN -n:): i exciting force of machine (KN); Sty of horizontal exciting force of machine along y axis (m); ol distance along y axis from control point of top of Jon to torsional axis (m): distance along x axis from control point of top of ‘nto torsional axis (1m); fuss nyortent of inertia of foundation set with re ec? to vertical axis its centre of gravity (t-m” 3; 4, cove circular frequency of torsional vibration of foundation setFig 4.3.4 Torsional vibration of foundation set 4.3.5 When horizontal exciting force P, and vertical exciting force P, along x direction eccentrically acting on foundation set, it would be generated vibration coupled with translating along x-axis and rocking about y-axis (Fig. 4.3.5) its vertical and horizontal linear displacements of vibration at control point of top surface of foundation may be calculated in accordance with the following formulas: Aanp = (Aor + don hc 435-1) Aaoy = Ayi(Bar +1) * Ayal = 2,2) (4.3.5-4) (4.3.5-5) (4.3.5-6) (4.3.5-7) (4.3.5-8) (4.3.5-9) 28(4.3.5-10) (435-11) (4.3.5-12) (4.3.5-13) near displacement of bration at contve! point of top «of foundation generated by vibration coupled with translating is and rocking about y-axis (m): Gorientat tinear displacement of vibration at control point of top of foundation generated by vibration coupled with translating «s-aais and rocking about y-axis (my; Ago ‘ng anyle displacement in Ist mode of coupled vibration in ‘rection of foundation set (rad); A, je displacement in 2nd mode of coupled vibration in eschon of foundation set (rad): A voeres Horn the rocking centre in Ist mode of the coualed vibration srection of foundation set to the centre of gravity of sin set (ni e sos trom the rocking centre in 2nd. mode of the coupled «i X~@ direction of fowadation set to the contre of gravity Solion set (m): May oe suiting moment with respect to the axis throush rocking centre © mode of coupled vibration in. xp dircetion and s of rocking plane zox (KD exciting moment with respect to the axis through rocking centre thé mode of coupled vibration in x. direction and Jar to axis of rocking plane zox (kN +m) cireular frequency in Ist mode of coupled vibration in | fiecetion of foundation set (rad/3): eieutar frequency in 2nd mode of coupled vibration in ection of foundation set (tad/s) joiat natural circular frequency in direction x of foundation set reular frequency rocking about y-ay's of foundationset (rad/s); hy — Distance from centre of gravity of foundation set to bottom of foundation (m); k, — Bending stiffness of subsoil rocking about y-axis of foundation set (KN-m); J, — Mass moment of inertia of foundation set with respect to y-axis through its centre of gravity (t-m?); 1, — Moment of inertia of foundation set with respect to y-axis through centre of area of foundation base (m* ); e, — Eccentricity along x axis of vertical exciting force P, of machine (m); 4, ~ Distance from centre of gravity of foundation set to top of foundation (m); fy — Distance from acting line of horizontal exciting force to top of foundation (in); yo: — Damping ratio in Ist mode of coupled vibration in x ~g direction of foundation set; Eg: — Damping ratio in 2nd mode of coupled vibration in x ~g direction of foundation set. 4 yr 4 Fig. 4.3.5 Mode of coupled with translating along x axis and rocking about y-axis (a) Istmode (b) 2nd mode43.6 0: ox moment M, and vertical exciting force direction nisically translating ec lation set, it would be yenerated vibration coupled with its vertical and cordance with the and rocking about (43.6-1) (4.3.6.2) (4.3.6-3) (4.3.6-4) (4.3.6-5) (4.3.6-6) (43.6-7) (43.6-8) (4.3.6-9) (43.6410) (4.3.6-11) (4.3.6-12) (43.6-13) Where 4 war displacement of vibration at 2 point of top foundation generated by vibration coupled with translating 5 and rocking about x-axis ¢m): Ay et linear displacement of vibration in y direction at controlpoint of top surface of foundation generated by vibration coupled with translating along y-axis and rocking about x-axis (m); 4g, — Rocking angle displacement in 1st mode of coupled vibration in y—® direction of foundation set (rad); Ag. — Rocking angle displacement in 2nd mode of coupled vibration in y~@ direction of foundation set (rad); Po. ~~ Distance from rocking centre in Ist mode of coupled vibration in y—® direction of foundation set to centre of gravity of foundation set (m); Pe. — Distance from rocking centre in 2nd mode of coupled vibration in y—6 direction of foundation set to centre of gravity of foundation set (m); 1, — The natural circular frequency in Ist mode of coupled vibration in y~6 direction of foundation set (rad/s); 2 — The natural circular frequency in 2nd mode of coupled vibration in y~@ direction of foundation set (rad/s); ®,, — Horizontal natural circular frequency in y-axis of foundation set (rad/s); @ —Rocking natural circular frequency rocking about x-axis of foundation set (rad/s); S , — Mass moment of inertia of foundation set with respect to x-axis through its centre of gravity (t-m”); Mo, — Total exciting moment with respect to the axis through rocking centre 0 in Ist mode of coupled vibration in y-@ direction and perpendicular to axis of rocking plane zoy (KN+m); Me, — Total exciting moment with respect to the axis through rocking centre 0%) in 2nd mode of coupled vibration in y—@ direction and perpendicular to axis of rocking plane zoy (KN-m); K, — Bending stiffness rocking about x-axis of foundation set (KN -m ); » — moment of inertia of foundation set with respect to x-axis through centre of area of foundation base (m' ); ¢, — Eccentricity along y axis of vertical exciting force P, of machine (m); My — Exciting moment of machine rocking about x-axis (kN -m). 29ed * s 1 Ace | = eae % % Pig ‘ ith translating along y-axis and rocking sbort y-axis (a) istmode —— ¢h) 2nd mode 4.3.7 cho sola! ‘unzar displacement of vibration 1 and total vibration velocity V alongs aves el poiut of top surface of foundation may he ealeulated in ny formulas aceondane (4.3.7-2) (43.73) O210n (4.3,.7-4) Where 4 (onee displacement of vibration at contrel point of top surface of »p generated by jth Ist harmonic e: ing force and exciting ss af foundation (a): placement of vibration at control point of top surface of Jowschaion generated by kth 2nd harmonic exciting Puce and exciting hine (im);A — Total linear displacement of vibration at control point of top surface of foundation (m); @' — Circular frequency of Ist harmonic exciting force and exciting moment of machine (rad/s); @” — Circular frequency of 2nd harmonic exciting force and exciting moment of machine (rad/s); n— Operating speed of machine (r/min). 4.4 Combined foundation 4.4.1 When the foundations for two or three similar compressors are installed on one baseplate, it would constitute combined foundation (as show in fig 4.4.1) and conform to the following conditions, it may be taken combined foundation as rigid foundation to carry out dynamic calculation: 4.4.1.1 The thickness of baseplate of combined foundation shall be satisfied with rigidity limits listed in Table 4.4.1. 4.4.1.2 The natural circular frequency of combined foundation shall conform to the following requirements: Vertical type: @ 8130), (4.4.2) Horizontal series type, horizontal parallel type: 5130, (4.4.1-2) Where @%, — Vertical natural circular frequency of cutting combined foundation into single machine separated foundation (rad/s); ey, “~ Natural citcular frequency in Ist mode of vibration coupled with translating and rocking of cutting combined foundation into single machine separated foundation (rad/s). Table 4.4.1 When baseplate of combined foundation with different coefficient of stiffness of subsoil, the value of rigidity limit hy / L, of various combined type Combined type of Coefficient of compressive stiffress of subsoil C, (kW/m?) combined foundations _{ 18000 | 20000 | 30000 | 40000 | s0000 | 60000 | 70000 | g0000 vertical type 0.236 | 0.242 | 0.268 | 0.288 | 0.303 | 0.311 | 0.323 | 0.330 Horizontal series type | 0.198 | 0.201 | 0.222 | 0.238 | 0.251 | 0.262 | 0.270 | 0.278 Horizontal parallel type | 0.175 | 0.177 | 0.186 | 0.192 | 0.196 | 0.198 | 0.199 | 0.200 31+ 44.2. Combined type of combined foundations +5) Horizontal series type” (c} horizontal paral!e! type SAS «ot baseplate of combined foundation shall vor be less than 600mm a of baseplate to total height shal! conform to the folléwing tw 1,705 (44.13) ss at b: plate of combined foundation (21): nelght of contbined foundation (m), icking combined foundation as rigid foundstion io carry out in this code ald conform to the requirements of section 4, of vibration in different direction of {st and ond harmonic exciting fon sting iioment of each machine on foundation shal! be calculated separately © displacement of vibration at contro] point ci top surface of combined fowsterion shath be taken as the square root of summativa of squares of linger displecors ag moment of ration generated by exciting free and exe: ach mach’ 4.5 Simplified calculation 4SE EL with its pov of various compressors ‘except the vertical compressor (0 kW and for foundation af symmetrical equilibrious compressor with: bs yower less than 500 KW, when its mass is niore than 5 times of under the ard the design vilue of average static: press Lf of design value of beatin Rass of compre foundation bass is Wiss then h capacity of subsoil, it may be allowed 902 te cary) eet dynamic calculation. 45.2 For fstwtation when the operated floor is set oa grouad floor of workshop. and Ge horizontal exciting force ts acting, the hotizontal linear displacersen: of Vuvetics on top surface of foundation may be checked by the following simp} orc otewinted formulasPo PH, o, Aggo = {+ Ati,) ae (4.5.21) 7 o ‘ats 2 5.2.2 Hy =hy +h, +h, (45.2.2) Oy = 105 (452-3) Where “go — horizontal linear displacement of vibration on the top surface of foundation generated by horizontal exciting force (m); Hy — Distance from acting line of horizontal exciting force to bottom of foundation (m); A — Frequency ratio. 