rest cope 002492 FORM TP 2128 JANUARY 2001 CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE. EXAMINATION PHYSICS Paper 02 - General Profi 1 hours how READ THE FOLLOWING DIRECTIONS CAREFULLY 1. You MUST use this answer booklet when responding to the questions. For each question, write your answer in the space provided and return the answer booklet at the end of the examination 2. ALL WORKING MUST BE SHOWN in this booklet, since marks will be awarded for correct steps in calculations. 3. Attempt ALL questions. 4, The use of non-programmable calculators is allowed, 5. Mathematical tables are provided. DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO Copyright © 2000 Caribbean Examina All rights reserved. jons Council, 002492/F/JANUARY 2001Volt GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE, (002492/F/JANUARY 2001ee 1. Youare to spend no more than 4 hour on this question In this question you will find the value of the resistance, R, of a heating element. The voltage, V, across the heating element is varied and the power, P, which is dissipated is measured. (Note that R remains constant dumg the heating.) A graph of P against Vis plotted on page 2 (a) Select 6 pairs of values of P and V from the graph and insert these along with corresponding values of V° in Table 1 below. (8 marks) P (watts) ~ V (volts) 7 (volts?) (b) © @ © o ‘Table 1 Plot a graph of P against on the graph sheet on page 4 (marks) Find the slope, 5, of the graph you have plotted, (marks) ‘The equation for the heating element is P=-—-x V*. Use this equation and your value for Sto find the resistance of the heating element. (3 marks) Estimate the power, P;, which would be dissipated in the element if the applied voltage is 300 volts. (marks) 1f 300 V were applied for 15 minutes, calculate the energy used in kWh. (marks) Total 30 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 002492/F/JANUARY 2001Tete GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE (002492/B/JANUARY 2001aoe 2. This question concerns the motion of a small jet plane. (@) The plane accelerates from rest along the runway at 3.4m s~?, If it takes 18 seconds to take off, at what speed does it leave the ground? (marks) (b) State Newton's First and Third laws of motion. (marks) (©) Figure 1 shows the small jet plane flying at a constant speed and at a constant height. ut Air resistance Figure 1 (@__Inaddition to the two forces shown on the diagram, two other forces, the weight and the thrust of the engines, act on the plane. On Figure 1, draw TO THE SAME SCALE, lines representing these other forces. (3 marks) (ii) The engines now emit exhaust gases at a higher rate. Explain how this causes the plane to accelerate. (2 marks) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 002492/F/JANUARY 2001Gii) The plane now circles at a new constant speed. Figure 2 shows one view of the plane as it circles. Litt Weight Figure 2 Explain how the ‘banking’ (tilting to the horizontal) of the plane allows the lift to maintain the plane's circular motion and its height. (3 marks) Total 15 marks 3. (@)_—_Drawa labelled diagram of a step-up transformer. (2 marks) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE (002492/FJANUARY 2001(b) ae Table 2 lists the main sources of energy loss in a real transformer. Complete SOURCE OF ENERGY LOSS —_| METHOD USED TO REDUCE _ ENERGY LOSS 1. Heating in coil wires 2. Eddy current losses in core 3. Magnetisation and demagnetisation of core 4, Imperfect flux linkage Table 2 (4 marks) (© Explain why alternating current (a.c.) is preferred to direct current (d.c.) for the trans- mission of electrical energy over long distances. G marks) @—@_A step-up transformer has 66 000 turns on the secondary coil and 16 500 turns on the primary coil. Calculate the primary voltage when the secondary voltage is 440V. (3 marks) Gi) Determine the current in the primary when the secondary is delivering energy at a rate of 26.4 kW. (3 marks) Total 15 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE (002492/F/JANUARY 2001-8- 4. (a) @)_A scientist conducts an experiment where she measures a series of values of pressure, P, and temperature, 8, of a gas at a constant volume. On the axes shown in Figure 3, sketch the graph she would obtain from plotting her results. Pipa T T T T T T T T ae 400-300-200 -100 100200300400 ae Figure 3. (marks) Gi) She now repeats the experiment with a different gas. Draw, on the same axes, ‘a graph she could obtain from the second experiment. (2marks) (iii) Explain how results like those she obtained led to the establishment of the Kelvin temperature scale. (mark ) (iv) Whats the value in Kelvin of a Celsius temperature of 25 °C? (marks) ©) Abie full of air is corked at atmospheric pressure of 1.00 x 10% Pa and a temperature of 25 °C. The bottle is heated. Calculate the temperature at which the pressure ofthe ai wil each 2.5 x 10% Pa. Assume the volume ofthe bottle does not change. (marks) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 002492/F/JANUARY 2001os In terms of the kinetic theory of gases, explain the origin of the pressure inside the bottle. (marks) ii) State whether the following quantities increase, decrease or stay the same when the bottle is heated: (a) The speed of the gas particles __ (©) The average space between the particles (©) Thenumber of gas particles 7 (@ marks) Total 16 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 002492/F/JANUARY 200110. 5 (a) _Atransverse seismic (earthquake) wave travels with a speed of 5 000 ms! and causes the pround to vibrate up and down. The graph in Figure shows the variation, with ime, df the displacement of the ground at a point, as the wave passes. wl -pa~e---- oom F Vertical displacement im fy oat - - - - - - - eer Figure 4 (i) Calculate the frequency of the wave. (ii) Calculate the wavelength of the wave. Gmarks) Git) Onthe graph, draw two small erosses at the times at which the ground is moving at the greatest rate, Explain your choice of points. (iv) Write down a time at which the ground is stationary. (mark ) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE (002492/F/JANUARY 2001“ue (v) Onthe axes shown in Figure S, draw a graph to represent a seismic wave of half. the amplitude and twice the frequency of the wave shown in Figure 4. Vertical displacementim time/s Figure 5 (4 marks) Total 14 marks END OF TEST (002492/F/JANUARY 2001