IndianSpaceResearchOrganisation(ISRO)

TestPreparation

ElectronicsandCommunicationEngineering

GraduateAptitudeTestinEngineering(GATE)

ForECEengggraduates,howdoIpreparefortheISRO
SCexam?WhatallsubjectsandmaterialsdoIhaveto
prepare?HowdoIcracktheinterview?

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4Answers
ArunKrishnakumar,WorksinISRO,M.TechCommuncationEngg.fromIITDelhi,
Scienceenthusiast
31.3kViewsUpvotedbySujitMenon,Scientist/Engineer@IndianSpaceResearch
Organization
ArunisaMostViewedWriterinElectronicsandCommunicationEngineering.

Iamapersonwhocrackedthistwoyearsago...IampartofISROfrommarch2013.First
Iwillwriteaboutpreparingforthetestfollowedbyinterviewpreparation
tips.
THETEST
Eligibility:BE/B.TechorequivalentinFirstClasswithanaggregateminimumof65%
(averageofallsemestersforwhichresultsareavailable).FinalyearB.Techstudentscan
alsoapply.The"ELECTRONICS"testpapercanbegivenbystudentswhohavedone
Electronicsandcommunication,AppliedElectronics&InstrumentationandElectrical
Engineering.TheTestconsistsof80questions(3markseach)andthereisnegative
marking(1mark).Thetestdurationistwohours.
Lookfortheadvertisementandyouneedtoapplyonline.Thewrittentestwillbe
conductedattenvenuesviz.,Ahmedabad,Bengaluru,Bhopal,Chennai,Guwahati,
Hyderabad,Kolkata,Mumbai,NewDelhiandThiruvananthapuram.
ThosewhoarealreadyemployedunderCentral/StateGovt/PSU/AutonomousBodies
shouldproduceNoobjectioncertificatefromtheemployer.
1.PreviousyearquestionpapersareavailableinISROsite
Goingthrougheachquestionpaperwillclearlygiveyouanideaaboutpatternofexam.
(takeprintoutofallthesepapers,italwaysbetterthanreferringsoftcopyinPC).
Questionsareverydirectcomparedtogate(besurethatnotwistedorhighlyconceptual
questionswillbeasked).Ifeelthatthereisalsolesstimepressureduringexam.Butfor
eachtopic,syllabusismoreadvancedthangateandweightageofvarioustopicsare
completelydifferent.
Trytosolveeachquestionpaperinstipulatedtime(atleastpast3years),duringthe
preparationtime.Ifyouarealreadypreparingforgate,startISROtestpreparation
directlybysolvingpreviousyear.Notethatyoucannotusecalculator.Sodontexpect
numericallydifficultproblems.Alsomoretheoryisaskedcomparedtogate.
2.Previousyearquestionpaper(till2013)withsolutionisavailableBSNL
DRDOISRO:ElectronicandCommunicationEngineeringPreviousYear
SolvedPapers2ndEditionpublishedbyMadeEasy
Thiswillsavelotoftimeratherthanyousearchingindifferentbooksforanswers.Ifyou
arehavingtouchwithalltopics,thisbookmaynotbethatusefulasquestionsaremostly
directonlyandsolvablewiththehelpofstandardbooks.Doingyourselfhelpsyou
understandbetterandisagoodrevision.SoIrecommendyoutonotbuythisbookifyou
arepreparingforgate.
3.Syllabusdifferentfromgate
OfficiallyinISROsite,syllabusisnotgivenbutfollowingaresomegeneral
trends
Moreemphasistocommunication,Electromagnetic&microwavetheory,anddigital
electronics
(1)ElectronDevicesandICs:
Energybandsinsilicon,intrinsicandextrinsicsilicon.Carriertransportinsilicon:
diffusioncurrent,driftcurrent,mobility,andresistivity.Generationandrecombinationof
carriers.pnjunctiondiode,Zenerdiode,tunneldiode,BJT,JFET,MOScapacitor,
MOSFET,LED,pInandavalanchephotodiode,integratedcircuitsfabricationprocess,
oxidation,diffusion,ionimplantation,photolithography,ntub,ptubandtwintubCMOS
process.
Straightforwardproblemsareonlyasked,whichcanbesolvedwithbasicconceptsin
diode,BJT,JFETandMOSFET(lessimportant).Expecttheoryquestionsalsofromother
topics.
(2)SignalsandSystems:
ClassificationofsignalsandsystemsSystemmodelingintermsofdifferentialand
differenceequationsFourierseriesFouriertransformsandtheirapplicationtosystem

