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Axitcacboxylic qua cc nm thi i hc

Nm 2007 Khi A
Cu 1: Hn hp X gm axit HCOOH v axit CH3COOH (t l mol 1:1). Ly 5,3 gam hn hp X tc dng vi 5,75
gam C2H5OH (c xc tc H2SO4 c) thu c m gam hn hp este (hiu sut ca cc phn ng este ho u bng
80%). Gi tr ca m l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16)
A. 10,12.
B. 6,48.
C. 8,10.
D. 16,20
Cu 2: t chy hon ton a mol axit hu c Y c 2a mol CO2. Mt khc, trung ha a mol Y cn va 2a
mol NaOH. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca Y l
A. HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH.
B. C2H5-COOH.
C. CH3-COOH.
D. HOOC-COOH.
Cu 3: Dung dch HCl v dung dch CH3COOH c cng nng mol/l, pH ca hai dung dch tng ng l x v y.
Quan h gia x v y l (gi thit, c 100 phn t CH3COOH th c 1 phn t in li)
A. y = 100x.
B. y = 2x.
C. y = x - 2.
D. y = x + 2.
Cu 4: Khi thc hin phn ng este ho 1 mol CH3COOH v 1 mol C2H5OH, lng este ln nht thu c l 2/3
mol. t hiu sut cc i l 90% (tnh theo axit) khi tin hnh este ho 1 mol CH3COOH cn s mol C2H5OH
l (bit cc phn ng este ho thc hin cng nhit )
A. 0,342.
B. 2,925.
C. 2,412.
D. 0,456.
Nm 2007 Khi B
Cu 5: Cho cc cht: axit propionic (X), axit axetic (Y), ancol (ru) etylic (Z) v imetyl ete (T).
Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si l
A. T, X, Y, Z.
B. T, Z, Y, X.
C. Z, T, Y, X.
D. Y, T, X, Z.
Cu 6: Trong mt bnh kn cha hi cht hu c X (c dng CnH2nO2) mch h v O2 (s mol O2
gp i s mol cn cho phn ng chy) 139,9 C, p sut trong bnh l 0,8 atm. t chy hon ton
X sau a v nhit ban u, p sut trong bnh lc ny l 0,95 atm. X c cng thc phn t l
A. C2H4 O2.
B. C3H6O2.
C. C4H8O2.
D. CH2O2.
Cu 7: Cho glixerol (glixerin) phn ng vi hn hp axit bo gm C17H35COOH v C15H31COOH,
s loi trieste c to ra ti a l
A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 3.
D. 4
Cu 8: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt axit cacboxylic n chc, cn va V lt O2 ( ktc), thu
c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,2 mol H2O. Gi tr ca V l
A. 8,96.
B. 6,72.
C. 4,48.
D. 11,2
o