4.5.3 Frequency ratio 2 may be used in accordance with Table 4.5.3. Table 4.5.3 Frequency ratio A Note: L — Side length of baseplate of foundation along the acting direction of horizontal exciting force.8. ®yuedetion for turbine set and electrical machine 5.1 General requirement S.LT Tals clepier spplies to the foundation design for turbine (turbogenerator, turboblower et, + trical machine (phasemodulator etc.) with operating speed equal to oF fess ia! B12 When de relevant data orpam. ing foundations for turbine and electrical machine, unless the 4.4 in this code, the fotlowing data shall als he provided by machine nai 1. The d 2. The diss tuming monet of the weight of machine, the weight of rotor, ‘ov of exciting force generated by operation of machine, specified The te ciliary equipments of cooler, oil tank ete. and piping: 4. The shot expansed force » moment, vacuum suction force of condenser, thermo- and installed load ete.; 5. the evitival ester speed of shafl system of machine, 6 Phe Io bormo-piping and the velue of temperature on the outer surface of th layer, BAB bo s of turbine set and electrical machine ther concrete frame sions: or the prestressed conerete structure should be used. Rd Poo fovndakeou of electrical machine, when the wall cr block type foundation is osc! is dynamic caleulation and construction may be used in accordance ooents in chapter 4 in this code; 8.1.8 fhe top cotrouuding of frame foundation shall be reservec med joint bee structure, middle platform should be senaraced from main should de and separate uicture of fomiavon, when it can not be separated, the connected p' provided with tiueu!vn isolating measure. S16 fhe cane foundation of turbine set should be analyzed 1 vi | of space of freedom system with several schemes, the type and yo of structure mechanics of nolt-degr dimension of ss ball be determined reasonably. The selected may be deters 1 The H appropriate to sibs te static deflection of all transverse beams of top slab nearly be provided with sufficient mass and rigidity, it is same, the figer> and.oubyecting force of top slab shail be simpheity aad the eccentric svat und stability are satisfied, it is better to reduce the rigidity ofcolumn suitably, but its slenderness ratio should not be more than 14; 3, The baseplate shall be provided with a certain rigidity and shall be determined with comprehensive analysis in accordance with stiffness of subsoil. 5.1.7 The baseplate of frame foundation may be provided with cross beam type, beam slab type and flat slab type. ‘The thickness of baseplate of foundation of flat slab type or the depth of beam of foundation of cross beam and of beam slab type may be selected as 1/15 ~ 1/20 time of the length of baseplate of foundation in accordance with the condition of subsoil and shall not be less than the side length of cross section of column. §.1.8 When foundation is constructed on rock and conforms to the requirements of appendix B in this code, the anchor pile (bar) foundation may be used. 5.1.9 For medium or high compressible soil, it shall be increased the stiffness of subsoil and foundation, and taken the other way to reduce the differential settlement of foundation. 5.1.10 The cantilever platform of top slab of foundation shall be solid plate type. its overhanging length should not be longer than 1.5m, the depth of cross section of cantilever at the support shall not be less than 0.75 times of its overhanging length. 5.2 Dynamic calculation of frame foundation (operating speed of machine 1000 ~ 3000 r/min) 5.2.1 The dynamic calculation of frame foundation shall be controlled by the linear displacement of vibration. In calculation of linear displacement of vibration, the calculated method of space multi-degree of freedom system may be used in accordance with the appendix C in this code. In general condition it only needs to calculate the vertical linear displacement of vibration at acting point of exciting force. 5.2.2 When calculating the linear displacement of vibration, the value of exciting force shall be used, which is provided by machine manufacturer, when the data of exciting force are not available, the allowable linear displacement of vibration of foundation may be used in accordance with Table 5.2.2. Table 5.2.2 Exiting force and allowable linear displacement of vibration Operating speed of machine (timin) 3000 | 1500 The exciting force acting on ith point when the linear| Vertical, transverse | 020W, | O.16I,, displacement of vibration is calculated P,; (KN) Longitudinal auow, | O08, ‘Allowable linear displacement of vibration (mm) 0.02 0.04Now (> ihe values of exciting force and allowable linear displacement of vibration ‘a the Table are for the normal operation of machine. ©) +1, is swrightof machine rotor which is acting on ith point of foundation (KN), in wows i is weight of rotor concentrated at the middle pan of beam or top of $.2.3 Wher “aoulating the linear displacement of vibration.the maximum linear vation within £25% range of operating speed should be taken as / displacement of vibration of operating speed. tated linear displacement of vibration for iess than 75% the range be less than 1.5 times allowable Linear cisplacement of displacement 0 the calculate $24 of operating Pbration, BRS Whee vlating the linear displacement of vibration, the exciting force of any Totery syed osey be calculated in accordance with the following formula: 1 r= 22) (6.2.5) Val 1g, force of any rotary speed (KN): vs aotary speed (r/min); Jating the vibration of frame foundation in accordance with space ny sp of machine srey of freedom system, for foundation of machine set with operating ed vast vy 1998 vnun, the subsoil may be considered as rigidity: Por foundation cpetating speed less than 3000 rmin, the subsoil should be 1s sieber of m exciting forces are acting, the linear displacement of im yy be calculated in accordance with the following formula: casse feted Where ‘sear displacement of vibration at mas s point idm). displacement of vibration at mass point { due :o acting of kth Haw forces (m). windation is formed by transverse frames and longitudinal beams aso 9j:# Same. it may be simplified as tansverse plane freme end used the gomoited of txc degree of freedom system in accordance ith the appendix 28. Wher fh caleu 29 Fe sngrator with operating speed of 3000 r/min, and its power is MI and its foundation is formed by transverse frames and satisfied, is: ullowed not to carry out the dynamic calculation: longitudinal bess as @ apace frame, as well as the following conditions are all satisfied, Hier sey be allowed not to carry out the dynamic caiculatic equal ty or ie $1. Middle frames, longitudinal beams: ¥; 2 67, 2. Side frames: 7% 210%; Note: ™, is total weight, concentrated at middle span of beam or at top of columns (KN). 5.3 strength calculation of frame foundation (Operating speed of machine 1000 ~ 3000 t/min) 5.3.1 When calculated strength of foundation, the value of partial safety factor of load shall conform to the requirements of Table 5.3.1. Table 5.3.1 Partial safety factor of load Partial safety Kind of toad Nomenclature of load factor Weight of foundation, weight of machine, weight of other lequipments installed on foundation, weight of backfilling soil on Permanent load lfoundation, expansive force of cylinder, vacuum suction force of 12 |condenser, acting force generated by temperature difference. Variable load [Dynamic load ( or equivalent load ) and live load on the top slab 14 Accidental load |Short circuit moment 1.0 seismic load |Seismic action 13 5.3.2 When calculating dynamic intemal force of foundation member, the dynamic internal force may be calculated directly in accordance with space multi- degree of freedom system. 5.3.3 The value of exciting force for calculating dynamic internal force may be taken as 4 times of the exciting force for calculating the linear displacement of vibration and the influence of material fatigue shall be considered. For coefficient of fatigue influence of reinforced concrete member may be taken as 2.0. 5.3.4 When foundation is formed by transverse frames and longitudinal beams as space frame, the equivalent load may be used to carry out simplified calculation of dynamic internal force of member, The equivalent load in vertical direction may be considered as concentrated load. The equivalent load in horizontal direction may be considered as concentrated load acting on axes of longitudinal and of transverse beams. 5.3.5 When calculating dynamic intemal force by equivalent load, the influence of fundamental mode and high mode of foundation shall be considered respectively, and shall take its larger value as control value. 5.3.6 When calculating dynamic intemal force of fundamental mode of 37founds quisaient load may be calculated in accordance with the following requires) spiteaient load of vertical direction of ith point on transverse frame may be calculsied \y accordance with the following formula, and shall rot be less than 4 times of tho woos of rotor: (5.3.6-1) ot equivalent loads in horizontal direction may be calculated in ‘ve the LMowing formulas, and shall not be less than the total weight of valent loads shail be distributed to each feaine in accordance with accordance rotor, the its digicliny (5.3.6-2) (5.3.6-3) of transverse srmula (C ‘2 dynamic coefficient, may be used 8: ‘zontal equivalent load of transverse frame (:N Sal bovizontal equivalent load of longitudinal frarne (KN) L d of top slab of foundation, includiag weight of S oleb, weight of equipment and half weight of colunins (KN): »(al rigidity of jth transverse frame of foundation (kN/m); permanent tor.zontal rigidity of jth longitudinal frame of foundation (KNim); ssusverse calculated coefficient (m); 7 pnptteatinal calculated coefficient (m). set with operating speed of 3000 r’min, when the dynamic oot making, its vertical equivalent loads may be used in accordance ity total horizontal equivalent load may be uses! in accordance “ahte 53.6-1 Vertical equivalent lond E Mi) Ws 25 25 «WW S125 1m, j am oe |. caleulati with “I with Table 3.2.Table 5.3,6-2 Horizontal equivalent loads Power of turbine set 1 (MW) 25 Hovizontal rigidity of jth transverse frame (kN/m); ‘Jur ensioniess coefficient: Stonizom distance from the centre of gravity af top slab of vadation to control point of vibration (mm); ‘Jomneat of inertia of cross section of transverse beam of jth se frame (m*): Maarent of inertia of cross section of column of jth transverse frame luted height of column of jth tcansverse frame viculated span of