THE 4TH NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SYMPOSIUM (NNS2011) - An International Symposium PDF

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Home > Publishers > AIP Publishing > AIP Conference Proceedings > Conference Proceeding
THE 4TH NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SYMPOSIUM (NNS2011):

An International Symposium
Conference date: 2325 September 2011
Location: Bali, (Indonesia)
ISBN: 978-0-7354-0992-7
Editors: Ferry Iskandar , Khairurrijal and Mikrajuddin Abdullah
Volume number: 1415
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Published: 10 December 2011

The Effect of Nano
Superconductors
Addition on Structure and Critical Temperature of Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O
A. N. Jannah, R. Abd-Shukor, H. Abdullah and A. Agail

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Source: AIP Conf. Proc. 1415, 83 (2011); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3667226
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The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of nano
addition in Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O
superconductor on the critical temperature
the phase formation and the microstructure. Two
kinds of precursor powder were studied; one was a pure Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O and the other was a
mixture of Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O with nano
powder. The precursors were prepared by the
conventional powder solid-state reaction. 0.01 wt% to 0.04 wt% of nano-particles of
was
added to the samples.
act as the magnetic impurities in the superconductor system. From the
results, it showed that a low concentration and appropriate amount of magnetic impurities enhanced the
critical temperature of Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor. The materials contained both the high
phase
and the low
phase
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Resistors Network Model of Bcc Cell for Investigating Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids
Masturi, Euis Sustini, Khairurrijal and Mikrajuddin Abdullah

PubMed
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A model was developed to investigate thermal conductivity of nanofluids. It was based on resistors
circuit network in bcc cell as alternative form of simple cubic cell has been successfully developed.
The present model has involved the Brownian motion of nanoparticles in the fluid with an assumption
that the nanoparticles are in low volume fraction so the diameter size of nanoparticle can be neglected
in comparison to particles distance. Generally, this model was very fit to experimental results has been
obtained from some authors. As an example, for alumina-water nanofluid, that is alumina
dispersed in water, it was found that the enhancement of its thermal conductivity calculated using this
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model was in good agreement with experimental results that it tended to increase as nanoparticle
fraction increases. As in alumina-water, the agreement was also shown in titania
-water and
cuprum oxide (CuO)-water. This model also showed the dependence of thermal conductivity
enhancement to diameter size of nanoparticle and temperature of the nanofluid. In relation to diameter
size, thermal conductivity enhancement decreases as diameter size increases. Otherwise, thermal
conductivity enhancement increases as temperature increases. However, even though this model was
very close to experimental results, the problem of this model was in dimensionless constant that varied
for different nanofluids.
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Effect of Silica Nanoparticles on Compressive Strength of Leaves-Waste Composite
Masturi, Hasniah Aliah, Mahardika Prasetya Aji, Adi Ardian Sagita, Minsyahril Bukit, Euis Sustini,
Khairurrijal and Mikrajuddin Abdullah
PubMed
Google Scholar
The utilization of solid-waste, especially leaves-waste is one of interesting research of environmental
field. One of them is making a composite using polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) polymer as binder (matrix)
and silica nanoparticles as reinforcement (filler) to improve the strength of composite-produced. Those
raw materials preliminary were mixed by simple mixing with varied compositions and then hot-pressed
at 36 MPa and
for 20 minutes. From compressive strength test, it was found that composite
with composition 7:8 of PVAc and leaves-waste had maximum compressive strength, i.e. 57.60 MPa. It
was also that the enhancement of strength due to PVAc fraction (w/w) increasing is a percolation
behavior, even though its mathematical explanation has not been performed. Into composition of
maximum strength above, silica with average size is 74 nm then was added to improve the strength and
found that at silica weight fraction of 0.79 (%w/w), the composite had optimum compressive strength,
i.e. 70.5 MPa, or increased up to 22.4% of that without silica. The final compressive strength was very
comparable to some building goods such as sandstones and bricks. The composite density was also
measured and obtained that it was about
that is very close to some usual woods.
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Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Polymer Electrolyte PVA.LiOH Dispersed by
Nanoparticles
Mahardika Prasetya Aji, Rahmawati , Masturi , Satria Bijaksana, Khairurrijal and Mikrajuddin
Abdullah
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nanocomposite magnetic polymer electrolyte based on poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with lithium
hydroxide (LiOH) dispersed by magnetite
nanoparticle as inorganic filler were prepared
by using an in-situ method. Ions carriers were inserted during the growth of the nanoparticles that had
been contributed by a precursor. The effect upon the addition of
nanoparticles on the ionic
conductivity of the composite polymer electrolytes was investigated, and it was proven that the ionic
conductivity had been enhanced. Maximum conductivity was obtained upon addition of
nanoparticles, i.e.
The magnetic properties of nanocomposite magnetic
polymer electrolyte were observed by magnetic susceptibility studies. The magnetic susceptibility data
revealed that polymer electrolyte PVA.LiOH dispersed by
nanoparticle was found
predominantly ferrimagnetism.
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Quantum Size Effect Simulation on the Electronic Characteristic of Silicon Based Single Electron Transistor
Mohamad Insan Nugraha, Adha Sukma Aji, Yudhistira , Fitria Rahayu and Yudi Darma
PubMed
Google Scholar
In this paper, we simulate quantum size effect related to the electronic properties of silicon based single
electron transistor (SET). We assume that each electron interacts each other in term of Coulomb
blockade effect. These electrical characteristics involve conductance and I-V characteristic of SET
structure. Here, quantum size effect corresponds to the size of quantum dot (QD) in which we selected
QD size in the range of 16 nm. The simulation results show a significant oscillation of conductance
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and source-drain current