Nm 2008 Khi A
Cu 9: Dy gm cc cht c xp theo chiu nhit si tng dn t tri sang phi l:
A. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H6, CH3COOH.
B. CH3COOH, C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH.
C. C2H6, C2H5OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH.
D. C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, CH3COOH.
Cu 10: Cho s chuyn ho sau:
C3H4O2 + NaOH X + Y
X + H2SO4 long Z + T
Bit Y v Z u c phn ng trng gng. Hai cht Y, Z tng ng l:
A. CH3CHO, HCOOH.
B. HCOONa, CH3CHO.
C. HCHO, CH3CHO.
D. HCHO, HCOOH.
Cu 11: Trung ho 5,48 gam hn hp gm axit axetic, phenol v axit benzoic, cn dng 600 ml dung
dch NaOH 0,1M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng, thu c hn hp cht rn khan c khi lng l
A. 4,90 gam.
B. 6,84 gam.
C. 8,64 gam.
D. 6,80 gam
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Nm 2008 Khi B
Cu 12: Axit cacboxylic no, mch h X c cng thc thc nghim (C3H4O3)n, vy cng thc phn t
ca X l
A. C6H8O6.
B. C9H12O9.
C. C3H4O3.
D. C12H16O12
Cu 13: Cho 3,6 gam axit cacboxylic no, n chc X tc dng hon ton vi 500 ml dung dch gm
KOH 0,12M v NaOH 0,12M. C cn dung dch thu c 8,28 gam hn hp cht rn khan. Cng
thc phn t ca X l
A. CH3COOH.
B. HCOOH.
C. C3H7COOH.
D. C2H5COOH.
Nm 2009 Khi A
Cu 14: Cho hn hp X gm hai axit cacboxylic no, mch khng phn nhnh. t chy hon ton 0,3 mol hn hp
X, thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2 ( ktc). Nu trung ha 0,3 mol X th cn dng 500 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Hai axit
l:
A. HCOOH, HOOC-COOH.
B. HCOOH, HOOC-CH2-COOH.
C. HCOOH, C2H5COOH.
D. HCOOH, CH3COOH.
Nm 2009 Khi B
Cu 15: Hn hp X gm axit Y n chc v axit Z hai chc (Y, Z c cng s nguyn t cacbon). Chia X thnh hai
phn bng nhau. Cho phn mt tc dng ht vi Na, sinh ra 4,48 lt kh H2 ( ktc). t chy hon ton phn hai,
sinh ra 26,4 gam CO2. Cng thc cu to thu gn v phn trm v khi lng ca Z trong hn hp X ln lt l
A. HOOC-COOH v 42,86%.
B. HOOC-COOH v 60,00%.
C. HOOC-CH2-COOH v 70,87%.
D. HOOC-CH2-COOH v 54,88%.
Cu 16: Khi cho a mol mt hp cht hu c X (cha C, H, O) phn ng hon ton vi Na hoc vi NaHCO3 th
u sinh ra a mol kh. Cht X l
A. ancol o-hiroxibenzylic.
B. axit aipic.
C. axit 3-hiroxipropanoic.
D. etylen glicol.
Cu 17: Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si t tri sang phi l:
A. CH3COOH, HCOOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
B. HCOOH, CH3COOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
C. CH3COOH, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3CHO.
D. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3COOH.
Cu 18: Cho 0,04 mol mt hn hp X gm CH2=CH-COOH, CH3COOH v CH2=CH-CHO phn ng va vi
dung dch cha 6,4 gam brom. Mt khc, trung ho 0,04 mol X cn dng va 40 ml dung dch NaOH 0,75 M.
Khi lng ca CH2=CH-COOH trong X l
A. 0,72 gam.
B. 1,44 gam.
C. 2,88 gam.
D. 0,56 gam.
Nm 2010 Khi A
Cu 19: Hn hp M gm ancol no, n chc X v axit cacboxylic n chc Y, u mch h v c cng s nguyn t C,
tng s mol ca hai cht l 0,5 mol (s mol ca Y ln hn s mol ca X). Nu t chy hon ton M th thu c 33,6 lt
kh CO2 (ktc) v 25,2 gam H2O. Mt khc, nu un nng M vi H 2SO4 c thc hin phn ng este ho (hiu sut l
80%) th s gam este thu c l
A. 18,24.
B. 34,20.
C. 22,80.
D. 27,36.
Cu 20: Hn hp gm 0,1 mol mt axit cacboxylic n chc v 0,1 mol mui ca axit vi kim loi kim c tng
khi lng l 15,8 gam. Tn ca axit trn l
A. axit butanoic.
B. axit propanoic.
C. axit metanoic.
D. axit etanoic.
Cu 21: Cho hn hp X gm ancol metylic v hai axit cacboxylic (no, n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng) tc
dng ht vi Na, gii phng ra 6,72 lt kh H 2 (ktc). Nu un nng hn hp X (c H 2SO4 c lm xc tc) th cc cht
trong hn hp phn ng va vi nhau to thnh 25 gam hn hp este (gi thit phn ng este ho t hiu sut
100%). Hai axit trong hn hp X l
A. C3H7COOH v C4H9COOH.
B. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH.
Chuyn ho hu c n thi i hc 2007 - 2012

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C. HCOOH v CH3COOH.

D. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.

Nm 2010 Khi B
Cu 22: Hn hp Z gm hai axit cacboxylic n chc X v Y (M X> MY) c tng khi lng l 8,2 gam. Cho Z tc dng
va vi dung dch NaOH, thu c dung dch cha 11,5 gam mui. Mt khc, nu cho Z tc dng vi mt lng d
dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Cng thc v phn trm khi lng ca X trong Z l
A. C2H3COOH v 43,90%.
B. C3H5COOH v 54,88%.
C. C2H5COOH v 56,10%.
D. HCOOH v 45,12%.
Cu 23: Dy gm cc cht u tc dng vi H2 (xc tc Ni, to), to ra sn phm c kh nng phn ng vi Na l:
A. C2H3CHO, CH3COO C2H3, C6H5COOH.
B. C2H3CH2OH, CH3CO CH3, C2H3COOH.
C. CH3O C2H5, CH3CHO, C2H3COOH.
D. C2H3CH2OH, C2H3CHO, CH3COOH
Cu 24: Hn hp X gm axit panmitic, axit stearic v axit linoleic. trung ho m gam X cn 40 ml dung dch NaOH
1M. Mt khc, nu t chy hon ton m gam X th thu c 15,232 lt kh CO 2 (ktc) v 11,7 gam H2O. S mol ca
axit linoleic trong m gam hn hp X l
A. 0,010.
B. 0,015.
C. 0,020.
D. 0,005.
Cu 25: Cho s phn ng:
H 2O
Stiren
X CuO
Y Br2 Z Trong X, Y, Z u l cc sn phm chnh.

