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SOLUTIONS HOME WORK # 4 ECE 320

1. Figures (a) and (b) show two possible connections for a 20 kVA, 2300/230V transformer to be used as an
autotransformer. With a source voltage of 2300 V, calculate the kVA rating and the power output at full

load of unity power factor (p.f=1) of the autotransformer for both the connections.

SOLUTION:
VL 2300 230 2530 V

I 2rated

20k
86.956 A
230

Sload (2530)(86.956) 220 kVA


Pload Sload . pf 220 kW

VL 2300 230 2070 V

I 2rated

Sload (2070)(86.956) 180 kVA

20k
86.956 A
230

Pload Sload . pf 180 kW


2. A 6.6 kVA 10kV/230 V, 60Hz, single-phase transformer has following parameters referred to the high
voltage side: Req = 20 , Leq = 9 H, RC = 250 k, Lm = 10 kH.
a) What are the open circuit (rated voltage on the low voltage side) and short circuit (rated current on
the high voltage side) voltage, current and power test results.
b) If the secondary voltage is 230 V, and the power is 5 kW at .866 lagging, calculate the efficiency in
p.u. values.
SOLUTION:

Req 20

RC 250 k

X eq 120 (9) 3.392 k

X m 120 (10k ) 3.769911 M

Open circuit primary, apply rated voltage on secondary

Assume negligible losses on the series branch (i.e. short circuit the branch); leaving:

230
I OC
10k

'
I OC

10k 10 kV

.
230 Rc P X m

I OC

10 kV

Rc P X m

'
I OC

also,

10 k

230

10 k

250k P3.769 M

I OC 1.739 j 0.1153 1.742 3.79 A


VOC 10 kV
POC

(10k ) 2
400 W
Rc

Now, short circuit secondary, apply rated current on primary;

6.6 kVA
0.66 A
10k

I rated

10k
.0 0
230

because E2 0 ( shorted ) E1

hence, E1 is shorted .

VSC V p I rated .(20 j 3.392k ) 13.2 j 2238.72 2238.7589.66 V


PSC ( I rated ) 2 .(20) 8.712 W
I SC I rated 0.66 A

Equivalent circuit in pu :
P2 5 kW
5k
P2, pu
0.758, pu
6.6k

I 2, pu

P2, pu
V2, pu . pf

0.758
cos 1 (0.866) 0.881 30 , pu
(1)(0.866)

(10k ) 2
Z base ,1
15151.515
6.6k
20
Req , pu
0.00132, pu
Z base,1
250k
Rc , pu
16.5, pu
Z base,1
Pwdg , pu ( I 2, pu ) 2 .Req , pu 0.00102, pu
Pcore , pu

3.

(V2, pu ) 2
Rc , pu

0.0601, pu

P2, pu
P2, pu Pwdg , pu Pcore , pu

90.79%

A three-phase transformer is made from three single-phase ones, each-rated 10 kVA,


20 kV/200V; rated winding losses 100 W, core losses 50 W. The three-phase transformer
is connected in delta on the high voltage side and in star on the low voltage side. What
are the voltage ratings, current ratings, core loss (under rated voltage), winding loss (under
rated current) for the 3-phase transformer?

SOLUTION:
Each transformer is 10 kVA 20kV / 200V .
The high-voltage side is , thus the high-voltage side voltage rating is 20 kV and the high-voltage
side current rating is 1.732*(10 kVA)/(20 kV) = 0.866 A.
The low-voltage side is Y, thus the low-voltage side voltage rating is 1.732*200 V = 346 V and the
low-voltage side current rating is (10 kVA)/(200 V) = 50 A.
The 3-phase transfermors core loss = 3 * 50 W = 150 W.
The 3-phase transfermors winding loss = 3 * 100 W = 300 W.

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