N THI THPT QUC GIA, NM HC 2015-2016

Mn : Ton
Thi gian lm bi 180 pht, khng k thi gian giao

Cu 1 (1,0 im). Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s y x 4 2 x 2 3.

Cu 2 (1,0 im). Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m hm s y x3 2 x 2 (m 3) x 5 t cc tr
ti x1 , x2 tha mn x12 x22 4.
Cu 3 (1,0 im)
a) Cho hm s f ( x ) x.5x . Gii phng trnh 25x f '( x) x.5x.ln 5 2 0.
b) Tm phn o ca s phc z , bit (1 2i ) z 3 i (1 i ) z.
0

Cu 4 (1,0 im). Tnh tch phn I

2x 1
dx
3
x 1

x y 1 z 2

, mt phng
1
2
2
( P) : 2 x y 2 z 5 0 v im A(1;1; 2) . Tnh khong cch t A n mt phng (P). Vit phng trnh

Cu 5 (1,0 im). Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz cho ng thng d :

chnh tc ca ng thng i qua A, song song vi mt phng (P) v vung gc vi ng thng d.

Cu 6 (1,0 im)
a) Gii phng trnh 2 3 sin 2 x sin 2 x 1 3 0.
b) Trong k bu c Quc hi kha XIV din ra vo ngy 22/05/2016, lp 12A1 trng c 22 bn 18
tui c i bu c, trong c 12 bn n v 10 bn nam. Chn ngu nhin trong s 6 bn tham gia
cng tc chun b cho ngy bu c. Tm xc sut 6 bn c chn c t nht 4 bn n.
300 . Cnh bn
Cu 7 (1,0 im). Cho lng tr ABC.ABC c y ABC l tam gic vung ti B, BAC

AA '

2 13a
. Hnh chiu vung gc ca A ln mt phng (ABC) trng vi trng tm G ca tam gic
3

ABC, gc gia AA v mt phng ( ABC ) bng 600 . Tnh theo a th tch khi lng tr cho v khong
cch gia hai ng thng AC v AB.
Cu 8 (1,0 im). Cho tam gic ABC ni tip ng trn (C). Tip tuyn ti B v C ca ng trn (C)
ct nhau ti P. Gi D v E th t l hnh chiu vung gc ca P ln AB v AC. Tm ta cc im A, B,
C bit phng trnh DE :17 x y 141 0 , nh A thuc ng thng d : x 2 0 , trung im BC l

13 1
M ; v ng thng AB i qua im N 0;1 .
2 2
2
2

8 x y x 2y 3xy
x, y
Cu 9 (1,0 im). Gii h phng trnh:
4 2 x 3 y 2x 2 y 2 5

Cu 10 (1,0 im). Cho cc s thc a, b, c tha mn a, b, c 1 v a b c 2 abc . Tm gi tr ln nht

1 a 2 1 1 b2 1 1 c 2 1

a
b
c
---------- Ht ---------Th sinh khng c s dng ti liu. Cn b coi thi khng gii thch g thm.
H v tn th sinh:.....; S bo danh:
ca biu thc P

HNG DN CHM
I. LU CHUNG:
- p n ch trnh by mt cch gii bao gm cc bt buc phi c trong bi lm ca th sinh. Khi chm
nu th sinh b qua bc no th khng cho im bc .
- Nu th sinh gii cch khc, gim kho cn c cc trong p n cho im.
- Th sinh c s dng kt qu phn trc lm phn sau.
- Trong bi lm, nu mt bc no b sai th cc phn sau c s dng kt qu sai khng c
im.
- Trong li gii cu 7 v cu 8 nu th sinh khng v hnh th khng cho im.
- im ton bi tnh n 0,25 v khng lm trn.
II. P N:
Cu
Ni dung trnh by
im
4
2
1
Kho st hm s y x 2 x 3. (C ) .
1.0
* TX: D
* Gii hn, tim cn:
lim y lim y
x

0.25

x 0
Ta c y ' 4 x 4 x. y ' 0 x 1

x 1
-Hm s ng bin trn cc khong (1;0) & (1; )
-Hm s nghch bin trn cc khong (; 1) & (0;1)
-Hm s t cc i ti x 0, yCD 3
3

0.25

-Hm s t cc tiu ti x 1, yCT 4

*BBT:

-1

+ 0

1
-

+
+
0.25

-3
-4

* th

-4
0.25

Trang 1/6

-1

x5

-2

-4

Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m hm s y x3 2 x 2 (m 3) x 5 t cc tr

ti x1 , x2 tha mn x12 x22 4.