when the gate voltage is varied. Obviously, by increasing the size of
QD the oscillation of conductance and
increases as well. In contrast, the oscillations range reduced
when the size of QD is increased for both, conductance and
characteristics. This result confirms
that the bigger QD contains the higher number of electron and the less spacing energy between
individual electrons in the QD. Besides conductance, the simulation results of the I-V characteristics
demonstrated the staircase profile. This result indicates that one by one electron transfer occurs at
certain voltages. Additionally, the staircase profile changes with increasing the number of step when
the size of QD is increased as the indication of the increasing of containing electron number in the QD.
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Long-range-ordering of Nanodot Arrays Using Self-assembly and Post and Line Mixing Templates
Sumio Hosaka, Takashi Akahane, Miftakhul Huda, Takuya Komori and You Yin
PubMed
Google Scholar
We demonstrated the possibility to form long-range-ordered and self-assembled nanodot arrays with a
dot size of 20 nm and a dot pitch of
using guide post lattice and line mixing
templates for ultrahigh density patterned media. In the experiments using self-assembled block
copolymer of poly styrene-poly dimethl siloxane (PS-PDMS) and the mixing templates made of HSQ
negative electron beam (EB) resist, we obtained the useful results that the templates permitted to form
long-range-order nanodot arrays with larger margin of the post pitch deviation than that using
2-dimensional post lattice and only guide line template. The result indicated the possibility to form
13-nanodot arrays between guide lines using the mixing template.
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Fabrication of Controllable Pore and Particle Size of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles via a Liquid-phase Synthesis
Method and Its Absorption Characteristics
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Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto, Ferry Iskandar and Kikuo Okuyama

PubMed
Google Scholar
Monodisperse spherical mesoporous silica nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using a
liquid-phase synthesis method. The result showed particles with controllable pore size from several to
tens nanometers with outer diameter of several tens nanometers. The ability in the control of pore size
and outer diameter was altered by adjusting the precursor solution ratios. In addition, we have
conducted the adsorption ability of the prepared particles. The result showed that large organic
molecules were well-absorbed to the prepared silica porous particles, in which this result was not
obtained when using commercial dense silica particle and/or hollow silica particle. With this result, the
prepared mesoporous silica particles may be used efficiently in various applications, such as sensors,
pharmaceuticals, environmentally sensitive pursuits, etc.
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Synthesis of
Nanofluids by Wet Mechanochemical Process
S. Harjanto, H. Sutanto, R. Setiaji, A. H. Yuwono and D. Ferdian

PubMed
Google Scholar
Nanofluids have been developed in a search of new coolants with higher thermal conductivity
compared to the conventional coolants, such as water or ethylene glycol. This research is conducted to
observe the main characteristics, such as particle size, suspension stability, and thermal conductivity, of
nanofluids produced from wet mechanochemical process with the addition of 0.02 vol% oleic acid.
Milling process was conducted in conventional planetary ball mill for 15 hours. The results showed
that nanoparticle was formed from micron size raw materials and dan dispersed simultaneously in
water. Particle size distribution of particles which are less than 100 nm size were in the range of
51100%. The ratio of thermal conductivity enhancement of the 1% vol
nanofluids compared
with water without surfactant is 1.1. The ratio of thermal conductivity of
nanofluids increases in
higher concentration of nanofluids. Oleic acid addition increases the particle stability of nanofluids and
its ratio of thermal conductivity.
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Synthesis of Silica Aerogel from Bagasse Ash by Ambient Pressure Drying
Nazriati Heru Setyawan and Sugeng Winardi

