Basics of Tekla Structures 2016-Tieng Viet

Kin thc cn bn v
Tekla Structures 2016
Tekla Structures 2016 by Kienking@Gmail.com
NI DUNG
1. Khi ng Tekla Structures ........................................................................................................ 1
1.1. Th no l mt Blank project ............................................................................................... 2
1.2. Kim tra hoc thay i thit lp v Tekla Structures ca bn .............................................. 3
2. M v to cc m hnh 3D .......................................................................................................... 4
2.1. M mt m hnh ................................................................................................................... 4
2.2. To ra mt m hnh mi ....................................................................................................... 5
2.3. To ra mt hnh nh thu nh ca mt m hnh .................................................................... 5
2.4. Son tho cc thuc tnh ca d n ...................................................................................... 6
2.5. Lu mt m hnh .................................................................................................................. 8
2.6. Lu m hnh hin ti ............................................................................................................ 8
2.7. Lu thnh mt bn sao vi ci tn khc hoc t v tr khc ............................................ 8
2.8. Lu thnh mt mu m hnh ................................................................................................ 8
2.9. Xc nh cc thit lp t ng lu ....................................................................................... 8
2.10. To ra cc mu m hnh ..................................................................................................... 9
2.11. To ra mt mu m hnh mi ............................................................................................. 9
2.12. Chnh sa mt mu m hnh hin c................................................................................ 10
2.13. Ti cc tp tin mu m hnh ............................................................................................. 10
2.14. Cc ty chn ca mu m hnh ........................................................................................ 10
3. Lm quen vi giao din ngi dng ......................................................................................... 12
3.1. Lm th no s dng cc lnh ....................................................................................... 13
3.2. Phng to thu nh v xoay m hnh ..................................................................................... 13
* Phng to v thu nh ........................................................................................................... 13
* Xoay m hnh ...................................................................................................................... 14
* Di chuyn m hnh.............................................................................................................. 14
3.3. Tm kim cc lnh v cc hp thoi ................................................................................... 15
3.4. S dng bng iu khin bn nh th no ......................................................................... 15
3.5. Nhn cc hng dn ........................................................................................................... 17
3.6. Tm hiu cc nt bm thng dng ...................................................................................... 17
3.7. Thay i din mo ca di ribbon ...................................................................................... 18
3.8. Thay i ngn ng ............................................................................................................. 19
3.9. Ty chnh cc phm tt ....................................................................................................... 20
3.10. Cc phm tt mc nh ...................................................................................................... 20
4. Thit lp khng gian lm vic ................................................................................................... 25
4.1. Thay i n v v phn thp phn .................................................................................... 25
4.2. To ra cc li v cc ng trc li ............................................................................... 25
* To ra mt li................................................................................................................... 26
* Chnh sa mt li ............................................................................................................. 27
* Xa mt li ....................................................................................................................... 27
* Thay i mu sc ca li ................................................................................................. 27
Basics of Tekla Structures

* Thm mt ng trc li n........................................................................................... 27
* Chnh sa mt ng trc li n ................................................................................... 28
* Xa mt ng trc li n ............................................................................................. 29
4.3. To ra cc khung nhn m hnh .......................................................................................... 30
* Di chuyn mt phng khung nhn ....................................................................................... 31
* To ra cc khung nhn ........................................................................................................ 31
* M mt khung nhn............................................................................................................. 38
* Lu mt khung nhn............................................................................................................ 38
* Chnh sa mt khung nhn ................................................................................................. 38
* Xa mt khung nhn............................................................................................................ 38
* Chuyn i gia cc khung nhn ........................................................................................ 39
* Cp nht v lm mi cc khung nhn ................................................................................. 39
* Thay i mu nn ca khung nhn ..................................................................................... 40
4.4. Xc nh vng lm vic ...................................................................................................... 41
* iu chnh vng lm vic va vi ton b m hnh ........................................................... 41
* iu chnh vng lm vic va vi cc b phn c chn................................................ 41
* iu chnh vng lm vic bng cch s dng hai im ..................................................... 42
* n hnh hp vng lm vic ................................................................................................. 42
4.5. H ta ............................................................................................................................ 42
* Hin hoc n li ca mt phng lm vic........................................................................ 43
* Di chuyn mt phng lm vic ........................................................................................... 43
* Khi phc mt phng lm vic mc nh ........................................................................... 45
* Thay i mu sc ca li ca mt phng lm vic .......................................................... 45
5. To v chnh sa cc i tng ................................................................................................. 46
5.1. Thanh cng c ng cnh .................................................................................................... 46
* Lm th no s dng thanh cng c ng cnh .............................................................. 46
* Hin hoc n thanh cng c ng cnh ............................................................................... 47
* Xc nh v tr ca thanh cng c ng cnh ...................................................................... 47
* Ghim c nh v tr thanh cng c ng cnh ...................................................................... 47
* Gim thiu ha thanh cng c ng cnh ........................................................................... 47
* Ty chnh thanh cng c ng cnh .................................................................................... 48
* To ra cc h s ngi dng cho cc thanh cng c ng cnh......................................... 48
5.2. Thanh cng c Selection .................................................................................................... 48
5.3. Cng c Direct Modification.............................................................................................. 52
* Lm th no s dng Direct modification ..................................................................... 52
* Cc im x l iu chnh trc tip ................................................................................... 52
* Cc ng kch thc iu chnh trc tip ........................................................................ 53
5.4. Lu v np cc thuc tnh ca hp thoi ............................................................................ 54
6. Truy bt ti mt im hoc mt ng thng ........................................................................... 55
6.1. Cc cng c truy bt v cc biu tng ............................................................................. 55

6.2. Min, su v th t u tin truy bt .............................................................................. 57
6.3. Truy bt ti mt im bng cch s dng cc ta ......................................................... 57
6.4. Ging hng cc i tng bng cch s dng li truy bt............................................... 59
6.5. ln cc cng c truy bt hin ang kch hot ................................................................ 60
6.6. V d: t mt i tng v theo mt khong cch c th................................................ 60
6.7. V d: Ln theo ng thng hng ti im truy bt....................................................... 62
7. Truy bt ti mt ng thng ................................................................................................... 64
8. Truy bt ti cc ng thng ko di ........................................................................................ 65
9. Truy bt ti cc im thng gc ................................................................................................ 66
10. Truy bt c lin quan ti cc im chn trc .............................................................. 67
11. To ra mt im tham chiu tm ............................................................................................. 68
12. Kha to x, y hoc z ........................................................................................................... 69
13. Chn cc i tng ................................................................................................................. 70
13.1. Chn cc cm lp ghp v cc khi c .......................................................................... 70
13.2. Chn cc i tng c lng bn trong ......................................................................... 70
13.3. Chn cc m hnh tham chiu, cc i tng v cm lp ghp ca m hnh tham chiu 71
13.4. Chn ton b mt m hnh tham chiu ............................................................................ 71
13.5. Chn i tng thuc mt m hnh tham chiu ............................................................... 71
13.6. Chn cm lp ghp thuc mt m hnh tham chiu ......................................................... 71
13.7. Nu bn khng th chn c cc i tng ................................................................... 71
14. Chn i tng n................................................................................................................. 72
15. Chn nhiu i tng .............................................................................................................. 73
16. Chn tt c cc i tng ........................................................................................................ 74
17. Chn cc im x l................................................................................................................ 75
18. iu chnh s chn la ............................................................................................................ 76
19. Sao chp v di chuyn cc i tng ...................................................................................... 77
19.1. Sao chp cc i tng .................................................................................................... 77
* Sao chp cc i tng bng cng c Linear array tool ................................................... 77
* Sao chp cc i tng bng cng c Radial array tool ................................................... 79
* Sao chp cc i tng bng thnh phn Array of objects (29) ........................................ 82
* Sao chp bng cch chn hai im .................................................................................... 83
* Sao chp tuyn tnh ............................................................................................................ 84
* Sao chp bng cch xc nh mt khong cch t im gc ............................................. 84
* Sao chp bng cch s dng thao tc ko v th ............................................................... 85
* Sao chp cc i tng ti i tng khc ........................................................................ 85
* Sao chp tt c cc ni dung ti i tng khc ............................................................... 85
* Sao chp ti mt phng khc ............................................................................................. 86
* Sao chp t m hnh khc .................................................................................................. 86
19.2. Di chuyn cc i tng .................................................................................................. 86
* Di chuyn bng cch chn hai im .................................................................................. 86

* Di chuyn tuyn tnh ........................................................................................................... 87
* Di chuyn bng cch cc nh mt khong cch t im gc ........................................... 87
* Di chuyn bng cch s dng thao tc ko v th ............................................................. 88
* Di chuyn ti mt phng khc ............................................................................................ 88
* Di chuyn cc i tng ti i tng khc ...................................................................... 89
19.3. Xoay cc i tng .......................................................................................................... 89
* Xoay quanh mt ng thng ............................................................................................ 89
* Xoay quanh trc z ............................................................................................................... 90
* Xoay cc i tng trong ch bn v ............................................................................ 91
19.4. i xng cc i tng .................................................................................................... 92
* i xng cc i tng trong ch m hnh ................................................................... 92
* i xng cc i tng trong ch bn v ..................................................................... 92
20. Lc cc i tng .................................................................................................................... 93
20.1. S dng cc b lc hin c............................................................................................... 93
* Lm th no s dng mt b lc khung nhn................................................................. 93
* Lm th no s dng mt b lc la chn .................................................................... 93
20.2. To ra cc b lc mi ....................................................................................................... 93
* To ra mt b lc khung nhn ............................................................................................ 93
* To ra mt b lc la chn ................................................................................................ 94
* To ra mt b lc bn v .................................................................................................... 95
* To ra mt b lc khung nhn bn v ................................................................................. 95
* Cc gi tr c th trong vic lc ......................................................................................... 96
20.3. Cc v d v b lc ........................................................................................................... 97
* Lc cc dm v ct ............................................................................................................. 97
* Lc cc b phn trong cc giai on c th ...................................................................... 97
* Lc b cc b phn m c mt tit din ngang c th ....................................................... 98
* Lc cc cm lp ghp v cc khi c ............................................................................... 98
* Lc cc cm lp ghp con .................................................................................................. 98
* Lc b cc m hnh tham chiu .......................................................................................... 99
* Lc b cc thuc tnh ca i tng thuc m hnh tham chiu ....................................... 99
20.4. Sao chp mt b lc ti m hnh khc ........................................................................... 100
20.5. Xa mt b lc ............................................................................................................... 100
21. Chp nh mn hnh ............................................................................................................... 101
21.1. Chp nh mn hnh ca mt m hnh ............................................................................ 101
21.2. Chp nh mn hnh ca mt bn v ............................................................................... 101
21.3. Lu mt bc nh chp mn hnh nh dng bitmap ................................................... 102
22. Cc mo cho cc cng vic c bn........................................................................................ 103
22.1. Bt hoc tt ch Rollover highlight ........................................................................... 103
22.2. Chn cc gi tr t m hnh ............................................................................................ 103
22.3. Dng s chn la i tng ........................................................................................... 104

22.4. La chn i tng bng phm chut phi .................................................................... 104
22.5. Sao chp v di chuyn hiu qu hn .............................................................................. 104
22.6. Thay i mt thuc tnh cho nhiu b phn cng mt lc ............................................. 105
22.7. Lm th no khi phc cc thanh cng c b tht lc ................................................ 105
22.8. n hoc hin cc cnh bo c ty chn Do not show this message again ................. 105
22.9. Cc k t i din........................................................................................................... 105
1. Khi ng Tekla Structures

Khi bn khi ng Tekla Structures, bn c yu cu chn la thit lp v Tekla
Structures cho bn. Thit lp ny bao gm Environment, Role v Configuration.
- Environment: Mi trng ngha l cc thit lp v thng tin c th v khu vc thit k.
N xc nh nhng tit din mt ct ngang, mc hoc cp ca vt liu, cc gi tr mc nh, cc
lin kt, cc bin, cc bo co v cc mu m bn c sn.
- Role: Vai tr l m t s lc v mt nhm ngi dng m gii hn s sn c ca cc tp
tin v cc thit lp trong mt mi trng. Giao din ngi dng cng c ty bin khc nhau cho
tng vai tr.
- Configuration: Cu hnh bao gm mt tp hp cc tnh nng m ngi dng c hng
da trn cc tha thun cp php. Mi cu hnh l dnh cho cho mt nhm ngi dng c th,
ph hp vi nhng nhu cu khc nhau trong ngnh cng nghip xy dng.
1. Khi ng Tekla Structures bng cch chn n t trnh n Window Start hoc kch
p ln biu tng ca n trong mn hnh Desktop.
Hp thoi Tekla Structures-Choose Setup xut hin.
2. Chn mt mi trng thit k.

Nu bn khng tm thy mi trng thit k mong mun t danh sch lit k, hy tm hiu
cch thc lm sao thm mt mi trng thit k ti Tekla Structures.
Bn cng c th chn Blank project to ra mt m hnh m cha ni dung chung chung,
chng hn nh cc mt ct tit din ngang c tham s iu chnh (parametric profile).
3. Chn mt vai tr.
S sn c ca cc vai tr ph thuc vo mi trng thit k m bn chn, nhng thng
thng cc vai tr sau y l c sn.
- All
L mt s kt hp ca tt c cc vai tr.
- Concrete Constractor
Nh thu b tng.
- Construction Management
Qun l xy dng.

- Engineer/Engineering
K s.
- Cast In Place/Precast Concrete
Thit k chi tit v b tng ti ch hoc c sn.
- Rebar Detailer/Detailing
Thit k chi tit v thp ct b tng.
- Steel Detailer
Thit k chi tit v kt cu thp.
4. Chn mt cu hnh.
Cu hnh m bn ang s dng c th khng cha ng tt c cc tnh nng c miu t
trong cc hng dn v sn phm Tekla Structures. bit thm thng tin v cc tnh nng c
sn trong mi cu hnh, xem phn Tekla Structures configurations ( bn c th ti v phn ny trn
trang ch ca Tekla Structures).
5. Bm nt OK.
Trang Welcome xut hin.
6. Chn iu m bn mun lm:

- Trn tab Recent, bn c th m mt m hnh c s dng gn y.
- Trn tab Open, bn c th m bt k m hnh hin c no.
- Trn tab New, bn c th to ra mt m hnh mi.
1.1. Th no l mt Blank project
Blank project l mt mi trng thit k m ch bao gm ni dung chung chung, chng hn
nh l cc mt ct tit din ngang c cc tham s iu chnh v cc vt liu khng c xc
nh. N c th c s dng tp hp cc thit lp c th, cc cng c v cc thng tin v vng
min, v cng ty hoc d n. Blank project lun lun gm c khi ci t Tekla Structures.
Ti v ct t ni dung
Bn c th s dng Tekla Warehouse ti v ci t ni dung cho Blank project. V d,
bn c th ti cc tit din mt ct ngang, cc mc hoc cp vt liu, cc i tng bu lng, ct
thp, cc thnh phn, cc ng dng v cc mu t Tekla Warehouse c trong tt c cc mi trng
thit k ca Tekla Structures v cc b su tp c th ca cc nh sn xut, v kt hp chng cho
ph hp vi yu cu ca bn.
Bn c th ti v ci t ni dung t Tekla Warehouse c trc v trong khi thc hin d
n. Trc khi bt u mt d n, bn c th ci dt ni dung ti th mc d n ca bn hoc th
mc ca cng ty bn. Trong khi ang thc hin d n, bn c th ci t ni dung ti th mc ca
m hnh.
1.2. Kim tra hoc thay i thit lp v Tekla Structures ca bn

Bn c th kim tra thit lp hin ti v Tekla Structures ca bn ( Environment, Role v
Configuration).
1. Ti bt c lc no m khng cn ng li m hnh.
2. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings v cun xung di ti khu vc c nhn License.
Bn c th phi khi ng li Tekla Structures sau khi thay i.
2. M v to cc m hnh 3D
Vi Tekla Strucutes, bn c th to ra mt m hnh thc t 3D ca bt k cu trc kt cu
no. M hnh cha ng tt c cc thng tin cn thit ch to v xy dng cu trc kt cu:
Hnh dng hnh hc v cc kch thc ca b phn, cc tit din mt ct ngang, cc vt liu, cc
loi lin kt
Kt qu u ra ca m hnh
M hnh 3D cng l ngun thng tin duy nht cho cc bn v v cc kt qu u ra khc,
chng hn nh cc bo co v cc tp tin d liu NC ( iu khin s ha NC-Numerial Control
dng cc my ct c kt ni my tnh-CNC). iu ny m bo rng nhng thng tin trong cc
bn v v cc bo co lun c cp nht khi chng phn ng vi cc thay i trong m hnh.
S hp tc
Bn c th s dng ch nhiu ngi dng (Multi-User) hoc Tekla Model Sharing
hp tc lm vic trong mt m hnh.
2.1. M mt m hnh
Nu bn m mt m hnh khc trong khi c mt m hnh ang c m ra, c th Tekla
Struuctures nhc bn lu li m hnh c m ra trc .
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Open --> All models.
2. Chn m hnh m bn mun m.
- tm kim cc m hnh trong th mc khc, bm nt Browse.
- m mt th mc m hnh c s dng gn y, kch vo danh sch lit k trong hp
chn di nhn Open model from folder.
- xp xp th t cc m hnh theo tn, ngy thng hoc loi, kch vo cc tiu ct.

- Khi cc m hnh ang c xp xp theo th t ABC bi tn ca chng, bn c th s
dng bn phm chn mt m hnh. V d, khi bn g N, Tekla Structures chn m hnh u
tin bt u vi ch N.
3. Bm nt Open.
Nu khng c khung nhn no c nhn thy trong m hnh, Tekla Structures nhc bn
chn mt.
2.2. To ra mt m hnh mi
Khi to ra tng m hnh ring bit cho tng d n Tekla Structures th mi mt m hnh
c lu tr trong mt th mc ca ring n bn trong th mc TeklaStructuresModels.
1. Trn trnh n File, kch New.
2. Trong hp nhp c nhn Name, nhp mt ci tn cho m hnh mi.
Khng s dng cc k t c bit (/ \ ; : |). Chng ti khuyn bn nn c gng quyt nh
chn mt ci tn lu di vo thi im ny. Tn ca m hnh c th c thay i sau ny, nhng
n lin quan n s thay i tn ca mt s tp tin.
3. Xc nh ni lu m hnh mi.
Theo mc nh, m hnh c lu trong th mc TeklaStructuresModels c to ra
trong qu trnh ci t Tekla Structures. Bn c th thay i th mc mc nh bng cch bm
vo nt Browse. Bn cng c th chn mt th mc c s dng gn y t danh sch lit k
trong hp chn di nhn Save in.
4. Nu bn mun s dng mt mu m hnh, hy chn mt trong s cc mu c sn di
nhn Template.
5. Bn di nhn Type, xc nh nn chy Tekla Structures trong ch mt ngi dng
(Single-user) hoc nhiu ngii dng (Multi-user).
- Single-user: M hnh s c s dng bi mt ngi ti mt thi im.
- Multi-user: M hnh s c lu tr trn mt my ch v c th c s dng ni nhiu
ngi cng mt lc. Nhp tn ca my ch trong hp nhp di nhn Server.
6. Bm vo nt Create.
Tekla Structures to ra m hnh v m khung nhn ch m hnh ha (Model view)
mc nh. Cc ni dung ca khung nhn m hnh ha c th khc nhau ty thuc vo mu m hnh
bn chn bc 4.
2.3. To ra mt hnh nh thu nh ca mt m hnh
Bn c th thm mt hnh nh thu nh lm cho d dng nhn ra d n ca bn ngay
c khi bn khng nh chnh xc tn ca m hnh. Hnh nh thu nh c hin th khi bn xem
lt qua cc m hnh hin c.
1. Trn tab View, kch
Screenshot --> project thumbnail.
2. Chn mt khung nhn.

Tekla Structures to ra hnh nh v lu n trong th mc m hnh vi tn l
thumbnail.png.
3. kim tra hnh nh thu nh, ti trnh n File, kch Open v chn m hnh m bn
to ra hnh nh thu nh cho n.
Hnh nh gi y c hin th bn cnh tn ca m hnh. V d.
4. Nu bn khng hi lng vi hnh nh thu nh , bn c th lp li cc bc 1-2 cho n

khi c c hnh nh mong mun.
V d, bn c th phng to hoc thu nh m hnh trong khung nhn iu chnh nhng g
c th hin trong hnh nh thu nh ny. Khi bn to ra mt hnh nh thu nh mi, Tekla
Structures ghi ln hnh nh thu nh hin c bng hnh nh mi.
Mo: Ngoi ra, nu bn mun s dng mt hnh nh ty chnh, bn c th thm hnh nh
trc tip ti th mc ca m hnh vi ci tn l thumbnail.png. Kch thc a
chung ca hnh nh thu nh l 120x74 pixel.
2.4. Son tho cc thuc tnh ca d n
Bn s cn cc thng tin v d n, chng hn nh s hiu v tn ca d n, rt nhiu ln
khi ang thc hin mt d n. Cp nht cc thuc tnh ca d n ti thi im ban u ca mi d
n to cc bo co v cc bn v t ng hin th cc thng tin chnh xc. Tt c cc trng d
liu u l khng bt buc.
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Project properties.
2. Bm vo nt Edit.
3. Trong hp nhp Description, nhp mt on miu t gip bn nhn ra m hnh khi ln
ti bn cn m n.
on miu t ny xut hin trong hp thoi Open khi bn m mt m hnh.
4. Son tho cc thuc tnh khc ca d n.
5. xc nh cc c tnh c th do ngi dng nh ngha cho d n, bm vo nt Userdefined attributes.
Theo mc nh, bn c th xc nh:
+ Project comment.
+ User fields.
+ Execution class.
+ IFC export attributes.
+ GEO coordinates.
+ Status attributes.
+ Unitechnic factory location.
S sn c ca cc c tnh do ngi dng nh ngha ph thuc vo mi trng thit k
ca bn.

