Kha hc n thi THPT Quc gia nm 2016 mn Ha hc

THI TH THPT QUC GIA LN I NM HC 2015 2016

Mn: HA HC
Cu 1: Trong cc halogen sau y, halogen c tnh oxi ha mnh nht l
A. Clo.
B. Flo.
C. Brom.
D. Iot.
Cu 2: Phn ng no di y khng phi l phn ng oxi ha kh?
o
o
A. 6KOH 3Cl
B. 4FeO O
t 5KCl

KClO
3 3H 2O.
t 2Fe 2O 3
2
2
o

C. BaCO
D. 2KMnO
t
BaO CO 2 .
t K 2 MnO
4 O 2 MnO 2
3
4
Cu 3: Cho bit s hiu nguyn t ca X l 13. Cu hnh electron nguyn t ca nguyn t X l
A. 1s22s22p63s23p6.
B. 1s22s22p63s23p2.
C. 1s22s22p63s23p1.
D. 1s22s22p63s23p3.
Cu 4: Ha tan hon ton 5,4 gam Ag bng dung dch HNO 3, thu c x mol NO 2 (l sn phm kh duy
nht). Gi tr ca x l
A. 0,05.
B. 0,10.
C. 0,15.
D. 0,25.
Cu 5: Lu hunh trong cht no sau y va c tnh oxi ha, va c tnh kh
A. H2S.
B. Na2SO4.
C. SO2.
D. H2SO4.
Cu 6: t chy hon ton m gam Cu trong kh Cl2 d, thu c 13,5 gam mui. Gi tr ca m l
A. 6,4.
B. 3,2.
C. 12,8.
D. 9,6.
Cu 7: Cho cc nguyn t: Al (Z = 13), Si (Z = 14), Mg (Z = 12). Dy gm cc nguyn t c sp xp
theo chiu gim dn bn knh nguyn t t tri sang phi l:
A. Si, Mg, Al.
B. Mg, Al, Si.
C. Si, Al, Mg.
D. Mg, Si, Al
Cu 8: Cho 0,3 gam mt kim loi ha tr II phn ng ht vi dung dch HCl d, thu c 0,28 lt H 2
(ktc). Kim loi l
A. Ca.
B. Ba.
C. Sr.
D. Mg.
Cu 9: Dy gm cc cht trong phn t ch c lin kt cng ho tr phn cc l
A. O2, H2O, NH3
B. H2O, HF, H2S
C. HCl, O3, H2S
D. HF, Cl2, H2O
Cu 10: Ha tan hon ton 2,7 gam Al bng dung dch H 2SO4 long, d th thu c V lt H2 (ktc). Gi tr
ca V l
A. 2,24.
B. 1,12.
C. 4,48.
D. 3,36.
Cu 11: Thc hin cc th nghim sau iu kin thng:
(a) Sc kh H2SO4 vo dung dch NaOH.
(b) Cho NaCl vo dung dch KNO3.
(c) Cho Na2CO3 vo dung dch HCl
(d) Cho dung dch CuSO4 vo dung dch Ba(OH)2.
S th nghim xy ra phn ng l
A. 1.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cu 12: V tr ca nguyn t Na (Z=11) trong BTH l:
A. Chu k 4, nhm IA
B. Chu k 4, nhm IB
C. Chu k 3, nhm IA
D. Chu k 3, nhm IB
Cu 13: Kh hon ton 4,8 gam Fe2O3 bng CO d nhit cao. Khi lng Fe thu c sau phn ng l
A. 2,52 gam.
B. 3,36 gam.
C. 1,68 gam.
D. 1,44 gam.
Cu 14: Dung dch HNO3 khng phn ng vi cht no sau y?
A. Mg.
B. FeO.
C. Ag.
D. CuSO4.
Cu 15: Oxit no sau y l oxit axit?
A. MgO.
B. CaO.
C. CO2.
D. Na2O.
Cu 16: Cht no sau y khng phn ng c vi axit axetic?
A. NaOH.
B. Cu.
C. Na.
D. CaCO3.
Cu 17: X phng ha hon ton 3,7 gam CH 3COOCH3 bng mt lng va dung dch NaOH. C cn
dung dch sau phn ng thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 1,6.
B. 3,2.
C. 4,1.
D. 8,2.
Cu 18: Trong cc cht sau y, cht no c nhit si cao nht
A. CH3COOH.
B. CH3CHO.
C. CH3CH3.
D. CH3CH2OH.
Cu 19: Khi lm th nghim vi HNO3 c, nng thng sinh ra kh NO2. hn ch tt nht kh NO2
thot ra gy nhim mi trng, ngi ta nt ng nghim bng bng tm dung dch no sau y
A. Nc vi trong.
B. Mui n.
C. Gim n.
D. Cn.
Cu 20: Cho 9 gam amin X n chc, bc 1 phn ng vi lng d dung dch HCl, thu c dung dch
cha 16,3 gam mui. Cng thc ca X l
A. CH3NH2.
B. CH3NHCH3.
C. C3H7NH2.
D. CH3CH2NH2.
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Kha hc n thi THPT Quc gia nm 2016 mn Ha hc