PubMed
Google Scholar
Silica aerogels having very high surface area and pore volume have been succesfully synthesized from
bagasse ash by ambient pressure drying (APD) method. Silica in bagasse ash was extracted by alkali
extraction to produce sodium silicate solution. This is done by boiling bagasse ash in 2 N NaOH
solution under continuous stirring for 1 h. To avoid the collapse of gel structure during drying at
ambient pressure condition, the silica surface was modified with alkyl functional groups by a single
step sol-gel process. Silicic acid produced by exchanging
ions in dilute sodium silicate solution
with
ions from cation resin was added with trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) and let the reaction of
TMCS with water pore proceeds for several minutes to produce hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) and
HCl. Then, HMDS was added to allow the modification of silica surface in which the silanol groups
were exchanged with alkyl groups originating from HMDS. The solution pH was then adjusted to 89
by adding
solution to induce gel formation. The hydrogel was aged at
for 18 h and
at
for 1 h. Then, it was dried at
at ambient pressure condition. The silica aerogels
obtained have specific surface, as measured by BET method, ranging from 450.2 to
depending on the synthesis condition. The pore volume was ranging from 0.7 to
It
seems that silica aerogels with very high surface area and pore volume can be obtained if the silanols
group in the silica surface was exchanged succesfully with alkyl groups from HMDS.
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Influence of the Synthesis Conditions on the Properties of
Electrochemical Method
Nanoparticles Prepared by Surfactant-Free
Fauziatul Fajaroh, Heru Setyawan and Sugeng Winardi
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PubMed
Google Scholar
We have been succesfully synthesized monodispersed magnetite nanoparticles by electro-oxidation of
iron in plain water without using any surfactant. The characteristics of particles produced, i.e.,
crystallinity, size, and magnetic behavior, are influenced by the synthesis conditions including the
current density and the inter-electrodes distance. The crystallinity and size of particles increase by
increasing the current density and by decreasing the inter-electrodes distance. The mean size of
magnetite nanoparticles produced by this method ranging from 10 to 30 nm depending on the synthesis
conditions. Although there are some impurities in the form of FeOOH, which is a non-magnetic
material, the nanoparticles still exhibit ferromagnetic behavior with a relatively high saturation
magnetization ranging from 60 to
and a coercivity ranging from 140 to 295 Oe
depending on the synthesis condition. This simple method appears to be a promising synthetic route to
producing magnetite nanoparticles for many applications.
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Surfactant Free P3HT / PCBM Nanoparticles for Organic Photovoltaics (OPV)
Darmawati Darwis, Daniel Elkington, Elisa Sesa, Nathan Cooling, Glenn Bryant, Xiaojing Zhou,
Warwick Belcher and Paul Dastoor
PubMed
Google Scholar
Initial attempts to prepare conducting polymer nanoparticles with ethanol as a solvent are described.
Using poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/1-(methoxycarbonylpropyl)-1-phenyl-[6,6]C61 (PCBM)
blends we demonstrate surfactant-free synthesis and characterization of polymer nanoparticles in
ethanol dispersion. The spectral features of the nanoparticles were investigated by UV-vis
spectrophotometry show that P3HT has an absorption maximum at 520 nm, while the absorption
peak of PCBM lies at 330 nm. Corresponding fluorescence spectra of the nanoparticles show an
emission peak at 630 nm with a shoulder visible at 720 nm. TEM spectra show that the particle size is
in the range 35 to 100 nm. Using the ethanol suspension of these particles, we have fabricated and
characterized working OPV (organic photovoltaic) devices. This approach is shown to be an effective
way to control active layer morphology in OPV devices.
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High-Performance Thin Film Transistor from Solution-Processed P3HT Polymer Semiconductor Nanoparticles
Darmawati Darwis, Daniel Elkington, Syahrul Ulum, Andrew Stapleton, Glenn Bryant, Xiaojing Zhou,
Warwick Belcher and Paul Dastoor
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nanoparticulate suspensions of semiconducting polymer poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT) have been
prepared in water through a mini-emulsion process using sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) as the
surfactant. Using these suspensions, we have fabricated organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) in a top
gate configuration. These devices operate at a low voltage and show output characteristics similar to
those achieved when the P3HT film is spun from chloroform. To characterize the properties of the film
made from the nanoparticle suspension, differential thermal analysis (TGA), differential scanning
calorimetry (DSC), atomic force microscopy (AFM), fluorescence spectra analysis, ultraviolet/visible
(UV/VIS) spectrophotometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) have been used.
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Application of Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials in Oil and Gas Industry
Nader Nabhani, Milad Emami and A. B. Taghavi Moghadam