transverse beam of jth transverse frame, usually ite ken us 0.9 times of the distance between centerlines of two: aauins (m); ‘coment of inertia of reduced mass with respect to vertical axis “Shroagh the centre of gravity of top slab (t-m y; h of tap slab (m): Gaced mass of foundation set, including the ™ s of whole aing, top slab of foundation and 30% of mass cf cotumns (1): \ovdulus of elasticity of concrete (KPa). stock: and wall type foundation is used; its dynamic cateulation and ont may be used in accordance with the relevant requirements of chapies Seta | ISMV-A and ion is used which the operating floor is set on the level of sion of phasemodulator with equal to or less tha indoor Hooe, {tt ht needed to carry out the vibration calculation. chional reinforcement for tep slab structure of foundation of aids be used in accordance with the following requirements: forcement shall be provided in side of top slab beam as onal rei = dye plane bending stresses generated by dynamic loads and temperatiire visvieuce may not be checked: 2. {ho srowectioa area A, of upper constructional reinforcement shall not beless than 0.1% 5,4, 3. The cross-section area A,, of lower constructional reinforcement shall not be less than 0.1% bh; 4. The diameter of all steel bars shall not be less than 16 mm, its spacing should be taken as 150~ 250mm. Fig. 5.4.5 Sketch of construction reinforcement in side of beam 5.4.6 The strength calculation of members of foundation may be used in accordance with the relevant requirements in section 5.3 in this code. 484. Foundation for turbine compressor 6.1 General requirement GA. This chapver applies to’ the foundation design for centrifugal turbine compressor viii enerising speed more than 3000 r/min, 6.12 When de in this ade shal! be ta -ning foundation for turbine compressor, the data listed in 5.1.2 en 6.1.4 fhe weforeed concrete frame structure should be used as the type of foundation #3 % compressor, when the block type or wal! type foundation is i{ation and construction may be used in accordance with used, Hts chats requirements 4 in this code GAA We eurthiqual : 2c Srame foundation is built on seismic zore. its designed intensity v= Jess than 8 degree, it may be allowed ao zo carry out the eis seismi 6.2 Construction requirement siow of frame foundation shall conform to the following lar plate should be used as baseplate o) foundation, its iy 1/10 ~ 1/12 length of baseplate, and shouid sot be Tess than ionin, the rectangular cross-section should be used, its minimum as 10 ~ 1/J2 clear height of columa, and should not be less width shou tha 480 42 Foe? css of top slab of foundation should not be less than 1/4 its 1 be less than 800 mm. sept of frame foundation shall conform «o the following requiremes: 6.224 eskireemient mesh shall be provided along al! round as well as top s should be 14 ~- 16 mm, and the plate. the diameter of steel ba it~ 250 mm. When the pile foundation is used, the diameter of and boiter: oftbe & spacing sb steel bare showtih be LO-~ 20 mm; se avsfercement of column shali be determined by calculation. The be provided symmetrically along all round cross-section of column, tis stapes showtd not be less than 18 mm: 62.298 ‘coment mesh shall be provided along all round as well as top vertic aand bottom of top slab, the diameter of steel bar should be 14 ~ 16 mm, and the spacing should be 200 ~ 250 mm. Within the rang of column width the reinforcement of top slab shall be calculated in accordance with beams of longitudinal frame and of transverse frame; 6.2.2.4 When the diameters or the dimensions of all openings or cuttings of baseplate and top slab are more than 300 mm, the reinforced steel bar shall be provided along all round, the diameter of steel bar should be 14 ~ 18 mm, and the spacing should be 200 mm. 6.3 Dynamic calculation 6.3.1 When the exciting force generated by rotor of turbine compressor is less than 15 kN, the dimensions of foundation would conform to the requirement of 6.2.1 in this code. and the equipment and product for vibration of foundation have not particular requirement, it may be allowed not to carry out the dynamic calculation. 6.3.2 The value of exciting force and its acting position of foundation for turbine compressor shall be provided by machine manufacturer, when the data are not available, it may be used in accordance with the following requirements: 6.3.2.1 The exciting force of machine may be calculated in accordance with the following formulas: » in P= 0.25, aa) 3.2 " Csi (63.21) Pee (6.3.2-2) Os? (6.3.23) Where P, — Horizontal exciting force of machine along transverse direction of foundation (KN); P, — Horizontal exciting force of machine along longitudinal direction of foundation (KN); Weight of rotor of machine (KN). 6.3.2.2 The acting position of exciting force shall be determined in accordance with actual situation of distribution of weight of rotor of machine; 6.3.2.3 When the turbine compressor is driven by electrical machine, the vertical and horizontal exciting forces generated by electrical machine may be used in accordance with the requirements of 5.2.2 in this code; 6.3.2.4 When the gearbox is located between the turbine compressor and driving machine, the calculated weight /¥, of rotor shall be included with the weight of gear of same rotary speed with gearbox.6.3.3 The demaric calculation of frame foundation tor turbine compressor should confor « spacé mechanics model of multi-degree of ireedom and the shall be taken to car amine ratio of concrete structure may be taken as-0.0625. and the operating speed y out calculation of sweeping frequency. The modulus of elastics be taken as the value of static modulus of elasticity, forces with the vibration velocity. V,, at checking point i generated by each 6.3.4 When tis: foundation is subject to number of m excitir different frequene exciting fores ss He caicalated respectively, its maximum vibration velocity V may be cateulated in secartance with the following formula: yb (634) Where force of Vihection velocity at checking point i generated by 63.5 foundation inrhine ocespressor shall be less than 5.0 mm/s. 4.4~ Strength calculation of frame foundation OAL Whew the fa fe ‘be allowed por to 2a to Thee uundation conforms to the followi ions, it may 3 candi 1 the strength caleulation: sCtop slab is not more than 4.0 m:; inv acting on cach frame is nol more than 150 KN: «of foundation shall be satisfied with the related requirements ‘ iis, and also the cross-section of column of frame shall not be am. the total reinforcement ratio of vertical steel bar in of section 6 jess than 618) ste: column stall see se ioe thom, the reinforcement ratio of m bor in upper part and lower pact of frame beam should be taken as 03% ~ 10% , bet should not be Jess than S.stoof bari &" che grade [I with diameter of 25 mim; 4. The sire : ii guacte of conerete should be used C 2: 6.4.2 For Sc steongth caleulation of foundation for turbine compressor, except 1 in this code shall be earthquake action, tie partial safety factor of each load in used. The consimetee of toads may be used in accordance with the requirement of 14 in thi 6.4. ne nae The ‘als dain selated with machine equipment shai be provided by lable, may be u actner, wher the data are not avi in accordance ma with the following /e 750 0. 7.1.40 For strength calculation of foundation for crusher, its loads shall be included with the weight of members and machine as well as four times of exciting forces of drop-hammer and counter-acting crushers or three times of exciting forces of other type crushers. 7.11 The reinforcement of foundation for crusher shall conform to the following requirements: 1. The reinforcement of block and wall type foundation may be used in accordance with requirements of 4.2.2 in this code; 2. The reinforcement of frame foundation shall be determined in accordance with calculation. 7.2. Foundation for mill 7.2.1 This section applies to the foundation design for tube mill, ball mill and self-mill, its temperature of grinded material is behaviour of normal atmospheric temperature. 7.2.2 When designing foundation for mill, unless the relevant data listed in 3.1.1 31in this code, tho failowae data shall also be provided by machine manu‘acturer: 1, The matual position of mill, motor and reducer and its transmissive form; 2. The total seswht of grinding mass in the mill; 3. The dissec from centerline of mill tube to top surface of foundation, 7 2.3 For ioen sof mill, the reinforced concrete structure shoud be used, its block, wall type or box type. 7.2.4 Por she. heed and tail of tube mill, the separated foundation -may be used type may be i respectively. Whoo ssvndations of ball (bar) mill and self-mil] are button uniform kPa, the soil, and the stevtar! value of bearing capacity of subsoil is more th separated foundatiea of head and tail may also be used respectively. 7.2.8 Tre weil oye and block foundation may be allowed not ‘o carry out the dynamic ealestatior F726 Whoa ¢ tial i} conform ta the requirement of 3.2.5 in this code, the static pressure under the foundation bese, unless its foading caleidtati'in she orientated boriccnis! equivalent load acting on the center-line of each end bearing of mill also shall be considered (Pig. 7.2.6), its value may be calculated! in accordance with the follgwing fienyla 1 OSH (7.2.6) Where {~~ Orientuicd horizontal equivalent load acting on the center-line of cach. endl benring of mill ( WF vaya) weteht of grinding mass in mill (kN). 5.7.2.6 Oriemated horizontal equivatent toad ‘orcersent of the foundation shall be used in accordance with the ULI requirement of xis code.8. Foundation for impact machine 8.1 Forge hammer foundation 8.1.1 This section applies to the design for forge hammer foundation with nominal mass of dropping part less than or equal to 16 1. 8.1.2 When design the forge hammer foundation unless the data listed in 3.1.1 in this code, the following data shall also be provided by machine manufacturer: 1. Nominal and real mass of dropping parts; 2. Gravity load of anvil and hammer frame; 3. Height and base dimension of anvil and relative elevation of its top with respect to the floor level of the shop; 4, Base dimension of the hammer frame, and the type, diameter, length and the position of the anchor bolts; 5. Maximum speed of dropping part or maximum stroke, inside diameter’ of cylinder and maximum inlet pressure or maximum impact energy; 6. Position of centre of gravity of C-type hammer frame. 