HowdoIpreparefortheISROSCexam?Whatbooks
andmaterialsshouldIuse?HowdoIcrackthe
interview?
HowdoIcrackISROSC?
IbelongtoECE.WhichsubjectshouldIpreparejust
toqualifyfortheGATEexam?
Howoneshouldpreparetocrackthejuniorscientist
SCexaminmechanicalengineering?
HowdoIprepareforISROSCinterview?Whatkindof
questionsareaskedgenerallyforanECEbranch
candidates?
ForaCSEstudent,howdoIprepareforanISRO
exam?WhatsubjectsandmaterialsdoIhaveto
study?HowdoIcracktheinterview?
WhattwosubjectsshouldIpreparefortechnical
interviewsforECEbranch?

analysisLaplacetransformsandtheirapplicationtosystemanalysisConvolutionand
superpositionintegralsandtheirapplicationsZtransformsandtheirapplicationstothe
analysisandcharacterizationofdiscretetimesystemsRandomsignalsandprobability
CorrelationfunctionsSpectraldensityResponseoflinearsystemtorandominputs.
Mostlydirectbutexpectslightlyindirectalso
(3)NetworkTheory:
NetworkanalysistechniquesNetworktheorems,transientresponse,steadystate
sinusoidalresponseNetworkgraphsandtheirapplicationsinnetworkanalysisTellegen's
theorem.TwoportnetworksZ,Y,handtransmissionparameters.Combinationoftwo
ports,analysisofcommontwoports.
OnlydirectproblemsonnetworkswithInductor,Capacitorandresistors
(4)ElectromagneticTheory:
AnalysisofelectrostaticandmagnetostaticfieldsLaplace'sandPoisson'sequations
BoundaryvalueproblemsandtheirsolutionsMaxwell'sequationsapplicationtowave
propagationinboundedandunboundedmediaTransmissionlines:basictheory,
standingwaves,matchingapplications,Elementsofantennatheoryandmicrowavebasics.
Expectmajorityquestionsfromthistopic.Studythistopicreallywell,asmanytheory
questionsandproblemsareaskedfromthis.Manyquestionsfrommicrowaveisasked
whichisoutofsyllabusforgate.Studysatellitecommunicationlinkdesignandantenna
theoryalso.QuestionsfromtopicswhichwedontusuallyfindimportantforGATEcan
come.
(5)AnalogElectronicCircuits:
Transistorbiasingandstabilization.Smallsignalanalysis.Poweramplifiers.Frequency.
response.Widebandingtechniques.Feedbackamplifiers.Tunedamplifiers.Oscillators,
Rectifiersandpowersupplies.OpAmp,555timer,PLL,otherapplications.Pulseshaping
circuitsandwaveformgenerators.
MainlycircuitswithBJTandOPAMPSonlyasked.AlsolearnRectifierswithzenerdiode
(6)DigitalElectronicCircuits:
Booleanalgebra,simplificationofBooleanfunctionKarnaughmapandapplicationsIC
LogicgatesandtheircharacteristicsIClogicfamilies:DTL,TTL,ECL,NMOS,PMOSand
CMOSgatesandtheircomparisonCombinationallogiccircuitsHalfadder,Fulladder
DigitalcomparatorMultiplexerDemultiplexerROMandtheirapplications.Flipflops.
RS,JK,DandTfliptopsDifferenttypesofcountersandregisters.Waveform
generators.A/DandD/Aconverters.
Lotofverystraightforwardquestionsasked.SobrushupeverythingandstudyA/D
converterswhichisnotthatimportantforgate.
(7)ControlSystems:
TransientandsteadystateresponseofcontrolsystemsEffectoffeedbackonstabilityand
sensitivityRootlocustechniquesFrequencyresponseanalysis.Conceptsofgainand
phasemarginsConstantMandConstantNNichol'sChartApproximationoftransient
responsefromConstantNNichol'sChartApproximationoftransientresponsefrom
closedloopfrequencyresponseDesignofControlSystemsCompensatorsIndustrial
controllers.
Veryfewquestionsareasked,thattoostraightforwardnegativefeedbackquestion,
systemresponseetc.andrelatedtoconceptsinrootlocusandothergraphicalmethods.