6. Bm vo nt Apply lu li cc thay i ca bn.
By gi bn s c cp nht cc c tnh ca d n trong cc bn v v cc bo co.
7. Nu bn mun lu li nhng thuc tnh ny l cc thuc tnh mc nh cho d n ny:
- Kch chut vo hp nhp Quick Launch gc trn cng pha bn phi ca mn hnh.
- Bt u g save defaults.
- Chn lnh Save Defaults t danh sch lit k xut hin ngay bn di.
Hin th cc thng tin ca d n trong cc mu v cc bo co
Cc trng d liu trong hnh nh di y c lin quan ti cc c tnh mu m bn c
th s dng khi thit k cc bo co v cc mu ca ring bn. hin th trong cc bo v mu
ca bn cc thng tin m bn nhp trong hp thoi ny, thm vo trong cc bo co v mu cc
c tnh mu tng ng c lit k trong bng pha bn di hnh nh ny.
NUMBER#2
NAME
BUILDER
OBJECT
ADDRESS
DESIGNER
DATE_START
DATE_END
INFO1, INFO2

2.5. Lu mt m hnh
Bn nn lu m hnh ca bn thng xuyn trnh mt nhng cng vic m bn thc
hin c. Tekla Structures cng t ng lu cng vic ca bn mt cch u n.
2.6. Lu m hnh hin ti
Thc hin mt trong cc hnh ng sau y:
- Trn gc trn cng pha bn tri ca mn hnh, kch Save
- Trn trnh n File, kch Save as --> Save.

- Nhn t hp phm Ctrl + S.
2.7. Lu thnh mt bn sao vi ci tn khc hoc t v tr khc
Bn c th to ra mt bn sao ca m hnh vi mt ci tn khc hoc t trong mt th
mc khc. Phin bn gc ca m hnh vn nguyn nh c.
Lu : Khi bn lu m hnh vi mt ci tn khc, tt c cc i tng c nh danh
thng nht (GUID- Globally unique identifier) ca m hnh c lu s thay i v tr nn
khc so vi trong m hnh gc ca n. iu ny c ngha l m hnh c lu khng c
lin quan ti m hnh gc, v n khng th s dng nh l mt bn sao lu-back up.
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Save as --> Save as.
2. Trong hp nhp c nhn Model name, nhp mt ci tn mi.
3. lu ti mt v tr khc, bm nt Browse v xc nh ni m bn mun lu m hnh.
4. Bm nt OK.
Tekla Structures to ra mt bn sao mi vi mt ci tn khc, nhng phin bn gc ca
m hnh vn nguyn nh c.
2.8. Lu thnh mt mu m hnh
Xem phn 2.10. To ra cc mu m hnh.
2.9. Xc nh cc thit lp t ng lu
S dng Autosave t ng sao lu v lu cc cng vic m bn thc hin mt cch
u n. Bn c th thit lp khong thi gian t ng lu ring r cho s m hnh ha v cc bn
v. Cc tp tin t ng lu c phn m rng l *.db1_<user>.
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings --> Options v kch chn mc General.
2. Bn di nhn Autosave, thit lp khong thi gian t ng lu.
a. Trong hp nhp u tin, xc nh bao nhiu lu th Tekla Structures lu s thc hin
m hnh ha hoc s thc hin v.
S lng ny i din cho s lnh m bn s phi chy trc khi Tekla Structures lu s
thc hin m hnh ha hoc s thc hin v. V d, nu bn to ra rt nhiu dm m khng dng
s dng lnh Create beam, Tekla Structures ch tnh l mt lnh.
b. Trong hp nhp th hai, nhp s lng bn v to ra m sau Tekla Structures lu
cng vic ca bn.
Lu : Nu bn thit lp cc gi tr ca khong thi gian t ng lu nh hn 2, t ng
lu b v hiu ha.

3. Bm nt OK.
4. Xc nh ni lu tr cc tp tin t ng lu.
Theo mc nh, Tekla Structures lu tr cc tp tin t ng lu trong th mc ...
\TeklaStructuresModels\autosave. thay i th mc, s dng ty chn nng cao
XS_AUTOSAVE_DIRECTORY.
5. Xc nh xem c nn gi li cc tp tin t ng lu c.
Theo mc nh, Tekla Structures xa cc tp tin t ng lu khi bn ng m hnh tit
kim dung lng lu tr ca a cng my tnh. gi cc tp tin lu t ng ngay c khi bn
thot khi Tekla Structures m khng lu m hnh, s dng ty chn nng cao
XS_KEEP_AUTOSAVE_FILES_ON_EXIT_WHEN_NOT_SAVING.
2.10. To ra cc mu m hnh
Cc mu m hnh cho php bn bt u mt m hnh vi cc mu v thit lp c xc
nh trc ca cng ty. iu ny c th c bit hu ch cho cc nh thu ph.
Cc mu m hnh ch c th to ra cc m hnh ch single-user. Nu bn mun to ra
mt m hnh ch multi-user bng cch s dng mt m hnh mu, to m hnh trong ch
single-user v sau chuyn qua ch multi-user.
Theo mc nh, th mc cha mu m hnh c lu trong th mc Environment ca bn.
S dng ty chn nng cao XS_MODEL_TEMPLATE_DIRECTORY xc nh mt v tr khc.
2.11. To ra mt mu m hnh mi
Bn c th to ra cc mu m hnh ca ring bn v s dng chng cho vic to ra cc m
hnh mi. Bn c th chn nhng danh mc no, cc thnh phn ty chnh, nhng th mc con
no ca m hnh, cc mu bn v, v cc mu bo co t m hnh c bao gm trong mu m
hnh.
1. To ra mt m hnh mi.
Lun lun bt u bng cch to ra mt m hnh mi trng khng. iu ny l do cc m
hnh c c s dng trong cc d n hin ti c th khng c lm sch hon ton. Chng
c th cha cc thng tin d tha m lm tng kch thc ca m hnh ngay c khi bn xa b
ton b cc i tng v cc bn v khi m hnh.
2. Thm cc thuc tnh mong mun v b phn, cc thuc tnh v bn v, tit din mt ct
ngang, vt liu, cc thnh phn ty chnh trong m hnh.
Bn c th sao chp cc tp tin c tnh cn thit t cc m hnh khc.
3. Trn trnh n File, kch Save as --> Save as model template.
4. Nhp mt ci tn cho m hnh mu.
5. Chn nhng danh mc no (Catalogs), cc mu bn v (drawing templates), mu bo
co (report templates) v nhng th mc con no ca m hnh (model subfolders) bao gm
trong mu m hnh.
bit thm thng tin, xem phn 2.14. Cc ty chn ca mu m hnh.
Bn ch c th chn cc tp tin v cc th mc c sn trong th mc m hnh. Cc danh
mc thng nm trong th mc Environment v chng c bao gm trong th mc m hnh ch
khi chng c chnh sa.
6. Nu bn mun m th mc cha m hnh mu sau khi to ra m hnh mu , tch chn
vo hp kim c nhn Open the destination after creating the model template.
7. Bm nt OK.

By gi bn c th s dng mu m hnh ny to ra cc m hnh mi.
2.12. Chnh sa mt mu m hnh hin c
chnh sa mt mu m hnh hin c, lu mu m hnh l mt mu mi.
Ngoi ra, bn c th chnh sa mu m hnh bng cch sao chp cc tp tin mi hoc trc
tip cp nht cc tp tin trong th mc cha mu m hnh.
1. To ta mt mu m hnh bng cch s dng mt mu m hnh hin c.
2. Thc hin cc thay i cn thit.
3. Lu n l mt mu m hnh mi.
2.13. Ti cc tp tin mu m hnh
Bn c th ti, chia s v lu tr cc tp tin mu m hnh bng cch s dng Tekla
Warehouse.
2.14. Cc ty chn ca mu m hnh
S dng hp thoi Save as Model Template xc nh nhng tp tin hoc th mc no
c bao gm trong mu m hnh.
Ty chn
Cc tp tin m th mc lin quan
Profiles
profdb.bin
profitab.inp
Materials
matdb.bin
Components and sketches
ComponentCatalog.txt
ComponentCatalogTreeView.txt
Xslib.db1
thumbnail_bitmap.arc
*.dat files
CustomComponentDialogFiles folder
Attribute definitions
Bao gm tt c cc xc nh v c tnh ca m hnh

hin ti.
Bolts and bolt assemblies
screwdb.db
assdb.db
Reinforcement
rebar_database.inp
RebarShapeRules.xml
rebardatabase_config.inp
rebardatabase_schedule_config.inp
Meshes
mesh_database.inp
Options
Bao gm tt c cc ty chn ca m hnh hin ti.
Drawing templates
*.tpl files
10

Report templates
*.rpt files
Include model subfolders
Lit k tt c cc th mc con c tm thy trong th

mc ca m hnh. Cc th mc c chn c bao gm
trong mu m hnh.
Th mc attributes, cha ng cc thuc tnh ca
b phn v bn v c bao gm theo mc nh.
11
3. Lm quen vi giao din ngi dng

Khi bn m mt m hnh Tekla Structures, mt ca s mi xut hin. Theo mc nh,
giao din ngi dng s trng ging nh th ny:
1. y l m hnh Tekla Structues ca bn. Nu bn ang bt u mt d n hon ton

mi, bn s ch nhn thy khung nhn ch m hnh mc nh v mt ci li trng khng vo
thi im ny.
2. Ci hp xung quanh li i din cho vng lm vic- work area. Trong mt khung nhn,
bn ch c th nhn thy cc b phn c trong khu vc ny. Cc i tng nm ngoi khu vc lm
vic tn ti trong m hnh nhng chng khng c nhn thy. Bn c th co li hoc m rng
khu vc lm vic ph hp vi nhu cu ca bn. Bn cng c th n hp i din vng lm vic.
3. Biu tng ta vi ba trc x, y v z i din cho h ta a phng. N cng ch
ra hng ca m hnh.
4. Biu tng hnh lp phng mu xanh i din h ta ton cc v n nm ti gc ca
h ta ton cc.
5. Di Ribbon ny cha tt c cc lnh v cc chc nng khc m bn s s dng khi xy
dng m hnh ca bn. Bn c th n mt s tab nu bn khng cn n chng trong d n hin
ti ca bn.
6. Nu bn khng tm thy cc lnh m bn ang tm kim, tm kim chng trong hp nhp
Quick Launch.
7. Khi bn to ra cc i tng, thanh trng thi s ni cho bn cch thc tin hnh v khi
no th chn im.
8. Trnh n File l ni bn qun l cc m hnh ca bn. Bn c th lu cc m hnh, in
cc bn v, v nhp khu hoc xut khu m hnh v nhng th khc na.
9. Thanh cng c la chn (Selecting) kim sot nhng i tng m bn c th chn.
10. Thanh cng c truy bt im (Snapping) kim sot nhng v tr m bn c th chn
khi to ra cc i tng.
11. S dng bng iu khin bn nm trn cnh phi ca mn hnh thm cc m hnh
tham chiu v cc thnh phn.
12

3.1. Lm th no s dng cc lnh
Tm hiu cch thc c bn ca vic chy v dng cc lnh. Tt c cc lnh trong Tekla
Structures hot ng theo cng mt cch thc.
1. tm cc lnh, trt di ribbon sang tri hoc pha bi chut ca bn (di chuyn con
tr chut ln trn di v cun phm gia chut).
Mt s lnh c thm cc ty chn na bn di chng. Kch vo biu tng tam gic
nh mu en xem cc ty chn cn li.
2. Nu bn khng chc chn rng y c phi l lnh bn cn cho cng vic hin ti ca
bn, con tr chut dng li mt lc trn lnh .
Mt ca s nh gi l Tooltip (ch dn v cng c) xut hin. Cc Tooltip ny cung cp
thm cc thng tin v cc lnh v cng a ra cc v d, gi v cc mo. V d:
Khi mt Tooltip c m, bn c th nhn t hp phm Ctrl+F1 c gip thm v

ch ny.
3. Khi bn tm thy lnh m bn mun, kch vo lnh s dng n.
Lnh chy cho n khi bn kt thc n hoc s dng lnh khc.
Lu : Nu bn mun kim tra hoc thay i cc thuc tnh ca i tng trc khi chy
lnh, nhn v gi phm Shift khi bn kch lnh. Vic ny s lm xut hin hp thoi cc
thuc tnh. Nu bn chnh sa cc thuc tnh, nh lu li cc thay i.
4. kt thc mt lnh, kch chut phi v chn Interrupt.
Bn cng c th nhn phm Esc.
5. kch hot li lnh cui cng c thc hin, nhn phm Enter.
3.2. Phng to thu nh v xoay m hnh
Cc lnh nm trn tab View cho php bn tp trung vo mt khu vc nht nh, hoc ko
ra c mt ci nhn rng hn. Bn c th s dng chut, lnh, phm tt hoc kt hp chng li.
* Phng to v thu nh
Bn c th s dng mt lot cc cng c khc nhau phng to v thu nh m hnh. Theo
mc nh, v tr con tr chut quyt nh im trung tm ca s phng to thu nh.
Mc ch
Thc hin
Zoom in-Phng to
Cun phm gia chut ( bnh xe) v pha trc.
Zoom out-Thu nh
Cun phm gia chut ( bnh xe) v pha sau.
13

Zoom to selected-Phong to 1. Chn cc i tng.
thu nh i tng c
chn.
Phng to thu nh vi cc Trn tab View, kch
lnh trn di ribbon.
v phng to thu nh.
Zoom--> Zoom selected.
Zoom v chn mt trong cc lnh
Gi im trung tm ca s Trn trnh n File, kch Settings v tch chn vo hp

phng to thu nh lun kim cnh nhn Centered zooms.
chnh gia khung nhn.
Xc nh t l phng to thu S dng cc ty chn nng cao sau:
nh.
XS_ZOOM_STEP_RATIO
XS_ZOOM_STEP_RATIO_IN_MOUSEWHEEL_MODE
XS_ZOOM_STEP_RATIO_IN_SCROLL_MODE
* Xoay m hnh
Bn c th s dng phm gia hoc tri chut xoay m hnh trong mt khung nhn.
Mc ch
Xoay bng cch s dng
phm gia chut.
Thc hin
1. thit lp im nhn, nhn phm V v sau chn mt
v tr trong khung nhn.
Tekla Structures xoay m hnh quanh im nhn ny.
2. Nhn v gi phm Ctrl, v sau kch v ko m hnh
vi phm gia chut.
Xoay bng cch s dng

phm tri chut.
Navigate --> Rotate with mouse.
2. Chn mt v tr trong khung nhn.

Tekla Structures xoay m hnh quanh im nhn ny.
3. Kch v ko m hnh vi phm tri chut.
* Di chuyn m hnh
Bn c th s dng phm gia hoc tri chut di chuyn m hnh trong mt khung nhn.
Mc ch
Thc hin
Di chuyn m hnh bng

cch s dng phm gia
chut
1. kch hot Middle button pan, trn trnh n File,

kch Settings v tch chn vo hp kim trc nhn Middle
button pan.
2. Nhn v gi phm gia chut, sau ko m hnh ti
bt c u trong khung nhn.
14

Di chuyn m hnh bng
cch s dng phm tri
chut
Navigate --> Pan.
Biu tng ca con tr chut thay i sang hnh ci bn

tay.
2. Nhn v gi phm tri chut, sau ko m hnh ti bt
c u trong khung nhn.
3. dng lnh ny, nhn phm Esc.
3.3. Tm kim cc lnh v cc hp thoi

S dng hp nhp Quick Launch gc trn cng bn phi ca ca s chnh ca Tekla
Structures tm kim cc lnh, cc hp thoi v cc chc nng khc. Phm tt cho Quick Launch
l Ctrl + Q.
1. Trong hp nhp Quick Launch, nhp mt cm t tm kim. V d, g bolt nu bn ang

tm kim cc lnh cho bu lng.
2. Ch danh sch lit k cc kt qu tm kim xut hin. V d.
Tekla Structures lm ni bt cc lnh trn di ribbon, gip bn xc nh v tr chng.

V d:
3. chy mt lnh, kch vo tn ca n trong danh sch lit k cc kt qu tm kim.

Hoc nhn phm Enter ngay lp tc chy lnh u tin trong danh sch lit k.
Mo: Nu danh sch lit k cc kt qu tm kim khng cn nhn thy na, nhn t hp
phm Ctrl+Space kch hot li n.
3.4. S dng bng iu khin bn nh th no
S dng bng iu khin cnh bn cnh phi ca mn hnh thm cc m hnh tham
chiu v cc thnh phn.
15

Mc ch
Thc hin
Hin th cc ca s Kch vo mt nt thuc bng iu khin bn.

thuc bng iu khin
bn.
V d, kch
hin th ca s danh mc Applications &
components.
Di chuyn mt ca s Kch vo thanh vn
thuc bng iu khin bn ti mt v tr mi.
bn.
v ko ca s thuc bng iu khin
Gi nhiu ca s thuc 1. Kch chut phi ln mt nt thuc bng iu khin bn v

bng iu khin bn chn Open below.
cng m.
2. Lp li cho tng nt thuc bng iu khin bn.

By gi cc ca s ca bng iu khin bn c xp chng ln
nhau.
3. thay i th t ca cc ca s ny, ko chng vng quanh
nhau.
iu chnh kch thc Kch vo ko nt
ca mt ca s thuc
bng iu khin bn
Neo u mt ca s Kch chut phi vo nt thuc bng iu khin bn v chn

ang tri ni thuc Attach to panel.
bng iu khin bn.
Ngoi ra, bn c th ko ko ca s thuc bng iu khin bn

quay li khu vc neo u c nh du bng mu vng.
16

n tm thi ca s Kch vo nt
thuc bng iu khin
bn.
Hin th ca s thuc Kch vo nt

bng iu khin bn
ln na.
ng ca s thuc Kch vo nt
bng iu khin bn
3.5. Nhn cc hng dn

Thanh trng thi l khu vc nm di cng ca ca s chnh ca Tekla Structures. Thc
hin theo cc hng dn trn thanh trng thi khi bn s dng cc lnh.
V d, khi bn ang to ra mt b phn, thanh trng thi s ni cho bn bit cch tin hnh
v khi no th chn cc im.
1. Cc hng dn v cc thng bo li.

2. Tnh trng ca chc nng Smart select (S) v Drag and drop (D).
3. Cp bc trong cm lp ghp hoc trong h thng phn cp ca thnh phn (0-9).
4. Ch ca phm gia chut (Pan hoc Scroll).
5. Giai on hin ti.
6. S lng cc i tng v im s l c chn.
Lch s thng bo ca thanh trng thi
xem lch s thng bo ca thanh trng thi, ti hp nhp Quick Launch, g Message
Panel, v chn lnh Message Panel t danh sch lit k xut hin. Mt bng thng bo xut hin
di dng ca ca s Tekla Structures.
3.6. Tm hiu cc nt bm thng dng

Bng sau y lit k mt s nt bm thng dng m c th nhn thy trong hu ht cc hp
thoi ca Tekla Structures.
17

Nt bm
Miu t
Lu cc thit lp v thuc tnh v ng hp thoi. Tekla Structures s dng cc
thit lp thuc tnh ny cho cc ln tip theo khi bn to ra mt i tng thuc
loi ny.
Lu cc thit lp v thuc tnh m khng ng hp thoi. Tekla Structures s
dng cc thit lp thuc tnh ny cho cc ln tip theo khi bn to ra mt i tng
thuc loi ny.
Chnh sa cc i tng c chn theo cc thit lp hin c v thuc tnh trong
hp thoi.
in vo cc hp nhp ca hp thoi bi cc thuc tnh ca i tng c chn.
Nu c nhiu i tng ang c chn, Tekla Structures ngu nhin ly cc
thuc tnh ca mt trong s cc i tng .
Tch chn hoc khng tch chn tt c cc hp kim c trong hp thoi.
ng hp thoi m khng lu cc thit lp v thuc tnh hoc cc i tng c
sa i.
Lu cc thit lp v thuc tnh trong tp tin c hin th trong danh sch lit k.
Np cc thit lp v thuc tnh c lu trc ti hp thoi. Tekla Structures
cng np cc thit lp ca cc hp thoi ph ngay c khi chng khng c m
ra. Chn tn ca tp tin thuc tnh m bn mun s dng.
bit thm thng tin, xem phn Lu v np cc thuc tnh ca hp thoi.
Lu cc thit lp v thuc tnh vi mt ci tn c nhp trong hp nhp bn cnh.
Nt bm Save as cng cp nht danh sch lit k trong hp chn Load. iu ny
rt quan trng nu bn mun thm hoc xa cc tp tin bng th cng.
Tekla Structures lu tr cc tp tin thuc tnh trong th mc ca m hnh, cng
bao gm cc thuc tnh ca cc hp thoi ph.
bit thm thng tin, xem phn Lu v np cc thuc tnh ca hp thoi.
3.7. Thay i din mo ca di ribbon

Bn c th thay i th t cc tab trn di ribbon, chn cch thc m chng c ging
hng, v thm ch cn n mt s phn ca di ribbon nu bn khng cn n chng trong d n
hin ti ca bn. V d, nu bn ang ch m hnh ha cc b phn kt cu thp, bn c th tm
thi n tab Concrete. Bn cng c th thu nh di ribbon tit kim khng gian trn mn hnh
ca bn.
1. thay i th t ca cc tab trn di ribbon, ko v th cc tiu tab.
2. thay i cch thc m cc tab c ging hng, kch chut phi ln trn thanh trn
cng ca di ribbon ( thanh cha cc tiu tab), chn Navifation mode, v sau chn mt trong
cc ty chn:
- Scroll visible: S di chuyn ca di robbon l ti thiu khi bn chuyn i gia cc tab.
- Align to left: Cc biu tng (icon) ca tab c chn bt u t cnh tri ca di ribbon.
- Align to tab: Cc biu tng ca tab c chn bt u t v tr ca tiu tab .
18

3. n cc tab m bn khng cn n trong d n hin ti ca bn.
a. con tr chut dng li trn tiu ca mt tab.
Mt biu tng nh hnh con mt xut hin bn cnh tiu ca tab .
b. Kch vo biu tng hnh con mt
Biu tng hnh con mt ny thay i v tiu ca tab tr nn xm li.
By gi tab View b n trn di ribbon. Nu bn trt di ribbon, cc tab b n xut hin

nh sau:
c. hin th tr li tab b n, kch vo biu tng con mt mt ln na.

