Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Manila
COURSE OUTLINE
PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW
1st Semester, SY 2016-17
M. L. Perete
mlperete@bpclaw.org
PART I
PRELIMINARY TOPICS
A. INTRODUCTION
The Nature and Function of Private International Law
B. JURISDICTION
1. Aspects
a.
b.
c.
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?
court=US&vol=433&invol=186
2. Territoriality
a. Extradition as relief
Government of the United States of America, represented by the
Philippine Department of Justice vs. Hon. Guillermo Purganan,
Presiding Judge Regional Trial Court of Manila and Marc Jimenez
a.k.a. Marcio Batacan Crespo, G.R. No. 148571, 24 September 2002
and
Robert
Orr
a.1
c. Comparative Impairment
In Re: Air Crash Disaster Near Chicago, Ill., 644 F. 2d 594.
454 US 818 (1981)
d. Functional Analysis
Milliken v. Pratt, 125 Mass, 374 (1876)
e. Choice-Influencing Considerations
D. CHARACTERIZATION
Salvador H. Laurel v. Ramon Garcia, G.R. No. 92013, 25 July 1990
1. Single-Aspect Method
Article 15, 16 and 17, Civil Code
a. Subject-matter characterization
Gibbs v. Government of the Philippine Islands, 59 Phil. 293
(1933)
b. Substance-Procedure Dichotomy
Grant v. McAuliffe, 41 Cal. 2d 859 (1953)
LWV Construction Corporation, vs. Marcelo B. Dupo, G.R. No. 172342,
July 13, 2009
i.
Statute of Frauds
Marie v. Garrison, 13 Abb. N. Cas. 210 (N.Y. Super. Ct.
1883)
ii.
2. Depecage
Haumschild v. Continental Casualty, 7 Wis. 2d 130, 95 N.W. 2d 814
(1959)
E. RENVOI
1. Approaches and Function
Aznar v. Garcia, 117 Phil. 106, 7 SCRA 95 (1963)
University of Chicago v. Dater, 277 Mich. 653, 270 N.W. 175
(1936)
Philippine Commercial and Industrial Bank, et al., vs. The
Honorable Venicio Escolin, Presiding Judge of the Court of First
Instance of Iloilo, Branch II, et al, G.R. Nos. L-27860 and L27896 March 29, 1974; Testate Estate of the Late Linnie Jane
4
Hodges et al,, vs. Lorenzo Carles, et al., etc., G.R. Nos. L27936 & L-27937 March 29, 1974 (see, concurring opinion, J.
Tehankee)
2. Criticism
Annesley, Davidson v. Annesley, 95 LJ Ch. 404 (1926)
In Re Schneirs Estate, 198 Misc. 1017, 96 N.Y.S. 2d, 652, S.Ct.
N.Y. Co. (1950)
https://books.google.com.ph/books?
id=r8xkje2SFVoC&pg=PA11&lpg=PA11&dq=In+re+Schneider
%27s+Estate+96+N.Y.S.2d+652+(1950)&source=bl&ots=K0gj4NQuQ&sig=PrRBAffLVsw8dMTF2SbdkcUfFB8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCQQ6AEwBDgKahUK
Ewi92JS8m5fHAhUDGY4KHc_cAqc#v=onepage&q=In%20re%20Schneider's
%20Estate%2096%20N.Y.S.2d%20652%20(1950)&f=false
3. False Conflict
Pfau v. Trent Aluminum Co., 55 NJ 511 (1970)
Paula T. Llorente vs. Court of Appeals and Alicia E. Llorente,
G.R. No. 124371, November 23, 2000
Bellis v. Bellis, 20 SCRA 359 (1968)
F. FOREIGN LAW
1. Proof of foreign law
a. Generally
Philippine Commercial and Industrial Bank v. Escolin 56 SCRA
266 (1974)
Zalamea v. Court of Appeals, 228 SCRA 27 (1993)
In Re Estate of Johnson, 39 Phil. 156 (1918)
b. In administrative bodies
Dumez Company and Trans-Orient Engineers, Inc., vs. National
Labor Relations Commission and Veronico Ebilane, G.R. No.
74495. July 11, 1996
2. Failure To Plead and Prove Foreign Law
a. Foreign law and the duty to establish a prima facie case
Walton v. Arabian American Oil Co., 233 F. 2nd. F4 (1956)
b. Application of Forum Law
i.
ii.
Processual Presumption
Suntay v. Suntay, 95 Phil 500 (1952) how did the court
apply processual presumption? What is the nature of
ii.
iii.
Property-related issues
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
ii.
Extradition as remedy
Government of the United States of America, etc. vs. Hon.
Guillermo G. Purganan, et al., G.R. No. 148571, 24
September 2002
viii.
