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COM 1
Dạng 1: I f ( x, x 2 a 2 )dx
a
• Đặt x , ( t ) \ 0
sin t 2 2
Các
' Em
a a a cos tdt
dx d dt 2
Có
sin t sin t sin t Thể
Đặt
dx
TÌM NGUYÊN HÀM
I , x2 a2 t x
x2 4
2
x , ( t ) \ 0
sin t 2 2
LUYENTHI999.COM 2
2 cos tdt
2 cos tdt
dx 2 I sin 2 t
sin t 4
2
4
sin t
cos tdt cos tdt
2
1
2
2sin 2
t cot 2
t
sin t 4( 2 1)
2
sin t
cos tdt
2
sin t cot t
LUYENTHI999.COM 3
TH1: t 0 cot t 0
2
dt sin tdt d cos t
I
sin t 2
sin t (1 cost )(1 cost )
1 (1 cost ) (1 cost )
d cos t
2 (1 cos t )(1 cost )
1 d cos t 1 d cos t 1 d (1 cos t ) 1 d (1 cos t )
2 1 cos t 2 1 cos t 2 1 cos t 2 1 cos t
1 1
ln 1 cos t ln 1 cos t c
2 2
LUYENTHI999.COM 4
dx
Dạng 2 I , ( a b)
( x a )(b x)
• Đặt x a (b a ) sin t , (0 t
2
)
2
dx 2(b a ) sin t cos tdt
x a (b a ) sin 2 t
b x (b a )(1 sin 2 t ) (b a )cos 2t
2 dt 2t c
2(b a ) sin t cos tdt
I
(b a ) sin t cos t
2 2 2
LUYENTHI999.COM 5
dx dx
VÍ DỤ 2: I
x 2 3x 4 (4 x)( x 1)
x 1 5sin t , (0 t )
2
2
dx 10sin t cos tdt 5sin 2tdt
x 1 5sin t 2 4 x 5 5sin t 5(1 sin t )
2 2
LUYENTHI999.COM 6
I ( x 1)( x 3)dx t x 2 dt dx
x 1 t 1, x 3 t 1
I (t 1)(t 1)dt t 2 1dt
t 2 1 t y t 2 1 y t t 2 1 y 2 2ty t 2
y2 1 y2 1
I (y ) 2
dy
2y 2y
( y 2 1) 2 1 y4 2 y2 1 1 2 1
4 y3 dy 4 y 3 dy 4 ( y y y 3 )dy
y2 1 1 ( t 2 1 t )2 1 1
ln y 2 c ln t 1 t
2
c
8 2 8y 8 2 8( t 1 t )
2 2
LUYENTHI999.COM 7
( ( x 2) 2 1 x 2) 2
8
1 1
ln ( x 2) 1 x 2
2
c
2 8( ( x 2) 2 1 x 2)2
CẦN NHỚ
ab
( x a )( x b)dx t x
2
LUYENTHI999.COM 8
Dạng 3: I f ( x, a x )dx
2 2
x a sin t , ( t ) dx a cos tdt
2 2
dx dx
VÍ DỤ 3: I
x 2x
2
1 ( x 1) 2
x 1 sin t.( t ) dx cos tdt
2 2
cos tdt cos tdt
I dt t c
1 sin t2
cos t
LUYENTHI999.COM 9
Dạng 4: I f ( x, x a )dx
2 2
dt
x a tgt , ( t ) dx a 2
2 2 cos t
x2 a2 x t x t 2
a 2
t 2
a 2
dx 2
dt
2t 2t
dx dx dt
VÍ DỤ 4: I dx 2
x2 4 x 5 ( x 2) 1
2 cos t
x 2 tgt , ( t ) dt
2 2 2 dt
I cos t
tg t 1
2 cos t
LUYENTHI999.COM 10
cos tdt d (sin t )
2
cos t (1 sin t )(1 sin t )
1 (1 sin t ) (1 sin t )
d (sin t )
2 (1 sin t )(1 sin t )
1 d (sin t ) d (sin t ) 1
[ [ ln 1 sin t ln 1 sin t c
2 1 sin t 1 sin t 2
t 2
1
CÁCH 2: ( x 2) 1 t ( x 2) x 1
2
2t
LUYENTHI999.COM 11
Dạng 5: I f ( x, ax bx c )dx
2
TH 1: a 0 ax 2 bx c t x a
TH 2 : c 0 ax bx c tx c
2
0
TH 3 :
ax 2
bx c t ( x x1 )