4. thu nh di ribbon, kch chut phi ln trn thanh trn cng ca di, v sau chn
Minimize. By gi di ribbon t ng b n i tit kim khng gian trn mn hnh. Khi bn kch
vo tiu tab, di ribbon xut hin tr li.
3.8. Thay i ngn ng
Bn c th thay i ngn ng ca giao din ngi dng ca Tekla Structures bt c lc
no.
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings --> Change language.
2. Chn mt ngn ng t danh sch lit k.
Bn c cc ty chn sau y. Cc m v ngn ng gm ba ch ci c t trong du
ngoc n c s dng trong mt s tn ca tp tin v th mc ph thuc vo ngn ng.
Chinese simplified (chs)
- Trung Quc (Gin th).
Chinese traditional (cht)
- Trung Quc (Phn th).
Czech (csy)
- Sc.
Dutch (nld)
- H Lan.
English (enu)
- Anh.
French (fra)
- Php.
German (deu)
- c.
Hungarian (hun)
- Hungari
Italian (ita)
- Italia
Japanese (jpn)
- Nht bn.
Korean (kor)
- Hn Quc.
Polish (plk)
- Ba Lan
Portuguese (ptg)
- B o Nha.
Portuguese Brazilian (ptb)
- B o Nha Brazin
19

Russian (rus)
- Nga.
Spanish (esp)
- Ty Ban Nha.
3. bm nt OK.
4. Khi ng li Tekla Structures cc thay i c hiu lc.
3.9. Ty chnh cc phm tt
Bn c th gn cc phm tt ty chnh cho bt k lnh, macro hoc thnh phn no. Bn
cng c th thay i cc phm tt mc nh nu cn thit.
Lu : Nu bn ang gn cc phm cho cc lnh v v, u tin m mt bn v kch
hot ch bn v (Drawing mode).
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings --> Keyboard shortcuts.
Hp thoi Keyboard shortcuts m ra.
2. Trong danh sch lit k ca hp chn Group, chn mt nhm phm tt m bn mun
thay i.
Mt danh sch lit k cc lnh v phm tt xut hin.
3. Nu bn mun tm kim mt lnh hoc phm tt c th, nhp mt s k t trong hp
nhp Filter.
V d, g grid ch thy nhng lnh m tn c cha t grid. G + nhn mt
danh sch lit k cc phm tt m bao gm hai phn ( chng hn nh Ctrl+S).
4. Chn mt lnh t danh sch lit k.
5. Bm vo nt cnh nhn Shortcut (nu lnh cha c phm tt th nt ny c nhn l Enter
shortcut).
6. Trn bn phm, nhn t hp phm hoc phm m bn mun s dng lm phm tt cho
lnh .
7. Kim tra trong hp chn Conflics xem phm tt hoc t hp phm tt c gn
cho mt lnh khc cha.
Nu phm tt c s dng, g mt phm hoc t hp phm khc.
Lu : Nu bn gn li mt phm tt ang c s dng, n s khng cn lin quan ti
lnh m lc u n c gn n.
8. bm nt Assign lu phm tt.
9. g b mt phm tt, chn lnh t danh sch lit k v bm nt Clear.
10. khi phc li tt c cc phm tt v mc nh, bm nt Restore.
3.10. Cc phm tt mc nh
Tekla Structures cha ng mt s lng ln cc phm tt m bn c th s dng tng
tc lm vic ca bn. Bn c th to ra cc phm tt ty chnh v thay i cc phm tt mc
nh.
Cc phm tt v cc lnh thng dng
Lnh
Phm tt
Help-Tr gip.
F1
New-To ra m hnh mi
Ctrl+N
20

Open-M m hnh
Ctrl+O
Save-Lu m hnh
Ctrl+S
Delete-Xa
Del
M hp thoi thuc tnh
Alt+Enter
Undo-Hon tc
Ctrl+Z
Redo-Khi phc hon tc
Ctrl+Y
Interrupt-Dng lnh
Esc
Repeat last command-Chy lnh

cui cng c thc hin
Enter
Quick Launch
Ctrl+Q
Cc phm tt v cc ty chn trnh din m hnh

Lnh
Phm tt
Parts wireframe
Ctrl+1
Parts rendered wireframe
Ctrl+2
Parts grayscale
Ctrl+3
Parts rendered
Ctrl+4
Show only selected part
Ctrl+5
Components wireframe
Shift+1
Components rendered wireframe Shift+2

Components grayscale
Shift+3
Components rendered
Shift+4
Show only selected component
Shift+5
Cc phm tt v la chn cc i tng

Lnh
Phm tt
Rollover highlight
Select all-Bt/tt tt c cc cng

c la chn.
F2
Bt cng c Select parts
F3
Thm vo s la chn
Shift
Thay i s la chn
Ctrl
Chn tt c cc i tng
Ctrl+A
Chn cm lp ghp
Alt+i tng
n i tng
Shift+H
Kha ta X, Y hoc Z
X, Y hock Z
Selection filter
Ctrl+G
Cc phm tt v truy bt im
21

Lnh
Phm tt
Snap to reference lines/points
F4
Snap to geometry lines/points
F5
Snap to nearest points
F6
Snap to any position
F7
Ortho
Relative coordinate input
Absolute coordinate input
Global coordinate input
Truy bt v tr tip theo
Tab
Truy bt v tr trc
Shift+Tab
Cc phm tt v sao chp v di chuyn cc i tng

Lnh
Phm tt
Copy
Ctrl+C
Move
Ctrl+M
Smart Select
Drag and drop
Cc phm tt v quan st m hnh

Lnh
Phm tt
Zoom original
Home
Zoom previous
End
Zoom in
Page Up
Zoom out
Page Down
Xoay bng cch s dng chut
Ctrl+R
Xoay bng cch s dng phm
Ctrl+Phm mi tn
Shift+ Phm mi tn
Disable view rotation
F8
Set view rotation point
Auto rotate
Shift+R
Shift+T
Pan
Middle button pan
Shift+M
Move right
Move left
Move down
Move up
Cc phm mi tn
22

3D/Plane view
Ctrl+P
Fly
Shift+F
Create clip plane
Shift+X
Center by cursor
Ins
Cc phm tt v kim tra m hnh

Lnh
Phm tt
Inquire object
Shift+I
Free distance
Create report
Ctrl+B
Views List
Ctrl+I
Drawing List
Ctrl+L
Print drawings
Shift+P
M danh mc Application & Ctrl+F

Components
AutoConnections
Ctrl+J
Advanced options
Ctrl+E
Phase manager
Ctrl+H
Cc phm tt v bn v
Lnh
Phm tt
M Drawing list khi mt bn v Ctrl+O

c m
M Drawing list trong ch m Ctrl+L
hnh ha
M bn v pha trc
Ctrl+Page Up
M bn v tip theo
Ctrl+Page Down
M bt k bn v no sau khi to Ctrl+Shift

ra bn v
Associativity symbol
Shift+A
Set next drawing color mode
Ghost outline
Shift+G
Add an orthogonal dimension
Add free dimension
In
Drawing
list:
userdefined attributes
Open Alt+U
In Drawing list: Add to Master Ctrl+M

Drawing Catalog
In Drawing list: Revision
Ctrl+R
23

In Master Drawing Catalog:
Select all
Ctrl+A
In Master Drawing Catalog: Alt+A

Create drawings for all parts
In Master Drawing Catalog: Alt+C
Create drawings
Set UCS origin
Set UCS by two points
Shift+U
Toggle orientation
Ctrl+T
Reset current
Ctrl+1
Reset all
Ctrl+0
24
4. Thit lp khng gian lm vic

Trc khi bt u m hnh ha, kim tra xem khng gian lm vic ca Tekla Structures
ca bn c thit lp ng cha.
1. Xc nh n v v phn thp phn bn s s dng.
2. Sa i li ph hp vi nhu cu ca bn. To ra mt li m un nu cn.
3. To ra mt s khung nhn kim tra m hnh t cc gc v cc cao khc nhau.
4. Thay i kch thc ca vng lm vic ph hp vi d n ca bn.
5. Lm quen vi h thng ta . Nu bn ang m hnh ha cu trc kt cu nghing, di
chuyn mt phng lm vic mt cch ph hp.
4.1. Thay i n v v phn thp phn
Bn c th xc nh loi n v v phn thp phn m Tekla Structures s dng. Cc thit
lp dnh ring cho s m hnh ha. Lu rng, cc thit lp ny khng c bt k nh hng
no ti cc bn v hoc cc bo co, hoc trong cc cng t Inquire v Measure.
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings --> Options, v chn mc Units and decimals.
2. Chnh sa cc n v v phn thp phn ca chng ph hp vi nhu cu ca bn.
S nm bn phi mi ty chn ch ra s lng s ng sau du thp phn. S lng s ng
sau du thp phn nh hng n chnh xc ca d liu u vo v d liu lu tr. Lun lun
s dng cng mt s lng s ng sau du thp phn.
- Cc thit lp trn tab Modeling nh hng ti cc d liu c s dng khi bn ang
thc hin m hnh ha, v d sao chp, di chuyn, to ra cc li, to ra cc im.
- Cc thit lp trn tab Catalogs nh hng ti cc d liu c lu tr trong danh mc
tit din mt ct ngang-Profile Catalog v danh mc vt liu- Material Catalog.
- Cc thit lp trn tab Analysis results nh hng ti d liu u ra.
3. Bm nt OK lu li cc thay i.
4.2. To ra cc li v cc ng trc li
Mt li i din cho mt t hp ba chiu ca cc mt phng ngang v ng. Li c
hin th trong mt phng khung nhn bi cc ng nt t v c chm. S dng li nh l mt
s tr gip trong vic xc nh v tr cc i tng trong mt m hnh. Bn c th lm cho cc li
v cc ng trc li hot ng mt cch rng buc cc i trn cc ng trc li i theo
nu bn di chuyn ng trc li.
Thut ng v li
25

1. Grid origin: Gc ca li l im m cc im 0 ca tng ng trc ta giao nhau.
2. Grid line extensions: ng ko di ca ng trc li xc nh khong cch m cc
ng trc li m rng v cc hng.
3. Grid labels: Nhn ca li l tn ca cc ng trc li c hin th trong cc khung
nhn.
Li m un
Bn c th c nhiu hn mt li trong mt m hnh. Chng ti khuyn rng bn nn to
ra mt li m un bn c th d dng t cc i tng trong m hnh ca bn. Bn to ra mt
li c quy m ln cho ton b cu trc kt cu v cc li nh hn cho mt s phn chi tit.
Cc ng trc li n
Bn c th to ra cc ng trc li n v nh chng ti mt li hin c. Cc ng
trc li n c cc im x l. Nu chc nng la chn Select grid line c kch hot v bn
chn mt ng trc li, cc im x l xut hin trong mu tm. Nu bn di chuyn cc im
x l to ra mt li lch, bn ch c th lm iu trong mt phng XY a phng ca li.
* To ra mt li
Khi bn to ra mt m hnh mi, Tekla Structures t ng to ra mt li v mt khung
nhn theo cc thuc tnh tiu chun c lu. y, chng ti s th hin lm th no to ra
mt li bng th cng.
1. Trn tab Edit, kch:
2. Chn mt im chi ra gc ca li.

Cc ta ca im c chn xut hin trong hp thoi Grid trong cc hp nhp c
nhn X0, Y0 v Z0. Nu bn khng chn mt im, Tekla Structures xc nh v tr ca gc theo
cc gi tr hin c.
3. Nhp ta x v y trong khu vc di nhn Coordinates.
Bn c th hoc l xc nh cc ta mt cch ring l cho tng ci mt hoc bn c th
xc nh ta ca mt s ng trc li vi khong cch u nhau. C hai s nhp d liu v
ta sau y u to ra ba ng trc li vi khong cch gia chng l 4000.
26

0 4000 4000
0 2*4000
4. Nhp cc ta z.
5. Nhp cc nhn ca li.
6. Sa i cc thuc tnh khc ca li nu cn thit.
7. Nu bn mun cc i tng di chuyn theo khi bn di chuyn ng trc li, tch
chn vo hp kim bn cnh nhn Magnetic grid plane.
8. Bm nt Create.
Lu : Khi lm vic vi cc li rt ln, lun lun hin th cc nhn ca li c th lm
chm Tekla Structures. n cc nhn li khi bn Zoom in, s dng ty chn nng cao.
* Chnh sa mt li
Kch p vo mt li sa i n.
1. Chc chn rng cng c Select grid
c kch hot.
2. Kch p vo mt ng trc li.

3. Chnh sa cc thuc tnh ca li.
4. Nu bn c cc ng trc li c nh km thm ti li v bn mun bo tn chng,
b du tch khi cc hp chn di cnh nhn Coordinate. Nu khng Tekla Structures xa tt
c cc ng trc li n c nh km ti li.
5. Bm nt Modify lu li cc thay i.
* Xa mt li
Khi bn xa ton b mt li, m bo rng bn khng c bt k i tng no khc c
chn. Nu khng, Tekla Structures ch xa cc i tng m khng xa li.
1. Chc chn rng ch mi cng c Select grid
c kch hot.
2. Chn li.
3. Kch chut phi v chn Delete t menu ng cnh.
4. Xc nhn rng bn mun xa li .
* Thay i mu sc ca li
Bn c th thay i mu sc ca li bng cch s dng ty chn nng cao
XS_GRID_COLOR.
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings --> Advanced options, v chn mc Model View.
2. Chnh sa ty chn nng cao XS_GRID_COLOR.
Xc nh mu sc bng cch s dng cc gi tr RGB trong khong t 0 ti 1. V d, thay
i mu sc ca li sang mu , thit lp gi tr l 1.0 0.0 0.0.
3. Bm nt OK.
4. ng v m li khung nhn thay i c hiu lc.
* Thm mt ng trc li n
Bn c th thm cc ng trc li n hoc l gia cc ng trc li hin c hoc l
gia hai im c chn t do m bn xc nh trong m hnh.
27

Thm mt ng trc li gia cc ng trc li hin c
Bn c th thm cc ng trc li mi gia cc ng trc li hin c
1. Chc chn rng cng c Direct modication
c kch hot.
c kch hot.
3. Chn mt li hin c nh ng trc li n ti.

4. Kch biu tng + gia hai ng trc li hin c hoc bn ngoi li.
Tekla Structures to ra ng trc li v cp cho n mt nhn bng cch s dng cc
nhn ca cc ng trc li lin k. V d, mt ng trc li mi gia cc ng trc li 1
v 2 nhn nhn l 12*.
Thm mt ng trc li gia hai im
Bn c th thm cc ng trc li mi gia hai im c chn.
1. Trn tab Grid, kch Grid v chn Add grid line.
2. Chn mt li hin c nh ng trc li ti.

3. Chn im bt u ca ng trc li thm.
4. Chn im cui ca ng trc li .
* Chnh sa mt ng trc li n
Bn c th di chuyn, co li hoc lm cho cc ng trc li n. Bn cng c th thay
i nhn ca cc ng trc li.
Thay i cc thuc tnh ca ng trc li
Bn c th chnh sa cc thuc tnh ca mt ng trc li n.
1. Chc rng cng c Select grid line
c kch hot.
2. Kch p vo mt ng trc li.

3. Chnh sa cc thuc tnh ca ng trc li .
4. Bm nt Modify lu li cc thay i.
Di chuyn mt ng trc li
S dng chc nng Direct modification di chuyn cc ng trc li n.
c kch hot.
c kch hot.
3. Chn li.
4. Chn ng trc li m bn mun di chuyn.
5. Ko ng trc li ti mt v tr mi.
Bn cng c th s dng bn phm nhp mt to v v tr.
bt u, nhn phm du tr - . nhp mt ta tuyt i, u tin nhn phm $, sau
g gi tr. Nhn phm Enter xc nhn.
28

Ko dn, co li hoc lm cho mt ng trc li
S dng chc nng Direct modification ko gin, co li hoc lm cho cc ng trc
li n.
c kch hot.
c kch hot.
3. Chn li.
4. Chn ng trc li m bn mun di chuyn.
5. Ko mt im x l
ca ng trc li ti mt v tr mi.
Thay i nhn ca mt ng trc li

S dng thanh cng c ng cnh thay i nhn ca mt ng trc li n.
2. Chc chn rng cng c Select grid line
c kch hot.
c kch hot.
3. Chn mt ng trc li.

4. Trn thanh cng c ng cnh, nhp mt nhn mi.
Tt ch Grid line stretching

Nu bn di chuyn bt k ng trc li no m nm pha ngoi cng ca li bng
cch ko ng trc li , theo mc nh th Tekla Structures s ko gin hoc co cc ng
trc li vung gc v ct ngang n mt cch ph hp.
c kch hot.
c kch hot.
3. Chn ng trc li.

4. Trong thanh cng c ng cnh, bm vo nt Turn grid line stretching off
* Xa mt ng trc li n
Bn c th xa cc ng trc li n bng hai cch khc nhau. Cch n gin nht l s
dng cng c Direct modification.
Xa mt ng trc li bng cch s dng cng c Direct modification
S dng cng c Direct modification nhanh chng xa cc ng trc li n.
c kch hot.
2. Chn ng trc li m bn mun xa.

3. Nhn phm Delete.
Xa mt ng trc li bng cch khc
y l mt cch khc xa cc ng trc li n.
29

1. Chc rng cng c Select grid line
c kch hot.
2. Chn cc ng trc li m bn mun xa.

3. Chc chn rng bn khng c bt k i tng no khc c chn.
Nu bn cng c cc i tng khc c chn, Tekla Structures ch xa cc i tng
m khng xa ng trc li.
4. Kch chut phi v chn Delete t menu ng cnh.
5. Xc nhn rng bn mun xa cc ng trc li ny.
4.3. To ra cc khung nhn m hnh
Mt khung nhn l mt s trnh din ca mt m hnh t mt v tr c th. Mi khung nhn
c th hin trong ca s ca ring n trong Tekla Structures. La chn mt b phn trong mt
khung nhn lm ni bt b phn trong tt c cc khung nhn ang c m ra.
Mt phng khung nhn
Mi khung nhn u c mt mt phng khung nhn m trn cc li c nhn thy v
cc im c trnh by l cc du thp mu vng. Cc im c t bn ngoi mt phng khung
nhn c mu . Bn c th di chuyn mt phng khung nhn ging nh cc i tng khc.
Cc khung nhn c bn
Cc khung nhn c bn l nhng khung nhn m song song vi cc mt phng c s ton
cc ( xy, xz v zy). Trong cc khung nhn c bn, hai trc lun lun xc nh mt phng khung
nhn v cc trc xut hin trong tn ca mt phng khung nhn. Trc th ba vung gc vi mt
phng khung nhn. N khng xut hin trong tn ca mt phng khung nhn. Trong khung nhn
phng c bn, m hnh c th hin t hng ca trc th ba.
Khi bn to ra cc khung nhn c bn, bn cn phi xc nh khong cch ca mt phng
khung nhn ( ta ca mt phng khung nhn) t gc ta ton cc theo hng ca trc th ba.
Cc v d v cc khung nhn c bn:
Mt
phng
Khung nhn 3D
Khung nhn phng
XY
XZ
30

ZY
Cc khung nhn khc

i vi cc loi khung nhn khc, bn xc nh mt phng khung nhn v ta bng cch
hoc l chn cc im, hoc cc im c chn t ng, ty thuc vo phng php to.
* Di chuyn mt phng khung nhn
Bn c th di chuyn mt phng khung nhn ging nh cc i tng khc. Khi bn di
chuyn n, Tekla Structures ch s dng vc t vung gc vi mt phng khung nhn.
1. Kch khung nhn.
2. Kch chut phi v chn Move --> Linear.
3. Chn im bt u ca vc t dich chuyn tnh tin, hoc nhp ta ca n.
4. Chn im kt thc ca vc t dich chuyn tnh tin, hoc nhp ta ca n.
5. Bm nt Move di chuyn mt phng khung nhn.
* To ra cc khung nhn
Bn c th to ra cc khung nhn ca cc b phn, cc thnh phn v ton b m hnh.
To ra mt khung nhn c bn ca m hnh
Bn c th to ra mt khung nhn c bn dc theo cc trc ta . S dng khung nhn ny
cho s quan st tng th ca m hnh.
New view --> Basic view.
2. Chn mt mt phng khung nhn t danh sch lit k ca hp chn cnh nhn Plane.
3. Trong hp nhp cnh nhn Coordinate, nhp ta ca khung nhn theo trc th ba.
Gi tr ny xc nh khong cch t gc ca h ta ton cc ti mt phng khung nhn.
4. Bm nt Create.
To ra mt khung nhn bng cch s dng hai im
Bn c th to ra mt khung nhn bng cch s dng hai im bn chn: gc v mt im
trong hng nm ngang.
New view --> Using two points.
2. Chn mt im ch ra gc ca mt phng khung nhn.

3. Chn im th hai ch ra hng ca trc x.
Trc y l vung gc vi mt phng khung nhn m trn bn chn im u tin.
31

To ra mt khung nhn bng cch s dng ba im
Bn c th to ra mt khung nhn bng s dng ba im bn chn: gc v mt im trong
hng nm ngang, v mt im trong hng thng ng.
New view --> Using three points.
2. Chn mt im ch ra gc ca mt phng khung nhn.

3. Chn im th hai ch ra hng ca trc x.
4. Chn im th ba ch ra hng ca trc y.
To ra mt khung nhn ca mt phng lm vic
Bn c th to ra mt khung nhn ca mt phng lm vic bng cch s dng cc thuc
tnh ca khung nhn hin ti.
Trn tab View, kch
New view --> On work plane.
To ra cc khung nhn ca li
Bn c th to ra cc khung nhn dc theo cc ng trc li m bn chn.
Trc khi bt u, to ra mt khung nhn m cha ng mt li, v kim tra cc thuc
tnh ca li . Nu cc thuc tnh ca li khng ng v mt s mt no , Tekla Structures
c th ct b cc khung nhn nhng cao sai hoc chng c th c t tn khng chnh xc.
Nu bn thay i cc nhn ca li hoc cao hoc li sau ny th cc khung nhn s khng
t ng i tn.
1. Chn li.
New view --> Along grid lines.
3. Chnh sa cc thuc tnh ca cc khung nhn ca li nu cn thit.

a. Trong danh sch lit k ca cc hp chn di nhn Number of view, chn s lng cc
khung nhn m bn mun to ra.
b. Trong cc hp nhp di nhn View name prefix, nhp mt tin t cho tn ca cc khung
nhn.
c. Trong danh sch lit k ca cc hp chn di nhn View properties, xc nh cc thuc
tnh no ca khung nhn ( c p dng hoc c lu) m bn mun s dng.
4. Bm nt Create.
Hp thoi Views m ra.
5. Bm vo cc nt mi tn ( quay sang tri hoc phi) di chuyn cc khung nhn t
danh sch lit k di nhn Named views sang danh sch lit k di nhn Visible views.
Cc khung nhn s khng c nhn thy cho n khi bn di chuyn chng sang danh sch
lit k di nhn Visible views.
V d
Trong v d ny, chng ta s to ra cc khung nhn ng ca cc ng trc li t 1 n
7 trong m hnh sau y:
32
Trong hp thoi Creation of Views Along Grid Lines, chng ta chn All trong danh sch
lit k ca hp chn di nhn Number of views ca mt phng khung nhn XZ v None cho mt
phng khung nhn XY, ZY. Chng ta s dng cc thit lp mc nh cho cc hp chn v hp nhp
di nhn View name prefix v View properties.
Sau khi to ra cc khung nhn ca li, chng ta di chuyn khung nhn c tn l Grid 2
ti danh sch lit k di nhn Visible views:
Khnng nhn ca li c hin th l mt khung nhn phng trong mt ca s mi.
33

Chng ta c th xoay khung nhn xem n trong ch 3D.
To ra mt khung nhn trn mt phng ca mt b phn

Bn c th ro ra mt khung nhn trn mt phng trc-front, trn-top, sau-back, hoc
di-bottom ca mt b phn.
New view --> v chn mt trong cc ty chn sau:
- On part front plane.