Residence requirement
Dy v. Republic, 92 Phil 278 (1952)
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
Others
Chua v. Republic, 12 SCRA 51 (1964)
Go Kem Lin v. Republic, 14 SCRA 225 (1965)
Ciao Kun v. Republic, 17 SCRA 144 (1966)
b. Disqualifications
i.
Burden of Proof
Peng v. Republic, 3 SCRA 573 (1964)
Haou Siong v. Republic, 3 SCRA 629 (1965)
ii.
Moral turpitude
Tak Ng v. Republic, 106 Phil 730 (1959)
c. Procedure
Lim Siong v. Republic, 28 SCRA 687 (1969)
Lim v. Republic, 33 SCRA 338 (1970)
Po Yo Bi v. Republic, 205 SCRA 400 (1992)
Lim Yeo v. Republic, 39 SCRA 199 (1971)
Chua Bon Ceong v. Republic, 39 SCRA 318 (1971)
Que Tiac v. Republic, 43 SCRA 56 (1971)
Tan Chua v. Republic, 19 SCRA 797 (1967)
d. Effect on Spouse and Children
Yao Mun Tek v. Republic, 37 SCRA 55 (1971)
Tan Teng Hen v. Republic, 58 SCRA 500 (1974)
Republic v. Li Yao, 214 SCRA 748 (1992)
4. Dual of Multiple Nationalities/Citizenship
Liechtenstein v. Guatemala 155 International Court of Justice
(ICJ) Reports 4 (1955) [Nottebohm Case]
Oh Hek How v. Republic, 29 SCRA 94 (1969)
Ernesto S. Mercado v. Eduardo Barrios Manzano and COMELEC, G.R.
No. 135083, 26 May 1999
Cirilo R. Valles v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 137000, 9 August 2000
Republic Act No. 9225 (Dual Citizenship Law)
3. Absence/Death
Article 390 and 391, New Civil Code
Article 41, Family Code
Republic v. Yolanda Granada, G.R. No. 187512, 13 June 2012
4. Name
Padilla v. Republic, 113 SCRA 789 (1982)
Rommel Jacinto Dantes Silverio v. Republic, G.R. No. 174689, 22
October 2007
Republic of the Philippines v. Jennifer B. Cagandahan, G.R. No.
166676, 12 September 2008
5. Capacity
Insular Government v. Frank, 13 Phil. 236 (1909)
PART III
CHOICE OF LAW PROBLEMS
A.
IN FAMILY RELATIONS
1. Marriage
Article 1, Family Code
Article 15, New Civil Code
Article 220, New Civil Code
2. Extrinsic Validity of Marriage Lex Loci Celebrationis
Article 2, Hague Convention on Celebration and Recognition of
Validity of Marriage
Article 26, Family Code
People v. Mora Dumpo, 62 Phil 246 (1935)
Parental Authority
11
12
C.
IN CONTRACTS
1. In general
Articles 1305, 1315 and 1356, New Civil Code
2. Extrinsic Validity of Contracts
Article 17, New Civil Code
Lex loci celebrationis
Republic of the Philippines v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 108292, 10
September 1993, supra.
Article 1319, New Civil Code
Engel v. Velasco, 47 Phil 115
3. Intrinsic Validity of Contracts
a. Lex Loci Contractus
13
ii.
14
C.
IN WILLS, SUCCESSION AND ADMINISTRATION OF ESTATES
Article 783, Civil Code
Osorio v. Posadas, 56 Phil 748 (1929)
1. Extrinsic Validity of Wills
Articles 17 and 815, New Civil Code
Articles 816 and 817, New Civil Code
In Re: Estate of Johnson, 39 Phil 156 (1918)
Article 818, New Civil Code
Dacanay v. Florendo, 87 Phil. 326 (1950)
Article 810
Fernando v. Villalon, 3 Phil 386 (1904)
Babcock Templeton v. Rider Babcock, 52 Phil. 130 (1928)
2. Intrinsic Validity of Wills
Article 16, New Civil Code
Miciano v. Brimo, 50 Phil. 867 (1924)
Cayetano v. Leonidas, 129 SCRA 522 (1984)
Alonzo Q. Ancheta v. Candelaria Guersey-Dalaygon, G.R. No.
139868, 08 June 2006
15
3. Interpretation of Wills
Articles 1370, 1371, 1375, New Civil Code
Article 788, New Civil Code
Yambao v. Gonzales, 1 SCRA 1157 (1961)
4. Revocation of Wills
Articles 828, 830 New Civil Code
Manahan v. Manahan, 58 Phil 448 (1933)
5. Probate
Article 817, New Civil Code
Suntay v. Suntay, 95 Phil 500 (1954)
Vda. De Perez v. Tolete, 232 SCRA 722 (1994)
Manuel Miguel Palaganas, et al. v. Ernesto Palaganas, G.R. No.