8.1.3 The type of hammer foundation should conform to the following requirements: 8.1.3.1 A trapezoidal shape or stepped massive block foundation may be used as the type of foundation for forge hammer without vibro-isolation. It is also permitted to use normal conical shell foundation for forge hammer up to 5 t. The calculation and construction requirements of the shell shall conform to the requirements of appendix Din this code: 8.1.3.2 There are two types of hammer foundation with isolation: anvil-isolated hammer foundation — hammer foundation with isolator under the anvil; and base- isolated hammer foundation — hammer foundation with isolator under the base; 8.1.3.3 When the subsoil is soil of class IV or the base dimension of the hammer foundation is limited, an anvil-isolated hammer foundation or artificial subsoil should be used. 8.1.4 A reinforced concrete structure should be used for hammer foundation. The concrete strength grade for block foundation should not be less than C15, while for normal conical shell foundation — C20. 8.1. Material for anvil pad shall conform to the following requirements: 8.1.5.1 For wooden pad composed from squared timber or glued square timber, a first class timber of homogeneous and high corrosive resistance should be selected. It should be gone through drying and anti-corrosive treatment. Its kind of tree shall be selected in accordance with the requirement of the current National standard “Code 38Yor design of tizibe 8.15.2 The quid (1) For transy hammer up to { 1, sim ‘of wooden pad shall conform to the following requicements: ced pad, timber of type TB20 and TB17 may be used; for spe of TB1S, TC17 and TC15 may be used as well; aced pad, timber of type TB15, TC17 and TC1S may be used: ansversely placed under upright placed pod, timber of uce content on the surface of the timber should be less han 25% for sig ier and 15% for glued squared timber. 8. y to St, rubber pad may be used. The pad may be composed of © vveying rubber belt or ordinary rubber plate (mat). The content of the at be less than 40% and the Shore Hardness should be 95 Hs. The ty: >and its quality shall conform to the following requirements: (1) Dupe ural rubber or butadiene rubber should be selected as the sind of the ri : time of the hammer exceeds 16h a day, heat-proof rubber a i mechanical characteristics of the con of the current National standard “Conv © of ordinary rubber plate should co: aracteristics of sulfide rubber plate for belt shall Belt”. The jam tw the wement of the pad under the anvil shall conform to the 1. Wher th i upper and placed along are placed transversely and composed of several layers. + shall be placed crisscross. ‘The topmost fayer shall be [ the anvil. The thickness of each layer of timber pad mm, and the squared timber shall be tightened with bolts diameter of the bolt may be selected in accordance with Yable 8.1.6. FaluoS tG Diameter of tightened bolt for timber __pad placed transversely _ timber pad (mm) Diameter of bolt nm)2, When the timber pads are placed uprightly, one layer of pad of 100 ~ 150 mm thick should be placed transversely first at the bottom of the pit of the anvil, then another layer of squared timber shall be placed uprightly along the pit. The top surface of the pad should be planned. It is not allowed to place the transversely placed timber pad for hammer up to 0.5 t 3, Rubber pad is composed of one or several layers of conveying belt or rubber plate. Each upper and lower layer should be piled up along one direction with one through gap and placed all over the pit; 4, For anvil-isolated hammer foundation, it is allowed to use high-damper elastic isolator instead of pad. 8.1.7 The minimum thickness of part of the foundation under the anvil pad shall conform to the requirement of Table 8.1.7. Table 8.1.7 Minimum thickness of part of the foundation. under the anvil pad Nominat mass of dropping parts (t) Minimum thickness (mm) 30.25 600 — 0.78 800 1.00 1000 2.00 1200 3.00 die forging 1500 free forging 1750 3 00 2000 10.00 . 2750 16.00 3500 8.1.8 It is not allowed to have construction joint in the height extent within 1.5m of part of the hammer foundation under the anvil pad. ‘The surface of the foundation under the anvil pad shall be planned at one time and must not be leveled up by plaster. Its leveling requirement shall not exceed 0.1% under timber pad and 0.05% under rubber pad, 8.1.9 The reinforcement of foundation shall conform = tothe following requirements: 8.1.9.1 Horizontal reinforcement mesh formed by steel bars of grade fl, 10 ~ 16 mm in diameter and spaced at 100 ~ 150 mm shall be provided in the upper part of the foundation just under the anvil pad. It should be extended into the internal surfaceof the pit wall act ievd than $0 times of the bar diameter, and usually it should be extended to the outside edge of the foundation, Number of layer of reinforcement mesh may be selvzted in accordance with Table 8.1.9. The distaxce between reinforcement suestes 12 vertical direction should be 100 ~ 200 mm, and should be provided so as dlense’¢ sparse from upper to lower layer. The protective eonerete covering of the lopinest 16mm foe f. ald be extended into the bottom of foundation. jal veirifereement mesh with steel bars spaced at 100 ~ 250 mm jould be 12 ~~ ‘sottom of the foundation. Diameter of the bar sap to 3 ES mim for forge > R194 Bei and 18 ~~ 22 mm for hammer of Si-or heavier. sit mesh with steel bars ef 12 + 16 mm in diameter and spaced at 150)-~-.2Su-rum shall be provided at the top of the foundation and at the top of the steps, als » (ee exterior side of the anvil pit and round the sides of the foundation fer BAS nim in diameter wed synced at 400 mm shall also be provided every 806 mm along the ‘eer of 2 {or heavier, zontal reinforcement mesh \ Inver oF he ith steel bars of 12 ~ 16 vertical direction i¢ curt ef the foundation under the anvil pad for forge bammer of 5t or heavier. 8.1.10 between the anvil pit and anvil accompanied with the pad shall he fulfilled wilt air fered asphalt, and the top of the gap within 50 ~ 100 mm shall be fulfilled with: ssp Lat The we nf the shop shsyhd en! between the forge hammer foundation and the foundation b> fess than 500 mm. When there are several hammers of 10t and heavier is one oop. the distance from centre to centre of hammer fcundations should not be bes 8.112 Theatjowable linear displacement of vibration and vibration acceleration of forge haier findetion shall be satisfied simultaneously and shal! be selected in accordance With the dollossing requirements:1, For hammer foundation of 2 ~ 5 t shall be selected in accordance with Table 8.1.12; 2. For hammer up to 2t, the tabulated values should be multiplied by 1.15; 3. For hammer heavier than St, the tabulated values should be multiplied by 0.80. Table 8.1.12 Allowable linear displacement of vibration and vibration acceleration for forge hammer foundation Classification of soil Allowable fowar specement of | Allowable alin acceleration Class 1 0.80 ~ 1.20 085g ~ 1.308 Class 11 0.65 ~ 0.80 0.65g ~ 0.853 Class 111 0.40 ~ 0.65 045g ~ 0.658 Vv <0.40 < 04S 8.1.13 When determining the allowable linear displacement of vibration and the allowable vibration acceleration, the following requirements shall also be conformed: : 8.1.13.1 For clayey soil of relative great pore, loose broken stone. sand of slightly dense or from very wet to saturated, especially for fine sand and silt and for clay from high to medium plastie, smaller value of related kind of soil in Table 8.1.12 shall be selected as the allowable linear displacement of vibration and allowable vibration acceleration; 8.1.13.2 For loess and expanded soi! some related measurement shall be taken in advance, then the allowable value of vibration may be selected in accordance with Table 8.1.12 according to the kind of soil related: 8.1.13.3 When the foundation of shop and forge hammer foundations rest on different kind of soil, the allowable values of vibration shall be selected in accordance with the soil of relative poor one; 8.1.13. When the foundation of the shop and the hammer are both pile foundation, the allowable value of vibration may be selected in accordance with the kind of soil at the pile tip. 8.1.14 The linear displacement of vertical vibration, the natural circular frequency and the vibration acceleration at the top of non-isolated forge hammer foundation may be calculated in accordance with the following formulas: VW, (8.1.14-1)oO, Vv (8.1.14-2) a=d,o, (8.1.14-3) Where Graton acceleration of foundation (mi/s?); k, +g coefficient of linear displacement of vibration; k 1g coefficient of frequency; We - feve! gravity load of foundation, anvil, hammer fame and back- iitee on the foundation (KN), for normal conical she}: foundation it wie also include all the gravity load of the earth within the shell; for fis Sitmdation it shall include the equivalent gravity leads of the pies ind seil among the piles that involves in the vibration, and it hy calculated in accordance with the requiremesis of 3.3.19 in W. > sciusi gravity load of dropping parts (kN); W. Taf ucese coefficient of impact resilience: } RA: peed of dropping parts (m /s}. g coeilivients of linear displacement of ¥ brason and of yor im accordance with the following requirements: o The afiseiag coefficient of linear displacement of vibra besides tock snip bs ‘shen as 0.6, while the adjusting coefficient of ffequeney &, may joa &, tor subsoil, be taken us i &. Fer bration & BELG The jeMoeace coe! fonsksion the adjusting coefficients ‘of linear displacement of may be taken as 1.0. ficient of impact resilience yr may be taken in accordance ih the Paltowang requirements: 1. For ¢ ng hammer, when die-forging steel products if maybe taken as OSs, or 4g non-ferrous metal products i may be taken as O35 g/m" 2, For ite sarnmer it may be taken as 04 s/m'* B.L47 Foo insvonam speed of dropping part V, may be determined in accordance ws! the folowing requirements: BATFE boo forge hammer of single action may be calculated in accordance witis the flowing formula Vi 09/2 gH (LTD, BALET2 Sor Soule setion hammer if may be calculated in accerdance with thefollowing formula: 065, pan eth (8.1.17-2) h 8.1.17.3 When computing by impact energy it may be calculated in accordance with the following formula: _ P2gu ye Where =H ~~ Maximum stroke of dropping part (m): P, —~ Maximum inlet pressure of the cylinder (kPa); A, — Area of the piston of the cylinder (m* ); u — Maximum impact energy of the tug (kJ). 