(8)CommunicationSystems:
Randomsignalsandnoise:probability,randomvariables,probabilitydensityfunction,
autocorrelation,powerspectraldensity.Analogcommunicationsystems:amplitudeand
anglemodulationanddemodulationsystems,spectralanalysisoftheseoperations,
superheterodynereceiverssignaltonoiseratio(SNR)calculationsforamplitude
modulation(AM)andfrequencymodulation(FM)forlownoiseconditions.Digital
communicationsystems:pulsecodemodulation(PCM),differentialpulsecode
modulation(DPCM),digitalmodulationschemes:amplitude,phaseandfrequencyshift
keyingschemes(ASK,PSK,FSK),matchedfilterreceivers,bandwidthconsiderationand
probabilityoferrorcalculationsfortheseschemes.BasicsofTDMA,FDMA,CDMAand
GSM.Codingtheory
Comparedtogatesyllabus,thisishavinglotofadvancedtopics.Studyeachandevery
headinginthis.Anythingcanbeasked(mostlydirectbutexpectlittletrickyquestions
here).EvenquestionsfromcodingtheoryhavebeenaskedeventhoughnotinGATE
syllabus.
(9)ComputerEngineering:
NumberSystems.DatarepresentationProgrammingElementsofahighlevel
programminglanguagePASCAL/CUseofbasicdatastructuresFundamentalsof

computerarchitectureProcessordesignControlunitdesignMemoryorganization,I/o
SystemOrganization.Microprocessors:Architectureandinstructionsetof
Microprocessor's8085and8086,AssemblylanguageProgramming.Microprocessor
Basedsystemdesign:typicalexamples.Personalcomputersandtheirtypicaluses.
Thistopicyouwillfinddifficulttostudy,asitisnotforGATEandfrompreviousyear
paperitisnoteasyforpinpointingeventhecorrectsyllabus.Manytopicselectronics
studentsarenotstudying(mostlycomputersciencepeopleonlyknowstheanswerssoget
theirhelpinfindinganswersinthepreviousyearpapers).Betterdontwastetoomuch
timeinthis.Studyonlybasicconceptsincomputernetworks,computerorganizationand
microprocessor(studyifyouhavedoneitaspartofuniversitysyllabusandleavethe
moreadvancedtopicsinthisanddevotemoretimeontogatesyllabuspart)
4.Somegeneraltips
1.Calculatornotallowed,sothatmeansnumericallyeasierproblemsandlotoftheory
questions.Comparedtogate,questionsaremoredirectbutsyllabusisvastandexpect
someunexpectedquestions..)
2.Majorityofquestionsfromelectromagnetictheory,digitalsystemsandcommunication
systems.Thisisastandardtrendinpreviousyear.Theweightagetoothertopicschange
drasticallyfromoneyeartoother(unlikeingatewherethereisamoreconsistenttrendin
markdistributionamongthetopics)
3.Dontwastetimeinthestudyingnewthingsincomputerengineeringpart.
4.AlwaysfewquestionsfromMathsisalsoasked.Butsyllabusisagainveryvast
comparedtonumberofquestionsyouget,butagaineveryyearfeweasyquestionsare
asked.Brushupthethingswhichyouknowwell.Syllabusappearstobesameasthatof
gate.
THEINTERVIEW
1.NoHRquestionsareusuallyasked,stillshowthatyouaresmart
2.Panelwillhavearound10memberswithIIScandIITprofessorsandSeniorpeoplefrom
ISRO
3.Usuallythree/fourfavouritesubjectsareasked(don'ttelleasiertopicslikedigital
electronicsortheywillsoondriftawayfromyourfavouritesubjectstoothertopics)
4.TheywillfocusmainlyonthesetopicsandurB.Techproject.Butintheendask
questionsfromRandomtopics/practicalthingsalso
5.Forpeoplewhohavebeenworking,theymayfocusmoreonyourworkexperience
ratherthansubjectknowledge
6.HaveageneralawarenessaboutISRO,itscentresandmajormilesstonesachievedin
therecentpast
7.UrMarkinwrittenisnotagreatfactoraslongasyouperformwellininterview
8.Ifyouhadpoorgradesinsomecourses,theymayaskyouwhathappened(Ithappened
tome)andthenaskafewquestionsfromthatarea
9.Asawholeshowthatyouareapersonwithsomegoodqualities/interestsandfirmgrip
overvarioustopics
10.DuetorecruitfromIIST,numberofvacanciesarelow.Butdon'tgetdemotivated.U
willhaveagoodchanceifyoupreparewell
BESTOFLUCK...HopetomeetyouonedayinISRO
Updated25Dec2015ViewUpvotes