PubMed
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Micro and nano technologies have already contributed significantly to technological advances in a
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number of industries, including electronics, biomedical, pharmaceutical, materials and manufacturing,

aerospace, photography and more recently the energy industries. Micro and nanotechnologies have the
potential to introduce revolutionary changes in several areas of the oil and gas industries such as
exploration, drilling, production, refining and distribution. For example, nanosensors might provide
more detailed and accurate information about reservoirs and smart fluids for enhanced oil recovery
(EOR) and drilling. This paper examines and documents applicable nanotechnology base products that
can improve the competitiveness of the oil and gas industry. The future challenges of nanotechnology
application in the oil and gas industry are also discussed.
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Enhancement of Carbothermic Reduction of
via Mechanical Milling
Asep Ridwan Setiawan, Makoto Ohtsuka and Hiroyuki Fukuyama

PubMed
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The mixture of
and graphite with a molar ratio (1:3) were mechanically milled in a planetary
ball mill at room temperature using zirconia ball. The mixture was milled for 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 h in air
atmosphere. Unmilled and milled mixtures were characterized using a combination of X-ray diffraction
(XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), specific surface area analysis (SSA), and
thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). TG analysis indicated that the reduction reaction of milled sample
occurs at lower temperature compared to the unmilled sample. Mechanical milling of
-graphite mixtures has led to the following results; size reduction of the
crystallite up to
20nm, formation of amorphous graphite and the increase in the surface area of
particles.
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The Observation of the Steady State Phase on Rolling Contact Using Finite Element Analysis
R. Ismail, M. Tauviqirrahman, Jamari and D. J. Schipper

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PubMed
Google Scholar
The study of the mechanical components on the micro/nano-scale requires the investigation on stress,
contact pressure and deformation of the contacting components particularly. On the micro/nano-scale,
the discussion on the rolling contact between two mechanical components takes place not only on the
general surface but also covers the asperity level on the rough surface scale. During rolling contact of
the mechanical components, the model can be simplified to the contact between a roller on a rough
surface. This model is occupied in finite element analysis to observe the steady state phase during
rolling contact. The steady state phase is the second phase of the new components life-cycle where the
plastic deformation, contact stress and contact pressure found their stabilized form and the optimal
condition on the contact loading is reached. The steady state phase takes place after running-in phase
where the aforementioned parameters still occur in the transient mode and still vary with time. In this
paper, two-dimensional model of a cylinder rolls over a surface are employed in the simulation by
considering the elastic-plastic material with strain hardening behavior. The contact stress and residual
stress of the rough surface due to rolling contact are observed to determine the steady state phase. The
results show that the steady state of the contact stress and residual stress has been obtained on the
second repeated rolling contact. The stability of the contact and residual stress on the second cycle is
not only influenced by the strain hardening behavior but it is also influenced by the flattening of the
asperity which produces larger contact area such that the contact load is homogenously distributed on
the truncated asperity.
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Comparing Model Parameters of Bulk Heterojunction and Nanoparticulate Photovoltaic Cells Using a Two-diode
Model
Elisa Sesa, Ben Vaughan, M. Syahrul Ulum, Xiaojing Zhou, John Holdsworth, Warwick Belcher and
Paul Dastoor
PubMed
Google Scholar
The performance of organic solar cells can be influenced by many factors such as device structure,
active layer morphology, and active layer material. These performance differences can be seen through
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their characteristic electrical parameters. The aim of this article is to show the differences in electrical
parameter properties that result from differences in active layer morphology. In particular, the
differences between bulk heterojunction (BHJ) and nanoparticulate solar cells are determined using a
two-diode circuit model. The simulation results show clear differences in photocurrent generation,
serial resistance, and shunt resistance between the bulk heterojunction and nanoparticulate photovoltaic
cells.
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Structural, Magnetic and Microwave Absorption Characteristics of
Nano-particles
Prepared by Co-Precipitation Method
D. N. Rohadiana, Z. A. Z. Jamal, S. B. Jamaludin, M. F. Bari, M. F. Malek and C. E. Meng