8.1.18 Tor normal conical shall foundation rested on soft clayey soil. the coefficient of compressive stiffness of subsoil stall be taken as 28000 KN /m’, when it is less than 28000 kN /m’. 8.1.19 When designing the C-type forge hammer, its impact centre, centre of area of foundation base and the centre of gravity of foundation set should be located along one vertical line. It is not allowed to use normal conical shell foundation, when they are not on one vertical line, A block foundation may be used, but the impact centre must be aimed at the centre of area of foundation base, and the eccentricity of the impact centre to the gravity centre of foundation set shall not be greater than 5% of the length of the foundation side in the direction of the eccentricity. In this case, the linear displacement of vertical vibration may be calculated in accordance with the following formula (8.1.17-3) = 1,430) (8.1.19) by Where A. — Linear displacement of vertical vibration at edge of hammer foundation, when the impact centre, ecntte of area of foundation base and the centre of gravity of foundation set are not on one vertical line (mn); eo ntricity of impact centre to the gravity centre of foundation set (in); ‘}, ~~ Length of the side of the hammer foundation in the direction of centricity (m). 8.1.20 Total thickness of the pad under the anvil may be calculated in accordance with the following formula and shall not be less than the requirements listed in Table 8.1.20: weMhoE Pia, (8.1.20) Where 4, — Total thickness of the pad under the anvil (m);value of compressive strength of the pad {kPa}, which may be od in accordance with 8.1.21 in this code: #, -~ Mowutas of elasticity of the pad (kPa), which eotondance with 8.1.21 in this code; be selected ‘in W, ivity load of anvil and hammer frame for die forging: and » foad of anvil for free forging (kN): i Avosat anvil base (m*). Babe Minimum thiekness of the pad (mm) Nominal mass of B22) Vhs Gofon value of compressive strength f and modulus E, of elasticity of «i taay he selected in accordance with Table 8.1.2! 21. Design value of compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of the pad Design value of compressive | Modulus of strength f, (kPa) | elasticity £, (kPa) crade of timber “ype of the 0x10" 8.20, TBI 3000 f F800 1700 Yrangversely pail wf TE 10000 Cony - For hammer ax 10" rubber ! For hammer 1 ~ 5t (2500) 8.4.22 TE cement of vertical vibration of the anvil above the pad maybe calculated by the following formula: An = ¥ MoM (8.1.22) Where 41 — Linear displacement of vertical vibration of the anvil above the pad (mm). 8.1.23 The allowable linear displacement of vertical vibration of the anvil shall conform to the following requirements: 8.1.23.1 The allowable linear displacement of vertical vibration for the anvil of non-isolated forge hammer foundation may be selected in accordance with Table 8.1.23. Table 8.1.23 Allowable linear displacement of Vertical vibration of the anvil rart (1) | Allowable linear displacement of vertical vibration (mm) MT 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 ~ 5.0 4.0 10.0 4s 16.0 5.0 $.1.23.2 When an isolation device is taken under the anvil, the allowable linear Upper portion mass of press (1): m1, — Mass of elements above the column of press(t): ‘Mig —~ Mass of upper die of the heaviest die set (0) m, — Total mass of columns, when it is fabricated press, the mass of tensile serew rod shall be included in the mass of columns (1) 9.3.6 The allowable linear displacement of vibration at control point of press foundation shall be used in aecordance with Table 9.3.6. Table 9.3.6 Allowable linear displacement of vibration of press foundation Natural frequency of foundation set (Hz) | Allowable linear displacement of vibration (mm) f, 536 : os 36 < f,<60 j 18/f, t 03 f, 2180, ol-3/f, Note: When calculating the allowable vertical linear displacement of vibration, the natural frequency of foundation set_f, may be takenw,, /24 , When calculating the allowable horizontal linear displacement of vibration, the natural frequency of foundation f, may be taken @,,/2x.{G Hoandation for metal cutting machine-tools 10.0.1) and other meta! cu 10.0.2 The « + applies to the foundation design for general or precise heavy ine-tools and series of machining centre ‘on of machine-tool type may be used in accordance with ie Toachine less than 100 kN is middle and little type machine- chine 100 ~ 300 KN is large type machine-tool; 2 ine 300 ~ 1000 KN is heavy machine-tooi, 10.0.3 Whee swing foundation for metal cutting machine-tools, unless the retevant dase liste-! is 3.1.1 in this code, the following data shall also ke provided by inachine man: 1. The tigare dir 2, When the jp precision for macts ssiowts of machine-tool; on and deformation of foundation are influence or working ‘oot or for caleulating the reinforcement of foundation, the distributed sit gexvity of machine-tool and workpiece, the gravity of moving part or movi Sgecce of machine-tool and of moving range'shall ais be required; 10.0.4 The fey of foundation of machine-tool shall conform io the rollowing requirements: 10,0.4.1 8 retoicos and thickness of concrete ground for installing middle and | conform to the requirements of current national standard yg ground”, the conerete ground may be used litle type asa “Code for devise odustrial buik directly for Gornct- tions of middle and little type machine-tools; 10.0.4.2 Gor oo: iype machine-tool and for the thickness of canc-ete ground of iniddle or Hittis wee Sachine-tool is not conformed to the requirements of current national ‘stats! 2s for design of industrial building ground”. the single foundation or the esvoreted ground with local thickening should be used: W048 Fos ves foundation shal 10.0.8 When read canform te the fel 10.0.5.1 dimension o! } hine-tool and for precise machine-too! the single ion shall »taol is installed on single foundation, its dimes jirements: ‘imension of foundation shall not be less then the outline 2 of machine-tool and ihe requirement dimensions for well as maintenance shall be satisfied: installation ac WGS.2 Vo tick of onerete foundation shail conform to the requirements:of Table 10.0.5; Table 10.0.5 Thickness of concrete foundation for metal cutting machine-tool (m) Nomenclature of machine-tool Thickness of concrete foundation lathe 0.3+0.070L Lathe 0.5+0.150h milling machine 0.2+0.150L planomilling machine 0.340.075L slotting machine 0.3+0,150h planer 0.3+0.070L internal grinder, centerless wrinder, surface grinder 0.3+0.080L guideway grinder 0.4+0.0801. thread grinder, precision cylindrical grinder, gear grinder 0.4+0.100L radial drilling machine 0.2+0.130h deep hole drilling machine 0.3+0.050L. jig borer 0.5+0.150L horizontal borer, floor type borer 0.3+0.120L horizontal broaching machine 0.3+0.050L gear cutting machine 0.340.150. vertical driller 0.3 ~ 06 shaper 0.6 ~ 1.0 Note: (1) In this Table the L is length of machine-tool contour (m), the h is its height (m), all contour dimensions are provided from catalogue and manual of machine- tools (2) In this Table the thickness of foundation is indicated the thickness of bearing part under the base of machine-tool (if it has pad. then it is the thickness under the pad). 10.0.5.3 The general machine-tool, when it requires to improve the working 10% in accordance with the thickness of precision, may be used to increase 5% concrete foundation in Table 10.0. 10.0.5.4 For the series of machining centre, the thickness of concrete foundation may be taken as the type of combination machine-tool with higher precision or longer overall length and may be used in accordance with the same type machine-tool in Table 10.0.5 10.0.6 Except the vibroisolated foundation, the foundation for machine-tool may be not to carry out the dynamic calculation. 10.0.7 ‘The reinforcement of the foundation shall conform to the followingrequirements cement mesh formed by the diameter of 8 ~~ 14 mm steel bar rim should be provided on the following location of sgok: and spaced 1 foundation ter (hy At th cau hoitom surface of foundation, when the foundation 3s built on al nonuniform site; soft subsoil or on grote (2) The lowsttes of foundation subject to nonuniform loading or le QG) At anand less t id Ea, foundation, al impact: pe isp road soitom surfaee of foundation, when its length is more than 6 vn change of and opening in foundation or on the sect (3) The foosioy oi foundation where is less supporting port ond bigger concentrated in: 10.0.7.2 Shoe Sovcth of foundation is more than 11m or gravity nf moving part for machine-tos! >» sozer the reinforcement should be calculated as stab on elastic subsoil, 10.0.8 ination and deformation of foundation are éathience to working Wh cat, then the artificial conselidated subsoil or 4 the deformation the deformation shall be checke pree'sion can WEE Sati crease the rigidity of lows 10.0.9 71 avily of dinghies nt of working precision of machine-oo! is nore high and is built on soft 4 is more than 300 kN, when its foundatio: eatment with preloading for e sun of gravity of the si taouse the t widation the subsoil, tt i ap subsoil, giav: a z may be used 14 ~~ 20 times the machine-too! “ret Sumi gravity of workpiece and distributed in aceordance with actual Ioading vendita to reach gravity of preloading by several stages. the duration of preloading pias be determined in accordance with the consolidation condition of subsoil 10.0.10 Yh 3 machine-tool shall be far away from machine-tool with foundations for large type and heavy inachine-tool or be separated from column footings. frondarioa design for precise machine-tool may be. Laken as one of lowing soeshe separately 1.01101 depth shall {bveisalated ditch may be provided all around the foundation, its “ie depth of foundation, its width should de 100 mm, in vibroisolates be empty or the materials as sponge, emulsion etc. shouldbe filled; 10.0.11.2 The vibroisolated materials as foam plastics, polystyrene etc. may be pasted all around the foundation; 10.0.11.3 All around the foundation may provide a gap and separated from concrete ground, the elastic materials as hair fibered asphalt etc. should be filled in the gap; 10.0.11.4 When requirement of working precision of precise machine-tool is more high, the another treatment with vibroisolation under the bottom of foundation or machine-tool may be used in accordance with the vibrating condition of environment. 