- On part top plane.
- On part back plane.
- On part bottom plane.
2. Chn b phn.
To ra mt khung nhn 3D ca mt b phn
Khi bn cn phi xem mt b phn c th mt cch r rng, to ta mt khung nhn 3D ca
b phn . B phn ny c t trung tm ca khung nhn.
New view --> 3D view of part.
2. Chn b phn.
Tekla Structures ro ra khung nhn. Trc y ca mt phng khung nhn l trc Z ton cc
ca m hnh. Trc x l hnh chiu ca ca trc x a phng ca b phn trn mt phng XY
ton cc.
To ra cc khung nhn mc nh ca b phn
Bn c th ro bn khung nhn c bn ca mt b phn: Khung nhn pha trc-front, pha
trn-top, bn hng-end v phi cnh-perspective. Tekla Structures to ra tt c cc khung nhn
ny cng mt lc vi cng mt lnh. Theo mc nh, khung nhn phi cnh l mt khung nhn 3D,
v cc khung nhn cn li l cc khung nhn phng.
New view --> Default views of part.
2. Chn b phn.
34

Tekla Structures ro ra bn khung nhn mc nh cng mt lc.
To ra cc khung nhn mc nh ca b phn
Bn c th to ra mt khung nhn m th hin mt b phn b bin dng trong hnh dng
khng b bin dng. Lnh ny ch lm vic i vi dm v ct.
New view --> Undeformed view of part.
2. Chn b phn.
V d, chn mt dm b vn cong (S dng cc ty chn trn tab Deforming trong hp
thoi cc thuc tnh ca dm hoc ct). Tekla Structures hin th dm hnh dng khng b
bin dng trong mt khung nhn ring bit.
To ra mt khung nhn 3D ca mt thnh phn
Khi bn cn phi xem mt thnh phn c th mt cch r rng, to ra mt khung nhn 3D
ca thnh phn . Thnh phn ny c t trung tm ca khung nhn.
New view --> 3D view of component.
2. Chn thnh phn.

Tekla Structures to ra khung nhn. Trc y ca mt phng khung nhn ny l trc Z ton
cc ca m hnh. Trc x l hnh chiu ca trc x a phng ca b phn th cp u tin ln trn
mt phng XY ton cc. Chiu su ca vng lm vic l 1 trong tt c cc hng.
To ra cc khung nhn mc nh ca thnh phn
Bn c th ro bn khung nhn c bn ca mt thnh phn: Khung nhn pha trc-front,
pha trn-top, bn hng-end v phi cnh-perspective. Tekla Structures to ra tt c cc khung
nhn ny cng mt lc vi cng mt lnh. Theo mc nh, khung nhn phi cnh l mt khung
nhn 3D, v cc khung nhn cn li l cc khung nhn phng.
New view --> Default views of component.
2. Chn thnh phn.

Tekla Structures ro ra bn khung nhn mc nh cng mt lc.
To ra mt khung nhn b mt
S dng macro Create Surface View to ra mt khung nhn b mt m mt phng lm
vic c sp hng mt cch t ng. N c th hu ch khi m hnh ha cc cm bu lng, cc m
gia cng v s xuyn l trn i tng hnh hc phc tp.
1. Kch vo nt bm Applications & Components
danh mc Applications and Components.
trong bng iu khin bn m
2. Kch vo biu tng tam gic nh mu n bn cnh mc Macros bung danh sch lit
k ca mc Macros.
3. Kch p Create Surface View bt u macro.
4. Chn b mt ca b phn.
35
Tekla Structures to ra mt khung nhn tm mi v thng di chuyn mt phng lm vic

dc theo cnh di nht thuc b mt ca b phn. Bn c th m hnh ha trong khung nhn b
mt ny v xem kt qu cng vic m hnh ha ca bn c thc hin trong khung nhn 3D
ban u cng mt lc.
5. Nhn phm Esc dng chy macro.

6. a mt phng lm vic tr li ban u:
a. Lp li cc bc 1 v 2 m danh sch lit k ca mc Macros.
b. Kch p vo marco Work Plane Global.
To ra mt khung nhn b mt dc theo cnh c chn
S dng macro Creat Surface View wEdge to ra mt khung nhn b mt v sp hng
mt phng lm vic dc theo cnh m bn chn. N c th hu ch khi m hnh ha cc cm
bulong, cc m gia cng v s xuyn l trn i tng hnh hc phc tp.
1. Chc chn rng cng c
Snap to geometry lines/points c kch hot.
iu ny cho php bn chn dc theo mt cnh xc nh hng.

2. Kch vo nt bm Applications & Components
danh mc Applications and Components.
trong bng iu khin bn m

36

3. Kch vo biu tng tam gic nh mu n bn cnh mc Macros bung danh sch
lit k ca mc Macros.
4. Kch p Create Surface View wEdge bt u macro.
5. Chn b mt ca b phn.
Khi bn di chuyn con tr chut ln trn cc cnh ca b phn, mt biu tng mi tn
mu vng c hin th ch ra cc cnh c kh nng bn c th sp hng khung nhn ti. u
ca mi tn i din cho hng dng ca trc x. Khung nhn s c xoay theo hng ny
to thnh cnh phng nm ngang ca khung nhn. Gc ca khung nhn v mt phng lm vic s
c t im bt u ca ng truy bt hnh mi tn.
6. Chn cnh mong mun.

Tekla Structures to ra mt khung nhn tm mi, v cnh c chn to thnh nn trc x
ca khung nhn. Bn c th m hnh ha trong khung nhn b mt ny v xem kt qu cng vic
m hnh ha ca bn c thc hin trong khung nhn 3D ban u cng mt lc.
7. Nhn phm Esc dng chy macro.

8. a mt phng lm vic tr li ban u:
a. Lp li cc bc 1 v 2 m danh sch lit k ca mc Macros.
37

b. Kch p vo marco Work Plane Global.
* M mt khung nhn
Bn c th c n 9 khung nhn trn mn hnh cng mt lc. Nu bn ang khng th m
mt khung nhn, kim tra xem c bao nhiu khung nhn m bn m - bn c th cn phi ng
mt s khung nhn trong s chng.
View list m hp thoi Views.
Tekla Structures lit k tt c cc khung nhn c t tn nhng khng c nhn thy

bn tri v tt c cc khung nhn c nhn thy bn phi ca hp thoi.
2. Chn mt khung nhn t danh sch danh sch lit k bn di nhn Named views v
kch vo nt bm hnh mi tn sang phi di chuyn n sang danh sch lit k di nhn Visible
views.
Bn cng c th kch p mt khung nhn m n. Nu khung nhn khng xut hin,
kim tra xem c bao nhiu khung nhn m bn m ra.
3. m nhiu khung nhn, s dng phm Shift v Ctrl khi bn chn cc khung nhn t
danh sch lit k.
* Lu mt khung nhn
Nu bn cn phi m li cc khung nhn sau ny, cp cho mi khung nhn mt ci tn duy
nht. Khi bn thot khi m hnh, Tekla Structures ch lu cc khung nhn c t tn. Cc
khung nhn tm bin mt khi bn ng chng.
Trc khi bt u, to mt hoc nhiu khung nhn trong ch m hnh ha.
1. Kch p ln khung nhn m hp thoi View Properties ca n.
2. Nhp mt ci tn duy nht trong hp nhp cnh nhn Name.
Cc khung nhn tm c mt ci tn mc nh trong du ngoc n. Khng s dng du
ngoc n khi t tn mt khung nhn, hoc khung nhn s khng c lu s dng sau ny.
Lu : Trong ch Multi-user, cp cho cc khung nhn nhng ci tn duy nht rt quan
trng. Nu nhiu ngi dng c cc khung nhn khc nhau nhng tn ca chng trng nhau
th cc thit lp v khung nhn ca mt trong s cc ngi dng c th v tnh ghi ln
cc thit lp v khung nhn ca ngi dng khc.
3. Bm nt Modify.
Tekla Structures s t ng lu tt c cc khung nhn c t tn khi bn ng m hnh.
* Chnh sa mt khung nhn
Bn c th chnh sa mt khung nhn mt cch n gin bng cch kch p vo n.
1. Kch p vo m hnh m hp thoi View Properties.
2. Chnh sa cc thuc tnh ca khung nhn.
3. Bm nt Modify.
* Xa mt khung nhn
Bn c th xa vnh vin cc khung nhn c t tn.

View list m hp thoi Views.

38

Tekla Structures lit k tt c cc khung nhn c t tn nhng khng c nhn thy
bn tri v tt c cc khung nhn c nhn thy bn phi ca hp thoi.
2. Chn khung nhn m bn mun xa.
3. Bm vo nt Delete.
Tekla Structures xa khung nhn vnh vin.
4. xa nhiu khung nhn, s dng phm Shift v Ctrl khi bn chn cc khung nhn t
danh sch lit k.
* Chuyn i gia cc khung nhn
Bn c th d dng chuyn i gia tt c cc khung nhn c m ra trong khi m hnh
ha. Bn cng c th chuyn i gia ch 3D v ch phng, kim tra khung nhn hin ti
t cc gc nhn khc nhau.
Chuyn i gia cc khung nhn ang c m
chuyn i gia nhng khung nhn ang c m, thc hin mt trong cc cch sau
y:
- S dng t hp phm tt Ctrl+Tab.
- Kch Window v chn mt khung nhn t danh sch lit k.
- Kch chut phi ln khung nhn, sau chn Next Window t menu ng cnh.
Khung nhn c m tip theo c kch hot.
Chuyn i gia khung nhn 3D v khung nhn phng
S dng lnh Switch to 3D or plane kim tra khung nhn hin ti t cc gc nhn khc
nhau.
- Trn tab View, kch
Switch to 3D or plane.
Bn cng c th nhn t hp phm Ctrl+P.

* Cp nht v lm mi cc khung nhn
S dng lnh Redraw lm mi mt khung nhn. Bn cng c th cp nht cc khung
nhn.
Cp nht nhanh hn so vi v li (redraw), bi v cp nhp ch g b cc i tng ha
tm thi ( chng hn nh cc khong cch o) ra khi cc khung nhn. Nu khng lm nh vy,
n hin th cc i tng n.
Mc ch
V li ni dung ca tt c cc
Trn tab View, kch
khung nhn.
Thc hin
39

V li ni dung ca khung nhn Kch chut phi ln khung nhn v chn Redraw
ang c kch hot.
View t menu ng cnh.
Cp nht ni dung ca tt c cc Trn tab View, kch Redraw --> Erase temporary
khung nhn.
graphics.
Cp nht ni dung ca khung Kch chut phi ln khung nhn v chn Update
nhn ang c kch hot.
Window t menu ng cnh.
* Thay i mu nn ca khung nhn
Bn c th xc nh mu nn ca khung nhn trong ch m hnh ha bng cch s dng
cc gi tr RGB. Bn c th kim sot mu sc ca tng gc ring bit ca nn.
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings --> Advanced options v chn mc Model View.
2. Chnh sa mu nn bng cch s dng cc ty chn nng cao sau y:
- XS_BACKGROUND_COLOUR1
s dng mt nn n sc, thit lp cc cng gi tr cho c bn gc ca nn. s dng
mu nn mc nh, trng trong cc hp nhp.
3. Bm nt OK lu cc thay i.
4. ng v m li khung nhn cc thay i c hiu lc.
V d
Di y l cc v d ca cc mu nn c kh nng bn c th xc nh.
Gi tr RGB u tin cp n ty chn nng cao XS_BACKGROUND_COLOUR1, gi
tr th hai cp n ty chn nng cao XS_BACKGROUND_COLOUR2,
Gi tr RGB
Kt qu
1.0 1.0 1.0

1.0 1.0 1.0
1.0 1.0 1.0
1.0 1.0 1.0
40

0.0 0.2 0.7
0.0 0.8 0.7
0.0 0.2 0.7
0.0 0.8 0.7
4.4. Xc nh vng lm vic

Tekla Structures ch ra vng lm vic ca mt khung nhn bng cch s dng cc ng
nt t. Cc i tng bn ngoi vng vic tn ti nhng chng khng c nhn thy. Bn c th
co li hoc m rng vng lm vic ph hp vi tnh hung c th, v d tp trung vo mt
khu vc c th ca m hnh. Bn c th n tm thi hnh hp i din cho vng lm vic.
* iu chnh vng lm vic va vi ton b m hnh

Bn c th thay i kch thc ca vng lm vic bao gm tt c cc i tng ca m
hnh, hoc l trong tt c cc khung nhn hoc l ch trong cc khung nhn c chn.
Work area v chn mt trong cc ty chn sau y:
- To entire model in all views.

iu chnh vng lm vic bao gm tt c cc i tng ca m hnh trong tt c cc
khung nhn c nhn thy.
- To entire model in selected views.
iu chnh vng lm vic bao gm tt c cc i tng ca m hnh trong cc khung
nhn c chn.
* iu chnh vng lm vic va vi cc b phn c chn
Bn c th thay i kch thc ca vng lm vic ch bao gm cc b phn c chn,
hoc l trong tt c cc khung nhn hoc l ch trong cc khung nhn c chn.
41

1. Chn cc i tng m bn mun bao gm.
Work area v chn mt trong cc ty chn sau y:
- To selected parts in all views.

iu chnh vng lm vic bao gm cc i tng c chn ca m hnh trong tt c
cc khung nhn c nhn thy.
- To selected parts in selected views.
iu chnh vng lm vic bao gm cc i tng c chn ca m hnh trong cc
khung nhn c chn.
* iu chnh vng lm vic bng cch s dng hai im
Bn c th thay i kch thc ca vng lm vic da trn hai im gc m bn chn trn
mt phng khung nhn. Chiu dy ca vng lm vic cng ging nh chiu dy ca khung nhn.
Work area --> Using two points.
2. Chn im u tin.
3. Chn im th hai.
* n hnh hp vng lm vic
Bn c th tm thi n hnh hp i din cho vng lm vic trong mt khung nhn. iu
ny c th hu ch, v d, khi to ra cc bc nh chp mn hnh cho thuyt trnh.
1. Nhn v gi phm Ctrl v Shift ng thi.
2. Trn tab View, kch Redraw --> Redraw all.
3. vng lm vic hin th li, kch Redraw --> Redraw all ln na.
Mo: Ngoi ra, s dng ty chn nng cao XS_HIDE_WORKAREA .
4.5. H ta
Tekla Structures s dng hai h ta : H ta ton cc v a phng. H ta a
phng cng c bit n l mt phng lm vic.
H ta ton cc
Biu tng hnh lp phng mu xanh l cy i din cho h ta ton cc v nm
im gc ca h ta ton cc (X = 0, Y = 0, Z = 0). Khng t m hnh qu xa gc ny. Nu
bn to ra cc i tng m hnh m xa im gc, vic truy bt cc im trong cc khung nhn
ch m hnh ha c th tr nn khng chnh xc. M hnh cng xa gc ta , tt c cc tnh
ton tr nn km chnh xc hn.
42

H ta a phng (mt phng lm vic)
Mt phng lm vic-Work plane i din cho h ta a phng. Mt phng lm vic
c li ca ring n, li c th c s dng nh v v tr cc b phn. Hu ht cc lnh
m ph thuc vo h ta u s dng cc ta ca mt phng lm vic. V d, to cc im,
xc nh v tr ca b phn, v sao chp lun lun tun theo h ta ca mt phng lm vic.
Biu tng ta t gc di cng bn phi ca khung nhn trong ch m hnh ha lun i
theo mt phng lm vic.
Mt phng lm vic l m hnh c th, v th n ging nhau trong mi khung nhn. Biu
tng hnh mi tn mu ca mt phng lm vic th hin mt phng xy. Hng trc z tun theo
qui tc bn tay phi.
* Hin hoc n li ca mt phng lm vic

Li ca mt phng lm vic b n theo mc nh. S dng cc ty chn trong thanh cng
c Snapping hin hoc n li ca mt phng lm vic.
1. hin li ny, chn Work plane t danh sch lit k ca hp chn.
2. n li, chn View plane cng t danh sch lit k trn.

* Di chuyn mt phng lm vic
Bn c th t mt phng lm vic ti bt k v tr no bng cch chn cc im hoc bng
cch chn mt mt phng. iu ny lm cho bn d dng t chnh xc v tr cc b phn khi m
hnh ha cc b phn dc nghing.
V d, bn c th di chuyn mt phng lm vic ti mt dc ca mi d dng m hnh
ha cc ging ngang v cc x g trong mt mi dc.
43

t mt phng lm vic ti bt k mt phng no ca b phn
S dng lnh Work plane tool t mt phng lm vic ti bt k mt phng no ca b
phn.
1. Trn tab View, kch Work plane --> Work plane tool.
2. Chn mt im trn b phn.

t mt phng lm vic song song vi mt phng xyz
Bn c th t mt phng lm vic song song vi mt phng xy, xz hoc yz.
1. Trn tab View, kch Work plane --> Parallel to XY(Z) plane.
2. Trong danh sch lit k ca hp chn cnh nhn Plane, chn mt phng ton cc m
mt phng lm vic song song ti.
3. Nhp ta theo chiu su ca mt phng trong hp nhp cnh nhn Depth coordinate.
Ta ny xc nh xc nh khong cch gia mt phng lm vic v gc ca h ta
ton cc.
4. Bm nt Change.
t mt phng lm vic bng cch s dng mt im
Bn c th t mt phng lm vic bng cch s dng mt im chn. Mt phng lm vic
vn song song vi mt phng lm vic v tr hin ti nhng di chuyn ti mt v tr mi. Hng
x v y l khng thay i.
1. Trn tab View, kch Work plane --> Using one point.
2. Chn v tr mi cho mt phng lm vic.

t mt phng lm vic bng cch s dng hai im
Bn c th t mt phng lm vic bng cch s dng hai im chn. im u tin bn
chn l gc, im th hai xc nh hng x ca mt phng lm vic. Hng y vn ging nh mt
phng lm vic v tr trc y.
1. Trn tab View, kch Work plane --> Using two point.
2. Chn im gc ca mt phng lm vic.

3. Chn mt im xc nh hng x ca mt phng lm vic .
44

t mt phng lm vic bng cch s dng ba im
Bn c th t mt phng lm vic bng cch s dng ba im chn. im u tin bn
chn l gc, im th hai xc nh hng x, v im th ba xc nh hng ca y ca mt phng
lm vic. Tekla Structures t hng z theo quy tc bn tay phi.
1. Trn tab View, kch Work plane --> Using three point.
2. Chn im gc ca mt phng lm vic.

3. Chn mt im xc nh hng x ca mt phng lm vic .
4. Chn mt im xc nh hng y ca mt phng lm vic .
t mt phng lm vic song song vi mt phng khung nhn
Bn c th t mt phng lm vic c ging nh mt phng khung nhn ca mt
khung nhn c chn.
1. Trn tab View, kch Work plane --> Parallel to vew plane.
2. Chn khung nhn.

* Khi phc mt phng lm vic mc nh
Hy nh thay i tr li mt phng khung nhn mc nh khi bn hon thnh vic m
hnh ha cu trc kt cu dc.
1. Trn tab View, kch Work plane --> Parallel to XY(Z) plane.
2. Trong danh sch lit k ca hp chn cnh nhn Plane, chn XY.
3. Trong hp nhp cnh nhn Depth coordinate, nhp 0.
4. Bm nt Change.
* Thay i mu sc ca li ca mt phng lm vic
Tekla Structures hin th li ca mt phng lm vic trong mu sm. Bn c th thay
i mu sc ca li ny bng cch s dng ty chn nng cao
XS_GRID_COLOR_FOR_WORK_PLANE.
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings --> Advanced options v chn mc Model View.
2. Chnh sa ty chn nng cao.
Xc nh mu bng cch s dng cc gi tr RGB trong khong t 0 ti 1. V d, thay
i mu sang mu , thit lp gi tr thnh 1.0 0.0 0.0.
3. Bm nt OK.
4. ng v m li khung nhn cc thay i c hiu lc.
45
5. To v chnh sa cc i tng
C rt nhiu cch to, chnh sa, v xa cc i tng trong Tekla Structures. y,
chng ti gii thiu ci cch m hu ch nht i vi nhng ngi ln u tin s dng.
1. Chy mt lnh m to ra mt i tng.
V d, kch
trn tab Steel to ra mt dm thp.
2. Chn cc im t i tng trong m hnh.