169144, 26 January 2011
6. Administration of Estates
Leon and Ghezzi v. Manufacture Life Insurance Co., 90 Phil. 495
(1951)
Tayag v. Benguet Consolidated Inc., 26 SCRA 242 (1968)
D.
IN TORTS AND CRIMES
1. Lex Loci Delicti Commissi
Alabama Great Southern Railroad v. Carroll, 97 Ala. 126, 11 So.
803 (1892)
Loucks v. Standard Oil Co., 224 NY 99; NE 198 (1913)
Saudi Arabian Airlines v. Court of Appeals, et al., supra.
2. Modern Theories on Foreign Tort Liability
a. The Most Significant Relationship
Babcock v. Jackson, 12 NY 2d 473; 240 NYS 2d 743; 191 NE 2d
279 (1963)
Bernabe L Navida, et al. v. Hon. Teodoro A. Dizon, et al.,
G.R. No. 125078, 30 May 2011
b. Interest Analysis
c. Cavers Principles of Preference
Schmidt v. Driscoll Hotel, 249 Minn. 376, N.W. 2d 365 (1957)
3. Foreign Tort Claims
a. Conditions for the Enforcement of Tort Claims
b. Products Liability of the Foreign Manufacturer
16
Sovereign Immunity
United States of America v. Guinto, 182 SCRA 644 (1990)
M.H. Wylie v. Rarang, 209 SCRA 357 (1992)
Liang (Huefeng) v. People of the Philippines, G.R. No.
125865 (2000)
Deutsche Gesellschaft FR Technische Zusammenarbeit, etc. v.
Honorable Court of Appeals, et al., G.R. No. 152318, 16 April
2009
China National Machinery Equipment Corp. v. Hon. Cesar D.
Santamaria, et al., G.R. No. 185572, 7 February 2012
Suzette Nicolas y Sombilon v. Alberto Romulo, et al., G.R.
No. 175888, 11 February 2009
(b)
(c)
PART IV
CHOICE OF LAW AFFECTING CORPORATIONS AND OTHER JURIDICAL ENTITIES
A.
CORPORATIONS
1. Personal Law of Corporations
Arts. 2, 123, Corporation Code
M.E. Gray v. Insular Lumber Company, 67 Phil. 139 (1939)
Bank of Augusta v. Earle, 38 US (13 Pet.) 519 (1839)
Marshall Wells Co. v. Elser, Co., 46 Phil. 71 (1924)
17
(b)
Control Test
i. In general
Wilson Gamboa v. Finance Secretary Margarito Teves, et al.,
G.R. No. 176579, 28 January 2011
ii. During War
Filipinas Compania De Seguros v. Christern, Huenefeld &
Co., Inc. 89 Phil 54 (1951)
Service of Summons
Sections 125, 126, 127, 128 and 129, Corporation Code
Northwest Airlines v. Court of Appeals, 241 SCRA 192 (1995)
Avon Insurance PLC, et al. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No.
97642, 29 August 1997
(b)
18
Revocation of License
Sections 134 and 135, Corporation Code
(d)
5. Derivative Jurisdiction
Frummer v. Milton Hotels, International, Inc. 19 NY 2d 533; 227
NE 2d 851 (1967)
Taca International Airlines v. Rolls Royce of England, Ltd., 15
NY 2d 97; 204 NE 2d 329 (1965)
6. Special Corporations
(a)
Religious Societies
Register of Deeds of Rizal v. Ung Siu Si Temple, 97 Phil 58
(1955)
(b)
Corporation Sole
Section 110, Corporation Code
Roman Catholic Apostolic Administrator of Davao v. Land
Registration Commissioner, 102 Phil. 596 (1957)
7. Partnerships
Article
Article
Article
Article
PART X
FOREIGN JUDGMENTS
1. Bases of Recognition and Enforcement
Priscilla C. Mijares, et al. v. Hon. Santiago Javier Ranada, G.R.
No. 139325, 12 April 2005
Gerbert R. Corpuz v. Daisylyn Tirol Sto. Tomas, et al., G.R. No.
186571, 11 August 2010
2. Requisites for Recognition or Enforcement
(a)
Tribunals jurisdiction
Northwest Orient Airlines, Inc. v. Court of Appeals, et
al., 241 SCRA 192 (1995)
Noudard v. Tait, 67 Phil 170 (1939)
Ramirez v. Gmur, 42 Phil 855 (1918)
Borthwick v. Castro, 152 SCRA 229 (1987)
St. Aviation Services, Co., PTE Ltd. v. Grand International
Airways, Inc., G.R. No. 140288, 23 October 2006
(b)
(c)
(d)
Reciprocity
Cowans, et al. v. Teconderoga Pulp & Paper Co., 219 NYS 284
(1927)
(e)
20