10.0.12 Calculating the value of vibration propagated from ground may be used in accordance with the requirements of appendix E in this code.Appendix 4 ?#fluence of vibration of low-frequency machine and impact machine to the building structure AGL Whe building. of the machine -ithers ts a machine with frequency equal to of less than 10 Hz in the «, should be so designed as to keep away from the resonance zone A.0.2 Tie: ‘siiouvee of vibration of non-isolated forge hammer foundation should confocr to he following requirements: 4.0.2.1, fie soduence of forge hammer’s vibration to single story shop building may be éelecte! in accordance with Table A0.2 and relevan’ anti-vibration constructive ts ssoscen shalt be taken Talis AS.2 The influence of forge hammer’s vibration {o single story shop building ‘ominal ‘cadius of influence of Percentage of additional vervicul éynamic load al dynamic load (ro) of the roof structure equiva'ent to static load (ey A.O.22 be scivionad dynamic load shall be catculated in accorciance with the vibration © banener that has biggest influence. For designing eulumns and crane dynami¢ load may not be taken into account. viion coefficient for bearing capacity of sul sail of column foundation 9¢-5 forge hammer foundation may be calculated in accordance with the fp (A.0.2) 1403 nial Where, — Yedvetion coefficient for bearing capacity of subsoil of cohumn codon near by the forge hammer foundation; AO24 Ys iding relevant anti-vibration measures shall also be needed. AW.3 The dalience of drop hammer may be considered in accordance with the following repsieesonene A035 oshing equipment of drop hammer should be fyeated far awayfrom another buildings. Its influence radius to the near by building may be selected in accordance with Table A.0.3; Table A.0.3_ Influence radius of vibration of iron crushing equipment to the near by building (m) Impact energy of drop hammer (ks) Classification and state of soil =600 1200 > 1800 Soil of class I, I, i 30 40 60 soil of class IV (except saturated fine sand, silt and mucky soil ) 40 50 7 Saturated fine sand, silt and mucky soil 30 80 100 A.0.3.2 The influence of vibration of the iron crushing equipment shall be taken into account when the distance between the building and the crushing equipment is less than that of the requirement in Table A.0.3. 0.3.3 Reduction coefficient of bearing capacity of subsoil of the column foundation near by the crushing pit foundation of drop hammer may be calculated by the formula of A.0.2.3 in this code. ‘A.0.3.4 When designing the drop hammer shop, in addition to the relevant anti- vibration constructive measures that shall be taken, the clear height and the joints of building structure shall have preoccupy space for adjustment, and some settlement observation points shall also be set up in accordance with the condition of subsoil.Appendix # oan of anchor pile (bar) foundation BOA the following ‘hor pile (bar) foundation may be used when the rck conforms to. hts 1. The sock" saturated monoaxis ultimate compressive strength is greater than ence of its geologic structure. undeveloped joint and crack, no sandivied of vk ‘cation and good at integrity: 2. Thong ih crack of the rock are developed, but thers is ro eave and cresive water, ai! ition can still be integrated basically. afte: treatment with pressure go B.8.2 The soisievcement for anchor pile shall be constructed like @ cage formed by 4 ~ 6 swe! bars cf 12 ~- 16 mm in diameter, The diameter of the pile hole may be taken as 10% ey BV. Pho hole for anche! be not be fess than tho Gliencter of the reinforcement pla BOS De should not he nent for anchor bar is a single bar, and the diameter of the ne 3 times of the diameter of the reinforcement and should mam. ay be used as the main rei forcement. Colt processing bar alorcement. BAQS 26 fle of anchor pile (bar) should be poured with fine aggregate ce not tess than C30 or with cement meriar ote should be cleaned before pouring. of anchor piles (bars) from centre to-centre steal] not be fess < folg diameter and shall not he jess than 496 mm and also not wer thas win. Phe elear distance to the edge of the foundation should not be n 20 times of ile diameter for fess than 140 oor. {io pile anchoring into the rock shall net be less ib serov bar, and shall not be less than 15 times of fy hole diame’ anchor pile: «") shall be anchored into the foundation not tess than 25 times of reinfors cree BOS Pac joie cress section of main reinforcement of anchor piles (bars) for block fow ° area of the he selected as 0.05% ~~ 0.12% of the be ot be less than the total cross section of ancher bolts of the foundation as! machine arid sbi! ny Aecanged at equal spacing. BG.9 the wii cress section of main reinforcement of anchor pies (bars) for wall type oF erssinu foundation shall not be less than the total cress section of the main reinfexsossenvo? tbe wall or column,Appendix C Dynamic calculation of frame foundation C.1 Calculation of space multi-degree of freedom system C.1.1 Establish the space mechanical model Suppose foundation is a space multi-degree of freedom system, selecting mass point in accordance with the requirement of C.1.4 of this appendix, mass of every segment of member (member between points) is concentrated of its half at both ends of segment respectively, the influence of mass moment of inertia may not be considered. Every mass point is considered as six degrees of freedom that is three linear displacements and three angular displacements. For every segment of member the bending, shearing, torsional and expansive deformations etc, shall be considered. its mechanical mode] may see Fig, C.1.1. Fig. C.1.1 Space mechanical model of frame foundation C.1.2 Calculation of free vibration According to the mechanical model as mentioned above it will be established the static rigidity matrix [A] and mass matrix [44], then solved the following generalized cigen-values: [K] x} = 0°[ a] ix} 12) Alll cigen-couples within 1.4 times of operating rotary speed shall be calculated, every eigen-couple includes a eigenvalue «% and relevant eigenvector {X}, C13 Calculation of forced vibration When the mode resolved method is used in calculating linear displacement of vibration, all the modes within 1.4 times of operating rotary speed shall be added together. Structure damping ratio may be used as 0.0625.C14 Simpttication of mechanical model CAA! Deter dintion of calculated dimensions of members: (1) The distance {orn top of baseplate to centerline of transverse beam may be taken as calvistuted “ungth columa; (2) The dstiwcesetsveen centerline of supports may be taken as calculated span of longitas verse beams. When the difference for spans of transverse beams of e than 30%, its mean value may be taken; 3) When section of beam or column is relatively big cr with hauneh vai (Fig. CPA) She toasts of rigid range of beam may be taken as j (+ ,). but shail not be more than ! ‘ 4 of wansverse beam, the length of rigid raage of column may be taken es =}. but shal! not be more than half of width 4 of longitudinal beam. 2 C14) Sketch of frame beam with haunch CALLA Solectow of nase point: A) Fhe » be set on cross point of column and transverse beam, fongiudina! Lean, ix, may be set on middle point of transverse beam soist pray be set on longitudinal beam at the point of acting of © ts ao exciting force to act. the mass point inay also be set on opan of longitudinal beam is very small, the siass point may be set (4) fe wiles oe esené of uniform cross section column, usually she mass point will not he ve, oof he column of variable cross section, the mass point may be set considerab!C.1.43 The plate type structure may be calculated by dividing into longitudinal and transverse beams. C.2. Simplified calculation of two degree-of -freedom system C.2.1 Calculated diagram of vertical vibration for transverse frame may see Fig. C24. Fig. C.2.1 Calculated diagram of transverse frame 2 Natural circular frequency and mode for transverse frame (displacement ratio) may be calculated in accordance with following formulas: BoB) a(R SS) 4 eK), “E+ K, Beh) 4 at e222) (C.2.2-1) 1m, = Mg + 05M, (€.2.2-3) 1m, = my +054, +7) (C224) (C.2.2-5) > (C.2.2-6)(C.2.2-7) Where e «24 natural vitcular frequency of 2nd mode of treme (rad/s); 7 Sess concentrated at middle point of transverse bear ‘fi; Yi, See enncentrated at top of two columns (1); #2, ~~ Vins: of machine concentrated at middle point of transverse beam (0: m eescaf transverse beam (t); Yok mass on Wo columns of franie transmitted from adjacent »yawlinal beams, including masses of structure and machine (1); ‘6 columns (1 foonee hepween centerlines of two columns in plir of transverse Netarwe trom top of baseplate to centerline of transverse beam (m); stiffness of beam of frame (Nim); ¢iffness of column of frame (kN/m): onless coefficient; © fos , <013ia and the frequency of exciting forse is equal to tion shall be ‘stand 2nd modes, the linear displacement of vib: calculated in ses s.on20 with the following conditions respeclively: £1) Whi doxoncy of exciting force is equal to natural fequenzy of Ist mode, Iscements of vibration at middle point of transverse beam and natural trequies the vertic al the top of ce! © be calculated in accordance with the fi:llowirg formulas: 3rma +(mp Xx) mame Ay = AX 2) When frequency of exciting force is equal to natural frequency of 2nd mode, the vertical linear displacements of vibration at middle point of transverse beam and at top of column may be calculated in accordance with the following formulas: wg, seer) Balas aa KE (C233) AX (C23-4) Where diy — When frequency of exciting force is equal to natural frequency in Ist mode, the vertical linear displacement of vibration at middle point of transverse beam (mm); — When frequency of exciting force is equal to natural frequency in 2nd mode, the vertical linear displacement of vibration at middle point of (C.23-1) (C.2.3-2) Ay = 2B Mona transverse beam (mm); 4, — When frequency of exciting force is equal to natural frequency in Ist mode, the vertical linear displacement of vibration at top af column (mm); —~ When frequeney of exciting force is equal to natural frequency in 2nd mode, the vertical linear displacement of vibration at top of column (mm): — Space influence coefficient of Ist mode; — Space influence coefficient of 2nd mode: . — Maximum dynamic coefficient, may be taken as 8; —~ Coefficient (mm). 