Chú ý : I x 2 4 x 6dx
LUYENTHI999.COM 12
I x 4 x 6dx ( x 2) 2dx
2 2
a 0& 0
x 2 2tgt x 4x 6 t x
2
I x 4 x 3dx
2
12
( x 2) 2
dx
a 0& 0
x 2 sin t
LUYENTHI999.COM 13
I 2 x 3x 5dx
2 3 9 49
2( x 2 x ) dx
2
4 16 8
3 9 49 3 2 49
2( x 2 x ) dx 2 ( x ) dx
2
4 16 8 4 16
7
a 0& 0 3
x 4
4 sin t
LUYENTHI999.COM 14
dx
DẠNG 6 I
( x a)( x b)
TH1 x a 0 & x b 0, Đặt t xa xb
1 xa xb dx 2dt
dt [ dx
2 ( x a)( x b) ( x a )( x b) t
dt
I 2 2 ln t c
t
TH2: x a 0 & x b 0 , Đặt t ( x a ) ( x b)
1 ( x a ) ( x b) dx 2dt
dt [ dx
2 ( x a )( x b) ( x a)( x b) t
dt
I 2 2 ln15t c
LUYENTHI999.COM
t
ax
DẠNG 7: I f ( x, )dx
ax
Cách 1: Đặt x a cos 2t dx 2a sin 2tdt
x a a(1 cos2t ) 2acos t 2
du
LUYENTHI999.COM
u 16
a1 a2
ax b ax b
b1 b2
DẠNG 8 I f ( x, , )dx
cx d cx d
ax b m
Đặt t Với m bcnn(b1 , b2 ....) x dx
cx d
dx dx
VÍ DỤ I 1 2
3
x 1( ( x 1) 1)
3 2
( x 1) [( x 1) 1]
3 3
2
3t dt tdt
Đặt ( x 1) t 3 dx 3t 2 dt Suy ra I 2 3 2
t (t 1) t 1
d (t 2 1) 3
3 2 ln t 2 1 c
2(t 1) 2
LUYENTHI999.COM 17
dx
Ví dụ I
1 x x 1
t x x 1 t 2 x 1 2 x( x 1)
2
2 x( x 1) t 2 (2 x 1)
2
t 1
2
4 x( x 1) [t (2 x 1)]
2 2
x
2t
(t 2 1)(t 2 1) dx
dx dt
2t 3
1 x x 1
(t 1)(t 1)
2 2
t t t 1 1
3 2
1 1 1
3
dt 3
(1 2 3 )d
2t 2t 2 t t t
LUYENTHI999.COM 18
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
I (1 2 3 )dt (t ln t 2 ) c
2 t t t 2 t 2t
LUYENTHI999.COM 19
dx
Dạng9: I
( x ) ax bx c
2
1 1 t
t x
x t
1
dx ( 2 )dt
t
dt
I
mt nt p
2
LUYENTHI999.COM 20
dx
DẠNG 9 I , (a 0 & b c )
ax b ax c
1
I
bc ( ax b ax c )dx
1 1
1
[(ax b) (ax c) ]dx u du
2 2
bc
dx
VÍ DỤ I
x 1 x 1
1
1 1 1
2 ( x 1 x 1) dx ( x 1) d ( x 1) ( x 1)d ( x 1)
2
2
2
3 3
1 1
( x 1) ( x 1) 2 c
2
LUYENTHI999.COM 2 2 21
f ( x)dx
DẠNG 10 I dx
g ( x) a
2
f ( x) a( g a)
2
bg c
a, b, c
g 2 ( x) a g2 a g2 a g2 a
xdx dx
I x a c, I
2
ln x x 2 a c
x2 a x2 a
x 2 a
I x adx
2
x a ln x x 2 a c
2 2
LUYENTHI999.COM 22
(2 x 2 1)dx
Ví dụ I
x2 2x
2x2 1 2x2 1 a[( x 1) 2 1] b( x 1) c
Viết
x 2x
2
( x 1) 1
2
( x 1) 1
2
( x 1) 1
2
( x 1) 2 1
ax 2 (2a b) x b c
a 2 & b 4 & c 5
x 2x 2
2 x2 1 2[( x 1) 2 1] 4( x 1) 5
x 2x
2
( x 1) 1
2
( x 1) 1
2
( x 1) 2 1
2[( x 1) 2 1] 4( x 1) 5
I dx dx dx
( x 1) 1
2
( x 1) 1
2
( x 1) 1
2
J K L
LUYENTHI999.COM 23
2[( x 1) 2 1]
Tính J dx 2 ( x 1) 2 1dx 2 ( x 1)2 1d ( x 1)
( x 1) 2 1
Công x 2 a
