PROJECTILE MOTION

The motion in the vertical direction is the same as that of a ball thrown upward with an initial velocity
uy = u sin and acceleration = g downward.
So at time t vertical component of velocity vy = uy gt = u sin gt
Displacement along y direction

y = (u sin ) t 1/2 gt2

..........(ii)
..........(iii)

Substituting the value of t from eq. (i) in eq. (iii)

x 1 x
we get y = (u sin )

g
u cos 2 u cos
or y = x tan

g
2u cos2
2

. x 2 . This is eq. of parabola.

The trajectory of projectile is parabolic

The projectile will rise to maximum height H (where vx = u cos , vy = 0) and the move down again to reach
the ground at a distance R from origin.
Setting x = R and y = 0 (since projectile reaches ground again)
O = R tan

We get R =
or R =

2u cos

.R 2

2u2
. sin cos
g
u2 sin2
g

If time for upward journey is t at highest point

vy = 0

0 = (u sin ) gt (vy = uy gt)

so

u sin
g

or

t=

T = 2t

(it will take same time for downward journey)

Time of flight T =

2u 2 cos 2 sin

g
cos

or Range R =

g
2

2usin
g

At the highest point y = H and vy = 0

So that H =

u 2y
2g

v 2y = u 2y 2gy

or Maximum Height

H=

u2 sin2
2g

Maximum height and Time of flight depends on

Vertical component of Initial velocity.