2.3.2 Whene,, >013]n, the vertical linear displacements of vibration at middle point of transverse beam and at top of column shall be calculated in accordance with formulas (C.2.3.1) and (C.2.- C.2.3.3 The linear displacements of vibration, calculating in accordance with above formulas. shall conform to the requirements of 5.2.2 and 5.2.3 in this code. C.2.4 The space influence coefficient may be used in accordance with Table C24. 3Space influence coefficient cee ting eo rotary speed of turbogenerator, coefficient, may be oe with Table C.2.5. fable C25 Coefficient, (mm) of iaehine (min)Appendix D Strength calculation and construction of normal conical shell Foundation for forge hammer D.0.1 The determination of shell dimension (Fig. D.0.1) should conform to the following requirements: 1. The inclined length of shell J, should be determined in accordance with the capacity of the hammer and the class of the subsoil; 2. Thickness of the shell fy = 01251, (D.0.1-1) 3. Width of the ring beam (D.0.1-2) 4, Height of the ring beam d, = 0.2001, (0.0.13) 5. outside diameter of the ring beam. dy R, = 183), cose, — wing, +b, (D.0.1-4) 6. Inclination of the shell a, may be taken as 35°. D.0.2 When calculation the strength of the shell section, the partial safety coefficient of the total load on the top of the shell including gravity toad of the foundation, hammer frame and anvil as well as the equivalent load may be taken as 1.2. When calculating the equivalent joad, the partial safety coefficient 1 for material fatigue and etc. may be taken as 2.0, and the coefficient of impact resilience e may be taken as 0.5. D.0.3 The equivalent load on the top of the shell may be calculated in accordance with the following formula: WV er Pa(lte # (03) a Where P — Equivalent load on the top of the shell (KN); 4, ~~ Response time of impact {s) , it may be determined in accordance with the requirement of D.0.4 in this code; - Partial safety coefficient considering the factor of material fatigue and ete.; e — Coefficient of impact resilience a5Fig. D.0.1 Sketch of the shell DAL following tea: = time of impact may be selected in acovslenee with the 1} Land less. when the pad under the anvil sshen the pad fs rubber conveying belt, it may be taken as a limber one , sa timber mveying belt, it may be ‘avier than 1 t, when the pad under the an 50 s.: when the pad is rubber rela the sheil section may be calculated in 2, Has oe (DOS-2) ose, + Ky, Sina, HIS, coset} .05.-3) A. Pens ie crud cova tessive stiffness of shell Ko = (9.0.54) %5. Bending stiffness of shel: Edie = D.05.-5 a 121-7) ) 6. Moment of inertia of shell section per unit width: » es (D.0.5.-6) 4 2 Where ©, — Radial stress of shell (kPa); vy — Hoop stress of shell (kPa); T — Intemal force of ring beam (KN), P, — Total load acting on the top of shell . including the gravity load of foundation, hammer frame, anvil and the equivatent load (KN); XK, — Tensile and compressive stiffness of shell (kN/m); K.q — Bending stiffness of shell (KN-m); 1, ~~ Moment of inertia of shell section per unit width (m? v — Poison’s ratio of reinforced concrete. may be taken as 0.2; ~ Parameter value of radial force per unit width of shell when the load on its top equal to 1 KN may be used in accordance with requirement of D.0.6 in this appendix (1/KN): No —— Parameter value of koop force per unit width of shell when the load on its top equal to | KN may be used in accordance with requirement of D.0.6 in this appendix (1/KN): Q., — Parameter value of radial shear force per unit width of shell when the load on its top equal to 1 KN may be used in accordance with requirement of D.0.6 in this appendix(1/kN-m*"); My > Parameter value of radial moment per unit width of shell when the load on its top equal to 1 KN may be used in accordance with requirement of D.0.6 in this appendix(1/KN_m): My — Parameter value of hoop moment per unit width of shell when the load on its top equal to 1 KN may be used in accordance with requirement of D.0.6 in this appendix (1/KN -m ) D.0.6 The parameter values of radial force, hoop force, shearing force and moment of the shell may be determined in accordance with the following requirements: 0.6.1 When the inclination of shell e, equal to 35°. the coefficient of compressive stitfiness of subsoil greater or equal to 28000 kN/m’, and the load on the top of shell equal to 1 KN, the parameter values of radial force, radial moment , radialshearing Forse, non DO: ‘twee and hoop moment may be used in accordance with Table Table 8.6.6 Parametric values of internal forces of norma? ___conical shell foundation ' @ eG My fol [ytate-m)] [yes | ivan) [GaN m)] oa | 0164107 | 9109-10 | Os99~107 | ~-9228< 108 -oxs7xta® | adie 0% | 031810" SA 16% 10° Olde | 0220.10" | -9671 107 airsx1® | onéiete | asta? 267210 ow se) agate le conant* | aagnie® | ogoeaio® | -n197 10" iW” 0103 «10° 9274 «10% O78t10* ga oe} comma Parca’ Pumice a Tuam? | oainein® Passat ~asx19” | aig | ass9xi9 ee oassers” | agszete! ee Us70n 10" |_9AD6R ID? 182210" i Sod" Lo 8.288 «10 ao 1 923910" 920210" ay? } 0107 «tar a3 10 we) -eag9. 10 Sasce® | cameo? [ange | assis! | ona" ry | cage | arer i" Od Ke 13.986 » 576.10" | guDy Ie 126% 10" “Wo | fags x10? Loo 140810 —p ag. wt | agies to 6.40, : 024719 0307 « b> D.ts,2 8 he nelination of shell a, equal ta 30°, the vihies in Table D.0.6shall be multiplied by 1.2; when the inclination of shell a, equal to 40°, the tabulated value shall be multiplied by 0.8; the values in between may be calculated by interpolation: 1.0.6.3 For shetl foundation rested on the soil with a coefficient of compressive stiffness less than 28000 kN/m?, the values in Table D.0.6 shall be multiplied by 12.Appendi: ©. (2teulation for vibrational attenuation on ground E.Qi Whe d tic’ machine founda vibration, ‘eat or horizontal linear displacement of vibration on ground at distance on) Sse: ccptre of that foundation shall be determined by experiment in site. Whe sion is not availed, it may be calvulated in accerdance with the follow ‘ormulas: jon generates vertical or horizontal (£.0.1-1) »gular foundations: 7, fov vireular foundation: 7%, = ‘ var displacement of vibration on ground at distance r fcom centre foundation (m): placement of vibration of vibrating foundation (in) ssponey of exciting forve for machine on foundation. in general, it ©» 80 Hz: For foundation of impact machine, the natural of foundation m: * circular foundation or the equivalent radius of rectangular be used (Hz foundations (m}; ee with custualess coefficient, it may be used in ace 0.2 in this appendix: + coHicient of energy absorption of subsoil (sin), i ms vance with requirement of E.0.3 in this append mesic influence coefficient, it may be used in accordance with ouaement of de used in veqeinnmeant of. 0.4 in this appendis, jess coefficient J, is related to character © sizhsoil and the © with Table EO? The base area ef eoiuirg ibundation, its value may be used in accorday E‘Nomenclature Common clayey | 0.70 ~ soil, Table E.0.2 Coefficient 3, Radius or equivalent radius of vibrating foundation ry (m) of soil <5 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 30 | 60 } 370 silty soil, sandy} 0,95 | 955 } 045 | 040 | 035 soil 0.25 ~ | 0,23 ~ | 0.15 ~ 030 | 030 | 0.20 Saturated soft soil 0.50 ~ 0.35 ~ | 0.23 ~ oss | | 0.40 | 030 0.22 ~ | 0.20 ~ | 0.10 ~ 030 | 025 | 0.20 0.70 ~ | 0.65 ~ | 0.60 ~ | 0.53 ~ Rock 080 | 0.70 | 0.65 | 0.60 0.50 ~ | 0.45 ~ | 0.25 ~ 0.55 | 050 | 035 Note: (1) For saturated soft soil, when depth of underground water equal to or less than I'm, 4, is taken as smaller value, when it is 1~25m, ¢, is taken as larger value, when it is more than 2.5m, , is taken as value of common clayey soil; (2) For thickness of rock-cover-layer within 2.5 m, £,is taken as larger value, when it is 2.5 ~ 6.0 m, ¢, is taken as smaller value, when it is more than 6m, ¢, is taken as value of common clayey soil. E.0.3 The value of coefficient of energy absorption of subsoil a, according the character of subsoil may be used in accordance with Table E.0.3. Table E.0.3 Vatue of coefficient of energy absorption of subsoil , Nomenclature and state of subsoil a. (sim) Shale, lime-stone (0.385 ~ 0.485) 10% Rock (cover layer 1.5 ~ 2.0m) Sand-stone (0.580 ~ 0.775) x 107 Lov plastic clay (0.385 ~ 0.525)x 10% Medium dense block stone, cobble (0.850 ~ 1.100) 107 Medium plastic clay and medium dense coarse sand {0.965 ~ 1.200) 10% High plastic clay, silty sand and slightly dense medium sand, coarse sand (1.285 ~ 1.450)% 107 Silty clay, silty sind and saturated fine sand (1.200 ~ 1,300) 107 Recent consolidating clay and unsaturated loose sand (1.800 ~ 2.050) 10% ”Note: (i) oe vise Sind subsoil, the small value ais applied to the big vibrating ¥ 10 t, 16 t forge hammer), while the larger value is applied to the rT rating equipment, sane. condition, the larger value a, is applied to the dig void ratio of soil, value 2, is applied to the small void ratio 07 soil, E.G4 Dvnwoe influence coefficient , may be used in accordance with Table r Dynamic influence coefficient. jx Aten of finsieation tase A (im? yAppendix F Calculation for dynamic coefficient with damping of press foundation 7),,. F.0.1 In starting stage of press generated exciting pulse which includes vertical, horizontal exciting force and exciting moment, its type is between in terminal peak sawtooth shock pulse and symmetrical triangular shock pulse and most closed the terminal peak sawtooth shock pulse, therefore the both dynamic coefficient 7,4, of terminal peak sawtooth shock pulse and symmetrical triangular shock pulse are listed respectively, its value may be used in accordance with the requirements of F.0.2 herein. F.0.2. When the exciting force is terminal peak sawtooth shock pulse or symmetrical triangular shock pulse, the dynamic coefficient with damping 1,,, of foundation set may be selected from Tables F.0.2-1 ~ F.0.2-2 in accordance with following requirements: 1. For dynamic coefficient with damping 7,,,. in compression , the damping ratio ¢ and natural period 7, may be taken the damping ratio in compression ¢, and natural period T,, of foundation set; 2. For dynamic coefficients with damping in Ist. and 2nd. mode of coupled with translating and rocking vibration 7,...