I x 2 adx x a ln x x 2 a c
thức 2 2
Suy ra J ( x 1) ( x 1) 2 1 ln x ( x 1) 2 1 c
4( x 1)
1
Tính K d 2 [( x 1) 1] d [( x 1) 2 1] 4 ( x 1) 2 1 c
2 2
( x 1) 2 1
Công xdx
I x2 a c
thức x2 a
5 dx
Tính L dx Theo công thức I ln x x 2 a c
( x 1) 1
2
x2 a
LUYENTHI999.COM 24
L 5ln x ( x 1) 1 c
2
LUYENTHI999.COM 25
P( x)
DẠNG 11 I
Q( x) ax 2 bx c
B1:Nếu bậc của P(x) cao hơn bậc của Q(x) thì chia P(x) cho Q(x)
B2: Lựa chọn phương pháp phù hợp cho mỗi tích phân mới
Ví dụ: (6 x 3 8 x 1)dx
I
(3 x 2 4) x 2 1
6x 8x 1
3
1
Ta có 2x 2
3x 4
2
3x 4
1 1 xdx dx
Do đó I (2 x
2
)
3x 4 x 2 1
dx 2
x2 1
(3 x 2 4) x 2 1
Tính
LUYENTHI999.COM 26
dx
Tính L
(3 x 2 4) x 2 1
2
x t
Đặt t x t ( x 1) x
2 2 2 2
x 1
2 1 t 2
dx dx ( x 2 1) x 2 1
Suy ra dt dt
( x 1) x 1
2 2
( x 2 1) x 2 1 (3x 2 4) x 2 1
dt dt 1 (t 2) (t 2) 1 dt 1 dt
L 2 dt
t 4 (t 2)(t 2) 4 (t 2)(t 2) 4 t 2 4 t 2
dt 1 t 2
ln c
4t 2
4 t2
LUYENTHI999.COM 27
xdx
K 2 2 x 1 c
2
x 1
2
LUYENTHI999.COM 28
x2 2
VÍ DỤ I dx
x 1
2
x2 2 1 x2 2 1 3 1 3
(1 2 )
x 1
2
x 2 x 1
2 2
x 2
2 x 1 x 2
2
( x 2 1) x 2 2
dx dx
I 3
x2 2 ( x 2 1) x 2 2
ln x x 2 2 c
dx
TÍNH K 3
( x 2 1) x 2 2
LUYENTHI999.COM 29
'
x x
t dx dt
x2 2 x 2
2
2
2 t
x2
1 t2
x2
x2 2
x 2 2 dx dt 2
dx dt
( x 2)
2
( x 2) x 2
2 2
2t 2
2
3 ( x 2 2)dt 3 1 t 2 dt dt
K dt 3 2 3
2 x 1
2
2 2t 2
3t 1 ( 3t 1)( 3t 1)
1
1 t2
3 (( 3t 1) ( 3t 1) 3 3t 1
LUYENTHI999.COM
dt ln c
30
2 ( 3t 1)( 3t 1) 2 3 3t 1
LUYENTHI999.COM 31
LUYENTHI999.COM 32
dx
Ví dụ I
x x2 x 1
x x x 1 t x x 1 t x
2 2
t 2
1
x x 1 t 2tx x x
2 2 2
1 2t
2t 4t 2t 22 2
2t 2t 22
dx dt dt
(1 2t ) 2
(1 2t ) 2
2t 2t 2
2
dt
(1 2t ) 2
2t 2 2t 2
I dt
LUYENTHI999.COM
t t (1 2t ) 2
33
2t 2 2t 2 A B C A(1 2t ) 2 Bt (1 2t ) Ct
t (1 2t ) 2
t 1 2t (1 2t ) 2
t (1 2t ) 2
2 4 A 2 B
2 4 A B C A 2, B 3, C 3
2 A
LUYENTHI999.COM 34
dx x 2 dx
Ví dụ I
x 1 x 3
x 1 x
3 3
3x 2 2 x2
1 x t 3
dx dt dt
2 1 x3 1 x3 3
2 dt 2 dt
x t 1 I 3
3 3
3 t 1 3 (t 1)(t 2 t 1)
1 a b(2t 1) c
2 2
(t 1)(t t 1) t 1 t t 1 t t 1
2
2 1 1 2t 1 1
I ( 2 2 )dt
3 t 1 3 t t 1 t t 1
2 dt 2 2t 1 2 dt
I 2 dt 2
3 t 1 9 t t 1 3 t t 1
1
t
2 2 4 2 c
ln t 1 ln t t 1 artg
2
3 9 3 3 3
2
LUYENTHI999.COM 36
1
x
Ví dụ I
1/2
x 1
3
dx
1
DO x 1 Đặt x t 2 dx 2tdt
2
1 2 1 2 1
t t dt 2 d (t 3 )
I 2 t 1
6
tdt 2
(t 3 ) 2 1 3
(t 3 ) 2 1
2 /2 2 /2 2 /2
du