Ta c y ' 3 x 2 4 x m 3. y ' 0 3 x 2 4 x m 3 0 (1)

Hm s cho c cc tr khi v ch khi (1) c hai nghim phn bit, hay
13
' 4 3(m 3) 0 m . (*)
3
Khi hm s c cc tr x1 , x2 l nghim phng trnh (1). Theo Viet, ta c
16
m 3 16 2m 6 34 6m
2
x12 x22 x1 x2 2 x1 x2 2.

9
3
9
3
9
34 6m
1
4 m (tha mn (*)).
Yu cu bi ton tng ng vi:
9
3
x
x
Cho hm s f ( x ) x.5 . Gii phng trnh 25 f '( x) x.5x.ln 5 2 0. (1)

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Ta c f '( x) 1.5x x.5x.ln 5 , do (1) 25 x 5 x x.5x.ln 5 x.5x.ln 5 2 0

0.25

5 x 1
25 5 2 0 x
x 0.
5 2 (l )

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Tm phn o ca s phc z , bit (1 2i ) z 3 i (1 i ) z.

0.5

Gi s z a bi, (a, b ) z a bi . T gi thit ta suy ra

(1 2i )(a bi ) 3 i (1 i)( a bi)

b 3
a 2b 3 a b
. Vy phn o ca z bng -3.

a 7
b

2
a

1.0

Tnh tch phn: I

2x 1
dx
3
x 1

t t 3 x 1 t 3 x 1 3t 2 dt dx. Khi x 1 t 0; khi x 0 t 1.

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0.25
0.25
0.5

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0.25

1.0
0.25

2(t 3 1) 1 2
3t dt
1 t
0

Ta c I

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Trang 2/6

2t 5 t 2
2t 5 2t 4 2t 4 2t 3 2t 3 2t 2 3t 2 3t 3t 3 3
I 3
dt 3
dt
1 t
t 1
0
0

0.25
1

2t 5 t 4 2t 3 3t 2

I 3 2t 4 2t 3 2t 2 3t 3
dt

3t 3ln | t 1|

t 1
2
3
2
5
0
0

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31
9 ln 2 .
5

x y 1 z 2

, mt
1
2
2
phng ( P) : 2 x y 2 z 5 0 v im A(1;1; 2) . Tnh khong cch t A n mt

Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz cho ng thng d :

1.0

phng (P). Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua A, song song vi mt phng (P)
v vung gc vi ng thng d.
Ta c d ( A, ( P))

2.1 1 2.( 2) 5
3

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d ( A, ( P)) 2

(P) c VTPT l: n(2;1; 2) , d c VTCP l u (1; 2; 2) . T gi thit suy ra c VTCP l

v n, u (2; 2;3)

Vy phng trnh chnh tc ca l :

6

x 1 y 1 z 2

.
2
2
3

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0.25

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Gii phng trnh 2 3 sin 2 x sin 2 x 1 3 0.

0.5

Ta c (1) 3 1 cos 2 x sin 2 x 1 3 0 3 cos 2 x sin 2 x 1

0.25

12
cos 2 x 2 x k .2
( k )
6 2
6
3

x k

4
Trong k bu c Quc hi kha XIV din ra vo ngy 22/05/2016, lp 12A1 trng
THPT Yn Lc c 22 bn 18 tui c i bu c, trong c 12 bn n v 10 bn
nam. Chn ngu nhin 6 bn tham gia cng tc chun b cho ngy bu c. Tm xc
sut 6 bn c chn c t nht 4 bn n.
6
Chn 6 bn bt k, c C22
cch chn. Ta m s cch chn tha mn yu cu bi ton

-Chn 4 n, 2 nam c C124 .C102 cch.

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0.5

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-Chn 5 n, 1 nam c C125 .C101 cch.

-Chn

C126

cch.

Vy

xc

sut

cn

tm

l :

0.25

C 4 .C 2 C125 .C101 C126

943
.
P 12 10

6
C22
2261
7

300 . Cnh bn
Cho lng tr ABC.ABC c y ABC l tam gic vung ti B, BAC

AA '

2 13a
. Hnh chiu vung gc ca A ln mt phng (ABC) trng vi trng
3
Trang 3/6

1.0

tm G ca tam gic ABC, gc gia AA v mt phng ( ABC ) bng 600 . Tnh theo a
th tch khi lng tr cho v khong cch gia hai ng thng AC v AB.
A'

C'

B'

C
G
E

M
B

Gi M, N, E th t l trung im BA, AC, BC. T gi thit ta suy ra gc gia AA v

AG
13a
(ABC) l
. Suy ra
A ' AG 600 cos
A ' AG
AG AA '.cos 600
AA '
3

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2 13a 3
39a
3
13a
.
A ' G AA '.sin
A ' AG
.