+ Paeay the damping ratio ¢ and natural period 7, may be taken the damping ratio and natural period in Ist. and 2nd. mode of coupled with translating and rocking vibration ¢,.1. S.gs and 7%, Ti, of foundation set respectively: 3. The pulse durations 1,0f vertical, horizontal and rocking exciting force or exciting moment of foundation set are all same. + 3‘The value of 77,,¢ for shock pulse of terminal peak sawtooth exciting force T T on rs 1) O92 | 1 joe | 022 | @ ea SRT sa g.i35 | tas Pat) slodaaim [oeamnd ess e846 f fe. S94: i pave} 10051 Lo? 3 je os34 | 0.9630 | 1673 | £1420 | £1179) 1.0949 | 1.9730 . 1.0130 | 0.9946 | 6, O8 VA74S | 10530 | 1.1327] 1.1933 | 4.0947 | 1.0768 | 1.0597 | 1.0432 | 1.0273 | 1.0120 | 0.997) | 0.9827 ao 1.0921 | 1.0802 | 1.0686 | 1.0572 | $.0460 | 1.0350 | 1.0241 | 1.0134 | 1.0028 | 0.9922 | 0.9818 | 0.9715 Lo 1.6000 | 0.9996 | 0.9984 | 0.9965 | 0.9938 | 0.9906 | 0.9867 | 0.9823 | 0.9774 | 0.9721 | 0.9664 | 0.9604 | 0.9541 1 | i L 104 fant | 22008 1.1 | 0.9154 [0.9253 | 0.9332 | 0.9392 | 0.9436 | 0.9465 | 0.9482 | 0.9488 | 0.9483 | 0.9471 [0.9451 | 0.9424 | 0.9392 0.8787 | 0.8928 | 0.9083 | 0.9134 | 0.9206 | 6.9260 | 0.9299 | 0.9326 | 0.9341 | 0.9347 | 0.9344 | 0.9334 | 0.9317 0.8980 } 0.9078 | 0.9157 | 0.9220 | 0.9269 | 0.9305 | 0.9331 | 0.9347 | 0.9388 | 0.9356 } 0.9350 | 0.9339 | 0.9323, }0.9556 | 0.9551 | 0.9546 | 0.9540 | 0.9532 | 0.9522 | 0.9510 | 0.9495 { 0.9478 | 0.9459 | 0.9438 | 0.9414 | 0.9389 [4.0223 | 1.0108 | 1.0011 | 0.9929 | 0.9857 | 0.9795 | 0.9739 | 0.9689 | 0.9643 | 0.9599 | 0.9558 | 0.9519 | 0.9481 1.0737] 1.0542 | 1.0379 T L241 | 1.0123 | 1.0022 | 0.9934 | 0.9856 | 0.9787 10.9726 | 6.9669 | 0.9617 | 0.9568 1.0959 | 1.0737 | 1.0550 | 1.0302 | 1.0258 | 1.0142 | 1.0022 | 0.9954 | 0.9876 | 0.9807 | 0.9744 | 0.9686 | 0.9633 1.0858 | 1.0066 | 1.9504 | 1.0366 | 1.0247 | 7.0144 | 7.0053 | 0.9973 | 0.9901 | 0.9835 | 0.9776 | 0.9721 | 09669 1.0494 | 1.0381 | 1.0284 | 1.0198 | 1.0122 | 1.0052 | 0.9988 | 0.9929 | 09873 | 0.982) | 0.9772 | 0.9725 | 0.9681 {1.0000 | 0.9996 | 0.9985 | 0.9967 | 0.9954 | 0.9916 | 0.9886 | 0 9854 | 0.9820 | 0.9785 | 0.9749 | 0.9713 | 0.9678 0.9556 | 0.9652 | 0.9718 | 0.5760 | 0.9784 | 0.9793 | 0.9792 | 0.9783 | 0.9767 | 0.9747 | 0.9724 | 0.9698 | 0.9671 0.9325 | 0.9472 | 0.9577 | 0.0648 | 0.9095 | 0.9724 | 0.9738 10.9741 | 0.9736 | 0.9725 | 0.9709 | 0.9690 | 0.9668 (0.9386 fo.9siel ¢ i Se USO 398 | 0.9659 | 6.9700 | 0.9724 | 0.9736 | 0.9739 0.9725 1 0.9711 | 0.9695 | 0.9673 0.9743 | G.9726 | 0.9707 | 0.9686 | 0.9664 | 0.9641 | 6.5617 4 | 9.9771 | 0.9749 | 0.9726 | 0.9703 | 0.9680 | 0.9657 | 0.9633 | 0.9800 10.9773 | 0.9747 | 0.9722 | 0.9697 v 1.0589 | 1.0395 | 1.0251 | 1.0242 | 1.0058 | 0.9992 | 0.9939 | 0.9894 0.9823 | 0.9792 | 0.9764 | 0.9738 | 0.9713 i I | Loses 1.0373 | 1.0241 | 1.0141 | 1.0063 | 1.0000 | 0.9949 | 0.9905 0.9835 | 0.9805 | 0.9777 | 0.9750 | 0.9725, 0.9685 {61.9723 | 0.9733 | W770 | 4.9779 | G.I78L | 0.9777 | 6.9769 08! | 0.9840 8.9926 | 0.9894 | 0.9866 Bly, STS 1.0005 | 0.9998 | 0.9944 [6.9900 | 0.9863 1.0523 | 1.0218 | 2.0137 } 1.0072 | 1.0019 | 0.9973 | 0.9934 | 0.9898 | 0.9867 | 0.9837 | 0.9810 | 0.9784 | 0.9759 | 0.9735 1.0000 | 0.9996 | 0.9985 | 0.9969 | 0.9949 | 0.9928 | 0.9905 | 0.9881 | 0.9857 | 0.9834 | 0.9810 | 0.9787 | 0.9764 | 0.9742The value of 17... for shock pulse of symmetrical triangular exciting force <] 000 | 002 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.10 | 0.12 | 014 | O16 | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 030 I 0.5116 | 0.3021 [0.2931 0.6079 | 0.5893 | 0.5718 0.8747 | 0.8480 | 0.8228 1.0997 | 1.0661 | 1.0344 1.2732 | 1.2344 | 1.1976 1.3919 [1.3497 | 1.3099 1.4657 | 1.4222} 1.3812 1.5049 } 1.4615 } 1.4205 1.5172] 1.4751 1.5085 | 1.4687 | 1.4311 14835} 1.4467 [1.4119 1,4460 | 1.4127] 1.3813 1.3991 | 1.3698 | 1.3422 1.3456 | 1.3205 } 1.2970 1.2879 | 1.2672 | 1.2480 1.2279 T1.2118f 1.1970 1.1676 | 1.1561} 1.1459 1.1086 | 1.1017 | 1.0964 1.0523 } 1.0504 | 1.0505, 1.0000 | 1.0052 {1.0121 0.2764 [0.2688 [0.2615 [0.2545 | 0.2479 | 0.2416 | 0.2356 | 0.2299 | 0.2244 | 0.2191 | 0.2141 | 0.2092 0.5394 | 0.5244 | 0.5102 | 6.4966 | 0.4837 | 0.4714 | 0.4597 | 0.4485 | 0.4377 | 0.4275 | 0.4177 | 0.4083 0.7761 | 6.7546 | 0.7341 | 0.7146 | 0.6961 | 0.6784 | 0.6615 | 0.6454 | 0.6300 | 0.6152 | 0.6011 | 0.5876 0.9758 | 0.9487 | 0.9230 | 0.8985 | 0.8752 | 0.8530 | 0.8318 | 0.8116 | 0.7922 | 0.7737 | 0.7560 | 0.7390 1.1298 | 1.0985 | 1.0688 | 1.0405 | 1.0136 | 0.9880 | 0.9635 | 0.9402 | 0.9179 | 0.8966 | 0.8762 | 0.8567 1.2366 | 1.2027 | 1.1706 [1.1407 [7.1110 | 1.0834 | 1.0570 | 1.0319 | 1.0079 | 0.9849 [0.9630 [0.9420 1.3054 | 1.2706 | 1.2375 | 1.2060 | 1.1762 | 1.1477 | 1.1206 | 1.0947 | 1.0700 | 1.0464 | 1.0238 | 1.0022 1.3452 | 1.3105 | 1.2775 | 1.2463 | 1.2165 | 1.1882 | 1.1612 | 1.1395 | 1.1109 | 1.0874 | 1.0649 | 1.0434 1.3624 | 1.3288 | 1.2969 | 1.2666 | 1.2377 | 1.2103 | 1.1841 } 1.1592 } 1.1353 | 1.1125 | 1.0907 | 1.0698 1.3620 | 1.3302 | 1.3001 | 4.2114 | 1.2441 | 1.2182 | 1.1934 | 1.1697 | 1.1471 | 1.1255 | 1.1048 | 1.0849 1 1 1 1 1 1 3481 | 1.3187 | 1.2908 [1.2643 [1.2391 [1.2151 | 1.1921 | 1.1702 F 1.1492 | 1.1291 | 1.1099 [1.0914 3237 | 1.2972 | 1.2728 | 1.248) | 1.2254 | 1.2036 | 1.1829 | 1.1630 | 1.1440 | 1.1257 | 1.1082 | 1.0913 2916 | 1.2684 | 1.2463 | 1.2253 | 1.2053 | 1.1861 | 1.1678 | 1.1503 | 1.1334 | 1.1172 | 1.1015 | 1.0864 2541 | 1.2344 | 1.2156 | 1.1978 | 1.1808 | 1.1645 | 1.1488 | 1.2337 | 1.1192 | 1.1051 | 1.0915 | 1.0782 1.2131 | 1.1972 | 1.1820 | 1.1675 | 1.1537 | 1.1403 | 1.1274 | 1.1149 | 1.1027 | 1.0909 | 1.0794 | 1.0681 1.1706 | 1.1586 | 1.1472 [1.1362 | 1.1256 | 1.1152 [7.1051 | 1.0952 | 1.0855 | 1.0759 | 1.0664 | 1.0570 1.1283 | 1.1204 | 1.1128 | 1.1054 | 1.0980 | 1.0907 | 1.0834 | 1.0760 | 1.0686 | 1.0611 | 1.0536 | 1.0460 1.0881 | 1.0844 | 1.0807 | 1.0768 | 1.0726 | 1.0682 | 1.0634 | 1.0584 | 1.0531 | 1.0475 | 1.0417 | 1.0358 1.0523 | 1.0528 | 1.0528 | 1.0521 | 1.0508 | 1.0489 | 1.0464 | 1.0433 | 1.0398 | 1.0359] 1.0316 | 1.0269 1.0240 | 1.0282 | 1.0312 | 1.0331 | 1.0340 | 1.0340 | 1.0332 | 1.0316 | 1.0294 | 1.0267 | 1.0235 | 1.0199 0.9755 | 0.9881 1.0065 11.0129 {1.0176 | 1.0210 | 1.0281 | 1.0241 | 1.0242 [1.0235 | 1.0222 | 1.0202 1.0177 | 1.0147 0.9712 | 0.9836 1.0017 | 1.0079 | 1.0126 | 1.0159 | 1.0181 | 1.0192 | 1.0195 | 1.0191 | 1.0179 | 1.0162 | 1.0140 | 1.0114 0.9884 | 0.9959 1.0076 | 1.0117 | 1.0148 | 1.0169 | 1.0182 | 1.0187 | 1.0185 | 1.0177 | 1.0163 | 1.1045 | 1.0123 | 1.0097 1,0165 | 1.0178 1.0205 | 1.0215 } 1.0221 | 1.0222 | 1.0220 | 1.0213 | 1.0201 | 1.0186 } 1.0168 | 1.0146 | 1.0121 | 1.0094 1.0479 | 1.0430 1.0366 | 1.0342 | 1.0321 | 1.0300 | 1.0280 | 1.0258 | 1.0236 | 1.0212 | 1.0186 | 1.0159 | 1.0130 | 1.0099 1.0777 | 1.0676 1.0531 | 1.0476 ] 1.0429 | 1.0387 | 1.0349 | 1.0313 | 1.0278 | 1.0245 | 1.0211 | 1.0178 1.1033 { 1.0892 1.0680 | 1.0599 | 1.0530 } 1.0470 | 1.0416 | 1.0367 | 1.0322 | 1.0279 | 1.0239 | 1.0200 1.1235 | 1.1063 1.1736 | 1.1185 1145s 1.0803 | 1.0702 | 1.0615 | 1.0540 | 1.0474 | 1.0414 | 1.0361 | 1.0311 | 1.0265 | 1.0221 1.0892 } 1.0777 | 1.0679 | 1.0594 | 1.0518 | 1.0152 | 1.0391 | 1.0336 | 1.0286 | 1.0238 1.0945 | 1.0823 | 1.0718 | 1.0627 | 1.0547 | 1.0476 | 1.0412 | 1.0354 | 1.0300 | 1.0251Appendix © Uxplanation of words in this code 1 teat different situations according to. their individual the implementation of this code, words denoting the different ‘sof demands are explained as follows: ioting a very strict or mandatory requirement: ed for affirmation; siact oe fs used for negation. 2, Words denoting a strict requirement under normal conditieas; hy sed for affirmation; Dall not “is used for negation, 3. Wands denvtin 1% a permission of slight choice or an indicstion of the most ce when conditions are allowed: +s * may “ are used for affirmation: how dare” is used for negation. form to” or “shall be in accordance with” are used to indicate implement items in this code accordiny to other relativeAdditional Notes Chief Editorial Unit, Participating Chief Editorial Uonm iti: Participating Units: Units and Main Drafting Staffs Institute of Project Planning & Research of Ministry of Machinery Industry. China Huangiu Chemical Engineering Corp. North China Electric Power Design Institute of Ministry of Electric Power Industry. DFM CO. Factory Design Institute. Ninth Institute of Design & Research of China Shipping Central Corp. Chang Sha Black Metallurgical Mine Institute of Design & Research of Ministry of Metallurgical Industry. Central Research Institute of Building and Construction of Ministry of Metallurgical Industry. Fourth Institute of Design & Research of Ministry of Machinery Industry. First Institute of Desiga & Research of Ministry of Machinery Industry. SINOPEC Beijing Design Institute. Second Design Institute of Ministry of Chemical Industry. Fifth Design & Research Institute of China Ordnance. Petrochemical Design Institute of Fujian Province. Hunan University. Fourth Design Institute of Ministry of Chemical Industry. Jilin Chemical Industrial Corp. Design Institute. Fighth Design Institute of Ministry of Chemical Industry. Electrical Power Surveying & Designing Institute of Hebei Province. South-west Electrical Power Design Institute of Ministry of Electric Power Industry. ”Electrical Power Construction & Research Institute of Ministry of Electric Power Industry. jw Chunkang, "Yang Wenjun, Zhai Rongmin, Zhang Dade. Li Xizhen, Wu Niayuan, Ye Hexiu, Jiang Shu, Wang Zhenkun, Chen Jiaye, Liu Chuansheng, Pan Fulan, ‘Wang Yisun, Xie Fuji, He Buxue, Zhang Xiangbo, Ma Shit. Li Xizhen, Chen Yuanchun Reviser Liu Chunkang Pang Laisu, Ven Zhuping, Wang Xikang, 1g Xianjian, Wang Ruilan, Li fingbo, Dar Wenbin, Luo Guoshu,