Tích phân I có dạng
u a
2
ln u u 2 a c
1
2
Suy ra I ln t 3 (t 3 ) 2 1
3
2 /2
LUYENTHI999.COM 37
3
x x3 3
x x 3 dx
Ví dụ I 4
dx
x x2 x2
1 dx
t 2 dt
x x
1 1
3 3
I t t dt t 2 3 1 1 dt 3 t 5 t 3 dt 3 t 3 (t 2 1)dt
1 t t3
t2
1 4
1 3
t 1tdt (t 1) d (t 1) (t 1) 3 c
3 2 2 3 2 2
2 8
LUYENTHI999.COM 38
2
x
Ví dụ I dx
( x 1) x 1
[( x 1) 1]2 ( x 1) 2 2( x 1) 1
3
dx 3
d ( x 1)
( x 1) 2
( x 1) 2
1 1 3
( x 1) d ( x 1) 2 ( x 1) d ( x 1) ( x 1) d ( x 1)
2 2 2
3 1 1
2
( x 1) 2 4( x 1) 2 2( x 1) 2 c
3
LUYENTHI999.COM 39
2
x2 1
Ví dụ I
2 x x2 1
dx
2 2
x 12
1 x 1
2
2 x 2
x2 1
xdx
2
2 x2 x2 1
d ( x2 )
2 2 2
1 dx 2
1 dx 2
1 dx 2
2 K
2 x2 1
2 x 1 2
2
2 x 2
x 1
2 2
2 1 2
1
2
2
( x 2 1) dx 2 x 2 1
2
2
3 5
LUYENTHI999.COM 40
2
1 dx 2
L
2
2 x2 x2 1
t x 2 1 x 2 t 2 1 dx 2 2tdt
2 2
1 2tdt dt
L
2 (t 2 1)t (t 1)(t 1)
5 5
2
1 t 1 1 5 1
ln (ln 3 ln )
2 t 1 5
2 5 1
LUYENTHI999.COM 41
2
x 1
2
C2: I
2 x x 12
dx
2 2
xdx dx 2
2 x 1
2
2 x x 12
x2 1
2
K
1
2
1 dt tdt
x dx 2 K
t t
1 1 t2
2 t2 2
t
LUYENTHI999.COM 42
1
dx
2
dt x2 a
y t 1 t 2 ln x x 2 a
1 1 t 2
t tgy
2
1/ 2
ln t 1 t 2
1/2
LUYENTHI999.COM 43
dx
VÍ DỤ I
( x 1) 1 x 2
x sin t , ( t ) dx cos tdt
2 2
cos tdt cos tdt dt
I
(sin t 1) 1 sin 2 t (sin t 1) cos t sin t 1
t
2d ( )
dt dt 4 2
2 t 2 t
1 2sin ( ) 1 cos( t ) 1 2sin ( )
4 2 2 4 2
LUYENTHI999.COM 44
t
cot( ) C
4 2
dx
• Cách 2: I
( x 1) 1 x 2
1 1 dt
t x 1 dx 2
x 1 t t
1 2 1 2t
1 x 2
2
2
t t t
1 2t 1 2t 1
1 x 2
, (t )
t t 2
LUYENTHI999.COM 45
tdt dt
I
1 2t
1 2t
t2
t
1
1
(1 2t ) d (1 2t )
2
2
2
1 2t 1 C
x 1
LUYENTHI999.COM 46
6
dx
Ví dụ: I
2 3 x x 9
2
3 3sin t
x dx 2
dt
cos t cos t
3sin t
dt
I c
3
os 2
t 1 3
3
9tg 2t 3
dt t 3
6
18
6 cos t
6
LUYENTHI999.COM 47
1
1 x
Ví dụ I dx
0 (1 x) 3
1 x t x 1 t dx 2tdt 2
0
ttdt 1 2
t dt
I 2 2
1 (2 t 2 )3 0 (2 t ) 2 3
LUYENTHI999.COM 49
1
1 x
Cách 2 I dx
0 (1 x) 3
0
cos t 0
cos t 2
LUYENTHI999.COM 50
1
1 x
C3: I dx
0 (1 x) 3
1 1
1 x 1 x
dx dx
0 1 x (1 x)3 0 (1 x 2 )(1 x)
1 x 1 t 2 dt
t x 1 dx 2
1 x t 1 t 1 (t 1) 2
0 1
t dt t
I 2 2 dt
1 t 2 (t 1)
2
4t (t 1)
1
1 ( ) 0
t 1
LUYENTHI999.COM 51
1 1 2
t y 2 ydy
ty
dt
0 t (t 1) 0
y ( y 1)
2
1 1 1
y 1 1 2
dy
2 2 dy 2 dy 2 2
0
y 1 0 0
y 1
1 1
2 y 0 2 arctgy 0 2
2
LUYENTHI999.COM 52
LUYENTHI999.COM 53
LUYENTHI999.COM 54
LUYENTHI999.COM 55
LUYENTHI999.COM 56