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Searchforquestions,people,andtopics
VinayakManoji,CivilServiceAspirant/GATE/IESfriend,Motivator,IITDian,
8.4kViewsVinayakhas80+answersinGraduateAptitudeTestinEngineering(GATE).

[A2A]
Manypeoplehaveansweredtechnicalpartalready...Iwillgiveyousomegeneral
guidelines.
Howtoprepare:Noneedtogoforsomesuperspecialreferencebookstocrankthe
exam,justgobacktoyourgraduationlevelstd.textbooksandtrytoanalyzetheconcepts
analytically,ifyoudosoyoucanhandleanytypeofquestionsinwrittenexamaswellas
interview.(manypeoplefailtocranktheinterviewbecauseofsuperficialknowledge,like
bypracticingpreviousyearquestionpapers,preparingonlytoclearwrittenexamandby

SignIn

memorizingequations,mostexpectedquestions)..
Interview:itisnotpossibleprepareforinterviewwithinshortdurationoftimeandby
practicingpreviousyearquestionpapers.Soifyoureallywanttogetintosomeresearch
institution,startpreparationforinterviewfromfirstdayitself.
Bestwaytoprepareforinterview:
a)Keepeyeoncurrentongoingtechnicaldevelopmentsandmakeuseofyour
engineeringknowledgetocorrelatethesame.
b)GothroughISROsitechecksanyupdatesondevelopmentsaddsometheoretical
conceptsandpracticalapplicationsofyourbasicsknowledge.
c)Justhavelookonwhatcompetitorisdoing,likeNASA,ESA,andRussianFederal
spaceagencyetc

Hopethiswillhelpyou...
Goodluck...
Written1Jul2015ViewUpvotesAnswerrequestedbyDivyaSree

Anonymous
8.9kViews

Youmayrefertobookslike:
Electronics:Halkiyas,Boylestad.
DigitalElectronics:MorrisMano,AnandSharma
NetworkAnalysis:Hayt,Shaumseries
Electromagnetism:WilliamHayt
ControlSystem:Kuo,NagrathGopal
PowerElectronis:Rashid
CommunicationEngineering:BPLathi
Maths:BSGrewal
Allthesebooksareavailableinmarket.YoumaygothroughinstitutenoteslikeMadeEasy,
Gateforum,etc.
Apartfromthesestandardbooks,youmayalsorefertothequestionpapersofelectronics
foryourpreparation.Pleaserefertothebelowlink.
WhichbookisthebestforISROexaminationforelectronicsengineer?
NOTE:Youarestronglyrecommendedtodiscusstheabovementionedbookswithseniors
andthenstart.
Written2Jan2015ViewUpvotes

JiweshKumar
949Views

in2007isropaperconsistedofonlydigitalelectronicsandintegratedcircuits.nowthey
havegivenalmostequalweightagetoallthemajorpapersinECE.justpreparelikeaGate
examwithmultiplechoicequestions.questionsarenotverytough,someofthequestions
maybetricky.youcanalsopreparefromaquestionbankofGATEquestions.Ininterview
trytogivehonestanswers,donttrytoblufforguesstheanswersifyoudontknow.prepare
somesubjectsverywelllikeintegratedcircuitsordigitalelectronicsorcontrolsystems.
Written7dagoViewUpvotes

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