; AE . AG
3
2
3
2
2
t AC 2 x ( x 0) BA 3 x, BC x . Xt tam gic vung BAE, ta c

BA2 BE 2 AE 2 3 x 2

x 2 13a 2
1
3a 2

x a S ABC BA.BC
4
4
2
2

39a 3a 2
13a3
(vtt)
.

3
2
2
Dng hnh bnh hnh ACBD, ta c AC//BD suy ra AC//(ABD). M (ABD) cha AB
3
nn d ( AC , A ' B ) d ( AC , ( A ' BD)) d (C , ( A ' BD)) d (G, ( A ' BD )) . K
2
GK BD, GH A ' K . Chng minh c d (G , ( A ' BD)) GH .

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Vy VABC . A' B ' C ' A ' G.S ABC

D thy BCN u, cnh a. Suy ra BG

2
a
a, GBK 600 GK BG.sin 600
3
3

1
1
1
3
3
42
39a
Xt GAK ta c

2
d ( AC , A ' B)
2
2
2
2
2
GH
GA ' GK
13a
a
13a
56
Cho tam gic ABC ni tip ng trn (C). Tip tuyn ti B v C ca ng trn (C)
ct nhau ti P. Gi D v E th t l hnh chiu vung gc ca P ln AB v AC. Tm
ta cc im A, B, C bit phng trnh DE :17 x y 141 0 , nh A thuc ng

13 1
thng d : x 2 0 , trung im BC l M ; v ng thng AB i qua im
2 2
N 0;1 .

Trang 4/6

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1.0

D
B

P
M
A

C
E
t

T gi thit suy ra cc t gic PDBM, PECM ni tip, do

PCE
tCA

, suy ra ME//PD, hay EM vung gc vi AD.

PME
ABC MPD
Tng t DM vung gc vi AE. T M l trc tm tam gic ADE, hay AM vung
gc vi DE.

1
13

Phng trnh AM l: x 17 y 0 x 17 y 2 0 .
2
2

A AM d nn

x 2 0
ta A l nghim h
A(2; 0) .
x 17 y 2 0
AB qua A, N nn phng trnh AB l x 2 y 2 0 . D AB DE D (8;5) . AC i

qua A v c VTPT MD nn phng trnh AC l : x 3 y 2 0

B AB B(2b 2; b) . M l trung im BC nn C(15-2b ;1-b). C thuc AC nn

15 2b 3 3b 2 0 b 4 B(6; 4), C (7; 3).
9

8 x y x 2 2y 2 3xy

Gii h phng trnh:

4 2 x 3 y 2x 2 y 2 5

x 2
iu kin:
, phng trnh (1) x y x 2y 8 0
y 3

x 2
x 2
*) Vi x 2y 8 . Ta c :

x 2y 8
y 3
2y 6

x 2
Khi : x 2y 8
khng tha mn h.
y 3

*) Vi x y 0 y x thay vo phng trnh (2), ta c

(2) 4 2 x 3 x x 2 5

4 x
x 5
x 3
4 2 x
x2 x 2

3
3

4 3 2 x (4 x ) 3 x 3 (x 5) 3(x 2 x 2)

Trang 5/6

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1.0
x y 0

x 2y 8 .

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 4.

18 9x 16 8x x 2

9x 27 x 2 10x 25

3(x 2 x 2)

3 2 x 4 x
3 x 3 x 5

4
1
0
(x 2 x 2) 3

3 2 x 4 x 3 x 3 x 5

x 1; y 1
x 2 x 2 0
x 2; y 2.

10

0.25

Cho cc s thc a, b, c tha mn a, b, c 1 v a b c 2 abc

Tm gi tr ln nht ca biu thc P
Theo

bt

ng

1.0

1 a 2 1 1 b2 1 1 c 2 1

a
b
c

thc

Bunhia-Copxki,

ta

1
1
1
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 2 1 2 1 2 9 3 2 2 2 9 . Theo gi
a
b
c
a b c
a b c

thit ta c

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1
1
1
2

1 (*).
ab bc ca abc

D thy
2

1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 1
;

. t t , t (*)
a b c
ab bc ca 3 a b c abc 27 a b c

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t 2 2t 3
3
1 2t 3 9t 2 27 0 (2t 3)(t 3)2 0 2t 3 0 t .
suy ra
3 27
2

Khi P t 9 t 2 . Xt hm s
f (t ) t 9 t 2 , f '(t ) 1

0.25

3
, t ;3 .
2
9 t2

Bng bin thin

3
2

3/2

f(t)

3
-

3 2

f(t)
3
Suy ra MaxP f 3 2 . Du bng xy ra khi a b c 2.
2

Trang 6/6

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