PubMed
Google Scholar
Synthesis of
nano-particles were realized via co-precipitation method.
X-ray diffractometer (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and network analyzer
measurements were performed on the samples to determine, respectively, the characteristics of the
crystal structure, and the magnetic and microwave absorption properties of the samples. The XRD
patterns showed that all the samples are of single phase spinel type ferrites without the presence of
other phases. Patterns of decreasing lattice parameter and increasing crystallite size values were
observed at increasing Li concentration. For the magnetic property, the saturation magnetization
was found to vary with increasing pattern at higher Li doping level. The microwave electromagnetic
properties of the samples were studied at the frequency range of 815 GHz and the results showed the
material has the potential to be an alternative microwave absorber. The results and mechanisms
concerned are discussed.
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The Influence of Cu-doping on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of
Y. E. Gunanto, A. Purwanto, B. Kurniawan, S. Poertadji, A. Fajar, H. Mugirahardjo and W. A. Adi

PubMed
Google Scholar
We synthesize and characterize
with
to understand the
influence on its structural and magnetic properties. Characterization of the structural properties of the
compound was performed. The Neutron High Resolution Powder
Diffractometer measurement shows that the materials at room temperature are single phase and
crystallize in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. At low temperatures, the magnetic moments order
ferromagnetically with decreasing magnitude order as x increases. The unit cell volumes at low
temperature are smaller than those at room temperature.
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Diffusion Flame Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles using Urea Assisted Precursor Solution
Widiyastuti, Adhi Setiawan, Heru Setyawan, Kusdianto , Tantular Nurtono, Suci Madha Nia and
Sugeng Winardi
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hydroxyapatite (HA) or
has been widely used in orthopedics and dental
applications for human bone implant and teeth filler due to their biocompatibility and osteoconductive
properties. Fine to nanoparticles of HA with appropriate stoichiometry and purity are preferred because
they enhance densification and bioactive properties. Here, we reported the synthesis of hydroxyapatite
particles in a diffusion flame reactor. LPG mainly consisting of butane and propane was used as fuel
and compressed air was used as oxidizer and carrier gas. The effects of urea adding into precursor on
morphology and crystallinity of the generated particles were investigated. Scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to observe particles morphology and
crystallinity, respectively. Purity of the generated particles was analyzed quantitatively from XRD
pattern using Rietveld method. Spherical shape of particles morphology was obtained for particles
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synthesized without urea added into precursor. Increasing fuel flow rate and urea concentration led to
further disintegration of the generated particles. Nano sized particles were generated using fuel flow
rate of 1 L/min and 30 w% concentration of urea added into precursor. However, increasing urea
concentration led to the increase of tricalcium phosphate as a further reaction of hydroxyapatite for
flame generated by using LPG as fuel of 1 L/min.
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Optimization of Coating Temperature of
Photodegradation of Methylene Blue
Nanoparticles on the Polypropylene Copolymer Surface for
Hasniah Aliah, Osi Arutanti, Masturi , Andhy Setiawan, Euis Sustini, Maman Budiman and
Mikrajuddin Abdullah
PubMed
Google Scholar
nanoparticles have been coated on the polypropylene (PP) copolymers using a milling method
with temperature controller modification. These experiments were carried out at different milling
temperature:
and
for 90 minute milling time for each
experiment. Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) was investigated using
coated
PP copolymer which floats on the MB solution and illuminated under sunlight for 36 hours. It was
found that
coated PP polymer at temperature of
resulted in optimum decomposition of
MB solution. The concentration of MB in a test solution after 18 hours of exposure to the sun was
15.42%. The reaction rate constants (k) and the half-reaction
in the MB photodegradation using
the catalysts with a coating temperature of
are
and 6.53 hours,
respectively. This coated material is very potential for repeated use to purify bulk water in high
sunlight intensity region.
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Scitation: THE 4TH NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SYMPOSIUM (NNS2011): An
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