Cu 21: Phn ng thy phn este trong mi trng kim, un nng c gi l phn ng
A. trng hp.
B. thy phn.
C. x phng ha.
D. trng ngng.
Cu 22: Cht no sau y khng thy phn trong mi trng axit
A. Tinh bt.
B. Glucoz.
C. Saccaroz.
D. Xenluloz.
Cu 23: Cht no sau y thuc loi amin bc mt
A. (CH3)3N.
B. CH3NHCH3.
C. CH3NH2.
D. CH3CH2NHCH3.
Cu 24: Cho cc pht biu sau
(a) nhit thng, Cu(OH)2 tan c trong dung dch glixerol.
(b) nhit thng, C2H4 phn ng c vi nc brom.
(c) t chy hon ton CH3COOCH3 thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O.
(d) axit fomic (HCOOH) phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH.
S pht biu ng l
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 1.
D. 3.
Cu 25: Cho CH3CHO phn ng vi H2 (xc tc Ni, nun nng) thu c
A. CH3COOH.
B. HCOOH.
C. CH3CH2OH.
D. CH3OH.
Cu 26: un 4,6 gam C2H5OH vi CH3COOH d (xc tc H2SO4 c), thu c 2,2 gam
CH3COOC2H5. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ho tnh theo ancol l
A. 12,5%.
B. 75%.
C. 25,00%.
D. 50,00%.
Cu 27: Cht bo l trieste ca axit bo vi
A. ancol metylic.
B. etylen glicol.
C. ancol etylic.
D. glixerol.
Cu 28: Kh thin nhin c dng lm nhin liu v nguyn liu cho cc nh my sn xut in, s, m,
ancol metylic,... Thnh phn chnh ca kh thin nhin l
A. C6H6.
B. C2H4.
C. CH4.
D. C2H2.
Cu 29: Pht biu no sau y sai?
A. Kh clo c dng st trng nc sinh hot
B. Phn m cung cp nguyn t nito cho cy
C. Axit sunfuric l mt trong nhng ha cht c nhiu ng dng quan trng trong cng nghip
D. Trong t nhin, oxi ch tn ti dng n cht.
Cu 30: t chy hon ton cht hu c no sau y thu c sn phm c cha N2?
A. Xenluloz.
B. Amin.
C. Cht bo.
D. Tinh bt.
Cu 31: Axit X cha mt nhm -COOH trong phn t. Y l este ca X vi 1 ancol n chc, MY = 88. Cng
thc ca X, Y ln lt l
A. CH3-COOH, CH3-COOC2H5.
B. CH3- CH2-COOH, CH3- CH2-COOC2H5.
C. H-COOH, H-COOCH3.
D. HCOOH, HCOOC2H5.
Cu 32: Hn hp X gm 2 hirocacbon mch h. t chy hon ton mt lng X, thu c CO2 v H2O c
s mol bng nhau. X khng th gm
A. ankan v anken.
B. hai anken.
C. ankan v ankin.
D. ankan v ankaien.
+
2+
+
Cu 33: Dung dch X gm 0,1 mol K ; 0,2 mol Mg ; 0,1 mol Na ; 0,2 mol Cl v a mol Y2 . C cn
dung dch X, thu c m gam mui khan. Ion Y2 v gi tr ca m l
A. SO24 v 56,5.
B. CO32 v 30,1.
C. SO24 v 37,3.
D. CO32 v 42,1.
Cu 34: Ha tan 1,12 gam Fe bng 300 ml dung dch HCl 0,2M, thu c dung dch X v kh H2. Cho dung
5
dch AgNO3 d vo X, thu c kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht ca N ) v m gam kt ta. Bit cc phn
ng xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca m l
A. 7,36.
B. 8,61.
C. 9,15.
D. 10,23.
Cu 35: C ba dung dch ring bit: H2SO4 1M; KNO3 1M; HNO3 1M c nh s ngu nhin l (1),
(2), (3).
- Trn 5 ml dung dch (1) vi 5 ml dung dch (2), thm bt Cu d, thu c V1 lt kh NO.
- Trn 5 ml dung dch (1) vi 5 ml dung dch (3), thm bt Cu d, thu c 2V1 lt kh NO.
- Trn 5 ml dung dch (2) vi 5 ml dung dch (3), thm bt Cu d, thu c V2 lt kh NO.
Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, NO l sn phm kh duy nht, cc th tch kh o cng iu
kin. So snh no sau y ng?
A. V2 = V1.
B. V2 = 3V1.
C. V2 = 2V1.
D. 2V2 = V1.
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Kha hc n thi THPT Quc gia nm 2016 mn Ha hc