Tekla Structures to ra cc i tng bng cch s dng cc thuc tnh hin ti ca loi
i tng .
3. Theo cc thng bo trn thanh trng thi c hng dn v cch tin hnh.
4. to thm cc i tng vi cng thuc tnh, chn thm cc im.
Lnh chy cho n khi bn kt thc n hoc s dng mt lnh khc.
5. Kch p vo i tng chnh sa n.
Hp thoi cc thuc tnh ca i tng m ra.
6. Thay i cc thuc tnh nh mong mun.
7. ch ra cc thuc tnh m bn mun thay i, tch chn hoc b tch chn ra khi cc
hp kim mong mun.
V d, nu bn ch mun thay i vt liu ca i tng, tch chn vo hp kim c nhn
Material v b tch chn khi cc hp kim cn li.
Mo: Bm
tch chn hoc b tch chn tt c cc hp kim.
8. Bm nt Modify.
Tekla Structures thay i cc thuc tnh ca cc hp kim m bn chn bc 7.
9. xa mt i tng, chn n v nhn phm Delete.
5.1. Thanh cng c ng cnh
Mt thanh cng c ng cnh xut hin bn cnh con tr chut kho bn kch mt i tng
trong m hnh hoc mt bn v. S dng thanh cng c ng cnh ny nhanh chng xem v thay
i mt s thuc tnh c bn ca mt i tng, khung nhn, li
Nu nhiu i tng ang c chn, thanh cng c ng cnh hin th dng ch Varies
i vi cc thuc tnh m khc nhau.
* Lm th no s dng thanh cng c ng cnh
Nhng thay i m bn thc hin trong thanh cng c ng cnh c p dng ngay lp tc
ti m hnh hoc bn v.
1. Kch mt i tng trong mt m hnh hoc mt bn v.
Thanh cng c ng cnh xut hin bn cnh con tr chut.
2. Thay i cc thuc tnh ca i tng trong thanh cng c ng cnh.
Nhng thay i ny c p dng ngay lp tc.
46

* Hin hoc n thanh cng c ng cnh
Bn c th xc nh thanh cng c ng cnh c c nhn thy trong Tekla Structures
hay khng.
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings.
2. Bn di khu vc Switches, tch chn hoc b tch chn khi hp kim cnh nhn
Contextual toolbar.
* Xc nh v tr ca thanh cng c ng cnh
Bn c th xc nh v tr ca thanh cng c ng cnh m lin quan n n im tham
chiu ca mt i tng.
1. Chn mt i tng.
2. Nhn v gi phm Ctrl v kch v gi phm chut tri ln thanh cng c ng cnh.
Mt ng nt t xut hin gia thanh cng c ng cnh v i tng.
3. Ko thanh cng c ng cnh ti mt v tr mi. V d, bn c th t thanh cng c ng

cnh pha bn tri ca i tng c chn.
4. Th phm tri chut. By gi, thanh cng c ng cnh xut hin v tr m bn xc
nh, v d, pha bn tri ca bt k i tng no m bn chn.
* Ghim c nh v tr thanh cng c ng cnh
Bn c th ghim thanh cng c ng cnh ti mt v tr c th trn mn hnh, v tr ny b
kha. V d, bn c th n xut hin gc trn cng bn tri ca mn hnh. Trong tnh trng b
kha, v tr ny ca thanh cng c ng cnh c lp vi v tr c nhn ca b phn.
1. Di chuyn con tr chut ln trn thanh mu xm nm trn cnh bn tri ca thanh cng
c ng cnh. Con tr chut thay i thnh mi tn c bn u
2. Ko thanh cng c ng cnh ti mt v tr mi.

3. Kch
ghim thanh cng c ng cnh ti v tr mi.
Biu tng ghim thay i khi v tr b kha.

4. g kha v tr, kch
* Gim thiu ha thanh cng c ng cnh

Bn c th gim thiu ha thanh cng c ng cnh n chim t khng gian trn mn
hnh ca bn.
1. Trn thanh cng c ng cnh, kch Minimize
hin di dng biu tng
. By gi, thanh cng c ng cnh xut
2. khi phc thanh cng c ng cnh tr li hnh dng ban u, kch nt Minimize ln
na.
47

* Ty chnh thanh cng c ng cnh
Bn c th ty chnh thanh cng c ng cnh bng cch chn nhng thnh phn no ca
thanh cng c c nhn thy. Bn cng c th iu chnh b rng ca cc thnh phn, v thm
cc biu tng v cc tiu thm cho cc thnh phn .
1. Trn thanh cng c ng cnh, kch Customize
2. Bng cch tch chn hoc b tch chn vo cc hp kim, xc nh nhng thnh phn
no ca thanh cng c m bn mun hin hoc n.
Khu vc Preview cho thy thanh cng c s nhn trng nh th no.
3. chnh sa cc thnh phn ca thanh cng c:
a. Kch chn thnh phn ca thanh cng c m mun chnh sa.
b. S dng thanh trt
iu chnh b rng ca thnh phn .
c. thm tiu cho thnh phn, kch vo hp nhp v nhp mt tiu .

d. Hoc thm mt biu tng cho thnh phn , kch
danh sch lit k.
v chn mt biu tng t
e. g b tiu hoc biu tng ra khi ca thnh phn, kch vo nt Reset
* To ra cc h s ngi dng cho cc thanh cng c ng cnh
Bn c th to ra rt nhiu cc h s-profile cho cc thanh cng c ng cnh. Mi h s
cha ng cng thanh cng c ng cnh nhng vi cc thit lp khc nhau.
1. Trn thanh cng c ng cnh, kch Customize
2. Kch Set profiles
3. Chn New profile t danh sch lit k ca hp chn.

4. Nhp mt ci tn cho h s mi ny.
5. Bm nt Save.
6. Ty chnh cc thanh cng c ng cnh.
V d, g b mt s thnh phn khi thanh cng c ng cnh.
H s ngi dng ny hin ang kch hot vi cc thit lp m bn xc nh.
8. chuyn i sang h s khc:
a. Kch Set profiles
b. Chn h s khc t danh sch lit k.

c. Chnh sa cc thit lp.
d. Bm nt OK.
H s ngi dng ny hin ang kch hot.
5.2. Thanh cng c Selection
Thanh cng c Selection cha cc cng c c bit kim sot nhng i tng v loi i
tng no m bn c th chn. V d, nu bn chn ton b m hnh nhng ch c cng c Select
parts c kch hot th ch nhng b phn tr nn c chn.
48
Kch vo cc biu tng trn thanh cng c Selection kch hot hoc khng kch hot
cc cng c.
Cc cng c la chn chnh
Cc cng c la chn chnh kim sot vic bn c th chn cc thnh phn v cc cm lp
ghp, hoc cc i tng trong chng c hay khng. Nhng cng c ny c quyn u tin cao
nht.
Cng c
Cc i tng c th
c chn
Cc thnh phn
Miu t
Khi bn kch bt k i tng no m thuc v

mt thnh phn, Tekla Structures chn biu tng
ca thnh phn l lm ni bt ( nhng khng
chn) tt c cc i tng ca thnh phn.
Cc i tng ca Cc i tng c t ng to ra bi mt thnh

thnh phn
phn c th c chn.
Cc cm lp ghp v Khi bn chn bt k i tng no trong mt
cc khi c.
cm lp ghp hoc mt khi c, Tekla Structures
chn cm lp ghp hoc khi c v lm ni bt tt
c cc i tng trong cng cm lp ghp hoc khi
c .
Cc i tng trong Bn c th chn chn cc i tng n trong cc
cc cm lp ghp v cm lp ghp v cc khi c.
cc khi c.
Cc cng c khc
Bng di y lit k cc cng c cn li. S dng cc cng c ny kim sot nhng
loi i tng no m bn mun chn.
Cng c
Cc i tng c th
c chn
Miu t
Bt k i tng no
Kch hot tt c cc cng c. Bn c th chn tt

c cc loi i tng, ngoi tr cc bu lng n.
Cc thnh phn
Bn c th chn cc biu tng ca thnh phn.
Cc b phn
Bn c th chn cc i tng, chng hn nh ct,

dm hoc tm.
Cc lp ph b mt v
cc b mt.
Bn c th chn cc lp ph b mt v cc b mt.
49

Cc im
Bn c th chn cc im.
Cc ng thng v
ng trn dng hnh.
Bn c th chn cc ng thng v ng trn

dng hnh.
Cc m hnh tham
chiu.
Bn c th chn ton b cc m hnh tham chiu.
Cc li.
Bn c th chn ton b li bng cch chn mt

ng trc li nm trong li .
Cc ng trc li.
Bn c th chn cc ng trc li n.
Cc mi hn.
Bn c th chn cc mi hn.
Cc b phn ct v vt
liu thm.
Bn c th chn ng thng, b phn, v a gic

ct, phn c lm y v vt liu c thm.
Cc khung nhn.
Bn c th chn cc khung nhn m hnh.
Cc nhm bu lng.
Bn c th chn ton b nhm bu lng bng cch

chn mt bu lng trong nhm .
Cc bu lng n.
Bn c th chn cc bu lng n.
Cc thanh ct thp.
Bn c th chn cc thanh ct thp hoc cc nhm

ct thp.
ng phn chia cc
t .
Bn c th chn ng phn chia cc t b

tng.
Cc mt phng.
Bn c th chn cc mt phng dng hnh.
Cc khong cch.
Bn c th chn c cc khong cch o.
Cc nhim v.
Bn c th chn cc nhim c ca Task Manager.
Cc cng c khi phn tch m hnh

Cc cng c sau y c th c s dng chn cc i tng khi phn tch m hnh.
Cng c
Cc i tng c th
c chn
Ti trng
Miu t
Bn c th chn Point load, Line load, Area load,

Uniform load, v Temperature load.
50

Cc b phn phn tch
Bn c th chn cc b phn c phn tch.
Cc nt
Bn c th chn cc nt c phn tch.
Cc lin kt cng
Bn c th chn cc lin kt cng c phn tch.
Cc cng c trong ch v
Cc cng c la chn tng t cng c sn trong ch v.
Cng c
Cc i tng c th
c chn
Miu t
Cc i tng bt k.
Kch hot hoc khng kch hot tt c cc cng

c. Bn c th chn tt c cc loi i tng, cc
ng kch thc n ca mt nhm kch thc
hoc cc ng trc li n ca mt li.
Cc ng.
Bn c th chn cc i tng v chng hn nh

cc ng thng, cc cung, ng trn, hnh ch
nht, ng nhiu on, a gic, v m my.
Cc vn bn.
Bn c th chn bt k vn bn no trong cc
bn v.
Cc k hiu.
Bn c th chn tt c cc loi k hiu trong cc

bn v.
Cc b phn.
Bn c th chn cc b phn, chng hn nh cc

ct, dm, v cc tm trong cc bn v.
Cc biu tng mt ct.
Bn c th chn cc biu tng mt ct trong cc

bn v.
Cc mi hn.
Bn c th chn cc mi hn trong cc bn v.
Cc khung nhn.
Bn c th chn cc khung nhn v.
Cc ng kch thc.
Bn c th chn cc ng kch thc. Bn c

th chn ton b mt nhm ng kch thc
bng cch chn mt ng kch thc trong
nhm .
Cc ng kch thc Bn c th chn cc ng kch thc n

n.
Cc li.
Bn c th chn cc li trong cc bn v.
51

Cc ng trc li.
Bn c th chn cc ng trc li n trong

cc bn v.
Cc k hiu chi tit.
Bn c th chn cc k hiu chi tit trong cc

bn v.
Cc phn m rng.
Bn c th chn cc phn m rng ty chnh

trong cc bn v.
5.3. Cng c Direct Modification

S dng cng c Direct modification chnh sa cc i tng m hnh bng cch n
gin l ko cc im x l. Khi bn chn mt i tng trong mt khung nhn m hnh, Tekla
Structures hin th cc im x l v cc kch thc c th cho i tng m hnh .
Direct modification c th c s dng vi cc loi i tng sau:
- B phn: Part.
- ng phn chia t : Pour break.
- Ct thp: Reinforcement.
- Ti trng: Load.
- Li v ng trc li: Grid v Grid line.
- Cc i tng dng hnh: Construction object.
- Cc b phn ty chnh.
* Lm th no s dng Direct modification
S dng Direct modification chnh sa cc i tng m hnh bng cch ko cc im
x l v cc ng kch thc.
1. Chc chn rng cng c Direct modification c kch hot.
kch hot hoc b kch hot cng c Direct modification, kch
Selection hoc nhn t hp phm Ctrl + D.
trn thanh cng c
2. Kch i tng chn n.

Tekla Structures hin th cc im x l v cc kch thc c c th ha cho i tng
m hnh . Lu rng khng phi tt c cc loi i tng u c th chnh sa bng cch s
dng phng php ny.
3. chnh sa i tng, ko cc im x l.
4. tinh chnh mt kch thc c th, kch v u mi tn ca ng kch thc v bt
u g mt gi tr kch thc.
Tekla Structures hin th hp thoi Enter a Numeric Location.
* Cc im x l iu chnh trc tip
Cc im x l iu chnh trc tip- Direct modification thng l mu xanh da tri. Tuy
nhin cc im x l ca cc b phn ty chnh l mu , xanh l cy v xanh da tri theo h ta
a phng ca b phn ty chnh.
52

im x l
Miu t
im x l tham chiu.
im x l gia.
im x l u cc thanh ct
thp.
X l ng thng.
X l mt phng.
X l trc ca cc b phn ty
chnh.
X l quay ca i tng ty
chnh.
* Cc ng kch thc iu chnh trc tip

Mu sc ca cc ng kch thc iu chnh trc tip theo cc mu ca cc trc ta
ca mt phng lm vic. Cc ng kch thc mu nm trong hng x ca mt phng lm
vic, mu xanh l cy nm trong hng y v mu xanh da tri nm trong hng z. Cc ng kch
thc cho l mu tm.
53
5.4. Lu v np cc thuc tnh ca hp thoi

Bn c th lu cc nhm thit lp c xc nh trc cc thuc tnh cho cc i tng
m hnh v i tng v v sau ny np cc thuc tnh khi bn to ta cc i tng mi. Tekla
Structures lu tr cc tp tin thuc tnh trong th mc m hnh, bao gm c cc thuc tnh ca
cc hp thoi con.
1. Trong hp thoi, nhp cc thuc tnh m bn mun lu.
2. Trong hp nhp cnh nt bm Save as, nhp mt ci tn cho nhm cc thit lp mi ny.
V d, MyProperties.
3. Bm nt Save as.
By gi nhm thit lp ny c tm vo danh sch lit k ca cc nhm thit lp v
thuc tnh c lu.
4. Khi bn mun np mt nhm thit lp, chn nhm thit lp t danh sch lit k, v sau
bm nt Load.
5. Nu bn mun thay i mt nhm thit lp hin c:
a. Np nhm thit lp v cc thuc tnh m bn mun thay i.
b. Thay i cc thuc tnh.
c. Bm nt Save.
Tekla Structures lu cc thay i trong tp tin ang c th hin trong danh sch lit k
cnh nt Load, ghi ln cc thit lp c v thuc tnh.
54
6. Truy bt ti mt im hoc mt ng thng

Hu ht cc lnh yu cu bn chn cc im t cc i tng trong m hnh hoc trong
bn v. y c gi l s truy bt im. Khi bn di chuyn con tr chut trn cc i tng,
Tekla Structures hin th biu tng truy bt cho cc im truy bt sn c. Tekla Structures
cng hin th cc kch thc truy bt gip bn to cc i tng ca mt chiu di mong mun.
Bn c th s dng mt lot cc phng php khc nhau khi truy bt ti cc v tr trong
mt m hnh hoc bn v. Bn c th kt hp cc phng php khc nhau t c cc kt qu
tt nht. S dng cc cng c truy bt kim sot nhng v tr m m bn c th truy bt ti.
6.1. Cc cng c truy bt v cc biu tng
S dng cc cng c truy bt kim xot nhng v tr no m bn c th chn trong m
hnh hoc bn v. Bng cch s dng cc cng c truy bt ny, bn c th xc nh v tr cc i
tng mt cch chnh xc m khng cn bit cc ta . Bn c th s dng cc cng c truy bt
bt c khi no m Tekla Structures nhc bn chn mt im.
Kch vo cc cng c truy bt trn thanh cng c Snapping kch hot hoc ngng kch
hot chng. Nu c nhiu hn mt im c sn truy bt ti, nhn phm Tab quay vng qua
cc im truy bt, hoc t hp Shift + Tab quay vng ngc li. Kch phm tri ca chut
chn im thch hp.
Cc cng c truy bt chnh
Hai cng c truy bt chnh xc nh bn c th truy bt cc im tham chiu hoc bt k
cc im khc trn i tng c hay khng, v d cc gc ca b phn. Nhng cng c ny c
th t u tin truy bt cao nht. Nu c hai cng c ny khng c kch hot, bn khng th truy
bt ti bt k cc v tr no, thm ch nu tt c cc cng c khc u c kch hot.
Cng c
V tr truy bt
Miu t
Cc im v cc
ng
tham
chiu ca i
tng.
Bn c th truy bt
ti cc im tham
chiu ca i tng
( cc im x l).
Cc im v cc
ng xc nh
hnh dng hnh
hc ca i
tng.
Bn c th truy bt
ti bt k im no
trn cc i
tng.
Biu tng
Ln
Nh
Cc cng c truy bt khc

Bng sau y lit k cc cng c cn li v cc biu tng ca chng trong m hnh hoc
bn v. Biu tng truy bt l mu vng i vi cc i tng ca m hnh v cc i tng trong
cc bn v, v mu xanh l cy cho cc i tng bn trong cc thnh phn.
55

Chc chn rng bn khng kch hot qu nhiu cng c truy bt khi truy bt im. Kch
hot qu nhiu cng c truy bt c th d dng dn ti s thiu chnh xc v li trong khi truy bt
im. Hy c bit cn trng khi bn s dng cng c Snap to any position .
Cng c V tr truy bt
Cc im.
Miu t
Biu
tng
Truy bt ti cc im v cc im giao
nhau gia cc ng trc li.
Cc im u (hoc Truy bt ti cc im u (hoc cui) ca

cui).
cc ng thng, cc on ca ng
gm nhiu on-polyline, v cc cung
trn.
Cc im tm.
Truy bt ti cc im tm ca ng trn
v cung trn.
Cc im chnh gia.
Truy bt ti cc im chnh gia ca cc

ng thng, cc on ca ng gm
nhiu on v cc cung trn.
Cc im giao nhau.
Truy bt ti cc im giao nhau ca cc

ng thng, cc on ca ng gm
nhiu on, cc cung v ng trn.
Cc im vung gc.
Truy bt ti cc im trn i tng to

to thnh mt s vung gc vi i
tng khc.
Cc im trn phn Truy bt ti cc im nm trn phn ko

ko di ca ng di ca ng thng ca cc i tng
thng.
gn , v cc ng thng tham chiu
v ng thng xc nh hnh dng ca
cc i tng trong bn v.
V tr bt k.
Truy bt ti v tr bt k.
im gn nht.
Truy bt ti cc im gn nht trn cc

i tng, v d im bt k trn cc
cnh hoc cc ng ca b phn.
Cc ng thng.
Truy bt ti cc ng trc li, v cc

cnh ca cc i tng hin c.
Cc ng kch thc Truy bt ti cc i tng hnh hc ch

thch trong cc bn v.
v cc k hiu.
Ch c sn trong cc bn v.
56

6.2. Min, su v th t u tin truy bt
Min truy bt, su truy bt v th t u tin truy bt nh hng n vic chn im.
Th t u tin truy bt l t ng, nhng hai thit lp cn li th bn c th thay i.
Min truy bt
Mi i tng c mt min truy bt. N xc nh bn cn phi gn nh th no kch
chn th bt trng mt v tr. Khi bn chn bn trong min truy bt ca mt i tng, Tekla
Structures t ng truy bt ti im c th c chn gn nht trn i tng .
Bn c th thit lp min truy bt bng cch s dng ty chn nng cao.
su truy bt
Hp chn u tin trn thanh cng c Snapping xc nh su ca tng v tr bn chn.
Bn c cc ty chn sau y:
- Plane: Bn c th truy bt ti cc v tr hoc l trn mt phng khung nhn hoc mt phng

lm vic, ty thuc vo ty chn m bn chn trong hp chn th hai trn thanh cng c Snapping.
- 3D: Bn c th truy bt ti cc v tr trong ton b khng gian 3D.
- Auto: Trong cc khung nhn phi cnh, ty chn ny lm vic ging nh ty chn 3D.
Trong cc khung nhn khng phi cnh ( khung nhn phng), n lm vic ging nh ty chn
Plane.
Th t u tin truy bt
Tekla Structures t ng truy bt ti im c th t u tin truy bt cao nht, nhng bn
cng c th chn cc im khc.
6.3. Truy bt ti mt im bng cch s dng cc ta
Bn c th s dng cc ta khi truy bt ti mt v tr. S dng hp thoi Enter a
Numeric Location xc nh cc ta .
* Hp thoi Enter a Numeric Location
1. Chy mt lnh m yu cu bn chn cc im.
V d, bt u to ra mt dm.
2. Nhp cc ta bng cch s dng bn phm.
V d, g 1000. Khi bn bt u g, Tekla Structures hin th hp thoi Enter a Numeric
Location mt cch t ng.
3. Sau khi nhp xong cc ta , nhn nt Enter truy bt ti v tr c ta .
* Cc ty chn cho cc ta
Bng di y gii thch cc loi thng tin m bn c th nhp trong hp thoi Enter a
Numeric Location.
57

Bn c th
nhp
Miu t
Mt ta
Mt khong cch trong mt hng c

ch ra.
Hai ta
Nu bn b qua ta th 3 ( trc z)
hoc gc, Tekla Structures gi nh gi
tr bng 0.
Ba ta .
K t c bit
Trong ch bn v, Tekla Structures

b qua ta th 2.
Cc ta Ta x, y, v z ca mt v tr phn cch , (du phy)
cc vung gc. bi du phy.
V d: 100,-50,-200.
Cc to cc
Mt khong cch, mt gc trn mt <

phng xy, v mt gc to vi mt phng
xy phn cch bi du nh hn.
V d: 1000<90<45.
Gc tng theo chiu ngc chiu kim
ng h.
Cc to tng Cc ta ny tng i so vi v tr Xc nh bi ty chn nng cao

chn cui cng.
i
XS_KEYIN_RELATIVE_PREFIX.
V d:
Mc nh l @.
@1000,500 hoc @500<30.
Cc to tuyt Cc ta da trn gc ca mt phng Xc nh bi ty chn nng cao
lm vic.
i.
XS_KEYIN_ABSOLUTE_PREFIX.
V d: $0,0,1000.
Mc nh l $.
Cc ta ton Cc ta lin quan ti gc ton cc v Xc nh bi ty chn nng cao
cc hng X, Y ton cc.
cc.
XS_KEYIN_GLOBAL_PREFIX.
V d: !6000,12000,0.
Mc nh l !.
N rt tin dng, v d, khi bn thit lp
mt phng lm vic ti mt phng ca
mt b phn v mun truy bt ti mt v
tr c xc nh trong h ta ton cc
m khng mun thay i mt phng lm
vic ti h ta ton cc.
* Thay i ch truy bt im
Tekla Structures c ba ch truy bt im bng ta : Tng i, tuyt i v ton
cc. S dng ty chn nng cao XS_KEYIN_DEFAULT_MODE ch ra ch truy bt im
mc nh.
58

1. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings --> Advanced options v chn mc Modeling
Properties.
2. Thit lp ty chn nng cao XS_KEYIN_DEFAULT_MODE thnh RELATIVE hoc
ABSOLUTE hoc GLOBAL.
3. Bm nt OK.
4. Nu bn mun tm thi ln ch mc nh, nhp mt k t c bit pha trc
cc ta khi nhp trong hp thoi Enter a Numeric Location.
Theo mc nh, cc k t c bit l:
- @ i vi ta tng i.
- $ i vi ta tuyt i.
- ! i vi ta ton cc.
Ch : Nu bn mun thay i cc k t c bit cho ba ch truy bt ny, s dng cc
ty
chn
nng
cao
XS_KEYIN_RELATIVE_PREFIX,
XS_KEYIN_ABSOLUTE_PREFIX,
v
XS_KEYIN_GLOBAL_PREFIX.
6.4. Ging hng cc i tng bng cch s dng li truy bt
Li truy bt lm cho vic sp hng cc i tng trong mt m hnh hoc bn v tr nn
d dng hn, bi v n cho php bn ch truy bt ti cc v tr cch u nhau. S dng li truy
bt khi bn chn cc im bng cch s dng cng c Snap to any position
* Xc nh li truy bt trong ch m hnh ha
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings --> Options v chn mc Mouse settings.
2. Xc nh cc khong cch cch u ca li trong cc hp nhp di nhn Spacing.
V d, nu khong cch cch u trong hp nhp cnh nhn x l 500, bn c th truy bt
ti cc v tr m cch u nhau 500 n v theo hng trc x.
3. Nu cn thit, xc nh khong cch offset cho gc ca li truy bt trong cc hp nhp
di nhn Origin.
4. kch hot li truy bt, tch chn vo hp kim trc nhn Active snap grid when
free snap is on.
By gi, khi bn chn cc im bng cch s dng cng c Snap to any position, bn ch
c th truy bt ti cc v tr ti cc khong cch cch u nhau. Li truy bt v hnh trong ch
m hnh.
* Xc nh li truy bt trong ch bn v
Bn c th d dng sp hng cc ng kch thc, cc k hiu v cc ch thch lin quan
bng cch s dng li truy bt.
1. M mt bn v.
2. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings --> Snap settings m hp thoi Snap.
3. Nu bn mun nhn thy biu tng ca li truy bt, tch chn vo hp kim cnh nhn
Symbol.
4. Xc nh cc khong cch cch u ca li trong cc hp nhp di nhn Spacing.
V d, nu khong cch cch u trong hp nhp cnh nhn x l 200, bn c th truy bt
ti cc v tr cch u nhau 200 n v theo hng trc x.
59

5. Nu cn thit, xc nh khong cch offset cho gc ca li truy bt trong cc hp nhp
di nhn Origin.
6. Bm nt Apply hoc OK.
By gi, khi bn chn cc im bng cch s dng cng c Snap to any position, bn ch
c th truy bt ti cc v tr ti cc khong cch cch u nhau. Li truy bt v hnh trong ch
bn v.
6.5. ln cc cng c truy bt hin ang kch hot
Bn c th tm thi ln cc cng c truy bt hin ang kch hot.
1. Chy mt lnh m yu cu bn chn mt im.
2. ln cc cng c truy bt hin ang kch hot, thc hin mt trong cc iu sau:
- Kch chut phi a ra mt danh sch lit k cc ty chn truy bt, v sau chn mt
trong cc ty chn.
- Kch vo hp nhp Quick Launch, g snap override, v chn lnh Snap Override
t danh sch lit k hin ra.
Mt thanh cng c mi xut hin. Kch mt cng c trn ln cc cng c truy bt
hin ang kch hot.
6.6. V d: t mt i tng v theo mt khong cch c th

V d ny cho thy lm th no t mt i tng v theo mt khong cch c th trong
hng c ch ra. Chng ta s s dng hp thoi Enter a Numeric Location xc nh ta
ca khong cch.
1. Trn tab Drawing, kch Draw line kch hot cng c v ng thng.
2. Nhn v gi phm Ctrl v chn mt im gc.
3. Ch ra hng m bn mun t im bt u ca ng thng.

y, cm bu lng cn c di chuyn 30 mm sang bn phi v ng thng ny s ch
ra v tr mi cho cm bu lng.
60
4. Bt u nhp khong cch, v d: 30.

Hp thoi Enter a Numeric Location c hin th.
5. Khi bn nhp xong khong cch, bm nt OK, Tekla Structures ch ra im bt u
ca ng thng.
6. Chn im cui cho ng thng.
7. kim tra khong cch ny l ng, to ra mt ng kch thc.
61
6.7. V d: Ln theo ng thng hng ti im truy bt

V d ny cho thy lm th no chn mt im ti mt khong cch c th dc theo mt
ng thng. Chng ta s s dng hp thoi Enter a Numeric Location xc nh khong cch
t im cui cng c chn.
Bt u
Khi bn c cc cng c truy bt ang c kch hot v bn s dng mt lnh m yu cu
bn chn cc v tr, v d lnh to ra mt dm. Chn im bt u ca dm v di chuyn con tr
chut chn im cui, khi con tr chut b kha vo mt im truy bt Tekla Structures hin
th mt ng mu xanh l cy gia im truy bt v im cui cng c chn ( im u ca
mt dm hin c).
Ln theo mt ng thng
Trong minh ha di y, chng ti truy bt ti im l im giao nhau gia cc ng
trc li. Ln theo ng thng gi nh v nhp mt khong cch l 1000 k t im cui cng
c chn to ra dm.
62
Vt qu ng thng ln theo
Bn cng c th xc nh cc im nm bn ngoi ng thng ln theo. Ln theo ng
thng gi nh v nhp mt khong cch l 4000 k t im cui cng c chn to ra dm.
Ln theo hng ngc li

Ln theo hng ngc li bng cch nhp mt gi tr m, v d -1000.
63
7. Truy bt ti mt ng thng
S dng cng c truy bt Snap to lines and edges khi m hnh ha cc i tng m c
th nm trn cng mt ng thng vi mt i tng hin c hoc mt ng trc li.
1. Chc chn rng cng c Snap to lines and edges
c kch hot.
2. Chy mt lnh m yu cu bn chn hai hoc nhiu im hn na.

V d, to ra mt dm. Tekla Structures t ng chn c hai im u ca ng thng.
Biu tng mi tn mu vng ch ra hng ca cc im.
3. chuyn i hng, di chuyn con tr chut ti gn u i din ca ng thng.
64
8. Truy bt ti cc ng thng ko di
Bn c th truy bt ti cc ng thng ko di ca cc i tng gn . iu ny c th
hu ch, v d, khi bn mun ging hng cc i tng vi mt i tng khc.
1. Chc chn rng cc cng c truy bt ng c kch hot:
- Kch hot cng c Snap to extension lines
- Kch hot cng c Snap to intersection points

hoc Snap to nearest points
bn ang truy bt ti im giao nhau ca mt ng thng ko di v mt ng trc li.
- Kch hot cng c Snap to end points
nu
nu bn ang lm vic trong khng gian 3D.

V d, bt u to ra mt dm. Tekla Structures hin th phn ko di ca ng thng
trong mu xanh da tri.
3. Di chuyn con tr chut gn ti i tng tm ng thng ko di.
Khi ng thng ko di c tm thy, bn c th di chuyn con tr chut ra xa trong khi
vn gi s truy bt .
V d
Trong ch m hnh:
Trong ch bn v:
65
9. Truy bt ti cc im thng gc
S dng cng c Ortho truy bt cc im thng gc ( 00, 450, 900, 1350 v 1800 ) gn
nht trn mt phng. Con tr chut t ng truy bt ti cc v tr ti cc khong cch u nhau
trong hng nht nh. iu ny c th hu ch, v d, nu bn mun t cc k hiu mt cch
nht qun theo cc v tr cch u nhau trong mt bn v.
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings v tch chn vo hp kim trc nhn Ortho.
Ngoi ra, bn c th nhn phm O.
V d, bt u to ra mt dm. Tekla Structures hin th mt biu tng gc ch ra
hng ca s truy bt. Gi tr khong cch gia cc v tr truy bt ph thuc vo mc zoom
hin ti.
66
10. Truy bt c lin quan ti cc im chn trc

Khi bn to ra cc i tng m yu cu bn chn nhiu hn hai im, bn c th truy bt
trong cc hng thng gc c lin quan ti hai im chn trc . iu ny c th hu ch, v
d, nu bn mun to ra mt bn hnh ch nht nm trn mt phng khung nhn nhng khng dc
theo trc x v y. C s dng cng c Ortho.
1. Chy mt lnh m yu cu bn chn nhiu im. V d, bt u vi vic to ra mt dm
gm nhiu on (polybeam).
2. Chn hai im u tin.
Tekla Structures hin th mt biu tng gc ch ra hng ca s truy bt.
3. Di chuyn con tr chut trong khung nhn nhn nhn thy biu tng gc.
Khi s truy bt thng gc vi mt phng lm vic, mu sc ca biu tng gc l mu xanh
l cy.
Khi s truy bt vung gc vi ng thng ni cc im c chn trc , mu sc ca

biu tng gc chuyn sang mu vng.
67
11. To ra mt im tham chiu tm

Bn c th to ra mt im tham chiu tm s dng l mt im gc a phng khi
truy bt trong ch m hnh v bn v.
2. Chn im bt u.
3. Nhn v gi phm Ctrl v chn mt v tr.
Mt du cng mu xanh l cy ch ra v tr ny by gi l mt im tham chiu tm.
4. Lp li bc 3 to ra s lng im tham chiu cn thit.

5. Nh phm Ctrl v chn im kt thc.
Tekla Structures to ra cc i tng gia im bt u v im kt thc.
68
12. Kha to x, y hoc z

Bn c th kha cc ta x, y v z trn mt ng thng.
1. Chy mt lnh m yu cu bn chn cc v tr.
2. kha ta x, nhn phm X.
Ta x ti v tr hin ti ca con tr chut b kha.
3. b kha to , nhn phm X ln na.
69
13. Chn cc i tng

Bn c th thc hin la chn n hoc la chn khu vc. Tekla Structures lm ni bt
cc i tng c chn. S lng cc i tng v im x l c chn c hin th trong
gc di cng bn phi ca thanh trng thi. V d:
.
13.1. Chn cc cm lp ghp v cc khi c
S dng cng c Select assemblies chn cc cm lp ghp v cc khi c.
1. Chc chn rng cng c Select assemblies
c kch hot.
2. Chn mt b phn.
Tekla Structures chn ton b khi c hoc cm lp ghp m cha ng b phn c
chn.
13.2. Chn cc i tng c lng bn trong
Bn c th chn cc cm lp ghp v thnh phn c lng bn trong. Cng c la chn
c kch hot xc nh cp m bn bt u v hng m bn di chuyn trong th t phn cp
ca thnh phn hoc cm lp ghp. Thanh trng thi cho thy cc bc bn i trong h thng phn
cp .
1. Chc chn rng cc cng c la chn ng c kch hot.
bt u t cm lp ghp cp cao nht, di chuyn ti cc cm lp ghp con
ca n, v cui cng chn cc b phn n, cc bu lng n,..
bt u t cc i tng n v di chuyn ti cc cm lp ghp lng ln hn v
ln hn na.
bt u t cc thnh phn cp cao nht, di chuyn ti cc thnh phn con ca
n, v cui cng chn cc b phn n, cc bu lng n
hn na.
bt u t cc i tng n v di chuyn ti cc thnh phn lng ln hn v ln
2. Nhn v gia phm Shift.

3. Cun phm gia chut.
S lm ni bt bng mu da cam ch ra cm lp ghp hoc thnh phn m bn c th chn.
70

13.3. Chn cc m hnh tham chiu, cc i tng v cm lp ghp ca m hnh tham chiu
Bn c th chn hoc l ton b cc m hnh tham chiu, hoc l cc i tng v cm lp
ghp n l mt phn ca mt m hnh tham chiu. S sng cc cng c la chn khc nhau trong
mi trng hp.
13.4. Chn ton b mt m hnh tham chiu
1. Kch hot cng c Select reference models
2. Kch hot cng c Select components
3. Chn m hnh tham chiu.

13.5. Chn i tng thuc mt m hnh tham chiu
2. Kch hot cng c Select object in components
3. Chn i tng mong mun trong m hnh tham chiu.

13.6. Chn cm lp ghp thuc mt m hnh tham chiu
2. Kch hot cng c Select assemblies
3. Chn cm lp ghp mong mun trong m hnh tham chiu.

13.7. Nu bn khng th chn c cc i tng
Nu bn khng th chng c cc i tng mong mun trong m hnh, kim tra cc
cng c la chn v cc thit lp v b lc.
1. Kim tra rng bn kch hot tt c cc cng c chn cn thit cha.
2. Nu bn vn khng th chn c cc i tng, kim tra cc thit lp v b lc chn
la.
Bn c th chn mt b lc khc hoc chnh sa b lc hin ti.
71
14. Chn i tng n

1. Chc chn rng cc cng c chn ng c kch hot.
2. Kch vo mt i tng chn n.
Tekla Structures hin th kch thc v cc ng kch thc cho i tng .
3. Nu bn mun n cc kch thc, s dng ty chn nng cao.
72
15. Chn nhiu i tng

Bn c th chn nhiu i tng bng cch s dng s la chn theo vng. Theo mc nh,
hng ko chut nh hng ti s la chn ca cc i tng.
2. chn tt c cc i tng m hon ton nm trong mt khu vc hnh ch nht, nhn
v gi phm tri chut ri ko chut t tri qua phi.
3. chn tt c cc i tng m c t nht mt phn nm trong mt khu vc hnh ch

nht, nhn v gi phm tri chut ri ko chut t phi qua tri.
4. Nu bn mun thay i cch thc m s la chn theo vng hot ng, trn trnh n
File, kch Settings v tch chn vo hp kim bn cnh nhn Crossing selection.
Theo mc nh, ty chn ny khng c kch hot. Khi ty chn ny khng c chn,
hng ko chut nh hng ti s la chn ca cc i tng. Khi ty chn ny c chn, tt c
cc i tng m c t nht mt phn nm trong khu vc hnh ch nht c chn, m khng quan
tm n hng ko ca chut.
73
16. Chn tt c cc i tng

chn tt c cc i tng cng mt lc, thc hin mt trong cc iu sau y:
- Trn di ribbon, kch vo biu tng tam gic nh mu en bn cnh nt bm
sau kch Select all objects.
, v
- Nhn t hp phm Ctrl + A.
74
17. Chn cc im x l
Thnh thong, bn cn ch chn mi cc im x l ca mt b phn, v d khi di chuyn
b phn. Trc khi bn bt u, chc chn rng Crossing selection khng c kch hot.
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings v chc chn rng hp kim bn cnh nhn Crossing
selection khng c tch chn.
3. Ko chut t tri qua phi chn b phn.
4. Nhn v gi phm Alt v ko chut t tri qua phi chn b phn mt ln na.
75
18. iu chnh s chn la

Bn c thm cc i tng ti s chn la hin ti, hoc g b cc i tng khi s chn
la .
1. thm cc i tng ti s chn la hin ti, nhn v gi phm Shift v chn thm
cc i tng.
2. bt hoc tt s chn ca mt i tng, nhn v gi phm Ctrl trong khi chn. Tekla
Strucutres b chn cc i tng m c chn v chn cc i tng khc m trc cha
c chn.
76
19. Sao chp v di chuyn cc i tng

Chc nng c bn ca vic sao chp v di chuyn cc i tng l nh nhau trong c ch
m hnh ha ln ch bn v. Bn c th sao chp v di chuyn cc i tng mt cch tuyn
tnh.
Cc i tng trng lp
Hai i tng c xem l trng lp nu chng c cng kch c v s nh hng. Tekla
Structures kim tra i vi cc i tng trng lp khi bn sao chp v di chuyn cc i tng
hoc to ra cc b phn mi trong cng mt v tr vi mt b phn hin c. Nu s trng lp c
tm thy, bn c th chn hoc l gi hoc l xa chng.
S dng ty chn nng cao xc nh s lng ti a ca cc i tng m c th c
tinh l trng lp trong khi sao chp hoc di chuyn cc i tng.
Lu : Tekla Structures khng kim tra i vi s trng lp khi bn sao chp cc i
tng bng cch s dng mt cng c m hnh ha, chng hn nh thnh phn Array of
Objects (29).
Cc cm lp ghp v khi c
Nu bn sao chp hoc di chuyn cc i tng t mt cm lp ghp hoc khi c, Tekla
Structures sao chp cu trc ca cm lp ghp nu c th. V d, cc cm lp ghp con c
sao chp l cc cc cm l ghp con nu mt i tng cha c tm thy.
Ct thp v lp ph b mt
Nu bn sao chp hoc di chuyn ct thp hoc lp ph b mt, v mun chng c sa
li cho ph hp vi b phn m chng c sao chp hoc di chuyn n.
- im x l ca ct thp hoc cc im x l ca lp ph b mt phi nm cc gc ca
b phn.
- Cc b phn c sao chp hoc di chuyn v b phn c sao chp hoc di chuyn ti
phi c cng s gc trn mt ct ngang.
- Cc b phn trn phi c cng kch thc mt ct ngang.
Cc i tng v
Bn c th sao chp v di chuyn cc i tng bn v gia cc khung nhn bn v c t l
khc nhau.
19.1. Sao chp cc i tng
Bn c th sao chp cc i tng bng nhiu cch khc nhau. Khi bn sao chp mt i
tng, Tekla Structures sao chp tt c cc i tng lin kt n n, bao gm c cc thnh phn.
* Sao chp cc i tng bng cng c Linear array tool
S dng cng c Linear array tool sao chp tuyn tnh cc i tng c chn dc
theo nhiu hng vi cc bc cch u nhau hoc khong cch c xc nh. Tekla
Structures khng kim tra s trng nhau khi bn sao chp cc i tng bng phng php ny.
77

S dng cng c Linear array tool nh th no
1. Kch vo nt bm Applications & components
danh mc Applications & components.
trn bng iu khin bn m
2. Tm kim Linear array tool, v sau kch p m n.

3. Chn ty chn trong hp chn cnh nhn Copy method. Cc ty chn l:
- Selected objects.
Ch nhng i tng c chn s c sao chp.
- All associated objects.
Cc i tng c chn v tt c cc i tng lin quan n chng c sao chp.
- Advanced.
Ty chn ny l tng t All associated objects, nhng hot ng tt hn vi cc s chnh
sa. V d, khi bn c i tng cu thang v cc lan can c hn ti cc bc, v bn mun chnh
sa khong cch gia cc bc.
4. Chn ty chn trong hp chn cnh nhn Copy origin. Cc ty chn l:
- Objects to be coppied.
V tr ca cc bn sao c lin quan ti v tr ca cc i tng c chn.
- Origin point.
V tr ca cc bn sao c lin quan ti im gc c chn ca mng bn sao.
5. Xc nh cc thit lp.
6. Chn cc i tng sao chp.
7. Bm nt OK ng hp thoi.
8. Kch phm gia chut.
9. Chn im gc ca mng bn sao.
10. Chn hng trc X ca mng.
11. Chn hng trc Y ca mng.
Cc i tng chn c sao chp.
Xc nh cc thit lp nh th no
78

1
Khong cch Offset gc ca mng (array) bn sao dc theo trc Y.
Khong cch Offset gc ca mng bn sao dc theo trc Z.
S lng bn sao.
Khong cch gia cc bn sao.

S dng du cch-phm Space ngn cch cc gi tr. Nhp mt gi tr cho tng
khong cch gia cc bn sao.
Ty chn ny l khng c sn nu bn chn Equal trong hp chn ngay bn
di v cch thc xc nh khong cch.
Hng sao chp. Cc ty chn l:

- Normal .
Cc gi tr khong cch c tnh t im gc ca mng bn sao theo hng
dng dc theo trc.
- Reverse.
Cc gi tr khong cch c tnh t im gc ca mng bn sao theo hng m
dc theo trc.
- Centerd.
Trng tm ca mng bn sao l im gc ca mng.
- Mirror.
Cc gi tr khong cch c tnh ton t gc ca mng bn sao trong c hng
dng v hng m. Ty chn ny lm tng gp i s lng bn sao.
Cc thc xc nh khong cch. Cc ty chn l:

- Equal.
Khong cch gia cc bn sao l bng nhau, khong cch ny ph thuc vo s
lng bn sao v chiu di t im gc n im chn xc nh hng trc
X, Y .
- Specified.
Khong cch gia cc bn sao ph thuc vo gi tr bn nhp mc 4 (trong
bng ny). Gi tr u tin l khong cch t bn sao u tin ti gc ca mng
bn sao.
* Sao chp cc i tng bng cng c Radial array tool

S dng cng c Radial array tool sao chp ng tm cc i tng c chn dc
theo nhiu hng vi cc bc cch u nhau hoc khong cch c xc nh. Tekla
Structures khng kim tra s trng nhau khi bn sao chp cc i tng bng phng php ny.
79

S dng cng c Radial array tool nh th no
2. Tm kim Radial array tool, v sau kch p m n.

3. Chn ty chn trong hp chn cnh nhn Copy method. Cc ty chn l:
- Selected objects.
Ch nhng i tng c chn s c sao chp.
- All associated objects.
Cc i tng c chn v tt c cc i tng lin quan n chng c sao chp.
- Advanced.
Ty chn ny l tng t All associated objects, nhng hot ng tt hn vi cc s chnh
sa. V d, khi bn c i tng cu thang v cc lan can c hn ti cc bc, v bn mun chnh
sa khong cch gia cc bc.
4. Chn ty chn trong hp chn cnh nhn Rotation copy.
- Yes: Xoay chiu cc bn sao.
- No: Khng xoay chiu cc bn sao.
5. Chn trc quay (l trc ca mt phng lm vic) trong hp chn c nhn Rotation axis.
6. Xc nh cc thit lp.
7. Chn cc i tng sao chp.
8. Bm nt OK ng hp thoi.
9. Kch phm gia chut.
10. Chn im gc ca mng bn sao.
11. Chn hng trc X ca mng.
12. Chn hng trc Y ca mng.
Cc i tng chn c sao chp.
Xc nh cc thit lp nh th no
80

1
Khong cch gia cc bn sao theo hng trc quay (hoc theo hng
ca trc Z ca mng bn sao).
Cc ty chn l:
- Angle.
V tr cc bn sao c xc nh bi gc tm quay.
- Distance.
V tr cc bn sao c xc nh bi khong cch.
S lng bn sao.
Gi tr gc tm hoc khong cch, ty thuc vo ty chn mc 2.