0
0
H ,t

Cng thc ca X, Y, Z ln lt l:
A. C6H5 CH2 CH2OH, C6H5 CH2CHO, m-Br C6H4 CH2COOH.
B. C6H5CHOH CH3, C6H5CO CH3, m-Br C6H4CO CH3.
C. C6H5 CH2 CH2OH, C6H5 CH2CHO, C6H5 CH2COOH.
D. C6H5CHOH CH3, C6H5CO CH3, C6H5CO CH2Br

Nm 2011 Khi A
Cu 26: Hn hp X gm axit axetic, axit fomic v axit oxalic. Khi cho m gam X tc dng vi NaHCO 3 (d) th thu c
15,68 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Mt khc, t chy hon ton m gam X cn 8,96 lt kh O 2 (ktc), thu c 35,2 gam CO 2 v y
mol H2O. Gi tr ca y l
A. 0,8.
B. 0,3.
C. 0,2.
D. 0,6.
Cu 27: t chy hon ton x mol axit cacboxylic E, thu c y mol CO2 v z mol H2O (vi
z = y x ). Cho x mol E tc dng vi NaHCO3 (d) thu c y mol CO2. Tn ca E l
A. axit oxalic.
B. axit fomic.
C. axit aipic.
D. axit acrylic.
Cu 28: Trung ho 3,88 gam hn hp X gm hai axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h bng dung dch NaOH, c cn
ton b dung dch sau phn ng thu c 5,2 gam mui khan. Nu t chy hon ton 3,88 gam X th th tch oxi (ktc)
cn dng l
A. 1,12 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 2,24 lt.
Cu 29: t chy hon ton x gam hn hp gm hai axit cacboxylic hai chc, mch h v u c mt lin kt i C=C
trong phn t, thu c V lt kh CO2 (ktc) v y mol H2O. Biu thc lin h gia cc gi tr x, y v V l

28
28
28
28
( x 30 y ) .
( x 62 y )
( x 30 y ) .
B. V =
C. V =
D. V = ( x 62 y ) .
55
95
55
95
Cu 30: Cho axit salixylic (axit o-hiroxibenzoic) phn ng vi anhirit axetic, thu c axit axetylsalixylic (oCH3COO- C6H4-COOH) dng lm thuc cm (aspirin). phn ng hon ton vi 43,2 gam axit axetylsalixylic
cn va V lt dung dch KOH 1M. Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,72.
B. 0,48.
C. 0,96.
D. 0,24.
Cu 31: Ho hi 15,52 gam hn hp gm mt axit no n chc X v mt axit no a chc Y (s mol X ln hn s mol
Y), thu c mt th tch hi bng th tch ca 5,6 gam N 2 (o trong cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Nu t chy ton
b hn hp hai axit trn th thu c 10,752 lt CO 2 (ktc). Cng thc cu to ca X, Y ln lt l
A. CH3 -COOH v HOOC- CH2 -COOH .
B. H-COOH v HOOC-COOH.
C. CH3-COOH v HOOC- CH2 CH2-COOH.
D. CH3CH2-COOH v HOOC-COOH
A. V =

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Nm 2011 Khi B
Cu 32: Cho s phn ng:
+HCN
(1)CH3CHO
(2)C2 H5Br

+ Mg
ete

X1

H+ , to

X2
+ HCl

+ CO2

Y1

Y2

Y3

Bit Y3 c cng thc phn t C6H10O2. Tn gi ca X l

A. anehit acrylic.
B. anehit axetic.
C. anehit metacrylic.
D. anehit propionic
Cu 33: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Anehit va c tnh oxi ho va c tnh kh.
(b) Phenol tham gia phn ng th brom kh hn benzen.
(c) Anehit tc dng vi H2 (d) c xc tc Ni un nng, thu c ancol bc mt.
(d) Dung dch axit axetic tc dng c vi Cu(OH) 2.
(e) Dung dch phenol trong nc lm qu tm ho .
(g) Trong cng nghip, axeton c sn xut t cumen.
S pht biu ng l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 2.
Cu 34: Cho s phn ng:
(1)CH3CHO
X1 H , t
X2
+