Cu 36: phn tch nh tnh cc nguyn t trong hp cht hu c, ngi ta thc hin mt th nghim c
m t nh hnh v:
Hp cht hu c
Bng trn CuSO4 khan

Dung dch Ca(OH)2

Pht biu no sau y ng?
A. Th nghim trn dng xc nh clo c trong hp cht hu c.
B. Trong th nghim trn c th thay dung dch Ca(OH)2 bng dung dch Ba(OH)2.
C. Bng trn CuSO4 khan c tc dng chnh l ngn hi hp cht hu c thot ra khi ng nghim.
D. Th nghim trn dng xc nh nit c trong hp cht hu c.
Cu 37: Hn hp X gm CaC2 x mol v Al4C3 y mol. Cho mt lng nh X vo H 2O rt d, thu c dung
dch Y, hn hp kh Z (C2H2 v CH4) v a gam kt ta Al(OH)3. t chy ht Z, ri cho ton b sn phm
vo Y c 2a gam kt ta. Bit cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton. T l x : y bng
A. 5 : 6.
B. 1 : 2.
C. 3 : 2.
D. 4 : 3.
Cu 38: Tin hnh cc th nghim sau iu kin thng:
(a) Sc kh SO2 vo dung dch H2S.
(b) Sc kh F2 vo nc.
(c) Cho KMnO4 vo dung dch HCl c.
(d) Sc kh CO2 vo dung dch NaOH.
(e) Cho Si vo dung dch NaOH long.
(g) Cho Na2SO3 vo dung dch H2SO4.
S th nghim c sinh ra n cht l
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 6.
Cu 39: Bng di y ghi li hin tng khi lm th nghim vi cc cht sau dng dung dch nc: X, Y,
Z, T v Q.
Cht
X
Y
Z
T
Q
Thuc th
khng i khng i khng i Khng i
khng i
Qu tm
mu
Mu
mu
mu
mu
Dung dch AgNO3/NH3, khng c kt
khng
c
khng
c
kt
Ag
Ag
un nh
ta
kt ta
ta
Cu(OH)2
dung dch dung dch
Cu(OH)2
Cu(OH)2
Cu(OH)2, lc nh
khng tan
xanh lam Xanh lam khng tan
khng tan
Kt ta trng khng c khng c
Khng c
khng c
Nc brom
kt ta
kt ta
kt ta
kt ta
Cc cht X, Y, Z, T v Q ln lt l
A. Anilin, glucoz, glixerol, anehit fomic, metanol.
B. Glixerol, glucoz, etylen glicol, metanol, axetanehit.
C. Phenol, glucoz, glixerol, etanol, anehit fomic.
D. Fructoz, glucoz, axetanehit, etanol, anehit fomic.
Cu 40: Tin hnh cc th nghim sau
(a) Cho Cu vo dung dch FeSO4.
(b) Sc kh Cl2 vo dung dch FeCl2.
(c) Dn kh CO d qua bt CuO nung nng.
(d) Cho Na vo dung dch CuSO4 d.
(e) Nhit phn AgNO3.
(g) t FeS2 trong khng kh.
Sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, s th nghim thu c kim loi l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 5.
S mol BaCO3
Cu 41: Sc CO2 vo dung dch Ba(OH)2
ta quan st hin tng theo th hnh bn.
a
Gi tr ca x l :
A. 5,0 (mol)
B. 3,6 (mol)
C. 4,0 (mol)
D. 4,4 (mol)
0,5a
0