Nu bn ch nhp mt gi tr th cc bn sao cch u nhau.
Nu bn nhp nhiu gi tr th s dng du cch-space phn chia cc
gi tr, mi gi tr l 1 khong cch hoc gc tm gia hai bn sao k
nhau.
Hng sao chp. Cc ty chn l:

- Normal.
Cc bn sao c quay t chiu dng ca trc X ti chiu dng ca
trc Y v theo chiu dng ca trc Z ca mng (nu nhp gi tr khc 0
mc 1).
- Reverse.
Cc bn sao c quay t chiu dng ca trc X ti chiu m ca trc
Y v theo chiu m trc Z ca mng (nu nhp gi tr khc 0 mc 1).
- Centered.
Mt na cc bn sao c quay t chiu dng ca trc X ti chiu
dng ca trc Y v theo chiu dng trc Z ca mng (nu nhp gi tr
khc 0 mc 1), v na cn li cc bn sao c quay t chiu dng
ca trc X ti chiu m ca trc Y v theo chiu m trc Z ca mng.
- Mirror.
Bao gm c Normal v Reserse. Ty chn ny lm tng gp i s lng
bn sao.
Bn knh sao chp.

Bn knh sao chp nn bng vi khong cch t im gc ca mng bn
sao ti v tr ca bn gc.
Nu bn knh sao chp m ln hn hoc nh hn khong cch t im
gc ca mng sao chp ti bn gc, khong cch gia cc i tng sao
chp s khng ging nh gi tr c nhp trong hp nhp 4.
Tekla Structures tnh ton gc tm ca cc bn sao da trn gi tr
nhp hp nhp 4 v hp nhp 6 ( khong cch gia cc i tng v
bn knh sao chp c nhp). V sau t v tr cc bn sao da trn
gc tm c tnh ra ny v bn knh sao chp l khong cch t
im gc ca mng sao chp ti bn gc.
81

* Sao chp cc i tng bng thnh phn Array of objects (29)
S dng thnh phn Array of objects (29) sao chp cc i tng m hnh dc theo mt
ng thng. Nu bn chnh sa i tng gc, Tekla Structures cng thay i cc bn sao ca
n.
2. Tm kim thnh phn Array of objects (29), v sau kch p m n.

3. Xc nh cc thit lp:
- Number of copies: Nhp s lng bn sao m bn mun to ra.
- Spacing values: Xc nh khong cch gia cc bn sao.
- Copy to the opposite direction: Chn Yes nu bn mun sao chp trong hng i din
vi cc im m bn chn.
- Start point for copying:
+ Object to be copied: V tr ca cc bn sao lin quan ti v tr ca bn gc.
+ First input point: V tr lin quan n im u tin c chn.
- Copy at equal distances: Chn Yes nu bn mun to ra cc bn sao cch u nhau v
khong cch gia chng ph thuc vo s lng bn sao v khong cch gia hai im c chn.
Gi tr trong hp nhp Spacing values b b qua.
4. Bm nt OK lu cc thit lp.
5. Chn cc i tng mun sao chp.
6. Bm phm gia chut kt thc vic chn.
7. Chn mt im ch ra im bt u ca ng thng m cc bn sao c sp xp
dc theo n.
8. Chn mt im ch ra im kt thc ca ng thng .
V d:
Sao chp mt b phn.
Sao chp mt thnh phn.

82
* Sao chp bng cch chn hai im

Cch c bn sao chp cc i tng trong ch m hnh ha hoc bn v l bng cch
xc nh im gc v mt hoc nhiu im n.
1. Chn i tng bn mun sao chp.
2. Chy lnh Copy:
- Trong ch m hnh ha, trn tab Edit, kch
- Trong ch bn v, trn tab Drawing, kch Copy
Copy.
--> Copy.
3. Chn im gc cho vic sao chp.
4. Chn mt hoc nhiu im n.
Cc i tng c sao chp ngay lp tc. Lnh Copy vn ang hot ng.
83
5. Nu bn mun hon tc hnh ng to ra bn sao chp gn y nht, kch vo nt Undo

trn gc bn tri ca ca s chnh Tekla Structures.
Lnh Copy vn cn ang hot ng.
6. dng vic sao chp, nhn phm Esc.
* Sao chp tuyn tnh
Trong ch m hnh, bn c th to ra nhiu bn sao ca mt i tng trong cng mt
hng tuyn tnh.
1. Chn cc i tng m bn mun sao chp.
2. Trn tab Edit, kch
Copy special --> Linear.
Hp thoi Copy-Linear special m ra.

3. Chn hai im, hoc nhp cc ta trong hp nhp cnh nhn dX, dY v dZ.
Bn cng c th s dng cng thc tnh ton khong cch sao chp theo hng x, y v
z. V d:
4. Nhp s lng bn sao.
5. Bm nt Copy.
6. dng vic sao chp, nhn phm Esc.
Mo: Nu hp thoi ny ang m ra nhng lnh khng cn hot ng, kch vo nt Pick
kch hot lnh hot ng tr li.
* Sao chp bng cch xc nh mt khong cch t im gc
Bn c th sao chp cc i tng ti mt v tr mi trong ch m hnh hoc ch bn
v bng cch xc nh mt khong cch t im gc. S dng hp thoi Enter a Numeric
Location xc nh khong cch ny.
1. Chn i tng bn mun sao chp.
2. Chy lnh Copy:
- Trong ch bn v, trn tab Drawing, kch Copy
Copy.
--> Copy.
84

3. Chn im gc cho vic sao chp.
4. Di chuyn con tr chut trong hng m bn mun sao chp cc i tng, nhng khng
c chn im.
5. G khong cch.
Khi bn bt u g, Tekla Structures hin th hp thoi Enter a Numeric Location mt
cch t ng.
6. Bm nt OK.
* Sao chp bng cch s dng thao tc ko v th
Bn c th sao chp cc i tng bng cch ko chng ti mt v tr mi.
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings v tch chn hp kim Drag & drop kch hot lnh.
3. Nhn v gi phm Ctrl, v di chuyn chut ln i tng, kch v ko i tng ti v
tr mi. Ch l khng kch hot cng c Direct modification.
Lu : sao chp cc nhn ca li trong ch bn v, u tin chn nhn ca li v
sau hoc l kch hot cng c Select grid line hoc chn im x l ca nhn li.
* Sao chp cc i tng ti i tng khc
Trong ch m hnh ha, bn c th sao chp cc i tng t mt i tng ny ti cc
i tng khc tng t. iu ny l hu ch, v d, khi bn chi tit ha cc b phn c m
hnh ha trc . Cc i tng m bn c th sao chp gia chng c th c cc kch thc,
chiu di v gc quay khc nhau.
1. Chn cc i tng m bn mun sao chp (v d, ct thp ca mt mng).
Copy special --> To another object.
3. Chn i tng sao chp t ( i tng ngun)

4. Chn cc i tng sao chp ti (i tng ch).
* Sao chp tt c cc ni dung ti i tng khc
Trong ch m hnh, bn c th sao chp cc i tng t mt cm lp ghp hoc khi
c ti cc cm lp ghp hoc khi c tng t m khng phi chn ring tng i tng sao
chp. iu ny l hu ch, v d, khi bn chi tit ha mt cm lp ghp v mun sao chp tt
c cc chi tit ny ti cc cm lp ghp tng t khc.
1. Chc chn rng cng c Select assemblies c kch hot.
2. Chn cm lp ghp hoc khi c sao chp t (i tng ngun).
Copy special --> All content to another object.
4. Chn cc cm lp ghp hoc khi c sao chp ti (i tng ch).

Kt qu l Tekla Structures sao chp cc i tng sau y:
- Cc b phn th cp.
- Ct thp, cc bu lng v cc mi hn.
- Cc i tng ct, phn lm y, v cc ln gc trn cnh.
- Cc thnh phn.
85

Lu : Tekla Structures khng sao chp cc ng phn chia cc t -pour break, hoc
cc b phn th cp c to ra bi thnh phn m cng to ra b phn chnh ca cm lp
ghp. Nu mt s i tng s c sao chp tn ti trong cm lp ghp hoc khi c
c sao chp ti, Tekla Structures c th to ra cc i tng trng lp. Tekla
Structures cnh bo bn v cc b phn th cp, ct thp v cc cm lp ghp con trng
lp, nhng khng cnh bo v cc bu lng, mi hn, i tng ct hoc cc thnh phn
trng lp.
* Sao chp ti mt phng khc
Trong ch m hnh ha, bn c th sao chp cc i tng t mt phng u tin m
bn m hnh ha trn ti mt phng th hai ( v th ba). V tr tng i ca cc bn sao trn
mt phng th hai ( v th ba) gi nguyn nh v tr tng i ca cc bn gc trn mt phng
u tin.
Copy special --> To another plan.
3. Chn mt im gc cho vic sao chp trn mt phng u tin.

4. Chn mt im trn mt phng u tin ch ra hng dng ca trc x cho vic sao
chp.
5. Chn mt im trn mt phng u tin ch ra hng dng ca trc y cho vic sao
chp.
6. Lp li cc bc t 3-5 cho tt c cc mt phng c sao chp ti.
* Sao chp t m hnh khc
Bn c th sao chp cc i tng t cc m hnh khc. Tekla Structures ch sao chp cc
b phn th cp t cc m hnh nu chng thuc v cng giai on vi b phn chnh ca
chng. iu ny p dng cho c cc b phn c m hnh ha v b phn c to ra bi thnh
phn.
Copy special --> From the another model.
Hp thoi Copy from Model xut hin.

2. Trong danh sch lit k di nhn Model directories, chn m hnh m bn mun sao
chp t .
3. Nhp s hiu ca giai on m bn mun sao chp cc i tng trong hp nhp cnh
nhn Phase numbers. S dng du cch space phn tch cc giai on.
V d: 2 7, sao chp cc i tng t giai on 2 v 7.
4. Bm nt Copy.
5. ng hp thoi.
19.2. Di chuyn cc i tng
Bn c th di chuyn cc i tng bng nhiu cch khc nhau, c bit trong ch m
hnh ha. Khi bn di chuyn mt i tng, Tekla Structures cng sao chp tt c cc i tng
lin kt ti n.
* Di chuyn bng cch chn hai im
Cc c bn di chuyn cc i tng trong ch m hnh ha hoc bn v l bng cch
xc nh im gc v mt im n.
86

1. Chn i tng m bn mun di chuyn.
2. Chy lnh Move:
Move.

- Trong ch bn v, trn tab Edit, kch
Move --> Move.
3. Chn im gc cho vic di chuyn.
4. Chn mt im n.
i tng c di chuyn ngay lp t. Lnh Move khng cn hot ng.

* Di chuyn tuyn tnh
Bn c th di chuyn tuyn tnh cc i tng ti mt v tr mi trong m hnh.
1. Chn cc i tng m bn mun di chuyn.
Move special --> Linear.
Hp thoi Move-Linear xut hin.

3. Chn hai im trong m hnh, hoc nhp cc ta trong cc hp nhp cnh nhn dX,
dY v dZ.
Bn cng c th s dng cng thc tnh ton dch chuyn theo phng x, y v z. V
d:
4. Bm nt Move.
Lu : Nu hp thoi ny ang m nhng lnh khng cn hot ng na, kch vo nt
Pick kch hot lnh hot ng tr li.
* Di chuyn bng cch cc nh mt khong cch t im gc
Bn c th di chuyn cc i tng ti mt v tr mi trong ch m hnh ha hoc bn
v bng cch xc nh mt khong cch t im gc. S dng hp thoi Enter a Numeric
Location xc nh khong cch.
87

2. Chy lnh Move.
Move.

- Trong ch bn v, trn tab Edit, kch
Move --> Move.
3. Chn im gc cho vic di chuyn.

4. Di chuyn con tr chut trong hng m bn mun di chuyn cc i tng, nhng
khng c chn im.
5. G khong cch.
Khi bn bt u g, Tekla Structures hin th hp thoi Enter a Numeric Location mt
cch t ng.
6. Bm nt OK.
* Di chuyn bng cch s dng thao tc ko v th
Bn c th di chuyn cc i tng bng cch ko chng ti mt v tr mi.
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings v tch chn hp kim Drag & drop kch hot lnh.
3. Nhn v gi phm Ctrl, v di chuyn chut ln i tng, kch v ko i tng ti v
tr mi. Ch l khng kch hot cng c Direct modification.
4. di chuyn u ca mt i tng, chn im x l, nhn v gi phm tri chut, v
ko im x l ti v tr mi. Ch l kch hot cng c Direct modification. i vi mt s i
tng, bn c th cn phi kch hot cng c Smart select ko cc im x l m khng phi
chn chng trc. kch hot n, trn trnh n File, kch Settings v tch chn vo hp kim
trc nhn Smart select.
Lu : di chuyn cc nhn ca li trong ch bn v, u tin chn nhn ca li
v sau hoc l kch hot cng c Select grid line hoc chn im x l ca nhn li.
* Di chuyn ti mt phng khc
Trong ch m hnh ha, bn c th di chuyn cc i tng t mt phng u tin m
bn m hnh ha trn ti mt phng th hai. V tr tng i ca cc i tng trn mt phng
th hai gi nguyn nh v tr tng i ban u ca chng trn mt phng u tin.
Move special --> To another plane.
3. Chn mt im gc cho vic di chuyn trn mt phng u tin.

4. Chn mt im trn mt phng u tin ch ra hng dng ca trc x cho vic di
chuyn.
5. Chn mt im trn mt phng u tin ch ra hng dng ca trc y cho vic di
chuyn.
6. Lp li cc bc t 3-5 cho mt phng c di chuyn ti.
88

* Di chuyn cc i tng ti i tng khc
Trong ch m hnh ha, bn c th di chuyn cc i tng t mt i tng ny ti
cc i tng khc tng t. iu ny l hu ch, v d, khi bn chi tit ha cc b phn c
m hnh ha trc . Cc i tng m bn di chuyn gia chng c th c cc kch thc, chiu
di v gc quay khc nhau.
Move special --> To another object.
3. Chn i tng m di chuyn t ( i tng ngun).

4. Chn i tng di chuyn ti ( i tng ch).
19.3. Xoay cc i tng
Bn c th sao chp hoc di chuyn mt i tng trong ch m hnh bng cch xoay
n quanh mt ng thng bt k no m bn chn. Trong ch bn v, bn c th sao chp
hoc di chuyn mt i tng bng cch xoay n quanh mt ng thng c th trong mt phng
lm vic.
Lu : Gc xoay dng tun theo qui tc bn tay phi ( cng chiu kim ng h khi nhn
t im bt u ca trc quay).
* Xoay quanh mt ng thng
S dng ty chn Line ca hp chn Around trong hp thoi Rotation khi bn mun sao
chp v xoay, hoc di chuyn v xoay cc i tng quanh mt ng thng c th bt k no
trong ch m hnh.
1. Chn cc i tng m bn mun sao chp hoc di chuyn.
2. Kch hot lnh xoay.
- sao chp v xoay, ti tab Edit v kch
Copy special --> Rotate.
Hp thoi Copy-Rotation m ra.

- di chuyn v xoay, ti tab Edit v kch
Move special --> Rotate.
Hp thoi Move-Rotation m ra.

3. Trong danh sch lit k ca hp chn Around, chn Line.
4. Chn im bt u ca trc xoay, hoc nhp ta ca n.
5. Chn im cui ca trc xoay, hoc nhp ta ca n.
6. Nu bn ang sao chp, nhp s lng bn sao.
7. Nu cn thit, nhp gi tr trong hp nhp cnh nhn dZ, y l s khc nhau v v tr
gia bn gc v bn sao theo hng z ( hng ca trc xoay).
8. Nhp gc xoay (hay gc tm) trong hp nhp cnh nhn Angle.
9. Bm nt Copy hoc Move.
V d:
Trong v d ny, mt tm m t sn trong b tng c sao chp v xoay quanh mt
ng thng xy dng c cc ta nh sau y:
89
Kt qu l cc bn sao ca bn m t sn trong b tng i theo ng cong ca tm tng

b tng.
* Xoay quanh trc z

S dng ty chn Z trong hp chn c nhn Around ca hp thoi Rotate khi bn mun
sao chp v xoay, hoc di chuyn v xoay cc i tng quanh trc z trong ch m hnh ha.
1. Chn cc i tng m bn mun sao chp hoc di chuyn. V d:

- sao chp v xoay, ti tab Edit v kch

90

- di chuyn v xoay, ti tab Edit v kch

3. Trong danh sch lit k ca hp chn Around, chn Line.
4. Chn mt im xc nh trc xoay hoc nhp cc ta ca n.
Trong v d di y, biu tng ch thp mu ch ra im c chn.

6. Nu cn thit, nhp gi tr trong hp nhp cnh nhn dZ, y l s khc nhau v v tr
gia bn gc v bn sao theo hng z ( hng ca trc xoay).
7. Nhp gc xoay (hay gc tm) trong hp nhp cnh nhn Angle. V d:
* Xoay cc i tng trong ch bn v

S dng ty chn ny khi bn mun xoay cc i tng v trong mt phng lm vic.
- sao chp v xoay, ti tab Drawing v kch

91

- di chuyn v xoay, ti tab Drawing v kch

3. Chn mt im xc nh tm xoay hoc nhp cc ta ca n.
5. Nhp gc xoay (hay gc tm) trong hp nhp cnh nhn Angle.
19.4. i xng cc i tng
Khi bn sao chp hoc di chuyn cc i tng, bn c th i xng chng qua mt mt
phng m vung gc vi mt phng lm vic hoc i qua mt ng thng m bn chi nh.
Lu rng Tekla Structures khng th to ra cc bn sao i xng ca cc thuc tnh ca
thnh phn. Lnh Copy special --> Mirror khng hon ton i xng cc i tng nu chng bao
gm cc thnh phn m cha ng, v d, cc b phn c t bt i xng.
* i xng cc i tng trong ch m hnh
S dng phng php ny sao chp v i xng, hoc di chuyn v i xng cc i
tng trong ch m hnh ha.
2. Kch hot lnh i xng.
- sao chp v i xng, ti tab Edit v kch
Copy special --> Mirror.
Hp thoi Copy-Mirror m ra.

- di chuyn v i xng, ti tab Edit v kch
Move special --> Mirror.
Hp thoi Move-Mirror m ra.

3. Chn im bt u ca mt phng i xng, hoc nhp ta ca n.
4. Chn im cui ca mt phng i xng, hoc nhp ta ca n.
* i xng cc i tng trong ch bn v
S dng phng php ny sao chp v i xng, hoc di chuyn v i xng cc i
tng trong ch bn v.
2. Kch hot lnh i xng.
- sao chp v i xng, ti tab Drawing v kch
Copy special --> Mirror.
Hp thoi Copy-Mirror m ra.

- di chuyn v i xng, ti tab Drawing v kch
Move special --> Mirror.
Hp thoi Move-Mirror m ra.

3. Chn im bt u ca mt phng i xng, hoc nhp ta ca n.
4. Chn im cui ca mt phng i xng, hoc nhp ta ca n.
92
20. Lc cc i tng
S dng cc b lc hn ch nhng th c th c chn hoc nhng th c nhn thy
trong mt khung nhn. V d, bn c th to ra mt b lc chn la cho php bn ch chn nhng
i tng m c cc c im nht nh. iu ny c th hu ch khi bn mun thc hin mt hot
ng trn nhiu i tng ti cng mt thi im.
Bn c th to ra cc b lc ca ring bn, hoc bn c th s dng bt k b lc tiu chun
no c sn trong Tekla Structures.
20.1. S dng cc b lc hin c
Trc khi bn bt u to ra cc b lc ty chnh ca ring bn, hy kim tra cc b lc
sn c trong Tekla Structures.
* Lm th no s dng mt b lc khung nhn
S dng cc b lc khung nhn xc nh nhng i tng no c hin th trong mt
khung nhn m hnh.
1. Kch p vo khung nhn m hp thoi View Properties.
2. Chn mt b lc t danh sch lit k trong hp chn cnh nhn Visible object group.
3. Bm nt Modify.
Nu bn khng nhn thy tt c cc i tng mong mun, lu rng vng lm vic,
su ca khung nhn, cc thit lp v khung nhn v cc thit lp v s trnh by ca i tng cng
nh hng ti s nhn thy ca cc i tng.
* Lm th no s dng mt b lc la chn
S dng cc b lc la chn chn cc i tng trong mt m hnh.
1. Trn thanh cng c Selecting, chn mt b lc t danh sch lit k trong hp chn:
By gi, ch nhng i tng c xc nh bi b lc mi c th c chn.