+ Mg

+ CO2

+ HCl

ete
(2)C2 H5Br
Y1
Y2
Y3
Cc cht hu c X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Y3 l cc sn phm chnh. Hai cht X2, Y3 ln lt l
A. axit 2-hiroxipropanoic v axit propanoic.
B. axit axetic v axit propanoic.
C. axit axetic v ancol propylic.
D. axit 3-hiroxipropanoic v ancol propylic.
Cu 35: Hn hp X gm hai axit cacboxylic no, mch h Y v Z (phn t khi ca Y nh hn ca Z). t chy hon
ton a mol X, sau phn ng thu c a mol H 2O. Mt khc, nu cho a mol X tc dng vi lng d dung dch NaHCO 3,
th thu c 1,6a mol CO2. Thnh phn % theo khi lng ca Y trong X l
A. 46,67%.
B. 74,59%.
C. 25,41%.
D. 40,00%.

Nm 2012 Khi A
Cu 36: t chy hon ton 7,6 gam hn hp gm mt axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h v mt ancol n
chc (c s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t khc nhau) thu c 0,3 mol CO 2 v 0,4 mol H2O. Thc hin phn ng
este ha 7,6 gam hn hp trn vi hiu sut 80% thu c m gam este. Gi tr ca m l
A. 4,08.
B. 6,12.
C. 8,16.
D. 2,04.
Cu 37: Hn hp X gm axit fomic, axit acrylic, axit oxalic v axit axetic. Cho m gam X phn ng ht vi dung
dch NaHCO3 thu c 1,344 lt CO2 (ktc). t chy hon ton m gam X cn 2,016 lt O 2 (ktc), thu c 4,84
gam CO2 v a gam H2O. Gi tr ca a l
A. 1,62.
B. 1,80.
C. 3,60.
D. 1,44.
Cu 38: Ha hi 8,64 gam hn hp gm mt axit no, n chc, mch h X v mt axit no, a chc Y (c mch
cacbon h, khng phn nhnh) thu c mt th tch hi bng th tch ca 2,8 gam N 2 (o trong cng iu kin
nhit , p sut). t chy hon ton 8,64 gam hn hp hai axit trn thu c 11,44 gam CO 2. Phn trm khi
lng ca X trong hn hp ban u l
A. 72,22%.
B. 65,15%.
C. 27,78%.
D. 35,25%.
Nm 2012 Khi B
Cu 39: Cho phng trnh ha hc: 2X + 2NaOH

Chuyn ho hu c n thi i hc 2007 - 2012

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X l :
A. CH2(COONa)2.
B. CH2(COOK)2.
C. CH3COONa.
D. CH3COOK
Cu 40: Hn hp X gm hai axit cacboxylic n chc. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X cn 0,24 mol O2, thu c
CO2 v 0,2 mol H2O. Cng thc hai axit l
A. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.
B. CH2=CHCOOH v CH2=C(CH3)COOH.
C. HCOOH v C2H5COOH.
D. CH3COOH v CH2=CHCOOH.
Cu 41: un nng m gam hn hp X gm cc cht c cng mt loi nhm chc vi 600 ml dung dch NaOH
1,15M, thu c dung dch Y cha mui ca mt axit cacboxylic n chc v 15,4 gam hi Z gm cc ancol. Cho
ton b Z tc dng vi Na d, thu c 5,04 lt kh H2 (ktc). C cn dung dch Y, nung nng cht rn thu c
vi CaO cho n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c
7,2 gam mt cht kh. Gi tr ca m l
A. 34,51.
B. 22,60.
C. 34,30.
D. 40,60.
Cu 42: Cho axit cacboxylic X phn ng vi cht Y thu c mt mui c cng thc phn t
C3H9O2N (sn phm duy nht). S cp cht X v Y tha mn iu kin trn l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 1.
D. 4
Cu 43: Cho phenol (C6H5OH) ln lt tc dng vi (CH3CO)2O v cc dung dch: NaOH, HCl, Br2, HNO3,
CH3COOH. S trng hp xy ra phn ng l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 4.

Chuyn ho hu c n thi i hc 2007 - 2012