3,0

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S mol CO2

Kha hc n thi THPT Quc gia nm 2016 mn Ha hc

Cu 42: un nng m gam hn hp X (R-COO-R1; R-COO-R2) vi 500 ml dung dch NaOH 1,38M thu
c dung dch Y v 15,4 gam hn hp T gm hai ancol n chc l ng ng lin tip. Cho ton b
lng T tc dng vi Na d thu c 5,04 lt kh H2 (ktc). C cn Y thu c cht rn ri ly cht rn ny
em nung vi CaO xc tc n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 7,2 gam mt kh. Gi tr ca m l
A. 20,44.
B. 40,60.
C. 34,51.
D. 31,00.
Cu 43: Cho 8,16 gam hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe3O4 v Fe2O3 phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO3 long
(dung dch Y), thu c 1,344 lt NO (ktc) v dung dch Z. Dung dch Z ha tan ti a 5,04 gam Fe, sinh
ra kh NO. Bit trong cc phn ng, NO l sn phm kh duy nht ca N+5. S mol HNO3 c trong Y l
A. 0,54 mol.
B. 0,78 mol.
C. 0,50 mol.
D. 0,44 mol.
Cu 44: Cho m gam hn hp P gm Mg v Al c t l mol 4:5 vo dung dch HNO 3 20%. Sau khi cc kim
loi tan ht c 6,72 lt hn hp X gm NO, N 2O, N2 bay ra (ktc) v c dung dch A. Thm mt lng
O2 va vo X, sau phn ng c hn hp kh Y. Dn Y t t qua dung dch KOH d, c 4,48 lt hn
hp kh Z i ra (ktc). T khi ca Z i vi H 2 bng 20. Nu cho dung dch NaOH vo dung dch A th
lng kt ta ln nht thu c l (m + 39,1) gam .Bit HNO 3 dng d 20 % so vi lng cn thit.Nng
% ca Al(NO3)3 trong A gn nht vi :
A. 9,5%
B. 9,6%
C. 9,4%
D. 9,7%
Cu 45: Cho 3 cht hu c X, Y, Z (mch thng, ch cha C, H, O) u c khi lng mol l 82 (trong
X v Y l ng phn ca nhau). Bit 1,0 mol X hoc Z tc dng va vi 3,0 mol AgNO3 trong dung
dch NH3; 1,0 mol Y tc dng va vi 4,0 mol AgNO 3 trong dung dch NH3. Kt lun khng ng khi
nhn xt v X, Y, Z l
A. S lin kt trong X, Y v Z ln lt l 4, 4 v 3.
B. Phn trm khi lng ca hiro trong X l 7,32% v trong Z l 2,44%.
C. Phn trm khi lng oxi trong X l 39,02% v trong Z l 19,51%.
D. S nhm chc -CHO trong X, Y v Z ln lt l 1,2 v 1.
Cu 46: t chy hon ton 3,08 gam hp cht hu c X (ch cha C, H, O), ton b sn phm sinh ra hp
th vo bnh ng 500ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,2M thy xut hin 6 gam kt ta, ng thi khi lng
dung dch tng 1,24 gam. Bit phn t khi ca X nh hn phn t khi ca glucoz, X phn ng vi
NaOH theo t l mol nX : nNaOH =1:4 v X c phn ng trng gng. S ng phn ca X l
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Cu 47: Cho 7,65 gam hn hp X gm Al v Al 2O3 (trong Al chim 60% khi lng) tan hon ton
trong dung dch Y gm H2SO4 v NaNO3, thu c dung dch Z ch cha 3 mui trung ha v m gam hn
hp kh T (trong T c 0,015 mol H2). Cho dung dch BaCl2 d vo Z n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon
ton, thu c 93,2 gam kt ta. Cn nu cho Z phn ng vi NaOH th lng NaOH phn ng ti a l
0,935 mol. Gi tr ca m gn gi tr no nht sau y?
A. 2,5.
B. 3,0.
C. 1,5.
D. 1,0.
Cu 48: Cho cht X c CTPT l CH6O3N2 phn ng va vi dung dch NaOH (un nng), thu c dung
dch Y ch gm cc cht v c v 2,24 lit kh Z (ktc) c kh nng lm xanh giy qu tm m. C cn Y, thu c
m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 8,2.
B. 8,3.
C. 8,5.
D. 6,8.
Cu 49: Hn hp X gm hai cht hu c no, mch h (u cha C, H, O), trong phn t mi cht c hai nhm
chc trong s cc nhm -OH, -CHO, -COOH. Cho m gam X phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch
AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 4,05 gam Ag v 1,86 gam mt mui amoni hu c. Cho ton b lng mui
amoni hu c ny vo dung dch NaOH (d, un nng), thu c 0,02 mol NH3. Gi tr ca m l
A. 1,50.
B. 2,98.
C. 1,22.
D. 1,24.
Cu 50: Hn hp T gm hai ancol n chc l X v Y (MX < MY), ng ng k tip ca nhau. un nng 27,2
gam T vi H2SO4 c, thu c hn hp cc cht hu c Z gm: 0,08 mol ba ete (c khi lng 6,76 gam) v
mt lng ancol d. t chy hon ton Z cn va 43,68 lt O2 (ktc). Hiu sut phn ng to ete ca X v Y
ln lt l
A. 20% v 40%.
B. 40% v 30%.
C. 30% v 30%.
D. 50% v 20%.
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