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LIGHTING IN

LANDSCAPE

DR. BN COLLEGE OF
ARCHITECTURE, PUNE

NAME: ANU ALREJA

CLASS: FOURTH YEAR B.ARCH

ROLL NO.: 2
SUBJECT: DESIGN ELECTIVE
(ADVANCED LANDSCAPE
DESIGN)

CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. BASIC FUNCTION OF LIGHTING
POWER OF LIGHT

3. LIGHTING FUNDAMENTALS

ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
HOW THE EYE WORKS
RODS AND CONES
EYE PERFORMANCE AND LIGHTING CRITERIA
LUMINANCE CONTRAST

4. LIGHT AND COLOUR


LIGHT SPECTRUM
COLOUR TEMPERATURE
COLOUR RENDITION

5. LIGHTING AND BEHAVIORAL RESPONSE


LIGHTING LEVEL

6. LAMPS
7. LIGHT FIXTURES

LANTERNS
BOLLARD AND PATH FIXTURES
POST, WALL-MOUNTED, AND HANGING FIXTURES
SURFACE-MOUNTED FIXTURES

8. FACTORS TO BE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION

BRIGHTNESS
GLARE
DISCOMFORT GLARE
DISABILITY GLARE
DISTANCE AND ANGLE OF LIGHT
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DEPTH
REFLECTANCE
CHOOSING LIGHT BULBS
COLOUR RENDERING
COLOUR TEMPERATURE
LIGHT BULB LIFE
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
CHOOSING A SYSTEM
HALOGEN PROJECTOR BULBS
HALOGEN DICHROIC BULBS

POSITIONING

9. TYPES OF GARDEN LIGHTING

TYPES OF LIGHT FITTINGS


LINE VOLTAGE LIGHTING
LOW VOLTAGE LIGHTING
WIRING APPROACHES
MULTIPLE-FEED WIRING METHOD
MULTIPLE-TRANSFORMER WIRING METHOD

SOLAR LIGHTING
DIRECTIONAL LIGHTING
PATH AND STEP LIGHTS
AREA LIGHTING
FLOOD LIGHTS
SECURITY LIGHTS
LINEAR LIGHTING
STRING LIGHTING
TAPE LIGHTING
FIBRE OPTIC LIGHTING

10. THE PURPOSE OF LIGHTING

ORNAMENTAL LIGHTING
AMENITY LIGHTING
TASK LIGHTING
ACCESS LIGHTING
SECURITY LIGHTING

11. SOME EXAMPLES


12. GARDEN-LIGHTING EFFECTS

DOWNLIGHTING
UPLIGHTING
GRAZING
WASHING
CROSSLIGHTING
ACCENT LIGHTING
SPOTLIGHTING
MIRRORING
SILHOUETTING
THE HALO EFFECT
AREA LIGHTING
FLOODLIGHTING
STEP AND VISTA LIGHTING
SPREAD LIGHTING
SHADOWING
MOON LIGHTING
DIRECT LIGHTING
INDIRECT LIGHTING

13. LIGHTING GARDEN FEATURES


WATER FEATURES

MOVING WATER
STILL WATER
COMPLEX WATER FEATURES
UNDERWATER LIGHTING
FOUNTAINS
WALL FOUNTAINS
POSITIONING UNDERWATER LIGHTS
LIGHTING FISH PONDS
BRIDGES AND STEPPING STONES
WATERFALLS
UPRIGHT WATER FEATURES
LOCATING FIXTURES ABOVE THE WATERS SURFACE
SAFETY
LAMPS


FIBRE OPTICS

PLANT MATERIALS
SCULPTURES
UPLIGHTING VERSUS DOWNLIGHTING
ONE VIEWING DIRECTION
MULTIPLE VIEWING DIRECTIONS

WALKWAYS AND STAIRS

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