2. Chn cc i tng mong mun trong m hnh.
Lu rng bn ch c th chn cc i tng c nhn thy trong khung nhn. Nu bn
khng th chn c tt c i tng c xc nh bi b lc la chn, kim tra xem bn kch
hot tt c cc cng c la chn cn thit cha.
20.2. To ra cc b lc mi
Bn c th to ra cc b lc ty chnh xem v la chn cc i tng trong c ch
m hnh v bn v.
* To ra mt b lc khung nhn
Bn c th to ra cc b lc khung nhn ty chnh ca ring bn xc nh nhng i
tng no c hin th trong mt m hnh.
1. Kch p ln khung nhn m hp thoi View Properties.
2. Bm nt Object group m hp thoi Object Group View Filter.
3. Chnh sa cc thit lp ca b lc.
a. Nu bn mun g b tt c cc qui tc lc hin c, Bm nt New filter.
b. Kch nt Add row thm mt qui tc lc mi.
c. Chn cc ty chn t cc danh sch lit k trong cc thuc ct c nhn Category,
Property, v Condition.
93

d. Trong danh sch lit k ca thuc ct c nhn Value, nhp mt gi tr hoc chn mt
gi tr t m hnh.
e. Thm cc quy tc lc na, v s dng ty chn trong thuc ct c nhn And/Or hoc
) to ra cc qui tc phc tp hn.
4. Tch chn vo hp kim bn cnh tt c cc quy tc lc m bn mun kch hot.
Cc hp kim ny xc nh nhn quy tc lc no c kch hot v c hiu lc.
5. Xc nh loi ca b lc.
a. Kch
hin th cc thit lp lu tr cao cp.
b. Tch chn hoc b tch chn khi cc hp chn xc nh ni m b lc s c nhn

thy.
V d, bn c th to ra mt b lc m c th c s dng cho c b lc khung nhn ln
b lc la chn.
6. Nhp mt ci tn trong hp nhp cnh nt Save as.
7. Bm nt Save as lu b lc.
* To ra mt b lc la chn
Bn c th to ra cc b lc ty chnh ca ring bn gip bn chn cc i tng trong
mt m hnh.
1. Trn thanh cng c Selecting, kch
m hp thoi Object Group-Selection Filter.
2. Chnh sa cc thit lp ca b lc.

a. Nu bn mun g b tt c cc qui tc lc hin c, Bm nt New filter.
b. Kch nt Add row thm mt qui tc lc mi.
c. Chn cc ty chn t cc danh sch lit k trong cc thuc ct c nhn Category,
d. Trong danh sch lit k ca thuc ct c nhn Value, nhp mt gi tr hoc chn mt
gi tr t m hnh.
e. Thm cc quy tc lc na, v s dng ty chn trong thuc ct c nhn And/Or hoc
) to ra cc qui tc phc tp hn.
a. Kch

thy.
V d, bn c th to ra mt b lc la chn m c th c s dng cho c ch m
hnh ha ln ch bn v.
94

* To ra mt b lc bn v
i vi cc bn v b tr tng th-General arrangement drawing, bn c th to ra cc b
lc bn v m nh hng ti ton b bn v ch khng ch l mt khung nhn c th.
Bn c th s dng cc b lc bn v cng vi cc tp tin thuc tnh i tng c lu
khi to ra v p dng cc thit lp v cp i tng trong ton b bn v. V d, bn c th to
ra mt b lc m chn tt c cc dm, sau lu mt tp tin thuc tnh i tng m xc nh
mu sc ca b phn l mu xanh da tri, v sau to ra v p dng dng mt tp tin thit lp v
cp i tng m thay i tt c cc dm sang mu xanh da tri trong ton b bn v.
1. Trn tab Drawing, kch Properties --> Drawing.
2. Kch vo nt Filter.
3. Chnh sa cc thit lp v b lc.
- g b tt c cc qui tc lc hin c, Bm nt New filter.
- Kch nt Add row thm mt qui tc lc mi.
- Chn cc ty chn t cc danh sch lit k trong cc thuc ct c nhn Category,
V d, to ra mt b lc bn v cho cc b phn, chn Parts trong ct Category, Name
trong ct Property, Equals trong ct Condition.
- Trong danh sch lit k ca thuc ct c nhn Value, nhp mt gi tr hoc chn mt
i tng yu cu t bn v.
V d, chn mt b phn t bn v.
- Bn c th thm cc dng quy tc, v s dng ty chn trong thuc ct c nhn And/Or
hoc ) to ra cc qui tc phc tp hn.
a. Kch

thy.
V d, bn c th to ra mt b lc m c th c s dng cho tt c cc loi bn v hoc
ch cho loi bn v hin ti, hoc mt b lc m c th c s dng trong tt c cc bn v v
trong Organizer.
8. Bm nt Cancel ng hp thoi lc.
* To ra mt b lc khung nhn bn v
Bn c th to ra cc b lc khung nhn ty chnh ca ring bn gip bn chn mt
nhm c th ca cc i tng c quan st trong mt khung nhn bn v. V d, bn c th s
dng cc b lc ny thay i s xut hin ca mt nhm i tng nht nh, hoc chn
nhng i tng no c hin th trong mt khung nhn bn v. Bn cng c th s dng chng
trong vic to ra cc thit lp v cp i tng c chi tit ha m bn c th p dng trong
cc khung nhn c chn.
Bn c th s dng cc b lc bn v cng vi cc tp tin thuc tnh i tng c lu
khi to ra v p dng cc thit lp v cp i tng trong khung nhn c chn. V d, bn c
95

th to ra mt b lc khung nhn m chn tt c cc ct trong mt khung nhn, sau lu mt tp
tin thuc tnh i tng m xc nh mu sc ca b phn l mu , v sau to ra v p dng
dng mt tp tin thit lp v cp i tng m thay i tt c cc ct sang mu trong khung
nhn c chn.
1. M mt bn v.
2. Kch p vo khung ca khung nhn.
3. Kch vo nt Filter.
4. Chnh sa cc thit lp v b lc.
- g b tt c cc qui tc lc hin c, Bm nt New filter.
- Kch nt Add row thm mt qui tc lc mi.
- Chn cc ty chn t cc danh sch lit k trong cc thuc ct c nhn Category,
V d, to ra mt b lc bn v cho cc b phn, chn Parts trong ct Category.
- Trong danh sch lit k ca thuc ct c nhn Value, nhp mt gi tr hoc chn mt
i tng yu cu t bn v.
- Bn c th thm cc dng quy tc, v s dng ty chn trong thuc ct c nhn And/Or
hoc ) to ra cc qui tc phc tp hn.
a. Kch

thy.
V d, bn c th to ra mt b lc m c th c s dng cho tt c cc loi bn v hoc
ch cho loi bn v hin ti, hoc mt b lc m c th c s dng trong tt c cc bn v v
trong Organizer.
* Cc gi tr c th trong vic lc
Bn c th to ra cc b lc m cha ng nhiu cc thuc tnh. Bn cng c th c nhiu
gi tr lc cho tng thuc tnh. Bng cch s dng cc iu kin - ct Condition, du ngoc - ct )
v ty chn And hoc Or ct And/Or bn c th to ra cc b lc phc tp nht c th.
Cc gi tr b trng l tng xng vi cc thuc tnh b trng trong vic lc.
Nu bn s dng nhiu gi tr, ngn cch cc chui bi du cch- phm Space ( v d, 12
5). Nu mt gi tr gm nhiu chui, t ton b gi tr trong du ngoc kp ( v d, custom
panel) hoc s dng mt du hi ( v d, custom?panel) thay th khong trng.
Lu : Khi bn to ra cc quy tc lc gia cc i tng m c thit lp Category khc
nhau, s dng ty chn And khi c th trnh cc vn tim nng vi cc quy tc phc
tp hn.
96

Cc c tnh mu trong cc b lc
Bn c th chn cc i tng theo cc c tnh mu. lm iu , chn Template t
danh sch lit k trong ct Category, v sau chn cc c tnh mu mong mun t danh sch
lit trong ct Property.
S dng cc n v sau y khi lc cc c tnh mu, thm ch khi s dng mi trng US
Imperial.
- mm cho chiu di.
- mm2 cho din tch.
- kg cho trng lng.
- degree cho gc.
Mo: kim tra xem loi n v no m Tekla Structures s dng cho mt c tnh
mu c th, s dng ty chn Select from model trong danh sch lit k ca ct Value.
20.3. Cc v d v b lc
Di y l mt s v d v b lc m bn c th to ra. Cc k thut chung v lc c th
c s dng cho c b lc khung nhn ln b lc la chn.
* Lc cc dm v ct
To ra mt b lc da trn tn cc i tng.
1. To ra mt b lc trng khng v khung nhn hoc la chn.
2. Kch nt Add row hai ln thm hai dng mi.
3. in trong tn ca cc i tng trong ct Value, BEAM v COLUMN.
4. Chn ty chn Or trong ct And/Or. B lc by gi tm kim cc i tng c tn
(Name) l BEAM hoc COLUMN.
6. Bm nt Save as.
* Lc cc b phn trong cc giai on c th

To ra mt b lc da trn s hiu giai on ca cc i tng.
2. Kch nt Add row thm dng mi.
3. Trong danh sch lit k ca ct Property chn Phase.
4. in trong s hiu giai on ca b phn trong ct Value, 1 v 2.
Tch cc chui bi du cch phm Space.
6. Bm nt Save as.
B lc tm kim cc b phn thuc giai on 1 v 2.

97

* Lc b cc b phn m c mt tit din ngang c th
Nu bn ch mun chn cc b phn no , lc b cc b phn cn li.
3. Trong danh sch lit k ca ct Property chn Profile.
4. in tit din mt ct ngang trong ct Value, BL200*20.
5. Chn Does not equal trong danh sch lit k ca ct Condition.
7. Bm nt Save as.
B lc lc b cc b phn c tit din mt ct ngang l BL200*200.

* Lc cc cm lp ghp v cc khi c
To ra mt b lc da trn loi ca cm lp ghp hoc khi c.
3. Trong danh sch lit k ca ct Category chn Assembly.
4. Trong danh sch lit k ca ct Property chn Assembly type.
5. Trong ct Value, nhp s hiu ca loi cm lp ghp hoc khi c, hoc s dng ty
chn Select from model chn mt gi tr t m hnh.
Value
Loi cm lp ghp-khi c
Precast-Kt cu b tng c sn.
Cast in place- Kt cu b tng ti ch.
Steel-Kt cu thp.
Timber-Kt cu g.
Miscellaneous-Hn hp.

7. Bm nt Save as.
* Lc cc cm lp ghp con
To ra mt b lc chn hoc xem cc b phn m thuc v mt cm lp ghp con.
98

3. Trong danh sch lit k ca ct Category chn Template.
4. Trong danh sch lit k ca ct Property chn ASSEMBLY.HIERARCHY_LEVEL.
5. Trong danh sch lit k ca ct Condition, chn Does not equal.
6. Trong ct Value, nhp 0.
8. Bm nt Save as.
* Lc b cc m hnh tham chiu

Nu bn ch mun cc m hnh tham chiu no c nhn thy trong khung nhn m
hnh, lc b cc m hnh tham chiu cn li da trn s hiu ID ca chng.
3. Trong danh sch lit k ca ct Category chn Reference object.
4. Trong danh sch lit k ca ct Property chn Id number.
5. Trong danh sch lit k ca ct Condition, chn Does not equal.
6. Trong ct Value, nhp cc s hiu ID ca cc m hnh tham chiu m bn mun n i.
n nhiu m hnh tham chiu, phn tch cc s ID ca chng bi phm cch.
8. Bm nt Save as.
* Lc b cc thuc tnh ca i tng thuc m hnh tham chiu

To ra mt b lc da trn cc thuc tnh ca i tng thuc m hnh tham chiu.
3. Trong danh sch lit k ca ct Category chn Template.
4. Trong danh sch lit k ca ct Property, chn c tnh mu yu cu, c tnh c tin t
l EXTERNAL.
5. Trong danh sch lit k ca ct Condition, chn Equal.
6. Trong ct Value, chn Select from model v chn i tng yu cu trong m hnh.
8. Bm nt Save as.
99

20.4. Sao chp mt b lc ti m hnh khc
Bn c th sao chp cc b lc hin c ti mt m hnh c th khc hoc tt c m hnh
khc.
1. Chn b lc m bn mun sao chp.
Cc b lc m bn to ra c t ti th mc Attributes bn trong th mc ca m hnh
hin hnh. Cc b lc khung nhn c phn tn m rng ca tp tin l *.VObjGrp, v cc b lc
la chn c phn tn m rng ca tp tin l *.SObjGrp.
2. lm cho b lc c sn trong m hnh khc, sao chp tp tin ti th mc Attributes
bn trong th mc ca m hnh .
3. lm cho b lc c sn trong tt c cc m hnh khc, sao chp tp tin ti th mc d
n hoc th mc cng ty, sau xc nh bng ty chn nng cao.
4. Khi ng li Tekla Structures.
20.5. Xa mt b lc
Bn c th xa cc b lc khi th mc Attributes ca m hnh.
1. Xa b lc c t trong th mc Attributes bn trong th mc ca m hnh hin hnh.
Cc b lc khung nhn c phn tn m rng ca tp tin l *.VObjGrp, v cc b lc la
chn c phn tn m rng ca tp tin l *.SObjGrp.
2. Khi ng li Tekla Structues.
100
21. Chp nh mn hnh

Mt bc nh chp mn hnh l mt hnh nh ca mt khung nhn m hnh hoc khung nhn
bn v. Bn c th s dng cc bc nh chp mn hnh trong cc p phch, t ri hoc cc t liu
khc cho thy cc d n c thc hin bng cch s dng Tekla Structures.
Theo mc nh, cc bc nh chp mn hnh c lu trong th mc \screenshots bn
trong th mc ca m hnh hin hnh vi tn l snap_xx.png.
21.1. Chp nh mn hnh ca mt m hnh
Bn c th chp nh mn hnh ca cc khung nhn m hnh.
1. M mt m hnh v iu chnh khung nhn m hnh theo cc yu cu ca bn.
V d, n hnh hp i din cho vng lm vic nu bn khng mun th hin n.
Screenshot --> Screenshot.
3. Nu bn c rt nhiu khung nhn m hnh, kch nt Pick view v chn khung nhn
chp nh mn hnh t .
4. chnh sa cc thit lp, kch nt Options.
a. Xc nh chiu rng, chiu cao v phn gii-DPI ca bc nh chp mn hnh.
b. Bm nt OK lu cc thay i.
5. Xc nh mt ci tn v ni t cho bc nh chp mn hnh.
Chn Print to file v nhp mt ci tn m t cho bc nh chp mn hnh trong hp nhp
cnh nhn File name.
Bn cng c th thay i ton b ng dn m lu bc nh chp mn hnh. Nu bn
khng mun lm iu , bn c th gi li cc gi tr mc nh i vi ng dn v tn tp tin.
6. Tch chn vo hp kim bn cnh nhn Show with associated viewer xem bc nh
chp mn hnh trong mt ng dng ca h iu hnh m c mc nh dng xem loi tp tin
nh ny.
7. Bm nt Capture.
21.2. Chp nh mn hnh ca mt bn v
Mt bc nh chp mn hnh bn v l mt hnh nh ca mt khung nhn bn v c m
vi c hoc khng c cc ng bao.
1. M mt bn v v iu chnh khung nhn bn v theo cc yu cu ca bn.
V d, xa cc k hiu hoc ng kch thc khng cn thit, v n cc b phn khng
cn thit i.
3. Thc hin mt trong cc iu sau:

- Chn View chp nh mn hnh ca bn v ang m vi cc ng bao ca ca s.
- Chn View without borders chp nh mn hnh ca bn v ang m khng c cc
ng bao ca ca s.
4. Bn di ty chn c chn trc Print to file, nhp mt ci tn m t cho bc nh
chp mn hnh trong hp nhp cnh nhn File name.
101

Bn cng c th thay i ton b ng dn m lu bc nh chp mn hnh. Nu bn
khng mun lm iu , bn c th gi li cc gi tr mc nh i vi ng dn v tn tp tin.
5. Tch chn vo hp kim bn cnh nhn Show with associated viewer xem bc nh
chp mn hnh trong mt ng dng ca h iu hnh m c mc nh dng xem loi tp tin
nh ny.
6. Bm nt Capture.
21.3. Lu mt bc nh chp mn hnh nh dng bitmap
Theo mc nh, cc bc nh chp mn hnh c to ra l cc tp tin *.png ( Portable
Network Graphics).
Bn cng c th lu mt bc nh chp nh mn hnh nh dng bitmap (*.bmp) s
dng chng, v d, l hnh thu nh ca mt thnh phn ty chnh.
2. Chn Place on clipboard.

3. Bm nt Capture.
4. Dn bc nh chp mn hnh ny trong ng dng son tho ha ca bn v lu n
nh dng *.bmp.
Lu : ng dng m bn c th s dng m bc nh chp mn hnh ny c th c s
gii hn ti s lng cc im nh.
102
22. Cc mo cho cc cng vic c bn

Di y chng ti cung cp cc gi v cc mo hu ch gip bn s dng giao din
ngi dng ca Tekla Structures v cc tnh nng c bn ca n hiu qu hn.
22.1. Bt hoc tt ch Rollover highlight
Theo mc nh, Tekla Structures lm ni bt cc i tng bi mu vng, cho bn c
th d dng nhn thy nhng i tng m bn c th chn. Bn c th bt hoc tt ch lm ni
bt ny.
Trn trnh n File, kch Settings v tch chn hoc b tch chn khi hp kim cnh nhn
Roller highlight. Ngoi ra, bn c th nhn phm H.
22.2. Chn cc gi tr t m hnh

Bn c th chn cc thuc tnh ca i tng v cc ngy thng trc tip t m hnh. iu
ny c th hu ch khi to ra cc b lc khung nhn, cc b lc la chn, v cc nhm i tng.
Trc khi bt u, to ra mt b lc khung nhn hoc b lc la chn hoc mt nhm i
tng trng (khng c g).
1. To ra mt b lc khung nhn hoc b lc la chn hoc mt nhm i tng trng.
2. Kch nt Add row.
3. Chn cc ty chn t danh sch lit k trong thuc ct c nhn l Category v Property.
4. Trong danh sch lit k trong thuc ct c nhn Value, chn mt trong cc ty chn.
S sn c ca cc ty chn ph thuc vo la chn ca bn trong danh sch lit k ca
thuc ct Property.
Bn c th chn cc ngy thng t m hnh ch khi thuc tnh trong ct Property l mt
ngy thng.
a. chn mt thuc tnh ca i tng, kch Select from model v sau chn mt i
tng.
103

b. chn mt ngy thng, kch Select date m hp thoi Select date, v sau chn
mt trong cc ty chn.
Bn c th hoc l chn mt ngy thng t lch-Date, hoc chn ngy thng kim tra liReview date hoc xc nh s ngy trc hoc sau ngy kim tra li.
22.3. Dng s chn la i tng
Bn c th dng qu trnh la chn i tng nu s la chn ny vt qu mt khong
thi gian c xc nh trc. V d, nu bn ang lm vic trn mt m hnh ln v bn tnh
c chn tt c cc b phn ca m hnh, bn c th dng s la chn ny nu n cn n hn
5000 phn nghn ca giy ( 5 giy) hon thnh vic chn .
1. Xc nh khong thi gian m sau Tekla Structures hi bn c mun dng s la
chn i tng khng.
a. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings --> Advanced options v chn mc Modeling
Properties.
b. Chnh sa ty chn nng cao XS_OBJECT_SELECTION_CONFIRMATION.
Gi tr mc nh l 5000 phn nghn ca giy, v d bn c th sa thnh 50.
c. Bm nt OK.
2. Chn tt c cc i tng.
3. Khi Tekla Structures hi bn c mun dng s la chn ny khng, bm nt Cancel
dng.
22.4. La chn i tng bng phm chut phi
Bn c th thay i cc thit lp cho bn cng c th chn cc i tng vi phm chut
phi.
1. Trn trnh n File, kch Settings v tch chn vo cc hp kim bn cnh cc nhn sau:
- Select on right click.
- Rollover highlight.
2. Kch chut phi trn mt i tng chn n. Tekla Structures lm ni bt i tng
v hin th thanh cng c ng cnh c lin quan.
22.5. Sao chp v di chuyn hiu qu hn
Bn c th gi hp thoi Move v Copy vn m nu bn ang s dng chng thng
xuyn, v d khi to ra cc li v cc cao trong mt m hnh mi.
1. Chy lnh Copy v Move.
2. dng vic sao chp hoc di chuyn cc i tng, kch chut phi v chn Interrupt
t menu ng cnh.
Hp thoi vn c m trn mn hnh.
3. tip tc sao chp v di chuyn cc i tng.
a. Kch vo hp thoi kch hot chng.
b. Chn mt i tng.
c. Nhp cc gi tr m bn mun s dng, v sau kch nt Move hoc Copy trong hp
thoi.
104

22.6. Thay i mt thuc tnh cho nhiu b phn cng mt lc
Bn c th thay i nhanh chng mt thuc tnh cho nhiu b phn cng mt lc.
1. Kch p ln mt b phn m hp thoi cc thuc tnh.
2. Kch vo nt
thuc tnh.
g b tt c cc tch chn ra khi cc hp chn bn cnh cc
3. Tch chn vo cc hp kim bn cnh nhng thuc tnh m bn mun thay i, v d,

thuc tnh lp-Class.
4. Thay i cc gi tr.
Vn hp thoi m.
5. Chn tt c cc b phn m bn mun thay i trong m hnh.
6. Bm nt Modify trong hp thoi cc thuc tnh ca b phn.
7. Bm nt Cancel ng hp thoi.
22.7. Lm th no khi phc cc thanh cng c b tht lc
Bn c th mang cc thanh cng c Selecting v Snapping tr li, nu bn v tnh g b
chng.
1. Ti thanh cng c Quick Launch.
2. Nhp mt cm t tm kim.
- G selecting nu bn ang tm kim thanh cng c Selecting.
- G Spapping nu bn ang tm kim thanh cng c Snapping.
3. Chn thanh cng c t danh sch lit k xut hin. Thanh cng c s c nhn thy trn
mn hnh.
22.8. n hoc hin cc cnh bo c ty chn Do not show this message again
Thnh thong khi Tekla Structures hin th cc cnh bo, bn c th chn Do not show
this message again n khng hin th ln na trong tng lai. Bn c th Tekla Structures
hin th li cc cnh bo ny ln na.
1. n khng hin th cnh bo ny trong tng lai, tch chn vo hp kim bn cnh
nhn Do not show this message again.
2. hin th li cc cnh bo ny, nhn v gi phm Shift trong khi chy lnh m c th
xut hin cnh bo . V d, sao chp hoc di chuyn cc i tng bn ngoi vng lm vic.
Tekla Structures s li hin th cnh bo c lin quan.
22.9. Cc k t i din
Mt k t i din l mt k hiu vit tt cho mt hoc nhiu k t. Bn c th s dng
cc k t i din rt ngn cc chui, v d trong vic lc.
105

K t i din
* (Du sao)
Miu t
Khp vi nhiu k t.
V d
HE* khp vi tt c cc b phn m c tn
tit din mt ct ngang bt u vi k t HE.
Bn cng c th t k t ny trc mt t:
*BRAC*.
? (Du hi)
Khp vi mt k t HE?400 khp vi cc b phn m c tn tit

n.
din mt ct ngang kiu nh HEA400,
HEB400, v HEC400.
[ ] (Du ngoc Khp vi bt c k t g L[78]X4X1/2 khp vi cc b phn c tn

vung)
c t trong cc du mt ct tit din ngang l L7X4X1/2 v
ngoc vung.
L8X4X1/2.
Lu : K t i din * v ? c th c s dng trong tn ca cc i tng. Nu tn ca
i tng m bn mun lc cha ng * hoc ?, bn cn phi t cc k t ny trong du
ngoc vung. V d. tm mt ct din ngang c tn l P100*10, nhp P100[*]10
trong trng d liu lc.
106

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Tekla Structures 2016

Tekla Structures 2016 by Kienking@Gmail.com

Tekla Structures 2016 by Kienking@Gmail.com

Tekla Structures 2016 by Kienking@Gmail.com

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Tekla Structures 2016 by Kienking@Gmail.com